A device for quickly detecting eccentricity of a space hole of a special-shaped part

Abstract

The patent relates to the technical field of machining detection tooling, in particular to a rapid detection device for eccentricity of a space hole of a special-shaped part, which comprises a base body, two positioning supports, a mandrel, a fixing assembly, a detection mandrel, a plug gauge, a mounting seat and a limiting assembly. The base body comprises a plane part and a protruding part. A workpiece to be measured is placed on the positioning supports. The upper end of the mandrel penetrates the inside of the workpiece to be measured. The fixing assembly fixes the workpiece to be measured and the mandrel. The plug gauge is mounted on the mounting seat. The detection mandrel penetrates the measured hole of the workpiece to be measured. The limiting assembly is mounted on the protruding part of the base body and is used for limiting the detection mandrel. The operator only needs to complete several basic actions of workpiece placement, locking and plug gauge rotation to complete the detection. The single-piece detection time is short. The device can be directly arranged beside a machine tool and a machining station to realize whole detection of the production line. The problems of complicated process of traditional precise detection equipment and on-site use are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining and inspection tooling technology, specifically a rapid detection device for the eccentricity of spatial holes in irregularly shaped parts. Background Technology

[0002] In the manufacturing and processing of ship components, there are a large number of irregularly shaped parts. These parts typically have multiple spatially distributed assembly holes, and the eccentricity between these holes is a key dimension for controlling the assembly accuracy and performance of the product. For regular parts with a simple hole layout, the industry has mature eccentricity detection methods such as calipers, dial indicators, and special gauges, which are simple and convenient to operate.

[0003] However, irregularly shaped parts have complex structures, lack regular reference surfaces, and have interspersed spatial holes, making it difficult for traditional measuring tools to accurately locate the measurement reference and directly complete the eccentricity detection. Currently, the industry mostly relies on high-precision professional testing equipment such as coordinate measuring machines and image measuring instruments for eccentricity detection of spatial holes in irregularly shaped parts. These precision equipment have high detection accuracy, but they have obvious application shortcomings: on the one hand, the equipment procurement and maintenance costs are high, and there are strict requirements for the use site, environmental temperature and humidity, and the professional skills of the operators, making it impossible to place them next to the production and processing station; on the other hand, the precision equipment testing process is cumbersome, with workpiece clamping, point acquisition, and data processing taking a long time, and is only suitable for first-piece sampling inspection, finished product re-inspection, and retesting of defective parts, and cannot meet the production needs of full-piece inspection on the production line.

[0004] Currently, some production workshops simplify the inspection process and use manual estimation to determine eccentricity in order to balance inspection and production efficiency. This method is highly subjective and prone to errors, easily resulting in defective products flowing into the next process. This not only increases the risk of subsequent assembly failures but also raises the cost of product rework and scrapping. As the production capacity of the shipbuilding component industry continues to increase, the market's requirements for processing efficiency and inspection accuracy of irregularly shaped parts are also rising. The existing inspection mode has severely restricted the production line's turnover speed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a rapid detection device for the eccentricity of spatial holes in irregularly shaped parts, so as to solve the problems of existing technologies that rely on precision equipment, have low detection efficiency, cannot perform full on-site inspection, and have high detection costs for detecting the eccentricity of spatial holes in irregularly shaped parts.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the basic solution of the present invention is as follows: A rapid detection device for the eccentricity of a spatial hole in an irregularly shaped part includes a base, two positioning supports, a mandrel, a fixing assembly, an inspection mandrel, a plug gauge, a mounting base, and a limiting assembly. The base includes a flat portion and a protruding portion. The two positioning supports are detachably connected to the flat portion, and the mandrel is detachably connected to the flat portion and located between the two positioning supports. The workpiece to be tested is placed on the positioning supports, and the upper end of the mandrel passes through the interior of the workpiece to be tested. The fixing assembly fixes the workpiece to be tested to the mandrel. The mounting base is mounted on the protruding portion, and the plug gauge is mounted on the mounting base. The inspection mandrel passes through the measured hole of the workpiece to be tested. The workpiece to be tested is rotated so that the central axis of the inspection mandrel is parallel to the central axis of the plug gauge and located on the same horizontal line. The limiting assembly is mounted on the protruding portion of the base and is used to limit the inspection mandrel.

