Jaw crusher with electromagnetic attractive and repulsive auxiliary force
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202610853215.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-06-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-11
AI Technical Summary
[0005]本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的缺陷，提供一种带电磁正吸反斥辅助力的颚式破碎机，解决现有液压式颚式破碎机仅依靠液压系统提供破碎力、夹持力不足、能耗高、液压部件易损坏、破碎效率低的问题，通过电磁力与液压力协同工作，提升破碎能力、降低设备负荷、适配多种破碎工况
[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) Dual-force synergy significantly improves crushing capacity: Electromagnetic auxiliary attraction is added on the basis of the original hydraulic driving force, which effectively improves the crushing clamping force, and can easily crush high-hardness and large-particle-size materials, solving the problems of material jamming and incomplete crushing, and significantly improving the overall crushing efficiency; (2) Reduces load and extends the life of hydraulic components: Electromagnetic force shares the working load of the hydraulic system, reduces the output pressure and operating energy consumption of the hydraulic system, reduces hydraulic oil leakage, pipeline rupture, component wear and other faults, and significantly reduces equipment operation and maintenance costs; (3) Return stroke assistance improves the efficiency of operation cycle: The moving jaw plate uses electromagnetic repulsion to assist in reset during the return stroke stage, reduces mechanical motion resistance, shortens the single swing cycle, and improves the overall operation frequency and output of the equipment. Yes; (4) Adjustable working conditions and wide range of applications: The electromagnetic controller can adjust the magnitude of the electromagnetic force according to the material characteristics and production load, and can also select the number of electromagnetic modules to be put into operation, which can be adapted to the crushing operation of various materials such as ordinary sand and gravel, high hardness ore, and construction waste; (5) Reliable structure and high safety: The electromagnetic module is embedded in the installation, with a compact structure and is not easily damaged; equipped with overload protection, temperature monitoring, and electromagnetic shielding structure, it can effectively prevent the electromagnetic components from burning out and electromagnetic radiation from interfering with surrounding equipment, and has excellent operational safety and stability; (6) Low modification cost and strong versatility: This invention can be directly modified and upgraded on the basis of the existing hydraulic jaw crusher without changing the main transmission and frame structure of the equipment. Both new and old equipment can be adapted, and the application value is high.
Smart Images
Figure CN122722331A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of crushing machinery and equipment technology, specifically to a jaw crusher with electromagnetic positive attraction and negative repulsion auxiliary forces. Background Technology
[0002] Jaw crushers are the most widely used coarse crushing equipment in mining, building materials processing, and water conservancy infrastructure. Their working principle is as follows: a hydraulic drive mechanism causes the movable jaw plate to oscillate periodically relative to the fixed jaw plate. When the movable jaw plate approaches the fixed jaw plate, it applies compression and impact to the ore, sand, and other materials in the crushing chamber, thus crushing the material. When the movable jaw plate moves away from the fixed jaw plate, it completes its return stroke and enters the next crushing cycle.
[0003] Currently, most mainstream hydraulic jaw crushers rely entirely on the hydraulic drive mechanism to provide the clamping force during the crushing process, without any auxiliary force application structures. When crushing large, high-hardness ores, the hydraulic system needs to maintain high pressure output for extended periods. This not only overloads components such as hydraulic pumps, cylinders, and pipelines, leading to issues like oil leaks, pipeline damage, and accelerated component wear, but also results in high equipment maintenance costs. Furthermore, the single hydraulic drive force has an insufficient upper limit for the crushing clamping force, which can lead to incomplete crushing and material jamming when dealing with high-hardness materials, severely reducing crushing efficiency.
