Low-power data transmission method and system for BeiDou electronic tags for the Internet of Things

Abstract

This invention discloses a low-power data transmission method and system for BeiDou electronic tags for the Internet of Things (IoT), relating to the field of edge data transmission. The method includes: accessing a BeiDou terminal to obtain data transmission logs from the previous wake-up acquisition round and a plan information database for multiple electronic tags; combining the data transmission logs and the plan information database to extract multi-dimensional state parameters and management plan parameters of multiple electronic tags, making wake-up acquisition decisions, and obtaining the ideal acquisition cycle for the current round of multiple electronic tags; optimizing the acquisition cycle based on multi-tag cycle alignment to obtain an optimized acquisition cycle set, and generating a unified wake-up acquisition scheme by combining it with the plan information database; using backscatter modulation to drive the electronic tags for data acquisition, and using the data acquisition results as the data content information for the current round, transmitting the data through the BeiDou terminal. This solves the problem of excessively frequent BeiDou terminal wake-ups and excessive power consumption in existing technologies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of edge data transmission, specifically to a low-power data transmission method and system for BeiDou electronic tags for the Internet of Things. Background Technology

[0002] Electronic tags based on BeiDou short message communication are widely used in remote data collection scenarios such as environmental monitoring, asset tracking, and logistics management. These electronic tags are typically battery-powered and deployed in remote areas without terrestrial network coverage, relying on BeiDou terminals to complete data transmission.

[0003] In existing technologies, the wake-up strategy of Beidou electronic tags mostly adopts a fixed period for triggering, which leads to the problem of Beidou electronic tags waking up too frequently and consuming too much power. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a low-power data transmission method and system for BeiDou electronic tags for the Internet of Things, which solves the problems of excessively frequent wake-up and excessive power consumption of BeiDou terminals in the prior art.

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a low-power data transmission method and system for BeiDou electronic tags for the Internet of Things.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a low-power data transmission method for BeiDou electronic tags for the Internet of Things, the method comprising:

[0007] Access the Beidou terminal to obtain the data transmission log of the previous wake-up collection round and the plan information database for multiple electronic tags, wherein the data transmission log includes at least electronic tag activation information and data content information;

[0008] By combining the data transmission logs and the plan information database, multidimensional status parameters and management plan parameters of multiple electronic tags are extracted, and wake-up collection decisions are made accordingly to obtain the ideal collection cycle of multiple electronic tags in this round.

[0009] The ideal acquisition cycle of multiple electronic tags is optimized based on multi-tag cycle alignment to obtain an optimized acquisition cycle set, and a unified wake-up acquisition scheme is generated by combining the plan information database.

[0010] Based on the unified wake-up acquisition scheme, data is acquired by combining backscatter modulation to drive electronic tags, and the data acquisition results are used as the data content information for the current round, which is then transmitted through the Beidou terminal.

[0011] Secondly, this invention provides a low-power data transmission system for BeiDou electronic tags for the Internet of Things, the system comprising:

[0012] The Beidou terminal access module is used to access the Beidou terminal and obtain the data transmission log of the previous wake-up collection round and the plan information database for multiple electronic tags. The data transmission log includes at least electronic tag activation information and data content information.

[0013] The wake-up acquisition decision module is used to combine the data transmission logs and the plan information database to extract multi-dimensional status parameters and management plan parameters of multiple electronic tags, and make wake-up acquisition decisions accordingly to obtain the ideal acquisition cycle of multiple electronic tags in this round.

[0014] The acquisition cycle optimization module is used to optimize the acquisition cycle of multiple electronic tags based on multi-tag cycle alignment, obtain an optimized acquisition cycle set, and generate a unified wake-up acquisition scheme in combination with the plan information database.

[0015] The data acquisition and transmission module is used to acquire data based on the unified wake-up acquisition scheme, combined with backscatter modulation to drive the electronic tag, and to transmit the data through the Beidou terminal using the data acquisition results as the data content information of the current round.

