Thermal battery coupled thermal power unit peak shaving control system and method

Abstract

This application relates to a peak-shaving control system and method for a thermal battery coupled thermal power unit. The system includes: a generator output port of a steam turbine generator set connected to an electric heating module for supplying electrical energy to the electric heating module during off-peak hours; heating electrode wires of the electric heating module and a thermal storage solid are distributed and integrated to convert electrical energy into heat energy and store the heat energy in the thermal storage solid; a circulating fan connected to the thermal storage solid and positioned between the thermal storage solid and a steam generation module to drive the heat transfer from the thermal storage solid to the steam generation module; a booster pump connected to the feedwater inlet of the steam generation module for supplying water to the steam generation module; and steam outlets of the steam generation module connected to various steam output terminals for converting the water supplied by the booster pump in the steam generation module into steam using the heat in the thermal storage solid during peak hours, and supplying the steam to the respective steam output terminals.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of technology, and in particular to a peak-shaving control system and method for thermal battery coupled thermal power units. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, with the continuous increase in installed capacity of new energy sources, the pressure on power grid peak shaving is increasing. As an important peak shaving resource, the deep peak shaving capability of thermal power units has attracted much attention. Related peak shaving technologies for thermal power units mainly include cylinder cutting, water storage tanks, electric boilers, and molten salt thermal storage. However, traditional water thermal storage technology is limited by low heat storage density, resulting in a large system size. While molten salt thermal storage technology has improved heat storage density, molten salt has problems such as a high freezing point, easy freezing, strong corrosiveness, and poor safety at high temperatures. Furthermore, the system is highly complex and requires a large site area, limiting its widespread application in thermal power plants with limited space. In addition, the heat storage temperature of related technologies is usually limited, making it difficult to generate high-parameter steam to match the high-grade requirements of thermal power units, thus limiting energy utilization efficiency and peak shaving economy. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a system and method with high heat storage density, high safety, compact system, and the ability to generate high-parameter steam to achieve deep peak shaving. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a thermal battery-coupled peak-shaving control system and method for thermal power units, aiming to at least solve the problems of low thermal storage density, poor safety, large system volume, and difficulty in matching high-grade steam demand in related technologies. The technical solution of this invention is as follows: According to a first aspect of the present invention, a thermal battery coupled peak-shaving control system for a thermal power unit is provided. The system includes: a thermal power unit consisting of a steam turbine generator set, a thermal battery, a booster pump, and multiple steam output terminals for different application categories; the thermal battery includes an electric heating module, a steam generation module, a thermal storage solid, and a circulating fan; the generator output terminal of the steam turbine generator set is connected to the electric heating module and configured to provide electrical energy to the electric heating module during off-peak hours; the off-peak hours characterize periods of low electricity demand; the heating electrode wires of the electric heating module are distributed and integrated with the thermal storage solid, configured to convert electrical energy into thermal energy. The system stores thermal energy in a thermal storage solid; a circulating fan is connected to the thermal storage solid and positioned between the thermal storage solid and the steam generation module, configured to drive the heat in the thermal storage solid to transfer to the steam generation module; a booster pump is connected to the water inlet of the steam generation module and configured to supply water to the steam generation module; the steam outlet of the steam generation module is connected to each steam output terminal, configured to, during peak electricity periods, utilize the heat in the thermal storage solid to convert the water supplied by the booster pump in the steam generation module into steam, and supply the steam to each steam output terminal; peak electricity periods characterize peak electricity periods.

[0004] The above technical solution, by setting up a thermal battery, uses an electric heating module to convert electrical energy into thermal energy during off-peak hours and store it in a thermal storage solid, thereby realizing the consumption of electrical energy and deep peak regulation of the unit; during peak hours, the heat is released through a steam generation module to generate steam, realizing peak operation of the unit, and the solid thermal storage method has the advantages of high heat storage density, high safety and small size.

[0005] As a technical solution, the circulating fan includes independently set preheating evaporation section circulating fan and superheating section circulating fan; the steam generation module includes a preheating section, an evaporation section and a superheating section; the preheating evaporation section circulating fan is connected to the preheating section and the evaporation section; the superheating section circulating fan is connected to the superheating section; the heat storage solid is provided with a high-temperature heat storage zone and a medium-low temperature heat storage zone along the airflow direction or height direction; the preheating evaporation section circulating fan is configured to drive the heat transfer medium to flow through the medium-low temperature heat storage zone and transfer heat to the preheating section and the evaporation section to meet the high-flow heat exchange requirements of the working fluid phase change; the superheating section circulating fan is configured to drive the heat transfer medium to flow through the high-temperature heat storage zone and transfer heat to the superheating section to utilize the high temperature difference characteristics to heat the saturated steam to the target superheating temperature.

[0006] The above scheme achieves cascade utilization of heat by independently setting up circulating fans and matching the heat storage temperature in different zones, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency and steam parameter quality.

[0007] As a technical solution, multiple steam output terminals include a high-pressure steam user terminal, a low-pressure steam user terminal, and a heat exchange user terminal; the steam supply priority of the high-pressure steam user terminal, low-pressure steam user terminal, and heat exchange user terminal decreases sequentially; the high-pressure steam user terminal is connected to the outlet of the superheated section through a high-pressure steam pipeline; the high-pressure steam pipeline is connected to the superheated section; a connecting pipeline is provided between the high-pressure steam pipeline and the steam turbine generator set; the pipeline of the low-pressure steam user terminal is connected to the outlet of the evaporation section, or the low-pressure steam user terminal is connected to the outlet of the superheated section through a pressure-reducing pipeline; the pressure-reducing pipeline includes a desuperheating and pressure-reducing device for throttling and reducing the pressure of the high-pressure superheated steam; the pipeline of the heat exchange user terminal is connected to the water inlet side of the preheating section.

[0008] The above solution achieves flexible matching of different grades of heat energy requirements by setting up multiple steam output terminals and connection methods, thereby improving the applicability of the system.

[0009] As a technical solution, the heat exchange user end includes condensate system equipment, feedwater system equipment, and / or boiler cold air system equipment; the boiler cold air system equipment is equipped with a surface heat exchanger, the deflection angle of the surface heat exchanger being greater than or equal to 90°; the surface heat exchanger is configured such that when the boiler cold air system equipment is in heating state, the surface heat exchange surface is perpendicular to the cold air inlet direction to maximize heat exchange efficiency; when the boiler cold air system equipment is in non-heating state, the surface heat exchange surface is parallel to the cold air inlet direction to minimize air resistance and heat exchange.

[0010] The above solution achieves a balance between heat exchange and air resistance through a variable-angle surface heat exchanger, thereby improving the flexibility of system operation.

[0011] As a technical solution, the system also includes a temperature detection device, which is configured to collect the internal and external temperatures of the thermal storage solid in real time, and determine the average temperature based on the internal and external temperatures. Based on the difference between the average temperature and the preset full storage temperature threshold and venting temperature threshold, the power of the electric heating module and the air volume of the circulating fan are dynamically adjusted.

