X / Ka dual frequency feed assembly and reflector antenna

Abstract

This invention provides an X / Ka dual-band feed assembly and reflector antenna, relating to the field of satellite communication technology. It includes: four X-band differential horns, an X / Ka coaxial horn, an X-band differential beamforming network, an X-band beamforming network, a Ka-band differential beamforming network, a Ka-band beamforming network, and a TE21 mode coupler. The X / Ka coaxial horn includes an X-band beamforming horn and a Ka-band differential / differential horn. The horn opening of the Ka-band differential / differential horn is located inside the X-band beamforming horn and is coaxial with it. The feed assembly of this invention enables communication and tracking in both the X and Ka bands. Compared with existing technologies, it occupies less space, has lower cost, is less prone to electromagnetic interference, and offers high stability and accuracy in communication and tracking. Furthermore, the invention employs a layered structure, resulting in a compact overall structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of satellite communication technology, and more specifically, to an X / Ka dual-frequency feed assembly and a reflector antenna. Background Technology

[0002] Reflector antennas utilize a metallic reflector to convert the spherical waves radiated from the feed source into a directional planar beam, thereby achieving high-gain, narrow-beam radiation. Vehicle-mounted reflector antennas are a type of antenna installed on vehicles to achieve high-gain communication, navigation, or radar detection functions. A reflector antenna consists of a feed source and a reflector. The feed source, as the core component of the antenna, operates in two modes: 1. Transmit mode: It converts high-frequency current or confined electromagnetic waves from the transmitter into electromagnetic waves that can propagate in free space and radiates them towards the reflector (such as a parabola); 2. Receive mode: It collects the electromagnetic waves converged by the reflector and converts them back into electrical signals for transmission to the receiver for further processing. The performance of the feed source affects key electrical parameters of the antenna, such as gain, polarization purity, sidelobe characteristics, and impedance matching.

[0003] Existing vehicle-mounted reflector antennas require two independent feed and reflector combinations to achieve X and Ka dual-band communication and tracking functions. This approach has several technical drawbacks: First, multiple antennas occupy a large amount of vehicle installation space, which conflicts with the requirements of miniaturization and lightweighting in vehicle scenarios, and increases vehicle wind resistance and energy consumption. Second, the hardware cost, installation and debugging cost, and subsequent maintenance cost of multi-antenna systems are significantly increased. Third, electromagnetic interference is easily generated between multiple antennas, affecting the stability and accuracy of communication and tracking. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The problem solved by this invention is that existing vehicle-mounted reflector antennas require two independent feeds and reflectors to achieve X and Ka dual-band communication and tracking functions, which has a number of drawbacks.

[0005] To address the above problems, the present invention provides an X / Ka dual-frequency feed assembly and a reflector antenna.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an X / Ka dual-band feed assembly, comprising: four X-band differential horns, an X / Ka coaxial horn, an X-band differential beamforming network, an X-band beamforming network, a Ka-band differential beamforming network, a Ka-band beamforming network, and a TE21 mode coupler; the X / Ka coaxial horn includes an X-band beamforming horn and a Ka-band differential horn; the horn port of the Ka-band differential horn is located inside the X-band beamforming horn and is coaxial with it; the waveguide interface of the Ka-band differential horn passes sequentially through the waveguide interface of the X-band beamforming horn, the feed interface of the X-band beamforming network, and exits the X-band beamforming network; the axes of the four X-band differential horns are parallel to the axes of the X-band beamforming horn, and... Four X-band differential horns are evenly spaced along the circumference of the X-band and the horns; the four waveguide interfaces of the X-band differential beamforming network are respectively connected to the waveguide interfaces of the four X-band differential horns to realize X-band tracking function; the waveguide interfaces of the X-band and beamforming network are connected to the waveguide interfaces of the X-band and the horns to realize X-band communication function; the axial waveguide port of the TE21 mode coupler is connected to the waveguide interface of the Ka-band and / or differential horns; the waveguide interface of the Ka-band differential beamforming network is connected to the sidewall waveguide port of the TE21 mode coupler to realize Ka-band tracking function; the waveguide interface of the Ka-band and beamforming network is connected to the axial waveguide port of the TE21 mode coupler to realize Ka-band communication function.

