Partition-adjustable array micro-porous filter ventilation window and teaching thermal comfort control method

Abstract

The application discloses a partition-adjustable array micropore filtering ventilation window and a teaching thermal comfort control method, and belongs to the field of indoor ventilation purification and intelligent control. The partition-adjustable array micropore filtering ventilation window comprises an array micropore ventilation piece and a filtering piece which can independently slide, the micropore ventilation piece is provided with multiple groups of ventilation hole groups with decreasing pore diameters and independently adjustable opening degrees, and hierarchical and refined ventilation is realized; furthermore, the teaching thermal comfort control method provided by the application combines a teaching time sequence state, comprehensively considers air quality standard requirement, thermal comfort constraint and operation stability requirement, and matches hole group combinations and opening degrees corresponding to ventilation intensity. The application can simultaneously solve the problems of CO2 accumulation, exogenous particulate matter input and cold wind direct blowing during classroom ventilation in winter in a high-pollution area, adapts to differentiated requirements of teaching scenes, and is suitable for existing classroom reconstruction and newly-built teaching buildings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of indoor ventilation and purification and intelligent environmental control technology, specifically to a zoned adjustable array microporous ventilation filter window and a teaching thermal comfort control method. Background Technology

[0002] School classrooms are high-density public indoor spaces characterized by concentrated populations, fixed daily routines, and the need for environmental control to adapt to the teaching order. During the winter heating season in northern China, classroom environmental control generally faces three practical contradictions: to reduce heat loss, doors and windows are often kept tightly closed, leading to the rapid accumulation of metabolic pollutants such as CO2, which can easily cause decreased student concentration and learning efficiency; if all windows are opened for ventilation, high concentrations of outdoor PM2.5 and other particulate matter can easily enter the room during the heating season, increasing the health exposure risk for teachers and students; at the same time, opening all windows can easily lead to cold air intrusion and excessively high wind speeds near the windows, causing localized discomfort and reducing the practical feasibility of ventilation measures.

[0003] Existing classroom environment control solutions mainly fall into three categories: First, sensor-based window opening and closing and fresh air system linkage control solutions. These solutions have coarse adjustment granularity, only enabling full-level start / stop or opening degree adjustment, failing to balance local thermal comfort and overall ventilation needs, and are prone to uneven air supply and cold air blowing directly onto window areas. Second, window-type fresh air solutions with integrated filtration functions. These solutions mostly use fixed filtration modes and cannot intelligently switch between filtration and non-filtration states based on outdoor pollution levels, resulting in rapid filter wear, high ventilation resistance, and high energy consumption. Third, general internal circulation purification window solutions can only purify the existing indoor air and cannot introduce fresh outdoor air, thus failing to address the root cause of CO2 accumulation.

[0004] Furthermore, existing control logics fail to address the differentiated needs of teaching schedules: during class time, air supply disturbances and operational noise can disrupt normal teaching; during breaks, ventilation efficiency is insufficient, failing to quickly replace polluted indoor air within 10-15 minutes; and during non-occupancy periods, routine operation continues, leading to inefficient energy consumption and making it unsuitable for the specific usage scenarios of school classrooms. Currently, there is no dedicated ventilation control solution for classrooms that can simultaneously adapt to the rhythm of teaching scenarios, balance air renewal, particulate matter control, and thermal comfort maintenance, thus failing to meet the actual usage needs of school classrooms in highly polluted areas during winter. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the aforementioned background technology, this invention proposes a zoned adjustable array microporous filter ventilation window and a teaching thermal comfort control method. This addresses the issues of insufficient intelligent switching of filter states in existing ventilation control schemes for classrooms in high-pollution areas during winter, leading to excessive filter wear or intrusion of external particulate matter; coarse ventilation adjustment granularity, difficulty in balancing air renewal and local thermal comfort maintenance; and control logic not adapted to teaching sequences and actual teaching scenarios. The invention achieves multi-objective coordinated control of air quality compliance, thermal comfort assurance, and operational stability, resulting in a low-disturbance, low-energy-consumption, and classroom-specific ventilation and purification service adapted to teaching rhythms.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A partitioned adjustable array microporous filter ventilation window includes a ventilation window body and a control component, and further includes a sliding support component mounted on the ventilation window body. A sliding microporous ventilation element is movably disposed on the sliding support component, the sliding microporous ventilation element having several groups of ventilation holes, each group of ventilation holes being equipped with an independent opening adjustment mechanism, the opening adjustment mechanism individually controlling the opening, closing, or opening ratio of the corresponding group of ventilation holes. A sliding filter element is also movably disposed on the sliding support component, the sliding filter element moving independently of the sliding microporous ventilation element, switching between filtered ventilation and non-filtered ventilation states by covering or offsetting the air inlet channel of the sliding microporous ventilation element. The partitioned adjustable array microporous filter ventilation window also includes an environmental monitoring component for collecting indoor and outdoor air quality parameters and thermal environment parameters. The control component is electrically connected to the sliding microporous ventilation component, the sliding filter component, and the environmental monitoring component, respectively, and is used to control the opening degree of the ventilation holes of the sliding microporous ventilation component and the position of the sliding filter component according to the collected environmental parameters.

[0007] Specifically, the sliding support assembly includes a sliding guide rail disposed on the top of the ventilation window body and a limiting guide rail disposed on the bottom of the ventilation window body. A limit sensor is disposed in the sliding guide rail to limit the sliding stroke of the sliding microporous ventilation component and the sliding filter component. The sliding microporous ventilation component and the sliding filter component are provided with a sliding assembly. The sliding microporous ventilation component and the sliding filter component are connected to the sliding guide rail at the top of the ventilation window body through the sliding assembly. The sliding assembly includes a pulley-driven stepper motor for driving the sliding microporous ventilation component and the sliding filter component to move on the sliding guide rail.

[0008] Specifically, the sliding micro-perforated ventilation component has three groups of ventilation holes distributed from top to bottom along the height of the window. The equivalent aperture and ventilation area of ​​the three groups of ventilation holes decrease sequentially. The first group of holes with the largest aperture is used to provide a large flow instantaneous ventilation capacity, the second group of holes with a medium aperture is used to balance the ventilation volume and thermal comfort requirements, and the third group of holes with the smallest aperture is used to provide low disturbance to maintain ventilation capacity. Each group of ventilation holes has a built-in baffle assembly. The opening adjustment mechanism includes a screw-driven stepper motor and a transmission gear. The transmission gear is connected to the output end of the screw-driven stepper motor and the baffle assembly. The screw-driven stepper motor drives the baffle assembly to rotate through the transmission gear, independently controlling the opening, closing, or arbitrary opening ratio adjustment of the corresponding ventilation hole group. The opening adjustment process of the three groups of ventilation holes is independent of each other.