[0016] One or more technical solutions provided in this invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0017] This invention provides a low-power data transmission method and system for BeiDou electronic tags for the Internet of Things (IoT). By accessing a BeiDou terminal, basic information is constructed, multi-dimensional state parameters and management plan parameters are extracted, and an ideal acquisition cycle is obtained through wake-up acquisition decisions. An optimized acquisition cycle set is obtained through multi-tag cycle alignment and acquisition cycle optimization, generating a unified wake-up acquisition scheme for data acquisition. Data is then transmitted via the BeiDou terminal. A low-power data transmission method for BeiDou electronic tags is constructed, using a low-power backscatter modulation reflected carrier for high-frequency data communication, reducing the number of BeiDou wake-ups, lowering the usage frequency of the BeiDou terminal, reducing the average power consumption of the BeiDou terminal, and extending its lifespan. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the low-power data transmission method for BeiDou electronic tags for the Internet of Things provided by this invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a logical schematic diagram of the low-power data transmission method for Beidou electronic tags for the Internet of Things provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the low-power data transmission system for Beidou electronic tags for the Internet of Things provided by this invention.

[0021] In the attached diagram, the components represented by each number are as follows:

[0022] The system includes a Beidou terminal access module 11, a wake-up acquisition decision module 12, an acquisition cycle optimization module 13, and a data acquisition and transmission module 14. Detailed Implementation

[0023] This invention provides a low-power data transmission method and system for BeiDou electronic tags for the Internet of Things, which solves the problems of excessively frequent wake-up and excessive power consumption of BeiDou terminals in the prior art.

[0024] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Example 1, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, this invention provides a low-power data transmission method for BeiDou electronic tags for the Internet of Things, the method comprising:

[0026] S10: Access the Beidou terminal to obtain the data transmission log of the previous wake-up collection round and the plan information database for multiple electronic tags, wherein the data transmission log includes at least electronic tag activation information and data content information;

[0027] In this embodiment of the invention, the BeiDou terminal is a terminal device that integrates a BeiDou short message communication module, which can receive BeiDou satellite signals and transmit data bidirectionally through the BeiDou satellite link; the data transmission log is a data set that records the working status and collection results of each electronic tag in the previous round; and the plan information database is a set of pre-configured management strategies.

[0028] Specifically, accessing the BeiDou terminal allows for the acquisition of data transmission logs from the previous wake-up collection round and a database of planned information for multiple electronic tags, providing sufficient basic data for subsequent operations.

[0029] Step S10 in the method provided in this embodiment of the invention includes:

[0030] The Beidou terminal retrieves the data transmission log archived at the end of the previous wake-up collection round.

[0031] The data transmission log is parsed to extract the electronic tag activation information and data content information of each electronic tag. The electronic tag activation information includes the remaining collection time slots recorded by each electronic tag at the end of the previous round.

[0032] The data content information includes multi-dimensional state parameters of each electronic tag collected in the previous wake-up collection round.

[0033] In this embodiment of the invention, firstly, the BeiDou terminal is accessed, and the data transmission log archived at the end of the previous wake-up collection round is retrieved from the historical database of the BeiDou terminal.

[0034] Secondly, the data transmission logs are parsed to extract the electronic tag activation information and data content information of each electronic tag. The electronic tag activation information includes the remaining collection time slots recorded by each electronic tag at the end of the previous round, which will be used as a reference for scheduling in the current round. The remaining collection time slots are the length of the collection time window that was planned to be allocated to the tag in the previous round but was not actually used, and are used to initialize the initial timing offset of the wake-up collection decision in the current round.

[0035] The data content information includes multi-dimensional status parameters of each electronic tag collected in the previous wake-up collection round.

[0036] Specifically, after parsing, the activation information and data content information of each electronic tag are stored for subsequent wake-up acquisition decisions and data transmission. The data content information will be directly used as the status input for the wake-up acquisition decision in this round, replacing the active acquisition operation of the electronic tag sensor in this round.

[0037] In the method provided by this embodiment of the invention, the plan information database includes multiple management plans, and each management plan corresponds to at least one tag category. The management plan is associated with management plan parameters, including at least: basic wake-up cycle, minimum wake-up cycle, maximum wake-up cycle, speed sensitivity coefficient, environmental sensitivity coefficient, energy compensation coefficient, and wake-up mode marker.

