An asymmetric spectrally selective privacy display system for vehicle windows and a method of controlling the same

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of asymmetric spectrum selective privacy display systems for vehicle window and its control method, its system includes: the first transparent conductive layer being arranged between two layers of substrate glass layer, tunable nano-photonic structure layer, electric field response modulation layer and second transparent conductive layer;Tunable nano-photonic structure layer is used to perform differentiated optical response;Electric field response modulation layer is arranged in the adjacent position of tunable nano-photonic structure layer, for producing optical characteristic parameter change based on electric field to dynamically modulate the optical response characteristics of tunable nano-photonic structure layer;The first transparent conductive layer and / or second transparent conductive layer are patterned as transparent electrode array, and the intersection coverage area of row electrode and column electrode in transparent electrode array constitutes a controllable pixel unit;Controller, controller is connected with transparent electrode array, for outputting independent type drive signal to each pixel unit.The present application realizes the environmental self-adaptive intelligent adjustment of vehicle window privacy state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent vehicle window technology, and in particular to an asymmetric spectral selective privacy display system for vehicle windows and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of smart cockpit technology, the function of vehicle windows is no longer limited to light transmission, protection, and decoration. Users have put forward higher requirements for the privacy protection capabilities, visual comfort, and intelligent adjustment level of vehicle windows.

[0003] Currently, the following technical solutions exist in the field of car window privacy control: (1) Car window glass solutions based on overall dimming. Existing car dimming glass mostly uses polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC), suspended particle device (SPD) or electrochromic materials. By applying an electric field or voltage to the glass as a whole, the car window can switch from a transparent state to a semi-transparent or opaque state. (2) Venetian blinds or sunshade solutions based on solid structures. Some models use built-in Venetian blinds, sunshades or mechanical blocking structures to achieve privacy protection through physical blocking. (3) Privacy glass solutions based on liquid crystal partitions or fixed strips. By setting fixed strip electrodes or simple partitions inside the glass, local light transmission and blocking can be achieved to form strip-like or blurry effects.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned existing technical solutions have the following problems in practical applications: First, for the overall dimming solution, its privacy effect depends on the overall reduction of visible light intensity. When the glass switches from a transparent state to a privacy state, the overall visible light transmittance of the glass decreases simultaneously. At this time, it is difficult for people outside the car to see inside the car, and the clarity of the view for occupants inside the car is also reduced.

[0005] Secondly, for solid blinds or sunshade solutions, they rely on mechanical moving parts such as motors, guide rails, blades, or curtains. These mechanical structures not only occupy interior space around the doors or windows, but also suffer from problems such as noise, wear, jamming, aging, abnormal noises, and decreased reliability during long-term use.

[0006] Third, for fixed strip or simple partition schemes, they only support a limited number of display states. The position, width and density of the strip are predetermined by the electrode layout and cannot be dynamically adjusted or reconfigured according to actual needs.

[0007] Furthermore, all of the aforementioned existing solutions share a common limitation: there is a trade-off between privacy shielding and visual clarity. Regardless of whether overall dimming, mechanical blocking, or fixed strip methods are used, the achievement of privacy comes at the cost of visual clarity for occupants inside the vehicle. It is impossible to achieve an asymmetric privacy effect where details inside the vehicle are difficult to see from the outside, while the outside can still clearly observe the external environment. Summary of the Invention

[0008] (a) Technical problems to be solved In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an asymmetric spectral selective privacy display system for vehicle windows and its control method, which solves the technical problems of existing vehicle window privacy technologies, such as the inability to balance privacy shielding and field of vision clarity, lack of differentiated control over light propagation direction and spectrum, single privacy form and inability to be dynamically reconfigured, and poor reliability of mechanical structure schemes.

[0009] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include: In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an asymmetric spectral selective privacy display system for vehicle windows, comprising: A vehicle window glass assembly includes a first transparent conductive layer, a tunable nanophotonic structure layer, an electric field response modulation layer, and a second transparent conductive layer disposed between two substrate glass layers. The tunable nanophotonic structure layer consists of a non-centrosymmetric array of nanostructures configured to perform differentiated optical responses for a specified spectral range and a specified incident angle range. An electric field response modulation layer is disposed adjacent to the tunable nanophotonic structure layer and is configured to generate changes in optical property parameters under the action of the electric field formed between the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer, so as to dynamically modulate the optical response characteristics of the tunable nanophotonic structure layer through changes in optical property parameters. The first transparent conductive layer and / or the second transparent conductive layer are patterned into a transparent electrode array, and the cross-coverage area of ​​the row electrode and column electrode in the transparent electrode array constitutes a controllable pixel unit. The controller, which is electrically connected to the transparent electrode array, is configured to output independent drive signals to each pixel unit so that different areas of the window glass assembly form their respective target optical states.

[0010] Optionally, the tunable nanophotonic structure layer is composed of a subwavelength-scale nanostructure array. The nanostructure array adopts non-centrosymmetric or non-mirror-symmetric subwavelength structural units. The period, depth, height, duty cycle, sidewall tilt angle, arrangement direction, and material refractive index of the subwavelength structural units are configured to have differentiated optical responses for a specified spectral range and a specified incident angle range. The subwavelength structural unit is one of the following: asymmetric nanograting, blazed grating, L-type nanostructure, Γ-type nanostructure, trapezoidal cross-section nanoridge, double-layer dislocation metasurface, photonic crystal array, and plasmonic resonant structure; The spectral range includes the ultraviolet band of 280nm-400nm, the near-infrared band of 780nm-2500nm, and the visible light band of 450nm-650nm. The angle of incidence ranges from 15° to 60° relative to the window normal.

[0011] Optionally, the electric field response modulation layer is disposed adjacent to the tunable nanophotonic structure layer. Under the action of the electric field formed between the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer, the optical characteristic parameters such as refractive index, refractive index tensor, absorption coefficient, scattering cross section, molecular orientation or carrier concentration change. The optical response characteristics of the tunable nanophotonic structure layer are dynamically modulated by coupling and changing the resonant peak position, band gap position, coupling efficiency and scattering angle distribution of the tunable nanophotonic structure layer through the changes in optical characteristic parameters. The electric field response modulation layer is composed of at least one of the following materials: liquid crystal material, electro-optic polymer, phase change material, carrier tunable thin film, electrochromic material, and composite electro-optic material containing dichroic dye.