[0009] Specifically, the environmental monitoring component includes several indoor monitoring units arranged in different indoor areas and outdoor monitoring units arranged outdoors. The indoor monitoring units are respectively set in the podium area, the central personnel area, and the window personnel area of ​​the classroom. Each indoor monitoring unit is used to collect indoor temperature, wind speed, CO2 concentration, PM2.5 concentration, and PM10 concentration parameters. The outdoor monitoring units are used to collect outdoor temperature, CO2 concentration, PM2.5 concentration, and PM10 concentration parameters.

[0010] The partitioned adjustable array microporous filter ventilation window also includes a negative pressure silent air intake device electrically connected to the control component, used to create negative pressure indoors and guide outdoor air into the room through the sliding microporous ventilation component.

[0011] Specifically, the control component has built-in reference control parameters corresponding to different teaching time sequence states. The teaching time sequence states include class time, break time, non-occupancy time, and pre-class ventilation time. Different teaching time sequence states correspond to different hole group opening reference values, maximum opening change in a single cycle, and control priorities.

[0012] A teaching thermal comfort control method, applied to the aforementioned zoned adjustable array microporous filter ventilation window, the method comprising the following steps: S1. Collect indoor air quality parameters, thermal environment parameters, and outdoor air quality parameters for the current control cycle in multiple areas; S2. Based on the comparison results between outdoor air quality parameters and preset pollution thresholds, control the movement of the sliding filter element to switch between filtered ventilation state and unfiltered ventilation state. S3. Based on the current teaching schedule, the comprehensive environmental regulation requirements are calculated by considering the indoor air quality compliance requirements, human thermal comfort constraints, and system operational stability requirements. S4. Match the corresponding ventilation intensity hole group combination mode according to the comprehensive environmental adjustment requirements, adjust the opening degree of each ventilation hole group under the matched hole group combination mode, and then execute to enter the next control cycle.

[0013] Specifically, in step S3, the comprehensive environmental regulation demand is quantified using a preset comprehensive environmental evaluation index, the formula for which the comprehensive environmental evaluation index is calculated is: ; in, This is the sequence number of the current control cycle. For the first The comprehensive environmental assessment index for each control cycle, the larger the value, the higher the demand for comprehensive environmental regulation; , , , These are the preset weighting coefficients for CO2 deviation, particulate matter deviation, thermal comfort constraint, and mode switching cost. For the first The indoor CO2 deviation term for each control cycle is calculated as follows: ; in, This represents the total number of indoor survey areas. This refers to the survey area number; For the first Preset weighting coefficients for each test area; For the first The first test area CO2 concentration for each control cycle The preset indoor CO2 concentration target value; This is the preset penalty coefficient for the most unfavorable CO2 measurement area; For the first The indoor particulate matter deviation term for each control period is used to quantify the degree of indoor particulate matter concentration exceeding the standard. Its calculation formula is as follows: ; in, The preset weighting coefficients for the PM2.5 deviation item. The preset weighting coefficients for the PM10 deviation item; For the first The indoor PM2.5 deviation for each control cycle is calculated using the following formula: ; For the first The indoor PM10 deviation for each control cycle is calculated using the following formula: ; in, For the first The first test area PM2.5 concentration for each control cycle For the first The first test area PM10 concentration for each control cycle; The preset indoor PM2.5 concentration target value, The preset indoor PM10 concentration target value; This is the preset penalty coefficient for the most unfavorable PM2.5 monitoring area. This is the preset penalty coefficient for the most unfavorable PM10 monitoring area; For the first The human thermal comfort constraint term for each control cycle is used to quantify the degree of indoor thermal discomfort, and its calculation formula is as follows: ; in, The penalty coefficient for the most unfavorable thermal comfort measurement area is preset. For the first The first test area The local thermal discomfort deviation for each control cycle is calculated using the following formula: ; in, For the first The first test area The ambient temperature for each control cycle For the first The first test area Wind speed for each control cycle; The preset lower limit of indoor comfort temperature, This is the preset acceptable indoor wind speed limit; The preset weighting coefficient for the temperature deviation term. The preset weighting coefficient for the wind speed deviation term; For the first The mode switching cost term for each control cycle is used to characterize the magnitude of action changes between adjacent control cycles and to suppress frequent system adjustments. Its calculation formula is as follows: ; in, , , These are the preset weighting coefficients for the cost of changing the aperture group opening, the cost of switching the filter state, and the cost of switching the aperture group combination mode. For the first The opening status of the ventilation hole group in each control cycle. For the first The opening status of the ventilation hole group in each control cycle. The L1 norm is used to characterize the variation range of the aperture group. For the first The filtering status of each control cycle. For the first The filtering status of each control cycle; For the first Hole group combination mode for each control cycle For the first A combination pattern of hole groups for each control cycle; It is a binary indicator function, which takes the value 1 when the condition is true, and takes the value 0 otherwise.

[0014] Specifically, in step S4, the process of matching the orifice combination mode with the corresponding ventilation intensity according to the comprehensive environmental control requirements includes: (1) Calculate the air quality demand index based on the indoor air quality compliance requirements of the current control period. The calculation formula is: ; in, Map weights to the preset CO2 deviation term. Map weights to the preset particulate matter deviation term; The value range is [0,1], and the larger the value, the higher the current demand for air quality improvement; (2) Calculate the thermal comfort permissible index based on the human thermal comfort constraint requirements of the current control period. The calculation formula is: ; in, The preset human thermal comfort reference threshold; The value range is [0,1], and the larger the value, the higher the ventilation intensity allowed by the current thermal comfort conditions; (3) Combining the calculation model selection values ​​of the air quality demand index and the thermal comfort permissible index, the calculation formula is: ; in, The preset minimum ventilation retention factor satisfies This is used to ensure the minimum ventilation requirement; For the first The mode selection value for each control cycle; Several hole group combination patterns with progressively increasing ventilation intensity are preset based on the number of ventilation hole groups. The hole group combination pattern is matched according to the size of the pattern selection value. The larger the pattern selection value, the higher the ventilation intensity of the matched hole group combination pattern.

