A waste incineration fly ash collection and treatment device and its usage method

Abstract

This invention discloses a waste incineration fly ash collection and treatment device and its usage method, relating to the field of waste treatment technology. The invention includes a frame and a collection box mounted on top of the frame. A neutralization mechanism is provided on one side of the collection box. The neutralization mechanism includes an annular diversion pipe located on one side of the collection box, through which the fly ash is neutralized. This invention constructs a multi-stage purification fly ash treatment process through the synergistic cooperation of the neutralization mechanism, adsorption mechanism, and filtration mechanism. The neutralization mechanism utilizes the annular diversion pipe to atomize and spray alkaline coolant, effectively neutralizing acidic substances in the fly ash airflow and simultaneously cooling the high-temperature airflow to prevent subsequent equipment thermal damage. The adsorption mechanism, utilizing the Venturi effect formed by the inner and outer pipes, uniformly absorbs powdered activated carbon and thoroughly mixes it with the fly ash, significantly improving the adsorption efficiency for toxic pollutants such as heavy metals and dioxins.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of waste treatment technology, and in particular relates to a waste incineration fly ash collection and treatment device and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Waste incineration is one of the main methods of urban waste disposal, with advantages such as good volume reduction and high resource utilization. However, a large amount of fly ash is generated during the waste incineration process. Fly ash not only contains toxic and harmful substances such as heavy metals and dioxins, but also often contains acidic gas residues. If it is discharged directly without proper treatment, it will cause serious harm to the atmospheric environment and human health.

[0003] A patent application with publication number CN113842730B discloses a waste incineration fly ash collection and treatment device, including a box body. Inside the box body, a spraying device, a power device, a partition, a first filter screen, and a second filter screen are fixedly connected. A brushing device is installed at the upper end of the partition, and a knocking device is fixedly connected at the lower end of the brushing device. A discharge device is fixedly connected at the lower end of the box body. An air inlet pipe is fixedly connected at the front end of the box body, and an air outlet pipe is fixedly connected at the rear end of the box body. The overall structure is simple and the manufacturing cost is low. It can collect fly ash with simple operation.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned technical solutions mainly rely on physical filtration through filters, lacking effective means to treat acidic gases and harmful pollutants in fly ash. They are difficult to achieve deep purification of fly ash airflow, and directly discharging the filtered airflow into the atmosphere will still contain pollutants exceeding the standard, which will still cause air pollution and fail to meet increasingly stringent environmental emission standards. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a waste incineration fly ash collection and treatment device and its usage method. By combining a neutralization mechanism, an adsorption mechanism, and a filtration mechanism, it solves the problem that existing waste incineration fly ash collection and treatment devices rely solely on filter screens, resulting in poor treatment efficiency.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution.

[0007] This invention relates to a waste incineration fly ash collection and treatment device, comprising a frame, a collection box mounted on top of the frame, and a neutralization mechanism on one side of the collection box. The neutralization mechanism includes an annular diversion pipe on one side of the collection box, which neutralizes the fly ash. An adsorption mechanism is mounted above the frame, comprising an inner tube mounted above the frame and inside the collection box, and an outer tube mounted on the surface of the inner tube, which adsorbs pollutants in the fly ash. A filtration mechanism is mounted on one side inside the collection box, comprising a filter screen on one side of the collection box, which filters the fly ash.

[0008] The present invention is further configured such that the neutralization mechanism includes a connecting pipe disposed on one side of the annular diverter pipe, a movable pipe sleeved on the surface of the connecting pipe, a liquid storage tank disposed above the movable pipe, a pressure pump connected to the liquid storage tank on the side near the movable pipe, a horizontal pipe connected to the liquid outlet end of the pressure pump, a bend disposed on the side of the horizontal pipe away from the pressure pump, and an adjustment component disposed on one side of the bend.

