A laser annular gradient stripping device and method for high-voltage cable insulation shielding layer

Abstract

This invention discloses a laser-based annular gradient stripping device and method for high-voltage cable insulation shielding, relating to the technical field of power cable processing equipment. The device includes a front annular movable seat and a rear annular fixed disc arranged coaxially at intervals, with an axial feed assembly between them. A rear end clamping assembly is provided on the rear annular fixed disc. A first rotary table is rotatably connected to the front annular movable seat, and a second rotary table is rotatably connected to the first rotary table. A front arc-shaped drive groove on the first rotary table, a front radial guide groove on the second rotary table, and a front drive pin on the rolling chuck cooperate to position the high-voltage cable via rolling elements. A laser processing assembly is mounted on the second rotary table, and a nanosecond short-pulse laser can move radially along the high-voltage cable. During processing, a starting annular slit, an axial spiral slit, and a terminating annular slit are sequentially formed to strip the insulation shielding layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power cable processing equipment technology, specifically to a laser annular gradient stripping device and method for high-voltage cable insulation shielding layer. Background Technology

[0002] High-voltage cables typically consist of a conductor, a conductor shield, an insulation layer, an insulation shield, and an outer protective layer. During the material testing, performance testing, and quality analysis of high-voltage cables, it is usually necessary to cut or peel off a certain length of the insulation shield from the cable body to obtain an insulation shield sample that meets the testing requirements.

[0003] Existing methods for stripping insulation shielding layers mainly include mechanical cutting and laser cutting. When using mechanical cutting tools, the tool is in direct contact with the high-voltage cable. If the clamping position, depth of cut, or cutting trajectory is not properly controlled, the insulation shielding layer may be squeezed, stretched, or partially torn, which may affect the structure inside the insulation shielding layer.

[0004] Using lasers for non-contact cutting can reduce mechanical action, but when cutting cylindrical high-voltage cables, the laser processing position needs to move circumferentially and axially relative to the high-voltage cable. If the coordination between the fixed clamping of the high-voltage cable, the radial positioning of the processing end, and the axial movement is unstable, the relative distance between the laser emission position and the outer periphery of the high-voltage cable can easily change, thus affecting the consistency of the cutting trajectory and cutting depth.

[0005] In addition, the outer diameters of high-voltage cables of different specifications vary, and the radial position between the laser and the outer periphery of the high-voltage cable needs to be adjusted accordingly. In existing equipment, the radial positioning of the cable, the radial adjustment of the laser, the circumferential processing motion and the axial feed motion are usually completed by independent mechanisms. The coordination between these mechanisms is quite complex, and it is difficult to maintain stable radial positioning of the high-voltage cable at the same time when the processing end moves along the axial direction of the high-voltage cable.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a laser stripping device and method for high-voltage cable insulation shielding to improve the coordination between high-voltage cable fixing and clamping, processing end rolling positioning, laser circumferential movement, axial feed and radial position adjustment. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a laser annular gradient stripping device and method for high-voltage cable insulation shielding layer, in order to solve the problem mentioned in the background art that it is difficult to stably coordinate the fixing and clamping of the high-voltage cable, the radial positioning of the processing end, the laser circumferential processing, the axial feed and the radial position adjustment during the existing laser stripping process of insulation shielding layer, which in turn affects the consistency of laser cutting trajectory and cutting position.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0009] In one aspect, a laser annular gradient stripping device for high-voltage cable insulation shielding layer is provided, comprising a front annular movable seat, a rear annular fixed plate, an axial feed assembly, a rear clamping assembly, a front rolling clamping assembly, and a laser processing assembly.

[0010] The front annular movable seat and the rear annular fixed plate are coaxial and spaced apart along the axial direction of the high-voltage cable. The axial feed assembly is disposed between the front annular movable seat and the rear annular fixed plate and is used to drive the front annular movable seat to move relative to the rear annular fixed plate along the axial direction of the high-voltage cable. The rear end clamping assembly is disposed on the rear annular fixed plate and is used to clamp and fix the high-voltage cable.

[0011] The front-end rolling clamping assembly includes a first rotary table, a second rotary table, and multiple rolling chucks. The first rotary table is rotatably connected to the front annular movable seat. The second rotary table is coaxial with the first rotary table and is arranged adjacent to it along the axial direction, and is rotatably connected to the first rotary table.

[0012] The first rotary table has multiple circumferentially extending arc-shaped drive grooves at the front end, and the radial distance from different positions on each arc-shaped drive groove to the axis of the first rotary table is different. The second rotary table has multiple radially extending ...

[0013] The laser processing assembly includes a radial feed assembly and a nanosecond short-pulse laser. The radial feed assembly is fixedly connected to the second rotary table and has a movable output end that moves radially along the high-voltage cable. The nanosecond short-pulse laser is fixedly connected to the movable output end, and the light-emitting end of the nanosecond short-pulse laser faces the high-voltage cable.

[0014] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the rear clamping assembly includes a rear guide plate, a plurality of rear sliding chucks and a rear clamping drive assembly. The rear guide plate is coaxial with the rear annular fixed plate and is arranged adjacent to it along the axial direction, and is rotatably connected to the rear annular fixed plate.

[0015] The rear guide plate has multiple radially extending rear radial guide grooves, and the rear annular fixed plate has multiple circumferentially extending rear arc-shaped drive grooves. The radial distance from different positions on each of the rear arc-shaped drive grooves to the axis of the rear annular fixed plate is different. Each of the rear sliding chucks is slidably connected to the corresponding rear radial guide groove. Each of the rear sliding chucks is fixedly connected to a rear drive pin, and each of the rear drive pins is slidably connected to the corresponding rear arc-shaped drive groove.

[0016] The rear clamping drive assembly includes a rear drive motor and a rear worm gear. The rear drive motor is fixedly connected to the rear annular fixed disk, and the rear worm gear is rotatably connected to the rear annular fixed disk and meshes with the teeth provided on the rear guide disk. The output end of the rear drive motor is drivenly connected to the rear worm gear.

[0017] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the front-end rolling clamping assembly further includes a rolling clamping drive assembly, which includes a rolling clamping drive motor and a rolling clamping worm gear.

[0018] The rolling clamping drive motor is fixedly connected to the first rotary table, the rolling clamping worm is rotatably connected to the first rotary table and meshes with the teeth provided on the second rotary table, and the output end of the rolling clamping drive motor is drivenly connected to the rolling clamping worm.

[0019] As a further technical solution of the present invention, it also includes a rotary drive assembly, which includes a rotary drive motor and a rotary transmission component;

[0020] The rotary drive motor is fixedly connected to the front annular movable seat, the rotary transmission component is rotatably connected to the front annular movable seat, the output end of the rotary drive motor is drivenly connected to the rotary transmission component, and the rotary transmission component is fixedly connected to the first rotary disk.

[0021] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the axial feed assembly includes two sets of axial guide assemblies, a lead screw transmission assembly, and an axial drive motor;

[0022] Each of the axial guide components includes a guide rod and a sliding bearing. The guide rod is fixedly connected to the rear annular fixed plate, and the sliding bearing is fixedly connected to the front annular movable seat and slidably connected to the corresponding guide rod.

