Lead screw slide table transmission structure

Abstract

The application discloses a screw rod sliding table transmission structure, which comprises a mounting table, a driving motor, a screw rod, a floating nut transmission assembly, a quadrature floating mounting assembly and a sliding top plate; the floating nut transmission assembly comprises a transmission nut matched with the screw rod, a nut seat rigidly connected with the transmission nut and a split type bearing sleeve sleeved outside the nut seat; the nut seat and the split type bearing sleeve are adjustably matched through an annular outer spherical surface part and an annular inner spherical groove, and are stably attached through a pre-tightening supporting structure; the quadrature floating mounting assembly comprises a fixed support frame, an outer layer floating frame and an inner layer bearing frame; the screw rod transmission part and the sliding table guiding part are connected in an error compensation mode through the combination of the floating nut transmission assembly and the quadrature floating mounting assembly, so that the problems of transmission blockage, increased lateral load and decreased precision caused by the axial deviation of the screw rod and assembly error are reduced, and the sliding table operation stability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of linear transmission equipment technology, specifically a lead screw slide transmission structure. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, lead screw slide structures typically employ a motor to drive the lead screw, which in turn drives the slide along a linear guide via a nut that meshes with the lead screw. To ensure transmission accuracy, existing structures usually use a rigid connection between the nut seat and the slide or load-bearing component, maintaining a fixed correspondence between the lead screw's transmission direction and the slide's guiding direction.

[0003] However, in automated machining equipment, precision testing equipment, and high-precision motion platforms, lead screw drive mechanisms typically need to simultaneously meet the requirements of high repeatability and long-term operational stability. Due to unavoidable manufacturing errors, assembly errors, and structural deformation after long-term operation between the lead screw, linear guide, and slide mounting reference, deviations can easily occur between the lead screw axis and the actual movement direction of the slide. When the nut seat adopts a rigid fixing structure, the nut needs to simultaneously satisfy both the axial movement constraint of the lead screw and the guiding constraint of the slide, which can easily lead to over-positioning. This causes additional lateral forces during lead screw transmission, resulting in increased running resistance, accelerated wear of the lead screw and guide, and affects the motion accuracy and service life of the slide.

[0004] Some existing structures attempt to improve the above problems by increasing installation accuracy or adding flexible connection methods. However, increasing installation accuracy will increase assembly difficulty and manufacturing cost. Flexible connection structures can usually only release positional deviations in one direction and are prone to reducing transmission stiffness. It is difficult to meet the rigid drive requirements and error compensation requirements in the lead screw transmission process. At the same time, flexible structures are prone to a decrease in transmission stiffness due to changes in clearance, which will affect the long-term operational stability of the lead screw slide. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention addresses the problem of overly simplistic solutions in existing technologies by providing a lead screw slide transmission structure. This structure solves the technical problem mentioned in the background section, where a rigid connection between the nut seat and the slide prevents the release of installation deviations between the lead screw axis and the slide's direction of motion, leading to lateral constraint forces, motion stagnation, and decreased accuracy during transmission.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A lead screw slide transmission structure includes a mounting platform, a drive motor, a lead screw, a floating nut transmission assembly, an orthogonal floating mounting assembly, and a sliding top plate.

[0007] The floating nut transmission assembly includes a transmission nut that mates with a lead screw, a nut seat that is rigidly fixed coaxially with the transmission nut, and a split-type receiving sleeve sleeved on the outside of the nut seat. The outer periphery of the nut seat is provided with an annular outer spherical surface. The split-type receiving sleeve is composed of sleeves that are spliced ​​together and form an annular inner spherical groove that is clearance-fitted with the annular outer spherical surface. The split-type receiving sleeve is provided with multiple pre-tightening support structures distributed circumferentially. The pre-tightening support structures elastically abut against the annular outer spherical surface to maintain the fit between the annular outer spherical surface and the annular inner spherical groove.

[0008] The orthogonal floating mounting assembly includes a fixed support frame, an outer floating frame disposed within the fixed support frame, and an inner bearing frame disposed within the outer floating frame. The split-type receiving sleeve is installed on the inner bearing frame via a clamping connecting flange.

[0009] A second-direction elastic support group is provided between the inner load-bearing frame and the outer floating frame, and a first-direction elastic support group is provided between the outer floating frame and the fixed support frame, which is perpendicular to the direction of the second-direction elastic support group.

