Dynamic migration control method and system for maximum opening zone

Abstract

This invention provides a dynamic migration control method and system for the maximum opening zone. In scenarios where multiple zones share an air header and a centralized blower supplies air, this invention maintains exactly one zone operating at its maximum opening, allowing its regulating valve to act as a pressure relief channel for the header, enabling the blower to output the minimum header pressure. The switching criterion uses cross-zone reverse deviation comparison: migration is triggered only when the current maximum opening zone shows a positive deviation and the candidate zone shows a negative reverse deviation, and the target zone is determined by priority ranking. A three-state self-healing mechanism with 0 / 1 / multiple maximum opening zones ensures that the system automatically converges to the unique maximum opening zone. A hold time lag and opening tolerance band are introduced to suppress malfunctions. This invention achieves energy-saving operation of the aeration system while ensuring the safety of dissolved oxygen in each zone.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dynamic migration control technology for the maximum opening zone, specifically, to a method and system for dynamic migration control of the maximum opening zone. More particularly, it relates to a method and system for dynamic migration control of the maximum opening zone in a multi-zone precision aeration system based on cross-zone reverse deviation comparison and priority ranking. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, common approximate techniques in multi-zone aeration control include: independent closed-loop control of DO in each zone, setting the main pipe pressure based on the DO of the most unfavorable zone, blower load distribution based on total oxygen demand, and a simple pressure relief scheme that keeps a specific zone constantly open. While these methods can meet the gas supply requirements to some extent, they still have significant shortcomings in addressing the core energy-saving issue of "how to ensure the safety of DO in each zone while minimizing the main pipe pressure."

[0003] While independent DO closed-loop systems in each zone can guarantee water quality, they do not coordinate the valve openings in each zone. The main pipe pressure is often pulled up by the most unfavorable zone, resulting in large throttling pressure loss. The pressure setting based on the most unfavorable zone lacks proactive management of the "pressure relief channel," making it difficult to maintain the optimal opening combination. The scheme of always keeping a certain zone open does not change with operating conditions, which can easily lead to long-term insufficient or excessive gas supply in the designated zone, and cannot handle situations such as maintenance, manual operation, or priority changes in that zone. Existing methods generally lack cross-zone deviation comparison and anti-shaking mechanisms for switching timing, which can easily lead to frequent or erroneous actions.

[0004] Therefore, while existing technologies can achieve automatic aeration and air supply, they typically cannot simultaneously solve the problems of "dynamically maintaining a single pressure relief channel to minimize main pipe pressure," "determining switching timing and targets based on cross-regional reverse deviation comparison," "self-healing in abnormal states," and "anti-shaking stability." This invention, through a combination of three-state self-healing maximum opening zone management, cross-regional deviation comparison criteria, priority selection, and hysteresis / tolerance bands, forms a dynamic migration control method suitable for multi-regional precise aeration energy-saving scenarios.

[0005] Patent application CN120510961A discloses a deep learning-based intelligent adaptive aeration control method and system, including: collecting influent flow rate, influent oxygen demand, and influent ammonia nitrogen value; dividing the influent into a set of aeration regions; extracting the aeration regions to obtain detection data; collecting the detection data to obtain a detection dataset; acquiring images to obtain initial aeration images; calculating measured mixing concentration and regional sedimentation values ​​to obtain a set of measured mixing concentrations and a set of regional sedimentation values; calculating a preliminary frequency; calculating an optimal frequency based on the preliminary frequency, the detection dataset, the set of measured mixing concentrations, and the set of regional sedimentation values; and completing intelligent adaptive aeration control based on the optimal frequency. However, this patent cannot completely solve the existing technical problems, nor can it meet the needs of this invention. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method and system for dynamic migration control of the maximum opening area.

[0007] The dynamic migration control method for the maximum opening area provided by the present invention includes: Data acquisition and preprocessing steps: Collect the current opening degree of the regulating valve in each area, the maximum opening degree setting in each area, the dissolved oxygen deviation in each area, the gas volume deviation in each area, the priority in each area, the automatic / manual status of the valve in each area, the cumulative running time of the maximum opening mode in each area, the global control mode word and the enable signal according to the control cycle; perform consistency verification on the input variables; perform legality check on the opening value; process the deviation signals into a moving average according to the preset observation window; and output the effective opening degree sequence, the maximum opening degree setting sequence, the statistical value of the dissolved oxygen deviation window, the statistical value of the gas volume deviation window, the priority sequence and the automatic status sequence for each area. Opening status determination steps: Determine whether the regulating valve has reached the maximum opening in each zone. When the current opening of the i-th zone is greater than or equal to the difference between the maximum opening and the opening tolerance zone, the opening status of that zone is determined to be 1, that is, the maximum opening has been reached; otherwise, it is 0. Decision steps for the number of maximum opening areas: Count the number of areas currently marked as maximum opening areas. When the number of maximum opening areas is 0, select one area from the candidate areas with a priority greater than 0 and in automatic mode as the maximum opening area. When the number of maximum opening areas is greater than 1, remove the maximum opening areas that do not meet the preset basic conditions. Among the remaining valid maximum opening areas, only the one with the smallest dissolved oxygen deviation is retained, and the rest are all returned to automatic mode. When the number of maximum opening areas is 1, check whether the area still meets the preset basic conditions. If it does not meet the conditions, it is returned to automatic mode. If it does meet the conditions, proceed to the switching condition comparison step. Hold-up delay steps: Record the time of the last handover. If the time interval since the last handover is greater than the hold-up time, a handover decision is allowed if the number of regions in the maximum open area is 1. Otherwise, maintain the status quo. Switching condition comparison steps: When there is a maximum opening area and the holding time has exceeded, the area that is in automatic mode, has a priority greater than 0 and has reached the maximum opening is defined as a candidate area. Cross-regional deviation comparison is performed on each candidate area to determine whether the deviation direction of the current maximum opening area is opposite to the deviation direction of the candidate area. Priority selection steps: When there are multiple qualified candidate areas, they are first sorted in descending order of priority. If they are of the same priority, they are then sorted in ascending order of dissolved oxygen deviation. The first ranked area is taken as the target migration area. Output execution steps: The area selected as the maximum opening zone outputs mode value 1, and the other areas output mode value 0. At the same time, the opening status of each zone is output. The downstream controller will maintain the regulating valve of the maximum opening zone at the maximum opening and the other zones will participate in the closed-loop regulation normally. Parameter tuning steps: Determine the opening tolerance band, dissolved oxygen deviation positive threshold, dissolved oxygen deviation negative threshold, gas volume deviation positive threshold, gas volume deviation negative threshold, observation window length, holding time, initialization method and switching method parameters.

[0008] Preferably, in the opening status determination step, the opening status OpeningStatus(i) of the i-th region is determined to be 1 if it satisfies the following formula, and 0 otherwise: valve(i) ≥ max(i) db_maxOpenings; Where valve(i) is the current opening degree of the regulating valve in the i-th region, max(i) is the maximum opening degree limit of the region, and db_maxOpenings is the opening degree tolerance zone.

[0009] Preferably, in the data acquisition and preprocessing steps, the dissolved oxygen deviation and gas volume deviation in each region are calculated using a moving average based on a preset observation window. eDO(i)=meantw[DO(i) DOSet(i)]; eF(i)=meantw[Flow(i) FlowSet(i)]; Where eDO(i) is the dissolved oxygen deviation in the i-th region, eF(i) is the air volume deviation in the i-th region, meantw[·] indicates that the variable in parentheses is taken as a moving average within an observation window of length tw, DO(i) is the dissolved oxygen measurement value, DOSet(i) is the dissolved oxygen setting value, Flow(i) is the air flow measurement value, and FlowSet(i) is the air flow setting value. The moving average requires that the number of valid samples in the window is not less than the minimum effective number N_min, where N_min = ceil(tw_OptMode_Num × η), η is the minimum effective percentage, ceil() is the floor function, and tw_OptMode_Num is the length of the observation window. If the number of valid data in the window is less than N_min, the deviation statistics of this area are deemed unreliable and will not be used for switching criteria.