[0023] The lead screw drive assembly includes a lead screw and a lead screw nut. The lead screw is rotatably connected to the rear annular fixed plate, and the lead screw nut is fixedly connected to the front annular movable seat and threadedly connected to the lead screw.

[0024] The axial drive motor is fixedly connected to the rear annular fixed plate, and the output end of the axial drive motor is driven by the lead screw. The two guide rods and the lead screw are arranged at 120° intervals along the circumference centered on the axis of the high-voltage cable.

[0025] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the first rotary table is rotatably connected to the front annular movable seat through an annular bearing. The annular bearing is coaxially arranged with the first rotary table, and the two rings of the annular bearing are fixedly connected to the front annular movable seat and the first rotary table, respectively.

[0026] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the radial feed assembly includes a radial fixed seat, a radial moving seat, and an adjusting screw;

[0027] The radial fixed seat is fixedly connected to the second rotary table, the radial moving seat is slidably connected to the radial fixed seat along the radial direction of the second rotary table, and the adjusting screw is rotatably connected to the radial fixed seat and threadedly connected to the radial moving seat.

[0028] The radial moving seat constitutes the moving output end of the radial feed assembly, and the nanosecond short pulse laser is fixedly connected to the radial moving seat.

[0029] As a further technical solution of the present invention, three rolling chucks are provided, and the three rolling chucks are arranged at 120° intervals along the circumference of the second rotary table.

[0030] There are three of each of the front arc-shaped drive groove, the front radial guide groove, and the front drive pin, and each corresponds to one of the three rolling chucks.

[0031] As a further technical solution of the present invention, three radial feed components and three nanosecond short pulse lasers are provided. The three radial feed components are arranged at 120° intervals along the circumference of the second rotary disk, and each nanosecond short pulse laser is fixedly connected to the moving output end of the corresponding radial feed component.

[0032] Secondly, a laser annular gradient stripping method for the insulation shielding layer of high-voltage cables is provided, comprising:

[0033] Step S101, device reset: Position the front annular movable seat in the initial axial position, position the nanosecond short pulse laser in the radial retraction position, and position the rear sliding chuck and rolling chuck in the radial opening position respectively;

[0034] Step S102, inserting the high-voltage cable: pass the high-voltage cable with the insulation shield layer to be stripped through the rear end of the device in sequence through the rear guide plate, the rear annular fixed plate, the front annular movable seat, the central area of ​​the first rotary plate and the second rotary plate, and adjust the axial position of the high-voltage cable so that the section of the high-voltage cable to be stripped corresponds to the axial movement range of the nanosecond short pulse laser.

[0035] Step S103, fixing and clamping the high-voltage cable: The rear worm gear is driven to rotate by the rear drive motor. The rear worm gear meshes with the teeth of the rear guide plate, driving the rear guide plate to rotate circumferentially relative to the rear annular fixed plate. When the rear guide plate rotates, the rear radial guide groove moves circumferentially relative to the rear arc drive groove, causing each rear drive pin to slide along the corresponding rear arc drive groove, and driving each rear sliding clamp to move radially closer to the high-voltage cable along the corresponding rear radial guide groove, until multiple rear sliding clamps together clamp and fix the high-voltage cable.

[0036] Step S104, Rolling clamping of high-voltage cable: The rolling clamping worm is driven to rotate by the rolling clamping drive motor. The rolling clamping worm meshes with the teeth of the second rotary table, driving the second rotary table to rotate circumferentially relative to the first rotary table. When the second rotary table rotates, the front radial guide groove moves circumferentially relative to the front arc drive groove, causing each front drive pin to slide along the corresponding front arc drive groove, and driving each rolling chuck to move radially closer to the high-voltage cable along the corresponding front radial guide groove until each rolling element makes rolling contact with the outer circumference of the high-voltage cable.

[0037] Step S105, Adjust the laser cutting position: Rotate the adjusting screw of the radial feed assembly so that the radial moving seat, which is threadedly connected to the adjusting screw, moves radially relative to the radial fixed seat along the high-voltage cable. The radial moving seat drives the nanosecond short pulse laser to move radially so that the laser focus of the nanosecond short pulse laser corresponds to the predetermined cutting position of the insulation shielding layer of the high-voltage cable.

[0038] Step S106, forming the initial annular slit: Keeping the front annular movable seat axially stationary, start the nanosecond short pulse laser and the rotary drive motor. The rotary drive motor drives the first rotary disk to rotate circumferentially relative to the front annular movable seat around the high-voltage cable axis through the rotary transmission component. The second rotary disk maintains a constant relative circumferential position with the first rotary disk and rotates synchronously. Thus, the second rotary disk drives the nanosecond short pulse laser to move circumferentially around the high-voltage cable axis through the radial feed component, so as to form an annular slit at the starting position of the section of the high-voltage cable insulation shield to be stripped.

[0039] Step S107, forming a spiral cut: Maintain the output of the nanosecond short-pulse laser and keep the first and second rotary disks rotating synchronously. Drive the lead screw to rotate through the axial drive motor, so that the lead screw nut threaded to the lead screw drives the front annular movable seat to move along the axial direction of the high-voltage cable, and causes the sliding bearings fixedly connected to the front annular movable seat to slide along the corresponding guide rods respectively; the front annular movable seat drives the first rotary disk, the second rotary disk, the radial feed assembly and the nanosecond short-pulse laser to move synchronously axially, and each rolling element rolls along the outer circumference of the high-voltage cable, so that the circumferential motion of the nanosecond short-pulse laser is superimposed with the axial motion to form a spiral cut extending from the starting position to the end position of the section to be stripped;

[0040] Step S108, forming a terminating annular slit: When the current annular movable seat moves to the termination position, the axial drive motor is stopped, so that the front annular movable seat remains axially stationary, and the output laser of the nanosecond short pulse laser and the first and second rotary disks are kept rotating synchronously to form an annular slit at the termination position of the high-voltage cable insulation shielding layer.

[0041] Step S109, Stop laser cutting: Stop the laser output of the nanosecond short pulse laser and the rotary drive motor, so that the first rotary table and the second rotary table stop rotating synchronously, and rotate the adjusting screw in the opposite direction, so that the radial moving seat drives the nanosecond short pulse laser to retract radially along the high voltage cable;

[0042] Step S110, front annular movable seat reset: The axial drive motor drives the lead screw to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the lead screw nut drives the front annular movable seat to move axially in the opposite direction to step S107, and each rolling element rolls along the outer circumference of the high voltage cable until the front annular movable seat returns to the axial initial position.

[0043] Step S111, release the high-voltage cable clamp: drive the rolling clamp worm to rotate in the opposite direction by the rolling clamp drive motor, so that the second rotary table rotates relative to the first rotary table in the opposite circumferential direction to step S104; this rotation causes each front drive pin to slide in the opposite direction along the corresponding front arc drive groove, and drives each rolling chuck to move radially away from the high-voltage cable along the corresponding front radial guide groove until each rolling element separates from the high-voltage cable.

[0044] The rear drive motor drives the rear worm gear to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the rear guide plate to rotate relative to the rear annular fixed plate in the opposite circumferential direction to step S103. This rotation causes each rear drive pin to slide in the opposite direction along the corresponding rear arc drive groove, and drives each rear sliding chuck to move radially away from the high voltage cable along the corresponding rear radial guide groove.