[0010] Furthermore, the split-type receiving sleeve includes a first sleeve and a second sleeve arranged symmetrically to each other. The splicing end faces of the first sleeve and the second sleeve are respectively provided with protrusions and grooves that interlock with each other, so that the two sleeves maintain radial positioning after splicing.

[0011] Furthermore, the pre-tightening support structure includes a support pad, a support seat disposed on the outside of the support pad, and a radial pre-tightening spring disposed between the support seat and the split-type receiving sleeve for pushing the support seat to move radially along the annular outer spherical surface. The side of the support pad facing the annular outer spherical surface is configured as a concave arc surface adapted to the curvature of the annular outer spherical surface.

[0012] The pre-tightening support structures are arranged at equal angles along the circumference of the split-type support sleeve, and the elastic action direction of each pre-tightening support structure is towards the center of the outer spherical surface of the ring.

[0013] Furthermore, the outer peripheral wall of the nut seat is threaded with a radial anti-rotation pin, and the split-type receiving sleeve has an anti-rotation groove corresponding to the position of the radial anti-rotation pin. The radial anti-rotation pin extends into the anti-rotation groove to restrict the circumferential rotation of the nut seat relative to the split-type receiving sleeve, while allowing the nut seat to deflect at a limited angle with the annular outer spherical surface.

[0014] Furthermore, the anti-rotation groove is an arc-shaped relief groove extending along the swing direction of the annular outer spherical surface, and the groove width of the anti-rotation groove is greater than the outer diameter of the radial anti-rotation pin, so that when the nut seat deflects at an angle relative to the split-type receiving sleeve, the radial anti-rotation pin can move along the anti-rotation groove.

[0015] Furthermore, the clamping connection flange includes two annular clamping components arranged opposite to each other. The two annular clamping components are respectively sleeved on the outside of the split-type receiving sleeve and abut against both sides of the split-type receiving sleeve. The two annular clamping components are fixedly connected by multiple flange connectors to clamp and fix the split-type receiving sleeve to the inner bearing frame, and the axial holes of the two annular clamping components are larger than the diameter of the nut seat.

[0016] Furthermore, the first directional elastic support group includes a plurality of first flexible springs arranged in parallel with each other, and the two ends of the first flexible springs are respectively fixedly connected to the fixed support frame and the outer floating frame.

[0017] The second directional elastic support group includes a plurality of second flexible springs arranged in parallel with each other. The two ends of the second flexible springs are fixedly connected to the outer floating frame and the inner bearing frame, respectively. The extension directions of the first flexible spring and the second flexible spring are perpendicular to each other. The first flexible spring group is used to allow the outer floating frame to generate elastic displacement along the first radial direction, and the second flexible spring group is used to allow the inner bearing frame to generate elastic displacement along the second radial direction perpendicular to the first radial direction.

[0018] Furthermore, the first directional elastic support group is disposed on the left and right sides of the outer floating frame to guide the outer floating frame to generate elastic displacement along the first direction, and the second directional elastic support group is disposed on the upper and lower sides of the inner bearing frame to guide the inner bearing frame to generate elastic displacement along the second direction perpendicular to the first direction.

[0019] Furthermore, floating limit adjustment components are respectively provided between the fixed support frame and the outer floating frame, and between the outer floating frame and the inner bearing frame, and are arranged opposite to each other along the corresponding floating direction. The floating limit adjustment component includes an adjustment screw threaded to the corresponding frame. The end of the floating limit adjustment component maintains a gap with the corresponding floating frame to limit the maximum displacement of the corresponding floating frame.

[0020] Furthermore, the fixed support frame is rigidly fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding top plate and rigidly connected to the slider installed on the linear guide rail.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention includes a floating nut transmission assembly. By providing an annular outer spherical surface on the outer periphery of the nut seat, which forms an adjustable spherical fit structure with the annular inner spherical groove within the split-type receiving sleeve, the transmission nut can compensate for angular deviations between the screw axis and the slide's direction of movement while maintaining its transmission relationship with the lead screw. This reduces the lateral constraint force caused by axial deviation in traditional rigid connection structures, improving the smoothness of the lead screw slide's operation. Furthermore, the above structure incorporates a circumferentially distributed preload support structure. A radial preload spring continuously applies an elastic force to the annular outer spherical surface, ensuring a stable fit between the annular outer spherical surface and the annular inner spherical groove. This reduces transmission errors caused by changes in the fit clearance, improving long-term operational stability.

