A hydraulic structure analysis model construction method based on BIM technology

Abstract

This application discloses a method for constructing a hydraulic structure analysis model based on BIM technology. This application relates to the field of hydraulic engineering and building information modeling (BIM) technology. The method includes: collecting geometric dimension data, material property data, and geological survey data of hydraulic structures to generate an initial input dataset; constructing three-dimensional mesh data based on the BIM data structure and generating a layered foundation entity, stitching them together to obtain an initial three-dimensional geometric model; generating a three-dimensional solid finite element analysis mesh; associating and binding the finite element analysis mesh with upstream and downstream hydraulic boundary conditions; simultaneously establishing multi-physics coupling relationships for hydrostatic pressure load, structural stress, and foundation reaction on the finite element analysis mesh; and outputting an editable hydraulic structure analysis model. This technical solution can build an integrated BIM model and achieve unified multi-physics coupling modeling of hydraulic boundaries, structural stress, and foundation reaction, accurately simulating actual stress conditions, and balancing simulation accuracy and model reusability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of water conservancy engineering and building information modeling technology, specifically to a method for constructing a hydraulic structure analysis model based on BIM technology. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of hydraulic structure engineering analysis, the traditional method of constructing hydraulic structure analysis models usually adopts a separate workflow, that is, the designer first draws the structural drawings on a two-dimensional CAD platform, and then the analyst manually builds the finite element model based on the drawing data.

[0003] This working mode suffers from inconsistent data formats and frequent information loss during cross-platform data transfer, leading to inconsistencies in geometric dimensions and material properties across different models. While existing BIM (Building Information Modeling)-based hydraulic structure analysis methods achieve some degree of 3D visualization modeling, they remain at the geometric level and cannot automatically transfer the detailed material properties and geological survey information carried in the BIM model to the finite element analysis mesh. When constructing the finite element analysis mesh, existing technologies often employ general tetrahedral mesh generation algorithms, failing to fully consider the unique geometric characteristics of hydraulic structures. This easily generates distorted mesh elements at the interface between the dam surface and the foundation, directly affecting the convergence and accuracy of subsequent calculations. Furthermore, traditional methods often handle water pressure loads and foundation reactions separately when establishing the physical field coupling relationships in the finite element model of hydraulic structures, lacking a mechanism to automatically integrate hydraulic boundary conditions and geological survey data into a unified analysis framework. Therefore, how to solve problems such as data fragmentation and poor grid quality, and improve the automation and calculation accuracy of hydraulic structure analysis models so that they can be truly used in practical scenarios such as the construction and maintenance of water conservancy facilities, is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a method for constructing a hydraulic structure analysis model based on BIM technology. The purpose is to solve the problems of easy data loss during cross-platform transmission, inability of BIM attributes to be automatically connected to finite element meshes, easy generation of distorted elements in the mesh, and difficulty in the integrated coupling of multiple physics fields in existing technologies. This method aims to achieve automated construction of hydraulic structure analysis models and improve the accuracy of calculations and overall operation results.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a control method for large and medium-sized water transfer pumping stations based on speed adaptive design, the method comprising: S1. Collect three types of heterogeneous data: geometric dimensions, material properties, and geological survey data of hydraulic structures, and integrate them to generate the original input dataset; S2. Based on the BIM data structure, construct three-dimensional mesh data of hydraulic structures carrying material properties using the original input dataset, and generate the layered entities of the foundation under the hydraulic structures by combining the geological survey data, and stitch them together to obtain the initial three-dimensional geometric model. S3. Mesh the initial three-dimensional geometric model to generate a dedicated three-dimensional solid finite element analysis mesh for hydraulic structures; S4. Associate and bind the finite element analysis mesh with the upstream and downstream hydraulic boundary conditions and displacement constraint conditions; S5. Combining the material property data, the hydraulic boundary conditions, and the geological exploration data, a multi-physics field coupling relationship between hydrostatic pressure load, structural stress, and foundation reaction is simultaneously established on the finite element analysis grid. S6. Encapsulate and output the finite element analysis mesh of the multiphysics coupling relationship as an editable hydraulic structure analysis model.

[0006] Furthermore, step S1 specifically includes: Extract the outline coordinates, height segments, and top surface width of hydraulic structures from hydraulic design drawings as geometric dimension data; Extract the concrete strength, elastic modulus, and reinforcement ratio of hydraulic structures from the design specification documents as material property data; The thickness of soil and rock layers, internal friction angle, and cohesion are extracted from the geological survey report as geological survey data. The geometric dimension data, material property data, and geological exploration data are unified into a standard table format to obtain the original input dataset.

[0007] Furthermore, step S2 specifically includes: Read geometric dimension data to generate a three-dimensional control point cloud of hydraulic structures, and connect the control points to form a triangular mesh on the surface of the hydraulic structures. Material property data is attached to each cell of the triangular mesh as attribute fields; Based on the thickness of the soil and rock layers, a multi-layered foundation entity is generated below the hydraulic structure. The triangular mesh on the surface of the hydraulic structure is merged with the foundation layer entity to obtain the initial three-dimensional geometric model.

[0008] Furthermore, step S3, which involves performing a mesh generation operation on the initial three-dimensional geometric model to generate a finite element analysis mesh, specifically includes: Perform boundary recognition operations on the triangular mesh of the hydraulic structure surface in the initial three-dimensional geometric model to obtain the external contour boundary line and the internal hole boundary line of the hydraulic structure. The boundary constraints of the constrained Delaunay triangulation are generated based on the external outline boundary line of the hydraulic structure and the internal hole boundary line of the hydraulic structure. Under the control of the boundary constraints, a three-dimensional tetrahedral mesh filling operation is performed on the internal region enclosed by the triangular mesh on the surface of the hydraulic structure. Perform Jacobian ratio detection on each tetrahedral cell generated by the three-dimensional tetrahedral mesh filling operation; Tetrahedral elements with Jacobian ratios below a preset threshold are marked as malformed elements, and a local mesh re-division operation is performed on the malformed elements. The set of all tetrahedral elements after the local mesh re-division operation is used as the finite element analysis mesh.

[0009] Furthermore, the local mesh re-division operation employs the Laplace smoothing algorithm to iteratively adjust the node coordinates of the malformed cells.

[0010] Furthermore, step S4, which involves associating and binding the finite element analysis mesh with the hydraulic boundary conditions of the hydraulic structure, specifically includes: Read the upstream and downstream design water levels of the hydraulic structure from the original input dataset; Search for all grid nodes located on the surface of the upstream hydraulic structure in the finite element analysis mesh, and bind the upstream design water level value to the grid nodes on the surface of the upstream hydraulic structure according to the type of pressure boundary condition; Search for all grid nodes located on the surface of the downstream hydraulic structure in the finite element analysis mesh, and bind the downstream design water level value to the grid nodes on the surface of the downstream hydraulic structure with the type of pressure boundary condition; Search for all mesh nodes located on the bottom surface of the hydraulic structure in the finite element analysis mesh, and constrain all displacement degrees of freedom of the mesh nodes on the bottom surface of the hydraulic structure to zero. Store the finite element analysis mesh carrying pressure boundary conditions and displacement constraints as a finite element analysis mesh with bound boundary conditions.

[0011] Furthermore, step S5 specifically includes: Read the concrete strength grade and concrete elastic modulus values ​​attached to each tetrahedral element in the finite element analysis mesh after the boundary conditions are bound. Based on the concrete strength grade value and the concrete elastic modulus value, calculate the stress-strain constitutive matrix of each tetrahedral element under hydrostatic pressure. Read the upstream and downstream design water level values ​​bound in the finite element analysis mesh after the boundary conditions are bound, and calculate the water pressure load vector borne by each tetrahedral element. Read the thickness values ​​of the foundation soil and rock layers, the internal friction angle values, and the cohesion values ​​from the original input dataset, and calculate the foundation reaction vector for each grid node on the bottom surface of the hydraulic structure; The stress-strain constitutive matrix, the water pressure load vector, and the foundation reaction vector are combined into a set of overall governing equations, which serve as the multiphysics coupling relationship. The overall control equations are assembled using the displacement method in the finite element method, with nodal displacement vectors as the basic unknowns.