[0004] In existing technologies, some crushers use mechanical springs as an auxiliary structure. However, springs can only provide a fixed elastic force and cannot dynamically adjust the force according to the material conditions. Furthermore, springs are prone to elastic fatigue and fracture failure due to long-term reciprocating force, resulting in high maintenance frequency. Other solutions use a pure electromagnetic structure to replace the hydraulic system driving the moving jaw plate. This structure has limited driving force, generates a lot of heat during operation, and has high manufacturing costs, failing to meet the needs of large-tonnage, heavy-duty crushing. Currently, there is no synergistic drive solution that utilizes electromagnetic components to increase force during the clamping stage and reduce drag during the return stage while retaining the original hydraulic drive structure. These technical challenges remain unresolved within the industry. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a jaw crusher with electromagnetic positive attraction and negative repulsion auxiliary force. This solves the problems of existing hydraulic jaw crushers that rely solely on the hydraulic system to provide crushing force, insufficient clamping force, high energy consumption, easy damage to hydraulic components, and low crushing efficiency. By working in synergy between electromagnetic force and hydraulic pressure, the crushing capacity is improved, the equipment load is reduced, and it is adaptable to various crushing conditions.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A jaw crusher with electromagnetic positive attraction and negative repulsion auxiliary force includes a frame, a fixed jaw plate, a movable jaw plate, and a hydraulic drive mechanism. The fixed jaw plate is fixedly installed inside the frame, and the movable jaw plate is oscillatingly assembled inside the frame and arranged opposite to the fixed jaw plate. The fixed jaw plate and the movable jaw plate enclose a crushing chamber. The hydraulic drive mechanism is driven by the movable jaw plate and drives the movable jaw plate to reciprocate. An electromagnetic positive attraction and negative repulsion component is provided between the working surfaces of the fixed jaw plate and the movable jaw plate. The electromagnetic attraction and repulsion assembly includes a fixed jaw electromagnetic module, a movable jaw electromagnetic module, and an electromagnetic controller. The fixed jaw electromagnetic module is embedded in the working surface of the fixed jaw plate, and the movable jaw electromagnetic module is embedded in the working surface of the movable jaw plate. The fixed jaw electromagnetic module and the movable jaw electromagnetic module are directly opposite each other. The electromagnetic controller is electrically connected to the fixed jaw electromagnetic module and the movable jaw electromagnetic module respectively, and the electromagnetic controller is linked with the hydraulic drive mechanism. When the hydraulic drive mechanism drives the moving jaw plate to clamp the fixed jaw plate, the electromagnetic controller controls the fixed jaw electromagnetic module and the moving jaw electromagnetic module to generate mutual attraction to help increase the crushing clamping force; when the hydraulic drive mechanism drives the moving jaw plate away from the fixed jaw plate to open the return stroke, the electromagnetic controller controls the fixed jaw electromagnetic module and the moving jaw electromagnetic module to generate mutual repulsion to help the moving jaw plate quickly reset.
[0007] Preferably, both the fixed jaw electromagnetic module and the moving jaw electromagnetic module are electromagnetic coil assemblies. The electromagnetic coil assembly includes an iron core and an excitation winding wound around the outside of the iron core. The iron core is formed by stacking high-permeability silicon steel sheets, and the excitation winding is wound with high-temperature resistant enameled wire. The outer surface of the electromagnetic coil assembly is covered with an insulating and wear-resistant protective layer.
[0008] Preferably, the fixed jaw electromagnetic module and the movable jaw electromagnetic module are evenly arranged along the working surface of the corresponding jaw plate, and the number of modules is set to 3 to 6 groups, with each group of electromagnetic modules being independently controlled by an electromagnetic controller.
[0009] Preferably, the hydraulic drive mechanism is equipped with an eccentric shaft position sensor, which is electrically connected to the electromagnetic controller. The electromagnetic controller collects the swing position and running signal of the moving jaw plate in real time through the eccentric shaft position sensor, and switches the polarity of the fixed jaw electromagnetic module and the moving jaw electromagnetic module and the magnitude of the output current according to the signal.
[0010] Preferably, the electromagnetic controller has a built-in current adjustment module, which is used to dynamically adjust the output magnitude of electromagnetic attraction and electromagnetic repulsion according to the material hardness and the feed rate of the equipment.
[0011] Preferably, the fixed jaw plate and the movable jaw plate are provided with mounting grooves on their working surfaces, and the electromagnetic coil assembly is embedded in the corresponding mounting groove. The outer surface of the electromagnetic coil assembly is provided with a wear-resistant support layer, which is flush with the working surface of the jaw plate.
[0012] Preferably, an electromagnetic shielding cover is provided on the outer side of the frame in the area corresponding to the electromagnetic positive attraction and negative repulsion components.
[0013] Preferably, the hydraulic drive mechanism includes a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic cylinder, and an eccentric shaft, wherein the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the moving jaw plate via the eccentric shaft.