[0012] The above scheme achieves precise regulation of the heat storage and release processes through closed-loop temperature control, preventing overheating or excessive heat release and ensuring system safety.

[0013] As a technical solution, the components of the thermal storage solid include concrete, refractory bricks or rock sand materials. The thermal storage solid has a honeycomb or ventilation groove structure and an expansion gap is reserved in the direction of thermal expansion and contraction.

[0014] The above solution reduces construction costs, enhances heat exchange, and effectively addresses thermal expansion issues by selecting common solid materials and optimizing the structure.

[0015] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a peak-shaving control method for a thermal battery coupled thermal power unit is provided. This method can be applied to a peak-shaving control system for a thermal battery coupled thermal power unit, as described in the first aspect and any possible technical solution thereof. The system includes a steam turbine generator set, a thermal battery, a booster pump, and multiple steam output terminals of different application categories. The thermal battery includes an electric heating module, a steam generation module, a thermal storage solid, and a circulating fan. The method includes: during off-peak hours, controlling the steam turbine generator set to operate at full load, and driving the electric heating module according to the electrical power generated by the steam turbine generator set, so that the electric heating module converts the electrical energy of the steam turbine generator set into thermal energy and stores it in the thermal storage solid; during peak hours, utilizing the thermal energy in the thermal storage solid, converting the water supplied by the booster pump in the steam generation module into steam, and supplying the steam to each steam output terminal to assist the thermal power unit in achieving peak operation.

[0016] The above scheme ensures the effective operation of the system at different times by limiting the method and steps, and realizes the functions of peak shaving and peak shaving.

[0017] As one implementation method, the system also includes a temperature detection device; the method further includes: real-time acquisition of the internal and external temperatures of the thermal storage solid; determination of the average temperature based on the internal and external temperatures; and dynamic adjustment of the power of the electric heating module and the air volume of the circulating fan based on the operating mode of the thermal battery and the temperature difference between the average temperature and the preset full storage temperature threshold and venting temperature threshold.

[0018] As one implementation method, based on the operating mode of the thermal battery and the temperature difference between the average temperature and preset full-storage temperature threshold and venting temperature threshold, the power of the electric heating module and the air volume of the circulating fan are dynamically adjusted, including: when the thermal battery is in heat storage mode, determining a first temperature difference between the full-storage temperature threshold and the average temperature; when the first temperature difference is greater than the first temperature threshold, controlling the electric heating module to operate at rated power; when the first temperature difference is less than the first temperature threshold and the first temperature difference is greater than zero, controlling the electric heating module to operate at a first power; the first power is less than the rated power; when the first temperature difference is less than or equal to 0, controlling the electric heating module to stop operating.

[0019] As one implementation method, based on the operating mode of the thermal battery and the temperature difference between the average temperature and preset full-storage temperature threshold and venting temperature threshold, the power of the electric heating module and the airflow of the circulating fan are dynamically adjusted, including: when the thermal battery is in a heat release mode, determining a second temperature difference between the average temperature and the venting temperature threshold; when the second temperature difference is greater than the second temperature threshold, increasing the airflow of the circulating fan to control the circulating fan to operate at a high airflow; when the second temperature difference is less than the second temperature threshold and the second temperature difference is greater than 0, decreasing the airflow of the circulating fan to control the circulating fan to operate at a low airflow; when the second temperature difference is less than or equal to 0, controlling the circulating fan to stop operating.

[0020] The above scheme achieves precise regulation of the heat storage and release processes through specific control logic, thereby improving the system's response speed and operational stability.

[0021] According to a third aspect of the present invention, a peak-shaving control system for a thermal battery coupled thermal power unit is provided. The thermal battery coupled thermal power unit peak-shaving control system stores instructions. When the instructions in the thermal battery coupled thermal power unit peak-shaving control system are executed by a controller, the controller is able to execute a thermal battery coupled thermal power unit peak-shaving control method as described in the second aspect and any of its possible technical solutions.

[0022] According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which instructions are stored, such that when the instructions in the computer-readable storage medium are executed by a processor of a control device, the control device is able to perform a peak-shaving control method for a thermal battery coupled thermal power unit as described in the second aspect and any possible technical solution thereof.

[0023] According to a fifth aspect of the embodiments of this application, a computer program product is provided, the computer program product including computer instructions, which, when executed on a control device, cause the control device to execute the peak-shaving control method for thermal battery coupled thermal power units described in the second aspect and any possible technical solution thereof.

[0024] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present invention brings at least the following beneficial effects: By using solid thermal storage materials (such as concrete, refractory bricks, etc.) as the thermal storage medium, compared with traditional liquid thermal storage technologies such as water and molten salt, it has multiple advantages such as high solid thermal storage density, small volume, readily available and economical thermal storage materials, non-toxic substances, and high safety. Its solid thermal storage temperature can reach thousands of degrees Celsius (e.g., 1500℃), allowing the parameters of high-pressure steam pipelines to reach high pressure or even ultra-high pressure levels. It has high electrothermal conversion peak-shaving capability and interface capability for coupling peak-shaving with thermal power units. Compared with traditional water and molten salt thermal storage peak-shaving, the advantages of coupling interface and high-grade matching are more obvious. Furthermore, through the design of zoned circulating fans and segmented steam generation modules, the cascade utilization of heat is realized, improving heat exchange efficiency; through temperature field monitoring and closed-loop control strategies, precise control of the heat storage and release process is achieved, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the system. This system effectively solves the problem of deep peak-shaving of thermal power units being limited by site and safety constraints, realizing thermoelectric decoupling and deep peak-shaving, and has good scalability and economy.

[0025] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure, and are not intended to unduly limit this disclosure.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a peak-shaving control system for a thermal battery coupled thermal power unit according to an exemplary embodiment; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a peak-shaving control method for a thermal battery coupled thermal power unit according to an exemplary embodiment; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a control device according to an exemplary embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this disclosure, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this disclosure are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this disclosure described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0030] In the first embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a peak-shaving control system for a thermal power unit coupled with a thermal battery 2. The system includes a thermal power unit (including a steam turbine generator set 1), a thermal battery 2, a booster pump 3, and multiple steam output terminals for different application categories. The thermal battery 2, as the core energy conversion and storage unit, integrates an electric heating module 21, a steam generation module 22, a thermal storage solid 23, and a circulating fan 24. The multiple steam output terminals include a high-pressure steam user terminal 4, a low-pressure steam user terminal 5, and a heat exchange user terminal 6.

[0031] Specifically, the connection between the steam turbine generator set 1 and the thermal battery 2 is as follows: the generator output line of the steam turbine generator set 1 is connected to the electric heating module 21 of the thermal battery 2.

[0032] The connection relationship between the electric heating module 21 and the heat storage solid 23 is as follows: the heating electrode wire of the electric heating module 21 and the heat storage solid 23 are connected in a distributed and integrated manner.