[0007] Optionally, the X-band difference beamforming network includes two X-band difference beamforming sub-networks; each X-band difference horn has a septum circular polarizer connected to its waveguide interface; the common end of the septum circular polarizer is connected to the waveguide interface of the X-band difference horn; the X-band difference beamforming network includes two first X-band magic-T components, a second X-band magic-T, a third X-band magic-T, an X-band 3dB bridge, a first L-shaped connecting waveguide section, and a second L-shaped connecting waveguide section; the first X-band magic-T component includes two docking waveguide sections, a first X-band magic-T, and an upper connecting waveguide section; the two first X-band magic-Ts are arranged relatively spaced apart; one end of each of the two docking waveguide sections is connected to the two side arms of the first X-band magic-T respectively; the E-arms of the two first X-band magic-Ts are connected to the second X-band magic-T through an upper connecting waveguide section. Two common arms are connected; the H arms of the two first X-band magic Ts are each connected to the two common arms of the third X-band magic T through a lower connecting waveguide segment; the E arm of the second X-band magic T is connected to one end of the first L-shaped connecting waveguide segment; the other end of the first L-shaped connecting waveguide segment is connected to one port of the X-band 3dB bridge; the E arm of the third X-band magic T is connected to one end of the second L-shaped connecting waveguide segment; the other end of the second L-shaped connecting waveguide segment is connected to the other port of the X-band 3dB bridge; the other ends of the four docking waveguide segments of one X-band difference beamforming network are respectively connected to the left-hand circular polarization ports of the four septum circular polarizers; the other ends of the four docking waveguide segments of the other X-band difference beamforming network are respectively connected to the right-hand circular polarization ports of the four septum circular polarizers.

[0008] Optionally, in each of the X-band differential beamforming networks, the second X-band magic T and the third X-band magic T are located on opposite sides of the first X-band magic T, and the second X-band magic T is higher than the third X-band magic T; the two upper connecting waveguide segments are parallel to each other; and the two lower connecting waveguide segments are parallel to each other.

[0009] Optionally, the two X-band differential beamforming networks are symmetrically distributed with the axis of the X-band and the horn as the axis of symmetry.

[0010] Optionally, all four of the septum circular polarizers pass through the X-band and beamforming network, which is located between the X-band differential horn and the X-band differential beamforming network.

[0011] Optionally, the Ka-band and / or differential speaker is externally fitted with an impedance matching ring; the impedance matching ring is located inside the X-band and speaker and is spaced from the inner wall of the X-band and speaker.

[0012] Optionally, the outer horn includes a first radiating section horn, a middle radiating section horn, a second radiating section horn, a first connecting section horn, and a second connecting section horn; both the first and second radiating section horns are cylindrical, and the diameter of the first radiating section horn is larger than the diameter of the second radiating section horn; the middle radiating section horn is frustum-shaped; the diameter of the first end of the middle radiating section horn is larger than the diameter of the second end; the first end of the middle radiating section horn is connected to one end of the first radiating section horn; the other end of the first radiating section horn is a horn opening; the second end of the middle radiating section horn is connected to one end of the second radiating section horn; the first connecting section horn is frustum-shaped; the diameter of the first end of the first connecting section horn is larger than the diameter of the second end; the other end of the second radiating section horn is connected to the first end of the first connecting section horn, and the diameter of the second radiating section horn is larger than the diameter of the first end of the first connecting section horn; the second end of the first connecting section horn is connected to one end of the second connecting section horn; the other end of the second connecting section horn is connected to the partition circular polarizer; the second connecting section horn is cylindrical.

[0013] Optionally, the sidewall of the TE21 mode coupler has eight coupling arms; the eight coupling arms are four first coupling arms and four second coupling arms arranged in an alternating manner. The Ka-band differential beamforming network includes two Ka-band differential beam waveguide components and a Ka-band 3dB bridge. The Ka-band difference beamforming waveguide assembly includes four first Ka-band connecting waveguides, two first T-shaped waveguides, a second Ka-band connecting waveguide, and a second T-shaped waveguide. One end of each of the four first Ka-band connecting waveguides is connected to one of the four first coupling arms. The other end of two of the four first Ka-band connecting waveguides is connected to two side arms of the first first T-shaped waveguide, and the other two are connected to two side arms of the second first T-shaped waveguide. The common arm of the first and second first T-shaped waveguides is connected to two side arms of the second T-shaped waveguide via a second Ka-band connecting waveguide. The common arm of the second T-shaped waveguide is connected to one port of the Ka-band 3dB bridge. In another Ka-band difference beam waveguide assembly, one end of each of the four first Ka-band connecting waveguides is connected to one of the four second coupling arms. The other end of two of the four first Ka-band connecting waveguides is connected to the two side arms of the first first T-shaped waveguide, and the other two are connected to the two side arms of the second first T-shaped waveguide. The common arm of the first first T-shaped waveguide and the common arm of the second first T-shaped waveguide are respectively connected to the two side arms of the second T-shaped waveguide through a second Ka-band connecting waveguide. The common arm of the second T-shaped waveguide is connected to one port of the Ka-band 3dB bridge.

