A multiphase flow water cut metering device for a choke valve

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of multiphase flow moisture content metering device for throttle valve, belong to flow metering technical field, device includes: valve body, throttle component and moisture content sensing component;Throttle component is set in the flow passage of valve body, its valve seat and valve core cooperate and form the throttle throat portion with adjustable through-flow area;Moisture content sensing component includes measuring cavity and moisture content sensor built-in in measuring cavity, measuring cavity is set in valve body and is communicated with flow passage, and the sensing surface of moisture content sensor is towards throttle throat portion, to expose in the high-speed mixed fluid formed after flowing through throttle throat portion.By integrating moisture content sensor in throttle valve interior and making its sensing surface directly exposed to flow field, the gas-liquid mixing effect generated by throttling process is converted into homogenization measurement environment that is beneficial to moisture content detection, the integration of throttling regulation and moisture content metering is realized, compact structure, high measurement precision, strong anti-flow type interference ability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of flow metering technology, specifically relating to a multiphase flow moisture content metering device for use with a throttling valve. Background Technology

[0002] In the development and production of oil and gas fields, throttle valves, as key wellhead control devices, play a crucial role in regulating the flow rate of produced fluids and maintaining wellhead back pressure. Water cut, as a core indicator for measuring the production status of oil wells, directly relates to the assessment of oilfield development benefits and the adjustment of production strategies. Accurate and real-time acquisition of water cut information in oil well produced fluids not only helps in determining the degree of reservoir activation but also serves as the basis for formulating reasonable development plans and selecting optimal production-enhancing measures.

[0003] Traditional throttle valves, in terms of structure and function, focus solely on the throttling and regulation of fluids, lacking the capability to detect fluid components. In oilfield production, obtaining the water content information of the produced fluid flowing through the throttle valve typically requires connecting a water content meter in series upstream or downstream of the valve to calculate the water content of the oil-water mixture flowing through the measurement section. Because the throttling and regulation functions are independently set up, the following problems arise in practical applications: First, the independently set water content meter occupies additional pipe space. For space-constrained applications such as offshore platforms and downhole tools, adding a separate instrument means increasing pipe length, connecting flanges, and mounting brackets, increasing equipment procurement and installation costs, as well as potential leakage points and maintenance workload. Second, the pressure drop effect generated during the operation of the throttle valve causes the fluid to undergo an accelerated decompression process as it passes through its throttling section. The gas-liquid two-phase flow transforms from laminar or slug flow into a highly turbulent dispersed flow pattern, making the internal phase distribution of the fluid more complex and unstable. Under this operating condition, the moisture content sensor located downstream of the throttle valve is in a heterogeneous flow field environment, which makes it difficult for the fluid phase composition in contact with the sensor's sensing surface to remain stable, resulting in a large error in the measurement signal and making it difficult to meet the requirements of production control for the accuracy of moisture content measurement.

[0004] Existing technologies generally consider the throttling process to be a detrimental factor to moisture content measurement. Therefore, there is a tendency to install moisture content sensors far from the throttling valve to avoid the heterogeneous flow field region near the throttling throat, thus enabling moisture content detection under relatively stable flow conditions. However, the gas-liquid accelerated mixing effect generated by the throttling process itself transforms the originally stratified or slug-like gas-liquid two-phase flow into a highly dispersed homogenized mixture, creating an ideal measurement environment for accurate moisture content measurement. However, because the moisture content measuring instrument and the throttling valve are spatially separated, the unique fluid characteristics of the throttling valve not only fail to serve the goal of moisture content detection but also become a detrimental factor interfering with the measurement accuracy of downstream sensors. This has resulted in the long-standing failure in the field to overcome the technical pattern of spatial separation and functional independence between the throttling valve and the moisture content measuring instrument. Consequently, the homogenizing mixing effect of the throttling process has consistently failed to improve the accuracy of moisture content measurement, instead constituting an objective obstacle to the technological development of this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the technical problem in existing technologies where the throttling valve and moisture content metering instrument are separately installed, resulting in the inability to directly utilize the gas-liquid homogenization flow field generated during the throttling process and interfering with the accuracy of downstream moisture content measurement, this invention provides a multiphase flow moisture content metering device for a throttling valve. The technical problem to be solved by this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: This invention provides a multiphase flow moisture content metering device for a throttling valve, comprising: a valve body, a throttling component, and a moisture content sensing component; The valve body has a flow channel for fluid to pass through; the throttling component is disposed in the flow channel of the valve body, the throttling component includes a valve seat and a valve core, the valve seat and the valve core cooperate to form a throttling throat with adjustable flow area, the throttling throat is used to throttle the flow of fluid; The moisture content sensing component includes a measuring chamber and a moisture content sensor built into the measuring chamber. The measuring chamber is located inside the valve body and communicates with the flow channel. The sensing surface of the moisture content sensor is configured to face the throttling throat so that the sensing surface is exposed to the high-speed mixed fluid formed after flowing through the throttling throat.

[0006] Optionally, the measuring chamber is disposed inside the valve body and located downstream of the throttling throat. The axis of the measuring chamber coincides with the flow channel axis of the valve body, and the inner diameter of the measuring chamber is larger than the equivalent diameter of the throttling throat, so as to form an expanded diameter section downstream of the throttling throat. The moisture content sensor is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the measuring chamber, and its installation position is located on the side facing the outlet area of ​​the throttling throat; wherein, the sensing surface of the moisture content sensor faces the outlet area of ​​the throttling throat, so that the sensing surface directly contacts the fluid in the diffusion path of the high-speed mixed fluid ejected from the throttling throat.