[0045] Step S112, Remove the high-voltage cable and peel off the insulation shielding layer: Remove the high-voltage cable that has been laser-cut from the device, and peel off the insulation shielding layer of the high-voltage cable along the annular cut at the starting position, the spiral cut, and the annular cut at the ending position.

[0046] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this laser annular gradient stripping device and method for high-voltage cable insulation shielding are:

[0047] 1. This invention uses a rear-end clamping assembly to fix and clamp the high-voltage cable, and a front-end rolling clamping assembly to roll and position the high-voltage cable from multiple positions around its circumference. Specifically, when the rear-end guide plate rotates relative to the rear annular fixed plate, the cooperation of the rear-end radial guide groove, the rear-end drive pin, and the rear-end arc-shaped drive groove causes multiple rear-end sliding chucks to move radially synchronously. When the second rotary plate rotates relative to the first rotary plate, the cooperation of the front-end radial guide groove, the front-end drive pin, and the front-end arc-shaped drive groove causes multiple rolling chucks to move radially synchronously. This allows for the adaptation to high-voltage cables of different outer diameters and improves the positioning stability of the high-voltage cable during laser processing.

[0048] 2. Each rolling clamp is equipped with a rolling element at the end facing the high-voltage cable. When the front annular movable seat moves along the axial direction of the high-voltage cable, the rolling element can roll along the outer circumference of the high-voltage cable. This allows the front rolling clamping assembly to maintain the radial positioning of the high-voltage cable while reducing its motion resistance when moving axially relative to the high-voltage cable, which is beneficial for maintaining the relative position stability between the laser processing assembly and the high-voltage cable.

[0049] 3. The first rotary table is rotatably connected to the front annular movable seat, and the second rotary table is rotatably connected to the first rotary table, thus forming a two-layer rotational relationship. When the second rotary table rotates relative to the first rotary table, it can adjust the radial position of the rolling chuck; when the first rotary table rotates relative to the front annular movable seat, it can drive the second rotary table and the laser processing component mounted on the second rotary table to rotate synchronously. This allows the rolling clamping adjustment motion and the laser processing rotational motion to be achieved by different rotational relationships, which is beneficial for stably performing circumferential laser processing while maintaining the rolling clamping state.

[0050] 4. The axial feed assembly drives the front annular movable seat to move along the axial direction of the high-voltage cable, and the synchronous rotation of the first and second rotary tables drives the nanosecond short-pulse laser to move circumferentially around the axis of the high-voltage cable. This allows the axial and circumferential movements of the nanosecond short-pulse laser to be superimposed, thereby sequentially forming an annular slit at the beginning of the section to be stripped, a spiral slit extending along the axial direction of the high-voltage cable, and an annular slit at the end of the section to be stripped. This helps to improve the consistency of the cutting trajectory of the insulation shielding layer and the convenience of the stripping operation.

[0051] 5. The radial feed assembly can drive the nanosecond short pulse laser to move radially along the high-voltage cable, so as to adjust the laser emission position according to the outer diameter of the high-voltage cable and the cutting requirements of the insulation shielding layer, so that the laser focus corresponds to the predetermined cutting position of the insulation shielding layer. This helps to improve the consistency of the laser action position and cutting depth, and reduces the risk of insufficient cutting or unnecessary damage to the inner structure of the insulation shielding layer due to the deviation of the laser focus position.

[0052] 6. Using a nanosecond short-pulse laser to perform non-contact cutting on the insulation shielding layer of high-voltage cables can reduce the extrusion deformation, tensile tearing, and contact damage caused by the direct action of mechanical tools on the insulation shielding layer, which is beneficial to maintaining the structural and edge integrity of the obtained insulation shielding layer sample. Attached Figure Description

[0053] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the axial feed assembly in this invention;

[0055] Figure 3 This is a partial exploded view of the structure of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of the local structure of region A in the middle;

[0057] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention;

[0058] In the diagram: 1. Front annular movable seat; 2. Rear annular fixed plate; 3. Axial feed assembly; 31. Axial guide assembly; 311. Guide rod; 312. Sliding bearing; 32. Screw drive assembly; 321. Screw; 322. Screw nut; 33. Axial drive motor; 4. Rear end clamping assembly; 41. Rear end guide plate; 42. Rear end sliding chuck; 43. Rear end radial guide groove; 44. Rear end arc-shaped drive groove; 45. Rear end drive pin; 46. Rear end clamping drive assembly; 461. Rear end drive motor; 462. Rear end worm gear; 5. Front end rolling clamping assembly; 1. First rotary table; 52. Second rotary table; 53. Rolling chuck; 531. Rolling element; 54. Front arc-shaped drive groove; 55. Front radial guide groove; 56. Front drive pin; 57. Rolling clamping drive assembly; 571. Rolling clamping drive motor; 572. Rolling clamping worm gear; 6. Laser processing assembly; 61. Radial feed assembly; 611. Radial fixed seat; 612. Radial moving seat; 613. Adjusting screw; 62. Nanosecond short pulse laser; 7. Rotary drive assembly; 71. Rotary drive motor; 72. Rotary transmission component; 81. Ring bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] Please see Figures 1-4 The present invention provides an embodiment of a laser annular gradient stripping device for high-voltage cable insulation shielding layer, comprising a front annular movable seat 1, a rear annular fixed plate 2, an axial feed assembly 3, a rear end clamping assembly 4, a front end rolling clamping assembly 5, and a laser processing assembly 6.

[0061] The front annular movable seat 1 and the rear annular fixed plate 2 are coaxial and spaced apart along the axial direction of the high-voltage cable. The axial feed assembly 3 is located between the front annular movable seat 1 and the rear annular fixed plate 2 and is used to drive the front annular movable seat 1 to move relative to the rear annular fixed plate 2 along the axial direction of the high-voltage cable. The rear clamping assembly 4 is located on the rear annular fixed plate 2 and is used to clamp and fix the high-voltage cable.

[0062] The front-end rolling clamping assembly 5 includes a first rotary table 51, a second rotary table 52 and a plurality of rolling chucks 53. The first rotary table 51 is rotatably connected to the front annular movable seat 1. The second rotary table 52 is coaxial with the first rotary table 51 and is arranged adjacent to it along the axial direction, and is rotatably connected to the first rotary table 51.

[0063] The first rotary table 51 has multiple circumferentially extending front arc-shaped drive grooves 54, and the radial distance from different positions on each front arc-shaped drive groove 54 to the axis of the first rotary table 51 is different. The second rotary table 52 has multiple radially extending front radial guide grooves 55. Each rolling chuck 53 is slidably connected to the corresponding front radial guide groove 55. Each rolling chuck 53 is fixedly connected to a front drive pin 56, and each front drive pin 56 is slidably connected to the corresponding front arc-shaped drive groove 54. Each rolling chuck 53 has a rolling element 531 rotatably connected to the end facing the high-voltage cable.

[0064] The laser processing assembly 6 includes a radial feed assembly 61 and a nanosecond short pulse laser 62. The radial feed assembly 61 is fixedly connected to the second rotary table 52. The radial feed assembly 61 has a moving output end that moves radially along the high-voltage cable. The nanosecond short pulse laser 62 is fixedly connected to the moving output end, and the light-emitting end of the nanosecond short pulse laser 62 faces the high-voltage cable.