[0014] Optionally, one of the Ka-band difference beam waveguide components is located between the other Ka-band difference beam waveguide component and the Ka-band beamforming network.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a reflector antenna, including the X / Ka dual-frequency feed assembly as described above.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the X / Ka dual-band feed assembly of this invention are as follows: By setting up X / Ka coaxial horns and four X-band difference horns, it is possible to connect the X-band and beamforming network, the X-band difference beamforming network, the Ka-band and beamforming network, and the Ka-band difference beamforming network, thereby realizing communication and tracking functions for both the X and Ka bands. In other words, the feed assembly of this invention can achieve communication and tracking for both the X and Ka bands. Compared with the prior art using two independent feed horns, this invention occupies less space, has lower hardware, installation, debugging, and maintenance costs, is less prone to electromagnetic interference, and offers higher stability and accuracy in communication and tracking. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the X / Ka dual-frequency feed assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a partial structure; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the mid-X band and the speaker structure; Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a mid-X band differential speaker; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the X-band difference beamforming network provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the mid-X band and beamforming network; Figure 7 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the mid-Ka band differential beamforming network and the TE21 mode coupler; Figure 8 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the mid-Ka band and beamforming network.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. X / Ka coaxial horn; 101. X-band horn; 102. Ka-band horn and / or difference horn; 103. First radiating section horn; 104. Intermediate radiating section horn; 105. Second radiating section horn; 106. First connecting section horn; 107. Second connecting section horn; 2. X-band difference horn; 3. X-band horn and beamforming network; 4. X-band difference beamforming network; 401. Docking waveguide section; 402. Upper connecting waveguide section; 403. First X-band difference horn; 404. Second X-band Magic T; 405. First L-shaped connecting waveguide section; 406. Lower connecting waveguide section; 407. Third X-band Magic T; 408. X-band 3dB bridge; 409. Second L-shaped connecting waveguide section; 5. TE21 mode coupler; 6. Ka-band differential beamforming network; 601. Ka-band 3dB bridge; 602. Ka-band differential beamforming waveguide assembly; 7. Ka-band and beamforming network; 8. Spacing plate circular polarizer. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although some embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the present invention. It should be understood that the accompanying drawings and embodiments of the present invention are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] The term "comprising" and its variations as used herein are open-ended, meaning "including but not limited to"; the term "based on" means "at least partially based on"; the term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments"; and the term "optionally" means "optional embodiments". Definitions of other terms will be given in the following description. It should be noted that the concepts of "first," "second," etc., mentioned in this invention are used only to distinguish different devices, modules, or units, and are not intended to limit the order of functions performed by these devices, modules, or units or their interdependencies.

[0021] It should be noted that the terms "a" and "a plurality of" used in this invention are illustrative rather than restrictive. Those skilled in the art should understand that, unless otherwise expressly indicated in the context, they should be understood as "one or more".

[0022] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, an X / Ka dual-band feed assembly includes: four X-band differential horns 2, an X / Ka coaxial horn 1, an X-band differential beamforming network 4, an X-band beamforming network 3, a Ka-band differential beamforming network 6, a Ka-band beamforming network 7, and a TE21 mode coupler 5; the X / Ka coaxial horn 1 includes an X-band beamforming horn 101 and a Ka-band differential horn 102; the horn port of the Ka-band differential horn 102 is located inside the X-band beamforming horn 101 and is coaxial with the X-band beamforming horn 101; the waveguide interface of the Ka-band differential horn 102 passes sequentially through the waveguide interface of the X-band beamforming horn 101, the feed interface of the X-band beamforming network 3, and exits the X-band beamforming network 3; the axes of the four X-band differential horns 2 are parallel to the X-band differential horn 101 and the X-band beamforming network 7. The axes of the horn 101 are parallel, and the four X-band differential horns 2 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the X-band and the horn 101. The four waveguide interfaces of the X-band differential beamforming network 4 are respectively connected to the waveguide interfaces of the four X-band differential horns 2 to realize the X-band tracking function. The waveguide interfaces of the X-band and beamforming network 3 are connected to the waveguide interfaces of the X-band and the horn 101 to realize the X-band communication function. The axial end waveguide port of the TE21 mode coupler 5 is connected to the waveguide interface of the Ka-band sum / difference horn 102. The waveguide interface of the Ka-band differential beamforming network 6 is connected to the side wall end waveguide port of the TE21 mode coupler 5 to realize the Ka-band tracking function. The waveguide interface of the Ka-band and beamforming network 7 is connected to the axial end waveguide port of the TE21 mode coupler 5 to realize the Ka-band communication function.