[0033] The connection between the steam generating module 22 and the heat storage solid 23 is as follows: the heat from the heat storage solid 23 is ventilated and transferred to the steam generating module 22 through the circulating fan 24.

[0034] The connection between the steam generating module 22 and the booster pump 3 is as follows: the booster pump 3 feeds water into the inlet of the steam generating module 22 through a pipeline, and after generating steam, it connects to the high-pressure steam user terminal 4 at the outlet of the steam generating module 22.

[0035] The connection between the steam generating module 22 and the low-pressure steam user terminal 5 and the heat exchange user terminal 6 is as follows: the heat generated by the steam in the steam generating module 22 is transferred to the low-pressure steam user terminal 5, the heat exchange user terminal 6, etc., through pipelines and heat exchangers 8. The heat exchanger 8 can be a surface heat exchanger.

[0036] In this system, the steam turbine generator set 1 serves as the prime mover of the thermal power plant, and its generator output is connected to the electric heating module 21 in the thermal battery 2. This connection is configured to supply electrical energy to the electric heating module 21 during off-peak electricity hours.

[0037] The "off-peak electricity period" referred to in this embodiment represents a period of low electricity demand, typically referring to times when the grid load is low and electricity prices are cheap, such as at night or on holidays. During this period, the grid's absorption capacity is insufficient, and thermal power units often need to operate at low loads, and may even face difficulties in peak shaving. In this embodiment, the electrical energy of the steam turbine generator unit 1 is drawn to the thermal battery 2, and the electrical energy is converted into heat energy using the electric heating module 21.

[0038] Furthermore, inside the thermal battery 2, the heating electrode wires of the electric heating module 21 are distributed and integrated with the heat storage solid 23.

[0039] This "distributed and integrated arrangement" refers to the fact that the heating electrode wires are not independently installed, but are directly inserted, embedded, or wrapped inside or on the surface of the heat storage solid 23, for example, using an embedded arrangement. This structure can greatly shorten the heat conduction path and reduce the thermal resistance of the intermediate medium, allowing the heat energy generated by the electric heating module 21 to be rapidly and efficiently conducted and stored in the heat storage solid 23. As an energy carrier, the core function of the heat storage solid 23 is to store thermal energy. Compared with traditional water-based or molten salt-based heat storage, solid heat storage materials (such as concrete, refractory bricks, etc., which will be detailed in subsequent embodiments) have a higher heat storage density, can store more heat in a smaller volume, and do not have the risks of leakage, corrosion, or freezing of liquid media, significantly improving safety. In addition, the solid heat storage temperature can reach up to 1500℃, which provides a temperature basis for the subsequent generation of high-parameter steam.

[0040] Furthermore, the circulating fan 24 is connected to the thermal storage solid 23 and positioned between the thermal storage solid 23 and the steam generation module 22. It is configured to drive the heat transfer from the thermal storage solid 23 to the steam generation module 22. Through the solid-state thermal storage battery 2, the electrical power of the turbine generator set 1 is consumed during off-peak hours, and heat is generated by the electric heating module 21 and stored in the thermal storage solid 23, achieving deep peak shaving for the unit. During peak hours, the heat stored in the thermal storage solid 23 is used to directly heat the feedwater through the steam generation module 22 to generate high-temperature, high-pressure steam for external supply, achieving peak operation of the unit.

[0041] It should be understood that the thermal storage solid 23 stores sensible heat, which needs to be carried away by a heat transfer medium (such as air). The function of the circulating fan 24 is to drive the heat transfer medium to circulate between the thermal storage solid 23 and the steam generation module 22: when the heat transfer medium flows through the high-temperature thermal storage solid 23, it absorbs heat and becomes a high-temperature heat transfer medium, then enters the steam generation module 22 to release heat, transferring the heat to the working fluid water, cooling down, and then returning to the thermal storage solid 23 to absorb heat, thus repeating the cycle. This forced convection heat transfer method ensures the efficiency and controllability of heat extraction.

[0042] Furthermore, the booster pump 3 is connected to the water inlet of the steam generating module 22 and is configured to supply water to the steam generating module 22. The steam outlet of the steam generating module 22 is connected to each steam output terminal. This part is configured to, during peak power periods, utilize the heat in the thermal storage solid 23 to convert the water supplied by the booster pump 3 in the steam generating module 22 into steam, and supply the steam to each steam output terminal.

[0043] Furthermore, this allows for peak shaving by utilizing the power output of the turbine generator unit 1 during off-peak hours to meet heating demand, and by releasing heat from the thermal storage solid 23 during peak hours to generate low-pressure steam, which is then supplied to the low-pressure steam user end 5, achieving deep and flexible peak shaving capability for heating conditions. Additionally, during pure condensation periods, the power output of the turbine generator unit 1 can be utilized during off-peak hours for heat storage in the thermal storage solid 23 to achieve peak shaving, and during peak hours, heat can be supplied to the heat exchange user end 6, including condensate, feedwater, and boiler cold air, to achieve peak operation. The thermal storage solid 23 can be made of common and mature solid materials such as concrete, refractory bricks, and rock sand to reduce construction costs and technical risks. The thermal storage solid 23 should adopt a design with honeycomb holes and ventilation slots to achieve strong convective heat transfer, thereby improving the heat storage efficiency of the thermal battery 2. The thermal storage solid 23 should be divided into a cold end and a hot end, and the expansion effect should be fully considered. The thermal storage solid 23 should be equipped with a temperature field monitoring system to fully monitor the internal and external temperatures, average temperature, full-storage temperature, and venting temperature of the thermal storage solid, so as to ensure accurate and effective control of thermal storage and release.

[0044] The "peak power period" referred to in this embodiment represents the peak electricity demand period, typically referring to daytime or peak electricity consumption times when the power grid load is high and thermal power units need to operate at full or even overload to meet power supply needs. During this period, the thermal battery 2 switches from "charging" mode to "discharging" mode, and the thermal storage solid 23 releases the stored high-temperature heat energy, which is transferred to the steam generation module 22 via the circulating fan 24 to heat the feedwater into high-temperature, high-pressure steam, which is then supplied externally. This not only realizes the conversion of heat energy into steam products, but more importantly, when the thermal power unit needs to operate at peak capacity, the steam released by the thermal battery 2 can supplement the work done by the steam turbine or be directly supplied to industrial users, thereby assisting the thermal power unit in achieving peak operation, improving the unit's peak-shaving capacity and economic benefits.

[0045] Through the above system architecture, this embodiment constructs an energy conversion and storage path of "electricity-heat-steam". During off-peak hours, the system absorbs redundant electricity from the grid or forced output electricity from the unit, converting it into heat energy for storage, achieving deep peak shaving of the unit and reducing the minimum stable combustion load; during peak hours, the system releases heat energy to generate high-parameter steam, achieving rapid peak response of the unit. This system effectively solves the problems of large volume, low safety, and difficulty in generating high-parameter steam in existing thermal storage technologies, realizing deep coupling and flexible adjustment between thermal power units and thermal storage systems.