[0065] In this embodiment, the rolling element 531 is generally configured as a roller or a spherical wheel, which can rotate relative to the rolling chuck 53.

[0066] During operation, the high-voltage cable is placed into the rear clamping assembly 4 for clamping and fixing. The front end of the high-voltage cable passes through the front annular movable seat 1 and is located at the working position of the nanosecond short pulse laser 62. When the axial feed assembly 3 drives the front annular movable seat 1 to move forward, the rolling chuck 53 forms rolling contact with the outer circumference of the high-voltage cable, which radially limits the high-voltage cable while not forming an axial rigid constraint on the high-voltage cable.

[0067] Furthermore, the rear clamping assembly 4 includes a rear guide plate 41, a plurality of rear sliding chucks 42 and a rear clamping drive assembly 46. The rear guide plate 41 is coaxial with the rear annular fixed plate 2 and is arranged adjacent to it along the axial direction, and is rotatably connected to the rear annular fixed plate 2.

[0068] The rotatable connection between the rear guide plate 41 and the rear annular fixed plate 2 can be achieved using a conventional slewing bearing structure, such as a slewing bearing, where the rear guide plate 41 and the rear annular fixed plate 2 are respectively fixedly connected to the inner and outer rings of the slewing bearing. Alternatively, other conventional limiting rotation connection methods can be adopted, ensuring that the rear guide plate 41 and the rear annular fixed plate 2 can rotate relative to each other while preventing them from disengaging or separating.

[0069] The rear guide plate 41 has multiple radially extending rear radial guide grooves 43, and the rear annular fixed plate 2 has multiple circumferentially extending rear arc-shaped drive grooves 44. The radial distance from different positions on each rear arc-shaped drive groove 44 to the axis of the rear annular fixed plate 2 is different. Each rear sliding chuck 42 is slidably connected to the corresponding rear radial guide groove 43. Each rear sliding chuck 42 is fixedly connected to a rear drive pin 45, and each rear drive pin 45 is slidably connected to the corresponding rear arc-shaped drive groove 44.

[0070] The rear clamping drive assembly 46 includes a rear drive motor 461 and a rear worm gear 462. The rear drive motor 461 is fixedly connected to the rear annular fixed disk 2, and the rear worm gear 462 is rotatably connected to the rear annular fixed disk 2 and meshes with the teeth set on the rear guide disk 41. The output end of the rear drive motor 461 is drivenly connected to the rear worm gear 462.

[0071] When the rear guide plate 41 rotates circumferentially relative to the rear annular fixed plate 2, the rear drive pin 45 slides in the rear arc-shaped drive groove 44, driving the rear sliding chuck 42 to move radially in the rear radial guide groove 43.

[0072] Furthermore, the front-end rolling clamping assembly 5 also includes a rolling clamping drive assembly 57, which includes a rolling clamping drive motor 571 and a rolling clamping worm gear 572.

[0073] The rolling clamping drive motor 571 is fixedly connected to the first rotary table 51, the rolling clamping worm 572 is rotatably connected to the first rotary table 51 and meshes with the teeth set on the second rotary table 52, and the output end of the rolling clamping drive motor 571 is drivenly connected to the rolling clamping worm 572.

[0074] Furthermore, it also includes a rotary drive assembly 7, which includes a rotary drive motor 71 and a rotary transmission component 72;

[0075] The rotary drive motor 71 is fixedly connected to the front annular movable seat 1, the rotary transmission component 72 is rotatably connected to the front annular movable seat 1, the output end of the rotary drive motor 71 is driven by the rotary transmission component 72, and the rotary transmission component 72 is fixedly connected to the first rotary disk 51.

[0076] Furthermore, the axial feed assembly 3 includes two sets of axial guide assemblies 31, a lead screw drive assembly 32, and an axial drive motor 33;

[0077] Each axial guide assembly 31 includes a guide rod 311 and a sliding bearing 312. The guide rod 311 is fixedly connected to the rear annular fixed plate 2, and the sliding bearing 312 is fixedly connected to the front annular movable seat 1 and is slidably connected to the corresponding guide rod 311.

[0078] The lead screw drive assembly 32 includes a lead screw 321 and a lead screw nut 322. The lead screw 321 is rotatably connected to the rear annular fixed plate 2, and the lead screw nut 322 is fixedly connected to the front annular movable seat 1 and threadedly connected to the lead screw 321.

[0079] The axial drive motor 33 is fixedly connected to the rear annular fixed plate 2. The output end of the axial drive motor 33 is driven by the lead screw 321. The two guide rods 311 and the lead screw 321 are arranged at 120° intervals along the circumference centered on the axis of the high-voltage cable.

[0080] Furthermore, the first rotary table 51 is rotatably connected to the front annular movable seat 1 via annular bearing 81. The annular bearing 81 is coaxially arranged with the first rotary table 51, and the two rings of the annular bearing 81 are fixedly connected to the front annular movable seat 1 and the first rotary table 51 respectively.

[0081] Furthermore, the radial feed assembly 61 includes a radial fixed seat 611, a radial moving seat 612, and an adjusting screw 613;

[0082] The radial fixed seat 611 is fixedly connected to the second rotary table 52, the radial moving seat 612 is slidably connected to the radial fixed seat 611 along the radial direction of the second rotary table 52, and the adjusting screw 613 is rotatably connected to the radial fixed seat 611 and threadedly connected to the radial moving seat 612.

[0083] The radial moving seat 612 constitutes the moving output end of the radial feed assembly 61, and the nanosecond short pulse laser 62 is fixedly connected to the radial moving seat 612.

[0084] Furthermore, three rolling chucks 53 are provided, and the three rolling chucks 53 are arranged at 120° intervals along the circumference of the second rotary table 52.

[0085] There are three front arc-shaped drive grooves 54, three front radial guide grooves 55, and three front drive pins 56, which correspond one-to-one with the three rolling chucks 53.

[0086] Furthermore, three radial feed components 61 and three nanosecond short pulse lasers 62 are provided. The three radial feed components 61 are arranged at 120° intervals along the circumference of the second rotary disk 52, and each nanosecond short pulse laser 62 is fixedly connected to the moving output end of the corresponding radial feed component 61.

[0087] Working Principle: This device uses the rear annular fixed plate 2 as a fixed support base. The front annular movable seat 1 is coaxial with the rear annular fixed plate 2 and spaced apart along the axial direction of the high-voltage cable. The axial feed assembly 3 is located between the front annular movable seat 1 and the rear annular fixed plate 2. Two guide rods 311 are fixedly connected to the rear annular fixed plate 2, and two sliding bearings 312 are fixedly connected to the front annular movable seat 1 and slidably connected to the corresponding guide rods 311. The lead screw 321 is rotatably connected to the rear annular fixed plate 2, and the lead screw nut 322 is fixedly connected to the front annular movable seat 1 and threadedly connected to the lead screw 321. The output end of the axial drive motor 33 is driven by the lead screw 321. When the axial drive motor 33 drives the lead screw 321 to rotate, the lead screw nut 322 drives the front annular movable seat 1 to move axially along the guide rods 311, thereby driving the front rolling clamping assembly 5 and the laser processing assembly 6 mounted on the front annular movable seat 1 to move axially along the high-voltage cable.