[0012] Optionally, the controller includes: a privacy risk calculation module, a pattern generation module, and a driving parameter calculation module; The privacy risk calculation module is configured to obtain the privacy risk level in the current scenario based on at least one of the following parameters: the ratio of in-vehicle illuminance to out-vehicle illuminance, the status of in-vehicle lights, vehicle speed, and user privacy level settings. The pattern generation module is configured to obtain a privacy mode and the corresponding optical state matrix based on the privacy risk level and / or the mode selection instruction input by the user. Each element in the optical state matrix corresponds to the target optical state of a controllable pixel unit. The optical state includes at least one of transmittance, haze or scattering intensity. The driving parameter calculation module is configured to convert the target optical state matrix into the driving voltage or pulse width modulation duty cycle corresponding to each pixel unit according to the pre-calibrated mapping relationship between optical state and driving parameters.

[0013] Optionally, privacy modes include: In transparent mode, a driving signal is output to the controllable pixel unit, which makes the electric field response modulation layer have the highest proportion of zero-order transmission channels. The semi-transparent privacy mode outputs a driving signal to the controllable pixel unit, causing the electric field response modulation layer to generate a uniform scattering field. The venetian blind privacy mode outputs differentiated driving signals to different controllable pixel units in the transparent electrode array, so that the window glass assembly forms a strip-shaped optical pattern in space with alternating high-transmittance and low-transmittance areas. One-way privacy mode outputs a drive signal to the controllable pixel unit, enabling the tunable nanophotonic structure layer to perform differentiated scattering modulation on light from outside the vehicle to inside the vehicle. In the bidirectional occlusion mode, a driving signal is output to the controllable pixel unit to put the electric field response modulation layer in a high scattering state.

[0014] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a control method for the above-described asymmetric spectral selective privacy display system for vehicle windows, comprising: Based on the acquired environmental perception signals and vehicle status signals, calculate the privacy risk level of the vehicle in the current scenario; Based on the privacy risk level and / or the mode selection instruction input by the user, a target privacy mode and a corresponding optical state matrix are generated; the target privacy mode includes at least one of the following: transparent mode, semi-transparent privacy mode, venetian blind privacy mode, one-way privacy mode, and two-way occlusion mode; the optical state includes at least one of the following: transmittance, haze, scattering intensity, or imaging sharpness level. Based on the pre-defined mapping relationship between optical states and driving parameters, the optical state matrix is ​​converted into a driving parameter matrix that controls controllable pixel units; Based on the driving parameter matrix, and according to the preset refresh rate, the corresponding driving parameters are output to each controllable pixel unit of the transparent electrode array so that each pixel unit presents its own corresponding target optical state.

[0015] Optionally, the target optical state matrix for generating the Venetian blind privacy mode includes: Obtain the shading strip parameters in the privacy mode of the blinds, and construct the strip coordinate system of the two-dimensional plane of the window based on the shading strip parameters; Map the position information of row and column electrodes in the transparent electrode array to the strip coordinate system; Based on the position of the controllable pixel unit in the strip coordinate system, determine whether the controllable pixel unit belongs to a high transmittance region, a low transmittance region, or a gradient transition region; When a controllable pixel unit belongs to a high transmittance region, a first target transmittance is assigned to that controllable pixel unit; When a controllable pixel unit belongs to a low transmittance region, a second target transmittance is assigned to that controllable pixel unit; When the controllable pixel unit belongs to the gradient transition region, a gradient transmittance between the first target transmittance and the second target transmittance is assigned to the controllable pixel unit. The first target transmittance is greater than the second target transmittance.

[0016] Optionally, converting the optical state matrix into a driving parameter matrix for controlling controllable pixel units, based on a pre-defined mapping relationship between optical states and driving parameters, includes: Based on the pre-calibrated mapping relationship between optical states and driving parameters, the initial driving parameters for controlling controllable pixel units are defined in the optical state matrix. Based on the current temperature of the substrate glass layer, and combined with the preset calibrated temperature and optical response characteristic curves, the temperature compensation coefficient for compensating the temperature drift of the tunable nanophotonic structure layer and the electric field response modulation layer is obtained. The initial driving parameters of all controllable pixel units are corrected by iterating through them according to the temperature compensation coefficient, thereby obtaining the driving parameter matrix for controlling the controllable pixel units.

[0017] Optionally, after outputting the corresponding driving parameters to each controllable pixel unit of the transparent electrode array according to the driving parameter matrix and a preset refresh rate, the method further includes: The actual light intensity transmitted through the vehicle windows is collected by light sensors installed on the inside and / or outside of the vehicle. Based on the error between the actual transmitted light intensity and the target transmitted light intensity corresponding to the target optical state, the driving parameters output to the corresponding controllable pixel unit are adjusted until the error falls within the preset threshold range.

[0018] Optionally, after outputting the corresponding driving parameters to each controllable pixel unit of the transparent electrode array according to the driving parameter matrix and a preset refresh rate, the method further includes: Based on the received mode switching command, the first driving parameter matrix of the transparent electrode array before mode switching and the second driving parameter matrix after mode switching are obtained; Based on the difference between the corresponding elements in the first driving parameter matrix and the second driving parameter matrix, and combined with the preset gradient transition curve function, the gradient transition curve of each controllable pixel unit is constructed. Starting with the driving parameter values ​​in the first driving parameter matrix and ending with the driving parameter values ​​in the second driving parameter matrix, the driving parameters of each controllable pixel unit are gradually adjusted according to the gradual transition curve until the driving parameters of all controllable pixel units reach the corresponding values ​​in the second driving parameter matrix.