[0012] Furthermore, step S6, which outputs the finite element analysis mesh carrying the multiphysics coupling relationship as an editable hydraulic structure analysis model, specifically includes: The overall control equation set is written into the equation set storage area of ​​the analysis model database in a sparse matrix storage format; Write the node coordinates and element connection relationships of all tetrahedral elements in the finite element analysis mesh after the boundary conditions are bound into the mesh storage area of ​​the analysis model database; The material property data attached to each tetrahedral unit is written into the attribute storage area of ​​the analysis model database in the form of key-value pairs; Establish a first index mapping table between the equation system storage area and the grid storage area in the analysis model database; A second index mapping table is established between the grid storage area and the attribute storage area in the analysis model database; The analysis model database carrying the first index mapping table and the second index mapping table is packaged into a single binary editable file as the editable hydraulic structure analysis model; When packaging the analysis model database into a single editable binary file, a lossless compression algorithm is used for compression and storage.

[0013] Furthermore, the preset threshold for the Jacobian ratio is set to 0.2, and the number of iterations is fixed at 5 when performing Laplace smoothing iterative adjustment on the deformed units.

[0014] Furthermore, when calculating the element water pressure load vector, the water pressure intensity of the tetrahedral element is calculated using the following formula: ,when ; in, The water pressure intensity of a tetrahedral element, and the density of water. The value is taken as 1000 kg / m³, and the gravitational acceleration g is taken as 9.81 m / s²; when the vertical coordinate of the unit centroid is... Greater than the upstream design water level At that time, the water pressure intensity of this unit is assigned a value of 0.

[0015] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a hydraulic structure analysis model construction system based on BIM technology. The speed adaptive control system of the large and medium-sized water transfer pumping station includes a processor, a memory, and a program or instructions stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the program or instructions are executed by the processor, they implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect.

[0016] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a readable storage medium storing a program or instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect.

[0017] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a chip, the chip including a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface being coupled to the processor, the processor being used to run programs or instructions to implement the method as described in the first aspect.

[0018] The technical solution provided in this application integrates three types of heterogeneous data—geometric, material, and geological—to build an integrated BIM model, enabling the automatic transfer of attribute information to the finite element mesh. This completely solves the problems of data fragmentation, information loss, and parameter inconsistency. Based on a hydraulic-specific three-dimensional solid mesh generation process, it adapts to the complex structural characteristics of dams and foundations, effectively avoiding distorted meshes and ensuring the convergence and accuracy of finite element calculations. Simultaneously, it achieves unified coupling modeling of hydraulic boundaries, structural stresses, and foundation reactions across multiple physics fields, accurately simulating actual stress conditions. Finally, by outputting an integrated and editable model, it significantly improves the automation level of model construction, balancing simulation accuracy and model reusability, and can effectively support the design, verification, and operation and maintenance of water conservancy projects. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for constructing a hydraulic structure analysis model based on BIM technology provided in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the process for collecting the original input dataset of hydraulic structures provided in this application embodiment; Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the generation process of the initial three-dimensional geometric model of a hydraulic structure provided in this application embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, specific embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining this application and not for limiting it. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to this application are shown in the drawings, not all of them. Before discussing exemplary embodiments in more detail, it should be mentioned that some exemplary embodiments are described as processes or methods depicted as flowcharts. Although the flowcharts describe operations (or steps) as sequential processes, many of these operations can be performed in parallel, concurrently, or simultaneously. Furthermore, the order of the operations can be rearranged. The process can be terminated when its operation is completed, but may also have additional steps not included in the drawings. The process can correspond to a method, function, procedure, subroutine, subroutine, etc.

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0023] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, details the method for constructing a hydraulic structure analysis model based on BIM technology provided in this application through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0024] Example 1 Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for constructing a hydraulic structure analysis model based on BIM technology provided in Embodiment 1 of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the specific steps include the following: S1. Collect three types of heterogeneous data: geometric dimensions, material properties, and geological survey data of hydraulic structures, and integrate them to generate the original input dataset; Hydraulic structures refer to various structures built in the field of water conservancy projects to achieve functions such as water blocking, water discharge, water conveyance, and flood control, such as concrete dams, river gates, and spillway dams.

[0025] Geometric dimensional data refers to various parameters that quantify the shape and spatial scale of hydraulic structures. Specifically, these can include the dam outline coordinate sequence, dam height segment values, dam crest width values, etc.

[0026] Material property data refers to parameters that describe the mechanical properties and physical characteristics of the main materials used in hydraulic structures. Specifically, these parameters may include concrete strength grade, concrete elastic modulus, and steel reinforcement ratio.

[0027] Geological survey data refers to parameters that reflect the strata distribution and rock and soil mechanical properties of the dam foundation, such as the thickness of the foundation rock and soil layers, the internal friction angle of the rock and soil, and the cohesion of the rock and soil.

[0028] The original input dataset is a standardized overall dataset formed by unifying and organizing the above three types of data.

[0029] Specifically, various parameters can be extracted from the corresponding engineering data and processed in a unified format to obtain a complete original input dataset.

[0030] S2. Based on the BIM data structure, construct three-dimensional mesh data of hydraulic structures carrying material properties using the original input dataset, and generate the layered entities of the foundation under the hydraulic structures by combining the geological survey data, and stitch them together to obtain the initial three-dimensional geometric model. BIM data structure refers to the data organization, association, and storage system specifically for building information models, which enables the binding and storage of geometric information and its associated attributes.

[0031] Three-dimensional mesh data refers to a digital model carrier composed of a large number of mesh units, which can accurately reproduce the spatial morphology of hydraulic structures.

[0032] A foundation layered entity refers to a three-dimensional solid model that simulates the actual dam foundation layer structure based on geological stratification.

[0033] The initial three-dimensional geometric model refers to an integrated three-dimensional model that combines the upper hydraulic structure, the lower layered foundation, and complete material properties.

[0034] Specifically, this solution can call the original data according to BIM specifications, first build a main grid model with attributes, regenerate the layered foundation model, and finally merge the two models into a whole.

[0035] S3. Mesh the initial three-dimensional geometric model to generate a dedicated three-dimensional solid finite element analysis mesh for hydraulic structures; Meshing is the process of discretizing a continuous three-dimensional solid model into several tiny computational units, and it is a core preliminary step in finite element analysis.

[0036] A three-dimensional solid finite element analysis mesh is a mesh system composed of three-dimensional elements, suitable for mechanical simulation calculations of solid structures.

[0037] Specific to hydraulic structures refers to the grid design optimized for complex hydraulic structures such as dam body openings and dam foundation interfaces.

[0038] Specifically, it can perform discretization processing based on the characteristics of the hydraulic structure to output a dedicated solid mesh adapted for mechanical calculations.

[0039] S4. Associate and bind the finite element analysis mesh with the upstream and downstream hydraulic boundary conditions and displacement constraint conditions; Hydraulic boundary conditions refer to the load rules that simulate the effect of natural water flow on the dam body, such as the pressure load corresponding to different water levels.

[0040] Displacement constraints refer to the constraint rules that simulate the limiting effect of the foundation on the dam body, such as fixing the displacement of dam foundation nodes.

[0041] In this scheme, preset hydraulic parameters and displacement restriction rules can be matched to the corresponding grid nodes and elements by automatically identifying the corresponding grid regions.

[0042] S5. Combining the material property data, the hydraulic boundary conditions, and the geological exploration data, a multi-physics field coupling relationship between hydrostatic pressure load, structural stress, and foundation reaction is simultaneously established on the finite element analysis grid. Among these, hydrostatic pressure load refers to the force generated by the weight of the water body acting on the surface of the dam. Structural stress refers to the internal interaction forces generated in the hydraulic structure under external loads. Foundation reaction force refers to the supporting reaction force generated by the foundation soil on the superstructure of the dam.

[0043] This solution can integrate all basic data and establish collaborative calculation rules for three types of mechanical fields within the same grid system.

[0044] S6. Encapsulate and output the finite element analysis mesh of the multiphysics coupling relationship as an editable hydraulic structure analysis model.

[0045] An editable hydraulic structure analysis model refers to an integrated engineering model file that supports parameter modification, mesh adjustment, and repeated calculations.

[0046] This solution can integrate all model data and computational logic, and package them into an independent, editable model file.

