Explosion-proof motor based on phase change heat pipe temperature equalization and aerodynamic disturbance
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202610956121.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-06-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-11
AI Technical Summary
[0003]然而，现有技术中的全封闭防爆电机在热管理设计上长期存在两大核心技术缺陷，严重制约了设备的使用寿命与功率密度上限的突破：
[0016]作为优化，前述的基于相变热管均温与气动扰流的防爆电机中，所述盲孔沿定子的径向开设，并精准对准定子槽底方向，且所述盲孔为底部不贯穿定子的盲孔结构，其底部与定子的槽底之间留有实体保护层；所述相变热管采用热胀冷缩工艺过盈插装在盲孔中。此结构，保证了电机核心绝缘体系的绝对安全且不被机械破坏；且采用冷缩热胀工艺过盈配合，能保证相变热管与盲孔内壁之间有非常紧密的接触，最大程度地降低两者之间的接触热阻。
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Figure CN122740501A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of motor technology, specifically to an explosion-proof motor based on phase change heat pipe temperature equalization and aerodynamic turbulence. Background Technology
[0002] As the core drive equipment in heavy industrial production lines, explosion-proof motors, with their extremely thick, high-strength explosion-proof shells, can effectively isolate potential internal electrical sparks from external explosive gases (such as methane and volatile chemicals) through a fully enclosed physical isolation. Their safety and reliability have been widely recognized by the industry.
[0003] However, existing fully enclosed explosion-proof motors have long suffered from two major technical defects in thermal management design, which severely restrict the breakthrough of equipment service life and power density limits:
[0004] ① Deep heat dissipation is difficult, and contact thermal resistance is extremely high. The stator slot bottom and tooth root area are the core heat source areas where the motor generates the most heat, but the internal heat must pass through the thick cast iron explosion-proof housing to be transferred to the external environment. If a hole is directly drilled through the stator slot bottom area, the core of the heat generation, for heat conduction, it will severely damage the insulation structure of the stator slot, which can easily cause safety hazards such as grounding short circuits in the enameled wires. This contradicts the highest safety requirements for explosion-proof motors. At the same time, to ensure structural stability, the stator core and the inner wall of the explosion-proof housing are usually assembled with an interference fit; however, the microscopic air gaps at the contact surface between the two constitute extremely high "contact thermal resistance," forming a significant thermal barrier. This causes a large amount of heat generated inside the stator to accumulate here, and it cannot be efficiently conducted to the housing.
[0005] ② There are heat dissipation dead zones at the winding ends, leading to severe localized overheating. The air inside the explosion-proof motor is in a closed state, unable to exchange with the outside. The stator winding ends extending from both ends of the iron core generate significant heat and have a complex shape. In the motor's traditional internal circulation airflow path, this area is often a stagnant zone with extremely low airflow velocity. The stagnant hot air adheres tightly to the surface of the winding ends, forming a highly insulating "hot air boundary layer," drastically reducing the convective heat transfer capacity at this point. This makes the winding ends highly susceptible to localized thermal breakdown and significantly accelerates the thermal aging process of the insulation material, making it a weak link affecting the motor's reliability and service life. Summary of the Invention
[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this application provides an explosion-proof motor based on phase change heat pipe temperature equalization and aerodynamic turbulence. This explosion-proof motor, based on phase change heat pipe temperature equalization and aerodynamic turbulence, achieves efficient coordination between solid-state conduction and fluid turbulence through a specific structural design: the solid-state conduction network solves the bottleneck of heat conduction across the explosion-proof shell in the core area, while the aerodynamic turbulence device completely eliminates thermal dead zones within the cavity, forming a virtuous cycle of internal airflow and external heat dissipation; thus, it solves the core defect of limited power density in existing fully enclosed explosion-proof motors, improving the reliability and lifespan of the explosion-proof motor.