[0019] (III) Beneficial Effects The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The asymmetric spectral selective privacy display system for vehicle windows of this invention uses a non-centrosymmetric nanophotonic structure layer to differentially modulate the direction of light propagation. This causes more light to be coupled to scattering channels, deflection channels, or higher-order diffraction channels when propagating from outside the vehicle to inside, while maintaining a high proportion of zero-order transmission channels when propagating from inside the vehicle to outside. Compared with the prior art, it can significantly reduce the image clarity in the direction outside the vehicle while allowing the occupants inside the vehicle to still maintain a clear external view. This fundamentally solves the technical contradiction between privacy enhancement and field of view clarity in traditional privacy solutions.

[0020] Meanwhile, the present invention also adopts controllable pixel units formed by matrix transparent electrode arrays and corresponding control methods, enabling the car window to achieve a louver-like privacy effect without any physical mechanical structure. Compared with existing physical louver or sunshade solutions, it eliminates mechanical moving parts, eliminates noise, wear and reliability issues, and the display effect of the louver or sunshade is generated and dynamically adjusted in real time by the controller, giving it programmability and flexibility that traditional mechanical solutions cannot provide. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an asymmetric spectral selective privacy display system for vehicle windows according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial enlarged view of a vehicle window glass assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an optical path provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A control logic block diagram of a controller provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic flowchart of a control method for an asymmetric spectral selective privacy display system for vehicle windows, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Images] 1: Outer substrate glass layer; 2: Outer encapsulation layer; 3: First transparent conductive layer; 4: Tunable nanophotonic structure layer; 5: Electric field response modulation layer; 6: Second transparent conductive layer; 7: Inner encapsulation layer; 8: Inner substrate glass layer; 9: Edge sealing area. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To better explain and facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] refer to Figures 1 to 5As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, an asymmetric spectrally selective privacy display system for vehicle windows includes: a vehicle window glass assembly, comprising a first transparent conductive layer 3, a tunable nanophotonic structure layer 4, an electric field response modulation layer 5, and a second transparent conductive layer 6 disposed between two substrate glass layers; the tunable nanophotonic structure layer 4 is composed of a non-centrosymmetric nanostructure array and is configured to perform differentiated optical responses to a specified spectral range and a specified incident angle range; the electric field response modulation layer 5 is disposed adjacent to the tunable nanophotonic structure layer 4 and is configured to be in the first transparent conductive layer The optical characteristic parameters change under the action of the electric field formed between the first transparent conductive layer 3 and the second transparent conductive layer 6, so as to dynamically modulate the optical response characteristics of the tunable nanophotonic structure layer 4 through the change of optical characteristic parameters; the first transparent conductive layer 3 and / or the second transparent conductive layer 6 are patterned into a transparent electrode array, and the cross-covering area of ​​the row electrode and column electrode in the transparent electrode array constitutes a controllable pixel unit; the controller is electrically connected to the transparent electrode array and is configured to output independent driving signals to each pixel unit so that different areas of the window glass assembly form their respective target optical states.

[0025] This embodiment employs a non-centrosymmetric nanophotonic structure layer to differentially modulate the light propagation direction. This results in more light being coupled to scattering, deflection, or higher-order diffraction channels when propagating from outside the vehicle to inside, while maintaining a high proportion of zero-order transmission channels when propagating from inside the vehicle to outside. Compared to existing technologies, this significantly reduces image clarity in the external direction while ensuring clear external visibility for occupants inside the vehicle, fundamentally resolving the technical contradiction between privacy enhancement and visual clarity in traditional privacy solutions. Furthermore, this embodiment utilizes controllable pixel units formed by a matrix-type transparent electrode array and corresponding control methods, enabling the window to achieve a venetian blind-like privacy effect without any physical mechanical structure. Compared to existing physical venetian blinds or sunshades, this eliminates mechanical moving parts, removing noise, wear, and reliability issues. Moreover, the controller generates and dynamically adjusts the venetian blind or sunshade display effect in real time, providing programmability and flexibility unavailable in traditional mechanical solutions.

[0026] To better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention can be understood more clearly and thoroughly, and that the scope of the present invention can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0027] First, refer to Figure 1As shown, the vehicle window glass assembly includes a first transparent conductive layer 3, a tunable nanophotonic structure layer 4, an electric field response modulation layer 5, and a second transparent conductive layer 6 disposed between two substrate glass layers. Specifically, from the outside of the vehicle to the inside, the vehicle window glass assembly is sequentially configured as an outer substrate glass layer 1, a first transparent conductive layer 3, a tunable nanophotonic structure layer 4, an electric field response modulation layer 5, a second transparent conductive layer 6, and an inner substrate glass layer 8. A lead-in port is provided in the edge sealing area 9 on the inner substrate glass layer 8. The lead-in port extends to the control input terminals of the first transparent conductive layer 3 and the second transparent conductive layer 6, so that the first transparent conductive layer 3 and the second transparent conductive layer 6 can be connected to the controller through the lead-in port.

[0028] Secondly, refer to Figure 2 As shown, the tunable nanophotonic structure layer 4 is composed of a subwavelength-scale nanostructure array. This array employs non-centrosymmetric or non-mirror-symmetric subwavelength structural units. The period, depth, height, duty cycle, sidewall tilt angle, arrangement direction, and material refractive index of these subwavelength structural units are configured to provide differentiated optical responses for specified spectral and incident angle ranges. The subwavelength structural units can be one of the following: asymmetric nanogratings, blazed gratings, L-shaped nanostructures, Γ-shaped nanostructures, trapezoidal cross-section nanoridges, double-layer dislocation metasurfaces, photonic crystal arrays, and plasmonic resonant structures. In this embodiment, a non-centrosymmetric or non-mirror-symmetric structural design using a trapezoidal cross-section nanoridge array is preferred. The width of the upper base differs from the width of the lower base, resulting in an asymmetric equivalent refractive index distribution in both propagation directions. When light is incident from one side of the structure, its propagation path, phase accumulation, and coupling conditions within the structure differ from those incident from the other side, leading to direction-dependent differences in transmittance, scattering intensity, and diffraction efficiency.