[0047] The technical solution provided in this embodiment establishes a complete process from data acquisition to model output, connects the data link between BIM modeling and finite element analysis, and achieves integrated geometric, material, and geological information. It avoids the problems of cross-platform data loss and parameter inconsistencies in traditional methods, while simultaneously completing unified multi-physics modeling, improving model simulation accuracy and overall automation level.

[0048] In one embodiment, optionally, step S1 specifically includes: Extract the outline coordinates, height segments, and top surface width of hydraulic structures from hydraulic design drawings as geometric dimension data; Extract the concrete strength, elastic modulus, and reinforcement ratio of hydraulic structures from the design specification documents as material property data; The thickness of soil and rock layers, internal friction angle, and cohesion are extracted from the geological survey report as geological survey data. The geometric dimension data, material property data, and geological exploration data are unified into a standard table format to obtain the original input dataset.

[0049] Among them, the outline coordinates refer to the three-dimensional coordinates of each control point that depicts the shape of the upstream and downstream surfaces of the dam, which can completely restore the outline shape of the dam.

[0050] Height segmentation refers to the numerical height of each segment along the vertical direction of the dam body, used to accurately delineate the vertical structure of the dam. Top width refers to the lateral dimension of the top of the dam body. Concrete strength refers to the ability of concrete to resist compressive stress, such as the compressive strength values ​​corresponding to C30 and C40 grades. Elastic modulus is a mechanical parameter that measures the ability of concrete to resist elastic deformation and is a fundamental indicator for structural calculations. Reinforcement ratio is the ratio of the total cross-sectional area of ​​the reinforcing steel bars inside the dam body to the total cross-sectional area of ​​the structure, reflecting the reinforcement design standards. Soil and rock layer thickness refers to the vertical thickness of each layer of soil and rock in the dam foundation, used to reconstruct the strata distribution. Internal friction angle is the angular parameter corresponding to the friction between soil and rock particles and is a core indicator for determining the shear resistance of soil and rock. Cohesion refers to the bonding force between soil and rock particles, also used to characterize the shear resistance of soil and rock.

[0051] In this solution, the standard table format, such as CSV, is used to facilitate data storage and program retrieval.

[0052] Specifically, this solution can extract parameters from design drawings, specification documents, and survey reports one by one, and then uniformly enter them into a standard table to form a dataset.

[0053] This technical solution refines the sources, specific parameters, and storage formats of the raw data, standardizing the data acquisition process. At the same time, this solution can effectively reduce errors caused by manual map reading and transcription, ensuring the accuracy of the raw data and providing reliable data support for subsequent BIM modeling and finite element calculations.

[0054] In one embodiment, optionally, step S2 specifically includes: Read geometric dimension data to generate a three-dimensional control point cloud of hydraulic structures, and connect the control points to form a triangular mesh on the surface of the hydraulic structures. Material property data is attached to each cell of the triangular mesh as attribute fields; Based on the thickness of the soil and rock layers, a multi-layered foundation entity is generated below the hydraulic structure. The triangular mesh on the surface of the hydraulic structure is merged with the foundation layer entity to obtain the initial three-dimensional geometric model.

[0055] A three-dimensional control point cloud is a set of points consisting of a large number of spatial coordinate points, with each coordinate point corresponding to a characteristic position of the dam's shape.

[0056] Among them, the surface triangular mesh refers to a structural surface mesh formed by connecting adjacent control points in sequence and splicing together multiple triangular facets.

[0057] Attribute fields are data labels attached to mesh elements and used to record material parameters, enabling the binding of attributes to geometric elements.

[0058] A multi-layered foundation entity refers to a three-dimensional entity generated sequentially according to the thickness of soil and rock layers and stacked one on top of the other, completely restoring the dam foundation's geological structure.

[0059] This approach first generates point clouds and surface meshes from coordinates, then binds material parameters and generates layered foundations, and finally merges the two models into a whole.

[0060] This technical solution clarifies the details of building the initial BIM model, enables pre-binding of material properties, and completes integrated modeling of the dam body and foundation. It completely changes the shortcomings of traditional models that only show the shape, avoids secondary parameter input during later finite element modeling, and further improves modeling efficiency and data consistency.

[0061] In one embodiment, optionally, step S3, which involves performing a mesh generation operation on the initial three-dimensional geometric model to generate a finite element analysis mesh, specifically includes: Perform boundary recognition operations on the triangular mesh of the hydraulic structure surface in the initial three-dimensional geometric model to obtain the external contour boundary line and the internal hole boundary line of the hydraulic structure. The boundary constraints of the constrained Delaunay triangulation are generated based on the external outline boundary line and the internal hole boundary line of the hydraulic structure. Under the control of the boundary constraints, a three-dimensional tetrahedral mesh filling operation is performed on the internal region enclosed by the triangular mesh on the surface of the hydraulic structure. Perform Jacobian ratio detection on each tetrahedral cell generated by the three-dimensional tetrahedral mesh filling operation; Tetrahedral elements with Jacobian ratios below a preset threshold are marked as malformed elements, and a local mesh re-division operation is performed on the malformed elements. The set of all tetrahedral elements after the local mesh re-division operation is used as the finite element analysis mesh.

[0062] Boundary recognition refers to the process of traversing all edges of the mesh and distinguishing between the outer contour edges of the structure and the edges of internal holes. Boundary constraints are rules that limit the mesh division range and prohibit changes to the boundary edges, used to conform to the actual shape of the hydraulic structure.

[0063] Three-dimensional tetrahedral mesh filling refers to the operation of discretizing the entire space using tetrahedral elements within a closed structural space.

[0064] Jacobi ratio is an index used to judge the quality of grid cell morphology and to measure the degree of deviation between the cell and the standard tetrahedron.

[0065] A distorted cell is a mesh cell with an excessively low Jacobian ratio and a severely distorted shape, which can lead to decreased computational accuracy and non-convergence of the solution.

[0066] This solution allows for mesh readjustment only in the malformed cell region, without requiring optimization of the entire mesh.

[0067] This technical solution is designed with a dedicated mesh generation process for complex hydraulic structures. By combining boundary constraints, element detection, and local re-meshing optimization, it can effectively solve the problem of distorted meshes that are easily generated by general algorithms, significantly improve the overall quality of finite element meshes, and ensure the accuracy and convergence of subsequent mechanical calculations.

[0068] In one embodiment, optionally, the local mesh re-division operation employs a Laplace smoothing algorithm to iteratively adjust the node coordinates of the malformed cells.

[0069] Among them, the Laplace smoothing algorithm is a classic mesh optimization algorithm. Its core is to use the coordinates of adjacent nodes to correct the position of the current node. It is often used to regularize the shape of distorted meshes.

[0070] Node coordinates refer to the numerical position of a mesh node in a three-dimensional coordinate system, which directly determines the shape of the mesh cell.

[0071] Specifically, the node coordinates can be updated multiple times according to the algorithm rules to gradually optimize the cell shape until the mesh meets the qualified standard.

[0072] This technical solution presents a specific optimization algorithm for distorted meshes. It relies on the Laplace smoothing algorithm to iteratively correct node positions and efficiently complete the repair of distorted elements. This algorithm is mature and highly targeted, and can quickly improve the quality of elements without changing the overall mesh layout, thus meeting the optimization needs of hydraulic solid meshes.

[0073] In one embodiment, optionally, step S4, which associates and binds the finite element analysis mesh with the hydraulic boundary conditions of the hydraulic structure, specifically includes: Read the upstream design water level and downstream design water level values ​​from the original input dataset; Search for all grid nodes located on the surface of the upstream hydraulic structure in the finite element analysis mesh, and bind the upstream design water level value to the grid nodes on the surface of the upstream hydraulic structure according to the type of pressure boundary condition; Search for all grid nodes located on the surface of the downstream hydraulic structure in the finite element analysis mesh, and bind the downstream design water level value to the grid nodes on the surface of the downstream hydraulic structure with the type of pressure boundary condition; Search for all mesh nodes located on the bottom surface of the hydraulic structure in the finite element analysis mesh, and constrain all displacement degrees of freedom of the mesh nodes on the bottom surface of the hydraulic structure to zero. Store the finite element analysis mesh carrying pressure boundary conditions and displacement constraints as a finite element analysis mesh with bound boundary conditions.

[0074] The upstream design water level and the downstream design water level refer to the pre-set normal operating water levels upstream and downstream of the dam body, and are the core parameters for calculating water pressure.