[0007] Optionally, a recessed mounting groove is formed on the inner wall surface of the measuring cavity, and the moisture content sensor is embedded in the mounting groove; wherein, the sensing surface of the moisture content sensor is flush with the inner wall surface of the measuring cavity.

[0008] Optionally, the moisture content sensor is any one of a microwave resonant cavity sensor, a capacitor plate sensor, or a conductivity electrode probe sensor; When the moisture content sensor is a microwave resonant cavity sensor, it includes a resonant cavity, a microwave antenna disposed inside the resonant cavity, and an electrical signal lead wire electrically connected to the microwave antenna. The resonant cavity is fixedly sealed to the inner wall of the measuring cavity, and the radiating end face of the microwave antenna faces the throttling throat and extends into the fluid channel of the measuring cavity. When the moisture content sensor is a capacitive plate sensor, it includes an insulating support frame, a pair of capacitive plates disposed on the insulating support frame, and an electrical signal lead wire electrically connected to the capacitive plates. The pair of capacitive plates are disposed parallel to each other in the fluid channel of the measuring cavity, and the plate surfaces of the capacitive plates face the throttling throat. When the moisture content sensor is a conductivity electrode probe sensor, it includes an insulating probe body, a measuring electrode disposed at the front end of the insulating probe body, and an electrical signal lead wire electrically connected to the measuring electrode. The measuring electrode protrudes from the front end of the insulating probe body and is directly exposed to the high-speed mixed fluid flowing through the throttling throat.

[0009] Optionally, the moisture content sensing component further includes a signal lead channel, which is disposed on the side wall of the valve body and extends radially along the valve body; The electrical signal lead is passed through the signal lead channel, and the moisture content sensor is electrically connected to the processing unit located outside the valve body through the electrical signal lead. The signal lead channel is provided with a sealing structure, which includes a ceramic insulating sleeve and a metal sealing sleeve. The ceramic insulating sleeve is sleeved outside the electrical signal lead to achieve electrical insulation, and the metal sealing sleeve is pressed against the outside of the ceramic insulating sleeve to achieve fluid sealing.

[0010] Optionally, the multiphase flow moisture content metering device for the throttling valve further includes a processing unit disposed outside the valve body. The processing unit includes a signal conditioning module, a data acquisition module, and a microprocessor. The signal conditioning module is electrically connected to the electrical signal lead and is used to amplify, filter, and impedance match the electrical signal output by the moisture content sensor sequentially. The data acquisition module is connected to the signal conditioning module and is used to convert the analog signal output by the signal conditioning module into a digital signal. The microprocessor is connected to the data acquisition module and is used to perform calculations on the digital signal according to a preset moisture content calculation model, outputting a real-time moisture content value. The processing unit also includes a communication module connected to the microprocessor and is used to transmit the real-time moisture content value to an external host computer via wired or wireless means.

[0011] Optionally, the multiphase flow moisture content metering device for the throttle valve further includes a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor; The temperature sensor is located at the inlet or outlet of the measuring chamber and is used to measure the temperature of the fluid flowing through it; the pressure sensor is located upstream and / or downstream of the throttling throat and is used to measure the pressure of the fluid flowing through it. The processing unit is electrically connected to the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor respectively, and the microprocessor is configured to perform temperature and pressure compensation on the real-time moisture content value based on the temperature and pressure values ​​measured by the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor.

[0012] Optionally, the inner wall of the measuring chamber is provided with an anti-corrosion coating, which is any one of tungsten carbide coating, alumina coating or polytetrafluoroethylene coating; the valve body is provided with an installation interface for installing the moisture content sensing component, which is a flange connection structure or a threaded connection structure, and is provided with a seal to ensure fluid sealing performance.

[0013] Optionally, the measuring chamber is provided with a drainage structure for removing free water from the measuring chamber. The drainage structure includes a drain outlet located at the bottom of the measuring chamber and a drain pipe connected to the drain outlet. The drain pipe is provided with a valve for controlling the drainage flow rate.

[0014] Optionally, when the moisture content sensor is a microwave resonant cavity sensor, the expression for the moisture content calculation model is: ; in, This is the real-time moisture content value; This refers to the measured microwave resonant frequency offset. The resonant frequency offset calibrated for the pure oil phase; The resonant frequency offset calibrated for the pure water phase; When the moisture content sensor is a capacitive electrode sensor, the expression for the moisture content calculation model is: ; in, To measure the capacitance value; The capacitance value calibrated for the pure oil phase; The capacitance value calibrated for the pure aqueous phase; The fluid conductivity; This is the conductivity correction factor.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The multiphase flow moisture content metering device for a throttling valve of the present invention directly integrates the moisture content sensing component into the valve body of the throttling valve, with the sensing surface of the moisture content sensor facing the throttling throat. This exposes the sensor directly to the high-speed mixing flow field generated during the throttling process, transforming the gas-liquid dispersion flow field that would otherwise interfere with downstream measurement accuracy into a homogenized measurement environment conducive to moisture content detection. This suppresses the interference of upstream flow pattern changes on the measurement results, improving the accuracy and stability of moisture content measurement. Furthermore, by integrating the moisture content sensing component with the throttling valve, the throttling regulation function and the moisture content metering function are spatially integrated, eliminating the need for a separate moisture content metering instrument connected in series in the pipeline. This reduces the requirements for pipeline length and installation space, thereby lowering equipment costs and potential leakage risks, and enabling in-situ real-time measurement of moisture content.