[0022] 2. The present invention also includes an orthogonal floating mounting assembly. Through the combination structure of a fixed support frame, an outer floating frame and an inner bearing frame, and by utilizing a first direction elastic support group and a second direction elastic support group that are set perpendicular to each other, the floating nut transmission assembly can generate a small amount of compensation displacement in two mutually perpendicular directions. This releases the positional deviation between the lead screw, linear guide rail and sliding top plate caused by processing errors and assembly errors, and avoids motion stagnation and abnormal wear caused by over-positioning.

[0023] 3. At the same time, the floating nut transmission assembly and the orthogonal floating mounting assembly form a synergistic compensation relationship, and the two work together to achieve error isolation between the transmission system and the guiding system, thereby improving the motion accuracy and reliability of the slide table while maintaining the rigidity of the screw drive.

[0024] The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the orthogonal floating mounting assembly and sliding top plate assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the floating nut transmission assembly and the orthogonal floating mounting assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the orthogonal floating mounting assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of the floating nut transmission assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the nut seat and the split-type receiving sleeve of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the anti-rotation groove distribution structure of the present invention.

[0026] Numbering on the map: 1. Mounting platform; 2. Drive motor; 3. Lead screw; 4. Floating nut transmission assembly; 41. Transmission nut; 42. Nut seat; 421. Annular outer spherical part; 422. Radial anti-rotation pin; 43. Split-type receiving sleeve; 431. Annular inner spherical groove; 432. Pre-tightening support structure; 4321. Support gasket; 4322. Support seat; 4323. Radial pre-tightening spring; 433. Anti-rotation groove; 5. Orthogonal floating mounting assembly; 51. Fixed support frame; 52. Outer floating frame; 53. Inner bearing frame; 54. Clamping connection flange; 55. First direction elastic support group; 56. Second direction elastic support group; 57. Floating limit adjustment component; 6. Sliding top plate. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more comprehensive description of the present invention will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate several embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described in the text. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and complete.

[0028] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this document are for illustrative purposes only.

[0029] Please refer to the appendix carefully. Figure 1-8 A lead screw slide transmission structure includes a mounting platform 1, a drive motor 2, a lead screw 3, a floating nut transmission assembly 4, an orthogonal floating mounting assembly 5, and a sliding top plate 6.

[0030] The floating nut transmission assembly 4 includes a transmission nut 41 that mates with the lead screw 3, a nut seat 42 that is rigidly fixedly connected to the transmission nut 41 on the same axis, and a split-type receiving sleeve 43 that is sleeved on the outside of the nut seat 42. The nut seat 42 has an annular outer spherical surface 421 on its outer periphery. The split-type receiving sleeve 43 is composed of sleeves that are spliced ​​together and forms an annular inner spherical groove 431 that is clearance-fitted with the annular outer spherical surface 421. The split-type receiving sleeve 43 has multiple pre-tightening support structures 432 that are distributed circumferentially inside. The pre-tightening support structures 432 elastically abut against the annular outer spherical surface 421 to maintain the fit between the annular outer spherical surface 421 and the annular inner spherical groove 431.

[0031] The orthogonal floating mounting assembly 5 includes a fixed support frame 51, an outer floating frame 52 disposed within the fixed support frame 51, and an inner bearing frame 53 disposed within the outer floating frame 52. The split-type receiving sleeve 43 is installed on the inner bearing frame 53 through a clamping connecting flange 54.

[0032] A second-direction elastic support group 56 is provided between the inner load-bearing frame 53 and the outer floating frame 52, and a first-direction elastic support group 55 is provided between the outer floating frame 52 and the fixed support frame 51, which is perpendicular to the direction of the second-direction elastic support group 56.

[0033] See appendix Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the split-type receiving sleeve 43 includes a first sleeve and a second sleeve arranged symmetrically to each other. The splicing end faces of the first sleeve and the second sleeve are respectively provided with protrusions and grooves that can be inserted and matched with each other, so that the two sleeves can maintain radial positioning after splicing.

[0034] Specifically, during assembly, the present invention first rigidly connects the transmission nut 41 and the nut seat 42 coaxially and installs them with the lead screw 3, so that the transmission nut 41 can drive the nut seat 42 to move along the axial direction of the lead screw 3 during rotation.