[0075] Among them, the pressure boundary condition is the load rule that simulates the water pressure acting on the surface of the structure, and it can change with the water level.

[0076] Displacement degrees of freedom refer to the directions in which mesh nodes can move in three-dimensional space. For example, if the constraint of the dam foundation node is zero, it simulates the fixed state of the foundation.

[0077] This solution can automatically locate the corresponding regional nodes, assign values ​​to water level, pressure, and displacement constraints, and finally store the grid uniformly.

[0078] This technical solution refines the automated binding process of boundary conditions, accurately distinguishes different areas of the upstream and downstream dam face and dam foundation and configures corresponding working conditions. It can replace the traditional method of manual point selection and assignment, avoid the problems of misalignment and omission in boundary settings, and make the simulation working conditions highly consistent with the actual operation of water conservancy projects.

[0079] In one embodiment, optionally, step S5 specifically includes: Read the concrete strength grade and concrete elastic modulus values ​​attached to each tetrahedral element in the finite element analysis mesh after the boundary conditions are bound. Based on the concrete strength grade value and the concrete elastic modulus value, calculate the stress-strain constitutive matrix of each tetrahedral element under hydrostatic pressure. Read the upstream and downstream design water level values ​​bound in the finite element analysis mesh after the boundary conditions are bound, and calculate the water pressure load vector borne by each tetrahedral element. Read the thickness values ​​of the foundation soil and rock layers, the internal friction angle values, and the cohesion values ​​from the original input dataset, and calculate the foundation reaction vector for each grid node on the bottom surface of the hydraulic structure; The stress-strain constitutive matrix, the water pressure load vector, and the foundation reaction vector are combined into a set of overall governing equations, which serve as the multiphysics coupling relationship. The overall control equations are assembled using the displacement method in the finite element method, with nodal displacement vectors as the basic unknowns.

[0080] Among them, the stress-strain constitutive matrix is ​​a mathematical matrix describing the relationship between stress and strain in a material. The load vector is a vector representation of the external forces acting on an element or node, including the magnitude and direction of the force. The overall governing equations are a set of mathematical equations that integrate all mechanical relationships for global solution.

[0081] The displacement method is a solution method in finite element simulation. It can use nodal displacements as the core unknowns to derive and solve the internal forces and deformations of a structure.

[0082] This technical solution fully defines the construction logic of the multiphysics coupling equation set, calculates various mechanical vectors by combining material, hydrological, and geological parameters, and assembles them into a unified solution equation. It achieves deep coupling of water pressure, structural stress, and foundation reaction, abandons the method of artificially superimposing loads, and significantly improves the scientificity and accuracy of simulation calculations.

[0083] In one embodiment, optionally, step S6, which outputs the finite element analysis mesh carrying the multiphysics coupling relationship as an editable hydraulic structure analysis model, specifically includes: The overall control equation set is written into the equation set storage area of ​​the analysis model database in a sparse matrix storage format; Write the node coordinates and element connection relationships of all tetrahedral elements in the finite element analysis mesh after the boundary conditions are bound into the mesh storage area of ​​the analysis model database; The material property data attached to each tetrahedral unit is written into the attribute storage area of ​​the analysis model database in the form of key-value pairs; Establish a first index mapping table between the equation system storage area and the grid storage area in the analysis model database; A second index mapping table is established between the grid storage area and the attribute storage area in the analysis model database; The analysis model database carrying the first index mapping table and the second index mapping table is packaged into a single binary editable file as the editable hydraulic structure analysis model; When packaging the analysis model database into a single editable binary file, a lossless compression algorithm is used for compression and storage.

[0084] Among them, the sparse matrix storage format is an optimized storage method for matrices with a large number of zero elements, which can save storage space and improve computational efficiency.

[0085] An index mapping table is a table that records the correspondence between data in different storage areas, enabling linked access to grids, attributes, and equation systems.

[0086] Binary files are a common low-level storage file format for computers, with strong compatibility and high read / write efficiency.

[0087] Lossless compression algorithms are those that can completely restore the original data after compression, without causing loss of model information.

[0088] This technical solution designs a model output scheme with partitioned storage, index association, and compressed packaging, classifying and managing meshes, equations, and attributes and establishing interconnected relationships. The generated single binary file is portable and editable, balancing storage space and model reusability, and adapting to the iterative calculation needs of multiple engineering scenarios.

[0089] In one embodiment, optionally, the preset threshold for the Jacobian ratio is set to 0.2, and the number of iterations is fixed at 5 when performing Laplace smoothing iterative adjustment on the malformed unit.

[0090] The preset threshold is the critical value for determining whether a mesh element is a malformed element; this scheme sets 0.2 as the partitioning standard. The number of iterations is the total number of times the Laplace smoothing algorithm adjusts the node coordinates; this scheme fixes it at 5 times. This scheme can combine hydraulic structure simulation data to determine the fixed operating parameters for mesh determination and optimization.

[0091] This technical solution defines the core parameters of mesh optimization, forming standardized mesh quality inspection and repair rules. This avoids model differences caused by arbitrary manual parameter settings, ensuring consistent mesh quality under different working conditions and improving the stability and engineering versatility of the entire method.

[0092] In one embodiment, optionally, when calculating the element water pressure load vector, the water pressure intensity of the tetrahedral element is calculated using the following formula: ,when ; in, The water pressure intensity of a tetrahedral element, and the density of water. The value is taken as 1000 kg / m³, and the gravitational acceleration g is taken as 9.81 m / s²; when the vertical coordinate of the unit centroid is... Greater than the upstream design water level At that time, the water pressure intensity of this unit is assigned a value of 0.

[0093] Water pressure intensity refers to the pressure exerted by water per unit area, which varies gradually along the dam height. The vertical coordinates of the unit centroid refer to the vertical coordinates of the geometric center of the tetrahedral unit, used to determine the relative position of the unit to the water level.

[0094] Physical constants refer to fixed physical parameters such as water density and gravitational acceleration. This scheme adopts the commonly used standard values ​​in engineering.

[0095] The location criterion refers to determining whether a unit is subject to water pressure based on the relationship between its elevation and the water level.

[0096] This technical solution clarifies the calculation formula, parameter values, and applicable criteria for hydrostatic pressure, accurately simulates the gradient distribution of water pressure along the dam height, and its calculation logic conforms to the principles of hydraulics. It further refines the load calculation standards, effectively improves the calculation accuracy of water pressure loads, and makes the simulation results more consistent with the actual hydraulic stress state.

[0097] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand this solution, this application also provides a preferred embodiment.

[0098] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the acquisition and storage of the original input dataset for hydraulic structures provided in this application embodiment. (See attached document.) Figure 2Collecting geometric dimensional data, material property data, and geological survey data of hydraulic structures (or hydraulic engineering structures) as the raw input dataset includes the following steps: 1. Extract the dam outline coordinate sequence, dam height segment values, and dam crest width values ​​from the hydraulic structure design drawings as geometric dimension data.

[0099] The coordinate sequence of the dam outline consists of the three-dimensional coordinates of various control points on the upstream and downstream outlines of the dam in the design drawings. The dam height segmentation value refers to the height of each segment when the dam body is divided into several segments along the dam height direction. The dam crest width value refers to the transverse width dimension of the dam crest.

[0100] 2. Extract concrete strength grade, steel reinforcement ratio, and concrete elastic modulus values ​​from the design specifications of the hydraulic structure as material property data.

[0101] The concrete strength grade value is the standard compressive strength value corresponding to the concrete strength grade explicitly stated in the design specifications. For example, the standard compressive strength value for C30 concrete is 30 MPa. The reinforcement ratio value is the ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the longitudinal reinforcing bars to the cross-sectional area of ​​the dam body in the reinforcement design. The concrete elastic modulus value is the elastic modulus of the concrete material given in the design specifications. For example, the elastic modulus of C30 concrete is 3.0 × 10⁻⁶. 4 MPa.

[0102] Third, extract the thickness values ​​of each layer of foundation soil and rock, the internal friction angle values ​​of each layer of soil and rock, and the cohesion values ​​of each layer of soil and rock from the geological survey report of the hydraulic structure as geological survey data.

[0103] The thickness values ​​for each layer of foundation soil and rock are the thickness values ​​of each layer of soil and rock as defined in the geological survey report, based on depth, and are expressed in meters. The internal friction angle values ​​for each layer of soil and rock are the internal friction angle values ​​measured in shear tests, expressed in degrees. The cohesion values ​​for each layer of soil and rock are the cohesion values ​​measured in shear tests, expressed in kilopascals.