[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, this application provides the following technical solution:
[0008] An explosion-proof motor based on phase change heat pipe temperature equalization and aerodynamic turbulence includes a housing assembly. The housing assembly has a columnar integrated fully enclosed structure, with a stator solid-state superconducting heat dissipation device and a rotor aerodynamic turbulence and internal circulation device inside. The stator solid-state superconducting heat dissipation device is used to efficiently conduct the core heat inside the stator to the inner wall of the housing. The stator has a set of blind holes inside, and a phase change heat pipe is installed inside the blind holes, with the hot end of the phase change heat pipe facing the inside of the stator. A set of strip-shaped temperature equalization plates is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the stator, and the cold end of the phase change heat pipe abuts against the strip-shaped temperature equalization plates to form a heat conduction structure. The rotor aerodynamic turbulence and internal circulation device includes a rotor core fixed on the rotor shaft, and an internal circulation fan is provided on the non-driving end of the rotor shaft. The rotor core has rotor end rings for pressing guide bars at both ends, and a set of turbulence columns is provided on the outer end face of the rotor end rings.
[0009] When the explosion-proof motor based on phase change heat pipe temperature equalization and aerodynamic turbulence of this invention is working, the deep windings of the stator generate huge copper loss heat. This high-density heat instantly passes through the interior of the stator, activating the phase change heat pipe in the blind hole, causing the heat transfer medium inside the phase change heat pipe to undergo violent boiling and vaporization. The heat, in the form of latent heat of vaporization, rapidly rushes radially to the periphery of the stator and directly impacts the strip-shaped temperature equalization plate. At this time, the originally concentrated "point-like" extreme heat load instantly undergoes two-dimensional gas-liquid phase change diffusion inside the strip-shaped temperature equalization plate and is evenly spread across the entire axial length of the stator's outer surface. This extremely uniform planar heat flow can be seamlessly conducted. Crossing the microscopic assembly interface, the heat transfer system enters the relatively cold housing components to complete heat conduction. While the phase change heat pipe performs solid-state heat extraction, the motor shaft drives the internal circulation fan to rotate at high speed coaxially, providing powerful circulation power for the air in the explosion-proof sealed chamber. This internal airflow is driven to blow towards the end coil areas at both ends of the stator windings, where the heat is most intense. Under the intervention of the turbulence column, micro-turbulent vortices are formed, tearing apart the viscous, static hot air layer in the end coil area. The surface convective heat transfer coefficient of the end windings increases exponentially, and the locally accumulated heat is forcibly drawn into the mainstream circulating air, thereby conducting to the housing components for heat dissipation.
[0010] As an optimization, in the aforementioned explosion-proof motor based on phase change heat pipe temperature equalization and aerodynamic turbulence, the cross-section of the turbulence column is an asymmetrical streamlined airfoil structure. This shape allows it to maintain extremely low wind resistance while disrupting the boundary layer and inducing eddies.
[0011] As an optimization, in the aforementioned explosion-proof motor based on phase change heat pipe temperature equalization and aerodynamic turbulence, the turbulence column includes a blunt leading edge facing the wind and a sharp trailing edge leeward. The central axis of the turbulence column is parallel to the rotation tangent of the rotor end ring, and the blunt leading edge faces the forward rotation direction of the motor. The sharp trailing edge of this structure can continuously and stably generate a "Karman vortex street" behind it. This periodic vortex is a powerful fluid dynamics tool for efficiently breaking the thermal boundary layer and forcing heat transfer, thereby significantly improving heat dissipation efficiency.
[0012] As an optimization, in the aforementioned explosion-proof motor based on phase change heat pipe temperature equalization and aerodynamic turbulence, the turbulence columns are uniformly arrayed along the end face of the rotor end ring. This structure ensures uniform airflow turbulence without dead zones, achieving global thermal equilibrium within the fully enclosed cavity.