[0016] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multiphase flow moisture content metering device for a throttle valve provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multiphase flow moisture content metering device for a throttle valve provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is provided by the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the local structure at point I; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the multiphase flow moisture content metering device for a throttle valve provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5This is a schematic block diagram of the processing unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Reference numerals: 1-Valve body; 11-Flow channel; 2-Throttling assembly; 21-Valve seat; 22-Valve core; 23-Throttling throat; 3-Moisture content sensing assembly; 31-Measuring chamber; 32-Moisture content sensor; 4-Processing unit; 41-Signal conditioning module; 42-Data acquisition module; 43-Microprocessor; 44-Communication module; 5-Temperature sensor; 6-Pressure sensor; 7-Drive device. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the intended purpose, the following describes in detail a multiphase flow moisture content metering device for a throttle valve according to the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] The foregoing and other technical contents, features, and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the following detailed description of specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Through the description of the specific embodiments, a more in-depth and concrete understanding can be gained of the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve its intended purpose. However, the accompanying drawings are for reference and illustration only and are not intended to limit the technical solutions of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 5 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, a multiphase flow moisture content metering device for a throttling valve is provided, including a valve body 1, a throttling component 2, and a moisture content sensing component 3. The valve body 1 has a flow channel 11 for fluid to pass through. The throttling component 2 is disposed in the flow channel 11 of the valve body 1. The throttling component 2 includes a valve seat 21 and a valve core 22. The valve seat 21 and the valve core 22 cooperate to form a throttling throat 23 with an adjustable flow area. The throttling throat 23 is used to throttle the fluid flowing through it. The moisture content sensing component 3 includes a measuring chamber 31 and a moisture content sensor 32 built into the measuring chamber 31. The measuring chamber 31 is disposed in the valve body 1 and communicates with the flow channel 11. The sensing surface of the moisture content sensor 32 is configured to face the throttling throat 23 so that the sensing surface of the moisture content sensor 32 is exposed to the high-speed mixed fluid formed after flowing through the throttling throat 23.

[0022] By directly integrating the moisture content sensing component 3 into the valve body 1 of the throttle valve, and positioning the sensing surface of the moisture content sensor 32 facing the throttle throat 23 and directly exposing it to the high-speed mixing flow field generated during the throttle process, the gas-liquid dispersion flow field that originally interfered with the downstream measurement accuracy is transformed into a homogenized measurement environment conducive to moisture content detection. This suppresses the interference of upstream flow pattern changes on the measurement results, significantly improving the accuracy and stability of moisture content measurement. Simultaneously, by integrating the moisture content sensing component 3 with the throttle valve, the throttle regulation function and the moisture content measurement function are spatially integrated, eliminating the need for a separate moisture content metering instrument connected in series on the pipeline. This reduces the requirements for pipeline length and installation space, thereby lowering equipment costs and potential leakage risks.

[0023] The valve body 1 is fixedly connected to the upstream and downstream pipelines at both ends via flange connections. An axial flow channel 11 is formed inside the valve body 1, with the axis of the flow channel 11 coinciding with the axis of the entire device. A throttling assembly 2 is located in the middle of the flow channel 11 within the valve body 1. The throttling assembly 2 includes a valve seat 21 and a valve core 22. The valve seat 21 is an annular structure, fixedly installed on the inner wall of the valve body 1 by bolts. The inner wall of the valve body 1 and the outer wall of the valve core 22 cooperate to form a throttling throat 23. The valve core 22 is a cylindrical structure, with a valve stem fixedly connected to one end and the other end extending towards the valve seat 21 to form a conical valve head. The valve stem is connected to a driving device 7. When the driving device 7 drives the valve stem to move axially, the valve core 22 moves synchronously, thereby changing the gap between the valve core 22 and the valve seat 21, i.e., changing the flow area of ​​the throttling throat 23, thus achieving the function of regulating the flow rate of the fluid. For example, the drive device 7 can be one of an electric actuator, a pneumatic actuator, or a manual drive handle. In this embodiment, an electric actuator is preferred, which drives the valve core 22 to precisely adjust the opening degree by receiving an external control signal.

[0024] In one embodiment, the measuring cavity 31 is disposed inside the valve body 1 and located downstream of the throttle throat 23. The axis of the measuring cavity 31 coincides with the axis of the flow channel 11 of the valve body 1, and the inner diameter of the measuring cavity 31 is larger than the equivalent diameter of the throttle throat 23, so as to form an expanded diameter section downstream of the throttle throat 23.

[0025] By configuring the measuring chamber 31 as an expanded section coaxial with the flow channel 11, the high-speed mixed fluid flowing through the throttling throat 23 slows down and stabilizes after entering the measuring chamber 31, providing a stable measuring environment for the moisture content sensor 32. Simultaneously, the expanded section also allows the gas-liquid two-phase fluid to mix thoroughly and uniformly within the measuring area, improving the accuracy of moisture content measurement.

[0026] The measuring chamber 31 is a cylindrical cavity, and its inner diameter is preferably 1.5 to 2.5 times the equivalent diameter of the throttling throat 23. The end of the measuring chamber 31 is connected to the inner wall of the valve body 1 through a sealing structure. The sealing structure adopts a combination of O-rings and metal gaskets to ensure that no fluid leakage occurs under high pressure conditions. When the gas-liquid two-phase mixture passes through the throttling throat 23, due to the acceleration and pressure reduction effects of throttling, the gas and liquid phases form a highly dispersed turbulent mixing state downstream of the throttling throat 23. The moisture content sensor 32 directly measures the gas-liquid mixture that has undergone throttling and homogenization treatment, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of moisture content measurement.

[0027] In one embodiment, the moisture content sensor 32 is any one of a microwave resonant cavity sensor, a capacitive plate sensor, or a conductivity electrode probe sensor. It is understood that different types of moisture content sensors 32 have their own applicable moisture content ranges, and those skilled in the art can select the appropriate sensor type according to the specific application scenario and operating conditions.