[0104] The geometric dimension data, material property data, and geological survey data are stored as the raw input dataset in a unified data table format. The data table format is a spreadsheet file, where each column corresponds to a data type and each row corresponds to a data record. Geometric dimension data is stored in columns one through three, storing the dam outline coordinate sequence, dam height segment values, and dam crest width values, respectively. Material property data is stored in columns four through six, storing concrete strength grade values, steel reinforcement ratio values, and concrete elastic modulus values, respectively. Geological survey data is stored in columns seven through nine, storing the thickness of each layer of foundation soil and rock, the internal friction angle of each layer, and the cohesion of each layer, respectively. The data table file has the extension .csv.

[0105] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the generation of the initial three-dimensional geometric model of a hydraulic structure, as provided in an embodiment of this application. (See also...) Figure 3 In specific implementation, organizing the original input dataset into an initial three-dimensional geometric model according to the data structure of the Building Information Model includes the following steps: Step 1: Read the geometric dimension data from the original input dataset and generate a dam control point cloud in a 3D spatial coordinate system. The 3D spatial coordinate system adopts a Cartesian coordinate system, with the origin set at the center point of the dam's bottom surface, the X-axis pointing downstream, the Y-axis pointing laterally, and the Z-axis pointing vertically upward. The dam outline coordinate sequence in the geometric dimension data includes the 3D coordinate values ​​of each control point on the upstream and downstream outlines of the dam. These 3D coordinate values ​​of the control points are mapped one by one to the 3D spatial coordinate system, with each control point corresponding to a point object. The collection of all point objects constitutes the dam control point cloud.

[0106] Step 2: Connect adjacent control points in the dam control point cloud sequentially according to the connection relationships shown in the design drawings to form a triangular mesh on the dam surface. The connection relationships in the design drawings refer to which control points are sequentially connected to form triangular patches on the dam surface. For each group of three adjacent control points, connect them pairwise to generate a triangular patch. The collection of all triangular patches constitutes the triangular mesh on the dam surface.

[0107] Step 3: Read the material property data from the original input dataset and attach the material property data as attribute fields to each grid cell of the triangular mesh on the dam surface. The material property data includes concrete strength grade, reinforcement ratio, and concrete elastic modulus. For each grid cell in the triangular mesh on the dam surface, create an attribute field list. The attribute field list contains three fields: Field 1 is named "Concrete Strength Grade," and its value is the concrete strength grade corresponding to that grid cell; Field 2 is named "Reinforcement Ratio," and its value is the reinforcement ratio corresponding to that grid cell; Field 3 is named "Concrete Elastic Modulus," and its value is the concrete elastic modulus corresponding to that grid cell. Associate the attribute field list with the grid cells using the grid cell's unique identifier to attach the material property data to each grid cell.

[0108] Step 4: Read the geological survey data from the original input dataset and generate a layered foundation entity below the triangular mesh on the dam surface based on the geological survey data. The geological survey data includes the thickness values ​​of each layer of foundation soil and rock, the internal friction angle values ​​of each layer, and the cohesion values ​​of each layer. Based on the thickness values ​​of each layer of foundation soil and rock, generate horizontal layered entities layer by layer from the elevation of the dam bottom surface downwards. Each layer is a horizontal plate-shaped three-dimensional geometry with a thickness value. The thickness value of each layer is equal to the thickness value of the corresponding soil and rock layer. The planar extent of each layer is consistent with the projection extent of the dam bottom surface on the horizontal plane. Stack all layered entities vertically to obtain the layered foundation entity.

[0109] Step 5: Combine the triangular mesh of the dam surface carrying attribute fields with the foundation layered entity to form a complete 3D geometry as the initial 3D geometric model. The triangular mesh of the dam surface carrying attribute fields is located on top of the foundation layered entity. Align all node coordinates of the triangular mesh of the dam surface with the top surface of the foundation layered entity, so that the bottom boundary of the triangular mesh of the dam surface coincides with the top boundary of the foundation layered entity. Merge the triangular mesh of the dam surface and the foundation layered entity into a single 3D geometric object using a Boolean union operation. This 3D geometric object is the initial 3D geometric model.

[0110] In specific implementation, performing mesh generation on the initial three-dimensional geometric model to generate a finite element analysis mesh includes the following steps: A boundary identification operation is performed on the triangular mesh of the dam surface in the initial 3D geometric model to obtain the outer contour boundary line and the internal cavity boundary line of the dam. The boundary identification operation is achieved by traversing all edges of the triangular mesh of the dam surface: for each edge, the number of triangular faces shared by the edge is counted. If an edge is shared by only one triangular face, then the edge belongs to either the outer contour boundary line or the internal cavity boundary line of the dam. Further determination: if the two vertices of the edge are located on the boundary of the triangular mesh of the dam surface, then the edge is marked as a component of the outer contour boundary line of the dam; if the two vertices of the edge are located on the boundary of the internal cavity of the triangular mesh of the dam surface, then the edge is marked as a component of the internal cavity boundary line of the dam. All edges marked as the outer contour boundary line of the dam constitute the outer contour boundary line of the dam; all edges marked as the internal cavity boundary line of the dam constitute the internal cavity boundary line of the dam.

[0111] Boundary constraints for constrained Delaunay triangulation are generated based on the outer contour boundary line of the dam body and the boundary line of the internal openings of the dam body. The constraints include: setting all edges on the outer contour boundary line of the dam body as fixed, non-deletable boundary edges; setting all edges on the boundary line of the internal openings of the dam body as fixed, non-deletable boundary edges; and defining the region enclosed by the outer contour boundary line of the dam body and the boundary line of the internal openings of the dam body as a tetrahedral-filled valid region, where no nodes outside this valid region can be introduced.

[0112] Under the control of the aforementioned boundary constraints, a three-dimensional tetrahedral mesh filling operation is performed on the internal region enclosed by the triangular mesh on the dam surface. The three-dimensional tetrahedral mesh filling operation employs the Delaunay triangulation algorithm with boundary constraints. Within the three-dimensional space enclosed by the triangular mesh on the dam surface, new nodes are successively inserted and tetrahedral elements are generated until the entire internal region is completely filled with tetrahedral elements. Throughout the process of inserting nodes and generating tetrahedral elements, the aforementioned boundary constraints are always observed: fixed boundary edges are not deleted, and no nodes are placed outside the effective region.

[0113] For each tetrahedral cell generated by the 3D tetrahedral mesh filling operation, a Jacobian ratio check is performed. The Jacobian ratio is defined as the ratio of the actual volume of the tetrahedral cell to the volume of an ideal regular tetrahedron, with a value ranging from 0 to 1. For each tetrahedral cell, its Jacobian ratio is calculated: the volume of the tetrahedral cell is calculated. Calculate the volume of an ideal regular tetrahedron with the same longest side length as the given tetrahedral element. Jacobi ratio The calculation formula is:

[0114] in The actual volume of the tetrahedral element is obtained by calculating the determinant formula. The volume of an ideal regular tetrahedron is equal to , The longest side length of this tetrahedral element is given.

[0115] The ratio of Jacobi Tetrahedral elements below a preset threshold are marked as malformed elements. The preset threshold is 0.2. A local mesh re-meshing operation is performed on all tetrahedral elements marked as malformed.

[0116] The local mesh re-meshing operation uses the Laplace smoothing algorithm to iteratively adjust the node coordinates of malformed elements. The steps of the Laplace smoothing algorithm are as follows: For each malformed element, obtain all nodes of that malformed element, denoted as the node set. For a set of nodes Each node in Find the node Let the set of adjacent nodes be any set of nodes that are directly connected by an edge. Calculate the arithmetic mean of the coordinates of all nodes in the set of adjacent nodes to obtain the new coordinates. The calculation formula is:

[0117] in: For nodes The new coordinate vector after one Laplacian smoothing The number of nodes in the set of adjacent nodes. The first in the set of adjacent nodes The coordinate vectors of each node. (The node...) The coordinates are updated to Repeat the above steps to iteratively adjust the nodes of all malformed units, with the number of iterations set to 5. After the iterative adjustment, the Jacobian ratio of all malformed units is no less than the preset threshold of 0.2.