[0009] The present invention is further configured such that the adsorption mechanism includes a storage cylinder disposed above the outer tube, a conveying pipe connected to the lower part of the storage cylinder, a support plate disposed on one side of the conveying pipe, a motor mounted on the support plate near the side of the conveying pipe, a rotating rod mounted on the output end of the motor, an auger mounted on the end of the rotating rod away from the motor and located inside the conveying pipe, a guide pipe connected to the end of the conveying pipe away from the rotating rod, a guide cover mounted on the end of the conveying pipe away from the motor and located inside the guide pipe, and a turbulence component disposed below the guide pipe.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that the filtering mechanism includes a vertical plate disposed on one side of the filter screen, a horizontal plate disposed on the top of the filter screen, a fixed cylinder installed below the horizontal plate, a spring installed at the top of the fixed cylinder, a movable frame installed at the bottom of the spring, and a toggle assembly disposed on one side of the vertical plate.

[0011] The present invention is further configured such that the adjusting component includes a fixed plate disposed on one side of the bend, a movable plate sleeved on the surface of the fixed plate, limiting holes respectively opened on the top of the movable plate and the fixed plate, a limiting pin inserted into the limiting hole, a fixed frame disposed below the movable plate, a first guide ring mounted on the surface of the fixed frame, a second guide ring disposed on one side of the first guide ring, and a third guide ring disposed on the side of the second guide ring away from the first guide ring.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that the turbulence component includes a fixed rod disposed below the feed tube and a spiral guide vane mounted on the surface of the fixed rod.

[0013] The present invention is further configured such that the actuating assembly includes a drive rod disposed on one side of the vertical plate and actuating wheels respectively mounted on both sides of the surface of the drive rod.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that a collection cover is provided inside the collection box, an ash discharge valve is installed at the bottom of the collection cover, a through pipe is connected to the bottom of the ash discharge valve, the bottom of the through pipe extends through to the bottom of the collection box and is connected to the box body, and a collection shell is provided inside the box body.

[0015] The present invention is further configured such that a limit rod is threadedly connected to one side of the ash discharge valve.

[0016] A method of using a waste incineration fly ash collection and treatment device includes the following steps:

[0017] S1: The incinerated fly ash gas flow is introduced through the connecting pipe to make the pressure pump work. The alkaline coolant in the storage tank is sprayed out in an atomized state through the horizontal pipe and the bend pipe from the annular diverter pipe. At the same time, it neutralizes the acidic substances in the fly ash and cools the incoming fly ash gas flow.

[0018] S2: The cooled fly ash airflow enters through the inner pipe and forms a Venturi effect with the outer pipe, which draws in and mixes the powdered activated carbon particles conveyed by the screw conveyor at the guide hood, so as to adsorb pollutants in the fly ash.

[0019] S3: The fly ash airflow after neutralization and adsorption is filtered by the filter screen, forming clean air that is discharged, while the filtered fly ash is deposited in the collection hood and collected.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: A multi-stage purification process for fly ash treatment is constructed through the synergistic cooperation of a neutralization mechanism, an adsorption mechanism, and a filtration mechanism. The neutralization mechanism utilizes an annular diverter to atomize and spray alkaline coolant, effectively neutralizing acidic substances in the fly ash gas stream and simultaneously cooling the high-temperature gas stream to prevent thermal damage to subsequent equipment. The adsorption mechanism, leveraging the Venturi effect formed by the inner and outer tubes, uniformly absorbs powdered activated carbon and thoroughly mixes it with the fly ash, significantly improving the adsorption efficiency for toxic pollutants such as heavy metals and dioxins. The filtration mechanism uses a filter screen for final filtration of the treated gas stream, ensuring the cleanliness of the emitted gas. Simultaneously, a toggle mechanism causes the filter screen to periodically vibrate, in conjunction with a spring. The reset function effectively prevents filter clogging and extends maintenance cycles. Furthermore, the adjustment component, by altering the guide ring combination and fly ash airflow cross-section, can flexibly adjust the neutralization intensity based on emission test results, enhancing the device's adaptability to different operating conditions. The turbulence component extends the mixing path between activated carbon and fly ash through spiral guide vanes, further improving adsorption efficiency. The structural design of the collection hood, ash discharge valve, and collection shell facilitates centralized discharge and transfer of fly ash, simplifying operation. Overall, this device addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies that rely solely on physical filtration and suffer from poor treatment effects. It achieves a unified approach to neutralization and cooling, adsorption and purification, filtration and anti-clogging, and flexible control, offering advantages such as high treatment efficiency, stable operation, and strong adaptability. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a waste incineration fly ash collection and treatment device and its usage method.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a rear view of a waste incineration fly ash collection and treatment device and its usage method.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the collection box in a waste incineration fly ash collection and treatment device and its usage method.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the movable pipe in a waste incineration fly ash collection and treatment device and its usage method.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a front view of the fixing frame in a waste incineration fly ash collection and treatment device and its usage method.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the movable plate in a waste incineration fly ash collection and treatment device and its usage method.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the outer pipe in a waste incineration fly ash collection and treatment device and its usage method.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the fixed cylinder in a waste incineration fly ash collection and treatment device and its usage method.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the ash discharge valve in a waste incineration fly ash collection and treatment device and its usage method.