[0046] The second embodiment is based on the first embodiment, and optimizes the energy conversion and output structure inside the thermal battery 2 to achieve the cascade utilization of thermal energy.

[0047] Specifically, the circulating fan 24 includes an independently set preheating evaporation section circulating fan 24 and a superheating section circulating fan 24; the steam generation module 22 includes a preheating section, an evaporation section and a superheating section; the preheating evaporation section circulating fan 24 is connected to the preheating section and the evaporation section; the superheating section circulating fan 24 is connected to the superheating section; the heat storage solid 23 is provided with a high-temperature heat storage zone and a medium-low temperature heat storage zone along the airflow direction or the height direction.

[0048] This partitioned and segmented design is based on thermodynamic principles. During steam generation, the preheating and evaporation sections are primarily responsible for heating the water to saturation and completing vaporization. This process requires a large latent heat of phase change, but the temperature requirement for the heat source is relatively low; the main requirement is a high-flow-rate heat transfer medium to carry sufficient heat. Therefore, the circulating fan 24 in the preheating and evaporation sections is configured to drive the heat transfer medium through the low-temperature heat storage zone, transferring heat to the preheating and evaporation sections to meet the high-flow-rate heat exchange requirements of the working fluid's phase change.

[0049] Conversely, the superheating section's task is to further heat the saturated steam to the target superheating temperature. This process requires a significant temperature difference to overcome the risk of heat transfer degradation. Therefore, the superheating section circulating fan 24 is configured to drive the heat transfer medium through the high-temperature heat storage zone, utilizing the temperature difference to heat the saturated steam to the target superheating temperature. This "temperature-matched, tiered utilization" configuration not only improves the system's heat exchange efficiency but also avoids the waste of using high-temperature heat sources for low-temperature heating. It also reduces the overall cost requirements for high-temperature resistant fans, as the preheating evaporation section fan does not need to withstand excessively high temperatures.

[0050] Optionally, in order to match the different steam parameter requirements of different users, multiple steam output terminals include a high-pressure steam user terminal 4, a low-pressure steam user terminal 5, and a heat exchange user terminal 6; the steam supply priority of the high-pressure steam user terminal 4, the low-pressure steam user terminal 5, and the heat exchange user terminal 6 decreases in that order.

[0051] In terms of pipeline connections, the high-pressure steam user terminal 4 is connected to the outlet of the superheated section via a high-pressure steam pipeline; the high-pressure steam pipeline is connected to the superheated section; and a connecting pipeline is provided between the high-pressure steam pipeline and the turbine generator set 1. This configuration allows the high-parameter steam generated by the thermal battery 2 to be directly supplied to the high-pressure user, or, when necessary, connected to the high-pressure steam network on the turbine side, achieving rapid response during peak operation.

[0052] In one implementation, the low-pressure steam user terminal 5 is connected to the outlet of the evaporation section via a pipeline, or the low-pressure steam user terminal 5 is connected to the outlet of the superheated section via a pressure-reducing pipeline; the pressure-reducing pipeline includes a desuperheating and pressure-reducing device for throttling and reducing the pressure of the high-pressure superheated steam. This provides two flexible supply paths: one is to directly extract saturated steam from the evaporation section to supply the low-pressure user, and the other is to draw steam from the superheated section and reduce it to low-pressure parameters via the desuperheating and pressure-reducing device when high-quality steam is required. This design ensures the flexibility of low-pressure steam supply while avoiding the waste of resources by configuring a separate low-pressure steam generation system specifically for low-pressure users.

[0053] As another implementation, for heat exchange user end 6, its pipeline is connected to the inlet side of the preheating section. These users typically have lower requirements for heat energy grade, such as condensate heating, feedwater preheating, or boiler cold air heating. By supplying the waste heat or low-grade heat energy from the preheating section to these users, full-range energy recovery and utilization are achieved, further improving the overall thermal efficiency of the system.

[0054] The third embodiment, based on the second embodiment, details the specific structure of the heat exchange user terminal 6 and the structure of its key internal components. Specifically, the heat exchange user terminal 6 includes condensate system equipment, feedwater system equipment, and / or boiler cooling air system equipment.

[0055] It should be understood that condensate and feedwater systems typically utilize the low-grade heat energy of the thermal cell 2 to preheat the return or feedwater, thereby improving the efficiency of the regenerative cycle. For the boiler cold air system, its function is to use the heat energy of the thermal cell 2 to heat the combustion air entering the boiler, thus reducing boiler coal consumption and improving combustion efficiency. However, the operation of the boiler cold air system is intermittent and does not require heating at all times. If a traditional fixed heat exchanger is used, during periods when heating is not required, the heat exchanger body 8 will act as an obstruction, blocking the flow of cold air and significantly increasing the power consumption of the blower.

[0056] To address the aforementioned issues, this embodiment incorporates a surface heat exchanger in the boiler's cold air system equipment. The deflection angle of this surface heat exchanger is greater than or equal to 90°. The "deflection angle" refers to the angle between the heat exchange surface of the surface heat exchanger and the direction of the cold air inlet. This surface heat exchanger is configured to operate in two typical states: when the boiler's cold air system is in heating mode, the surface heat exchange surface is perpendicular to the direction of the cold air inlet, with a deflection angle of 90°. The heat exchange surface faces the incoming flow, maximizing the frontal area and thus maximizing heat exchange efficiency and rapidly increasing the cold air temperature. When the boiler's cold air system is not in heating mode, the surface heat exchange surface is parallel to the direction of the cold air inlet, with a deflection angle of 0° or 180° (i.e., rotated 90° or more relative to the perpendicular state). The heat exchange surface is turned to the side to avoid the incoming flow, minimizing the frontal area and thus minimizing wind resistance and heat exchange.

[0057] This structural design cleverly resolves the contradiction between heat exchange efficiency and flow resistance. Specifically, when heating is required, the heat exchange surface is placed in a vertical position, fully utilizing the positive correlation between the convective heat transfer coefficient and the flow velocity to achieve efficient heat transfer. When heating is not required, the heat exchange surface is flipped to a parallel position, significantly reducing the local resistance coefficient, allowing cold air to flow through with extremely low pressure loss, thus avoiding the ineffective energy consumption caused by traditional fixed heat exchangers under non-heating conditions.

[0058] Although this embodiment focuses on describing the two extreme states of vertical and parallel, in practical applications, the surface heat exchanger can also stop at any angle between 0° and 90° according to actual heating needs. By adjusting the frontal area, the heat exchange can be linearly controlled to achieve more precise temperature regulation. This variable angle can be achieved by setting a stepper motor, pneumatic actuator, or hydraulic drive mechanism on the rotating shaft of the heat exchanger 8. These are conventional technical means that are easy for those skilled in the art to implement and will not be described in detail here.