[0035] When installing the split-type receiving sleeve 43, firstly, the first sleeve with the anti-rotation groove 433 is placed on the outside of the nut seat 42, so that the radial anti-rotation pin 422 extends into the anti-rotation groove 433, and ensures that the annular outer spherical part 421 is located in the annular inner spherical groove 431 corresponding to the first sleeve; then, the second sleeve is spliced ​​with the first sleeve, and the two sleeves are inserted and positioned by the protrusion and groove provided on the splicing end face of the two sleeves, so that the two sleeves are connected to form a complete split-type receiving sleeve 43, and the annular inner spherical groove 431 covers the outside of the annular outer spherical part 421.

[0036] See appendix Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the pre-tightening support structure 432 includes a support pad 4321, a support seat 4322 disposed on the outside of the support pad 4321, and a radial pre-tightening spring 4323 disposed between the support seat 4322 and the split-type receiving sleeve 43 for pushing the support seat 4322 to move radially along the annular outer spherical surface 421. The side of the support pad 4321 facing the annular outer spherical surface 421 is configured as a concave arc surface that matches the curvature of the annular outer spherical surface 421.

[0037] The pre-tightening support structure 432 is arranged at equal angles along the circumference of the split-type receiving sleeve 43, and the elastic action direction of each pre-tightening support structure 432 is towards the center of the annular outer spherical surface 421.

[0038] Specifically, since a space for angle compensation needs to be reserved between the outer spherical part 421 and the inner spherical groove 431, the spherical mating parts may experience gap changes due to machining errors, assembly clearances, or wear during long-term operation. By setting a pre-tightening support structure 432, the elastic compensation effect of the radial pre-tightening spring 4323 can be used to ensure that the support pad 4321 always fits against the outer spherical part 421, preventing wobbling between the nut seat 42 and the split-type receiving sleeve 43, while not affecting the nut seat 42's limited angle deflection along the outer spherical part 421.

[0039] Multiple pre-tightening support structures 432 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the split-type receiving sleeve 43, so that the pre-tightening force at each position remains basically consistent, thereby providing balanced support to the annular outer spherical surface 421 and avoiding the problem of nut seat 42 shifting or excessive local contact pressure on the spherical surface caused by unilateral force.

[0040] Through the above structure, the pre-tightening support structure 432 ensures a stable fit between the annular outer spherical surface 421 and the annular inner spherical groove 431, while enabling the spherical compensation structure to have both floating adjustment capability and stable load-bearing capability, thereby reducing transmission errors caused by fit clearance.

[0041] See appendix Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, a radial anti-rotation pin 422 is threaded onto the outer peripheral wall of the nut seat 42. An anti-rotation groove 433 is provided in the split-type receiving sleeve 43 corresponding to the radial anti-rotation pin 422. The radial anti-rotation pin 422 extends into the anti-rotation groove 433 to restrict the circumferential rotation of the nut seat 42 relative to the split-type receiving sleeve 43. This allows the nut seat 42 to undergo a slight angular deflection within the allowable range of the annular outer spherical surface 421 and the annular inner spherical groove 431. This deflection range is set according to the installation accuracy requirements of the lead screw slide table to release the angular deviation between the lead screw axis and the guide direction of the slide table.

[0042] The anti-rotation groove 433 is an arc-shaped relief groove extending along the swing direction of the annular outer spherical surface 421, and the groove width of the anti-rotation groove 433 is greater than the outer diameter of the radial anti-rotation pin 422, so that when the nut seat 42 deflects at an angle relative to the split type receiving sleeve 43, the radial anti-rotation pin 422 can move along the anti-rotation groove 433.

[0043] Specifically, when the nut seat 42 and the split receiving sleeve 43 are adjusted for spherical fit, the nut seat 42 needs to deflect at a limited angle relative to the annular inner spherical groove 431 along with the outer spherical part 421. Therefore, if a conventional straight groove structure is used, the radial anti-rotation pin 422 is easily squeezed by the groove wall during the deflection process, thus restricting the adjustment movement of the nut seat 42. To address this, the present invention sets the anti-rotation groove 433 as an arc-shaped clearance structure extending along the swing trajectory direction of the outer spherical part 421, so that the radial anti-rotation pin 422 can move relative to the extension direction of the anti-rotation groove 433 when the nut seat 42 undergoes angular deflection, thereby avoiding interference of the anti-rotation structure with the spherical compensation movement.