[0031] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the housing in a waste incineration fly ash collection and treatment device and its usage method.

[0032] Figure 11 This is a diagram showing the connection state of the filter screen and the vertical plate in a waste incineration fly ash collection and treatment device and its usage method.

[0033] In the attached diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Collection tank; 3. Neutralization mechanism; 31. Annular diverter pipe; 32. Connecting pipe; 33. Movable pipe; 34. Storage tank; 35. Pressure pump; 36. Horizontal pipe; 37. Bend pipe; 38. Adjustment assembly; 381. Fixed plate; 382. Movable plate; 383. Limiting hole; 384. Limiting pin; 385. Fixed frame; 386. First guide ring; 387. Second guide ring; 388. Third guide ring; 4. Adsorption mechanism; 41. Inner pipe; 42. Outer pipe; 43. Storage cylinder; 44. 45. Conveying pipe; 46. Support plate; 47. Motor; 48. Rotating rod; 49. Screw; 40. Guide pipe; 411. Guide cover; 412. Turbulence assembly; 413. Fixing rod; 414. Spiral guide vane; 5. Filtering mechanism; 51. Filter screen; 52. Vertical plate; 53. Horizontal plate; 54. Fixing cylinder; 55. Spring; 56. Movable frame; 57. Actuating assembly; 571. Drive rod; 572. Actuating wheel; 6. Collection cover; 7. Ash discharge valve; 8. Through pipe; 9. Box body; 10. Collection shell; 11. Limiting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Please see Figures 1-11This invention relates to a waste incineration fly ash collection and treatment device, comprising a frame 1, a collection box 2 mounted on top of the frame 1, and a neutralization mechanism 3 disposed on one side of the collection box 2; the neutralization mechanism 3 includes an annular diversion pipe 31 disposed on one side of the collection box 2, through which the fly ash is neutralized; an adsorption mechanism 4 is disposed above the frame 1, the adsorption mechanism 4 including an inner tube 41 disposed above the frame 1 and inside the collection box 2, and an outer tube 42 disposed on the surface of the inner tube 41, the adsorption mechanism 4 adsorbs pollutants in the fly ash. The process involves adsorption of pollutants. A filter mechanism 5 is installed on one side of the inside of the collection box 2. The filter mechanism 5 includes a filter screen 51 installed on one side of the inside of the collection box 2. The fly ash is filtered through the filter mechanism 5. The neutralization mechanism 3 also includes a connecting pipe 32 installed on one side of the annular diversion pipe 31, a movable pipe 33 sleeved on the surface of the connecting pipe 32, a liquid storage tank 34 installed above the movable pipe 33, a pressure pump 35 connected to the side of the liquid storage tank 34 near the movable pipe 33, and a horizontal pipe 36 connected to the outlet end of the pressure pump 35. The suction mechanism 4 includes a bend 37 on the side away from the pressure pump 35, an adjustment component 38 on one side of the bend 37, a storage cylinder 43 above the outer pipe 42, a conveying pipe 44 connected to the bottom of the storage cylinder 43, a support plate 45 on one side of the conveying pipe 44, a motor 46 mounted on the support plate 45 near the conveying pipe 44, a rotating rod 47 mounted on the output end of the motor 46, and an auger 48 mounted on the end of the rotating rod 47 away from the motor 46 and located inside the conveying pipe 44, and a connection to the side of the conveying pipe 44. The filter mechanism 5 includes a guide pipe 49 at one end away from the rotating rod 47, a guide cover 410 installed at the end of the conveying pipe 44 away from the motor 46 and located inside the guide pipe 49, a turbulence assembly 411 set below the guide pipe 49, a vertical plate 52 set on one side of the filter screen 51, a horizontal plate 53 set on the top of the filter screen 51, a fixed cylinder 54 installed below the horizontal plate 53, a spring 55 installed at the top inside the fixed cylinder 54, a movable frame 56 installed at the bottom of the spring 55, and a toggle assembly 57 set on one side of the vertical plate 52.