[0029] To further explain, the differentiated optical response specifically refers to the different transmittance, reflectance, absorptivity, scattering intensity, scattering angle distribution, diffraction direction, and imaging sharpness suppression capabilities exhibited by the nanophotonic structure layer in response to light with different spectral ranges, different incident angle ranges, different propagation directions, and different electric field driving states. In particular, the nanophotonic structure layer does not process all light in the same way, but rather produces a selective response based on the wavelength, incident angle, and propagation direction of the light. For the 280nm-400nm ultraviolet band, the nanophotonic structure layer can reduce its transmittance through material absorption, structural reflection, or bandgap suppression, making it difficult for ultraviolet light to enter the vehicle interior, thereby reducing the impact of ultraviolet rays on occupants' skin and interior materials. For the 780nm-2500nm near-infrared band, the nanophotonic structure layer can reduce its transmittance through material absorption, structural reflection, or bandgap suppression, making it difficult for ultraviolet light to enter the vehicle interior, thereby reducing the impact of ultraviolet rays on occupants' skin and interior materials. For the 450nm-650nm visible light band, the nanophotonic structure layer can perform differentiated modulation according to the incident angle and propagation direction. When light enters the car window at a common viewing angle for people outside the car, such as an oblique incident range of 15°-60° relative to the normal direction of the car window, the nanostructure will cause more of this light to enter the scattering channel, deflection channel, or higher-order diffraction channel. This causes the light that originally carried image information such as faces, postures, and object outlines inside the car to undergo angular diffusion and phase perturbation, thereby reducing the image clarity for external observers. When occupants look outwards with normal line of sight, such as near the window normal or within a small angle range, the nanostructure maintains a high zero-order transmittance and low haze, allowing occupants to clearly identify the outlines of external roads, pedestrians, vehicles, and the environment. Under different electric field driving states (the electric field interaction between the first transparent conductive layer 3 and the second transparent conductive layer 6), the optical properties of the electric field response modulation layer 5, such as refractive index, molecular orientation, absorption coefficient, or scattering cross-section, change. This alters the resonance peak position, bandgap range, coupling efficiency, and scattering angle distribution of the nanophotonic structure layer. Specifically, the same window area can exhibit high transmittance and low haze under low voltage conditions; mild scattering and semi-transparent privacy under medium voltage conditions; and high scattering, low clarity, or venetian blind-like obstruction under higher voltage or specific PWM duty cycle conditions.

[0030] Next, the electric field response modulation layer 5 is disposed adjacent to the tunable nanophotonic structure layer 4. Under the influence of the electric field formed between the first transparent conductive layer 3 and the second transparent conductive layer 6, optical characteristic parameters such as refractive index, refractive index tensor, absorption coefficient, scattering cross section, molecular orientation, or carrier concentration change. These changes in optical characteristic parameters couple and alter the resonant peak position, band gap position, coupling efficiency, and scattering angle distribution of the tunable nanophotonic structure layer 4, thereby dynamically modulating its optical response characteristics. The electric field response modulation layer 5 is composed of at least one material selected from liquid crystal materials, electro-optic polymers, phase change materials, carrier-tunable thin films, electrochromic materials, and composite electro-optic materials containing dichroic dyes.

[0031] In this embodiment, the refractive index change occurs because the material density, molecular orientation, or electronic polarizability of the electric field-responsive modulation layer 5 changes under the influence of an electric field, leading to a change in the macroscopic refractive index of the material for light. The refractive index tensor change occurs because the dielectric constant tensor of the material changes under the influence of an electric field, thus causing a change in the refractive index tensor. The absorption coefficient change occurs because the carrier concentration, band structure, or molecular energy level distribution in the electric field-responsive modulation layer 5 changes under the influence of an electric field, leading to a change in the material's absorption capacity for specific wavelengths of light. The scattering cross-section change occurs because the orientation of the liquid crystal microdroplets changes under the influence of an electric field, resulting in a change in the degree of refractive index matching between the microdroplets and the polymer matrix. The molecular orientation change occurs because the electric field acts on the permanent or induced dipole moments of the molecules, causing the molecules to rearrange along the direction of the electric field. The carrier concentration change occurs based on an applied electric field to adjust the carrier concentration in the thin film through a field effect.

[0032] To further explain, the optical response (including resonant peak position, bandgap position, coupling efficiency, and scattering angle distribution) of the tunable nanophotonic structure layer 4 depends on the refractive index environment of its surrounding medium. The electric field response modulation layer 5, as an adjacent layer or filling medium of the tunable nanophotonic structure layer 4, changes its optical properties, such as refractive index, under the influence of an electric field, thus altering the equivalent dielectric environment around the tunable nanophotonic structure layer 4.

[0033] For example, consider a liquid crystal-filled nanograting structure. When there is no electric field or a low voltage, the liquid crystal molecules align in a specific direction, and the equivalent refractive index around the nanograting is n1. At this time, the resonant peak of the nanograting is located at wavelength λ1. When an electric field is applied, the liquid crystal molecules undergo orientation rotation, and the equivalent refractive index changes to n2. The resonant peak of the nanograting shifts to λ2. The relationship between the shift in resonant peak position Δλ = n1 - n2 and the change in refractive index Δn = λ1 - λ2 can be approximately expressed as: Δλ / λ ≈ Δn / n eff (λ is the central resonant wavelength, n) eff(The effective refractive index), that is, the relative change in the resonance peak position is approximately equal to the relative change in the equivalent refractive index.

[0034] To further explain, when the refractive index environment around the tunable nanophotonic structure layer 4 changes, the phase modulation depth and diffraction efficiency of the nanostructure for incident light also change, i.e., the scattering angle distribution is modulated. Specifically, the scattering cross section σ of the nanostructure... sca Refractive index n of the surrounding medium m The relationship between them can be represented as: σ sca ∝(n p 2 -n m 2 ) 2 , where n p is the refractive index of the nanostructured material. When n... m When the electric field changes, the scattering cross section changes accordingly, causing a change in the proportion of incident light entering the scattering channel from the main transmission channel.