[0015] Specifically, in step S4, the process of adjusting the opening degree of each ventilation hole group is as follows: Determine if this is the first run; if the current control cycle number is... If there is no historical operating opening data, the initial opening calculation method will be used: ; in, This refers to the initial opening degree of the ventilation vent assembly during initial startup. This represents the current teaching time sequence status; The pre-set teaching sequence The corresponding reference opening; The pre-set teaching sequence The corresponding initial correction gain; The comprehensive bias driving force at the first sampling time is calculated as follows: ; in, , , These are the preset teaching sequence states. The driving weighting coefficients for the CO2 deviation term, particulate matter deviation term, and thermal comfort constraint term; , , These are the indoor CO2 deviation term, indoor particulate matter deviation term, and human thermal comfort constraint term calculated at the first sampling time, respectively. If the current control cycle number If the actual operating opening degree of the previous control cycle exists, the desired opening degree is obtained by calculating the incremental opening degree: ; in, For the first The expected opening degree for each control cycle; For the first The actual opening degree of the ventilation hole group in each control cycle; The pre-set teaching sequence The corresponding opening adjustment gain; For the first The comprehensive deviation driving amount of each control cycle; By applying a single-cycle variation constraint to the expected opening, the actual executed opening is obtained: ; in, The pre-set teaching sequence The corresponding maximum allowable change in opening degree per single cycle is used to avoid air supply disturbance caused by sudden changes in opening degree.

[0016] Specifically, the teaching sequence states include class time, break time, non-occupancy time and pre-class ventilation time. Different teaching sequence states correspond to different control priorities and operating parameter configurations.

[0017] In summary, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. Refined structural design with adaptive and adjustable ventilation and purification capabilities: This invention uses independently sliding graded aperture array microporous ventilation components to replace traditional window opening and closing or fixed-level ventilation structures. It sets up multiple groups of ventilation holes with decreasing equivalent apertures and independently adjustable opening degrees, enabling multi-level graded adjustment from low-disturbance maintenance ventilation to rapid high-flow ventilation. At the same time, it is equipped with independently sliding filter components, which can automatically switch between filtered and non-filtered states according to the outdoor particulate matter concentration. This not only prevents external particulate matter such as PM2.5 and PM10 from entering the room during high-pollution weather, but also eliminates filtration resistance and reduces filter element wear when the air quality is good, greatly improving adaptability to different outdoor pollution environments.

[0018] 2. Control logic co-optimization, balancing overall compliance and local experience: This invention adopts an evaluation rule of "weighted average of multiple measurement areas + additional penalty for the most unfavorable measurement area", which incorporates the temperature, wind speed and pollutant concentration parameters of the podium, the middle of the classroom and the window area into the evaluation system. While ensuring that the overall environment meets the standards, it focuses on constraining the problem of cold air blowing directly into the window area and local pollutant exceedance, avoiding the defects of poor local experience caused by traditional single-point monitoring. At the same time, a mode switching cost term is introduced to suppress the frequent opening adjustment and state switching of the system, improving operational stability and component lifespan.

[0019] 3. Adapting to the rhythm of teaching scenarios and meeting differentiated control needs: This invention incorporates the teaching sequence status into the core control logic, setting differentiated control priorities and operating parameters for four typical scenarios: class time, break time, non-occupancy, and pre-class ventilation. During class time, it prioritizes low air supply disturbance and thermal comfort, avoiding noise and cold air interference with normal teaching; during break time, it prioritizes rapid air exchange efficiency, quickly reducing indoor CO2 concentration in a short time; during non-occupancy, it reduces operating power consumption and heat loss; and during pre-class ventilation, it adjusts air quality in advance to avoid the problem of cold air blowing directly on students after they enter the school, fully matching the differentiated use needs of the school's teaching rhythm.

[0020] 4. Low implementation cost and strong application compatibility: The partitioned adjustable array microporous filter ventilation window of this invention can directly replace the original exterior windows of existing buildings without the need for additional fresh air ducts or structural modifications. It has low modification costs and is easy to install. It is suitable for the renovation of ventilation systems in existing primary and secondary school and university teaching buildings in highly polluted areas in the north, and can also be integrated into the window design of newly built teaching buildings. It has high promotion and application value. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the classroom application of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. Figure II ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the present invention. Figure I ; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the present invention. Figure II ; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the top sliding guide rail of the sliding support assembly of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the sliding microporous ventilation component of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the hole group and opening adjustment mechanism of the sliding micro-hole ventilation component of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding filter element of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of the teaching thermal comfort control method of the present invention; Reference numerals: 1. Ventilation window body; 11. Openable glass window; 12. Fixed glass window; 13. Automatic window opener; 2. Sliding support assembly; 21. Sliding guide rail; 22. Limiting guide rail; 23. Limiting sensor; 3. Sliding microporous ventilation component; 31. Sliding assembly; 32. First hole group; 33. Second hole group; 34. Third hole group; 324. Opening adjustment mechanism; 3241. Screw-driven stepper motor; 3242. Transmission screw; 3243. Transmission gear; 3244. Wind baffle assembly; 4. Sliding filter element; 41. Filter window frame; 42. Filter screen; 5. Environmental detection assembly; 51. First indoor detection unit; 52. Second indoor detection unit; 53. Third indoor detection unit; 54. Outdoor detection unit; 6. Control assembly; 7. Negative pressure silent air suction device. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention clearer and easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] Example See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 The adjustable array microporous filter ventilation window provided by this invention is integrally assembled in the classroom area, including a ventilation window body 1, a sliding support assembly 2, a sliding microporous ventilation component 3, a sliding filter component 4, an environmental detection assembly 5, a control assembly 6, and a negative pressure silent air intake device 7. The sliding support assembly 2 is installed on the window frame of the ventilation window body 1. The sliding microporous ventilation component 3 and the sliding filter component 4 are both horizontally movable and assembled on the sliding support assembly 2. The environmental detection assembly 5 is respectively arranged in multiple indoor areas and on the outdoor side. The control assembly 6 is electrically connected to all electrically driven components and detection components. The negative pressure silent air intake device 7 is arranged on the indoor side of the classroom to create indoor negative pressure to guide air intake.

[0024] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the ventilation window body 1 is a standard-sized exterior window structure, including a metal window frame, an operable glass window 11, a fixed glass window 12, and an automatic window opener 13. The operable glass window 11 adopts a casement or sliding glass sash and is installed on the left and right sides of the window frame, which can realize conventional full-window opening for ventilation. The fixed glass window 12 adopts a sealed assembly and is installed on the remaining areas of the window frame except for the operable glass window 11, forming the basic sealed structure of the window. The automatic window opener 13 is a low-noise electric push rod type window opener, which is fixed inside the window frame. Its output end is connected to the sash frame of the operable glass window 11. It can receive instructions from the control component 6 to automatically control the opening, closing and opening degree adjustment of the operable glass window 11.

[0025] like Figures 4 to 6 The sliding support assembly 2 serves as the mounting and moving carrier for the sliding microporous ventilation component 3 and the sliding filter component 4, and includes a sliding guide rail 21, a limiting guide rail 22, and a limiting sensor 23. Among them, the sliding guide rail 21 is an aluminum profile hoisting rail with a cavity, which is fixedly installed along the top of the window frame; the limiting guide rail 22 is an aluminum profile rail with a groove, which is fixedly installed along the bottom of the window frame. The bottom of the sliding micro-pore ventilation component 3 and the sliding filter component 4 are both embedded in the groove of the limiting guide rail 22, and can slide horizontally along the groove to avoid the window shaking during the sliding process. The limit sensor 23 is a photoelectric position sensor, with a total of 4 sets, which are respectively installed on the inner sides of the left and right ends of the sliding guide rail 21, and at the corresponding positions on the top of the sliding microporous ventilation component 3 and the sliding filter component 4, to limit the maximum sliding stroke of the two sliding windows and prevent the windows from derailing or misaligning with each other.