[0118] The set of all tetrahedral elements after the local mesh re-division operation is used as the finite element analysis mesh.

[0119] In specific implementation, associating and binding the finite element analysis mesh with the hydraulic boundary conditions of the hydraulic structure includes the following steps: The upstream and downstream design water levels of the hydraulic structure are read from the original input dataset. The upstream design water level is denoted as... The downstream design water level is denoted as Both are relative elevation values ​​based on the elevation of the dam bottom surface, and the unit is meters.

[0120] Search the finite element analysis mesh for all mesh nodes located at the upstream dam face. The upstream dam face location is defined as: in the three-dimensional coordinates of a mesh node, the X-coordinate value is less than the average X-coordinate value at the corresponding elevation on the contour line of the upstream face of the triangular mesh on the dam surface, and the node is located within the area covered by the upstream face of the triangular mesh on the dam surface. The upstream design water level value is then used. The pressure boundary condition type is bound to the mesh node at the upstream dam face location. The pressure boundary condition type is identified as "Pressure," and the pressure value is set to... ,in The density of water is taken as 1000 kg / m³. 3 , The acceleration due to gravity is taken as 9.81 m / s². This represents the vertical coordinate value of the grid node.

[0121] Search the finite element analysis mesh for all mesh nodes located at the downstream dam face. The downstream dam face location is defined as: in the three-dimensional coordinates of a mesh node, the X-coordinate value is greater than the average X-coordinate value at the corresponding elevation on the downstream surface contour line of the triangular mesh on the dam surface, and the node is located within the area covered by the downstream surface of the triangular mesh on the dam surface. The downstream design water level value is then used. The pressure boundary condition is bound to the mesh node at the downstream dam face location. The pressure value is set to... ,in It is 1000 kg / m³. It is 9.81 m / s². This represents the vertical coordinate value of the grid node.

[0122] Search the finite element analysis mesh for all mesh nodes located on the dam base surface. The dam base surface is defined as the plane where the dam body contacts the foundation, and its vertical coordinate Z is equal to the dam base elevation. Constrain all displacement degrees of freedom of these mesh nodes on the dam base surface to zero. The displacement degrees of freedom are translational degrees of freedom in three directions (X, Y, Z), and the constraint method is to set the X, Y, and Z displacement components of each node to 0.

[0123] The finite element analysis mesh carrying pressure boundary conditions and displacement constraints is stored as a boundary condition-bound finite element analysis mesh. The storage format is a binary file, which contains the coordinates and node number of each mesh node, the node connection relationship of each tetrahedral element, and the boundary condition type and boundary condition value of each node.

[0124] Based on the hydraulic boundary conditions and the material property data, a multiphysics coupling relationship is established on the finite element analysis mesh, including the following steps: Read the concrete strength grade and concrete elastic modulus values ​​attached to each tetrahedral element in the finite element analysis mesh after the boundary conditions are bound. The concrete elastic modulus value is denoted as... The unit is Pascal.

[0125] The stress-strain constitutive matrix of each tetrahedral element under hydrostatic pressure is calculated based on the concrete strength grade and the concrete elastic modulus. An isotropic linear elastic model is used for the stress-strain constitutive matrix; for each tetrahedral element, the constitutive matrix is... It is a 6×6 matrix, and its expression is based on the elastic modulus. Compared to Poisson Poisson's ratio The concrete strength grade is retrieved from a pre-defined concrete material property table. For C30 concrete, The value is 0.2; for C40 concrete, The value is 0.2; for C50 concrete, The value is 0.2. Constitutive matrix. The calculation formula is the standard formula for elasticity, specifically:

[0126] in: This refers to the elastic modulus of concrete. This represents the Poisson's ratio of concrete.

[0127] Read the upstream design water level values ​​bound in the finite element analysis mesh after the boundary conditions are bound. and downstream design water level values The water pressure load vector borne by each tetrahedral element is calculated. For tetrahedral elements located upstream of the dam face, the element centroid elevation is used as a reference. Compared with upstream design water level values The difference is used to calculate the water pressure intensity value. : ; in: Let be the density of water, taken as 1000 kg / m³. The acceleration due to gravity is taken as 9.81 m / s². The upstream design water level value, Let be the vertical coordinate of the centroid of the tetrahedral element. When hour, The value is set to 0. The water pressure intensity value is... Multiplying by the area vector of the upstream face of the element yields the element's water pressure load vector. The area vector of the upstream face is perpendicular to the upstream face and points downstream. For tetrahedral elements located downstream of the dam face, the downstream water pressure load vector is calculated similarly using the downstream design water level. and unit centroid elevation The formula is: ; Wherein: the direction of the water pressure load vector is perpendicular to the downstream surface and points upstream.

[0128] Read the soil and rock layer thickness values, internal friction angle values, and cohesion values ​​from the original input dataset, and calculate the foundation reaction vector for each grid node on the dam foundation surface. The soil and rock layer thickness values ​​are denoted as... The unit is meters, where For hierarchical indexing, from 1 to , This represents the total number of layers of foundation soil and rock. The internal friction angle of each layer is denoted as... The unit is degrees. The cohesion value of each layer of soil and rock is denoted as... The unit is kilopascal (kPa). Calculate the overall stiffness coefficient of the foundation. : ; in: For the first The compression modulus of layered soil and rock, measured in Pascals. From the internal friction angle value and cohesion value It is calculated using a pre-defined empirical formula in geotechnical mechanics. The pre-defined empirical formula in geotechnical mechanics is: ; in: For the first The internal friction angle of the layered rock and soil (in radians) should be converted from angle to radians before calculation. The conversion formula is as follows: ; For the first Cohesion of layered soil and rock, in kilopascals; multiplier factor. Having dimensions makes The unit is Pascal. The combined stiffness coefficient... Multiplying by the vertical displacement component of the dam base surface grid node yields the vertical component of the foundation reaction vector at the node. For the dam base surface grid node... Its vertical displacement component is denoted as Vertical component of foundation reaction vector The calculation formula is: ; Where: the negative sign indicates that the direction of the reaction force is opposite to the direction of the displacement. The horizontal components (X and Y directions) of the foundation reaction force vector are set to 0.

[0129] The stress-strain constitutive matrix, the water pressure load vector, and the foundation reaction vector are combined into a set of overall governing equations to represent the multiphysics coupling relationship. The overall governing equations are assembled using the displacement method in the finite element method, with nodal displacement vectors as the basic unknowns. The form of the overall governing equations is as follows: ; in: The overall stiffness matrix is ​​derived from the stress-strain constitutive matrix of each tetrahedral element. It is obtained by assembling the element stiffness matrix; This is the displacement vector for all nodes, containing the X, Y, and Z displacement components for each node; The overall load vector is assembled from the water pressure load vector and the foundation reaction force vector at each node, as well as the load contributions corresponding to other boundary conditions. The overall governing equations are stored in a sparse matrix format.

[0130] In specific implementation, outputting the finite element analysis mesh carrying the multiphysics coupling relationship as an editable hydraulic structure analysis model includes the following steps: The overall governing equations are written into the equation storage area of ​​the analysis model database in a sparse matrix storage format. The sparse matrix storage format adopts a compressed row storage format, and the stored content includes: an array of non-zero element values, an array of column indices, and an array of row pointers. The matrix dimension of the overall governing equations is equal to the total number of displacement degrees of freedom of all grid nodes, i.e., the total number of nodes multiplied by 3.

[0131] The node coordinates and element connectivity of all tetrahedral elements in the finite element analysis mesh after the boundary conditions are bound are written into the mesh storage area of ​​the analysis model database. Node coordinates are stored as a three-dimensional floating-point array, with each node containing X, Y, and Z coordinate values. Element connectivity is stored as an integer array, with each tetrahedral element corresponding to four node numbers.

[0132] The material property data attached to each tetrahedral element is written to the attribute storage area of ​​the analysis model database in the form of key-value pairs. The key in the key-value pair is the attribute name string, and the value is the attribute value. Each tetrahedral element corresponds to a list of key-value pairs, containing the concrete strength grade value, the reinforcement ratio value, and the concrete elastic modulus value.

[0133] A first index mapping table is established between the equation system storage area and the grid storage area in the analysis model database. The first index mapping table records the correspondence between the displacement degree of freedom numbers and the grid node numbers in the equation system. Each row of the mapping table contains two fields: node number and the corresponding displacement degree of freedom start number (X, Y, and Z degrees of freedom correspond to start number, start number + 1, and start number + 2, respectively).