[0023] The horn, as the basic structure of the antenna, modulates the amplitude and phase of the electromagnetic waves within the transmission waveguide through its own geometry. This results in a uniform phase distribution of the electromagnetic waves on the radiating surface, effectively converging the energy of the electromagnetic waves and forming a highly directional radiation beam. Consequently, the antenna achieves higher gain in a specified direction, meeting the requirements for long-distance communication and high-precision detection. Its principles and functions are based on existing mature technology and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0024] Specifically, based on the principle of electromagnetic reciprocity, the feed can operate bidirectionally in transmit / receive mode, adapting to integrated transceiver scenarios. Taking reception as an example, X-band microwave signals are incident on four X-band differential horns 2, and then undergo sum-difference comparison and phase-weighted synthesis through the X-band differential beamforming network 4 to form an X-band differential beam, thereby realizing the X-band single-pulse differential mode tracking function. X-band microwaves enter the X-band beamforming network 3 through the cavity between the X-band and Ka-band sum / difference horns 101 and 102, where the X-band beamforming network 3 forms an X-band beam to realize X-band communication function. Ka-band microwave signals enter the TE21 mode coupler 5 through the Ka-band sum / difference horns 102, and then enter the Ka-band beamforming network 7 through the axial port of the TE21 mode coupler 5, where the Ka-band beamforming network 7 forms a Ka-band beam to realize Ka-band communication function. After the Ka-band signal is output through the side-wall coupling port of the TE21 mode coupler 5, it is sent to the Ka-band differential beamforming network 6. The Ka-band differential beam is formed by performing amplitude and phase synthesis processing on the TE21 mode signal, thereby realizing the Ka-band single-pulse differential mode tracking function.

[0025] In this embodiment, by setting up an X / Ka coaxial horn 1 and four X-band differential horns 2, the X-band beamforming network 3, the X-band differential beamforming network 4, the Ka-band beamforming network 7, and the Ka-band differential beamforming network 6 can be connected, realizing communication and tracking functions for the X-band and Ka-band. That is, communication and tracking for both the X-band and Ka-band can be achieved using the feed source of this invention. Compared with the prior art using two independent feed sources, this invention occupies less space, has lower hardware costs, installation and debugging costs, and subsequent maintenance costs, is less prone to electromagnetic interference, and offers high stability and accuracy in communication and tracking.

[0026] Optionally, the X-band differential beamforming network 4 includes two X-band differential beamforming sub-networks; each X-band differential horn 2 has a septum circular polarizer 8 connected to its waveguide interface; the common terminal of the septum circular polarizer 8 is connected to the waveguide interface of the X-band differential horn 2, and the X-band differential beamforming network includes two first X-band magic T403 components, a second X-band magic T404, a third X-band magic T407, and an X-band 3dB bridge 408, and a first L... The first X-band magic T403 assembly includes two docking waveguide sections 401, a first X-band magic T403, and an upper connecting waveguide section 402; the two first X-band magic T403s are arranged relatively spaced apart; one end of each of the two docking waveguide sections 401 is connected to one of the two side arms of the first X-band magic T403; the E-arms of both first X-band magic T403s are connected to the second X-band magic T403 through an upper connecting waveguide section 402. The two common arms of the X-band magic T404 are connected; the H arms of the two first X-band magic T403s are each connected to the two common arms of the third X-band magic T407 through a lower connecting waveguide section 406; the E arm of the second X-band magic T404 is connected to one end of the first L-shaped connecting waveguide section 405; the other end of the first L-shaped connecting waveguide section 405 is connected to one port of the X-band 3dB bridge 408; the E arm of the third X-band magic T407 is connected to one end of the second L-shaped connecting waveguide section 409; the other end of the second L-shaped connecting waveguide section 409 is connected to the other port of the X-band 3dB bridge 408; the other ends of the four docking waveguide sections 401 of one X-band differential beamforming network are respectively connected to the left-hand circular polarization ports of the four septum circular polarizers 8; the other ends of the four docking waveguide sections 401 of the other X-band differential beamforming network are respectively connected to the right-hand circular polarization ports of the four septum circular polarizers 8.