[0026] like Figure 7 , Figure 8 The sliding micro-perforated ventilation component 3 is the core actuator for graded ventilation. It has a rectangular aluminum profile window structure. The top is connected to the sliding guide rail 21 through the sliding assembly 31, and the bottom is embedded in the groove of the limiting guide rail 22, allowing it to slide horizontally along the guide rail. The sliding component 31 includes a nylon pulley and a pulley-driven stepper motor. The pulley is embedded in the groove of the sliding guide rail 21. The pulley-driven stepper motor is electrically connected to the control component 6 and can receive commands to drive the sliding micro-pore ventilation component 3 to move along the guide rail to a preset position. The sliding micro-perforated ventilation component 3 has three groups of ventilation holes distributed from top to bottom along the height direction on its window panel, namely the first group 32, the second group 33, and the third group 34. The equivalent aperture and total ventilation area of ​​the three groups of holes decrease sequentially. The functional division is as follows: the first group 32 is a large-diameter array of holes, used to provide a large flow instantaneous ventilation capacity, suitable for rapid air exchange between classes and pre-class ventilation scenarios; the second group 33 is a medium-diameter array of holes, used to balance ventilation volume and thermal comfort requirements, suitable for regular ventilation scenarios during class; the third group 34 is a small-diameter array of holes, used to provide low-disturbance maintenance ventilation capacity, suitable for low-wind-speed ventilation requirements during class. Each group of ventilation holes is equipped with an independent opening adjustment mechanism 324 on its inner side. The opening adjustment mechanism 324 includes a screw-driven stepper motor 3241, a transmission screw 3242, a transmission gear 3243, and a baffle assembly 3244. The screw-driven stepper motor 3241 is fixed to the inner side of the side frame of the sliding micro-hole ventilation component 3, and its output end is coaxially fixedly connected to the transmission screw 3242. The transmission screw 3242 meshes with the internal gear ring of the transmission gear 3243 through an external thread. The transmission gear 3243 is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the baffle assembly 3244. When the screw-driven stepper motor 3241 receives the instruction from the control component 6 to rotate, it drives the baffle assembly 3244 to rotate around the rotating shaft through the transmission screw 3242 and the transmission gear 3243. It can independently control the complete opening, complete closing, or any opening ratio within the range of 0-100% of the corresponding ventilation hole group. The opening adjustment process of the three groups of holes is independent of each other and does not interfere with each other.

[0027] like Figure 9The sliding filter element 4 is the core component for switching filtration states. It has a rectangular aluminum profile window structure. The top is connected to the sliding guide rail 21 through an independent sliding component, and the bottom is embedded in the groove of the limiting guide rail 22. It can slide horizontally along the guide rail independently of the sliding microporous ventilation element 3. The sliding filter element 4 includes a filter window frame 41 and a detachable filter screen 42, which uses an H11 grade HEPA filter layer. The state switching logic is as follows: When the sliding filter 4 moves to a position that completely overlaps with the air inlet surface of the sliding microporous ventilator 3, it covers the entire air inlet channel of the sliding microporous ventilator 3. Outdoor air must first pass through the filter screen 42 before entering the room. At this time, the ventilation window is in the filtering ventilation state. When the sliding filter 4 moves to a position that is completely offset from the sliding microporous ventilator 3, it does not block the air inlet channel. Outdoor air directly enters the room through the sliding microporous ventilator 3. At this time, the ventilation window is in the non-filtering ventilation state.

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 The environmental monitoring component 5 is used to collect indoor and outdoor air quality parameters and thermal environment parameters, including a first indoor monitoring unit 51, a second indoor monitoring unit 52, a third indoor monitoring unit 53, and an outdoor monitoring unit 54. The three indoor testing units are arranged to correspond to the three functional testing areas of the classroom: the first indoor testing unit 51 is installed on the side wall of the podium, corresponding to the podium testing area; the second indoor testing unit 52 is installed on the central column wall of the classroom, corresponding to the central student testing area; and the third indoor testing unit 53 is installed on the side wall near the window, corresponding to the student testing area near the window. The outdoor detection unit 54 is installed on the upper part of the outdoor side and is equipped with a rainproof and sunshade to avoid environmental interference. Each indoor detection unit integrates a temperature sensor, a hot-wire anemometer, an NDIR CO2 concentration sensor, and a laser scattering PM2.5 / PM10 concentration sensor to collect temperature, wind speed, CO2 concentration, PM2.5 concentration, and PM10 concentration parameters for the corresponding measurement area, respectively. The outdoor detection unit collects outdoor temperature, CO2 concentration, PM2.5 concentration, and PM10 concentration parameters. All detection units communicate with the control component 6 via LoRa or RS485 bus, with a data acquisition cycle of 1 second and an average data upload to the control component 6 every 60 seconds.

[0029] Control component 6 is installed on the interior wall of the classroom and includes a built-in touch screen, storage module, ARM computing module, and driver module. The touch screen can receive user-defined environmental target parameters, operating modes, teaching timelines, and other instructions. The storage module stores preset pollution thresholds, weighting coefficients, timing reference parameters, and other data. The ARM computing module performs environmental parameter calculations and control logic judgments. The driver module sends control instructions to all execution components. The negative pressure silent air suction device 7 uses a low-noise centrifugal fan and is installed in the exhaust position of the inner ceiling or wall of the classroom. It is electrically connected to the control component 6. When running, it draws out the indoor air to form a slight negative pressure of 5-10Pa in the room, and guides the outdoor air into the room at a uniform speed through the sliding micro-pore ventilation component 3, avoiding the problem of unstable ventilation caused by relying on natural wind.

[0030] The overall installation process of the ventilation window in this embodiment is the same as that of ordinary external window replacement: First, fix the ventilation window body 1 to the external window opening of the classroom, then install the sliding support component 2, the sliding micro-pore ventilation component 3, and the sliding filter component 4 in sequence, set up each detection unit of the environmental detection component 5 and complete the wiring, and finally complete the debugging of the control component 6 and the negative pressure silent air suction device 7 before it can be put into use. No additional modification to the building structure is required, the modification cost is low and the adaptability is strong.