[0007] Furthermore, the fixing assembly includes an eccentric shaft, a locking rod, a spring sleeve, and a rotating handle. The eccentric shaft is rotatably connected to the base directly below the spindle. The top end of the locking rod passes through the spindle and is fixed to the spring sleeve. The lower end of the locking rod is rotatably connected to the eccentric shaft. The top surface of the spindle is provided with a conical surface that matches the spring sleeve. The rotating handle is fixedly connected to the eccentric shaft for driving the eccentric shaft to rotate.

[0008] Furthermore, the limiting component is a positioning pin, and the protrusion of the base is provided with a mounting hole. The positioning pin is installed in the mounting hole, and the end of the positioning pin abuts against the detection mandrel.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a washer and a first mounting nut. The lower part of the base is hollow, the lower part of the mandrel is stepped, and the outer side of the lowest end of the mandrel is threaded. The lower end of the mandrel passes through the base and is threadedly connected to the first mounting nut. The washer is located between the first mounting nut and the base.

[0010] Furthermore, the fixing assembly also includes a second mounting nut, and the top of the locking rod is threaded on the outer side, with the top of the locking rod passing through the spindle and spring clip and then threadedly connected to the second mounting nut.

[0011] Furthermore, the mounting base includes a bushing and a positioning screw. The protruding part of the base is provided with a sleeve. The bushing is installed inside the sleeve. The bushing and the sleeve are provided with a threaded hole on their sides. The positioning screw is threaded into the threaded hole. The end of the plug gauge is provided with a positioning groove. The positioning screw is pressed against the positioning groove.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this solution are: (1) This solution is a special mechanical inspection tooling with a compact structure and simple operation steps. It does not require professional inspection skills and complex debugging. Operators only need to complete a few basic actions such as placing the workpiece, locking it, and rotating the plug gauge to complete the inspection. The inspection time for a single piece is short. It can be directly arranged next to the machine tool and processing station to realize the full inspection of each piece on the production line. It solves the problem that traditional precision inspection equipment has a complicated process and cannot be used on site, effectively improving the turnover efficiency of the entire production line.

[0013] (2) The whole solution is composed of mechanical standard parts and general castings, and the manufacturing cost is much lower than that of precision testing equipment such as coordinate measuring machine and image instrument. At the same time, the core vulnerable parts such as positioning support, bushing and positioning pin are all detachable structures. After the parts are worn, they can be replaced individually. The maintenance difficulty is low, the replacement cost of parts is low, the overall service life of the device is long, and it is suitable for long-term large-scale production and use.

[0014] (3) This scheme uses mechanical reference positioning, unifies the workpiece placement height through positioning support, and completes the circumferential positioning of the workpiece by relying on positioning pin. The spring clip and the conical surface at the top of the mandrel can firmly fix the workpiece, avoiding the workpiece displacement during the inspection process and causing inspection errors. The plug gauge adopts a standard go and stop end structure, and the judgment standard is unified and objective, avoiding the subjective error caused by manual estimation. The inspection results are stable and reliable, and can strictly control the product processing quality. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the substrate in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a partial schematic diagram of the workpiece to be tested in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: base 1, positioning support 2, spindle 3, washer 4, first mounting nut 5, inspection spindle 6, plug gauge 7, eccentric shaft 8, locking rod 9, spring sleeve 10, second mounting nut 11, rotating handle 12, bushing 13, positioning screw 14, positioning pin 15. Example