[0013] As an optimization, in the aforementioned explosion-proof motor based on phase change heat pipe temperature equalization and aerodynamic turbulence, the housing assembly includes a housing, a front cover plate, a rear cover plate, and heat dissipation fins disposed on the outer surface of the housing. One end of the housing is also equipped with a cooling fan and an air guide shroud. The cooling fan is located at the end of the rotor shaft extending beyond the rear cover plate and is completely covered by the air guide shroud, providing external forced cooling airflow to the housing. The housing is also equipped with an explosion-proof junction box for the safe introduction of external power. This structure, after the cooling fan draws in ambient cold air and guides it directionally by the air guide shroud, continuously provides external forced cooling airflow parallel to the axial direction to the heat dissipation fins on the outer surface of the housing, achieving external heat dissipation and forming a complete internal and external heat dissipation closed loop with the internal heat dissipation system.
[0014] As an optimization, in the aforementioned explosion-proof motor based on phase change heat pipe temperature equalization and aerodynamic turbulence, the stator solid-state superconducting heat dissipation device is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the casing. The interference fit allows the outer surface of the solid-state superconducting heat dissipation device to achieve a tight, gapless fit with the inner wall of the casing, preventing heat from accumulating at the contact surface and significantly improving the overall heat transfer efficiency.
[0015] As an optimization, in the aforementioned explosion-proof motor based on phase change heat pipe temperature equalization and aerodynamic turbulence, a set of axially embedded grooves are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the stator for installing and limiting the strip-shaped temperature equalization plate; the outer peripheral surface of the strip-shaped temperature equalization plate and the outer peripheral surface of the stator are on the same cylindrical surface. This structure ensures that the strip-shaped temperature equalization plate does not bear any compressive or destructive stress under the protection of the axially embedded grooves, while simultaneously guaranteeing the efficient and lossless transfer of heat from the stator to the shell.
[0016] As an optimization, in the aforementioned explosion-proof motor based on phase change heat pipe temperature equalization and aerodynamic turbulence, the blind hole is opened radially along the stator and precisely aligned with the bottom of the stator slot. The blind hole has a structure where the bottom does not penetrate the stator, and a solid protective layer is left between its bottom and the bottom of the stator slot. The phase change heat pipe is interference-fitted into the blind hole using a thermal expansion and contraction process. This structure ensures the absolute safety of the motor's core insulation system and prevents mechanical damage. Furthermore, the interference fit using thermal expansion and contraction ensures a very tight contact between the phase change heat pipe and the inner wall of the blind hole, minimizing the contact thermal resistance between them.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: ① The blind hole heat pipe combines heat conduction and insulation. The use of a non-penetrating radial blind hole in conjunction with the phase change heat pipe ensures the insulation and explosion-proof safety of the stator slots, and the heat transfer path directly reaches the heat-generating core, effectively dissipating deep heat; ② The use of a heat spreader plate solves the contact thermal resistance problem. The outer circle of the stator adopts an embedded heat spreader plate, which cleverly avoids the squeezing interference of the interference fit. It can quickly and evenly distribute the local heat dissipated by the phase change heat pipe, and significantly reduce the contact thermal resistance of the inner wall of the casing; ③ The rotor end ring introduces an airfoil-shaped turbulence column. Its streamlined design effectively reduces internal wind resistance. At the same time, with the help of the Karman vortex street effect generated by the sharp trailing edge, the hot air boundary layer at the winding end is continuously broken, improving local overheating. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion-proof motor based on phase change heat pipe temperature equalization and aerodynamic turbulence in this application;
[0019] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view;
[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the middle section structure;
[0021] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 The left view;
[0022] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A cross-sectional view;
[0023] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the middle part of the structure.
[0024] The labels in the attached diagram are as follows: 1-Casing assembly, 11-Casing, 12-Front cover, 13-Rear cover, 14-Heat dissipation fins, 15-Cooling fan, 16-Air guide shroud, 17-Explosion-proof junction box; 2-Stator solid-state superconducting heat dissipation device, 21-Stator, 211-Blind hole, 212-Axial embedding groove, 22-Phase change heat pipe, 23-Strip heat spreader; 3-Rotor aerodynamic turbulence and internal circulation device, 31-Rotor shaft, 32-Rotor core, 33-Internal circulation fan, 34-Rotor end ring, 35-Turbulence column, 351-Blunt leading edge, 352-Sharp tail edge. Detailed Implementation
[0025] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but this should not be construed as limiting the present application. In the following embodiments, content not described in detail or shown in detail in the accompanying drawings is common knowledge in the art.