[0031] The teaching thermal comfort control method in this embodiment relies on the aforementioned zoned adjustable array microporous filter ventilation window. The control component 6 has built-in preset environmental target parameters, teaching timing rules, weight coefficients and control logic. The default control cycle is 60s. Users can customize and adjust the control cycle, parameter thresholds and weight coefficients through the touch screen of the control component 6. They can also import the school timetable to automatically match the teaching timing status.

[0032] The overall process of the control method is as follows: Figure 10 As shown, after the method starts, it first performs mode determination: the control component 6 receives the control command input by the user and determines whether the current mode is manual control mode or automatic control mode; if it is manual control mode, it directly executes the commands set by the user, such as filter status, hole group combination, opening degree, negative pressure silent suction device 7 level, etc., without executing the subsequent automatic control logic. If it is in automatic control mode, follow these steps: Step S1: Collect indoor and outdoor environmental parameters for the current control cycle; Control component 6 receives monitoring data for the current control cycle uploaded by environmental detection component 5, including: Indoor parameters are collected by the first indoor detection unit 51 (corresponding to the podium measurement area), the second indoor detection unit 52 (corresponding to the student measurement area in the middle of the classroom), and the third indoor detection unit 53 (corresponding to the student measurement area near the window). The collection frequency of each detection unit is 1 time / second. Within each control cycle, the raw data is averaged after outlier removal to obtain the temperature, wind speed, CO2 concentration, PM2.5 concentration, and PM10 concentration parameters of the corresponding measurement area. Outdoor parameters are collected by outdoor detection unit 54. The collection frequency and processing rules are the same as those of indoor detection unit, and the outdoor PM2.5 concentration and PM10 concentration parameters for the current control period are obtained.

[0033] Step S2: Switch between filtered and non-filtered ventilation modes based on outdoor particulate matter concentration; Control component 6 compares the collected outdoor PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations with preset pollution thresholds. For example, the preset PM2.5 pollution threshold can be set to 75 μg / m³. 3 The PM10 pollution threshold can be set to 150 μg / m³. 3 The filtration state is switched based on this boundary, which can both intercept external particulate matter when outdoor pollution exceeds the standard and reduce ventilation resistance and filter wear when air quality meets the standard, meeting the dual needs of health management and economic operation; the judgment rule is: When outdoor PM2.5 concentration > 75 μg / m³ 3 Or outdoor PM10 concentration > 150 μg / m³ 3 When the current state is determined to be high pollution, the control component 6 sends a sliding command to the sliding drive motor of the sliding filter 4, driving the sliding filter 4 to move along the top sliding guide rail 21 until it completely covers all the air intake channels of the sliding microporous ventilation component 3. After confirming the position by the positioning signal fed back by the limit sensor 23 at the corresponding position in the sliding guide rail 21, the ventilation window enters the filtration ventilation state: at this time, the outdoor air must first pass through the filter screen 42 in the sliding filter 4 to filter out PM2.5 and PM10 particles, and then enter the room through the sliding microporous ventilation component 3 to avoid the intrusion of external particles.

[0034] When the outdoor PM2.5 concentration is ≤75μg / m³ 3 And the outdoor PM10 concentration is ≤150μg / m³ 3When the current pollution state is determined to be low, the control component 6 sends a sliding command to the sliding drive motor of the sliding filter element 4, driving the sliding filter element 4 to move along the top sliding guide rail 21 until it is completely misaligned with the air inlet channel of the sliding microporous ventilator 3. After confirming the position by the arrival signal fed back by the limit sensor 23 at the corresponding position, the ventilation window enters the unfiltered ventilation state: at this time, outdoor air does not need to pass through the filter screen 42 and directly enters the room through the sliding microporous ventilator 3, reducing ventilation resistance and reducing the ineffective wear of the filter element, thus extending the service life of the filter element. If the control component 6 does not receive the arrival signal from the limit sensor 23, it resends the sliding command. If the sliding fails to reach the position three times in a row, a fault alarm is triggered, reminding the user to check for guide rail jamming or sensor failure.

[0035] Step S3: Calculate the comprehensive environmental assessment index and determine the adjustment needs; After completing the filter state switching in step S2, control component 6, in conjunction with the current teaching sequence state, and considering the requirements for indoor air quality compliance, human thermal comfort constraints, and system operational stability, calculates the comprehensive environmental regulation requirements. The specific process is as follows: First, control component 6 automatically identifies the current teaching time sequence based on the built-in teaching timetable, including four categories: class time, break time, non-occupancy time, and pre-class ventilation time. Different time periods correspond to different preset weight coefficients and threshold parameters to adapt to differentiated control needs. The control component quantifies the adjustment needs through preset comprehensive environmental evaluation indicators, calculated as follows: ; in, This is the sequence number of the current control cycle. For the first The comprehensive environmental assessment index for each control cycle, the larger the value, the higher the demand for comprehensive environmental regulation; , , , These are the preset weighting coefficients for CO2 deviation, particulate matter deviation, thermal comfort constraint, and mode switching cost. Since CO2 accumulation in a high-density classroom environment can easily lead to decreased student concentration, it is the primary control issue. Therefore, the weight of the CO2 deviation item can be set to the highest. The impact of particulate matter pollution and thermal comfort on the experience of teachers and students is secondary and can be set to equal weight. The mode switching cost is only used to suppress frequent system adjustments and has the lowest priority. Therefore, its weight can be set to the lowest to conform to the control priority logic of the classroom scenario. Preferably, the weight coefficient of the CO2 deviation item is... Weighting coefficient for particulate matter deviation term Weighting coefficients for thermal comfort constraints Weighting coefficient of mode switching cost item The values ​​can be set to 0.4, 0.25, 0.25, and 0.1 respectively, and users can adjust the weight allocation according to the actual scenario.