[0044] Meanwhile, by setting the width of the anti-rotation groove 433 to be greater than the outer diameter of the radial anti-rotation pin 422, a fitting clearance that allows for slight displacement is formed between the radial anti-rotation pin 422 and the anti-rotation groove 433. During transmission, the radial anti-rotation pin 422 can restrict the circumferential rotation of the nut seat 42 relative to the split-type receiving sleeve 43, so that the rotational motion of the transmission nut 41 can be reliably converted into linear motion along the axial direction of the lead screw 3. When there is an angular deviation between the motion reference of the lead screw 3 and the sliding top plate 6, the radial anti-rotation pin 422 can also make room along the arc-shaped anti-rotation groove 433, so that the nut seat 42 maintains the necessary angular compensation capability.

[0045] Through the above structure, the anti-rotation groove 433 has both circumferential limiting and deflection displacement functions. While ensuring reliable power transmission between the nut seat 42 and the split receiving sleeve 43, it avoids the problem of additional lateral constraints caused by the limitation of spherical adjustment by the traditional rigid anti-rotation structure, and improves the operating stability of the floating nut transmission assembly 4.

[0046] See appendix Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the clamping connection flange 54 includes two annular clamping components arranged opposite to each other. The two annular clamping components are respectively sleeved on the outside of the split-type receiving sleeve 43 and abut against both sides of the split-type receiving sleeve 43. The two annular clamping components are fixedly connected by multiple flange connectors to clamp and fix the split-type receiving sleeve 43 to the inner bearing frame 53, and the axial holes of the two annular clamping components are larger than the diameter of the nut seat 42.

[0047] Specifically, when installing the floating nut drive assembly 4 onto the orthogonal floating mounting assembly 5, the split-type receiving sleeve 43 is first positioned at the installation position of the inner bearing frame 53, and then the split-type receiving sleeve 43 is clamped and fixed using the clamping connecting flange 54. During installation, two annular clamping components are respectively arranged on both sides of the split-type receiving sleeve 43 and connected via flange connectors, so that the two annular clamping components clamp each other, thereby stably installing the split-type receiving sleeve 43 onto the inner bearing frame 53. Because the axial hole size of the clamping connecting flange 54 is larger than the outer diameter of the nut seat 42, after the split-type receiving sleeve 43 is fixed, the nut seat 42 can still maintain a limited angle adjustment capability relative to the split-type receiving sleeve 43, without incurring additional constraints due to the installation structure.

[0048] By using the above-mentioned clamping and installation method, a stable connection is formed between the split receiving sleeve 43 and the orthogonal floating installation assembly 5. At the same time, the traditional rigid fixed relationship between the nut seat 42 and the sliding top plate 6 is transformed into a floating connection relationship with compensation capability, so that the axial deviation of the lead screw 3 can be released through the floating nut transmission assembly 4 and the orthogonal floating installation assembly 5.

[0049] See appendix Figure 4 As shown, the first directional elastic support group 55 includes a plurality of first flexible springs arranged in parallel with each other, and the two ends of the first flexible springs are fixedly connected to the fixed support frame 51 and the outer floating frame 52, respectively.

[0050] The second directional elastic support group 56 includes a plurality of second flexible springs arranged in parallel with each other. The two ends of the second flexible springs are fixedly connected to the outer floating frame 52 and the inner bearing frame 53, respectively. The extension directions of the first flexible springs and the second flexible springs are perpendicular to each other. The first flexible spring group is used to allow the outer floating frame 52 to generate elastic displacement along the first radial direction and to jointly bear the radial force on the floating frame through the plurality of parallel flexible springs. The second flexible spring group is used to allow the inner bearing frame 53 to generate elastic displacement along the second radial direction perpendicular to the first radial direction.

[0051] The first directional elastic support group 55 is disposed on the left and right sides of the outer floating frame 52 to guide the outer floating frame 52 to generate elastic displacement along the first direction. The second directional elastic support group 56 is disposed on the upper and lower sides of the inner bearing frame 53 to guide the inner bearing frame 53 to generate elastic displacement along the second direction perpendicular to the first direction.

[0052] A floating limit adjustment component 57 is provided between the fixed support frame 51 and the outer floating frame 52, and between the outer floating frame 52 and the inner bearing frame 53, respectively, arranged relative to each other along the corresponding floating direction. The floating limit adjustment component 57 includes an adjustment screw threaded to the corresponding frame. The end of the floating limit adjustment component 57 maintains a gap with the corresponding floating frame to maintain a non-contact state within the normal floating range, and abuts against the corresponding floating frame when the floating displacement exceeds the preset range, thereby limiting the maximum displacement and preventing excessive deformation of the elastic support group.