[0018] The basics are as follows: Figure 1 As shown: A rapid detection device for the eccentricity of a spatial hole in an irregularly shaped part includes a base 1, two positioning supports 2, a mandrel 3, a washer 4, a first mounting nut 5, a fixing assembly, an inspection mandrel 6, a plug gauge 7, a mounting base, and a limiting assembly. The base 1 includes a flat portion and a protruding portion. The two positioning supports 2 are detachably connected to the flat portion. The lower part of the base 1 is hollow, and the lower part of the mandrel 3 is stepped, with a thread on the outer side of the lowest end of the mandrel 3. The lower end of the mandrel 3 passes through the base 1 and is threadedly connected to the first mounting nut 5. The washer 4 is located between the first mounting nut 5 and the base 1, and the mandrel 3 is located between the two positioning supports 2. The workpiece to be tested is placed... On the positioning support, the upper end of the mandrel 3 passes through the interior of the workpiece to be measured. The fixing assembly fixes the workpiece to be measured to the mandrel 3. The fixing assembly includes an eccentric shaft 8, a locking rod 9, a spring clip 10, a second mounting nut 11, and a rotating handle 12. The eccentric shaft 8 is rotatably connected to the base 1 directly below the mandrel 3. The top outer side of the locking rod 9 is threaded. The top of the locking rod 9 passes through the mandrel 3 and the spring clip 10 and is threadedly connected to the second mounting nut 11. The lower end of the locking rod 9 is rotatably connected to the eccentric shaft 8. The top surface of the mandrel 3 is provided with a conical surface that matches the spring clip 10. The rotating handle 12 is fixedly connected to the eccentric shaft 8 to drive the eccentric shaft 8 to rotate. The mounting base includes a bushing 13 and a positioning screw 14. The protruding part of the base 1 is provided with a sleeve. The bushing 13 is installed in the sleeve. The bushing 13 and the sleeve are provided with threaded holes on their sides. The positioning screw 14 is threadedly connected in the threaded hole. The end of the plug gauge 7 is provided with a positioning groove. The positioning screw 14 is pressed against the positioning groove. The testing mandrel 3 passes through the test hole of the workpiece to be tested. The workpiece to be tested is rotated so that the central axis of the testing mandrel 3 is parallel to the central axis of the plug gauge 7 and is on the same horizontal line. The limiting component is installed on the protrusion of the base 1 to limit the testing mandrel 3. The limiting component is a positioning pin 15. The protrusion of the base 1 is provided with a mounting hole. The positioning pin 15 is installed in the mounting hole and the end of the positioning pin 15 abuts against the testing mandrel 3.

[0019] The specific implementation process is as follows: During operation, the workpiece to be tested is placed on the positioning support 2, and the inspection mandrel 6 is inserted into one of the test space holes of the workpiece; the workpiece is rotated so that the side wall of the inspection mandrel 6 is tightly against the end face of the positioning pin 15, thus completing the circumferential positioning of the workpiece. Rotating the rotating handle 12 drives the eccentric shaft 8 to rotate, the eccentric section of the eccentric shaft 8 moves down and pulls the locking rod 9 down as a whole, the locking rod 9 drives the spring sleeve 10 to move downward, the spring sleeve 10 is squeezed outward by the conical surface of the top surface of the mandrel 3 and tightens the workpiece to achieve locking and fixation.

[0020] H represents the distance between the two measured holes. L1 is the actual distance between the centerline of plug gauge 7 and one of the measured holes. L2 is the go end dimension of plug gauge 7, L3 is the no-go end dimension of plug gauge 7, and L4 is the actual distance between the end face of locating pin 15 and one of the measured holes. L2 and L3 need to be determined based on the actual values ​​of L1 and L4. Manually rotate plug gauge 7, sequentially switching the orientation of the go end and no-go end of plug gauge 7 toward the inspection mandrel 6. If the go end of plug gauge 7 can pass smoothly through the inspection mandrel 6, but the no-go end cannot, then the eccentricity dimension of the workpiece's spatial hole is deemed acceptable.