[0028] In one specific embodiment, when the moisture content sensor 32 is a microwave resonant cavity sensor, it includes a resonant cavity, a microwave antenna disposed inside the resonant cavity, and an electrical signal lead wire electrically connected to the microwave antenna. The resonant cavity is fixedly sealed on the inner wall surface of the measuring cavity 31, and the radiating end face of the microwave antenna faces the throttling throat 23 and extends into the fluid channel of the measuring cavity 31.

[0029] The microwave resonant cavity sensor uses the relationship between the microwave resonant frequency offset and the dielectric constant of the fluid to measure the water content. The radiating end face of its microwave antenna faces the throttling throat 23 and extends into the fluid channel, enabling the microwave antenna to directly detect the gas-liquid mixture that has undergone throttling and homogenization treatment.

[0030] The resonant cavity can be a cylindrical resonant cavity, with its inner wall polished to ensure microwave reflection performance. The cavity material is stainless steel with silver plating to improve conductivity. The resonant cavity is fixed and sealed to the top inner wall of the measurement cavity 31 by welding. After welding, helium mass spectrometry leak testing is performed to ensure that the welded area meets vacuum sealing requirements. The microwave antenna is a coaxial probe antenna, with its other end connected to the electrical signal lead-out line via a feed structure. The resonant cavity also contains a dielectric support component made of low-loss dielectric material, used to support and fix the microwave antenna. The dielectric support component can be made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) due to its low dielectric constant and small loss factor, which has negligible impact on microwave signal transmission.

[0031] In another specific embodiment, when the moisture content sensor 32 is a capacitive plate sensor, it includes an insulating support frame, a pair of capacitive plates disposed on the insulating support frame, and an electrical signal lead wire electrically connected to the capacitive plates. The pair of capacitive plates are disposed in parallel within the fluid channel of the measuring cavity 31, and the plate surfaces of the capacitive plates face the throttle throat 23.

[0032] The capacitive plate sensor measures water content by utilizing the change in capacitance caused by the change in the dielectric constant of the fluid. The plate surface of its capacitor plate faces the throttling throat 23, allowing the capacitor plate to directly detect the high-speed mixed fluid from the throttling throat 23.

[0033] The insulating support frame, made of ceramic, is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the measuring cavity 31. A pair of capacitor plates are arranged parallel to each other within the fluid channel of the measuring cavity 31, with a preferred spacing of 2mm to 5mm, determined based on the dielectric constant range of the fluid being measured. A shielding layer, made of thin metal sheet, is provided on the outer side of the capacitor plates to shield against external electromagnetic interference. The electrical signal lead-out line uses a coaxial cable structure, with its inner conductor connected to the capacitor plates and its outer conductor connected to the shielding layer.

[0034] In another specific embodiment, when the moisture content sensor 32 is a conductivity electrode probe sensor, it includes an insulating probe body, a measuring electrode disposed at the front end of the insulating probe body, and an electrical signal lead wire electrically connected to the measuring electrode. The measuring electrode protrudes from the front end of the insulating probe body and is directly exposed to the high-speed mixed fluid flowing through the throttling throat 23.

[0035] The conductivity electrode probe sensor uses the relationship between fluid conductivity and water content for measurement. Its measuring electrode protrudes from the front end of the insulating probe body and is directly exposed to the high-speed mixed fluid, ensuring full contact between the electrode and the fluid and improving the measurement response speed.

[0036] The insulating probe body can be a slender cylindrical structure, made of stainless steel or titanium alloy, preferably titanium alloy to improve corrosion resistance. A measuring electrode is located at the front end of the insulating probe body, and an auxiliary electrode is located at the rear end of the insulating probe body, maintaining a fixed distance from the measuring electrode, preferably 10mm to 20mm. The measuring electrode and the auxiliary electrode are connected to an external conductivity measurement circuit via electrical signal leads.

[0037] In one embodiment, the moisture content sensing component 3 further includes a signal lead channel, which is disposed on the side wall of the valve body 1 or inside the valve core 22, and extends radially along the valve body 1 or axially along the valve core 22. An electrical signal lead is passed through the signal lead channel, and the moisture content sensor 32 is electrically connected to the processing unit 4 disposed outside the valve body 1 via the electrical signal lead. The signal lead channel is provided with a sealing structure, which includes a ceramic insulating sleeve and a metal sealing sleeve. The ceramic insulating sleeve is fitted over the electrical signal lead to achieve electrical insulation, and the metal sealing sleeve is pressed against the ceramic insulating sleeve to achieve fluid sealing.

[0038] By setting up a signal lead channel and its sealing structure, the sensor signal is safely and reliably led from the high-pressure environment inside the valve to the external processing unit 4, ensuring long-term stable operation under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions downhole. The combination of ceramic insulating sleeve and metal sealing sleeve can maintain good electrical insulation performance while withstanding high pressure, effectively preventing fluid leakage along the signal lead.

[0039] The sealing structure is located at the wall penetration point of the signal lead channel, that is, at the junction of the signal lead channel and the outer wall of valve body 1 or the outer wall of valve core 22.

[0040] The device of the present invention further includes a processing unit 4, which is disposed outside the valve body 1. The processing unit 4 includes a signal conditioning module 41, a data acquisition module 42, and a microprocessor 43. The signal conditioning module 41 is electrically connected to the electrical signal lead and is used to amplify, filter, and impedance match the electrical signal output by the moisture content sensor 32. The data acquisition module 42 is connected to the signal conditioning module 41 and is used to convert the analog signal output by the signal conditioning module 41 into a digital signal. The microprocessor 43 is connected to the data acquisition module 42 and is used to process the acquired digital signal according to a preset moisture content calculation model and output a real-time moisture content value. The processing unit 4 also includes a communication module 44, which is connected to the microprocessor 43 and is used to transmit the real-time moisture content value to an external host computer via wired or wireless means.