[0026] Example (see) Figures 1-6 ):
[0027] An explosion-proof motor based on phase change heat pipe temperature equalization and aerodynamic turbulence includes a housing assembly 1. The housing assembly 1 has a columnar integrated fully enclosed structure, and its interior is equipped with a stator solid-state superconducting heat dissipation device 2 and a rotor aerodynamic turbulence and internal circulation device 3. The stator solid-state superconducting heat dissipation device 2 is used to efficiently conduct the core heat inside the stator 21 to the inner wall of the housing. The stator 21 has a set of blind holes 211 inside, and a phase change heat pipe 22 is installed inside the blind holes 211, with the hot end of the phase change heat pipe 22 facing the stator 211. The stator 21 has a set of strip-shaped heat spreaders 23 on its outer circumferential surface. The cold end of the phase change heat pipe 22 abuts against the strip-shaped heat spreaders 23 to form a heat conduction structure. The rotor aerodynamic turbulence and internal circulation device 3 includes a rotor core 32 fixed on the rotor shaft 31. An internal circulation fan 33 is provided on the non-driving end of the rotor shaft 31. The rotor core 32 has rotor end rings 34 for pressing guide bars at both ends. A set of turbulence columns 35 is provided on the outer end surface of the rotor end rings 34.
[0028] In this embodiment, the cross-section of the turbulence column 35 is an asymmetrical streamlined airfoil structure. This shape allows it to maintain extremely low wind resistance while disrupting the boundary layer and inducing eddies, avoiding additional power consumption and aerodynamic temperature rise caused by adding heat dissipation structures, thus achieving a balance between "efficient heat dissipation" and "energy-saving operation".
[0029] In this embodiment, the turbulence column 35 includes a blunt leading edge 351 facing the wind and a sharp trailing edge 352 leeward. The central axis of the turbulence column 35 is parallel to the rotational tangent of the rotor end ring 34, and the blunt leading edge 351 faces the forward rotation direction of the motor. This orientation of the structure allows the streamlined body to cut through the airflow, resulting in lower wind resistance. Furthermore, the sharp trailing edge 352 can continuously and stably generate a "Karman vortex street" behind it. This periodic vortex is a powerful fluid dynamics tool for efficiently breaking the thermal boundary layer and forcing heat transfer, thereby significantly improving heat dissipation efficiency.
[0030] In this embodiment, the turbulence columns 35 are uniformly arrayed along the end face of the rotor end ring 34. This structure ensures that the airflow disturbance is uniform and without dead zones along the entire circumferential and axial directions of the winding end, preventing the formation of "new hot zones" in local locations due to uneven turbulence, and achieving global thermal balance inside the fully enclosed cavity.
[0031] In this embodiment, the housing assembly 1 includes a housing 11, a front cover plate 12, a rear cover plate 13, and heat dissipation fins 14 disposed on the outer surface of the housing 11. One end of the housing 11 is also provided with a cooling fan 15 and an air guide shroud 16. The cooling fan 15 is located at the end of the rotor shaft 31 extending out of the rear cover plate 13 and is completely covered by the air guide shroud 16, providing external forced cooling airflow to the housing 11. The housing 11 is also provided with an explosion-proof junction box 17 for the safe introduction of external power. This structure, after the cooling fan 15 draws in ambient cool air and guides it directionally by the air guide shroud 16, continuously provides external forced cooling airflow parallel to the axial direction to the heat dissipation fins 14 on the outer surface of the housing 11, achieving external heat dissipation and forming a complete internal and external heat dissipation closed loop with the internal heat dissipation system.