[0021] After the inspection is completed, rotate the ball handle in the opposite direction so that the eccentric section of the eccentric shaft 8 faces upward. The locking rod 9 releases the downward force, and the spring sleeve 10 springs back and contracts, releasing the workpiece. Remove the inspection mandrel 6 and the workpiece, and the inspection operation for the next workpiece can begin.

[0022] If the positioning support 2, bushing 13, and positioning pin 15 show wear or damage after long-term use, the corresponding parts can be directly disassembled and replaced individually without disassembling the entire device, making maintenance simple and convenient.

[0023] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0024] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention. Commonly known structures and characteristics are not described in detail here. Those skilled in the art are aware of all common technical knowledge in the field prior to the application date or priority date, are aware of all existing technologies in that field, and have the ability to apply conventional experimental methods prior to that date. Those skilled in the art can, under the guidance of this application, improve and implement this solution in combination with their own capabilities. Some typical known structures or methods should not be obstacles for those skilled in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention. These should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A rapid detection device for the eccentricity of a spatial hole in an irregularly shaped part, characterized in that: The device includes a base, two positioning supports, a mandrel, a fixing assembly, an inspection mandrel, a plug gauge, a mounting base, and a limiting assembly. The base includes a flat portion and a raised portion. The two positioning supports are detachably connected to the flat portion, and the mandrel is detachably connected to the flat portion and located between the two positioning supports. The workpiece to be tested is placed on the positioning supports, and the upper end of the mandrel passes through the interior of the workpiece. The fixing assembly fixes the workpiece to be tested to the mandrel. The mounting base is mounted on the raised portion, and the plug gauge is mounted on the mounting base. The inspection mandrel passes through the test hole of the workpiece. The workpiece is rotated so that the central axis of the inspection mandrel is parallel to the central axis of the plug gauge and located on the same horizontal line. The limiting assembly is mounted on the raised portion of the base and is used to limit the inspection mandrel.

2. The device for rapid detection of eccentricity of spatial holes in irregularly shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing assembly includes an eccentric shaft, a locking rod, a spring sleeve, and a rotating handle. The eccentric shaft is rotatably connected to the base directly below the spindle. The top end of the locking rod passes through the spindle and is fixed to the spring sleeve. The lower end of the locking rod is rotatably connected to the eccentric shaft. The top surface of the spindle is provided with a conical surface that matches the spring sleeve. The rotating handle is fixedly connected to the eccentric shaft for driving the eccentric shaft to rotate.

3. The device for rapid detection of eccentricity of spatial holes in irregularly shaped parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting component is a positioning pin. The protrusion of the base is provided with a mounting hole. The positioning pin is installed in the mounting hole, and the end of the positioning pin abuts against the detection mandrel.

4. The device for rapid detection of eccentricity of spatial holes in irregularly shaped parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a washer and a first mounting nut. The lower part of the base is hollow, the lower part of the mandrel is stepped, and the outer side of the lowest end of the mandrel is threaded. The lower end of the mandrel passes through the base and is threadedly connected to the first mounting nut. The washer is located between the first mounting nut and the base.

5. The device for rapid detection of eccentricity of spatial holes in irregularly shaped parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing assembly also includes a second mounting nut, and the top of the locking rod is threaded on the outer side. The top of the locking rod passes through the spindle and the spring clip and is threadedly connected to the second mounting nut.

6. The device for rapid detection of eccentricity of spatial holes in irregularly shaped parts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mounting base includes a bushing and a positioning screw. The protruding part of the base is provided with a sleeve. The bushing is installed inside the sleeve. The bushing and the sleeve are provided with a threaded hole on their sides. The positioning screw is threaded into the threaded hole. The end of the plug gauge is provided with a positioning groove. The positioning screw is pressed against the positioning groove.

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