[0037] Fixing holes are provided on all four sides of the top of the frame 1. The collection box 2 is made of heat-insulating material. An inspection plate is installed in front of the collection box 2 by bolts. An exhaust pipe is connected to the side of the collection box 2 away from the connecting pipe 32. A flange is installed on the surface of the end of the connecting pipe 32 away from the collection box 2. The bottom of the liquid storage tank 34 is fixedly connected to the collection box 2. The liquid storage tank 34 stores alkaline coolant. An inlet pipe is connected to the top of the liquid storage tank 34. A drain pipe is connected to one side of the liquid storage tank 34. Both the inlet pipe and the drain pipe are threaded with pipe caps. A support is installed at the bottom of the pressure pump 35. The support is fixedly connected to the liquid storage tank 34 through a connecting bracket. The end of the bend pipe 37 away from the horizontal pipe 36 extends into the interior of the movable pipe 33 and connects to the annular diverter pipe 31. The bend pipe 37 and the movable pipe 33 are fixedly connected. The annular diverter pipe 31 is designed as an atomizing nozzle. The horizontal pipe 36 is sleeved on the surface of the bend pipe 37.

[0038] The inner tube 41 extends to the outside of the collection box 2 at the end away from the outer tube 42. The inner tube 41 is fixedly connected to the collection box 2. The movable tube 33 is sleeved on the surface of the inner tube 41 at the end away from the connecting tube 32. The inner tube 41 and the outer tube 42 cooperate to form a Venturi tube. The storage cylinder 43 stores powdered activated carbon inside. The bottom of the storage cylinder 43 is fixedly connected to the collection box 2. One side of its top is connected to an air supply pipe. A one-way valve is sleeved on the surface of the air supply pipe. The other side of its top is connected to a feed pipe. A sealing cap is threaded onto the surface of the feed pipe. The bottom of the support plate 45 is fixedly connected to the collection box 2. The rotating rod 47 extends to the inside of the conveying pipe 44 at the end away from the motor 46 and is fixedly connected to the auger 48. The rotating rod 47 is rotatably connected to the conveying pipe 44 through a bearing. The guide pipe 49 extends to the inside of the collection box 2 at the end away from the conveying pipe 44 and is connected to the outer tube 42. The guide pipe 49 is fixedly connected to the collection box 2.

[0039] The filter screen 51 is in close contact with the vertical plate 52 and the collection box 2. The top of the vertical plate 52 is fixedly connected to the collection box 2. The horizontal plate 53 is fixedly connected to the collection box 2. The bottom of the movable frame 56 extends through to the bottom of the fixed cylinder 54 and is fixedly connected to the filter screen 51. The outer tube 42 is fixedly connected to the vertical plate 52. Slider blocks are installed at the front and rear of the movable frame 56. Slide grooves that match the sliders are opened at the front and rear of the fixed cylinder 54.