[0032] In this embodiment, the stator solid-state superconducting heat dissipation device 2 is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the housing 11. The interference fit allows the outer surface of the solid-state superconducting heat dissipation device 2 to fit tightly against the inner wall of the housing 11 without gaps, eliminating microscopic air gaps between the contact surfaces. This allows the heat dissipated by the superconducting heat dissipation device to be directly and efficiently transferred to the housing 11, preventing heat accumulation at the contact surfaces and significantly improving the overall heat conduction efficiency.
[0033] In this embodiment, a set of axially fitted grooves 212 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the stator 21 for installing and limiting the strip-shaped heat spreader 23; the outer peripheral surface of the strip-shaped heat spreader 23 and the outer peripheral surface of the stator 21 are on the same cylindrical surface. This structure, by fitting the strip-shaped heat spreader 23 into the axially fitted grooves 212 of the stator 21 so that it coincides with the outer peripheral surface of the stator 21, ensures that the strip-shaped heat spreader 26 does not bear any compressive or destructive stress under the protection of the axially fitted grooves 212, while at the same time ensuring the efficient and lossless transfer of heat from the stator 21 to the housing 11.
[0034] In this embodiment, the blind hole 211 is opened radially along the stator 21 and precisely aligned with the bottom of the stator 21 slot. The blind hole 211 has a bottom that does not penetrate the stator 21, and a solid protective layer is left between its bottom and the bottom of the stator 21 slot. The phase change heat pipe 22 is interference-fitted into the blind hole 211 using a thermal expansion and contraction process. This structure ensures the absolute safety of the motor's core insulation system and prevents mechanical damage, eliminating the risk of grounding short circuits in the enameled wire that may result from the opening. Furthermore, the interference fit using thermal expansion and contraction ensures a very tight contact between the phase change heat pipe 22 and the inner wall of the blind hole 211, minimizing the contact thermal resistance between them, thereby ensuring that heat can be quickly and without loss transferred from the iron core into the phase change heat pipe 22.
[0035] In this embodiment, the explosion-proof motor based on phase change heat pipe temperature equalization and aerodynamic turbulence generates enormous copper loss heat during operation. This high-density heat instantly penetrates the interior of the stator 21, activating the phase change heat pipe 22 within the blind hole. This causes the heat transfer medium inside the phase change heat pipe 22 to undergo violent boiling and vaporization. The heat, in the form of latent heat of vaporization, rapidly rushes radially to the periphery of the stator 21 and directly impacts the contacting strip-shaped heat equalization plate 23. At this time, the originally concentrated "point-like" extreme heat load undergoes instantaneous two-dimensional gas-liquid phase change diffusion within the strip-shaped heat equalization plate 23, and is evenly spread across the entire axial length of the outer surface of the stator 21. This extremely uniform planar heat flow can seamlessly conduct across the micro-assembly interface and enter the relatively cold housing assembly 11 to complete heat conduction. Furthermore, the heat flow is conducted through the phase change heat pipe 22. While performing solid-state heat extraction, the motor shaft drives the internal circulation fan 33 to rotate at high speed on the same axis, providing strong circulation power for the air in the explosion-proof sealed chamber. This internal airflow is driven to blow towards the end coil area at both ends of the stator winding where the heat is most severe. Under the intervention of the turbulence column 35, a micro turbulent vortex is formed, tearing apart the viscous, static hot air layer in the end coil area. The surface convective heat transfer coefficient of the end winding increases exponentially, and the locally accumulated heat is forcibly drawn into the mainstream circulating air, thereby being conducted to the housing assembly 1. After the cooling fan 15 draws in the ambient cold air and guides it with the air guide shroud 16, it continuously provides external forced cooling airflow parallel to the axial direction to the heat dissipation fins 14 on the outer surface of the housing 11, realizing external heat dissipation and forming a complete internal and external heat dissipation cycle closed loop with the internal heat dissipation system.