[0053] Specifically, the first-direction elastic support group 55 and the second-direction elastic support group 56 are used to achieve elastic compensation in different directions, enabling the outer floating frame 52 and the inner bearing frame 53 to generate slight displacements in two mutually perpendicular directions within a plane perpendicular to the axis of the lead screw 3. This allows the split-type receiving sleeve 43 installed on the inner bearing frame 53 to adaptively adjust according to the positional deviation between the lead screw 3 and the sliding top plate 6. Simultaneously, the first-direction elastic support group 55 and the second-direction elastic support group 56 utilize their own elastic restoring force to restore the corresponding frames to their initial positions after the floating offset is eliminated.

[0054] Since the positional deviation in the lead screw slide usually includes offsets generated in different radial directions, if a single-direction floating structure is used, the same elastic connecting component needs to bear the displacement compensation in multiple directions simultaneously, which can easily cause interference between the floating directions. This embodiment uses an outer floating frame 52 and an inner bearing frame 53 arranged in layers, so that the first-direction elastic support group 55 and the second-direction elastic support group 56 respectively bear the compensation displacement in different directions, thereby achieving the independence of the compensation processes in the two directions.

[0055] The floating limit adjustment component 57 is used to limit the maximum floating range of the outer floating frame 52 and the inner bearing frame 53. Under normal working conditions, it maintains a gap with the corresponding floating frame and does not affect the floating compensation process. When the floating displacement exceeds the preset range, the floating limit adjustment component 57 contacts the corresponding floating frame to limit the continued displacement and avoid excessive deformation of the elastic support structure.

[0056] Through the above structure, the orthogonal floating mounting assembly 5 can maintain a rigid mounting base while compensating for the positional error between the transmission nut 41 and the sliding top plate 6, and improve the stability of the screw slide during operation.

[0057] In the aforementioned transmission process, the axial driving force generated by the lead screw 3 is not directly borne by the flexible support structure. Instead, it is transmitted sequentially through the transmission nut 41, nut seat 42, annular outer spherical part 421, split-type receiving sleeve 43, and clamping connecting flange 54 to the inner bearing frame 53. Then, it is transmitted through the second-direction elastic support group 56, the outer floating frame 52, and the fixed support frame 51 to the sliding top plate 6, causing the sliding top plate 6 to move along the linear guide rail direction. The spherical fit between the annular outer spherical part 421 and the annular inner spherical groove 431 is mainly used to release the angular deviation between the lead screw 3 and the sliding top plate 6's motion reference. The first-direction elastic support group 55 and the second-direction elastic support group 56 are mainly used to release the positional deviation perpendicular to the axis of the lead screw 3. This ensures reliable transmission of the axial driving force while providing multi-directional error compensation capability to the transmission system.

[0058] See appendix Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the fixed support frame 51 is rigidly fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding top plate 6 and rigidly connected to the slider installed on the linear guide rail.

[0059] Specifically, the fixed support frame 51 can move synchronously with the sliding top plate 6 along the direction defined by the linear guide rail. The outer floating frame 52 and the inner bearing frame 53 are respectively installed inside the fixed support frame 51 through the first direction elastic support group 55 and the second direction elastic support group 56, so that the fixed support frame 51 serves as the rigid installation reference of the orthogonal floating installation assembly 5, while avoiding excessive movement constraints on the inner bearing frame 53.

[0060] Through the above structure, the fixed support frame 51 maintains the rigid motion reference of the guide system, while the outer floating frame 52 and the inner bearing frame 53 can generate corresponding floating compensation according to the positional deviation between the lead screw 3 and the sliding top plate 6, thereby reducing the transmission resistance caused by installation error and processing error.

[0061] The specific operation process of this invention is as follows: During use, the drive motor 2 drives the lead screw 3 to rotate, causing the transmission nut 41 to move along the axial direction of the lead screw 3, and driving the nut seat 42, which is rigidly connected to the transmission nut 41, to move synchronously. Unlike the structure of a traditional lead screw slide where the nut seat 42 is directly fixed to the slide, in this invention, the nut seat 42 is not directly rigidly connected to the sliding top plate 6, but is installed below the sliding top plate 6 through a split-type receiving sleeve 43 and an orthogonal floating mounting assembly 5, so that an adjustable floating connection relationship is formed between the transmission component and the guide component.