[0134] A second index mapping table is established between the grid storage area and the attribute storage area in the analysis model database. The second index mapping table records the correspondence between grid cell numbers and the list of attribute key-value pairs. Each row of the mapping table contains two fields: the cell number and a pointer to the starting address of the key-value pair list in the attribute storage area.

[0135] The analysis model database, carrying the first and second index mapping tables, is packaged into a single editable binary file as the editable hydraulic structure analysis model. The packaging operation writes all storage area data and index mapping table data from the analysis model database into a single file with the .bim extension, following a predefined binary file format. Lossless compression is used during packaging. The lossless compression algorithm employed is the deflate compression algorithm from the zlib library, with a compression level set to 6. The deflate compression algorithm's compression level ranges from 0 to 9, where 0 represents no compression and 9 represents maximum compression. The compression level is set to 6 because it strikes a balance between compression ratio and compression speed, making it suitable for engineering data storage scenarios.

[0136] The finite element analysis mesh is read from the editable hydraulic structure analysis model, and a dam cross-section to be analyzed is selected on the finite element analysis mesh. The selection of the dam cross-section is determined by the coordinate range along the dam axis specified by the user. For example, the user specifies the Y coordinate value as... Then select all tetrahedral elements that intersect the plane Y= Intersecting units.

[0137] The nodes of all tetrahedral elements on the dam's cross-section are projected onto a two-dimensional plane to generate a two-dimensional cross-sectional mesh. The two-dimensional plane is defined as the plane formed by the X-axis (upstream and downstream direction of the dam) and the Z-axis (vertical direction). The projection operation replaces the Y-coordinate value of each node's three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, Z) with 0, while retaining the X and Z coordinate values. After projection, all tetrahedral elements intersecting the cross-section are cut into two-dimensional polygons (triangles or quadrilaterals), which constitute the two-dimensional cross-sectional mesh.

[0138] Multiple stress observation lines are arranged along the dam height direction on the two-dimensional cross-sectional grid. The number of stress observation lines is set to 10. Each observation line is distributed in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction), and the spacing between adjacent observation lines is equal to the average value of the dam height segments. Each observation line is a horizontal line segment on the two-dimensional cross-sectional grid, extending from the upstream boundary of the dam body to the downstream boundary of the dam body.

[0139] The nodes on each stress observation line are arranged into a stress observation point sequence from the upstream face of the dam to the downstream face of the dam. The order is based on the X-coordinate value of the nodes, arranged from smallest to largest.

[0140] The stress component values ​​of each node in the stress observation point sequence are extracted from the overall governing equations and stored as a cross-sectional stress distribution dataset. The stress component values ​​include the normal stress in the X direction. Z-direction normal stress and shear stress in the XZ direction The extraction method is as follows: the nodal displacement vectors are obtained by solving the overall control equations, the nodal strain tensor components are calculated based on the displacement vectors, and the nodal stress tensor components are calculated based on the strain tensor components and the concrete elastic modulus.

[0141] The stress distribution dataset of the cross-section is output in the form of a two-dimensional table. The first column of the two-dimensional table is the node number, the second column is the X-coordinate value, the third column is the Z-coordinate value, and the fourth column is... The fifth column contains numerical values. The values ​​are in the sixth column. Numerical values. The table is saved as a file in CSV format.

[0142] The global governing equations are read from the editable hydraulic structure analysis model, and a preprocessing conjugate gradient iterative solution operation is performed on the global governing equations to obtain the displacement vector of each tetrahedral element node. The preprocessor for the preprocessing conjugate gradient iterative solution operation uses diagonal scaling preprocessing, i.e., Jacobian preprocessing. The iterative convergence condition is set as follows: the L2 norm of the residual vector is less than... The maximum number of iterations is set to 1000. After solving, the displacement vectors of all nodes are obtained. It includes the X, Y, and Z displacement components of each node.

[0143] The strain tensor components of each tetrahedral element node are calculated based on the displacement vector. For each tetrahedral element, the strain tensor components at each integration point within the element are obtained by multiplying the shape function derivative matrix with the nodal displacement vector. The strain tensor components include... , , , , , .

[0144] The stress tensor components of each tetrahedral element node are calculated based on the strain tensor components of each node and the elastic modulus of the concrete to which the tetrahedral element is attached. The stress tensor components are calculated using an isotropic linear elastic constitutive relation, and the formula is as follows: ; in: This refers to the elastic modulus of concrete. This refers to the Poisson's ratio of concrete. For strain tensor components, The symbol for Kronecker. For volumetric strain ( The calculated stress tensor components include... , , , , , .

[0145] The displacement vector, strain tensor components, and stress tensor components are stored in the analysis result dataset using node numbers as indices. The analysis result dataset adopts a hash table structure, where the key is an integer node number and the value is a structure containing three fields: displacement vector (three floating-point numbers), strain tensor components (six floating-point numbers), and stress tensor components (six floating-point numbers).

[0146] The analysis result dataset is written back to the results storage area in the editable hydraulic structure analysis model. The results storage area is located in the new area of ​​the analysis model database, alongside the grid storage area and the attribute storage area.

[0147] Read the finite element analysis mesh and the analysis result dataset from the editable hydraulic structure analysis model.

[0148] On the finite element analysis mesh, all tetrahedral elements whose first principal stress value in the stress tensor components exceeds the concrete tensile strength threshold are searched as cracking risk elements. The concrete tensile strength threshold is determined based on the concrete strength grade to which the tetrahedral element is attached: 2.01 MPa for C30 concrete; 2.39 MPa for C40 concrete; and 2.64 MPa for C50 concrete. The first principal stress value is calculated from the stress tensor components by solving for the three principal stress values ​​of the stress tensor and taking the maximum value.

[0149] The spatial area occupied by all crack risk elements is marked as a potential crack zone. The marking method is to create an identifier array in the analysis model database, set the identifier position corresponding to the element number of the crack risk element to 1, and set the identifier position of other elements to 0.

[0150] On the finite element analysis mesh, all mesh nodes whose vertical component values ​​of the displacement vector exceed the foundation settlement threshold are searched and identified as settlement risk nodes. The foundation settlement threshold is set at 50 mm. The vertical component value is the Z-direction displacement component in the displacement vector, in millimeters.

[0151] All tetrahedral elements connected to all settlement risk nodes are marked as potential settlement zones. The marking method is to create another identifier array in the analysis model database, and for each settlement risk node, traverse all tetrahedral elements to which the node belongs and set the corresponding identifier position of these elements to 1.

[0152] The potential cracking zone and the potential settlement zone are overlaid on the initial 3D geometric model, and the overlaid initial 3D geometric model is output as a visualization model for hydraulic structure risk assessment. During overlay, the potential cracking zone is rendered using a red semi-transparent material, the potential settlement zone using a blue semi-transparent material, and the initial 3D geometric model is displayed using a gray wireframe. The output format is a VRML file with the .wrl extension, containing geometric data, color data, and transparency data.

[0153] The technical solution provided in this embodiment attaches material property data as attribute fields to each grid cell of the triangular mesh on the dam surface during the initial three-dimensional geometric model construction stage. Simultaneously, based on geological survey data, a layered foundation entity is generated beneath the dam. This ensures that the initial three-dimensional geometric model not only includes geometric shape but also carries complete physical property information. This approach allows the finite element analysis mesh to automatically inherit the material properties attached to the geometric cells during subsequent mesh generation, avoiding the tedious manual assignment of material parameters to each finite element cell in traditional methods. It also reduces potential omissions and errors during data transfer, improving the automation level and data consistency of model construction.

[0154] Example 2 This application also provides a speed adaptive control system for large and medium-sized water diversion pumping stations, including a processor, a memory, and a program or instructions stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the program or instructions are executed by the processor, they implement the various processes of the above-described embodiment of the hydraulic structure analysis model construction method based on BIM technology and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, they will not be described again here.

[0155] It should be noted that the adaptive control system for the speed of large and medium-sized water transfer pumping stations in this application embodiment includes the mobile adaptive control system for the speed of large and medium-sized water transfer pumping stations and the non-mobile adaptive control system for the speed of large and medium-sized water transfer pumping stations as described above.