[0036] The foregoing general description of the invention and its specific embodiments should not be construed as a limitation on the technical solution of the invention. Those skilled in the art, based on the disclosure of this application, can add, reduce, or combine the disclosed technical features in the foregoing general description and / or specific embodiments (including examples) without departing from the constituent elements of the invention, to form other technical solutions within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. An explosion-proof motor based on phase change heat pipe temperature equalization and aerodynamic turbulence, comprising a housing assembly (1); characterized in that: The housing assembly (1) has a columnar integrated fully enclosed structure, and its interior is equipped with a stator solid-state superconducting heat dissipation device (2) and a rotor aerodynamic turbulence and internal circulation device (3); the stator solid-state superconducting heat dissipation device (2) is used to efficiently conduct the core heat inside the stator (21) to the inner wall of the housing; the stator (21) has a set of blind holes (211) inside, and a phase change heat pipe (22) is installed inside the blind holes (211), with the hot end of the phase change heat pipe (22) facing the inside of the stator (21); the stator (21) has an outer... A set of strip-shaped heat spreaders (23) are provided on the circumference, and the cold end of the phase change heat pipe (22) abuts against the strip-shaped heat spreaders (23) to form a heat conduction structure; the rotor aerodynamic turbulence and internal circulation device (3) includes a rotor core (32) fixed on the rotor shaft (31), and an internal circulation fan (33) is provided on the non-driving end of the rotor shaft (31); the rotor core (32) is provided with rotor end rings (34) for pressing guide bars at both ends, and a set of turbulence columns (35) is provided on the outer end face of the rotor end ring (34).
2. The explosion-proof motor based on phase change heat pipe temperature equalization and aerodynamic turbulence according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-section of the turbulence column (35) is an asymmetrical streamlined airfoil structure.
3. The explosion-proof motor based on phase change heat pipe temperature equalization and aerodynamic turbulence according to claim 2, characterized in that: The turbulence column (35) includes a blunt leading edge (351) facing the wind and a sharp trailing edge (352) leeward. The central axis of the turbulence column (35) is parallel to the rotation tangent of the rotor end ring (34), and the blunt leading edge (351) faces the positive rotation direction of the motor.
4. The explosion-proof motor based on phase change heat pipe temperature equalization and aerodynamic turbulence according to claim 3, characterized in that: The turbulence columns (35) are evenly distributed in an array along the end face of the rotor end ring (34).
5. The explosion-proof motor based on phase change heat pipe temperature equalization and aerodynamic turbulence according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The housing assembly (1) includes a housing (11), a front cover plate (12), a rear cover plate (13), and heat dissipation fins (14) disposed on the outer surface of the housing (11). A cooling fan (15) and an air guide shroud (16) are also provided at one end of the housing (11). The cooling fan (15) is located at one end of the rotor shaft (31) extending out of the rear cover plate (13) and is completely covered by the air guide shroud (16) to provide external forced cooling airflow to the housing (11). An explosion-proof junction box (17) is also provided on the housing (11) to realize the safe introduction of external power.
6. The explosion-proof motor based on phase change heat pipe temperature equalization and aerodynamic turbulence according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stator solid-state superconducting heat dissipation device (2) is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the shell (11).
7. The explosion-proof motor based on phase change heat pipe temperature equalization and aerodynamic turbulence according to claim 6, characterized in that: The stator (21) has a set of axially fitted grooves (212) on its outer peripheral surface for installing strip-shaped heat exchange plates (23) and limiting their position; the outer peripheral surface of the strip-shaped heat exchange plates (23) and the outer peripheral surface of the stator (21) are on the same cylindrical surface.
8. The explosion-proof motor based on phase change heat pipe temperature equalization and aerodynamic turbulence according to claim 7, characterized in that: The blind hole (211) is opened along the radial direction of the stator (21) and is precisely aligned with the bottom of the stator (21) slot. The blind hole (211) is a blind hole structure that does not penetrate the stator (21) at the bottom, and a solid protective layer is left between its bottom and the bottom of the stator (21) slot. The phase change heat pipe (22) is inserted into the blind hole (211) by means of thermal expansion and contraction.