[0010] Preferably, in the step of deciding the number of maximum opening areas: When the number of regions with the maximum opening size, num_mov, is 0, meaning there is no maximum opening size region, one region is selected from the candidate regions with a priority greater than 0 and in automatic mode and set as the maximum opening size region. The selection method is determined by the initialization method parameter InitialMethod: when the value is 0, the region with the smallest dissolved oxygen deviation is selected; when the value is 1, the region with the longest cumulative running time in the maximum opening size mode is selected. If there are no candidate regions, the entire automatic mode is maintained. When the number of regions with maximum opening num_mov > 1, i.e., there are multiple regions with maximum opening, first remove invalid regions that do not meet the priority greater than 0 and are in automatic mode from the set of regions with maximum opening M, and obtain the effective subset M′; when M′ is not empty, only the region with the smallest dissolved oxygen deviation is retained to maintain the maximum opening mode, and all others are returned to automatic mode; when M′ is empty, all regions are returned to automatic mode. The cumulative running time of the maximum opening mode refers to the cumulative time that the area has been continuously in this mode since it was last set as the maximum opening area. Once the area exits the maximum opening mode, the timer is reset to zero.

[0011] Preferably, in the switching condition comparison step, the candidate region set SC is generated by the following formula: SC={i|Opt_Mode(i)=0 and Priority(i)>0 and ValveAuto(i)=0 and OpeningStatus(i)=1}; Where Opt_Mode(i) is the maximum opening control mode flag for the i-th region, Priority(i) is the region priority, ValveAuto(i)=0 indicates that the regulating valve in this region is in automatic mode, and OpeningStatus(i) is the opening status of the i-th region; For each region i in the candidate set SC, construct dissolved oxygen criterion cond1 and gas volume criterion cond2 respectively: cond1: eDO(mov)>DOErrorThres_pos and eDO(i) <DOErrorThres_neg; cond2: eF(mov)>FlowErrorThres_pos and eF(i) <FlowErrorThres_neg; Where mov is the current maximum opening zone number, eDO(mov) is the dissolved oxygen deviation of the mov-th zone, eF(mov) is the gas volume deviation of the mov-th zone, DOErrorThres_pos and DOErrorThres_neg are the positive and negative thresholds of dissolved oxygen deviation, respectively, and FlowErrorThres_pos and FlowErrorThres_neg are the positive and negative thresholds of gas volume deviation, respectively.

[0012] Preferably, in the switching condition comparison step, the switching permission flag isSwitch is determined according to the switching method parameter SwitchMethod: When SwitchMethod=0, isSwitch=cond1 or cond2; When SwitchMethod=1, isSwitch=cond2; When SwitchMethod=2, isSwitch=cond1; Form a qualified set Q from all candidate regions where isSwitch is true; if Q is not empty, proceed to the priority selection step; if Q is empty, maintain the current maximum open region unchanged.

[0013] Preferably, in the priority selection step, when the qualified set Q is not empty, it is sorted in descending order by Priority(i), and when the priorities are the same, it is sorted in ascending order by eDO(i). The first region after sorting is taken as the migration target idx, and the following steps are performed: Opt_Mode(mov) ← 0; Opt_Mode(idx) ← 1; lastSwitchTime←now; Where mov is the current maximum opening zone number, Opt_Mode(mov) is the maximum opening control mode flag for the mov zone, Opt_Mode(idx) is the maximum opening control mode flag for the idx zone, idx is the migration target zone number, lastSwitchTime is the time when the last switch occurred, and now is the current time.

[0014] Preferably, in the output execution step, the dynamic adjustment method of the blower main pipe pressure setpoint is as follows: the maximum value of the pressure required for dissolved oxygen or gas volume closed loop in each non-maximum opening zone is used as the demand benchmark P_demand, and the pressure relief margin ΔP that dynamically decreases with the opening margin in the maximum opening zone is superimposed, and the main pipe pressure setpoint P_set = P_demand ΔP; When the maximum opening zone switches, P_set is kept at the value of the previous cycle within the transition window, and pressure increase rate limit and pressure decrease rate limit are applied; if the main pipe pressure exceeds the limit or the dissolved oxygen deviation in other zones exceeds the tolerance zone during the transition period, P_set is temporarily increased and the holding time is shortened.

[0015] The maximum opening zone dynamic migration control system provided by the present invention includes: The data acquisition and preprocessing module is used to acquire the current opening degree of the regulating valve in each zone, the maximum opening degree setting of each zone, the dissolved oxygen deviation of each zone, the gas volume deviation of each zone, the priority of each zone, the automatic / manual status of the valve in each zone, the cumulative running time of the maximum opening mode in each zone, the global control mode word and the enable signal according to the control cycle. It performs consistency verification on the input variables, legality checks on the opening value, and performs sliding average processing on the deviation signals according to the preset observation window. It outputs the effective opening degree sequence, the maximum opening degree setting sequence, the statistical value of the dissolved oxygen deviation window, the statistical value of the gas volume deviation window, the priority sequence and the automatic status sequence of each zone. The effective opening degree sequence and the maximum opening degree setting sequence of each zone output by this module are passed to the opening status determination module. The statistical values ​​of the dissolved oxygen deviation and the gas volume deviation window are passed to the maximum opening zone quantity decision module, the switching condition comparison module and the priority selection module. The priority sequence and the automatic status sequence are simultaneously available for use by the maximum opening zone quantity decision module, the switching condition comparison module and the priority selection module. The opening status determination module is used to determine whether the control valve has reached the maximum opening in each zone. When the current opening value (valve(i)) of the i-th zone is greater than or equal to the maximum opening value (max(i)) minus the opening tolerance band (db_maxOpenings), the opening status is determined to be 1, i.e., the maximum opening value has been reached; otherwise, it is 0. This module takes the effective opening value sequence and the maximum opening value setting sequence of each zone output by the data acquisition and preprocessing module as input, and the output opening status sequence of each zone is passed to the maximum opening zone quantity decision module, the switching condition comparison module, and the output execution module, respectively. The maximum opening area quantity decision module is used to count the number of areas currently marked as maximum opening areas (num_mov) and handle them in three cases: when num_mov=0, select one from the candidate areas with priority greater than 0 and in automatic state as the maximum opening area; when num_mov>1, remove the maximum opening areas that do not meet the basic conditions, and retain only the one with the smallest dissolved oxygen deviation among the remaining valid maximum opening areas, and return all others to automatic state; when num_mov=1, check whether the area still meets the basic conditions. If it does not meet the conditions, it returns to automatic state. If it does meet the conditions, it requests the time interval since the last switch from the hold time delay module to check. After the check passes, the current maximum opening area number and the status of each area are transferred to the switch condition comparison module. The hold-time hysteresis module is used to record the time of the last handover. It allows handover judgment to be performed when num_mov=1 only if the time interval since the last handover is greater than the hold-time DU_OptMode. This module provides an allow signal to the maximum opening area number decision module for the case of exactly one maximum opening area, indicating whether the hold-time has expired. At the same time, it receives forced adjustment feedback from the maximum opening area number decision module for the case of no maximum opening area and the case of multiple maximum opening areas, as well as successful handover feedback from the priority selection module, in order to refresh the last handover time. The switching condition comparison module is used to define the regions that are in automatic mode, have a priority greater than 0, and have reached the maximum opening as candidate regions when there is a maximum opening region and the holding time has exceeded. It performs cross-regional deviation comparison on each candidate region to determine whether the deviation direction of the current maximum opening region is opposite to the deviation direction of the candidate region, and outputs a set of qualified candidate regions to the priority selection module. The input of this module comes from the current maximum opening region number transferred by the maximum opening region quantity decision module, the opening status of each region output by the opening status judgment module, and the deviation window statistics and priority and automatic status sequence output by the data acquisition and preprocessing module. The priority selection module is used to sort multiple qualified candidate areas in descending order of priority, and then sort them in ascending order of dissolved oxygen deviation when they have the same priority. The first ranked area is taken as the migration target area, and a unique target area index is output to the output execution module. At the same time, the switching success signal is fed back to the hold time delay module. The output execution module is used to output mode value 1 for the selected area as the maximum opening area and output mode value 0 for the other areas, while also outputting the opening status of each area. This module collects the direct results of the maximum opening area quantity decision module in the case of no maximum opening area and the case of multiple maximum opening areas, as well as the migration target index of the priority selection module, and writes them back together with the opening status of each area output by the opening status determination module. It is the output outlet of the entire control closed loop. The parameter tuning module is used to determine the parameters of opening tolerance band, positive threshold of dissolved oxygen deviation, negative threshold of dissolved oxygen deviation, positive threshold of gas volume deviation, negative threshold of gas volume deviation, observation window length, holding time, initialization method and switching method, and sends each parameter to the corresponding module.