[0156] Example 3 This application also provides a readable storage medium storing a program or instructions. When the program or instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the various processes of the above-described embodiment of the hydraulic structure analysis model construction method based on BIM technology and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, they will not be described again here.

[0157] The processor mentioned above is the processor in the adaptive speed control system for large and medium-sized water pumping stations described in the above embodiments. The readable storage medium includes computer-readable storage media, such as computer read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0158] Example 4 This application also provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled to the processor. The processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the various processes of the above-described embodiment of the hydraulic structure analysis model construction method based on BIM technology, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0159] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of this application may also be referred to as a system-on-a-chip, system chip, chip system, or system-on-a-chip, etc.

[0160] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or system that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or system. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or system that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and systems in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0161] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a computer software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, disk, optical disk), and includes several instructions to cause a terminal (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0162] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art, under the guidance of this application, can make many modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, all of which fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0163] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment and the technical principles employed in this application. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions that can be made by those skilled in the art will not depart from the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, although this application has been described in detail through the above embodiments, this application is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of this application, the scope of which is determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a hydraulic structure analysis model based on BIM technology, characterized in that, The method includes: S1. Collect three types of heterogeneous data: geometric dimensions, material properties, and geological survey data of hydraulic structures, and integrate them to generate the original input dataset; S2. Based on the BIM data structure, construct three-dimensional mesh data of hydraulic structures carrying material properties using the original input dataset, and generate the layered entities of the foundation under the hydraulic structures by combining the geological survey data, and stitch them together to obtain the initial three-dimensional geometric model. S3. Mesh the initial three-dimensional geometric model to generate a dedicated three-dimensional solid finite element analysis mesh for hydraulic structures; S4. Associate and bind the finite element analysis mesh with the upstream and downstream hydraulic boundary conditions and displacement constraint conditions; S5. Combining the material property data, the hydraulic boundary conditions, and the geological exploration data, a multi-physics field coupling relationship between hydrostatic pressure load, structural stress, and foundation reaction is simultaneously established on the finite element analysis grid. S6. Encapsulate and output the finite element analysis mesh of the multiphysics coupling relationship as an editable hydraulic structure analysis model.

2. The method for constructing a hydraulic structure analysis model based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 specifically includes: Extract the outline coordinates, height segments, and top surface width of hydraulic structures from hydraulic design drawings as geometric dimension data; Extract the concrete strength, elastic modulus, and reinforcement ratio of hydraulic structures from the design specification documents as material property data; The thickness of soil and rock layers, internal friction angle, and cohesion are extracted from the geological survey report as geological survey data. The geometric dimension data, material property data, and geological exploration data are unified into a standard table format to obtain the original input dataset.

3. The method for constructing a hydraulic structure analysis model based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2 specifically includes: Read geometric dimension data to generate a three-dimensional control point cloud of hydraulic structures, and connect the control points to form a triangular mesh on the surface of the hydraulic structures. Material property data is attached to each cell of the triangular mesh as attribute fields; Based on the thickness of the soil and rock layers, a multi-layered foundation entity is generated below the hydraulic structure. The triangular mesh on the surface of the hydraulic structure is merged with the foundation layer entity to obtain the initial three-dimensional geometric model.

4. The method for constructing a hydraulic structure analysis model based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S3 involves performing a mesh generation operation on the initial three-dimensional geometric model to generate a finite element analysis mesh, specifically including: Perform boundary recognition operations on the triangular mesh of the hydraulic structure surface in the initial three-dimensional geometric model to obtain the external contour boundary line and the internal hole boundary line of the hydraulic structure. The boundary constraints of the constrained Delaunay triangulation are generated based on the external outline boundary line of the hydraulic structure and the internal hole boundary line of the hydraulic structure. Under the control of the boundary constraints, a three-dimensional tetrahedral mesh filling operation is performed on the internal region enclosed by the triangular mesh on the surface of the hydraulic structure. Perform Jacobian ratio detection on each tetrahedral cell generated by the three-dimensional tetrahedral mesh filling operation; Tetrahedral elements with Jacobian ratios below a preset threshold are marked as malformed elements, and a local mesh re-division operation is performed on the malformed elements. The set of all tetrahedral elements after the local mesh re-division operation is used as the finite element analysis mesh.

5. The method for constructing a hydraulic structure analysis model based on BIM technology according to claim 4, characterized in that, The local mesh re-division operation uses the Laplace smoothing algorithm to iteratively adjust the node coordinates of the malformed cells.

6. The method for constructing a hydraulic structure analysis model based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S4, which involves associating and binding the finite element analysis mesh with the hydraulic boundary conditions of the hydraulic structure, specifically includes: Read the upstream and downstream design water levels of the hydraulic structure from the original input dataset; Search for all grid nodes located on the surface of the upstream hydraulic structure in the finite element analysis mesh, and bind the upstream design water level value to the grid nodes on the surface of the upstream hydraulic structure according to the type of pressure boundary condition; Search for all grid nodes located on the surface of the downstream hydraulic structure in the finite element analysis mesh, and bind the downstream design water level value to the grid nodes on the surface of the downstream hydraulic structure with the type of pressure boundary condition; Search for all mesh nodes located on the bottom surface of the hydraulic structure in the finite element analysis mesh, and constrain all displacement degrees of freedom of the mesh nodes on the bottom surface of the hydraulic structure to zero. Store the finite element analysis mesh carrying pressure boundary conditions and displacement constraints as a finite element analysis mesh with bound boundary conditions.

7. The method for constructing a hydraulic structure analysis model based on BIM technology according to claim 1, 2, or 6, characterized in that, Step S5 specifically includes: Read the concrete strength grade and concrete elastic modulus values ​​attached to each tetrahedral element in the finite element analysis mesh after the boundary conditions are bound. Based on the concrete strength grade value and the concrete elastic modulus value, calculate the stress-strain constitutive matrix of each tetrahedral element under hydrostatic pressure. Read the upstream and downstream design water level values ​​bound in the finite element analysis mesh after the boundary conditions are bound, and calculate the water pressure load vector borne by each tetrahedral element. Read the thickness values ​​of the foundation soil and rock layers, the internal friction angle values, and the cohesion values ​​from the original input dataset, and calculate the foundation reaction vector for each grid node on the bottom surface of the hydraulic structure; The stress-strain constitutive matrix, the water pressure load vector, and the foundation reaction vector are combined into a set of overall governing equations, which serve as the multiphysics coupling relationship. The overall control equations are assembled using the displacement method in the finite element method, with nodal displacement vectors as the basic unknowns.

8. The method for constructing a hydraulic structure analysis model based on BIM technology according to claim 7, characterized in that, Step S6, which outputs the finite element analysis mesh carrying the multiphysics coupling relationship as an editable hydraulic structure analysis model, specifically includes: The overall control equation set is written into the equation set storage area of ​​the analysis model database in a sparse matrix storage format; Write the node coordinates and element connection relationships of all tetrahedral elements in the finite element analysis mesh after the boundary conditions are bound into the mesh storage area of ​​the analysis model database; The material property data attached to each tetrahedral unit is written into the attribute storage area of ​​the analysis model database in the form of key-value pairs; Establish a first index mapping table between the equation system storage area and the grid storage area in the analysis model database; A second index mapping table is established between the grid storage area and the attribute storage area in the analysis model database; The analysis model database carrying the first index mapping table and the second index mapping table is packaged into a single binary editable file as the editable hydraulic structure analysis model; When packaging the analysis model database into a single editable binary file, a lossless compression algorithm is used for compression and storage.

9. The method for constructing a hydraulic structure analysis model based on BIM technology according to claim 4, characterized in that: The preset threshold for the Jacobian ratio is set to 0.2, and the number of iterations is fixed at 5 when performing Laplace smoothing iterative adjustment on the malformed units.

10. The method for constructing a hydraulic structure analysis model based on BIM technology according to claim 7, characterized in that: When calculating the water pressure load vector of a tetrahedral element, the water pressure intensity is calculated using the following formula: ,when ; in, The water pressure intensity of a tetrahedral element, and the density of water. The value is taken as 1000 kg / m³, and the gravitational acceleration g is taken as 9.81 m / s²; when the vertical coordinate of the unit centroid... Greater than the upstream design water level At that time, the water pressure intensity of this unit is assigned a value of 0.

Images