[0088] The rear clamping assembly 4 is disposed on the rear annular fixed plate 2. The rear guide plate 41 is coaxial with and axially adjacent to the rear annular fixed plate 2, and is rotatably connected to the rear annular fixed plate 2; the rear radial guide groove 43 is disposed on the rear guide plate 41, and the rear arc-shaped drive groove 44 is disposed on the rear annular fixed plate 2. Each rear sliding chuck 42 is slidably connected to the corresponding rear radial guide groove 43, and the rear drive pin 45 on each rear sliding chuck 42 is slidably connected to the corresponding rear arc-shaped drive groove 44.

[0089] The output end of the rear drive motor 461 is connected to the rear worm gear 462, which meshes with the teeth on the rear guide plate 41. When the rear drive motor 461 drives the rear worm gear 462 to rotate, the rear guide plate 41 rotates relative to the rear annular fixed plate 2, causing relative displacement between the rear radial guide groove 43 and the rear arc-shaped drive groove 44. Under the trajectory constraint of the rear arc-shaped drive groove 44 and the radial guidance of the rear radial guide groove 43, the rear drive pin 45 drives the corresponding rear sliding chuck 42 to move radially, thereby converting the relative rotation between the rear guide plate 41 and the rear annular fixed plate 2 into synchronous radial movement of multiple rear sliding chucks 42. When the multiple rear sliding chucks 42 radially approach the high-voltage cable, they jointly clamp and fix the high-voltage cable; when the rear guide plate 41 rotates in the opposite direction, the multiple rear sliding chucks 42 synchronously move radially away from the high-voltage cable to release the clamping.

[0090] The front-end rolling clamping assembly 5 includes a first rotary table 51, a second rotary table 52, and multiple rolling chucks 53. The first rotary table 51 is rotatably connected to the front annular movable seat 1 via an annular bearing 81. The second rotary table 52 is coaxial with and axially adjacent to the first rotary table 51, and is rotatably connected to the first rotary table 51. Therefore, the front-end structure has two layers of rotational relationship: the first rotary table 51 can rotate relative to the front annular movable seat 1, and the second rotary table 52 can rotate relative to the first rotary table 51.

[0091] The rotational connection between the second rotary table 52 and the first rotary table 51 can be achieved using a conventional rotary bearing structure in the art, such as a slewing bearing, whereby the second rotary table 52 and the first rotary table 51 are fixedly connected to the inner and outer rings of the slewing bearing, respectively. Alternatively, other conventional limiting rotation connection methods can be adopted to ensure that the second rotary table 52 and the first rotary table 51 can rotate relative to each other while preventing them from detaching or separating.

[0092] A front-end arc-shaped drive groove 54 is disposed on the first rotary table 51, and a front-end radial guide groove 55 is disposed on the second rotary table 52. Each rolling chuck 53 is slidably connected to its corresponding front-end radial guide groove 55, and the front-end drive pin 56 on each rolling chuck 53 is slidably connected to its corresponding front-end arc-shaped drive groove 54. A rolling element 531 is rotatably connected to the end of each rolling chuck 53 facing the high-voltage cable.

[0093] The output end of the rolling clamping drive motor 571 is driven and connected to the rolling clamping worm 572, which meshes with the teeth on the second rotary table 52. When the rolling clamping drive motor 571 drives the rolling clamping worm 572 to rotate, the second rotary table 52 rotates relative to the first rotary table 51, causing relative displacement between the front radial guide groove 55 and the front arc-shaped drive groove 54. Under the trajectory constraint of the front arc-shaped drive groove 54 and the radial guidance of the front radial guide groove 55, the front drive pin 56 drives the rolling chuck 53 to move along the corresponding front radial guide groove 55, thereby converting the relative rotation between the first rotary table 51 and the second rotary table 52 into synchronous radial motion of multiple rolling chucks 53.

[0094] When multiple rolling clamps 53 approach the high-voltage cable radially, each rolling element 531 contacts the outer periphery of the high-voltage cable from different circumferential positions to radially position the high-voltage cable. When the front annular movable seat 1 moves axially along the high-voltage cable, each rolling element 531 rolls along the outer periphery of the high-voltage cable, allowing the front rolling clamping assembly 5 to move axially relative to the high-voltage cable while maintaining its radial positioning.

[0095] The rotary drive assembly 7 is used to generate the overall rotary motion of the first rotary disk 51 relative to the front annular movable seat 1. The rotary drive motor 71 is fixedly connected to the front annular movable seat 1, and the rotary transmission component 72 is rotatably connected to the front annular movable seat 1 and fixedly connected to the first rotary disk 51. The output end of the rotary drive motor 71 is driven by the rotary transmission component 72. When the rotary drive motor 71 drives the rotary transmission component 72 to rotate, the rotary transmission component 72 drives the first rotary disk 51 to rotate relative to the front annular movable seat 1.

[0096] After the radial position adjustment of the rolling chuck 53 is completed, and the rolling clamping drive motor 571 stops driving, the rolling clamping worm 572 maintains its current rotational position and keeps the relative circumferential position of the second rotary table 52 and the first rotary table 51 unchanged through meshing with the teeth of the second rotary table 52. Therefore, when the rotary transmission component 72 drives the first rotary table 51 to rotate, the second rotary table 52 rotates synchronously with the first rotary table 51. Thus, the rotation of the first rotary table 51 relative to the front annular movable seat 1 is used to form the overall machining rotation, and the rotation of the second rotary table 52 relative to the first rotary table 51 is used to adjust the radial position of the rolling chuck 53. The two rotational relationships perform different functions respectively.

[0097] The laser processing assembly 6 is mounted on the second rotary table 52. In this embodiment, three radial feed assemblies 61 are arranged at 120° intervals along the circumference of the second rotary table 52, and each radial feed assembly 61 is equipped with a nanosecond short-pulse laser 62. The radial fixed seat 611 of the radial feed assembly 61 is fixedly connected to the second rotary table 52, the radial moving seat 612 is slidably connected to the radial fixed seat 611, and the adjusting screw 613 is rotatably connected to the radial fixed seat 611 and threadedly connected to the radial moving seat 612. When the adjusting screw 613 is rotated, the radial moving seat 612 drives the nanosecond short-pulse laser 62 to move radially along the high-voltage cable to adjust the relative position between the laser focus of the nanosecond short-pulse laser 62 and the insulation shielding layer of the high-voltage cable.

[0098] During laser cutting, the high-voltage cable is first clamped and fixed by the rear clamping assembly 4. Then, through the relative rotation between the first rotary table 51 and the second rotary table 52, multiple rolling chucks 53 are radially brought closer to the high-voltage cable, and each rolling element 531 rolls into contact with the outer circumference of the high-voltage cable. Subsequently, the radial position of the nanosecond short-pulse laser 62 is adjusted by the radial feed assembly 61 so that the laser focus corresponds to the predetermined cutting position of the insulating shielding layer.

[0099] When the current annular movable seat 1 remains axially stationary, the rotary drive assembly 7 drives the first rotary table 51 and the second rotary table 52 to rotate synchronously. The second rotary table 52 drives the radial feed assembly 61 and the nanosecond short pulse laser 62 to move circumferentially around the axis of the high-voltage cable. The nanosecond short pulse laser 62 forms an annular cutting trajectory on the insulation shielding layer of the high-voltage cable.