[0035] To further explain, when the refractive index of the electric field response modulation layer 5 changes, altering the degree of matching between the resonance conditions of the tunable nanophotonic structure layer 4 and the wavelength and angle of the incident light, the coupling efficiency of light energy in the nanostructure (i.e., the efficiency of coupling from the incident light field to the local or surface modes of the nanostructure) changes accordingly. This change in coupling efficiency directly affects the linewidth, depth, and position of the transmission spectrum.

[0036] Then, the first transparent conductive layer 3 and / or the second transparent conductive layer 6 are patterned into a transparent electrode array, where the intersection of row electrodes and column electrodes in the transparent electrode array constitutes a controllable pixel unit. The first transparent conductive layer 3 is patterned into multiple row electrodes extending along a first direction, with the row electrodes being parallel to each other and spaced apart. The spacing between adjacent row electrodes determines the size of the pixel unit in the row direction. The second transparent conductive layer 6 is patterned into multiple column electrodes extending along a second direction, with the column electrodes being parallel to each other and spaced apart. The spacing between adjacent column electrodes determines the size of the pixel unit in the column direction.

[0037] In this embodiment, the row electrode is disposed on the first transparent conductive layer 3 (located outside the tunable nanophotonic structure layer 4), and the column electrode is disposed on the second transparent conductive layer 6 (located inside the electric field response modulation layer 5). Both are located on opposite sides of the combination of the tunable nanophotonic structure layer 4 and the electric field response modulation layer 5. The row electrode and the column electrode are separated by the tunable nanophotonic structure layer 4 and the electric field response modulation layer 5, forming a capacitive coupling structure. When a voltage is applied between the row electrode and the column electrode, the electric field response modulation layer 5 in the area where they intersect is subjected to an electric field, causing a change in its optical properties. Since the row electrode and the column electrode are located on opposite sides of the electric field response modulation layer 5, the direction of the electric field formed at the intersection is approximately perpendicular to the window plane, effectively driving the electric field response modulation layer 5.

[0038] To further explain, the overlapping area of ​​row and column electrodes constitutes a controllable pixel unit. Specifically, when the i-th row electrode and the j-th column electrode intersect on the window plane, the overlapping area is the pixel unit P(i,j). The size of each controllable pixel unit is determined by the row electrode spacing and the column electrode spacing. For example, when the row electrode spacing is 3mm and the column electrode spacing is 3mm, each controllable pixel unit is a 3mm × 3mm square area. The electric field response modulation layer 5 area corresponding to each controllable pixel unit can be independently controlled. When the row driver in the controller selects the i-th row electrode, and the column driver in the controller applies a specific voltage to the j-th column electrode, the electric field response modulation layer 5 at the intersection of the i-th row electrode and the j-th column electrode is subjected to an electric field, and its optical properties change. Other row and column electrodes are not selected or are subjected to different voltages, so the corresponding pixel units are unaffected or subjected to different electric fields. Thus, the optical state of each controllable pixel unit can be independently set, realizing differentiated privacy adjustment for different areas of the window.

[0039] It is worth noting that the number of controllable pixel units is determined by the number of row electrodes and column electrodes. For example, when a car window glass assembly contains 100 row electrodes and 200 column electrodes, the total number of controllable pixel units is 100 × 200 = 20,000. The more pixel units there are, the more detailed the privacy patterns that the car window can display. In this embodiment, the number of pixel units is preferably no less than 1,000, and more preferably no less than 10,000, to meet the special display requirements of privacy patterns such as venetian blind strips, gradients, and mosaics.

[0040] Finally, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the controller is electrically connected to the transparent electrode array and is configured to output independent drive signals to each pixel unit, so that different areas of the window glass assembly form their respective target optical states. The controller can be implemented using a microcontroller unit (MCU), system-on-a-chip (SoC), field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), and the controller includes at least: a privacy risk calculation module, a pattern generation module, and a drive parameter calculation module.

[0041] The privacy risk calculation module is configured to obtain the privacy risk level in the current scenario based on at least one of the following parameters: the ratio of in-vehicle illuminance to out-of-vehicle illuminance, the status of in-vehicle lights, vehicle speed, and user privacy level settings.

[0042] To further explain, the higher the ratio of interior illuminance to exterior illuminance, the easier it is for outsiders to see inside the vehicle, thus increasing the privacy risk level. When interior lights are on, interior illuminance increases significantly, further increasing the privacy risk level. When the vehicle speed is below a preset threshold or the vehicle is parked, outsiders have more opportunities and longer periods to peer inside, increasing the privacy risk level. Alternatively, when the vehicle speed is above a preset threshold, the privacy risk level corresponding to the driver's field of vision is forcibly set to the lowest value to ensure driving safety. In rainy, foggy, or low-visibility conditions, external peeping becomes more difficult, and the privacy risk level can be appropriately reduced to avoid unnecessary privacy modulation affecting driving visibility.

[0043] The pattern generation module is configured to obtain a privacy mode and a corresponding optical state matrix based on the privacy risk level and / or the mode selection instruction input by the user. Each element in the optical state matrix corresponds to the target optical state of a controllable pixel unit. The optical state includes at least one of transmittance, haze, or scattering intensity.

[0044] Furthermore, the privacy modes include: a transparent mode, which outputs a driving signal to the controllable pixel units to maximize the proportion of the electric field response modulation layer 5 in the zero-order transmission channel; a semi-transparent privacy mode, which outputs a driving signal to the controllable pixel units to generate a uniform scattering field in the electric field response modulation layer 5; a veil privacy mode, which outputs differentiated driving signals to different controllable pixel units in the transparent electrode array to form a strip-shaped optical pattern in the window glass assembly with alternating high-transmittance and low-transmittance areas in space; a unidirectional privacy mode, which outputs a driving signal to the controllable pixel units to perform differentiated scattering modulation on light from outside the vehicle to inside the vehicle in the tunable nanophotonic structure layer 4; and a bidirectional occlusion mode, which outputs a driving signal to the controllable pixel units to put the electric field response modulation layer 5 in a high scattering state. Furthermore, the semi-transparent privacy mode is further divided into a mild privacy mode, a medium privacy mode, and a high privacy mode based on the voltage range of the input transparent electrode array.