[0062] When there is a positional deviation between the mounting axis of the lead screw 3 and the guiding motion direction of the sliding top plate 6 due to machining errors, assembly errors, or long-term operational deformation, the nut seat 42 can utilize the spherical fit relationship formed between the outer spherical part 421 and the inner spherical groove 431 to generate an angle adjustment within a limited range, so that the transmission nut 41 can adaptively compensate according to the actual axis state of the lead screw 3, reducing the lateral constraint force caused by axis deviation in the traditional rigid connection structure.

[0063] Meanwhile, when there is a radial positional deviation between the movement direction of the lead screw 3 and the sliding top plate 6, the first direction elastic support group 55 and the second direction elastic support group 56 in the orthogonal floating mounting assembly 5 guide the outer floating frame 52 and the inner bearing frame 53 to generate a small elastic displacement in two mutually perpendicular directions, so that the split-type receiving sleeve 43 installed on the inner bearing frame 53 can be adjusted according to the actual movement state of the nut seat 42, thereby avoiding the movement stagnation, accuracy reduction and wear increase caused by over-positioning between the nut seat 42, the guide rail slider and the slide table in the traditional lead screw slide table.

[0064] During the aforementioned motion compensation process, the pre-tightening support structure 432 continuously applies a radial elastic force to the annular outer spherical part 421, ensuring that the annular outer spherical part 421 and the annular inner spherical groove 431 remain stably fitted, reducing the impact of the spherical fit clearance on transmission accuracy. The engagement of the radial anti-rotation pin 422 and the anti-rotation groove 433 restricts the circumferential rotation of the nut seat 42 relative to the split-type receiving sleeve 43, while allowing it to deflect at a limited angle, ensuring that the floating adjustment function and the power transmission function are realized simultaneously.

[0065] When the floating displacement exceeds the preset range, the floating limit adjustment component 57, which is set between the fixed support frame 51 and the outer floating frame 52 and between the outer floating frame 52 and the inner bearing frame 53, restricts further displacement, avoids excessive elastic deformation of the first direction elastic support group 55 and the second direction elastic support group 56, and improves the reliability of the device in long-term operation.

[0066] The present invention has been described by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-described manner. Any non-substantial improvement made by adopting the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention to other occasions without modification, shall be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lead screw slide transmission structure, characterized in that, It includes a mounting platform (1), a drive motor (2), a lead screw (3), a floating nut transmission assembly (4), an orthogonal floating mounting assembly (5), and a sliding top plate (6); The floating nut transmission assembly (4) includes a transmission nut (41) that cooperates with the lead screw (3), a nut seat (42) that is rigidly fixedly connected to the transmission nut (41) on the same axis, and a split-type receiving sleeve (43) sleeved on the outside of the nut seat (42). The nut seat (42) has an annular outer spherical surface (421) on its outer periphery. The split-type receiving sleeve (43) is composed of sleeves that are spliced ​​together and forms an annular inner spherical groove (431) that is clearance-fitted with the annular outer spherical surface (421). The split-type receiving sleeve (43) has multiple pre-tightening support structures (432) distributed circumferentially inside. The pre-tightening support structures (432) elastically abut against the annular outer spherical surface (421) to maintain stable contact between the annular outer spherical surface (421) and the annular inner spherical groove (431) while allowing the nut seat (42) to deflect at a limited angle under the curved guiding action of the annular outer spherical surface (421). The orthogonal floating mounting assembly (5) includes a fixed support frame (51), an outer floating frame (52) disposed within the fixed support frame (51), and an inner bearing frame (53) disposed within the outer floating frame (52). The split-type receiving sleeve (43) is installed on the inner bearing frame (53) through a clamping connecting flange (54). A second-direction elastic support group (56) is provided between the inner bearing frame (53) and the outer floating frame (52), and a first-direction elastic support group (55) is provided between the outer floating frame (52) and the fixed support frame (51) and is perpendicular to the direction of the second-direction elastic support group (56), so that the split-type receiving sleeve (43) installed on the inner bearing frame (53) can generate a small amount of compensation displacement in two mutually perpendicular directions in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the screw (3).