[0036] The calculation rules for each item are as follows: For the first The indoor CO2 deviation term for each control period is used to quantify the degree to which the indoor CO2 concentration exceeds the target value. It employs a rule of "weighted average across multiple monitoring areas + additional penalty for the most unfavorable monitoring area," and its calculation formula is as follows: ; in, This represents the total number of indoor survey areas. This refers to the survey area number; For the first Preset weighting coefficients for each test area; For the first The first test area CO2 concentration for each control cycle The preset indoor CO2 concentration target value can be set to 1000 ppm, which meets the limit requirements of indoor air quality standards and can ensure that students' cognitive abilities are not affected. This is a preset penalty coefficient for the most unfavorable CO2 measurement area, used to additionally constrain the local area with the highest CO2 concentration, avoiding the problem of the average concentration meeting the standard but the local area exceeding the standard; For the first The indoor particulate matter deviation term for each control period is used to quantify the degree of indoor particulate matter concentration exceeding the standard. Its calculation formula is as follows: ; in, The preset weighting coefficients for the PM2.5 deviation item. The preset weighting coefficients for the PM10 deviation item are used, since PM2.5 poses a greater threat to human health. Higher weights can be set; For the first The indoor PM2.5 deviation for each control cycle is calculated using the following formula: ; For the first The indoor PM10 deviation for each control cycle is calculated using the following formula: ; in, For the first The first test area PM2.5 concentration for each control cycle For the first The first test area PM10 concentration for each control cycle; The preset indoor PM2.5 concentration target value, The preset indoor PM10 concentration target value; This is the preset penalty coefficient for the most unfavorable PM2.5 monitoring area. This is the preset penalty coefficient for the most unfavorable PM10 monitoring area; For the first The human thermal comfort constraint term for each control cycle is used to quantify the degree of indoor thermal discomfort, prioritizing the constraint of the risk of direct cold air blowing into window areas. Its calculation formula is: ; in, The penalty coefficient for the most unfavorable thermal comfort measurement area is preset. For the first The first test area The local thermal discomfort deviation for each control cycle is calculated using the following formula: ; in, For the first The first test area The ambient temperature for each control cycle For the first The first test area Wind speed for each control cycle; The preset lower limit of indoor comfort temperature, This is the preset acceptable maximum indoor wind speed; The preset weighting coefficient for the temperature deviation term. The preset weighting coefficient for wind speed deviation is used. In the scenario of classroom heating in winter, the impact of low temperature on thermal comfort is greater than that of excessive wind speed. Therefore, the weighting of temperature deviation can be set higher to prioritize ensuring that the indoor temperature meets the standard and to meet the needs of heating in northern regions. For the first The mode switching cost term for each control cycle is used to characterize the magnitude of action changes between adjacent control cycles, suppressing frequent system adjustments and improving operational stability. Its calculation formula is: ; in, , , These are preset cost weight coefficients for changes in orifice opening, filter state switching, and orifice combination mode switching. These can be set according to the system's operational stability requirements. For example, orifice opening adjustment is a high-frequency, small-amplitude adjustment, and the cost weight can be set slightly higher than that for low-frequency, large-amplitude actions such as filter state switching and orifice combination mode switching. This can suppress motor wear and airflow fluctuations caused by frequent small-amplitude adjustments without hindering necessary state switching. For the first The opening status of the ventilation hole group in each control cycle. For the first The opening status of the ventilation hole group in each control cycle. The L1 norm is used to characterize the variation range of the aperture group. For the first The filtering status of each control cycle. For the first The filtering status of each control cycle; For the first Hole group combination mode for each control cycle For the first A combination pattern of hole groups for each control cycle; This is a binary indicator function, taking a value of 1 when the condition is met and 0 otherwise. It determines whether the filter state needs to be switched and whether the hole group combination mode needs to be switched. The purpose of this penalty term is to increase the value of the comprehensive environmental evaluation index if the adjustment range of the action in adjacent cycles is too large or the operating state needs to be switched, encouraging the system to adopt small and stable adjustments, avoiding frequent motor operation and wear, and avoiding the impact of fluctuating airflow on the user experience.

[0037] After completing the calculations for the four sub-items, control component 6 compares the obtained comprehensive environmental evaluation index with the preset qualification threshold: like If the current indoor environment is below the preset threshold, it means that the current indoor environment meets the preset requirements and no adjustment is needed. Maintain the current filtration status, pore group combination, opening degree, and negative pressure silent air suction device at level 7, and directly enter the next control cycle. like If the value exceeds the preset acceptable threshold, it indicates that there is a need for adjustment in the current environment, and the process proceeds to the subsequent hole group combination mode matching step.

[0038] Step S4: Match the hole group combination pattern corresponding to the ventilation intensity; When step S3 determines that there is an adjustment need, the control component 6 first matches the corresponding ventilation intensity hole group combination mode based on the current air quality compliance requirements and thermal comfort constraints. The specific process is as follows: (1) Calculate the Air Quality Demand Index (AQDII); the AQDII is used to quantify the current indoor air renewal demand. A higher value indicates a greater ventilation volume is required. The calculation formula is: ; in, Map weights to the preset CO2 deviation term. The preset weights for particulate matter deviation are mapped. Since the core purpose of ventilation is to replace indoor CO2, the concentration of particulate matter can be controlled by switching the filter status. Therefore, the mapping weights for CO2 deviation can be set higher to accurately reflect the ventilation demand. The value range is [0,1], and the larger the value, the higher the current demand for air quality improvement; (2) Calculate the thermal comfort permissibility index; the thermal comfort permissibility index is used to quantify the maximum ventilation intensity that the current thermal environment can withstand. The higher the value, the more permissible the strong ventilation mode is. The calculation formula is: ; in, The preset human thermal comfort reference threshold can be adjusted by users according to local climate conditions and heating temperature. The value range is [0,1], and the larger the value, the higher the ventilation intensity allowed by the current thermal comfort conditions; (3) Calculate the selected mode value and match the orifice combination mode; combine the selected mode value with the above two indices to balance air quality requirements and thermal comfort constraints, while ensuring the minimum ventilation volume. The calculation formula is: ; in, The preset minimum ventilation retention factor satisfies Preferably, the minimum ventilation retention coefficient can be set to 0.18 to ensure that the basic ventilation volume is maintained even when the thermal comfort allowance is 0, so as to avoid CO2 from rapidly exceeding 1500ppm within 1 hour due to completely closing the window, and to meet the minimum fresh air requirement. For the first The mode selection value for each control cycle; Several hole group combination patterns with progressively increasing ventilation intensity are preset based on the number of ventilation hole groups. The hole group combination pattern is matched according to the size of the pattern selection value. The larger the pattern selection value, the higher the ventilation intensity of the matched hole group combination pattern. Specifically, this embodiment pre-sets eight hole group combination patterns with sequentially increasing ventilation intensity, corresponding to the three-group hierarchical hole groups of the sliding micro-hole ventilation component 3. The pattern selection value is matched to the corresponding pattern according to the interval mapping. The eight patterns include: P (0) All three groups of holes are closed. P (1) Only the first hole group is open; P (2) Only the second hole group is open; P (3) The first and second hole groups are open; P (4) Only the third hole group is open; P (5) The first hole group and the third hole group are now open. P (6) The second hole group and the third hole group are now open. P (7) All three hole groups (first, second, and third) are open; After matching is completed, control component 6 records the current hole group combination mode and proceeds to the aperture calculation step.