[0014] Preferably, an overload protection module is also included, which is electrically connected to the electromagnetic controller and is used to cut off the power supply and issue an alarm signal when the electromagnetic module is overloaded or the temperature exceeds the limit.
[0015] Preferably, the electromagnetic attraction and repulsion assembly adopts a composite structure combining a permanent magnet and an electromagnetic coil; in the clamping condition, the electromagnetic coil is energized to generate an attraction force that cooperates with the permanent magnet, and in the return condition, the electromagnetic coil is energized to generate a repulsive force.
[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) Dual-force synergy significantly improves crushing capacity: Electromagnetic auxiliary attraction is added on the basis of the original hydraulic driving force, which effectively improves the crushing clamping force, and can easily crush high-hardness and large-particle-size materials, solving the problems of material jamming and incomplete crushing, and significantly improving the overall crushing efficiency; (2) Reduces load and extends the life of hydraulic components: Electromagnetic force shares the working load of the hydraulic system, reduces the output pressure and operating energy consumption of the hydraulic system, reduces hydraulic oil leakage, pipeline rupture, component wear and other faults, and significantly reduces equipment operation and maintenance costs; (3) Return stroke assistance improves the efficiency of operation cycle: The moving jaw plate uses electromagnetic repulsion to assist in reset during the return stroke stage, reduces mechanical motion resistance, shortens the single swing cycle, and improves the overall operation frequency and output of the equipment. Yes; (4) Adjustable working conditions and wide range of applications: The electromagnetic controller can adjust the magnitude of the electromagnetic force according to the material characteristics and production load, and can also select the number of electromagnetic modules to be put into operation, which can be adapted to the crushing operation of various materials such as ordinary sand and gravel, high hardness ore, and construction waste; (5) Reliable structure and high safety: The electromagnetic module is embedded in the installation, with a compact structure and is not easily damaged; equipped with overload protection, temperature monitoring, and electromagnetic shielding structure, it can effectively prevent the electromagnetic components from burning out and electromagnetic radiation from interfering with surrounding equipment, and has excellent operational safety and stability; (6) Low modification cost and strong versatility: This invention can be directly modified and upgraded on the basis of the existing hydraulic jaw crusher without changing the main transmission and frame structure of the equipment. Both new and old equipment can be adapted, and the application value is high. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the electromagnetic module mounting structure of the fixed jaw plate and the movable jaw plate of the present invention. Explanation of icon numbers: 1-Frame, 2-Fixed jaw plate, 3-Moving jaw plate, 4-Hydraulic drive mechanism, 5-Crushing chamber, 6-Electromagnetic positive attraction and negative repulsion assembly, 7-Fixed jaw electromagnetic module, 8-Moving jaw electromagnetic module, 9-Electromagnetic controller, 10-Insertion slot, 11-Electromagnetic shield, 12-Eccentric shaft position sensor. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: Example 1: A jaw crusher with electromagnetic attraction and repulsion auxiliary force includes a frame 1, a fixed jaw plate 2, a movable jaw plate 3, and a hydraulic drive mechanism 4. The fixed jaw plate 2 is fastened to the inside of the frame 1, and the movable jaw plate 3 is oscillatingly mounted inside the frame 1 and opposite to the fixed jaw plate 2, forming a crushing chamber 5 between them. The hydraulic drive mechanism 4 consists of a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic cylinder, and an eccentric shaft. The hydraulic cylinder is connected to the movable jaw plate 3 via the eccentric shaft, driving the movable jaw plate 3 to reciprocate.
[0019] Both the fixed jaw plate 2 and the movable jaw plate 3 have mounting slots 10 on their respective working surfaces. Four sets of fixed jaw electromagnetic modules 7 and four sets of movable jaw electromagnetic modules 8 are mounted in each slot 10, with the fixed jaw electromagnetic modules 7 and movable jaw electromagnetic modules 8 facing each other in pairs. The electromagnetic coil assembly consists of a high-permeability silicon steel core and a high-temperature resistant enameled wire excitation winding, externally covered with an insulating and wear-resistant protective layer. Furthermore, the outer surface of the electromagnetic coil assembly is provided with a wear-resistant support layer, flush with the working surface of the jaw plate.