2. The lead screw slide transmission structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The split-type receiving sleeve (43) includes a first sleeve and a second sleeve arranged symmetrically to each other. The splicing end faces of the first sleeve and the second sleeve are respectively provided with protrusions and grooves that can be inserted and matched with each other, so that the two sleeves can maintain radial positioning after splicing.

3. The lead screw slide transmission structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-tightening support structure (432) includes a support pad (4321), a support seat (4322) disposed on the outside of the support pad (4321), and a radial pre-tightening spring (4323) disposed between the support seat (4322) and the split-type receiving sleeve (43) for pushing the support seat (4322) to move radially along the annular outer spherical surface (421). The side of the support pad (4321) facing the annular outer spherical surface (421) is configured as a concave arc surface that matches the curvature of the annular outer spherical surface (421). The pre-tightening support structure (432) is arranged at equal angles along the circumferential direction of the split-type receiving sleeve (43), and the elastic action direction of each pre-tightening support structure (432) is towards the center of the annular outer spherical surface (421), so that the support pad (4321) forms a uniform pre-tightening support on the annular outer spherical surface (421), and allows the annular outer spherical surface (421) to produce a small amount of sliding adjustment along the curved surface direction of the annular inner spherical groove (431).

4. The lead screw slide transmission structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer peripheral wall of the nut seat (42) is threaded with a radial anti-rotation pin (422). The split-type receiving sleeve (43) has an anti-rotation groove (433) corresponding to the radial anti-rotation pin (422). The radial anti-rotation pin (422) extends into the anti-rotation groove (433) to restrict the circumferential rotation of the nut seat (42) relative to the split-type receiving sleeve (43), while allowing the nut seat (42) to deflect at a limited angle with the annular outer spherical surface (421).

5. The lead screw slide transmission structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The anti-rotation groove (433) is an arc-shaped clearance groove extending along the movement trajectory of the radial anti-rotation pin (422) when the outer spherical surface (421) of the annular surface (421) deflects at an angle relative to the inner spherical groove (431). The groove width of the anti-rotation groove (433) is greater than the outer diameter of the radial anti-rotation pin (422), so that when the nut seat (42) deflects at an angle relative to the split-type receiving sleeve (43), the radial anti-rotation pin (422) can move along the anti-rotation groove (433).

6. The lead screw slide transmission structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping connection flange (54) includes two annular clamping components arranged opposite to each other. The two annular clamping components are respectively sleeved on the outside of the split receiving sleeve (43) and abut against both sides of the split receiving sleeve (43). The two annular clamping components are fixedly connected by multiple flange connectors to clamp and fix the split receiving sleeve (43) to the inner bearing frame (53). The axial holes of the two annular clamping components are larger than the diameter of the nut seat (42).

7. The lead screw slide transmission structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first directional elastic support group (55) includes a plurality of first flexible springs arranged in parallel to each other, and the two ends of the first flexible springs are fixedly connected to the fixed support frame (51) and the outer floating frame (52) respectively. The second directional elastic support group (56) includes a plurality of second flexible springs arranged in parallel with each other. The two ends of the second flexible springs are fixedly connected to the outer floating frame (52) and the inner bearing frame (53) respectively. The extension directions of the first flexible spring and the second flexible spring are perpendicular to each other. The first flexible spring group is used to allow the outer floating frame (52) to generate elastic displacement along the first radial direction, and the second flexible spring group is used to allow the inner bearing frame (53) to generate elastic displacement along the second radial direction perpendicular to the first radial direction.

8. The lead screw slide transmission structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first directional elastic support group (55) is disposed on the left and right sides of the outer floating frame (52) to guide the outer floating frame (52) to generate elastic displacement along the first direction. The second directional elastic support group (56) is disposed on the upper and lower sides of the inner bearing frame (53) to guide the inner bearing frame (53) to generate elastic displacement along the second direction perpendicular to the first direction.

9. The lead screw slide transmission structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Floating limit adjustment members (57) are respectively provided between the fixed support frame (51) and the outer floating frame (52), and between the outer floating frame (52) and the inner bearing frame (53) and are arranged opposite to each other along the corresponding floating direction. The floating limit adjustment member (57) includes an adjustment screw threaded to the corresponding frame. The end of the floating limit adjustment member (57) maintains a gap with the corresponding floating frame to limit the maximum displacement of the corresponding floating frame.

10. The lead screw slide transmission structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed support frame (51) is rigidly fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding top plate (6) and rigidly connected to the slider installed on the linear guide rail.

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