[0041] By setting up processing unit 4, the signal output by water content sensor 32 is processed and calculated locally, and the real-time water content value is directly output. Data interaction with host computer or control system is realized through communication module 44, so as to meet the needs of digital and intelligent management of oilfield.

[0042] The processing unit 4 is encapsulated in a protective shell with an IP67 protection rating, suitable for the harsh, humid, and dusty environment of underground mines. When the moisture content sensor 32 is a microwave resonant cavity sensor, the signal conditioning module 41 includes a low-noise amplifier, a bandpass filter, and an impedance matching network. The noise figure of the low-noise amplifier is controlled below 1dB to ensure effective amplification of the weak electrical signal output by the microwave resonant cavity sensor. The center frequency of the bandpass filter is set near the resonant frequency of the microwave resonant cavity sensor, with a passband width of 200kHz. The characteristic impedance of the impedance matching network is 50 ohms to achieve impedance matching with the microwave sensor. The data acquisition module 42 is a high-speed analog-to-digital converter with a sampling rate of not less than 100kSa / s and a resolution of not less than 16 bits. The microprocessor 43 is a 32-bit embedded microcontroller with a built-in floating-point arithmetic unit and a main frequency of 168MHz. The communication module 44 supports at least one of the Modbus RTU and HART protocols; in this embodiment, both protocols are supported simultaneously to meet the bus access requirements of different industrial sites.

[0043] The invention also includes a temperature sensor 5 and a pressure sensor 6. The temperature sensor 5 is disposed at the inlet or outlet of the measuring chamber 31 and is used to measure the temperature of the fluid flowing through it. The pressure sensor 6 is disposed upstream and / or downstream of the throttle throat 23 and is used to measure the pressure of the fluid flowing through it. The processing unit 4 is electrically connected to the temperature sensor 5 and the pressure sensor 6 respectively. The microprocessor 43 is configured to perform temperature and pressure compensation on the real-time moisture content value based on the temperature and pressure values ​​measured by the temperature sensor 5 and the pressure sensor 6.

[0044] By integrating the temperature sensor 5 and the pressure sensor 6 into the measuring chamber 31 or near the throttling throat 23, and incorporating real-time operating parameters such as temperature, pressure, and throttling pressure difference into the calculation, the drift effect of the downhole high-temperature and high-pressure environment and the thermodynamic effects of the throttling process itself on the sensor output signal is eliminated.

[0045] Temperature sensor 5 has a temperature measurement range of -40℃ to 150℃ and an accuracy class of ±0.5℃. Pressure sensor 6 has a pressure measurement range of 0 to 25MPa and an accuracy class of 0.1%FS. The output signals of temperature sensor 5 and pressure sensor 6 are transmitted to the analog input port of processing unit 4, respectively.

[0046] In one specific embodiment, when the moisture content sensor 32 is a microwave resonant cavity sensor, the expression for the moisture content calculation model is: ; in, This is the real-time moisture content value; This refers to the measured microwave resonant frequency offset. The resonant frequency offset calibrated for the pure oil phase; This is the resonant frequency offset calibrated for the pure water phase.

[0047] Based on the relationship between microwave resonant frequency offset and fluid dielectric constant, when the gas-liquid two-phase mixed fluid passes through the throttling throat 23, due to the acceleration and decompression effects generated by throttling, the gas and liquid phases form a highly dispersed mixed state. The response generated by the interaction of the microwave signal with the fluid in this state accurately reflects the overall water content of the fluid.

[0048] Furthermore, the temperature and pressure values ​​measured by temperature sensor 5 and pressure sensor 6 are used to perform temperature and pressure compensation on the real-time moisture content value, and the expression is as follows: ; ; ; in, For reference temperature, For reference pressure; This represents the offset of the pure oil phase resonant frequency calibrated at reference temperature and reference pressure. This refers to the offset of the pure water phase resonant frequency calibrated at a reference temperature and reference pressure. The reference temperature during calibration is... The temperature is 20℃, and the reference pressure is... It is 0.1 MPa; The compensation coefficients are the first, second, third, and fourth, respectively, which were obtained through multiple calibration experiments under varying temperature and pressure conditions.

[0049] When performing moisture content calculation, microprocessor 43 first uses the temperature values ​​measured by temperature sensor 5 and pressure sensor 6. and pressure value Calculate the pure phase calibration value under the current operating conditions, then substitute it into the moisture content expression to obtain the real-time moisture content value. .

[0050] In another specific embodiment, when the moisture content sensor 32 is a capacitive plate sensor, the expression for its moisture content calculation model is: ; in, To measure the capacitance value; The capacitance value calibrated for the pure oil phase; The capacitance value calibrated for the pure aqueous phase; The fluid conductivity; This is the conductivity correction factor, which is determined through experimental calibration and has a value range between 0.001 and 0.01.

[0051] By using a conductivity correction coefficient α to nonlinearly correct the capacitance measurement results, measurement accuracy can be maintained under high conductivity fluid conditions (fluid conductivity higher than 1000 μS / cm).

[0052] It should be noted that fluid conductivity An AC excitation signal can be applied through the capacitor plate sensor and the complex impedance can be measured. The capacitance and conductivity components can then be extracted separately. Alternatively, the conductivity can be obtained through a separately configured conductivity sensor, which is also built into the measurement cavity 31.

[0053] Furthermore, the temperature and pressure values ​​measured by temperature sensor 5 and pressure sensor 6 are used to perform temperature and pressure compensation on the real-time moisture content value, and the expression is as follows: ; ; in, This is the initial moisture content value after correction for electrical conductivity; This is the temperature compensation coefficient; This is the pressure compensation coefficient.