[0020] An electromagnetic controller 9 is fixedly installed on the outside of the frame 1. The electromagnetic controller 9 is electrically connected to the fixed jaw electromagnetic module 7 and the moving jaw electromagnetic module 8, respectively. An eccentric shaft position sensor 12 is installed on the eccentric shaft of the hydraulic drive mechanism 4, and the eccentric shaft position sensor 12 is connected to the electromagnetic controller 9. An electromagnetic shielding cover 11 is installed on the outside of the frame 1 corresponding to the electromagnetic module area. The entire equipment is equipped with an overload protection module.
[0021] Working process: After the material is put into the crushing chamber 5, the hydraulic drive mechanism 4 drives the moving jaw plate 3 to clamp the fixed jaw plate 2. The eccentric shaft position sensor 12 collects the position signal and transmits it to the electromagnetic controller 9. The electromagnetic controller 9 controls the fixed jaw electromagnetic module 7 and the moving jaw electromagnetic module 8 to be energized to generate mutual attraction, which assists the hydraulic system in clamping the material and completing the crushing.
[0022] After the material is crushed, the hydraulic drive mechanism 4 drives the moving jaw plate 3 away from the fixed jaw plate 2 to perform the return motion. The electromagnetic controller 9 immediately switches the polarity of the electrode, and the two sets of electromagnetic modules generate mutual repulsion, pushing the moving jaw plate 3 to quickly reset and complete one work cycle.
[0023] For ores of normal hardness, all four electromagnetic modules are in operation; for materials of low hardness, some electromagnetic modules can be turned off to reduce energy consumption.
[0024] Example 2 (High-hardness ore crushing condition): The main structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1, except that: the number of fixed jaw electromagnetic modules 7 and moving jaw electromagnetic modules 8 is set to 6, increasing the core volume and the number of turns of the excitation winding, thereby increasing the upper limit of the electromagnetic attraction and repulsion output; the electromagnetic controller 9 expands the current adjustment range, increases the output of electromagnetic auxiliary force during the clamping stage, and simultaneously reduces the working pressure of the hydraulic system to further reduce the load on the hydraulic components. This embodiment is suitable for crushing and processing high-hardness ores such as granite and basalt.
[0025] Example 3 (High-volume continuous crushing operation): The main structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 1. The difference is that the signal response program of the electromagnetic controller 9 is optimized, the polarity switching delay time is shortened, the response speed of electromagnetic repulsion is improved, and the return efficiency of the moving jaw plate 3 is accelerated; the temperature monitoring function of the overload protection module is strengthened, the working temperature of the electromagnetic module is monitored in real time, and the power is automatically cut off and audible and visual alarms are triggered under high temperature and overcurrent conditions to meet the requirements of large production capacity and long-term continuous operation.
[0026] Example 4 (Composite Electromagnetic Structure Working Condition): This embodiment, based on Embodiment 1, replaces the electromagnetic attraction and repulsion component with a composite structure of a permanent magnet and an electromagnetic coil. A permanent magnet is embedded within the jaw plate, working in conjunction with the electromagnetic coil. During the clamping phase, the electromagnetic coil is energized, superimposing the magnetic force of the permanent magnet to form an attraction force. During the return phase, the electromagnetic coil is energized in the reverse direction, canceling the magnetic force of the permanent magnet and forming a repulsion force, thus further reducing overall energy consumption while ensuring the auxiliary effect.
[0027] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Other variations and modifications are possible without departing from the technical solutions described in the claims.