[0040] Neutralization mechanism 3 neutralizes acidic substances in fly ash and cools the high-temperature fly ash airflow to prevent thermal damage to subsequent equipment. Adsorption mechanism 4 uses the Venturi effect to draw in powdered activated carbon and adsorb toxic pollutants in fly ash. Filtration mechanism 5 performs final filtration on the neutralized and adsorbed fly ash airflow to form clean air for discharge, while preventing filter screen 51 from clogging.

[0041] During operation, the connecting pipe 32 is connected to the fly ash discharge pipe of the waste incineration equipment through the flange. The fly ash gas flows into the interior of the movable pipe 33 through the connecting pipe 32, causing the pressure pump 35 to work. The alkaline coolant in the storage tank 34 is sprayed out in an atomized state from the annular diversion pipe 31 through the horizontal pipe 36 and the bend pipe 37 to neutralize the acidic substances in the fly ash and cool the fly ash, so as to avoid thermal damage to the subsequent filter screen 51.

[0042] After neutralization, the fly ash airflow enters the inner tube 41, causing the motor 46 to work and drive the rotating rod 47 and the auger 48 to rotate, conveying the powdered activated carbon to the guide hood 410. When the airflow passes through the inner tube 41 and the outer tube 42, the Venturi effect will draw in the powdered activated carbon at the guide hood 410 and mix it with the fly ash, adsorbing the toxic pollutants in the fly ash.

[0043] After neutralization and adsorption treatment, the fly ash airflow is blown toward the filter screen 51. Under the blocking and filtering effect of the filter screen 51, clean gas is formed and discharged through the exhaust pipe. Fly ash and activated carbon are blocked and deposited in the collection hood 6 for collection.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] Please see Figures 4-6 Based on Embodiment 1, the adjustment assembly 38 includes a fixed plate 381 disposed on one side of the bend 37, a movable plate 382 sleeved on the surface of the fixed plate 381, limiting holes 383 respectively opened on the top of the movable plate 382 and the fixed plate 381, a limiting pin 384 inserted into the limiting hole 383, a fixed frame 385 disposed below the movable plate 382, ​​a first guide ring 386 mounted on the surface of the fixed frame 385, a second guide ring 387 disposed on one side of the first guide ring 386, and a third guide ring 388 disposed on the side of the second guide ring 387 away from the first guide ring 386.

[0046] The fixed plate 381 is fixedly connected to the collection box 2, the movable plate 382 is fixedly connected to the movable tube 33, the movable plate 382 and the fixed plate 381 are fixed by the limiting pin 384, the connecting tube 32 and the inner tube 41 are fixedly connected to the fixed frame 385, the second guide ring 387 and the third guide ring 388 are both installed on the surface of the fixed frame 385, and the diameters of the first guide ring 386, the second guide ring 387 and the third guide ring 388 increase sequentially.

[0047] During operation, the fly ash airflow entering the connecting pipe 32 has a smaller flow cross-section under the action of the first guide ring 386, which allows the fly ash airflow to fully contact the atomizing liquid. This avoids the situation where the outer layer of fly ash airflow contacts the atomizing liquid while the inner layer does not, which would occur due to the straight-through design, and allows acidic substances to be neutralized better.

[0048] The acidity or alkalinity of the gas discharged through the exhaust pipe can be tested using existing mature equipment. If it is still acidic, the limit pin 384 is removed, and the movable plate 382 moves the movable pipe 33, the annular diverter pipe 31 and the bend pipe 37 simultaneously. This changes the cross-sectional area of ​​the fly ash airflow, making the amount of atomized liquid carried in the fly ash airflow more sufficient, so as to fully remove acidic substances.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] Please see Figure 7 Based on Embodiments 1 and 2, the turbulence assembly 411 includes a fixed rod 4111 disposed below the feed tube 49 and a spiral guide vane 4112 mounted on the surface of the fixed rod 4111.

[0051] The fixed rod 4111 is located inside the outer tube 42, and the spiral guide vane 4112 is fixedly connected to the outer tube 42.

[0052] After the powdered activated carbon is inhaled, it is continuously impacted and mixed under the action of the spiral channel formed by the spiral guide plate 4112 and the outer tube 42, so that the pollutants in the fly ash are fully adsorbed.