[0016] Preferably, when the data acquisition and preprocessing module performs a validity check on the opening value, if the opening value is detected to be outside the range of [0,100] or is a non-finite value, it is determined to be an abnormal value and removed. This area will not participate in the decision-making related to the maximum opening area in this round, and the valid opening value of the previous cycle will be used or marked as invalid and an alarm will be issued. The data will be re-included after it returns to normal. The parameter tuning module determines each threshold as follows: based on the flow characteristic curve of the regulating valve and the pressure-flow curve of the blower, the pressure relief capacity of the valve when it is in the preset opening range is converted into the tolerable dissolved oxygen deviation band and gas volume deviation band to form initial values; then, it is corrected according to the average switching frequency within the statistical window. The correction rule is as follows: let the average switching frequency be Freq. If Freq is greater than the preset upper limit, the positive threshold of dissolved oxygen deviation, the negative threshold of dissolved oxygen deviation, the positive threshold of gas volume deviation, and the negative threshold of gas volume deviation are relaxed proportionally by the step size factor; if Freq is less than the preset lower limit and there is a region where the dissolved oxygen deviation cannot converge for a long time, it is tightened proportionally by the step size factor; the holding time is adjusted in the opposite direction with the frequency, all correction values ​​are clamped within the allowable tuning range, and the single correction amplitude is set with an upper limit.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) By always maintaining "exactly one maximum opening zone" as the main pipe pressure relief channel, this invention solves the problem that in multi-region parallel aeration, the regulating valves are generally in the medium and low opening, the main pipe pressure is raised in order to ensure the air supply of the most unfavorable zone, resulting in a large amount of throttling pressure loss and blower power consumption. It achieves the effect of making the blower output the lowest main pipe pressure and reducing energy consumption while meeting the air supply of all regions. (2) By adopting the switching criterion of "cross-regional reverse deviation comparison" (positive deviation in the current region and negative deviation in the candidate region), this invention solves the problem that the traditional method judges based on the instantaneous gas supply demand of a single region and is prone to incorrect switching when the demand in each region fluctuates in the same direction. It achieves the effect of switching only when there is a real benefit from migration and significantly reducing ineffective actions. (3) This invention solves the abnormal problem of no maximum opening area or multiple maximum opening areas in scenarios such as system cold start, manual / automatic switching, and regional maintenance commissioning and decommissioning by using a three-state self-healing mechanism of "0 / 1 / multiple maximum opening areas". It achieves the effect of automatically converging to a unique maximum opening area in any state and enhancing robustness. (4) By introducing a holding time hysteresis and an opening tolerance band, this invention solves the problem of opening state reversal and frequent switching of the maximum opening area caused by deviation fluctuations near the threshold, thereby achieving the effects of suppressing oscillations, extending the life of the actuator, and ensuring stable operation. (5) This invention solves the problem that it is difficult to balance process importance and energy saving benefits, and the difficulty in unifying the criteria due to differences in the configuration of different field instruments, by using the dual selection of priority and deviation, and the configurable switching mode (DO / gas volume / combination). It achieves the effect of balancing water quality safety (DO constraints in each zone) and energy saving, and can be flexibly adjusted on site. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 The flowchart shows the dynamic migration control method for the maximum opening area. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] Example This invention provides a dynamic migration control system for the maximum opening zone in a multi-zone precision aeration system based on cross-zone reverse deviation comparison and priority ranking. The system includes a data acquisition and preprocessing module, an opening state determination module, a maximum opening zone quantity decision module, a switching condition comparison module, a priority selection module, a hold-time hysteresis module, an output execution module, and a parameter tuning module. Data from each module is continuously accessed in successive steps, forming a periodic closed-loop control. The overall data flow of each module is: data acquisition and preprocessing module → opening state determination module → maximum opening zone quantity decision module; scenario C, after verification by the hold-time hysteresis module, enters the switching condition comparison module → priority selection module; finally, the direct results of scenarios A / B and the migration target result of scenario C are both fed back into the output execution module; the parameter tuning module sends tuning parameters to the above modules.

[0021] The data acquisition and preprocessing module is used to acquire the current opening degree of the regulating valves in each zone, the maximum opening degree setting of each zone, the DO deviation of each zone, the gas volume deviation of each zone, the priority of each zone, the automatic / manual status of the valves in each zone, the cumulative running time of the maximum opening mode in each zone, and the global control mode word (ST) and enable signal (EN) according to the control cycle. This module performs consistency verification on the number of variables bound to each input (the number must be consistent in each zone), performs a validity check on the opening value (limited to the range [0,100]), and performs sliding average processing on the deviation signals according to the preset observation window. It outputs the effective opening degree sequence, maximum opening degree setting sequence, DO deviation window statistics, gas volume deviation window statistics, priority sequence, and automatic status sequence of each zone for subsequent modules to call.

[0022] Regarding the handling of insufficient valid data in the deviation window statistics: The moving average requires that the number of valid samples in the window is not less than the minimum valid number N_min (which can be taken as N_min=ceil(tw_OptMode_Num×η), where η is the minimum valid proportion and tw_OptMode_Num is the observation window length, typically 0.5), and ceil() is the rounding function; if the number of valid data in the window is less than N_min, the deviation statistics of this area in this round are determined to be unreliable and will not be used for switching criteria (i.e., will not enter the candidate area set) until the valid data is recovered, so as to avoid misjudgment based on insufficient samples.

[0023] Regarding the handling of anomalies in the validity check of opening values: When an opening value is detected to be outside the range of [0,100] or is a non-finite value (such as NaN caused by timeout / communication interruption), it is judged as an anomaly and removed. This area will not participate in the decision-making related to the maximum opening area in this round, and the valid opening value of the previous cycle will be used or marked as invalid, and an alarm will be issued at the same time; it will only be re-included after the data recovers to normal.

[0024] Specifically, the effective opening sequence and maximum opening setting sequence of each zone output by this module are passed to the opening status determination module; the statistical values ​​of DO deviation and gas volume deviation windows are passed to the maximum opening zone quantity decision module, the switching condition comparison module, and the priority selection module; the priority sequence and the automatic status sequence are simultaneously available for use by the maximum opening zone quantity decision module, the switching condition comparison module, and the priority selection module.