Claims
1. A jaw crusher with electromagnetic attraction and repulsion auxiliary forces, comprising a frame, a fixed jaw plate, a movable jaw plate, and a hydraulic drive mechanism, wherein the fixed jaw plate is fixedly installed inside the frame, the movable jaw plate is oscillatingly mounted inside the frame and arranged opposite to the fixed jaw plate, the fixed jaw plate and the movable jaw plate enclosing a crushing chamber, and the hydraulic drive mechanism is pulsatorically connected to the movable jaw plate and drives the movable jaw plate to reciprocate, characterized in that... An electromagnetic positive attraction and negative repulsion assembly is provided between the working surfaces of the fixed jaw plate and the moving jaw plate; The electromagnetic attraction and repulsion assembly includes a fixed jaw electromagnetic module, a movable jaw electromagnetic module, and an electromagnetic controller. The fixed jaw electromagnetic module is embedded in the working surface of the fixed jaw plate, and the movable jaw electromagnetic module is embedded in the working surface of the movable jaw plate. The fixed jaw electromagnetic module and the movable jaw electromagnetic module are directly opposite each other. The electromagnetic controller is electrically connected to the fixed jaw electromagnetic module and the movable jaw electromagnetic module respectively, and the electromagnetic controller is linked with the hydraulic drive mechanism. When the hydraulic drive mechanism drives the moving jaw plate to clamp the fixed jaw plate, the electromagnetic controller controls the fixed jaw electromagnetic module and the moving jaw electromagnetic module to generate mutual attraction to help increase the crushing clamping force; when the hydraulic drive mechanism drives the moving jaw plate away from the fixed jaw plate to open the return stroke, the electromagnetic controller controls the fixed jaw electromagnetic module and the moving jaw electromagnetic module to generate mutual repulsion to help the moving jaw plate quickly reset.
2. A jaw crusher with electromagnetic positive attraction and negative repulsion auxiliary force according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the fixed jaw electromagnetic module and the moving jaw electromagnetic module are electromagnetic coil assemblies. The electromagnetic coil assembly includes an iron core and an excitation winding wound around the outside of the iron core. The iron core is formed by stacking high-permeability silicon steel sheets, and the excitation winding is wound with high-temperature resistant enameled wire. The outer surface of the electromagnetic coil assembly is covered with an insulating and wear-resistant protective layer.
3. A jaw crusher with electromagnetic positive attraction and negative repulsion auxiliary force according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed jaw electromagnetic module and the movable jaw electromagnetic module are evenly arranged along the working surface of the corresponding jaw plate. The number of modules is set to 3 to 6 groups, and each group of electromagnetic modules is independently controlled by the electromagnetic controller.
4. A jaw crusher with electromagnetic positive attraction and negative repulsion auxiliary force according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic drive mechanism is equipped with an eccentric shaft position sensor, which is electrically connected to the electromagnetic controller. The electromagnetic controller collects the swing position and running signal of the moving jaw plate in real time through the eccentric shaft position sensor, and switches the polarity of the fixed jaw electromagnetic module and the magnitude of the output current of the moving jaw electromagnetic module according to the signal.
5. A jaw crusher with electromagnetic positive attraction and negative repulsion auxiliary force according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic controller has a built-in current adjustment module, which is used to dynamically adjust the output magnitude of electromagnetic attraction and electromagnetic repulsion according to the material hardness and the feed rate of the equipment.
6. A jaw crusher with electromagnetic positive attraction and negative repulsion auxiliary force according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed jaw plate and the movable jaw plate are provided with mounting slots on their working surfaces. The electromagnetic coil assembly is embedded in the corresponding mounting slot, and the outer surface of the electromagnetic coil assembly is provided with a wear-resistant support layer, which is flush with the working surface of the jaw plate.
7. A jaw crusher with electromagnetic positive attraction and negative repulsion auxiliary force according to claim 1, characterized in that, An electromagnetic shielding cover is provided on the outer side of the frame in the area corresponding to the electromagnetic positive attraction and negative repulsion components.
8. A jaw crusher with electromagnetic positive attraction and negative repulsion auxiliary force according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic drive mechanism includes a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic cylinder, and an eccentric shaft. The hydraulic cylinder is connected to the moving jaw plate via the eccentric shaft.
9. A jaw crusher with electromagnetic positive attraction and negative repulsion auxiliary force according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an overload protection module, which is electrically connected to the electromagnetic controller and is used to cut off the power supply and issue an alarm signal when the electromagnetic module is overloaded or the temperature exceeds the limit.
10. A jaw crusher with electromagnetic positive attraction and negative repulsion auxiliary force according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic attraction and repulsion assembly adopts a composite structure combining a permanent magnet and an electromagnetic coil. In the clamping condition, the electromagnetic coil is energized to generate an attraction force that cooperates with the permanent magnet. In the return condition, the electromagnetic coil is energized to generate a repulsive force.