[0045] For example, when the privacy risk level is lower than the preset first level (high transparency scenario) and the user has not actively requested enhanced privacy, the transparent mode is selected as the target privacy mode. When the privacy risk level is between the first and second levels, or when the user selects a privacy mode, the semi-transparent privacy mode or one-way privacy mode is selected as the target privacy mode. The semi-transparent privacy mode is suitable for application scenarios requiring uniform privacy, while the one-way privacy mode is suitable for application scenarios that prioritize preserving the clarity of the in-vehicle view. When the privacy risk level is higher than the second level, or when the user selects the blinds mode or the occlusion mode, the blinds privacy mode or the two-way occlusion mode is selected as the target privacy mode.

[0046] In this embodiment, the pattern generation module can also support the superposition and combination of multiple modes. For example, the one-way privacy mode and the venetian blind privacy mode can be superimposed to form a one-way venetian blind mode, in which the strip-shaped high and low transmittance areas are asymmetrically distributed, with enhanced scattering in the external viewing direction and relatively clear visibility in the internal viewing direction. The two-way shading mode and the venetian blind privacy mode can be superimposed to form a two-way venetian blind shading mode, in which the strip-shaped area exhibits high scattering or low transmittance in both the external and internal directions.

[0047] The driving parameter calculation module is configured to convert the target optical state matrix into the driving voltage or pulse width modulation duty cycle corresponding to each pixel unit according to the pre-calibrated mapping relationship between optical state and driving parameters.

[0048] Furthermore, the mapping relationship between optical state and driving parameters is shown in Table 1. When the driving voltage is 0V or low voltage, the PWM duty cycle is low, and the electric field response modulation layer 5 is in a high transmittance and low haze state, which is the transparent mode. When the output voltage range is 5V-10V, the visible light is slightly scattered, the external detail recognition is reduced, but the observation inside the vehicle is basically unaffected, which is the mild privacy mode. When the output voltage range is 10V-20V, the scattering and deflection within the external viewing angle range are enhanced, so that only a blurry outline can be seen from the outside, which is the medium privacy mode. When the output voltage range is 20V-30V, or the PWM duty cycle is increased, a specific area enters a high scattering and low clarity state, which is the high privacy mode. The venetian blind mode outputs different voltages to different pixel areas in the matrix electrode, so that some areas are highly transmittance and other areas are highly scattering or low transmittance, thereby forming a virtual venetian blind strip.

[0049] Table 1. Mapping Relationship between Optical State and Driving Parameters

[0050] It should be noted that the voltage range described above is merely illustrative. The actual driving voltage depends on the material type, thickness, electrode spacing, and target optical state of the electric field response modulation layer 5. The actual driving voltage may differ for different material systems, and this embodiment does not impose a uniform limitation on this. The specific values ​​of the driving parameters should be determined through pre-calibration, and the calibration data can be stored in the controller's memory for real-time lookup.

[0051] Secondly, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment also proposes a control method for the above-described asymmetric spectral selective privacy display system for vehicle windows, which includes the following steps S100 to S400: S100. Calculate the privacy risk level of the vehicle in the current scenario based on the acquired environmental perception signals and vehicle status signals.

[0052] In this embodiment, the environmental perception signals include external illuminance signals, internal illuminance signals, and solar incidence direction signals. Vehicle status signals include vehicle speed signals, gear position signals, door status signals, parking status signals, and internal lighting status signals.

[0053] S200. Based on the privacy risk level and / or the mode selection instruction input by the user, generate a target privacy mode and a corresponding optical state matrix; the target privacy mode includes at least one of the following: transparent mode, semi-transparent privacy mode, venetian blind privacy mode, one-way privacy mode, and two-way occlusion mode; the optical state includes at least one of the following: transmittance, haze, scattering intensity, or imaging sharpness level.

[0054] In this embodiment, the step of generating the target optical state matrix of the Venetian blind privacy mode may include the following sub-steps S211 to S214: S211. Obtain the shading strip parameters in the privacy mode of the blinds, and construct the strip coordinate system of the two-dimensional plane of the window based on the shading strip parameters.

[0055] S212. Map the position information of the row electrodes and column electrodes in the transparent electrode array to the strip coordinate system.

[0056] S213. Based on the position of the controllable pixel unit in the strip coordinate system, determine whether the controllable pixel unit belongs to a high transmittance region, a low transmittance region, or a gradient transition region.

[0057] S214a. When the controllable pixel unit belongs to the high transmittance region, assign a first target transmittance to the controllable pixel unit.

[0058] S214b: When the controllable pixel unit belongs to the low transmittance region, assign a second target transmittance to the controllable pixel unit.

[0059] S214c: When the controllable pixel unit belongs to the gradient transition region, assign a gradient transmittance between the first target transmittance and the second target transmittance to the controllable pixel unit.

[0060] The first target transmittance is greater than the second target transmittance.

[0061] S300: Based on the pre-calibrated mapping relationship between optical states and driving parameters, the optical state matrix is ​​converted into a driving parameter matrix that controls controllable pixel units.

[0062] In this embodiment, step S300 may include the following steps S310 to S330: S310. Based on the pre-calibrated mapping relationship between optical state and driving parameters, the initial driving parameters for controlling controllable pixel units in the optical state matrix are determined.

[0063] S320. Based on the current temperature of the substrate glass layer and combined with the preset calibrated temperature and optical response characteristic curves, obtain the temperature compensation coefficient used to compensate for the temperature drift of the tunable nanophotonic structure layer and the electric field response modulation layer.

[0064] S330: Traverse the initial driving parameters of all controllable pixel units according to the temperature compensation coefficient to obtain the driving parameter matrix for controlling the controllable pixel units.

[0065] S400: Based on the driving parameter matrix, according to the preset refresh frequency, output the corresponding driving parameters to each controllable pixel unit of the transparent electrode array so that each pixel unit presents its corresponding target optical state.

[0066] In this embodiment, the refresh rate is no less than 60Hz to ensure the optical state of each pixel unit is stable and flicker-free. For material systems with slower response speeds, the refresh rate can be set to 30Hz-60Hz, combined with a holding circuit to maintain the pixel state.