[0059] The fourth embodiment, based on the previous embodiments, specifies in detail the specific material, microstructure and temperature detection mechanism of the heat storage solid 23, aiming to further improve the heat exchange efficiency, structural safety and control accuracy of the system.

[0060] Specifically, the components of the heat storage solid 23 include concrete, refractory bricks, or rock sand. It should be understood that the "heat storage solid 23" referred to in this invention is not limited to the above three materials; any solid material with high specific heat capacity, high temperature resistance, and low cost can be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0061] The main considerations for selecting concrete, refractory bricks, or rock sand are as follows: First, these materials are widely used in the construction and industrial fields, are readily available, and inexpensive, significantly reducing the construction cost of the thermal battery 2. Second, these materials have high thermal stability, capable of withstanding heat storage temperatures up to 1500°C without decomposition or phase change, ensuring the physical stability of the heat storage medium under long-term cyclic conditions. Compared to expensive special ceramics or phase change materials, the materials selected in this embodiment greatly improve the economy and engineering feasibility of the technical solution while ensuring technical performance.

[0062] Furthermore, to enhance the convective heat transfer effect inside the thermal storage solid 23, a honeycomb pore or ventilation slot structure is incorporated within the thermal storage solid 23. This structural design is crucial. During heat storage and release, the heat transfer medium (such as air) needs to flow through the thermal storage solid 23 for heat exchange. If the thermal storage solid 23 is a solid structure, heat can only be transferred from the surface to the interior through thermal conduction, resulting in high thermal resistance, slow heating or cooling rates, and potential internal temperature unevenness. By incorporating honeycomb pores or ventilation slots, a large number of airflow channels are essentially constructed inside the thermal storage solid 23, significantly increasing the contact area between the heat transfer medium and the thermal storage solid 23. Simultaneously, the airflow within the channels generates disturbances, disrupting the boundary layer and thus significantly improving the convective heat transfer coefficient. This "built-in flow channel" design enables the thermal storage solid 23 to rapidly absorb and release heat, effectively solving the common "response lag" problem in solid thermal storage technology and ensuring the rapid response capability of the thermal battery 2 under peak-shaving conditions.

[0063] Furthermore, considering that the thermal storage solid 23 will inevitably expand and contract during repeated heating and cooling, an expansion gap is reserved in the direction of thermal expansion and contraction. This expansion gap can be set between the modules of the thermal storage solid 23, or between the thermal storage solid 23 and the container wall. If no gap is reserved, the volume expansion of the thermal storage solid 23 at high temperatures will generate huge internal thermal stress, leading to material cracking, breakage, or even crushing and damaging the external insulation layer or heating element. By reserving the expansion gap, a physical buffer space is provided for the thermal expansion of the material, effectively releasing thermal stress, thereby extending the service life of the thermal storage solid 23 and ensuring the structural safety of the system under frequent peak-shaving conditions.

[0064] To achieve precise control of the aforementioned thermal storage process, the system also includes temperature detection equipment configured to collect the internal and external temperatures of the thermal storage solid 23 in real time. Specifically, the temperature detection equipment can employ thermocouples or resistance temperature detectors (RTDs). The arrangement of the sensors is crucial for the representativeness of the temperature field. In this embodiment, the sensors are arranged to penetrate deep into the interior of the thermal storage solid 23 (e.g., the central region) to detect the internal temperature, and close to the surface of the thermal storage solid 23 or positioned at the airflow outlet to detect the external temperature. This combined "inside-outside" arrangement comprehensively reflects the thermal state of the thermal storage body. The control system determines the average temperature based on the internal and external temperatures. This "average temperature" is not a simple arithmetic average, but rather a characteristic temperature representing the overall thermal storage level, calculated by weighting the internal and external temperatures according to the geometry and temperature distribution characteristics of the thermal storage body. For example, in a simple implementation, the average temperature can be the arithmetic mean of the internal and external temperatures. By calculating the average temperature, the interference of local hot or cold spots on control decisions is eliminated, making the control basis more scientific and reliable.

[0065] The average temperature will serve as the core input parameter for subsequent control strategies. The system dynamically adjusts the power of the electric heating module 21 and the airflow of the circulating fan 24 based on the differences between the average temperature and preset full-storage temperature and venting temperature thresholds. For example, during the heat storage phase, when the average temperature is significantly lower than the full-storage temperature threshold, it indicates that the heat storage medium still has substantial heat absorption potential; in this case, the electric heating module 21 is controlled to heat at full speed with its rated power. When the average temperature approaches the full-storage temperature threshold, the power is reduced to prevent localized overheating. This closed-loop control mechanism based on temperature feedback ensures the accuracy and safety of the heat storage and release processes, avoiding energy waste or equipment damage risks.

[0066] The peak-shaving control method for thermal battery coupled thermal power units also provided in this application embodiment can be applied to the aforementioned methods. Figure 1 The implementation architecture shown illustrates the peak-shaving control system for thermally coupled thermal power units. For ease of understanding, the peak-shaving control method for thermally coupled thermal power units provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0067] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment also provides a peak-shaving control method for thermal battery-coupled thermal power units. This method is applied to the peak-shaving control system of thermal battery-coupled thermal power units as described in any of the above embodiments. Based on the peak-valley characteristics of the power grid load, this method constructs a time-series control logic of "valley power heat storage and peak power heat release" to achieve deep peak shaving and peak operation of the thermal power units.

[0068] Step S21: During off-peak electricity hours, control the turbine generator set to operate at full load, and drive the electric heating module according to the electric power generated by the turbine generator set, so that the electric heating module converts the electrical energy of the turbine generator set into heat energy and stores it in the heat storage solid.

[0069] It should be understood that off-peak electricity periods typically refer to nighttime or holidays when the grid load is low. During these times, there may be a surplus of renewable energy generation, or the grid may need thermal power units to reduce their load to make room. However, thermal power units themselves are limited by a minimum stable combustion load and cannot reduce their output indefinitely.

[0070] This step involves controlling the turbine generator set to operate at a high load rate (or even full load), converting output that would otherwise need to be reduced or renewable energy that cannot be absorbed into thermal energy through an electric heating module. This process achieves both "spatial transfer" and "temporal transfer" of electrical energy: converting difficult-to-absorb electrical energy into high-density thermal energy stored in thermal storage solids solves the difficulties of deep peak shaving by the unit and avoids energy waste. For example, when the control system receives a grid dispatch command or detects that the current electricity price is lower than a preset threshold, it automatically triggers the thermal storage mode, closes the power supply circuit between the turbine generator set and the electric heating module, and starts the electric heating module to heat the generator.

[0071] Step S22: During peak power periods, the thermal energy in the thermal storage solid is used to convert the water supplied by the booster pump in the steam generation module into steam, and the steam is supplied to each steam output terminal to assist the thermal power unit in achieving peak operation.