[0027] Specifically, in each X-band differential beamforming network, the signal entering from the X-band differential horn 2 passes through the partition circular polarizer 8 and enters the two docking waveguide sections 401 of the two first X-band magic T components. In each first X-band magic T component, the signal from the two docking waveguide sections 401 enters the first X-band magic T 403. The signal output from the E-arm of the first X-band magic T 403 (the signal generated by subtracting the signals from the two docking waveguide sections 401) enters the second X-band magic T 404 through the upper connecting waveguide section 402. The E-arm of the second X-band magic T 404 (the signal generated by subtracting the two signals) is connected to one port of the X-band 3dB bridge 408 through the first L-shaped connecting waveguide section 405. The signal output from the H-arm of the first X-band magic T403 (the signal generated by summing the signals from the two docking waveguide sections 401) enters the third X-band magic T407 through the lower connecting waveguide section 406. The E-arm of the third X-band magic T407 (the signal generated by summing the two signals) is connected to the other port of the X-band 3dB bridge 408 through the second L-shaped connecting waveguide section 409. That is, after the elevation and azimuth difference signals are generated by the first X-band magic T component, the second X-band magic T404, and the third X-band magic T407, the X-band 3dB bridge 408 is used to synthesize the signals.

[0028] The docking waveguide segments 401 of the two X-band difference beamforming networks are respectively connected to the left-hand circular polarization ports and the right-hand circular polarization ports of the four septum circular polarizers 8, thereby generating left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization elevation and azimuth difference signals.

[0029] In this optional embodiment, the X-band difference beamforming network 4 adopts the above-described structure, which makes the structure compact and further reduces the space occupied.

[0030] Optionally, in each X-band differential beamforming network, the second X-band magic T404 and the third X-band magic T407 are located on opposite sides of the first X-band magic T403, and the second X-band magic T404 is higher than the third X-band magic T407; the two upper connecting waveguide sections 402 are parallel to each other; and the two lower connecting waveguide sections 406 are parallel to each other.

[0031] In this optional embodiment, the second X-band magic T404 and the third X-band magic T407 are located on opposite sides of the first X-band magic T403, making full use of the lateral space. The two upper connecting waveguide sections 402 are parallel to each other, and the two lower connecting waveguide sections 406 are parallel to each other, which makes the overall structure regular, provides as much space as possible for structural arrangement, and reduces the obstruction of other components by the connecting waveguide sections.

[0032] The X-band and beamforming network 3 employs two cross gates, one of which is located at X-band and X-band, and is then connected to the other cross gate via corresponding waveguide segments. This technology is existing and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0033] Optionally, the two X-band differential beamforming networks are symmetrically distributed with the axis of the X-band and the horn 101 as the axis of symmetry.

[0034] In this optional embodiment, the two X-band differential beamforming networks are symmetrically distributed with the axis of the X-band and the horn 101 as the axis of symmetry, which can make full use of the lateral space, reduce the overall volume occupied, and improve the structural compactness.

[0035] Optionally, all four partition circular polarizers 8 pass through the X-band and beamforming network 3; the X-band and beamforming network 3 is located between the X-band differential horn 2 and the X-band differential beamforming network.

[0036] In this optional embodiment, the X-band and beamforming network 3 are located between the X-band differential horn 2 and the X-band differential beamforming network, forming a layered structure to improve structural compactness.

[0037] Optionally, an impedance matching ring is fixedly fitted around the Ka-band and / or differential horn 102. The principle is to introduce a controllable capacitive / inductive impedance within the waveguide. By changing the ring's diameter, width, and axial position, an adjustable reflection is generated to cancel the original reflection at the load or discontinuity, thereby altering the waveguide's matching characteristics. The impedance matching ring is located inside the X-band and horn 101 and is spaced from the inner wall of the X-band and horn 101.

[0038] In this optional embodiment, the impedance matching ring can provide good matching characteristics in the X-band, ensuring effective signal transmission, reducing power loss, and making the system work more stably.