[0054] When performing calculations, the microprocessor 43 first determines the capacitance value based on the measured value. and fluid conductivity Calculate the initial moisture content Then, the measured values ​​from temperature sensor 5 and pressure sensor 6 are read to perform temperature and pressure correction, and the real-time moisture content value is output. .

[0055] In another specific embodiment, when the moisture content sensor 32 is a conductivity electrode probe sensor, the microprocessor 43 is configured to automatically select a calculation formula corresponding to the different ranges of fluid conductivity to perform moisture content calculation. Specifically, when the fluid conductivity is below 100 μS / cm, a linear formula is used for calculation, the expression of which is: ; in, For calibration coefficients in the low conductivity range, It is the first dimensionless constant.

[0056] When the fluid conductivity is between 100 μS / cm and 1000 μS / cm, a nonlinear correction formula is used for calculation, and its expression is: ; in, is the natural logarithm of the fluid's electrical conductivity; These are calibration coefficients for the medium conductivity range. It is the second dimensionless constant.

[0057] When the fluid conductivity is higher than 1000 μS / cm, a segmented compensation formula can be used for calculation, and its expression is: ; in, This is the square root of the fluid's conductivity; These are calibration coefficients for the high conductivity range. It is the third dimensionless constant.

[0058] In one specific embodiment, the inner wall of the measuring chamber 31 is provided with an anti-corrosion coating, which is any one of tungsten carbide coating, alumina coating, or polytetrafluoroethylene coating. The valve body 1 is provided with a mounting interface for installing the moisture content sensing component 3. The mounting interface is a flange connection structure or a threaded connection structure, and is provided with a seal to ensure fluid sealing performance.

[0059] By applying an anti-corrosion coating, the service life of the measuring chamber 31 is effectively extended in downhole environments with high sand content and highly corrosive fluids. The tungsten carbide coating has excellent wear resistance and is suitable for sand-containing fluid conditions; the polytetrafluoroethylene coating has excellent high-temperature resistance and corrosion resistance and is suitable for strong acid and alkali environments.

[0060] The thickness of the tungsten carbide coating is preferably between 30 μm and 50 μm, and the thickness of the alumina coating is between 25 μm and 40 μm. The mounting interface is located on the side wall of the valve body 1, and its position corresponds to the mounting position of the measuring chamber 31, which facilitates the disassembly, assembly, and maintenance of the moisture content sensing component 3.

[0061] In one specific embodiment, the measuring cavity 31 is provided with a drainage structure for removing free water from the measuring cavity 31. The drainage structure includes a drain outlet located at the bottom of the measuring cavity 31 and a drain pipe connected to the drain outlet. A valve for controlling the drainage flow rate is provided on the drain pipe.

[0062] By incorporating a drainage structure, free water accumulated at the bottom of the measuring chamber 31 can be promptly discharged under high moisture content conditions, preventing interference from the moisture content sensor 32. The valves on the drainage pipeline can be manual or solenoid valves, allowing for flexible control of the drainage operation based on actual working conditions.

[0063] The drain outlet is located at the lowest point of the measuring chamber 31 to ensure that free water can be discharged smoothly under gravity. The diameter of the drain pipe is 10mm to 15mm, and its outlet end can be connected to a downstream pipe or a dedicated liquid collection device.

[0064] To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and implement this invention, the specific implementation principle of this invention will be further explained below in conjunction with a specific application scenario.

[0065] This embodiment provides a multiphase flow moisture content metering device for a throttling valve, including a valve body 1, a throttling component 2, and a moisture content sensing component 3. The valve body 1 has a flow channel 11 for fluid passage. The upstream flow channel 11 extends horizontally and then turns vertically inside the valve body 1. Fluid enters from the upstream horizontal flange interface, is throttled, and then flows vertically downwards from the downstream flange interface.

[0066] The flow channel 11 is connected to the upstream and downstream pipelines respectively via flanges at both ends. The throttling assembly 2 is disposed within the flow channel 11 of the valve body 1 and includes a valve seat 21, a valve core 22, a valve stem, and a drive device 7. The valve seat 21 has an annular structure and is fixedly installed within the flow channel 11 of the valve body 1, located at the intersection of the horizontal flow channel and the vertical flow channel. The inner bore axis of the valve seat 21 is vertically oriented. The valve core 22 has a cylindrical or conical structure, and its axis coincides with the axis of the inner bore of the valve seat 21. The valve core 22 can move vertically up and down, with its lower end extending into the inner bore of the valve seat 21. An annular gap is formed between the outer wall surface of the valve core 22 and the inner wall surface of the valve seat 21, which constitutes the throttling throat 23 with adjustable flow area. The valve core 22 is driven by the drive device 7, which is mounted on the top of the valve body 1, via the valve stem, to move vertically and adjust the flow area of ​​the throttling throat 23.

[0067] The moisture content sensing component 3 includes a measuring cavity 31 and a moisture content sensor 32 built into the measuring cavity 31. The measuring cavity 31 is located inside the valve body 1, downstream of the throttling throat 23. On the outlet side of the throttling throat 23, the cavity inside the valve body 1 is enlarged to form the measuring cavity 31. The measuring cavity 31 is a cylindrical cavity with its axis arranged vertically, coinciding with the axis of the downstream vertical direct flow channel. The inner diameter of the measuring cavity 31 is larger than the equivalent diameter of the throttling throat 23, forming an enlarged section downstream of the throttling throat 23. When the gas-liquid two-phase mixture passes through the throttling throat 23, due to the acceleration and decompression effects of the throttling, the gas and liquid phases form a highly dispersed turbulent mixing state downstream of the throttling throat 23. After the fluid is ejected vertically downward through the throttling throat 23, it enters the enlarged measuring cavity 31, where the flow velocity decreases and tends to stabilize, providing a stable measurement environment for the moisture content sensor 32.