[0067] In this embodiment, after step S400, closed-loop correction steps S511 to S512 are further included: S511. The actual transmitted light intensity of the vehicle window is collected by a light sensor installed on the inside and / or outside of the vehicle.

[0068] S512. Based on the error between the actual transmitted light intensity and the target transmitted light intensity corresponding to the target optical state, adjust the driving parameters output to the corresponding controllable pixel unit until the error falls within the preset threshold range.

[0069] In this embodiment, after step S400, there are also gradual transition steps S521 to S523 during mode switching: S521. Based on the received mode switching command, obtain the first driving parameter matrix of the transparent electrode array before mode switching and the second driving parameter matrix after mode switching.

[0070] S522. Based on the difference between the corresponding elements in the first driving parameter matrix and the second driving parameter matrix, and combined with the preset gradient transition curve function, construct the gradient transition curve for each controllable pixel unit.

[0071] S523. Starting from each driving parameter value in the first driving parameter matrix and ending at each driving parameter value in the second driving parameter matrix, adjust the driving parameters of each controllable pixel unit step by step according to the gradual transition curve until the driving parameters of all controllable pixel units reach the corresponding values ​​in the second driving parameter matrix.

[0072] In summary, this invention proposes an asymmetric spectrally selective privacy display system for vehicle windows and its control method. By integrating a non-centrosymmetric nanophotonic structure layer and an electric field response modulation layer within the window glass interlayer, it achieves differentiated optical modulation of the light propagation direction, spectral band, and incident angle range. When light propagates from outside the vehicle to inside, the light is coupled more into scattering channels, deflection channels, or higher-order diffraction channels, significantly weakening the imaging capability. When light propagates from inside the vehicle to outside, the light maintains a high proportion of zero-order transmission channels, allowing occupants to clearly observe the external environment. Therefore, it fundamentally solves the technical contradiction between privacy enhancement and visual clarity in existing vehicle window privacy technologies. Furthermore, this invention uses a matrix-type transparent electrode array to form controllable pixel units, combined with a driving parameter matrix generated by a controller, enabling the window to switch and combine various programmable privacy display states, such as transparent mode, semi-transparent privacy mode, venetian blind privacy mode, one-way privacy mode, and two-way occlusion mode, without any physical mechanical structure. The direction, period, width, duty cycle, and edge transition of the venetian blinds in privacy mode can all be dynamically adjusted in real time by the controller, offering programmability and flexibility unavailable in traditional mechanical venetian blinds and fixed-strip privacy glass. Through a privacy risk calculation module, the system automatically calculates the privacy risk level for the current scenario based on parameters such as the ratio of interior to exterior illuminance, the status of interior lights, vehicle speed, and user privacy level settings, enabling environmentally adaptive adjustment of the window privacy status. By employing temperature compensation and closed-loop correction steps, the system eliminates the impact of temperature drift and material aging on optical output accuracy, ensuring long-term stability and reliability. A gradual transition during mode switching avoids abrupt changes in optical state, enhancing the user experience.

[0073] Since the systems / devices described in the above embodiments of the present invention are systems / devices used to implement the methods of the above embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can understand the specific structure and modifications of the systems / devices based on the methods described in the above embodiments of the present invention, and therefore will not be repeated here. All systems / devices used in the methods of the above embodiments of the present invention fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0074] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0075] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, as well as combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions.

[0076] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the word "a" or "an" preceding a component does not exclude the existence of multiple such components. This invention can be implemented by means of hardware comprising several different components and by means of a suitably programmed computer. The use of terms such as first, second, third, etc., is merely for convenience and does not indicate any order. These terms can be understood as part of the component names.

[0077] Furthermore, it should be noted that in the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0078] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning of the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments.

[0079] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. An asymmetric spectral selective privacy display system for vehicle windows, characterized in that, include: A vehicle window glass assembly includes a first transparent conductive layer, a tunable nanophotonic structure layer, an electric field response modulation layer, and a second transparent conductive layer disposed between two substrate glass layers. The tunable nanophotonic structure layer consists of a non-centrosymmetric array of nanostructures configured to perform differentiated optical responses for a specified spectral range and a specified incident angle range. An electric field response modulation layer is disposed adjacent to the tunable nanophotonic structure layer and is configured to generate changes in optical property parameters under the action of the electric field formed between the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer, so as to dynamically modulate the optical response characteristics of the tunable nanophotonic structure layer through changes in optical property parameters. The first transparent conductive layer and / or the second transparent conductive layer are patterned into a transparent electrode array, and the cross-coverage area of ​​the row electrode and column electrode in the transparent electrode array constitutes a controllable pixel unit. The controller, which is electrically connected to the transparent electrode array, is configured to output independent drive signals to each pixel unit so that different areas of the window glass assembly form their respective target optical states.

2. The asymmetric spectral selective privacy display system for vehicle windows as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The tunable nanophotonic structure layer is composed of a subwavelength scale nanostructure array. The nanostructure array adopts non-centrosymmetric or non-mirror symmetric subwavelength structural units. The period, depth, height, duty cycle, sidewall tilt angle, arrangement direction and material refractive index of the subwavelength structural units are configured to have differentiated optical responses for a specified spectral range and a specified incident angle range. The subwavelength structural unit is one of the following: asymmetric nanograting, blazed grating, L-type nanostructure, Γ-type nanostructure, trapezoidal cross-section nanoridge, double-layer dislocation metasurface, photonic crystal array, and plasmonic resonant structure; The spectral range includes the ultraviolet band of 280nm-400nm, the near-infrared band of 780nm-2500nm, and the visible light band of 450nm-650nm. The angle of incidence ranges from 15° to 60° relative to the window normal.