[0025] The opening status determination module is used to determine whether the control valve has reached its maximum opening in each zone. For zone i, if its current opening valve(i) ≥ maximum opening max(i) minus the opening tolerance band db_maxOpenings, its opening status is determined to be 1 (maximum opening reached); otherwise, it is 0. This module introduces an opening tolerance band as a buffer to avoid frequent state flips caused by opening fluctuations near the maximum opening. It outputs the opening status of each zone for use by the quantity decision module and the switching condition comparison module. In manual switching mode, the result of this module is directly used as the output. That is, this module takes the effective opening sequence of each zone and the maximum opening setting sequence output by the data acquisition and preprocessing module as input, and outputs the opening status sequence of each zone to: the maximum opening zone quantity decision module (for situation determination), the switching condition comparison module (for candidate zone screening), and the output execution module (written back along with the mode value).

[0026] Maximum Opening Region Quantity Decision Module (Three-State Self-Healing): This module counts the number of regions currently marked as maximum opening regions (mode value 1), num_mov, and handles them in three ways to maintain the system invariant that there is "one and only one maximum opening region": Scenario A (num_mov=0, no maximum opening area): Select one of the candidate areas with "priority greater than 0 and in automatic mode" as the maximum opening area. The selection method is determined by the initialization mode parameter: when the value is 0, select the one with the smallest DO deviation (most strained gas supply); when the value is 1, select the one with the longest cumulative running time in maximum opening mode. Here, "cumulative running time in maximum opening mode" refers to the cumulative time that the area has been continuously in this mode since it was last set as the maximum opening area (mode value set to 1), not the total running time after the system is powered on. Once the area exits the maximum opening mode, the timer is reset to zero, and the accumulation starts again when it becomes the maximum opening area again. Using this method can prioritize areas that have been stably in maximum opening for a longer period of time, reducing jitter caused by unclear timing. If there are no candidate areas, all remain in automatic mode. This scenario is not subject to hold time constraints and is used for rapid establishment after system cold start or anomaly. The initial maximum opening area result determined in Scenario A is directly passed to the output execution module for writing back without going through the switching condition comparison module.

[0027] Case B (num_mov>1, multiple maximum opening regions exist): First, eliminate the maximum opening regions that do not meet the basic conditions (priority is 0 or not automatic) and revert them to automatic. Then, among the remaining valid maximum opening regions, retain only the one with the smallest DO deviation, and revert the rest to automatic, thereby eliminating the anomaly of multiple maximum opening regions. The deduplication result of Case B is also directly passed to the output execution module for writing back.

[0028] Scenario C (num_mov=1, exactly one maximum opening zone): First, check if the zone still meets the basic conditions (priority not 0 and in automatic mode). If not, revert to automatic mode and end the current cycle. If it meets the conditions, proceed to the switching condition comparison module to determine if a switch is needed. This result is provided to the switching condition comparison module. Before entering the switching judgment, Scenario C needs to request a check of the time interval since the last switch from the hold time hysteresis module. Only after the check passes will the current maximum opening zone number, along with the status of each zone, be transferred to the switching condition comparison module.

[0029] The switching condition comparison module (cross-region deviation comparison) is used to determine whether the maximum opening region should be migrated from the current region to a candidate region when a maximum opening region exists and its holding time has expired. A candidate region is defined as a region that is "in automatic mode, has a priority greater than 0, and has reached its maximum opening." For each candidate region, the following cross-region deviation comparison criteria are used: Condition 1 (DO Criterion): The positive DO deviation of the current maximum opening zone exceeds the positive threshold DOErrorThres_pos, and the negative DO deviation of the candidate zone exceeds the negative threshold DOErrorThres_neg. This means that the current maximum opening zone is already at its maximum and the DO is still high (positive deviation, sufficient gas supply), while the candidate zone valve, although at its maximum opening, still has a low DO (negative deviation, insufficient gas supply). These two conditions are opposite, thus providing migration benefits. The DO deviation thresholds DOErrorThres_pos / neg are provided by the parameter tuning module: typical values ​​are positive threshold DOErrorThres_pos ∈ [0.1, 0.5] mg / L (recommended initial value 0.25 mg / L), and negative threshold DOErrorThres_neg ∈ [-0.5, -0.1] mg / L (recommended initial value -0.2 mg / L). These two thresholds are asymmetrically set around the DO setting value, with the positive threshold taking a smaller value and the negative threshold taking a larger absolute value, to ensure that migration is triggered only when there is a significant reverse deviation. The actual value is set based on the accuracy of the field DO instrument, the steady-state fluctuation amplitude of the control loop, and the allowable deviation tolerance.

[0030] Condition 2 (Gas Volume Criterion): The positive deviation of the current maximum opening zone exceeds the positive threshold FlowErrorThres_pos, and the negative deviation of the candidate zone exceeds the negative threshold FlowErrorThres_neg. In non-pure gas volume mode, additional DO verification conditions are required (the current zone's positive DO deviation exceeds the threshold or the candidate zone's negative DO deviation exceeds the threshold) to avoid incorrect switching based solely on gas volume fluctuations. The determination of the gas volume deviation thresholds FlowErrorThres_pos / neg is similar to that of the DO thresholds: the typical value range is positive threshold FlowErrorThres_pos ∈ [5%, 15%] (relative to the rated gas volume, recommended initial value 10%), negative threshold FlowErrorThres_neg ∈ [-15%, -5%] (recommended initial value -10%). The specific values ​​are determined based on the accuracy of the on-site air flow meter, the blower's PQ characteristics, and the steady-state gas volume fluctuation amplitude of the control loop, and are consistent with the DO thresholds, being either too tight or too loose.

[0031] This module configures the criterion combination through the SwitchMethod parameter: a value of 0 uses "condition 1 or condition 2" (combined criterion); a value of 1 uses only condition 2 (pure gas volume criterion, with DO supporting constraints removed); and a value of 2 uses only condition 1 (pure DO criterion). Only when the selected criterion is met is the candidate region listed as a qualified candidate and handed over to the priority selection module for processing. This cross-regional reverse deviation comparison is the key difference between this invention and "single-region on-demand gas increase," and can effectively suppress malfunctions.

[0032] The input to this module comes from three sources: the current maximum opening zone number transferred by the maximum opening zone quantity decision module, the opening status of each zone output by the opening status judgment module, and the deviation window statistics and priority / automatic status sequence output by the data acquisition and preprocessing module; the output of this module is a set of qualified candidate zones, which is passed to the priority selection module.

[0033] Priority Selection Module: Used to determine a unique migration target when multiple qualified candidate areas exist. The sorting rule is as follows: first, sort by priority in descending order (higher process importance takes precedence); then, if priorities are the same, sort by DO deviation in ascending order (i.e., the area with the largest negative DO deviation and the most strained / insufficient gas supply takes precedence), and the first-ranked area is taken as the target area. This module combines "process importance" with "energy-saving benefits," outputting a unique target area index for the output execution module to use. Specifically, this module takes the set of qualified candidate areas output by the switching condition comparison module as input, and the output unique target area index, along with the original maximum opening area number, is passed to the output execution module to perform the migration. Simultaneously, a successful switching signal is fed back to the hold-time hysteresis module to refresh the last switching time.

[0034] The hold-time hysteresis module is used to suppress frequent switching of the maximum opening zone between adjacent cycles. The system records the time of the last switch, and only allows switching judgment in case C if the time interval since the last switch is greater than the hold time DU_OptMode; during the hold time, only the opening state is updated without switching. Forced adjustment triggered by tri-state self-healing (cases A / B) and the refresh of this time for each successful switch achieve a balance between stability and responsiveness. This module interacts bidirectionally with other modules: it provides a "hold time has elapsed" permission signal to the maximum opening zone quantity decision module in case C; simultaneously, it receives switching event signals from the quantity decision module (forced adjustment in cases A / B) and the priority selection module (successful switch) to refresh the last switch time.