[0039] Control component 6, based on the current teaching sequence status, calculates the actual opening degree of each hole group under the matched hole group combination mode to ensure gentle air supply without abrupt changes. The specific process is as follows: First, determine if this is the system's first startup. If the current control cycle number is... If there is no historical operating opening data, the initial opening calculation method will be used: ; in, This refers to the initial opening degree of the ventilation vent assembly during initial startup. This refers to the current teaching time sequence, including class time, break time, non-occupied time, and pre-class ventilation time. The pre-set teaching sequence The corresponding reference opening; The pre-set teaching sequence The corresponding initial correction gain; The comprehensive bias driving force at the first sampling time is calculated as follows: ; in, , , These are the preset teaching sequence states. The driving weighting coefficients for the CO2 deviation term, particulate matter deviation term, and thermal comfort constraint term are determined during class time. (The weight of thermal comfort) is higher than that of break time, and thermal discomfort should be given priority. , , These are the indoor CO2 deviation term, indoor particulate matter deviation term, and human thermal comfort constraint term calculated at the first sampling time, respectively. If the current control cycle number If the actual operating opening degree of the previous control cycle exists, the desired opening degree is obtained by calculating the incremental opening degree: ; in, For the first The expected opening degree for each control cycle; For the first The actual opening degree of the ventilation hole group in each control cycle; The pre-set teaching sequence The corresponding opening adjustment gain; For the first The calculation rule for the comprehensive deviation driving amount of each control cycle is the same as that for the comprehensive deviation driving amount at the first sampling time. To avoid rapid changes in opening between adjacent cycles causing sudden fluctuations in air supply, a constraint is imposed on the change in the desired opening to obtain the actual operating opening: ; in, The pre-set teaching sequence The corresponding maximum allowable change in opening degree per single cycle is used to avoid air supply disturbance caused by sudden changes in opening degree.

[0040] After the opening calculation is completed, the control component 6 records the current opening status of the hole group and sends the final control command to each execution component to complete the adjustment of this control cycle; After all the execution components are in place, the control component 6 waits for the preset control cycle (default 60s) and then returns to step S1 to re-collect environmental parameters and enter the closed-loop adjustment of the next control cycle.

[0041] Therefore, the present invention provides a zoned adjustable array microporous filter ventilation window and a teaching thermal comfort control method. This method achieves refined, graded ventilation through the use of independently adjustable sliding microporous ventilation components with multi-level apertures; allows independently sliding filters to switch filtration states as needed; employs a multi-objective collaborative evaluation logic of "multi-zone weighting + most unfavorable area penalty" to adapt to local experience needs; and combines differentiated control priorities based on teaching time sequences. This core design realizes a closed-loop ventilation and purification process of "environmental perception - state switching - mode matching - gentle adjustment." It solves the pain points of traditional classroom ventilation solutions, such as unintelligent filter switching, coarse adjustment granularity, failure to adapt to teaching rhythms leading to CO2 accumulation, external particulate matter intrusion, direct cold air blowing, and high ineffective energy consumption. It improves the accuracy of environmental control, the comfort of the air supply experience, and the adaptability to teaching scenarios. Simultaneously, it adapts to the needs of existing building renovations and new teaching building integration, providing a low-cost, highly compatible, and reliable solution for dedicated ventilation control in teaching scenarios.

[0042] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A zoned adjustable array microporous filter ventilation window, comprising a ventilation window body and a control component, characterized in that, It also includes a sliding support assembly, which is installed on the ventilation window body; a sliding microporous ventilation component is movably disposed on the sliding support assembly, the sliding microporous ventilation component has several groups of ventilation holes, each group of ventilation holes is equipped with an independent opening adjustment mechanism, the opening adjustment mechanism individually controls the opening, closing or opening ratio of the corresponding group of ventilation holes; a sliding filter component is also movably disposed on the sliding support assembly, the sliding filter component moves independently of the sliding microporous ventilation component, and switches between filtered ventilation state and non-filtered ventilation state by covering or offsetting the air inlet channel of the sliding microporous ventilation component; The partitioned adjustable array microporous filter ventilation window also includes an environmental monitoring component for collecting indoor and outdoor air quality parameters and thermal environment parameters. The control component is electrically connected to the sliding microporous ventilation component, the sliding filter component, and the environmental monitoring component, respectively, and is used to control the opening degree of the ventilation holes of the sliding microporous ventilation component and the position of the sliding filter component according to the collected environmental parameters.

2. The partitioned adjustable array microporous filter ventilation window according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding support assembly includes a sliding guide rail disposed on the top of the ventilation window body and a limiting guide rail disposed on the bottom of the ventilation window body. A limit sensor is disposed in the sliding guide rail to limit the sliding stroke of the sliding microporous ventilation component and the sliding filter component. The sliding microporous ventilation component and the sliding filter component are provided with a sliding assembly. The sliding microporous ventilation component and the sliding filter component are connected to the sliding guide rail at the top of the ventilation window body through the sliding assembly. The sliding assembly includes a pulley-driven stepper motor for driving the sliding microporous ventilation component and the sliding filter component to move on the sliding guide rail.

3. The partitioned adjustable array microporous filter ventilation window according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding micro-perforated ventilation component has three groups of ventilation holes distributed from top to bottom along the height of the window. The equivalent aperture and ventilation area of ​​the three groups of ventilation holes decrease sequentially. The first group of holes with the largest aperture is used to provide a large flow instantaneous ventilation capacity, the second group of holes with a medium aperture is used to balance the ventilation volume and thermal comfort requirements, and the third group of holes with the smallest aperture is used to provide low disturbance to maintain ventilation capacity. Each group of ventilation holes has a built-in baffle assembly. The opening adjustment mechanism includes a screw-driven stepper motor and a transmission gear. The transmission gear is connected to the output end of the screw-driven stepper motor and the baffle assembly. The screw-driven stepper motor drives the baffle assembly to rotate through the transmission gear, independently controlling the opening, closing, or arbitrary opening ratio adjustment of the corresponding ventilation hole group. The opening adjustment process of the three groups of ventilation holes is independent of each other.

4. The partitioned adjustable array microporous filter ventilation window according to claim 1, characterized in that, The environmental monitoring system includes several indoor monitoring units arranged in different indoor areas and outdoor monitoring units arranged outdoors. The indoor monitoring units are respectively set up in the podium area, the central area, and the window area of ​​the classroom. Each indoor monitoring unit is used to collect indoor temperature, wind speed, CO2 concentration, PM2.5 concentration, and PM10 concentration parameters. The outdoor monitoring units are used to collect outdoor temperature, CO2 concentration, PM2.5 concentration, and PM10 concentration parameters. The partitioned adjustable array microporous filter ventilation window also includes a negative pressure silent air intake device electrically connected to the control component, used to create negative pressure indoors and guide outdoor air into the room through the sliding microporous ventilation component.

5. The partitioned adjustable array microporous filter ventilation window according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control component has built-in reference control parameters corresponding to different teaching time sequence states. The teaching time sequence states include class time, break time, non-occupancy time, and pre-class ventilation time. Different teaching time sequence states correspond to different hole group opening reference values, maximum opening change in a single cycle, and control priorities.