[0039] Optionally, the outer horn includes a first radiating section horn 103, a middle radiating section horn 104, a second radiating section horn 105, a first connecting section horn 106, and a second connecting section horn 107; both the first radiating section horn 103 and the second radiating section horn 105 are cylindrical, and the diameter of the first radiating section horn 103 is larger than the diameter of the second radiating section horn 105; the middle radiating section horn 104 is frustum-shaped; the diameter of the first end of the middle radiating section horn 104 is larger than the diameter of the second end; the first end of the middle radiating section horn 104 is connected to one end of the first radiating section horn 103; the other end of the first radiating section horn 103 is a horn. The second end of the intermediate radiating section horn 104 is connected to one end of the second radiating section horn 105; the first connecting section horn 106 is frustum-shaped; the diameter of the first end of the first connecting section horn 106 is larger than the diameter of the second end; the other end of the second radiating section horn 105 is connected to the first end of the first connecting section horn 106, and the diameter of the second radiating section horn 105 is larger than the diameter of the first end of the first connecting section horn 106; the second end of the first connecting section horn 106 is connected to one end of the second connecting section horn 107; the other end of the second connecting section horn 107 is connected to the partition circular polarizer 8; the second connecting section horn 107 is cylindrical.

[0040] In this optional embodiment, the external speaker adopts the above-described structure, which can simultaneously take into account the X-frequency and Ka-frequency beam pattern. Optionally, the sidewall of the TE21 mode coupler 5 has 8 coupling arms; the 8 coupling arms are 4 first coupling arms and 4 second coupling arms arranged in an alternating manner; the Ka-band differential beamforming network 6 includes two Ka-band differential beam waveguide components 602 and a Ka-band 3dB bridge 601; the Ka-band differential beam waveguide component 602 includes 4 first Ka-band connecting waveguides, two first T-type waveguides, a first Ka-band connecting waveguide, and a second T-type waveguide.

[0041] One end of each of the four first Ka-band connecting waveguides of one of the Ka-band difference beam waveguide components 602 is connected to one of the four first coupling arms. The other end of two of the four first Ka-band connecting waveguides is connected to the two side arms of the first first T-shaped waveguide, and the other end of the other two first Ka-band connecting waveguides is connected to the two side arms of the second first T-shaped waveguide. The common arm of the first first T-shaped waveguide and the common arm of the second first T-shaped waveguide are respectively connected to the two side arms of the second T-shaped waveguide through a second Ka-band connecting waveguide. The common arm of the second T-shaped waveguide is connected to one port of the Ka-band 3dB bridge 601.

[0042] Another Ka-band difference beam waveguide assembly 602 has four first Ka-band connecting waveguides, one end of which is connected to four second coupling arms. The other ends of two of these first Ka-band connecting waveguides are connected to the two side arms of the first first T-shaped waveguide, and the other two are connected to the two side arms of the second first T-shaped waveguide. The common arm of the first first T-shaped waveguide and the common arm of the second first T-shaped waveguide are respectively connected to the two side arms of the second T-shaped waveguide through a second Ka-band connecting waveguide. The common arm of the second Ka-band magic T is connected to one port of the Ka-band 3dB bridge 601.

[0043] Specifically, the TE21 mode coupler 5 couples out eight TE21 mode components (differentialized) from its eight coupling arms. In one of the Ka-band difference beam waveguide components 602, the signal entering from the Ka-band sum / difference horn 102 passes through the TE21 mode coupler 5 and enters four first Ka-band connecting waveguides from the sidewall port of the TE21 mode coupler 5. The two first Ka-band connecting waveguides pass through the side arm of the first T-shaped waveguide. The first T-shaped waveguide sums the signals and then enters the first Ka-band connecting waveguide through its common arm. Then, the signals pass through the side arm of the second T-shaped waveguide. The second T-shaped waveguide sums the signals and then enters the Ka-band 3dB bridge 601 through its common arm.

[0044] Similarly, in another Ka-band difference beam waveguide assembly 602, the signal entering from the Ka-band sum / difference horn 102 passes through the TE21 mode coupler 5 and enters four first Ka-band connecting waveguides from the sidewall port of the TE21 mode coupler 5. Two first Ka-band connecting waveguides pass through the side arm of the first T-shaped waveguide. The first T-shaped waveguide sums the signals and then enters the first Ka-band connecting waveguide through its common arm. Then, the signals pass through the side arm of the second T-shaped waveguide, and the second T-shaped waveguide sums the signals and finally enters the Ka-band 3dB bridge 601 through its common arm. This forms the Ka-band elevation and azimuth difference signals.

[0045] In this optional embodiment, the Ka-band differential beamforming network 6 adopts the above-described structure, which is easy to arrange and has a compact structure.