[0035] Output Execution Module: Used to write the above decisions back to each zone. It outputs a mode value of 1 for the zone selected as the maximum opening zone and a mode value of 0 for the remaining zones; it also continuously outputs the opening status of each zone. The downstream controller accordingly maintains the regulating valve in the maximum opening zone at its maximum opening, while the remaining zones participate normally in the DO / volume closed-loop regulation. The blower pressure control loop adjusts the pressure to the minimum allowable main pipe pressure based on the condition of "exactly one pressure relief channel," achieving energy savings. The dynamic adjustment algorithm for the blower main pipe pressure setpoint is as follows: the maximum pressure required for the DO / volume closed loop in each non-maximum opening zone is used as the demand benchmark P_demand, superimposed with the pressure relief margin ΔP dynamically adjusted with the opening margin of the maximum opening zone; the higher the opening of the maximum opening zone (closer to 100%), the stronger its pressure relief capacity, and the smaller ΔP can be. The main pipe pressure setpoint P_set = P_demand - ΔP adjusts to the minimum value that satisfies the gas supply of all zones. When the maximum opening zone switches (original zone reverts, new zone is established), P_set is maintained at the value of the previous cycle within the transition window (several control cycles), and a pressure increase / decrease rate limit is applied to ensure a smooth transition and prevent sudden changes in the main pipe pressure from causing DO fluctuations in other zones. If the main pipe pressure exceeds the limit or the DO deviation in other zones exceeds the tolerance band during the transition period, P_set is temporarily increased and the holding time DU_OptMode is shortened to accelerate rebalancing. This module gathers two inputs—the direct results of the maximum opening zone quantity decision module (cases A / B) and the migration target index of the priority selection module—and writes back the opening status of each zone along with the output of the opening status determination module. It is the only output outlet of the entire control closed loop. The write-back results are re-acquired by the data acquisition and preprocessing module in the next control cycle, forming a periodic closed loop.

[0036] Parameter tuning module: Used to determine parameters such as opening tolerance band db_maxOpenings, DO deviation positive / negative threshold DOErrorThres_pos / neg, gas volume deviation positive / negative threshold FlowErrorThres_pos / neg, observation window length tw_OptMode_Num, hold time DU_OptMode, initialization method InitialMethod and switching method SwitchMethod through historical data analysis, offline simulation or field small-amplitude disturbance test.

[0037] In one embodiment, the threshold value and the initial value of holding time can be given according to the on-site valve characteristics and the blower pressure-flow curve firstly. The method for determining the threshold value is as follows: based on the flow characteristic curve (equal percentage / linear) of the regulating valve and the blower pressure-flow (P-Q) curve, the "pressure relief capacity when the valve is in the opening range of [95%, 100%]" is converted into a tolerable DO / gas volume deviation band. For an equal percentage valve, the change rate of flow capacity ΔC / C corresponding to the relative opening from 95% to 100% is taken as the deviation threshold conversion coefficient; for a linear valve, the ratio of the absolute flow change corresponding to this range to the rated flow is taken as the coefficient. Based on experience, an initial estimation can be made according to the nominal diameter of the valve and working conditions: a smaller coefficient is adopted when the diameter is not greater than DN80, and a larger coefficient is adopted when the diameter is not less than DN150, so as to form an initial value table. Then, the initial value is finely adjusted by ±20% through a on-site small disturbance test (changing the target area in a step manner and observing the DO / gas volume recovery process in other areas). Then correction is performed according to the switching frequency and DO fluctuation.

[0038] Specifically, the correction rule is: let the average switching frequency within the statistical window be Freq, and the upper limit FreqMax and the lower limit FreqMin are preset; if Freq>FreqMax, it indicates that the threshold value is too tight, resulting in excessive frequent switching, so DOErrorThres_pos / neg and FlowErrorThres_pos / neg are proportionally relaxed by the step factor α (e.g., 1.1); if Freq<FreqMin and the regional DO deviation cannot converge for a long time, it indicates that the threshold value is too loose, so the threshold value is proportionally tightened by the step factor β (e.g., 0.9); the holding time DU_OptMode is adjusted inversely with the frequency (increase when the frequency is high, decrease when the frequency is low). All correction values are clamped within the allowable setting range [min, max], and an upper limit is set for the single correction amplitude. The correction process is recorded in the operation log for traceability.

[0039] Each parameter adjusted by this module is issued to the corresponding modules respectively: the opening tolerance band db_maxOpenings is issued to the opening state determination module; the observation window length tw_OptMode_Num is issued to the data acquisition and preprocessing module; the initialization mode InitialMethod is issued to the maximum opening area number decision-making module; the DO / gas volume deviation threshold and the switching mode SwitchMethod are issued to the switching condition comparison module; the holding time DU_OptMode is issued to the holding time hysteresis module.

[0040] Let i represent the area number (i=1,2,…,N), mov represent the number of the current maximum opening area, and N represent the total number of areas, then: Opening state determination: In each control cycle, the system collects and preprocesses data such as the valve opening degree (valve(i), maximum opening limit (max(i), dissolved oxygen measurement value DO(i) and its setpoint DOSet(i), air flow measurement value Flow(i) and its setpoint FlowSet(i), zone priority (Priority(i), and valve manual / automatic status ValveAuto(i)) for each zone. When the valve opening degree of a certain zone satisfies the following formula, the zone is determined to be in the maximum opening state, and OpeningStatus(i) = 1; otherwise, OpeningStatus(i) = 0: valve(i) ≥ max(i) db_maxOpenings; Where valve(i) is the current opening degree of the regulating valve in the i-th region, max(i) is the upper limit of the maximum opening degree in this region, and db_maxOpenings is the opening tolerance band, which is used to reserve margin when determining whether the "maximum opening degree" has been reached, so as to avoid the judgment jitter caused by the opening degree fluctuating near the upper limit.

[0041] Deviation calculation: Dissolved oxygen and gas volume deviations in each region are calculated using a moving average based on a preset observation window. eDO(i)=meantw[DO(i) DOSet(i)]; eF(i)=meantw[Flow(i) FlowSet(i)]; Where eDO(i) is the dissolved oxygen deviation in the i-th region, eF(i) is the gas volume deviation in the i-th region, and meantw[·] represents the moving average of the variables within the brackets within an observation window of length tw, used to suppress misjudgments caused by measurement noise and instantaneous disturbances.

[0042] Statistics on the set of maximum openness regions: Calculate the set M of regions currently in maximum opening control mode and their number num_mov: M = {i | Opt_Mode(i) = 1}; num_mov=|M|; Wherein, Opt_Mode(i) is the maximum opening control mode flag for the i-th region. Opt_Mode(i)=1 indicates that the region is in the maximum opening zone, and Opt_Mode(i)=0 indicates that the region is in the normal automatic adjustment mode. Based on the value of num_mov, the system enters one of three processing branches: Case A, Case B, or Case C.

[0043] Case A (num_mov=0, establishing the initial maximum opening region): When no maximum opening zone exists in the system, select a zone from the valid zones that satisfy Priority(i) > 0 and ValveAuto(i) = 0 as the initial maximum opening zone. When InitialMethod = 0, select the zone with the smallest dissolved oxygen deviation eDO(i) (i.e., the most strained / insufficient gas supply); when InitialMethod = 1, select the zone with the longest running time. After selecting the target zone idx, set: Opt_Mode(idx) = 1; Among them, InitialMethod is the initial selection method configuration parameter, and ValveAuto(i)=0 indicates that the control valve in this area is in automatic mode.