[0100] As the annular movable seat 1 moves axially along the high-voltage cable under the drive of the axial feed assembly 3, the first rotary table 51, the second rotary table 52, the radial feed assembly 61, and the nanosecond short-pulse laser 62 move axially synchronously with the front annular movable seat 1. Simultaneously, the first rotary table 51 and the second rotary table 52 maintain synchronous circumferential rotation. The circumferential motion of the nanosecond short-pulse laser 62, combined with its axial motion, forms a spiral cutting trajectory extending axially on the high-voltage cable insulation shielding layer. At the starting and ending positions of the section to be stripped, the front annular movable seat 1 remains axially stationary while performing circumferential cutting, thus forming the initial and final annular cuts.

[0101] After completing the initial annular cut, spiral cut, and final annular cut, the laser output of the nanosecond short-pulse laser 62 and the synchronous rotation of the first rotary table 51 and the second rotary table 52 are stopped. The nanosecond short-pulse laser 62 is radially retracted by the radial feed assembly 61, and the front annular movable seat 1 is returned to its initial axial position by the axial feed assembly 3. Subsequently, the second rotary table 52 is rotated in the opposite direction relative to the first rotary table 51, so that each rolling chuck 53 is radially moved away from the high-voltage cable, and the rear guide plate 41 is rotated in the opposite direction relative to the rear annular fixed plate 2, so that each rear sliding chuck 42 releases its grip on the high-voltage cable. Finally, the high-voltage cable is removed, and the insulation shielding layer is peeled off along the formed cuts.

[0102] Please see Figure 5 The present invention provides an embodiment of a laser annular gradient stripping method for the insulation shielding layer of a high-voltage cable.

[0103] Step S101, device reset: the front annular movable seat 1 is positioned in the initial axial position, the nanosecond short pulse laser 62 is positioned in the radial retraction position, and the rear sliding chuck 42 and rolling chuck 53 are positioned in the radial opening position respectively.

[0104] Step S102, inserting the high-voltage cable: pass the high-voltage cable with the insulation shield layer to be stripped through the rear end of the device in sequence through the central area of ​​the rear guide plate 41, the rear annular fixed plate 2, the front annular movable seat 1, the first rotary plate 51 and the second rotary plate 52, and adjust the axial position of the high-voltage cable so that the section of the high-voltage cable to be stripped corresponds to the axial movement range of the nanosecond short pulse laser 62.

[0105] Step S103, fixing and clamping the high-voltage cable: The rear drive motor 461 drives the rear worm gear 462 to rotate. The rear worm gear 462 meshes with the teeth of the rear guide plate 41, driving the rear guide plate 41 to rotate circumferentially relative to the rear annular fixed plate 2. When the rear guide plate 41 rotates, the rear radial guide groove 43 moves circumferentially relative to the rear arc drive groove 44, causing each rear drive pin 45 to slide along the corresponding rear arc drive groove 44, and driving each rear sliding chuck 42 to radially approach the high-voltage cable along the corresponding rear radial guide groove 43, until multiple rear sliding chucks 42 jointly clamp and fix the high-voltage cable.

[0106] Step S104, Rolling clamping of high-voltage cable: The rolling clamping drive motor 571 drives the rolling clamping worm 572 to rotate. The rolling clamping worm 572 engages with the teeth of the second rotary table 52, driving the second rotary table 52 to rotate circumferentially relative to the first rotary table 51. When the second rotary table 52 rotates, the front radial guide groove 55 moves circumferentially relative to the front arc drive groove 54, causing each front drive pin 56 to slide along the corresponding front arc drive groove 54, and driving each rolling chuck 53 to radially approach the high-voltage cable along the corresponding front radial guide groove 55, until each rolling element 531 makes rolling contact with the outer periphery of the high-voltage cable.

[0107] Step S105, adjust the laser cutting position: rotate the adjusting screw 613 of the radial feed assembly 61 so that the radial moving seat 612, which is threadedly connected to the adjusting screw 613, moves radially relative to the radial fixed seat 611 along the high voltage cable. The radial moving seat 612 drives the nanosecond short pulse laser 62 to move radially so that the laser focus of the nanosecond short pulse laser 62 corresponds to the predetermined cutting position of the insulation shielding layer of the high voltage cable.

[0108] Step S106, forming the initial annular slit: Keep the front annular movable seat 1 axially stationary, start the nanosecond short pulse laser 62 and the rotary drive motor 71. The rotary drive motor 71 drives the first rotary disk 51 to rotate circumferentially around the high-voltage cable axis relative to the front annular movable seat 1 through the rotary transmission component 72; the second rotary disk 52 maintains the relative circumferential position of the first rotary disk 51 and rotates synchronously, so that the second rotary disk 52 drives the nanosecond short pulse laser 62 to move circumferentially around the high-voltage cable axis through the radial feed component 61, so as to form an annular slit at the starting position of the section of the high-voltage cable insulation shield to be stripped;

[0109] Step S107, forming a spiral cut: The nanosecond short-pulse laser 62 is kept outputting laser light, and the first rotary table 51 and the second rotary table 52 are kept rotating synchronously. The lead screw 321 is driven to rotate by the axial drive motor 33, so that the lead screw nut 322 threadedly connected to the lead screw 321 drives the front annular movable seat 1 to move axially along the high-voltage cable, and the sliding bearing 312 fixedly connected to the front annular movable seat 1 slides along the corresponding guide rod 311 respectively. The front annular movable seat 1 drives the first rotary table 51, the second rotary table 52, the radial feed assembly 61 and the nanosecond short-pulse laser 62 to move axially synchronously. Each rolling element 531 rolls along the outer circumference of the high-voltage cable, so that the circumferential movement of the nanosecond short-pulse laser 62 is superimposed with the axial movement to form a spiral cut extending from the starting position to the end position of the section to be stripped.

[0110] Step S108, forming a terminating annular slit: When the current annular movable seat 1 moves to the termination position, the axial drive motor 33 is stopped, so that the front annular movable seat 1 remains axially stationary, and the nanosecond short pulse laser 62 outputs laser and the first rotary disk 51 and the second rotary disk 52 rotate synchronously to form an annular slit at the termination position of the high-voltage cable insulation shielding layer.

[0111] Step S109, Stop laser cutting: Stop the laser output of the nanosecond short pulse laser 62 and the rotary drive motor 71, so that the first rotary table 51 and the second rotary table 52 stop rotating synchronously, and rotate the adjusting screw 613 in the opposite direction, so that the radial moving seat 612 drives the nanosecond short pulse laser 62 to retract radially along the high voltage cable.

[0112] Step S110, front annular movable seat reset: the axial drive motor 33 drives the lead screw 321 to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the lead screw nut 322 drives the front annular movable seat 1 to move axially in the opposite direction to step S107, and each rolling element 531 rolls along the outer circumference of the high voltage cable until the front annular movable seat 1 returns to the initial axial position.