[0046] Optionally, one of the Ka-band difference beam waveguide components 602 is located between another Ka-band difference beam waveguide component 602 and the Ka-band beamforming network 7.

[0047] In this optional embodiment, a Ka-band differential beam waveguide component 602 is located between another Ka-band differential beam waveguide component 602 and the Ka-band beamforming network 7, forming a layered structure, which further improves the structural compactness.

[0048] The principles of Ka band and beamforming network 7 are existing technologies and will not be elaborated here.

[0049] An embodiment of the present invention provides a reflector antenna, including the X / Ka dual-frequency feed assembly as described above.

[0050] A reflector antenna also includes a reflector surface.

[0051] The beneficial effects of the reflector antenna in this embodiment compared to the prior art are the same as those of the X / Ka dual-frequency feed assembly described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0052] While the present invention has been disclosed above, its scope of protection is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such changes and modifications will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An X / Ka dual-frequency feed assembly, characterized in that, include: Four X-band differential horns (2), X / Ka coaxial horns (1), X-band differential beamforming network (4), X-band beamforming network (3), Ka-band differential beamforming network (6), Ka-band beamforming network (7), TE21 mode coupler (5). The X / Ka coaxial horn (1) includes an X-band horn (101) and a Ka-band horn (102). The horn opening of the Ka-band and / or difference horn (102) is located inside the X-band and horn (101) and is coaxial with the X-band and horn (101); the waveguide interface of the Ka-band and / or difference horn (102) passes through the waveguide interface of the X-band and horn (101), the feed interface of the X-band and beamforming network (3), and exits the X-band and beamforming network (3). The axes of the four X-band difference speakers (2) are parallel to the axis of the X-band speaker (101), and the four X-band difference speakers (2) are evenly spaced along the circumference of the X-band speaker (101). The four waveguide interfaces of the X-band differential beamforming network (4) are respectively connected to the waveguide interfaces of the four X-band differential horns (2) to realize the X-band tracking function. The waveguide interface of the X-band and beamforming network (3) is connected to the waveguide interface of the X-band and horn (101) to realize the X-band communication function; The axial end waveguide port of the TE21 mode coupler (5) is connected to the waveguide interface of the Ka-band sum / difference horn (102). The waveguide interface of the Ka-band differential beamforming network (6) is connected to the side wall end waveguide port of the TE21 mode coupler (5) to realize the Ka-band tracking function. The waveguide interface of the Ka band and beamforming network (7) is connected to the axial end waveguide port of the TE21 mode coupler (5) to realize the Ka band communication function.

2. The X / Ka dual-frequency feed assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The X-band differential beamforming network (4) includes two X-band differential beamforming sub-networks; Each X-band differential speaker (2) is connected to a partition circular polarizer (8) at its waveguide interface. The common terminal of the partition circular polarizer (8) is connected to the waveguide interface of the X-band difference horn (2); The X-band differential beamforming network includes two first X-band magic T components, a second X-band magic T (404), a third X-band magic T (407), an X-band 3dB bridge (408), a first L-shaped connecting waveguide section (405), and a second L-shaped connecting waveguide section (409). The first X-band magic T component includes two docking waveguide segments (401), the first X-band magic T (403), and the upper connecting waveguide segment (402). The two first X-band magic T (403) are set at a relative interval; One end of each of the two docking waveguide segments (401) is connected to one of the two side arms of the first X-band magic T (403); The E-arms of the two first X-band magic Ts (403) are connected to the two common arms of the second X-band magic T (404) through an upper connecting waveguide segment (402); The H-arms of the two first X-band magic T (403) are connected to the two common arms of the third X-band magic T (407) through a lower connecting waveguide segment (406); The E-arm of the second X-band magic T (404) is connected to one end of the first L-shaped connecting waveguide segment (405); the other end of the first L-shaped connecting waveguide segment (405) is connected to one port of the X-band 3dB bridge (408); The H-arm of the third X-band magic T (407) is connected to one end of the second L-shaped connecting waveguide section (409); the other end of the second L-shaped connecting waveguide section (409) is connected to the other port of the X-band 3dB bridge (408); The other ends of the four docking waveguide segments (401) of one of the X-band difference beamforming networks are respectively connected to the left-hand circular polarization ports of the four septum circular polarizers (8); the other ends of the four docking waveguide segments (401) of the other X-band difference beamforming network are respectively connected to the right-hand circular polarization ports of the four septum circular polarizers (8).