[0044] Case B (num_mov>1, redundancy elimination in multiple maximum open regions): When multiple maximum openness regions exist simultaneously, invalid regions that do not satisfy Priority(i)>0 and ValveAuto(i)=0 are first removed from set M, resulting in a valid subset M′. When M′ is not empty, only the region with the smallest dissolved oxygen deviation eDO(i) is retained to maintain the maximum openness mode, while all other regions revert to normal automatic adjustment. When M′ is empty, all regions revert to normal automatic adjustment and wait for the next cycle to be re-established according to case A. This mechanism ensures that the system can automatically converge to the target state of "one and only one maximum openness region" under any initial or abnormal state.

[0045] Case C (num_mov=1, hold time check and switch judgment): When a maximum opening region exists in the system, first check if the region still meets the eligibility criteria of Priority ≠ 0 and ValveAuto = 0. If not, revert to normal automatic adjustment. If it does meet the criteria, calculate the duration since the last migration action. durDT=now lastSwitchTime; The handover decision is only made if durDT ≥ DU_OptMode; otherwise, the current state is maintained. Here, durDT is the duration of the current maximum opening mode, DU_OptMode is the hold time parameter used to create handover hysteresis and suppress frequent migrations, lastSwitchTime is the time when the last handover occurred, and now is the current time.

[0046] Candidate region filtering: After the retention time condition is met, the candidate region set SC is generated according to the following formula: SC={i|Opt_Mode(i)=0 and Priority(i)>0 and ValveAuto(i)=0 and OpeningStatus(i)=1}; That is, the candidate area must be a normal control area that is in automatic mode, has a valid priority, and whose control valve has actually reached its maximum opening.

[0047] Cross-regional reverse deviation criterion: For each region i in the candidate set SC, construct dissolved oxygen criterion cond1 and gas volume criterion cond2 respectively: cond1: eDO(mov)>DOErrorThres_pos and eDO(i) <DOErrorThres_neg; cond2: eF(mov)>FlowErrorThres_pos and eF(i) <FlowErrorThres_neg; Wherein, DOErrorThres_pos and DOErrorThres_neg are the positive and negative thresholds for dissolved oxygen deviation, respectively, and FlowErrorThres_pos and FlowErrorThres_neg are the positive and negative thresholds for gas flow deviation, respectively. The condition cond1 being true indicates that the dissolved oxygen in the current maximum opening zone has a positive deviation (the valve is fully open and there is still sufficient gas supply), while the dissolved oxygen in the candidate zone has a negative deviation (insufficient gas supply). The meaning of cond2 is similar. This invention does not use the instantaneous demand of a single region as the basis for migration; migration is only triggered when the deviation directions of two regions are opposite, in order to avoid malfunctions.

[0048] Criterion combination: The switch enable flag isSwitch is determined by the SwitchMethod configuration parameter: When SwitchMethod=0, isSwitch=cond1 or cond2; When SwitchMethod=1, isSwitch=cond2; When SwitchMethod=2, isSwitch=cond1; Among them, SwitchMethod is a switching criterion configuration parameter, which can select a combination criterion, pure gas volume criterion, or pure dissolved oxygen criterion according to the configuration of the field instruments.

[0049] Prioritization and migration execution: Form a qualified set Q from all candidate regions where isSwitch is true. When Q is not empty, first sort them in descending order by Priority(i), then sort them in ascending order by eDO(i) if they have the same priority. Take the first region in the sorted set as the migration target idx and execute the following: Opt_Mode(mov) ← 0; Opt_Mode(idx) ← 1; lastSwitchTime←now; That is, the original maximum opening area reverts to normal automatic adjustment, the target area is upgraded to the new maximum opening area, and the migration time is refreshed, completing the dynamic migration of the maximum opening area from the original area to the target area. When Q is empty, the current maximum opening area remains unchanged, waiting for the next control cycle to reassess. Here, Priority(i) is the area priority, reflecting the process importance weight of the area; the sorting rule combines process importance with energy-saving benefits (negative deviation magnitude) to achieve dual optimization.

[0050] In this invention, the term "region" is used to refer to a section of corridor or a branch air pipe controlled by an independent regulating valve in a parallel aeration system; "maximum opening zone (MOV zone)" is used to refer to a region designated to operate at maximum opening and act as a pressure relief channel for the main pipe; "opening status" is used to indicate whether the regulating valve in a certain zone has reached (approached) the 0 / 1 mark of maximum opening; "DO deviation" is used to refer to the difference between the dissolved oxygen measurement value and its set value in the region, and "air volume deviation" is used to refer to the difference between the air flow measurement value and its set value in the region; "priority" is used to refer to the process importance weight of the region; "holding time" is used to refer to the hysteresis time after a switch that prohibits switching again; and "opening tolerance band" is used to refer to the margin reserved when judging "whether the maximum opening has been reached".

[0051] like Figure 1 The present invention also provides a method for dynamic migration control of the maximum opening area, comprising: Data acquisition and preprocessing steps: Collect the current opening degree of the regulating valve in each area, the maximum opening degree setting in each area, the dissolved oxygen deviation in each area, the gas volume deviation in each area, the priority in each area, the automatic / manual status of the valve in each area, the cumulative running time of the maximum opening mode in each area, the global control mode word and the enable signal according to the control cycle; perform consistency verification on the input variables; perform legality check on the opening value; process the deviation signals into a moving average according to the preset observation window; and output the effective opening degree sequence, the maximum opening degree setting sequence, the statistical value of the dissolved oxygen deviation window, the statistical value of the gas volume deviation window, the priority sequence and the automatic status sequence for each area. Opening status determination steps: Determine whether the regulating valve has reached the maximum opening in each zone. When the current opening of the i-th zone is greater than or equal to the difference between the maximum opening and the opening tolerance zone, the opening status of that zone is determined to be 1, that is, the maximum opening has been reached; otherwise, it is 0. Decision steps for the number of maximum opening areas: Count the number of areas currently marked as maximum opening areas. When the number of maximum opening areas is 0, select one area from the candidate areas with a priority greater than 0 and in automatic mode as the maximum opening area. When the number of maximum opening areas is greater than 1, remove the maximum opening areas that do not meet the preset basic conditions. Among the remaining valid maximum opening areas, only the one with the smallest dissolved oxygen deviation is retained, and the rest are all returned to automatic mode. When the number of maximum opening areas is 1, check whether the area still meets the preset basic conditions. If it does not meet the conditions, it is returned to automatic mode. If it does meet the conditions, proceed to the switching condition comparison step. Hold-up delay steps: Record the time of the last handover. If the time interval since the last handover is greater than the hold-up time, a handover decision is allowed if the number of regions in the maximum open area is 1. Otherwise, maintain the status quo. Switching condition comparison steps: When there is a maximum opening area and the holding time has exceeded, the area that is in automatic mode, has a priority greater than 0 and has reached the maximum opening is defined as a candidate area. Cross-regional deviation comparison is performed on each candidate area to determine whether the deviation direction of the current maximum opening area is opposite to the deviation direction of the candidate area. Priority selection steps: When there are multiple qualified candidate areas, they are first sorted in descending order of priority. If they are of the same priority, they are then sorted in ascending order of dissolved oxygen deviation. The first ranked area is taken as the target migration area. Output execution steps: The area selected as the maximum opening zone outputs mode value 1, and the other areas output mode value 0. At the same time, the opening status of each zone is output. The downstream controller will maintain the regulating valve of the maximum opening zone at the maximum opening and the other zones will participate in the closed-loop regulation normally. Parameter tuning steps: Determine the opening tolerance band, dissolved oxygen deviation positive threshold, dissolved oxygen deviation negative threshold, gas volume deviation positive threshold, gas volume deviation negative threshold, observation window length, holding time, initialization method and switching method parameters.