3. The asymmetric spectral selective privacy display system for vehicle windows as described in claim 1, characterized in that, An electric field response modulation layer is disposed adjacent to the tunable nanophotonic structure layer. Under the action of the electric field formed between the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer, the optical characteristic parameters such as refractive index, refractive index tensor, absorption coefficient, scattering cross section, molecular orientation or carrier concentration change. The optical response characteristics of the tunable nanophotonic structure layer are dynamically modulated by coupling the changes in optical characteristic parameters to change the resonant peak position, band gap position, coupling efficiency and scattering angle distribution of the tunable nanophotonic structure layer. The electric field response modulation layer is composed of at least one of the following materials: liquid crystal material, electro-optic polymer, phase change material, carrier tunable thin film, electrochromic material, and composite electro-optic material containing dichroic dye.

4. The asymmetric spectral selective privacy display system for vehicle windows as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The controller includes: Privacy risk calculation module, pattern generation module, and driving parameter calculation module; The privacy risk calculation module is configured to obtain the privacy risk level in the current scenario based on at least one of the following parameters: the ratio of in-vehicle illuminance to out-vehicle illuminance, the status of in-vehicle lights, vehicle speed, and user privacy level settings. The pattern generation module is configured to obtain a privacy mode and the corresponding optical state matrix based on the privacy risk level and / or the mode selection instruction input by the user. Each element in the optical state matrix corresponds to the target optical state of a controllable pixel unit. The optical state includes at least one of transmittance, haze or scattering intensity. The driving parameter calculation module is configured to convert the target optical state matrix into the driving voltage or pulse width modulation duty cycle corresponding to each pixel unit according to the pre-calibrated mapping relationship between optical state and driving parameters.

5. The asymmetric spectral selective privacy display system for vehicle windows as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Privacy modes include: In transparent mode, a driving signal is output to the controllable pixel unit, which makes the electric field response modulation layer have the highest proportion of zero-order transmission channels. The semi-transparent privacy mode outputs a driving signal to the controllable pixel unit, causing the electric field response modulation layer to generate a uniform scattering field. The venetian blind privacy mode outputs differentiated driving signals to different controllable pixel units in the transparent electrode array, so that the window glass assembly forms a strip-shaped optical pattern in space with alternating high-transmittance and low-transmittance areas. One-way privacy mode outputs a drive signal to the controllable pixel unit, enabling the tunable nanophotonic structure layer to perform differentiated scattering modulation on light from outside the vehicle to inside the vehicle. In the bidirectional occlusion mode, a driving signal is output to the controllable pixel unit to put the electric field response modulation layer in a high scattering state.

6. A control method for an asymmetric spectral selective privacy display system for vehicle windows as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, include: Based on the acquired environmental perception signals and vehicle status signals, calculate the privacy risk level of the vehicle in the current scenario; Based on the privacy risk level and / or the mode selection instruction input by the user, a target privacy mode and a corresponding optical state matrix are generated; the target privacy mode includes at least one of the following: transparent mode, semi-transparent privacy mode, venetian blind privacy mode, one-way privacy mode, and two-way occlusion mode; the optical state includes at least one of the following: transmittance, haze, scattering intensity, or imaging sharpness level. Based on the pre-defined mapping relationship between optical states and driving parameters, the optical state matrix is ​​converted into a driving parameter matrix that controls controllable pixel units; Based on the driving parameter matrix, and according to the preset refresh rate, the corresponding driving parameters are output to each controllable pixel unit of the transparent electrode array so that each pixel unit presents its own corresponding target optical state.

7. The control method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The target optical state matrix for generating the Venetian blind privacy mode includes: Obtain the shading strip parameters in the privacy mode of the blinds, and construct the strip coordinate system of the two-dimensional plane of the window based on the shading strip parameters; Map the position information of row and column electrodes in the transparent electrode array to the strip coordinate system; Based on the position of the controllable pixel unit in the strip coordinate system, determine whether the controllable pixel unit belongs to a high transmittance region, a low transmittance region, or a gradient transition region; When a controllable pixel unit belongs to a high transmittance region, a first target transmittance is assigned to that controllable pixel unit; When a controllable pixel unit belongs to a low transmittance region, a second target transmittance is assigned to that controllable pixel unit; When the controllable pixel unit belongs to the gradient transition region, a gradient transmittance between the first target transmittance and the second target transmittance is assigned to the controllable pixel unit. The first target transmittance is greater than the second target transmittance.

8. The control method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Based on the pre-defined mapping relationship between optical states and driving parameters, the optical state matrix is ​​converted into a driving parameter matrix for controlling controllable pixel units, including: Based on the pre-calibrated mapping relationship between optical states and driving parameters, the initial driving parameters for controlling controllable pixel units are defined in the optical state matrix. Based on the current temperature of the substrate glass layer, and combined with the preset calibrated temperature and optical response characteristic curves, the temperature compensation coefficient for compensating the temperature drift of the tunable nanophotonic structure layer and the electric field response modulation layer is obtained. The initial driving parameters of all controllable pixel units are corrected by iterating through them according to the temperature compensation coefficient, thereby obtaining the driving parameter matrix for controlling the controllable pixel units.

9. The control method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, After outputting the corresponding driving parameters to each controllable pixel unit of the transparent electrode array according to the driving parameter matrix and the preset refresh rate, the process also includes: The actual light intensity transmitted through the vehicle windows is collected by light sensors installed on the inside and / or outside of the vehicle. Based on the error between the actual transmitted light intensity and the target transmitted light intensity corresponding to the target optical state, the driving parameters output to the corresponding controllable pixel unit are adjusted until the error falls within the preset threshold range.

10. The control method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, After outputting the corresponding driving parameters to each controllable pixel unit of the transparent electrode array according to the driving parameter matrix and the preset refresh rate, the process also includes: Based on the received mode switching command, the first driving parameter matrix of the transparent electrode array before mode switching and the second driving parameter matrix after mode switching are obtained; Based on the difference between the corresponding elements in the first driving parameter matrix and the second driving parameter matrix, and combined with the preset gradient transition curve function, the gradient transition curve of each controllable pixel unit is constructed. Starting with the driving parameter values ​​in the first driving parameter matrix and ending with the driving parameter values ​​in the second driving parameter matrix, the driving parameters of each controllable pixel unit are gradually adjusted according to the gradual transition curve until the driving parameters of all controllable pixel units reach the corresponding values ​​in the second driving parameter matrix.

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