[0072] Peak power periods typically refer to daytime or peak electricity consumption times, when grid load surges, requiring thermal power units to rapidly increase output. During this time, the control system switches the thermal battery to heat release mode. Booster pumps start, pumping feedwater into the steam generation module; simultaneously, circulating fans start, driving the heat storage solids to transfer heat to the steam generation module. The feedwater absorbs the stored high-temperature heat energy in the steam generation module, rapidly vaporizing and superheating to generate high-quality steam. This steam is supplied to high-pressure users, low-pressure users, or heat exchange users through different steam output terminals, and may even be directly integrated into the turbine-side steam network to perform work. This process is equivalent to adding an incremental "thermal battery steam supply" to the unit's original output, thereby assisting the thermal power unit in achieving peak operation in a short time and improving the unit's peak-shaving response speed and peak-shaving capacity.

[0073] It should be understood that steps S21 and S22 are mutually exclusive in terms of timing, that is, the heat storage mode and the heat release mode are not carried out at the same time. This ensures the clarity of the energy conversion path and the reliability of the control logic.

[0074] By using the above-mentioned peak-shaving control method, the system's hardware architecture is mapped into executable control logic, establishing a time-based energy management strategy that enables thermal batteries to accurately meet grid dispatch requirements and maximize the flexibility of thermal power units.

[0075] As one implementation method, the control method for the thermal battery was further refined, and a closed-loop control strategy based on temperature feedback was constructed. This strategy aims to solve the problem of inaccurate control caused by temperature fluctuations during heat storage and release, and to prevent damage to the heat storage body due to overheating or excessive heat release leading to unqualified steam parameters.

[0076] Specifically, the method in this embodiment also includes a temperature detection step. The system collects the internal and external temperatures of the thermal storage solid in real time using a temperature detection device, and determines the average temperature based on the internal and external temperatures. This average temperature serves as a core parameter characterizing the overall energy state of the thermal storage body, eliminating the interference of local temperature gradients on control decisions.

[0077] After acquiring the average temperature, the system dynamically adjusts the power of the electric heating module and the airflow of the circulating fan based on the operating mode of the thermal battery and the temperature difference between the average temperature and the preset full-storage temperature threshold and venting temperature threshold. This process achieves a leap from "open-loop sequential control" to "closed-loop feedback control," ensuring the real-time performance and accuracy of the system response.

[0078] The following sections will elaborate on the specific determination process for both the heat storage and heat release modes.

[0079] For the first scenario, firstly, when the thermal battery is in thermal storage mode, the system executes thermal storage control logic. At this time, the electric heating module is operational, and the circulating fan can be started or stopped as needed. The system first determines the first temperature difference between the full-storage temperature threshold and the average temperature. This first temperature difference directly reflects the difference in thermal potential energy between the current thermal storage body and the "full" state.

[0080] Secondly, the system compares the first temperature difference with a preset first temperature threshold. The first temperature threshold is a pre-calibrated control dead zone or buffer value used to distinguish between the "rapid heating zone" and the "buffer heating zone".

[0081] The specific determination process is as follows.

[0082] Firstly, when the first temperature difference is greater than the first temperature threshold, it indicates that the current temperature of the thermal storage body is far below the target full-storage temperature, indicating a huge heat absorption potential. At this time, the system controls the electric heating module to operate at its rated power, converting electrical energy into heat energy at full speed to maximize heat storage efficiency and make full use of cheap electricity during off-peak hours.

[0083] Secondly, when the first temperature difference is less than the first temperature threshold and greater than zero, it indicates that the temperature of the heat storage body is close to the target value, but has not yet reached it. If heating continues at the rated power at this point, local overheating or overall temperature exceeding the limit is highly likely due to thermal inertia. Therefore, the system controls the electric heating module to operate at a first power, which is less than the rated power. This reduced power operation strategy is equivalent to a "deceleration buffer" before the end of heat storage, ensuring that the stored heat reaches the target while effectively avoiding the risk of overheating and protecting the microstructural stability of the heat storage solid material.

[0084] Third, when the first temperature difference is less than or equal to 0, it indicates that the average temperature has reached or exceeded the full storage temperature threshold, and the heat storage process is complete. At this time, the system controls the electric heating module to stop operating, cutting off the power input to prevent energy waste and equipment damage.

[0085] For the second scenario, when the thermal battery is in exothermic operation mode, the system executes exothermic control logic. At this time, the electric heating module stops operating, and the circulating fan is running. The system determines a second temperature difference between the average temperature and the venting temperature threshold. This second temperature difference reflects the remaining releaseable thermal energy margin of the thermal storage body.

[0086] The system compares the second temperature difference with a preset second temperature threshold.

[0087] The specific determination process is as follows.

[0088] Firstly, when the second temperature difference exceeds the second temperature threshold, it indicates that the temperature of the heat storage body is high, with sufficient remaining heat, and the ability to rapidly release a large amount of thermal energy. At this time, the system increases the airflow of the circulating fan, controlling it to operate at a high airflow rate. A high airflow rate means increased flow velocity of the heat transfer medium and a higher convective heat transfer coefficient, enabling rapid transfer of heat from the stored solid to the steam generation module, meeting the rapid response requirements for high-load steam supply during peak power periods.

[0089] Secondly, when the second temperature difference is less than the second temperature threshold and greater than 0, it indicates that the temperature of the heat storage body is close to the venting temperature threshold, and the remaining heat energy is limited. Maintaining a high airflow rate at this point not only makes it difficult to maintain stable steam parameters but may also cause a sharp drop in outlet air temperature, affecting heat exchange efficiency. Therefore, the system reduces the airflow of the circulating fan, controlling it to operate at a low airflow rate. This reduced airflow strategy, while ensuring continuous heating, lowers the heat extraction rate, extends the heating time, and achieves a "steady and continuous" utilization of the remaining heat energy.

[0090] Third, when the second temperature difference is less than or equal to 0, it indicates that the temperature of the heat storage body has dropped below the venting temperature threshold, and the stored heat is insufficient to maintain effective steam generation. At this time, the system controls the circulating fan to stop running, the heat release process ends, and ineffective power consumption (fan idling) is avoided.

[0091] Through the aforementioned hierarchical judgment logic, this embodiment achieves refined closed-loop management of the heat storage and release processes. This management not only ensures the operational safety of the thermal battery itself but also guarantees the stability of the output steam parameters, thereby providing reliable thermal support for deep peak shaving and peak operation of thermal power units.

[0092] To more intuitively demonstrate the practical application effect of the technical solution of this invention, this embodiment takes a deep peak-shaving scenario of a 300MW thermal power unit as an example for detailed explanation. It should be understood that the specific parameters in this embodiment are only used to explain the principle of this invention, and not to limit the scope of protection of this invention.