[0052] Those skilled in the art will understand that, in addition to implementing the system, apparatus, and their modules provided by this invention in purely computer-readable program code, the same program can be implemented in the form of logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, and embedded microcontrollers by logically programming the method steps. Therefore, the system, apparatus, and their modules provided by this invention can be considered a hardware component, and the modules included therein for implementing various programs can also be considered structures within the hardware component; alternatively, modules for implementing various functions can be considered both software programs implementing the method and structures within the hardware component.

[0053] Specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

Claims

1. A method for dynamic migration control of the maximum opening region, characterized in that, include: Data acquisition and preprocessing steps: Collect the current opening degree of the regulating valve in each area, the maximum opening degree setting in each area, the dissolved oxygen deviation in each area, the gas volume deviation in each area, the priority in each area, the automatic / manual status of the valve in each area, the cumulative running time of the maximum opening mode in each area, the global control mode word and the enable signal according to the control cycle; perform consistency verification on the input variables; perform legality check on the opening value; process the deviation signals into a moving average according to the preset observation window; and output the effective opening degree sequence, the maximum opening degree setting sequence, the statistical value of the dissolved oxygen deviation window, the statistical value of the gas volume deviation window, the priority sequence and the automatic status sequence for each area. Opening status determination steps: Determine whether the regulating valve has reached the maximum opening in each zone. When the current opening of the i-th zone is greater than or equal to the difference between the maximum opening and the opening tolerance zone, the opening status of that zone is determined to be 1, that is, the maximum opening has been reached; otherwise, it is 0. Decision steps for the number of maximum opening areas: Count the number of areas currently marked as maximum opening areas. When the number of maximum opening areas is 0, select one area from the candidate areas with a priority greater than 0 and in automatic mode as the maximum opening area. When the number of maximum opening areas is greater than 1, remove the maximum opening areas that do not meet the preset basic conditions. Among the remaining valid maximum opening areas, only the one with the smallest dissolved oxygen deviation is retained, and the rest are all returned to automatic mode. When the number of maximum opening areas is 1, check whether the area still meets the preset basic conditions. If it does not meet the conditions, it is returned to automatic mode. If it does meet the conditions, proceed to the switching condition comparison step. Hold-up delay steps: Record the time of the last handover. If the time interval since the last handover is greater than the hold-up time, a handover decision is allowed if the number of regions in the maximum open area is 1. Otherwise, maintain the status quo. Switching condition comparison steps: When there is a maximum opening area and the holding time has exceeded, the area that is in automatic mode, has a priority greater than 0 and has reached the maximum opening is defined as a candidate area. Cross-regional deviation comparison is performed on each candidate area to determine whether the deviation direction of the current maximum opening area is opposite to the deviation direction of the candidate area. Priority selection steps: When there are multiple qualified candidate areas, they are first sorted in descending order of priority. If they are of the same priority, they are then sorted in ascending order of dissolved oxygen deviation. The first ranked area is taken as the target migration area. Output execution steps: The area selected as the maximum opening zone outputs mode value 1, and the other areas output mode value 0. At the same time, the opening status of each zone is output. The downstream controller will maintain the regulating valve of the maximum opening zone at the maximum opening and the other zones will participate in the closed-loop regulation normally. Parameter tuning steps: Determine the opening tolerance band, dissolved oxygen deviation positive threshold, dissolved oxygen deviation negative threshold, gas volume deviation positive threshold, gas volume deviation negative threshold, observation window length, holding time, initialization method and switching method parameters.

2. The dynamic migration control method for the maximum opening zone according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the opening status determination step, the opening status OpeningStatus(i) of the i-th region is determined to be 1 if it satisfies the following formula, otherwise it is 0: valve(i)≥max(i) db_maxOpenings; Where valve(i) is the current opening degree of the regulating valve in the i-th region, max(i) is the maximum opening degree limit of the region, and db_maxOpenings is the opening degree tolerance zone.

3. The dynamic migration control method for the maximum opening zone according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the data acquisition and preprocessing steps, the dissolved oxygen deviation and gas volume deviation in each region are calculated using a moving average based on a preset observation window. eDO(i)=meantw[DO(i) DOSet(i)]; eF(i)=meantw[Flow(i) FlowSet(i)]; Where eDO(i) is the dissolved oxygen deviation in the i-th region, eF(i) is the air volume deviation in the i-th region, meantw[·] indicates that the variable in parentheses is taken as a moving average within an observation window of length tw, DO(i) is the dissolved oxygen measurement value, DOSet(i) is the dissolved oxygen setting value, Flow(i) is the air flow measurement value, and FlowSet(i) is the air flow setting value. The moving average requires that the number of valid samples in the window is not less than the minimum effective number N_min, where N_min = ceil(tw_OptMode_Num × η), η is the minimum effective percentage, ceil() is the floor function, and tw_OptMode_Num is the length of the observation window. If the number of valid data in the window is less than N_min, the deviation statistics of this area are deemed unreliable and will not be used for switching criteria.

4. The dynamic migration control method for the maximum opening zone according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the decision-making step regarding the maximum openness zone quantity: When the number of regions with the maximum opening size, num_mov, is 0, meaning there is no maximum opening size region, one region is selected from the candidate regions with a priority greater than 0 and in automatic mode and set as the maximum opening size region. The selection method is determined by the initialization method parameter InitialMethod: when the value is 0, the region with the smallest dissolved oxygen deviation is selected; when the value is 1, the region with the longest cumulative running time in the maximum opening size mode is selected. If there are no candidate regions, the entire automatic mode is maintained. When the number of regions with maximum opening num_mov > 1, i.e., there are multiple regions with maximum opening, first remove invalid regions that do not meet the priority greater than 0 and are in automatic mode from the set of regions with maximum opening M, and obtain the effective subset M′; when M′ is not empty, only the region with the smallest dissolved oxygen deviation is retained to maintain the maximum opening mode, and all others are returned to automatic mode; when M′ is empty, all regions are returned to automatic mode. The cumulative running time of the maximum opening mode refers to the cumulative time that the area has been continuously in this mode since it was last set as the maximum opening area. Once the area exits the maximum opening mode, the timer is reset to zero.

5. The dynamic migration control method for the maximum opening zone according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the switching condition comparison step, the candidate region set SC is generated by the following formula: SC={i|Opt_Mode(i)=0 and Priority(i)>0 and ValveAuto(i)=0 and OpeningStatus(i)=1}; Where Opt_Mode(i) is the maximum opening control mode flag for the i-th region, Priority(i) is the region priority, ValveAuto(i)=0 indicates that the regulating valve in this region is in automatic mode, and OpeningStatus(i) is the opening status of the i-th region; For each region i in the candidate set SC, construct dissolved oxygen criterion cond1 and gas volume criterion cond2 respectively: cond1: eDO(mov)>DOErrorThres_pos and eDO(i) <DOErrorThres_neg; cond2: eF(mov)>FlowErrorThres_pos and eF(i) <FlowErrorThres_neg; Where mov is the current maximum opening zone number, eDO(mov) is the dissolved oxygen deviation of the mov-th zone, eF(mov) is the gas volume deviation of the mov-th zone, DOErrorThres_pos and DOErrorThres_neg are the positive and negative thresholds of dissolved oxygen deviation, respectively, and FlowErrorThres_pos and FlowErrorThres_neg are the positive and negative thresholds of gas volume deviation, respectively.