[0053] Example 4

[0054] Please see Figure 3 Based on Embodiments 1 to 3, the toggle assembly 57 includes a drive rod 571 disposed on one side of the vertical plate 52 and toggle wheels 572 respectively installed on both sides of the surface of the drive rod 571.

[0055] The drive rod 571 is rotatably connected to the vertical plate 52 and the collection box 2 via bearings. The drive rod 571 and the rotating rod 47 are both equipped with synchronous pulleys. The two synchronous pulleys are connected by a synchronous belt drive. The synchronous pulleys drive the synchronous belt through tooth meshing. The synchronous pulleys, the synchronous belt, and the driving method between them are all existing mature technologies and will not be described in detail here. The synchronous belt runs through the collection box 2.

[0056] When the motor 46 drives the rotating rod 47 to rotate, it will drive the drive rod 571 to rotate through the synchronous pulley and synchronous belt. The push wheel 572 presses down on the filter screen 51, and with the help of the spring 55, the filter screen 51 shakes up and down continuously, thereby shaking off the fly ash adhering to the bottom of the filter screen 51, avoiding the filter screen 51 from clogging, and ensuring the normal operation of the filtration work.

[0057] Example 5

[0058] Please see Figure 9 and Figure 10 Based on Examples 1 to 4, a collection cover 6 is provided inside the collection box 2, a ash discharge valve 7 is installed at the bottom of the collection cover 6, a pipe 8 is connected to the bottom of the ash discharge valve 7, the bottom of the pipe 8 extends through to the bottom of the collection box 2 and is connected to the box body 9, a collection shell 10 is provided inside the box body 9, and a limit rod 11 is threadedly connected to one side of the ash discharge valve 7.

[0059] The collection cover 6 is fixedly connected to the collection box 2. The box body 9 is fixedly connected to both the collection box 2 and the frame 1. The front end of the collection shell 10 extends to the front of the box body 9. The collection shell 10 and the box body 9 are fixed by magnetic attraction. The ash discharge valve 7 is a manual opening and closing valve driven by a handwheel. The limit rod 11 is threadedly connected to the ash discharge valve 7. A socket adapted to the limit rod 11 is opened on one side of the collection box 2. The end of the limit rod 11 near the collection box 2 is located inside the socket. The size of the socket is adapted to the limit rod 11. The control end of the ash discharge valve 7 extends to the outside of the collection box 2. The control end of the ash discharge valve 7 is movably connected to the collection box 2 by a bearing.

[0060] The filtered and shaken fly ash settles in the collection hood 6. By periodically rotating the limit rod 11 to release the locking relationship between it and the collection box 2, the ash discharge valve 7 can be opened, and the fly ash can be discharged into the collection shell 10 through the through pipe 8. Pulling the collection shell 10 can remove the collected fly ash for further processing.

[0061] The foregoing has only described certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of illustration. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the foregoing drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste incineration fly ash collection and treatment device, comprising a frame (1) and a collection box (2) installed above the frame (1), characterized in that: A neutralization mechanism (3) is provided on one side of the collection box (2); The neutralization mechanism (3) includes an annular diversion pipe (31) disposed on one side of the collection box (2), through which fly ash is neutralized; An adsorption mechanism (4) is provided above the frame (1). The adsorption mechanism (4) includes an inner tube (41) located above the frame (1) and inside the collection box (2), and an outer tube (42) located on the surface of the inner tube (41). The adsorption mechanism (4) adsorbs pollutants in fly ash. A filtration mechanism (5) is provided on one side inside the collection box (2). The filtration mechanism (5) includes a filter screen (51) provided on one side inside the collection box (2) to filter fly ash.