3. The X / Ka dual-frequency feed assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, In each of the X-band differential beamforming networks, the second X-band magic T (404) and the third X-band magic T (407) are located on opposite sides of the first X-band magic T (403), and the second X-band magic T (404) is higher than the third X-band magic T (407); the two upper connecting waveguide segments (402) are parallel to each other; the two lower connecting waveguide segments (406) are parallel to each other.

4. The X / Ka dual-frequency feed assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The two X-band differential beamforming networks are symmetrically distributed with the axis of the X-band and the horn (101) as the axis of symmetry.

5. The X / Ka dual-frequency feed assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, All four of the partition circular polarizers (8) pass through the X-band and beamforming network (3); the X-band and beamforming network (3) is located between the X-band differential horn (2) and the X-band differential beamforming network.

6. The X / Ka dual-frequency feed assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Ka-band and / or difference horn (102) is fitted with an impedance matching ring; the impedance matching ring is located inside the X-band and horn (101) and is spaced from the inner wall of the X-band and horn (101).

7. The X / Ka dual-frequency feed assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, The external loudspeaker includes a first radiating section loudspeaker (103), a middle radiating section loudspeaker (104), a second radiating section loudspeaker (105), a first connecting section loudspeaker (106), and a second connecting section loudspeaker (107). Both the first radiating section horn (103) and the second radiating section horn (105) are cylindrical, and the diameter of the first radiating section horn (103) is larger than the diameter of the second radiating section horn (105). The intermediate radiating section horn (104) is frustum-shaped; the diameter of the first end of the intermediate radiating section horn (104) is larger than the diameter of the second end; the first end of the intermediate radiating section horn (104) is connected to one end of the first radiating section horn (103); the other end of the first radiating section horn (103) is a horn opening; the second end of the intermediate radiating section horn (104) is connected to one end of the second radiating section horn (105). The first connecting segment horn (106) is frustum-shaped; the diameter of the first end of the first connecting segment horn (106) is larger than the diameter of the second end; The other end of the second radiating section horn (105) is connected to the first end of the first connecting section horn (106), and the diameter of the second radiating section horn (105) is larger than the diameter of the first end of the first connecting section horn (106); the second end of the first connecting section horn (106) is connected to one end of the second connecting section horn (107); the other end of the second connecting section horn (107) is connected to the partition circular polarizer (8); the second connecting section horn (107) is cylindrical.

8. The X / Ka dual-frequency feed assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sidewall of the TE21 mode coupler (5) has 8 coupling arms; the 8 coupling arms are 4 first coupling arms and 4 second coupling arms arranged in an alternating manner; The Ka-band differential beamforming network (6) includes two Ka-band differential beam waveguide components (602) and a Ka-band 3dB bridge (601). The Ka-band difference beamguide assembly (602) includes four first Ka-band connecting waveguides, two first T-shaped waveguides, a second Ka-band connecting waveguide, and a second T-shaped waveguide. One end of each of the four first Ka-band connecting waveguides of the Ka-band difference beamguide assembly (602) is connected to one of the four first coupling arms. The other end of two of the four first Ka-band connecting waveguides is connected to two side arms of the first first T-shaped waveguide, and the other two first Ka-band connecting waveguides are connected to two side arms of the second first T-shaped waveguide. The common arm of the first first T-shaped waveguide and the common arm of the second first T-shaped waveguide are respectively connected to the two side arms of the second T-shaped waveguide through a second Ka-band connecting waveguide. The common arm of the second T-shaped waveguide is connected to one port of the Ka-band 3dB bridge (601). Another Ka-band difference beam waveguide assembly (602) has four first Ka-band connecting waveguides, one end of which is connected to four second coupling arms. The other end of two of the four first Ka-band connecting waveguides is connected to two side arms of the first first T-shaped waveguide, and the other end of the other two first Ka-band connecting waveguides is connected to two side arms of the second first T-shaped waveguide. The common arm of the first first T-shaped waveguide and the common arm of the second first T-shaped waveguide are respectively connected to the two side arms of the second T-shaped waveguide through a second Ka-band connecting waveguide. The common arm of the second T-shaped waveguide is connected to one port of the Ka-band 3dB bridge (601).

9. The X / Ka dual-frequency feed assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that, One of the Ka-band difference beam waveguide components (602) is located between the other Ka-band difference beam waveguide component (602) and the Ka-band beamforming network (7).

10. A reflector antenna, characterized in that, Includes the X / Ka dual-frequency feed assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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