6. The dynamic migration control method for the maximum opening zone according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the switching condition comparison step, the switching permission flag isSwitch is determined according to the switching method parameter SwitchMethod: When SwitchMethod=0, isSwitch=cond1 or cond2; When SwitchMethod=1, isSwitch=cond2; When SwitchMethod=2, isSwitch=cond1; Form a qualified set Q from all candidate regions where isSwitch is true; if Q is not empty, proceed to the priority selection step; if Q is empty, maintain the current maximum open region unchanged.

7. The dynamic migration control method for the maximum opening zone according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the priority selection step, when the qualified set Q is not empty, it is sorted in descending order by Priority(i), and then in ascending order by eDO(i) when the priorities are the same. The first region after sorting is taken as the migration target idx, and the following steps are executed: Opt_Mode(mov) ← 0; Opt_Mode(idx) ← 1; lastSwitchTime←now; Where mov is the current maximum opening zone number, Opt_Mode(mov) is the maximum opening control mode flag for the mov zone, Opt_Mode(idx) is the maximum opening control mode flag for the idx zone, idx is the migration target zone number, lastSwitchTime is the time when the last switch occurred, and now is the current time.

8. The dynamic migration control method for the maximum opening zone according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the output execution step, the dynamic adjustment method of the blower main pipe pressure setpoint is as follows: the maximum value of the pressure required for dissolved oxygen or gas volume closed loop in each non-maximum opening zone is used as the demand benchmark P_demand, and the pressure relief margin ΔP, which dynamically decreases with the opening margin in the maximum opening zone, is added. The main pipe pressure setpoint P_set = P_demand ΔP; When the maximum opening zone switches, P_set is kept at the value of the previous cycle within the transition window, and pressure increase rate limit and pressure decrease rate limit are applied; if the main pipe pressure exceeds the limit or the dissolved oxygen deviation in other zones exceeds the tolerance zone during the transition period, P_set is temporarily increased and the holding time is shortened.

9. A dynamic migration control system for the maximum opening zone, characterized in that, The maximum opening zone dynamic migration control method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 includes: The data acquisition and preprocessing module is used to acquire the current opening degree of the regulating valve in each zone, the maximum opening degree setting of each zone, the dissolved oxygen deviation of each zone, the gas volume deviation of each zone, the priority of each zone, the automatic / manual status of the valve in each zone, the cumulative running time of the maximum opening mode in each zone, the global control mode word and the enable signal according to the control cycle. It performs consistency verification on the input variables, legality checks on the opening value, and performs sliding average processing on the deviation signals according to the preset observation window. It outputs the effective opening degree sequence, the maximum opening degree setting sequence, the statistical value of the dissolved oxygen deviation window, the statistical value of the gas volume deviation window, the priority sequence and the automatic status sequence of each zone. The effective opening degree sequence and the maximum opening degree setting sequence of each zone output by this module are passed to the opening status determination module. The statistical values ​​of the dissolved oxygen deviation and the gas volume deviation window are passed to the maximum opening zone quantity decision module, the switching condition comparison module and the priority selection module. The priority sequence and the automatic status sequence are simultaneously available for use by the maximum opening zone quantity decision module, the switching condition comparison module and the priority selection module. The opening status determination module is used to determine whether the control valve has reached the maximum opening in each zone. When the current opening value (valve(i)) of the i-th zone is greater than or equal to the maximum opening value (max(i)) minus the opening tolerance band (db_maxOpenings), the opening status is determined to be 1, i.e., the maximum opening value has been reached; otherwise, it is 0. This module takes the effective opening value sequence and the maximum opening value setting sequence of each zone output by the data acquisition and preprocessing module as input, and the output opening status sequence of each zone is passed to the maximum opening zone quantity decision module, the switching condition comparison module, and the output execution module, respectively. The maximum opening area quantity decision module is used to count the number of areas currently marked as maximum opening areas (num_mov) and handle them in three cases: when num_mov=0, select one from the candidate areas with priority greater than 0 and in automatic state as the maximum opening area; when num_mov>1, remove the maximum opening areas that do not meet the basic conditions, and retain only the one with the smallest dissolved oxygen deviation among the remaining valid maximum opening areas, and return all others to automatic state; when num_mov=1, check whether the area still meets the basic conditions. If it does not meet the conditions, it returns to automatic state. If it does meet the conditions, it requests the time interval since the last switch from the hold time delay module to check. After the check passes, the current maximum opening area number and the status of each area are transferred to the switch condition comparison module. The hold-time hysteresis module is used to record the time of the last handover. It allows handover judgment to be performed when num_mov=1 only if the time interval since the last handover is greater than the hold-time DU_OptMode. This module provides an allow signal to the maximum opening area number decision module for the case of exactly one maximum opening area, indicating whether the hold-time has expired. At the same time, it receives forced adjustment feedback from the maximum opening area number decision module for the case of no maximum opening area and the case of multiple maximum opening areas, as well as successful handover feedback from the priority selection module, in order to refresh the last handover time. The switching condition comparison module is used to define the regions that are in automatic mode, have a priority greater than 0, and have reached the maximum opening as candidate regions when there is a maximum opening region and the holding time has exceeded. It performs cross-regional deviation comparison on each candidate region to determine whether the deviation direction of the current maximum opening region is opposite to the deviation direction of the candidate region, and outputs a set of qualified candidate regions to the priority selection module. The input of this module comes from the current maximum opening region number transferred by the maximum opening region quantity decision module, the opening status of each region output by the opening status judgment module, and the deviation window statistics and priority and automatic status sequence output by the data acquisition and preprocessing module. The priority selection module is used to sort multiple qualified candidate areas in descending order of priority, and then sort them in ascending order of dissolved oxygen deviation when they have the same priority. The first ranked area is taken as the migration target area, and a unique target area index is output to the output execution module. At the same time, the switching success signal is fed back to the hold time delay module. The output execution module is used to output mode value 1 for the selected area as the maximum opening area and output mode value 0 for the other areas, while also outputting the opening status of each area. This module collects the direct results of the maximum opening area quantity decision module in the case of no maximum opening area and the case of multiple maximum opening areas, as well as the migration target index of the priority selection module, and writes them back together with the opening status of each area output by the opening status determination module. It is the output outlet of the entire control closed loop. The parameter tuning module is used to determine the parameters of opening tolerance band, positive threshold of dissolved oxygen deviation, negative threshold of dissolved oxygen deviation, positive threshold of gas volume deviation, negative threshold of gas volume deviation, observation window length, holding time, initialization method and switching method, and sends each parameter to the corresponding module.

10. The maximum opening zone dynamic migration control system according to claim 9, characterized in that, When the data acquisition and preprocessing module checks the validity of the opening value, if the opening value is found to be outside the range of [0,100] or is a non-finite value, it is determined to be an abnormal value and removed. This area will not participate in the decision-making related to the maximum opening area in this round. The valid opening value of the previous cycle will be used or it will be marked as invalid and an alarm will be issued. The data will be re-included after it returns to normal. The parameter tuning module determines each threshold as follows: based on the flow characteristic curve of the regulating valve and the pressure-flow curve of the blower, the pressure relief capacity of the valve when it is in the preset opening range is converted into the tolerable dissolved oxygen deviation band and gas volume deviation band to form initial values; then, it is corrected according to the average switching frequency in the statistical window. The correction rule is as follows: let the average switching frequency be Freq. If Freq is greater than the preset upper limit, the positive threshold of dissolved oxygen deviation, the negative threshold of dissolved oxygen deviation, the positive threshold of gas volume deviation, and the negative threshold of gas volume deviation are relaxed proportionally by the step size factor; if Freq is less than the preset lower limit and there is a region where the dissolved oxygen deviation cannot converge for a long time, it is tightened proportionally by the step size factor; the holding time is adjusted in the opposite direction with the frequency, all correction values ​​are clamped within the allowable tuning range, and the single correction amplitude is set with an upper limit.

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