[0068] The moisture content sensor 32 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the measuring chamber 31. Since the fluid diffuses into the measuring chamber 31 after being ejected vertically downwards from the throttle throat 23, the inner wall of the measuring chamber 31 directly above the outlet region of the throttle throat 23 (i.e., the top inner wall of the measuring chamber 31) is the area through which the high-speed mixed fluid directly impacts and diffuses. Therefore, the moisture content sensor 32 is installed on the side of the measuring chamber 31 facing the outlet region of the throttle throat 23, i.e., on the top inner wall of the measuring chamber 31. The sensing surface of the moisture content sensor 32 faces the outlet region of the throttle throat 23, i.e., it is vertically downwards, directly facing the incoming flow direction of the high-speed mixed fluid from the throttle throat 23, so that the sensing surface directly contacts the fluid in the diffusion path of the high-speed mixed fluid ejected from the throttle throat 23.

[0069] A recessed mounting groove is formed on the top inner wall of the measuring cavity 31. The mounting groove is circular, and its inner diameter matches the outer diameter of the moisture content sensor 32. The moisture content sensor 32 is embedded in the mounting groove and fixed and sealed by a flange or threaded fasteners. After installation, the sensing surface of the moisture content sensor 32 is flush with the inner wall of the measuring cavity 31, that is, the sensing surface does not protrude from the inner wall of the measuring cavity 31, nor is it recessed below the inner wall; both are on the same plane. The advantage of this flush installation method is that the sensing surface can normally contact the fluid flowing through the measuring cavity 31, while the sensing surface does not extend into the flow channel 11, thus avoiding disturbance to the flow field and avoiding direct frontal scouring by high-speed fluid, effectively extending the service life of the sensor under sandy and high-velocity conditions.

[0070] As another implementation, the sensing surface of the moisture content sensor 32 can also be configured to slightly protrude from the inner wall of the measuring cavity 31. The protrusion height does not exceed 10% of the diameter of the sensing surface itself, allowing the sensing surface to contact the core mixing region more deeply and further improving the measurement response speed. This micro-protrusion scheme can be selected when the inner diameter of the measuring cavity 31 is large and the direct scouring effect of the fluid on the sensing surface is relatively weak, so as to achieve a balance between measurement sensitivity and sensor protection.

[0071] By fixing the moisture content sensor 32 to the top inner wall of the measuring chamber 31, directly opposite the outlet region of the throttle throat 23, and with the sensing surface facing the outlet region of the throttle throat 23, the sensing surface directly contacts the fluid in the diffusion path of the high-speed mixed fluid ejected from the throttle throat 23. This physically ensures the accuracy and response speed of the moisture content measurement. Simultaneously, by embedding the moisture content sensor 32 within the mounting groove with the sensing surface flush with the inner wall, the sensor is protected from fluid erosion to the maximum extent possible while maintaining measurement functionality, thus improving the long-term operational reliability of the device under harsh conditions.

[0072] The moisture content sensor 32 can be a microwave resonant cavity sensor, whose resonant cavity is welded and fixed to the top inner wall of the measuring cavity 31. The radiating end face of the microwave antenna faces the throttle throat 23 and extends into the fluid channel. The signal lead channel is opened radially along the valve body 1, and the electrical signal lead is passed through it and connected to the processing unit 4 located outside the valve body 1. The processing unit 4 integrates a signal conditioning module 41, a data acquisition module 42, a microprocessor 43, and a communication module 44.

[0073] Temperature sensor 5 is located at the inlet of measuring chamber 31, and pressure sensor 6 is located upstream of throttling throat 23. The output signals of both are transmitted to processing unit 4 for temperature and pressure compensation of moisture content measurement results.

[0074] When this multiphase flow moisture content metering device for a throttling valve is in use, the fluid enters the flow channel 11 of the valve body 1 from the upstream pipeline. As it flows through the throttling component 2, it experiences acceleration and pressure reduction effects at the throttling throat 23, transforming the gas-liquid two-phase flow from a laminar or slug-like flow into a highly dispersed turbulent mixed state. The sensing surface of the moisture content sensor 32 is directly exposed to this high-speed mixed fluid, utilizing the homogenization effect generated during the throttling process to measure the moisture content. The electrical signal output by the sensor is transmitted to the processing unit 4 via a signal lead channel. The processing unit 4 calculates and outputs the real-time moisture content value based on a preset moisture content calculation model and in conjunction with compensation signals from the temperature sensor 5 and pressure sensor 6. This value is then transmitted to the host computer or control system via the communication module 44.

[0075] It should be noted that the specific selection or technology of microwave resonant cavity sensor, capacitor plate sensor, conductivity electrode probe sensor and sealing structure involved in this embodiment are all existing mature processes, and the relevant parameter settings can be implemented with reference to existing related technologies, so they are not described in detail.

[0076] It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the aforementioned advantageous methods can be freely combined and superimposed without conflict.

[0077] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that an article or device comprising a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the article or device comprising said element. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0078] The above description, in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention. It should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, various simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multiphase flow moisture content metering device for a throttle valve, characterized in that, include: Valve body, throttling assembly, and moisture content sensing assembly; The valve body has a flow channel for fluid to pass through; the throttling component is disposed in the flow channel of the valve body, the throttling component includes a valve seat and a valve core, the valve seat and the valve core cooperate to form a throttling throat with adjustable flow area, the throttling throat is used to throttle the flow of fluid; The moisture content sensing component includes a measuring chamber and a moisture content sensor built into the measuring chamber. The measuring chamber is located inside the valve body and communicates with the flow channel. The sensing surface of the moisture content sensor is configured to face the throttling throat so that the sensing surface is exposed to the high-speed mixed fluid formed after flowing through the throttling throat.