[0113] Step S111, release the high-voltage cable clamp: the rolling clamping drive motor 571 drives the rolling clamping worm 572 to rotate in the opposite direction to the first rotating disk 51, so that the second rotary disk 52 rotates relative to the first rotary disk 51 in the opposite circumferential direction to step S104; this rotation causes each front drive pin 56 to slide in the opposite direction along the corresponding front arc drive groove 54, and drives each rolling chuck 53 to move radially away from the high-voltage cable along the corresponding front radial guide groove 55, until each rolling element 531 separates from the high-voltage cable;

[0114] The rear drive motor 461 drives the rear worm gear 462 to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the rear guide plate 41 to rotate relative to the rear annular fixed plate 2 in the circumferential direction opposite to that in step S103. This rotation causes each rear drive pin 45 to slide in the opposite direction along the corresponding rear arc drive groove 44, and drives each rear sliding chuck 42 to move radially away from the high voltage cable along the corresponding rear radial guide groove 43.

[0115] Step S112, Remove the high-voltage cable and peel off the insulation shield: Remove the laser-cut high-voltage cable from the device and peel off the insulation shield of the high-voltage cable along the annular cut at the starting position, the spiral cut, and the annular cut at the ending position.

[0116] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A laser annular gradient stripping device for the insulation shielding layer of a high-voltage cable, characterized in that, It includes a front annular movable seat (1), a rear annular fixed plate (2), an axial feed assembly (3), a rear clamping assembly (4), a front rolling clamping assembly (5), and a laser processing assembly (6). The front annular movable seat (1) and the rear annular fixed plate (2) are coaxial and spaced apart along the axial direction of the high-voltage cable. The axial feed assembly (3) is disposed between the front annular movable seat (1) and the rear annular fixed plate (2) and is used to drive the front annular movable seat (1) to move relative to the rear annular fixed plate (2) along the axial direction of the high-voltage cable. The rear end clamping assembly (4) is disposed on the rear annular fixed plate (2) and is used to clamp and fix the high-voltage cable. The front-end rolling clamping assembly (5) includes a first rotary table (51), a second rotary table (52) and a plurality of rolling chucks (53). The first rotary table (51) is rotatably connected to the front annular movable seat (1). The second rotary table (52) is coaxial with the first rotary table (51) and is arranged adjacent to it along the axial direction, and is rotatably connected to the first rotary table (51). The first rotary table (51) has multiple circumferentially extending front arc-shaped drive grooves (54), and the radial distance from different positions on each front arc-shaped drive groove (54) to the axis of the first rotary table (51) is different. The second rotary table (52) has multiple radially extending front radial guide grooves (55). Each rolling chuck (53) is slidably connected to the corresponding front radial guide groove (55). Each rolling chuck (53) is fixedly connected to a front drive pin (56), and each front drive pin (56) is slidably connected to the corresponding front arc-shaped drive groove (54). Each rolling chuck (53) has a rolling element (531) rotatably connected to the end facing the high-voltage cable. The laser processing assembly (6) includes a radial feed assembly (61) and a nanosecond short pulse laser (62). The radial feed assembly (61) is fixedly connected to the second rotary table (52). The radial feed assembly (61) has a movable output end that moves radially along the high-voltage cable. The nanosecond short pulse laser (62) is fixedly connected to the movable output end, and the light-emitting end of the nanosecond short pulse laser (62) faces the high-voltage cable.

2. The laser annular gradient stripping device for high-voltage cable insulation shielding layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear clamping assembly (4) includes a rear guide plate (41), a plurality of rear sliding chucks (42) and a rear clamping drive assembly (46). The rear guide plate (41) is coaxial with the rear annular fixed plate (2) and is arranged adjacent to it along the axial direction, and is rotatably connected to the rear annular fixed plate (2). The rear guide plate (41) is provided with a plurality of radially extending rear radial guide grooves (43), and the rear annular fixed plate (2) is provided with a plurality of circumferentially extending rear arc drive grooves (44). The radial distance from different positions on each of the rear arc drive grooves (44) to the axis of the rear annular fixed plate (2) is different. Each of the rear sliding chucks (42) is slidably connected to the corresponding rear radial guide groove (43). Each of the rear sliding chucks (42) is fixedly connected to a rear drive pin (45), and each of the rear drive pins (45) is slidably connected to the corresponding rear arc drive groove (44). The rear clamping drive assembly (46) includes a rear drive motor (461) and a rear worm gear (462). The rear drive motor (461) is fixedly connected to the rear annular fixed disk (2). The rear worm gear (462) is rotatably connected to the rear annular fixed disk (2) and meshes with the teeth set on the rear guide disk (41). The output end of the rear drive motor (461) is drivenly connected to the rear worm gear (462).

3. The laser annular gradient stripping device for high-voltage cable insulation shielding layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front-end rolling clamping assembly (5) further includes a rolling clamping drive assembly (57), which includes a rolling clamping drive motor (571) and a rolling clamping worm (572). The rolling clamping drive motor (571) is fixedly connected to the first rotary table (51), the rolling clamping worm (572) is rotatably connected to the first rotary table (51) and meshes with the teeth set on the second rotary table (52), and the output end of the rolling clamping drive motor (571) is drivenly connected to the rolling clamping worm (572).

4. The laser annular gradient stripping device for high-voltage cable insulation shielding layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a rotary drive assembly (7), which includes a rotary drive motor (71) and a rotary transmission component (72). The rotary drive motor (71) is fixedly connected to the front annular movable seat (1), the rotary transmission component (72) is rotatably connected to the front annular movable seat (1), the output end of the rotary drive motor (71) is drivenly connected to the rotary transmission component (72), and the rotary transmission component (72) is fixedly connected to the first rotary disk (51).

5. The laser annular gradient stripping device for high-voltage cable insulation shielding layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial feed assembly (3) includes two sets of axial guide assemblies (31), a lead screw drive assembly (32), and an axial drive motor (33). Each of the axial guide components (31) includes a guide rod (311) and a sliding bearing (312). The guide rod (311) is fixedly connected to the rear annular fixed plate (2), and the sliding bearing (312) is fixedly connected to the front annular movable seat (1) and slidably connected to the corresponding guide rod (311). The lead screw drive assembly (32) includes a lead screw (321) and a lead screw nut (322). The lead screw (321) is rotatably connected to the rear annular fixed plate (2), and the lead screw nut (322) is fixedly connected to the front annular movable seat (1) and threadedly connected to the lead screw (321). The axial drive motor (33) is fixedly connected to the rear annular fixed plate (2), and the output end of the axial drive motor (33) is driven to be connected to the lead screw (321). The two guide rods (311) and the lead screw (321) are arranged at 120° intervals along the circumference centered on the high voltage cable axis.

6. The laser annular gradient stripping device for high-voltage cable insulation shielding layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first rotary table (51) is rotatably connected to the front annular movable seat (1) via an annular bearing (81). The annular bearing (81) is coaxially arranged with the first rotary table (51). The two rings of the annular bearing (81) are fixedly connected to the front annular movable seat (1) and the first rotary table (51) respectively.

7. The laser annular gradient stripping device for high-voltage cable insulation shielding layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radial feed assembly (61) includes a radial fixed seat (611), a radial moving seat (612), and an adjusting screw (613). The radial fixed seat (611) is fixedly connected to the second rotary disk (52), the radial moving seat (612) is slidably connected to the radial fixed seat (611) along the radial direction of the second rotary disk (52), the adjusting screw (613) is rotatably connected to the radial fixed seat (611) and threadedly connected to the radial moving seat (612). The radial moving seat (612) constitutes the moving output end of the radial feed assembly (61), and the nanosecond short pulse laser (62) is fixedly connected to the radial moving seat (612).