2. The waste incineration fly ash collection and treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The neutralization mechanism (3) further includes a connecting pipe (32) disposed on one side of the annular diverter pipe (31), a movable pipe (33) sleeved on the surface of the connecting pipe (32), a storage tank (34) disposed above the movable pipe (33), a pressure pump (35) connected to the side of the storage tank (34) near the movable pipe (33), a horizontal pipe (36) connected to the outlet end of the pressure pump (35), a bend (37) disposed on the side of the horizontal pipe (36) away from the pressure pump (35), and an adjustment component (38) disposed on one side of the bend (37).

3. The waste incineration fly ash collection and treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adsorption mechanism (4) further includes a storage cylinder (43) disposed above the outer tube (42), a conveying pipe (44) connected to the bottom of the storage cylinder (43), a support plate (45) disposed on one side of the conveying pipe (44), a motor (46) installed on the side of the support plate (45) near the conveying pipe (44), a rotating rod (47) installed at the output end of the motor (46), an auger (48) installed at the end of the rotating rod (47) away from the motor (46) and located inside the conveying pipe (44), a guide pipe (49) connected to the end of the conveying pipe (44) away from the rotating rod (47), a guide cover (410) installed at the end of the conveying pipe (44) away from the motor (46) and located inside the guide pipe (49), and a turbulence assembly (411) disposed below the guide pipe (49).

4. The waste incineration fly ash collection and treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter mechanism (5) further includes a vertical plate (52) disposed on one side of the filter screen (51), a horizontal plate (53) disposed on the top of the filter screen (51), a fixed cylinder (54) installed below the horizontal plate (53), a spring (55) installed at the top inside the fixed cylinder (54), a movable frame (56) installed at the bottom of the spring (55), and a toggle assembly (57) disposed on one side of the vertical plate (52).

5. The waste incineration fly ash collection and treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly (38) includes a fixed plate (381) disposed on one side of the bend (37), a movable plate (382) sleeved on the surface of the fixed plate (381), limiting holes (383) respectively opened on the top of the movable plate (382) and the fixed plate (381), a limiting pin (384) inserted into the limiting hole (383), a fixed frame (385) disposed below the movable plate (382), a first guide ring (386) installed on the surface of the fixed frame (385), a second guide ring (387) disposed on one side of the first guide ring (386), and a third guide ring (388) disposed on the side of the second guide ring (387) away from the first guide ring (386).

6. The waste incineration fly ash collection and treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The turbulence assembly (411) includes a fixed rod (4111) disposed below the feed tube (49) and a spiral guide vane (4112) mounted on the surface of the fixed rod (4111).

7. The waste incineration fly ash collection and treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The actuation assembly (57) includes a drive rod (571) disposed on one side of the vertical plate (52) and a toggle wheel (572) respectively mounted on both sides of the surface of the drive rod (571).

8. The waste incineration fly ash collection and treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collection box (2) is equipped with a collection cover (6) inside. A ash discharge valve (7) is installed at the bottom of the collection cover (6). A pipe (8) is connected to the bottom of the ash discharge valve (7). The bottom of the pipe (8) extends through to the bottom of the collection box (2) and is connected to the box body (9). A collection shell (10) is installed inside the box body (9).

9. The waste incineration fly ash collection and treatment device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The ash discharge valve (7) has a limit rod (11) threadedly connected to one side.

10. A method of using a waste incineration fly ash collection and treatment device, based on the waste incineration fly ash collection and treatment device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: The incinerated fly ash gas flow is introduced through the connecting pipe (32) to make the pressure pump (35) work. The alkaline coolant in the storage tank (34) is sprayed out in an atomized state from the annular diversion pipe (31) through the horizontal pipe (36) and the bend pipe (37) to neutralize the acidic substances in the fly ash and cool the incoming fly ash gas flow. S2: The cooled fly ash airflow enters through the inner pipe (41) and forms a Venturi effect with the outer pipe (42), which sucks in and mixes the powdered activated carbon particles conveyed by the screw conveyor (48) at the guide hood (410) to adsorb pollutants in the fly ash. S3: The fly ash airflow after neutralization and adsorption is filtered by the filter screen (51) to form clean air to be discharged, while the filtered fly ash is deposited in the collection hood (6) and collected.

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