[0093] In this application scenario, the thermal power unit is equipped with a thermal battery coupled peak-shaving control system. The rated thermal storage capacity of the thermal battery is designed to be 90MW, and the solid thermal storage material is made of high-temperature resistant concrete, with a designed maximum storage temperature of 1500℃. This high-temperature characteristic is the key foundation for achieving deep peak shaving and high-grade steam supply in this embodiment. Compared with the temperature limit of traditional molten salt thermal storage, which is usually no more than 600℃, the solid thermal storage medium in this embodiment can store higher-grade energy, thereby generating steam with higher parameters during the heat release stage, directly matching the high-pressure steam system of the thermal power unit.

[0094] Specifically, the system operates as follows during a complete peak-shaving cycle.

[0095] During off-peak hours at night (e.g., 11:00 PM to 5:00 AM the next day), the grid load is low, and dispatching requires thermal power units to operate at reduced loads. If relying solely on traditional boiler combustion adjustments, the minimum technical output of this 300MW unit is typically limited, making it difficult to meet the grid's required deep peak-shaving targets. In this case, the system in this embodiment activates the thermal storage mode. The control system maintains a high mechanical work load on the turbine generator unit, even operating at full load, transmitting a portion of the generated electricity to the grid, while the remaining portion is led out through the generator output to drive the electric heating modules inside the thermal battery.

[0096] The electric heating module converts electrical energy into heat energy and stores it in a thermal storage solid. In this process, the thermal battery acts as a large "electrical load," absorbing the excess electrical energy generated by the unit. According to the formula for calculating the system's peak-shaving capacity: Δpeak-shaving = P_electric module input / P_unit rated power × 100%.

[0097] Among them, the P-module input is the input power of the thermal storage solid (mainly referring to the peak-shaving power), and the P-unit rated power is the rated power of the unit (300MW).

[0098] For example, if the electric heating module operates at a rated power of 90MW, then the peak-shaving capacity provided by the system is: Δpeak shaving = 90MW / 300MW × 100% = 30%.

[0099] This means that, through the absorption of thermal energy by the thermal battery, the unit can significantly reduce its net electrical load output while maintaining stable boiler combustion. For example, when the unit operates at 30% of its minimum stable combustion load (i.e., 90MW), if all 90MW of electrical energy is absorbed by the thermal battery, the unit's net power output to the grid can be reduced to near zero, thus easily achieving a peak-shaving capacity of 30% or even deeper, meeting the grid's deep peak-shaving assessment requirements. Simultaneously, temperature detection equipment monitors the average temperature of the thermal storage solid in real time. When the average temperature approaches the preset full-storage temperature threshold (e.g., 1450℃), the system automatically reduces the electric heating power until heating stops, completing the thermal storage process.

[0100] During peak daytime power demand (e.g., 09:00 to 12:00), the grid load surges, requiring thermal power units to rapidly increase output. At this time, the system switches to exothermic operation mode. The control system starts circulating fans and booster pumps, utilizing the high-temperature thermal energy stored in the thermal storage solids to heat feedwater into high-temperature, high-pressure steam. Because the thermal storage temperature reaches as high as 1500℃, the thermal battery can generate superheated steam with parameters matching the requirements of the turbine's high-pressure cylinder inlet.

[0101] This steam is transported to the high-pressure steam user end through high-pressure steam pipelines, or directly integrated into the turbine side to participate in work, thus adding a "peak increment" to the original output of the unit. According to the formula for calculating the system peak capacity: Δpeak = Ppeak / PUnit rated power × 100%.

[0102] For example, if the thermal energy released by the thermal battery can be converted into 30MW of steam power, the system can provide a 10% increase in peak capacity. This enables the unit to respond quickly to grid demand and achieve rapid peak operation. Simultaneously, for low-pressure steam users or heat exchange users (such as condensate heating and boiler cold air heating), the system utilizes the medium- and low-temperature thermal energy from the preheating and evaporation sections for supply, achieving cascaded energy utilization and further improving the overall plant's thermal economy.

[0103] As can be seen from the above application scenarios, the system and method provided in this embodiment, through the time-series operation strategy of "valley power heat storage - peak power heat release," not only solves the problem of limited deep peak shaving for thermal power units, but also endows the units with the ability to respond quickly to peak loads. The high-temperature characteristics of solid thermal storage materials enable the thermal battery to generate high-grade steam, achieving deep coupling with the process parameters of thermal power units, and significantly improving the operational flexibility and market competitiveness of thermal power units.

[0104] To achieve the above functions, the peak-shaving control device for thermal battery-coupled power units includes corresponding hardware structures and / or software modules for performing each function. Those skilled in the art will readily recognize that, based on the algorithmic steps of the examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein, this application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in hardware or by computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0105] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a control device provided in this application. Figure 3 The control device 50 may include at least one first processor 501 and a memory 503 for storing processor-executable instructions. The first processor 501 is configured to execute the instructions in the memory 503 to implement the peak-shaving control method for thermal battery-coupled power units in the following embodiments.

[0106] In addition, the control device 50 may also include a communication bus 502, at least one communication interface 504, an input device 506, and an output device 505.

[0107] The first processor 501 may be a processor (central processing unit, CPU), a microprocessor unit, an ASIC, or one or more integrated circuits for controlling the execution of programs according to the present application.

[0108] The communication bus 502 may include a path for transmitting information between the aforementioned components.

[0109] Communication interface 504 uses any transceiver-like device for communicating with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), wireless local area networks (WLAN), etc.

[0110] Input device 506 is used to receive input signals and output device 505 is used to output signals.

[0111] Memory 503 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device capable of storing static information and instructions, random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device capable of storing information and instructions, or electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compressed discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital universal discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and accessible by a computer, but not limited thereto. Memory may exist independently and be connected to the processing unit via a bus. Memory may also be integrated with the processing unit.

[0112] The memory 503 stores instructions for executing the scheme of this application, and the execution is controlled by the first processor 501. The first processor 501 executes the instructions stored in the memory 503 to realize the functions of the method of this application.

[0113] In a specific implementation, as one example, the first processor 501 may include one or more CPUs, for example... Figure 3 CPU0 and CPU1 in the CPU.

[0114] In a specific implementation, as one example, the control device 50 may include multiple processors, such as... Figure 3 The first processor 501 and the second processor 507 are described. Each of these processors can be a single-core processor or a multi-core processor. A processor here can refer to one or more devices, circuits, and / or processing cores used to process data (such as computer program instructions).

[0115] The control device, such as Figure 3 The diagram includes a first processor 501 and a memory 503 for storing executable instructions of the first processor 501. The first processor 501 is configured to execute the executable instructions to implement the peak-shaving control method for thermal battery-coupled power units as described in any of the possible embodiments above. Since the same technical effects can be achieved, further details are omitted here to avoid repetition.

[0116] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. When the instructions in the computer-readable storage medium are executed by the processor of a thermal battery coupled thermal power unit peak shaving control device or control equipment, the thermal battery coupled thermal power unit peak shaving control device or control equipment can perform the thermal battery coupled thermal power unit peak shaving control method as described in any of the above possible embodiments. And it can achieve the same technical effect; to avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0117] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program or instructions, which are executed by a processor as described in any of the above possible embodiments of the peak-shaving control method for thermal battery coupled thermal power units. This achieves the same technical effect, and to avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0118] Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this application are indicated by the following claims.