8. The laser annular gradient stripping device for high-voltage cable insulation shielding layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three rolling chucks (53) are arranged at 120° intervals along the circumference of the second rotary table (52); The front arc-shaped drive groove (54), the front radial guide groove (55) and the front drive pin (56) are each provided in three parts, and each part corresponds to one of the three rolling chucks (53).

9. The laser annular gradient stripping device for high-voltage cable insulation shielding layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are three radial feed components (61) and three nanosecond short pulse lasers (62). The three radial feed components (61) are arranged at 120° intervals along the circumference of the second rotary disk (52). Each nanosecond short pulse laser (62) is fixedly connected to the moving output end of the corresponding radial feed component (61).

10. A laser-based annular gradient stripping method for the insulation shielding layer of a high-voltage cable, characterized in that, include: Step S101, device reset: Position the front annular movable seat (1) in the initial axial position, position the nanosecond short pulse laser (62) in the radial retraction position, and position the rear sliding chuck (42) and rolling chuck (53) in the radial opening position respectively; Step S102, inserting the high-voltage cable: pass the high-voltage cable with the insulation shield layer to be stripped through the rear end of the device in sequence through the central area of ​​the rear guide plate (41), the rear annular fixed plate (2), the front annular movable seat (1), the first rotary plate (51) and the second rotary plate (52), and adjust the axial position of the high-voltage cable so that the section of the high-voltage cable to be stripped corresponds to the axial movement range of the nanosecond short pulse laser (62); Step S103, fixing and clamping the high-voltage cable: the rear drive motor (461) drives the rear worm (462) to rotate. The rear worm (462) meshes with the teeth of the rear guide disk (41) to drive the rear guide disk (41) to rotate circumferentially relative to the rear annular fixed disk (2). When the rear guide disk (41) rotates, the rear radial guide groove (43) moves circumferentially relative to the rear arc drive groove (44), so that each rear drive pin (45) slides along the corresponding rear arc drive groove (44) and drives each rear sliding chuck (42) to radially approach the high-voltage cable along the corresponding rear radial guide groove (43) until multiple rear sliding chucks (42) clamp and fix the high-voltage cable together. Step S104, rolling clamping of high voltage cable: The rolling clamping drive motor (571) drives the rolling clamping worm (572) to rotate. The rolling clamping worm (572) meshes with the teeth of the second rotary table (52) to drive the second rotary table (52) to rotate circumferentially relative to the first rotary table (51). When the second rotary table (52) rotates, the front radial guide groove (55) moves circumferentially relative to the front arc drive groove (54), so that each front drive pin (56) slides along the corresponding front arc drive groove (54) and drives each rolling chuck (53) to move radially closer to the high voltage cable along the corresponding front radial guide groove (55) until each rolling element (531) makes rolling contact with the outer periphery of the high voltage cable. Step S105, adjust the laser cutting position: rotate the adjusting screw (613) of the radial feed assembly (61) so that the radial moving seat (612) threadedly connected to the adjusting screw (613) moves radially relative to the radial fixed seat (611) along the high-voltage cable. The radial moving seat (612) drives the nanosecond short pulse laser (62) to move radially so that the laser focus of the nanosecond short pulse laser (62) corresponds to the predetermined cutting position of the insulation shielding layer of the high-voltage cable. Step S106, forming the initial annular slit: Keep the front annular movable seat (1) axially stationary, start the nanosecond short pulse laser (62) and the rotary drive motor (71), the rotary drive motor (71) drives the first rotary disk (51) to rotate circumferentially around the high-voltage cable axis relative to the front annular movable seat (1) through the rotary transmission component (72); the second rotary disk (52) maintains the relative circumferential position of the first rotary disk (51) and rotates synchronously, so that the second rotary disk (52) drives the nanosecond short pulse laser (62) to move circumferentially around the high-voltage cable axis through the radial feed component (61) to form an annular slit at the starting position of the section of the high-voltage cable insulation shield to be stripped; Step S107, forming a spiral cut: Keep the nanosecond short pulse laser (62) outputting laser, and keep the first rotary table (51) and the second rotary table (52) rotating synchronously. Drive the lead screw (321) to rotate through the axial drive motor (33), so that the lead screw nut (322) threadedly connected to the lead screw (321) drives the front annular movable seat (1) to move along the axial direction of the high voltage cable, and causes the sliding bearing (312) fixedly connected to the front annular movable seat (1) to slide along the corresponding guide rod (311); the front annular movable seat (1) drives the first rotary table (51), the second rotary table (52), the radial feed assembly (61) and the nanosecond short pulse laser (62) to move axially synchronously, and each rolling element (531) rolls along the outer periphery of the high voltage cable, so that the circumferential movement of the nanosecond short pulse laser (62) is superimposed with the axial movement to form a spiral cut extending from the starting position to the end position of the section to be stripped; Step S108, forming a termination annular slit: When the current annular movable seat (1) moves to the termination position, the axial drive motor (33) is stopped, so that the front annular movable seat (1) remains axially stationary, and the output laser of the nanosecond short pulse laser (62) and the first rotary disk (51) and the second rotary disk (52) are kept rotating synchronously to form an annular slit at the termination position of the high-voltage cable insulation shielding layer; Step S109, stop laser cutting: stop the laser output of the nanosecond short pulse laser (62) and the rotary drive motor (71), so that the first rotary table (51) and the second rotary table (52) stop rotating synchronously, and rotate the adjusting screw (613) in the opposite direction, so that the radial moving seat (612) drives the nanosecond short pulse laser (62) to retract radially along the high voltage cable; Step S110, front annular movable seat reset: the axial drive motor (33) drives the lead screw (321) to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the lead screw nut (322) drives the front annular movable seat (1) to move axially in the opposite direction to step S107, and each rolling element (531) rolls along the outer periphery of the high voltage cable until the front annular movable seat (1) returns to the axial initial position. Step S111, release the high-voltage cable clamp: the rolling clamp drive motor (571) drives the rolling clamp worm (572) to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the second rotary table (52) rotates relative to the first rotary table (51) in the circumferential direction opposite to that in step S104; this rotation causes each front drive pin (56) to slide in the opposite direction along the corresponding front arc drive groove (54), and drives each rolling chuck (53) to move radially away from the high-voltage cable along the corresponding front radial guide groove (55) until each rolling element (531) separates from the high-voltage cable; The rear drive motor (461) drives the rear worm (462) to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the rear guide plate (41) to rotate relative to the rear annular fixed plate (2) in the circumferential direction opposite to that in step S103; this rotation causes each rear drive pin (45) to slide in the opposite direction along the corresponding rear arc drive groove (44), and drives each rear sliding chuck (42) to move radially away from the high voltage cable along the corresponding rear radial guide groove (43). Step S112, Remove the high-voltage cable and peel off the insulation shielding layer: Remove the high-voltage cable that has been laser-cut from the device, and peel off the insulation shielding layer of the high-voltage cable along the annular cut at the starting position, the spiral cut, and the annular cut at the ending position.

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