2. The multiphase flow moisture content metering device for a throttle valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measuring chamber is disposed inside the valve body and located downstream of the throttling throat. The axis of the measuring chamber coincides with the flow channel axis of the valve body, and the inner diameter of the measuring chamber is larger than the equivalent diameter of the throttling throat, so as to form an expanded diameter section downstream of the throttling throat. The moisture content sensor is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the measuring chamber, and its installation position is located on the side facing the outlet area of ​​the throttling throat; wherein, the sensing surface of the moisture content sensor faces the outlet area of ​​the throttling throat, so that the sensing surface directly contacts the fluid in the diffusion path of the high-speed mixed fluid ejected from the throttling throat.

3. The multiphase flow moisture content metering device for a throttle valve according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner wall of the measuring cavity is provided with a recessed mounting groove, and the moisture content sensor is embedded in the mounting groove; wherein, the sensing surface of the moisture content sensor is flush with the inner wall of the measuring cavity.

4. The multiphase flow moisture content metering device for a throttle valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The moisture content sensor is any one of a microwave resonant cavity sensor, a capacitor plate sensor, or a conductivity electrode probe sensor. When the moisture content sensor is a microwave resonant cavity sensor, it includes a resonant cavity, a microwave antenna disposed inside the resonant cavity, and an electrical signal lead wire electrically connected to the microwave antenna. The resonant cavity is fixedly sealed to the inner wall of the measuring cavity, and the radiating end face of the microwave antenna faces the throttling throat and extends into the fluid channel of the measuring cavity. When the moisture content sensor is a capacitive plate sensor, it includes an insulating support frame, a pair of capacitive plates disposed on the insulating support frame, and an electrical signal lead wire electrically connected to the capacitive plates. The pair of capacitive plates are disposed parallel to each other in the fluid channel of the measuring cavity, and the plate surfaces of the capacitive plates face the throttling throat. When the moisture content sensor is a conductivity electrode probe sensor, it includes an insulating probe body, a measuring electrode disposed at the front end of the insulating probe body, and an electrical signal lead wire electrically connected to the measuring electrode. The measuring electrode protrudes from the front end of the insulating probe body and is directly exposed to the high-speed mixed fluid flowing through the throttling throat.

5. The multiphase flow moisture content metering device for a throttle valve according to claim 4, characterized in that, The moisture content sensing component also includes a signal lead channel, which is disposed on the side wall of the valve body and extends radially along the valve body; The electrical signal lead is passed through the signal lead channel, and the moisture content sensor is electrically connected to the processing unit located outside the valve body through the electrical signal lead. The signal lead channel is provided with a sealing structure, which includes a ceramic insulating sleeve and a metal sealing sleeve. The ceramic insulating sleeve is sleeved outside the electrical signal lead to achieve electrical insulation, and the metal sealing sleeve is pressed against the outside of the ceramic insulating sleeve to achieve fluid sealing.

6. The multiphase flow moisture content metering device for a throttling valve according to claim 5, characterized in that, The system also includes a processing unit located outside the valve body. This processing unit comprises a signal conditioning module, a data acquisition module, and a microprocessor. The signal conditioning module is electrically connected to the electrical signal lead and is used to amplify, filter, and impedance match the electrical signal output by the moisture content sensor sequentially. The data acquisition module is connected to the signal conditioning module and is used to convert the analog signal output by the signal conditioning module into a digital signal. The microprocessor is connected to the data acquisition module and is used to process the digital signal according to a preset moisture content calculation model, outputting a real-time moisture content value. The processing unit also includes a communication module connected to the microprocessor and is used to transmit the real-time moisture content value to an external host computer via wired or wireless means.

7. The multiphase flow moisture content metering device for a throttle valve according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes temperature sensors and pressure sensors; The temperature sensor is located at the inlet or outlet of the measuring chamber and is used to measure the temperature of the fluid flowing through it; the pressure sensor is located upstream and / or downstream of the throttling throat and is used to measure the pressure of the fluid flowing through it. The processing unit is electrically connected to the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor respectively, and the microprocessor is configured to perform temperature and pressure compensation on the real-time moisture content value based on the temperature and pressure values ​​measured by the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor.

8. The multiphase flow moisture content metering device for a throttle valve according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner wall of the measuring chamber is provided with an anti-corrosion coating, which is any one of tungsten carbide coating, alumina coating or polytetrafluoroethylene coating; the valve body is provided with an installation interface for installing the moisture content sensing component, which is a flange connection structure or a threaded connection structure, and is provided with a seal to ensure fluid sealing performance.

9. The multiphase flow moisture content metering device for a throttling valve according to claim 2, characterized in that, The measuring chamber is equipped with a drainage structure for removing free water from the measuring chamber. The drainage structure includes a drain outlet located at the bottom of the measuring chamber and a drain pipe connected to the drain outlet. The drain pipe is equipped with a valve for controlling the drainage flow rate.

10. The multiphase flow moisture content metering device for a throttle valve according to claim 6, characterized in that, When the moisture content sensor is a microwave resonant cavity sensor, the expression for the moisture content calculation model is: ； in, This is the real-time moisture content value; This refers to the measured microwave resonant frequency offset. The resonant frequency offset calibrated for the pure oil phase; The resonant frequency offset calibrated for the pure water phase; When the moisture content sensor is a capacitive electrode sensor, the expression for the moisture content calculation model is: ； in, To measure the capacitance value; The capacitance value calibrated for the pure oil phase; The capacitance value calibrated for the pure aqueous phase; The fluid conductivity; This is the conductivity correction factor.

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