[0119] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A peak-shaving control system for a thermal battery coupled thermal power unit, characterized in that, The system includes: a thermal power unit including a steam turbine generator set, a thermal battery, a booster pump, and multiple steam output terminals for different application categories; the thermal battery includes an electric heating module, a steam generation module, a thermal storage solid, and a circulating fan; The generator output port of the steam turbine generator set is connected to the electric heating module and is configured to provide electrical energy to the electric heating module during off-peak hours; the off-peak hours represent periods of low electricity demand. The heating electrode wire of the electric heating module is distributed and integrated with the heat storage solid, and is configured to convert electrical energy into heat energy and store the heat energy in the heat storage solid. The circulating fan is connected to the heat storage solid and is disposed between the heat storage solid and the steam generating module, and is configured to drive the heat in the heat storage solid to be transferred to the steam generating module; The booster pump is connected to the water inlet of the steam generating module and is configured to supply water to the steam generating module. The steam outlet of the steam generating module is connected to each of the steam output terminals and is configured to use the heat in the thermal storage solid to convert the water supplied by the booster pump in the steam generating module into steam during peak electricity periods, and supply the steam to each of the steam output terminals; the peak electricity period represents the peak period of electricity.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circulating fan includes an independently configured preheating evaporation section circulating fan and a superheating section circulating fan; the steam generation module includes a preheating section, an evaporation section, and a superheating section; the preheating evaporation section circulating fan is connected to the preheating section and the evaporation section; the superheating section circulating fan is connected to the superheating section; the heat storage solid is provided with a high-temperature heat storage zone and a medium-low temperature heat storage zone along the airflow direction or height direction; The circulating fan in the preheating evaporation section is configured to drive the heat transfer medium through the medium-low temperature heat storage area and transfer heat to the preheating section and the evaporation section to meet the high flow rate heat exchange requirements of the working fluid phase change. The superheated section circulating fan is configured to drive the heat transfer medium through the high-temperature heat storage zone and transfer heat to the superheated section, so as to utilize the high temperature difference characteristics to heat the saturated steam to the target superheated temperature.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of steam output terminals include a high-pressure steam user terminal, a low-pressure steam user terminal, and a heat exchange user terminal; the steam supply priority of the high-pressure steam user terminal, the low-pressure steam user terminal, and the heat exchange user terminal decreases in that order. The high-pressure steam user terminal is connected to the outlet of the superheated section via a high-pressure steam pipeline; the high-pressure steam pipeline is connected to the superheated section; a connecting pipeline is provided between the high-pressure steam pipeline and the steam turbine generator set; The pipeline at the low-pressure steam user end is connected to the outlet of the evaporation section, or the low-pressure steam user end is connected to the outlet of the superheated section through a pressure-reducing pipeline; the pressure-reducing pipeline includes a de-temperature and pressure-reducing device for throttling and reducing the pressure of the high-pressure superheated steam. The pipeline at the heat exchange user end is connected to the water inlet side of the preheating section.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The heat exchange user end includes condensate system equipment, water supply system equipment and / or boiler cooling air system equipment; The boiler cold air system equipment is equipped with a surface heat exchanger, and the deflection angle of the surface heat exchanger is greater than or equal to 90°. The surface heat exchanger is configured such that when the boiler cold air system is in a heating state, the surface heat exchange surface is perpendicular to the cold air inlet direction to maximize heat exchange efficiency; when the boiler cold air system is in a non-heating state, the surface heat exchange surface is parallel to the cold air inlet direction to minimize wind resistance and heat exchange.

5. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The system also includes a temperature detection device configured to collect the internal and external temperatures of the thermal storage solid in real time, and determine the average temperature based on the internal and external temperatures, so as to dynamically adjust the power of the electric heating module and the air volume of the circulating fan based on the difference between the average temperature and preset full storage temperature threshold and venting temperature threshold.

6. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The thermal storage solid is composed of concrete, refractory bricks or rock sand, and has a honeycomb or ventilation groove structure. The thermal storage solid has an expansion gap reserved in the direction of thermal expansion and contraction.

7. A peak-shaving control method for thermal battery-coupled thermal power units, characterized in that, The method is applied to the peak-shaving control system of a thermal battery coupled to a thermal power unit as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the system comprises: a thermal power unit including a steam turbine generator set, a thermal battery, a booster pump, and multiple steam output terminals of different application categories; the thermal battery includes an electric heating module, a steam generation module, a thermal storage solid, and a circulating fan; the method comprises: During off-peak electricity hours, the steam turbine generator set is controlled to operate at full load, and the electric heating module is driven according to the electric power generated by the steam turbine generator set, so that the electric heating module converts the electrical energy of the steam turbine generator set into heat energy and stores it in the heat storage solid. During peak power periods, the thermal energy in the thermal storage solid is used to convert the water supplied by the booster pump in the steam generation module into steam, and the steam is supplied to each of the steam output terminals to assist the thermal power unit in achieving peak operation.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The system further includes a temperature detection device; the method further includes: Real-time acquisition of the internal and external temperatures of the heat storage solid; The average temperature is determined based on the internal temperature and the external temperature. Based on the operating mode of the thermal battery and the temperature difference between the average temperature and the preset full-storage temperature threshold and venting temperature threshold, the power of the electric heating module and the air volume of the circulating fan are dynamically adjusted.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The step of dynamically adjusting the power of the electric heating module and the airflow of the circulating fan based on the operating mode of the thermal battery and the temperature difference between the average temperature and preset full-storage temperature threshold and venting temperature threshold, includes: When the thermal battery is in thermal storage mode, a first temperature difference between the full storage temperature threshold and the average temperature is determined. When the first temperature difference is greater than the first temperature threshold, the electric heating module is controlled to operate at rated power; When the first temperature difference is less than the first temperature threshold and the first temperature difference is greater than zero, the electric heating module is controlled to operate at a first power; the first power is less than the rated power. When the first temperature difference is less than or equal to 0, the electric heating module is controlled to stop operating.

10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The step of dynamically adjusting the power of the electric heating module and the airflow of the circulating fan based on the operating mode of the thermal battery and the temperature difference between the average temperature and preset full-storage temperature threshold and venting temperature threshold, includes: When the thermal battery is in a heat release mode, a second temperature difference between the average temperature and the venting temperature threshold is determined. When the second temperature difference is greater than the second temperature threshold, the air volume of the circulating fan is increased to control the circulating fan to operate at a high air volume. When the second temperature difference is less than the second temperature threshold and the second temperature difference is greater than 0, the air volume of the circulating fan is reduced to control the circulating fan to operate at a low air volume. When the second temperature difference is less than or equal to 0, the circulating fan is controlled to stop running.

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