6. A method for controlling thermal comfort in teaching, characterized in that, Applied to a partitioned adjustable array microporous filter ventilation window according to any one of claims 1-5, the method includes the following steps: S1. Collect indoor air quality parameters, thermal environment parameters, and outdoor air quality parameters for the current control cycle in multiple areas; S2. Based on the comparison results between outdoor air quality parameters and preset pollution thresholds, control the movement of the sliding filter element to switch between filtered ventilation state and unfiltered ventilation state. S3. Based on the current teaching schedule, the comprehensive environmental regulation requirements are calculated by considering the indoor air quality compliance requirements, human thermal comfort constraints, and system operational stability requirements. S4. Match the corresponding ventilation intensity hole group combination mode according to the comprehensive environmental adjustment requirements, adjust the opening degree of each ventilation hole group under the matched hole group combination mode, and then execute to enter the next control cycle.

7. The teaching thermal comfort control method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S3, the comprehensive environmental regulation demand is quantified using preset comprehensive environmental evaluation indicators. The formula for calculating the comprehensive environmental evaluation indicators is as follows: ； in, This is the sequence number of the current control cycle. For the first The comprehensive environmental assessment index for each control cycle, the larger the value, the higher the demand for comprehensive environmental regulation; , , , These are the preset weighting coefficients for CO2 deviation, particulate matter deviation, thermal comfort constraint, and mode switching cost. For the first The indoor CO2 deviation term for each control cycle is calculated as follows: ； in, This represents the total number of indoor survey areas. This refers to the survey area number; For the first Preset weighting coefficients for each test area; For the first The first test area CO2 concentration for each control cycle The preset indoor CO2 concentration target value; This is the preset penalty coefficient for the most unfavorable CO2 measurement area; For the first The indoor particulate matter deviation term for each control period is used to quantify the degree of indoor particulate matter concentration exceeding the standard. Its calculation formula is as follows: ； in, The preset weighting coefficients for the PM2.5 deviation item. The preset weighting coefficients for the PM10 deviation item; For the first The indoor PM2.5 deviation for each control cycle is calculated using the following formula: ； For the first The indoor PM10 deviation for each control cycle is calculated using the following formula: ； in, For the first The first test area PM2.5 concentration for each control cycle For the first The first test area PM10 concentration for each control cycle; The preset indoor PM2.5 concentration target value, The preset indoor PM10 concentration target value; This is the preset penalty coefficient for the most unfavorable PM2.5 monitoring area. This is the preset penalty coefficient for the most unfavorable PM10 monitoring area; For the first The human thermal comfort constraint term for each control cycle is used to quantify the degree of indoor thermal discomfort, and its calculation formula is as follows: ； in, The penalty coefficient for the most unfavorable thermal comfort measurement area is preset. For the first The first test area The local thermal discomfort deviation for each control cycle is calculated using the following formula: ； in, For the first The first test area The ambient temperature for each control cycle For the first The first test area Wind speed for each control cycle; The preset lower limit of indoor comfort temperature, This is the preset acceptable indoor wind speed limit; The preset weighting coefficient for the temperature deviation term. The preset weighting coefficient for the wind speed deviation term; For the first The mode switching cost term for each control cycle is used to characterize the magnitude of action changes between adjacent control cycles and to suppress frequent system adjustments. Its calculation formula is as follows: ； in, , , These are the preset weighting coefficients for the cost of changing the aperture group opening, the cost of switching the filter state, and the cost of switching the aperture group combination mode. For the first The opening status of the ventilation hole group in each control cycle. For the first The opening status of the ventilation hole group in each control cycle. The L1 norm is used to characterize the variation range of the aperture group. For the first The filtering status of each control cycle. For the first The filtering status of each control cycle; For the first Hole group combination mode for each control cycle For the first A combination pattern of hole groups for each control cycle; It is a binary indicator function, which takes the value 1 when the condition is true, and takes the value 0 otherwise.

8. The teaching thermal comfort control method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Step S4, the process of matching the orifice combination mode with the corresponding ventilation intensity according to the comprehensive environmental control requirements, includes: (1) Calculate the air quality demand index based on the indoor air quality compliance requirements of the current control period. The calculation formula is: ； in, Map weights to the preset CO2 deviation term. Map weights to the preset particulate matter deviation term; The value range is [0,1], and the larger the value, the higher the current demand for air quality improvement; (2) Calculate the thermal comfort permissible index based on the human thermal comfort constraint requirements of the current control period. The calculation formula is: ； in, The preset human thermal comfort reference threshold; The value range is [0,1], and the larger the value, the higher the ventilation intensity allowed by the current thermal comfort conditions; (3) Combining the calculation model selection values ​​of the air quality demand index and the thermal comfort permissible index, the calculation formula is: ； in, This is the preset minimum ventilation retention factor, used to ensure the minimum ventilation requirement; For the first The mode selection value for each control cycle; Several hole group combination patterns with progressively increasing ventilation intensity are preset based on the number of ventilation hole groups. The hole group combination pattern is matched according to the size of the pattern selection value. The larger the pattern selection value, the higher the ventilation intensity of the matched hole group combination pattern.

9. A teaching thermal comfort control method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S4, the process of adjusting the opening degree of each ventilation hole group is as follows: Determine if this is the first run; if the current control cycle number is... If there is no historical operating opening data, the initial opening calculation method will be used: ； in, This refers to the initial opening degree of the ventilation vent assembly during initial startup. This represents the current teaching time sequence status; The pre-set teaching sequence The corresponding reference opening; The pre-set teaching sequence The corresponding initial correction gain; The comprehensive bias driving force at the first sampling time is calculated as follows: ； in, , , These are the preset teaching sequence states. The driving weighting coefficients for the CO2 deviation term, particulate matter deviation term, and thermal comfort constraint term; , , These are the indoor CO2 deviation term, indoor particulate matter deviation term, and human thermal comfort constraint term calculated at the first sampling time, respectively. If the current control cycle number If the actual operating opening degree of the previous control cycle exists, the desired opening degree is obtained by calculating the incremental opening degree: ； in, For the first The expected opening degree for each control cycle; For the first The actual opening degree of the ventilation hole group in each control cycle; The pre-set teaching sequence The corresponding opening adjustment gain; For the first The comprehensive deviation driving force of each control cycle; By applying a single-cycle variation constraint to the expected opening, the actual executed opening is obtained: ； in, The pre-set teaching sequence The corresponding maximum allowable change in opening degree per single cycle is used to avoid air supply disturbance caused by sudden changes in opening degree.

10. A teaching thermal comfort control method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The teaching sequence states include class time, break time, non-occupancy time and pre-class ventilation time. Different teaching sequence states correspond to different control priorities and operating parameter configurations.

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