[0038] In this embodiment of the invention, the tag category is a group divided according to the tag's purpose or physical characteristics; the basic wake-up cycle is the acquisition interval used under ideal conditions; the minimum wake-up cycle and the maximum wake-up cycle are used to constrain the optimized acquisition cycle to not exceed the system's acceptable real-time lower limit and power consumption upper limit, respectively; the speed sensitivity coefficient, environmental sensitivity coefficient, and energy compensation coefficient are all dimensionless weighting factors, which control the influence of movement speed, environmental change degree, and remaining power on the ideal cycle, respectively; the wake-up mode flag is an enumerated parameter used to indicate whether the tag of this category should adopt periodic wake-up, triggered wake-up, or hybrid wake-up mode.

[0039] Specifically, the plan information database is a database stored in the gateway. Each management plan is associated with a basic wake-up cycle, minimum wake-up cycle, maximum wake-up cycle, speed sensitivity coefficient, environmental sensitivity coefficient, energy compensation coefficient, and wake-up mode flag.

[0040] In this embodiment of the invention, the BeiDou terminal retrieves data transmission logs and a plan information database including multiple management plans. Then, it analyzes and extracts electronic tag activation information and data content information to provide historical data for adaptive decision-making in this round, ensuring the continuity of decision-making.

[0041] S20: Combining the data transmission log with the plan information database, extract the multi-dimensional status parameters and management plan parameters of multiple electronic tags, and make wake-up collection decisions accordingly to obtain the ideal collection cycle of multiple electronic tags in this round;

[0042] In this embodiment of the invention, the wake-up acquisition decision is a process of calculating the acquisition interval by taking multi-dimensional state parameters and management plan parameters as inputs; the ideal acquisition cycle is used to reflect the wake-up frequency adopted to balance data timeliness and energy consumption in the current state.

[0043] Specifically, based on the tag category of each electronic tag, the multi-dimensional status parameters of its previous round are obtained from the data content information of the data transmission log. Simultaneously, according to the same tag category, the corresponding management plan parameters are retrieved from the plan information database. Substituting the multi-dimensional status parameters and management plan parameters into the wake-up collection decision model, and after traversing all electronic tags, the ideal collection cycle for each tag in this round can be obtained.

[0044] Step S20 in the method provided in this embodiment of the invention includes:

[0045] Determine the tag categories corresponding to multiple electronic tags, and extract the multi-dimensional status parameters specified in the management plan corresponding to the tag categories from the data content information of the data transmission log;

[0046] Select any label category as the target category, and calculate the multidimensional sensitivity coefficient by combining the multidimensional state parameters corresponding to the target category with the management plan parameters in the management plan. The multidimensional sensitivity coefficient includes at least the motion adaptation factor, the environment adaptation factor, and the energy adaptation factor.

[0047] By using a multi-factor product model, the multidimensional sensitivity coefficient is multiplied by the basic wake-up period in the management plan parameters, and the result is constrained between the minimum and maximum wake-up periods in the management plan parameters to obtain the ideal collection period corresponding to the target category.

[0048] By iterating through multiple tag categories, the ideal collection cycle for multiple electronic tags in this round is obtained.

[0049] In this embodiment of the invention, firstly, the tag categories corresponding to multiple electronic tags are determined, and then, based on the tag categories corresponding to the electronic tags, the multi-dimensional status parameters specified in the management plan corresponding to the tag categories are extracted from the data content information of the data transmission log.

[0050] Secondly, select any label category as the target category, and calculate the multidimensional sensitivity coefficient by combining the multidimensional state parameters corresponding to the target category with the management plan parameters in the management plan. The multidimensional sensitivity coefficient includes at least three factors: motion adaptation factor, environmental adaptation factor, and energy adaptation factor. The motion adaptation factor reflects the adjustment requirement of the current speed to the acquisition cycle; the environmental adaptation factor reflects the adjustment requirement of the cycle due to the degree to which environmental parameters deviate from the normal range; and the energy adaptation factor reflects the adjustment requirement of the cycle due to the remaining battery power.

[0051] Furthermore, the multi-factor product model is used to multiply the multidimensional sensitivity coefficient with the basic wake-up period in the management plan parameters. The multi-factor product model is a calculation model that can constrain the result between the minimum and maximum wake-up periods in the management plan parameters.

[0052] Specifically, the output of the multi-factor product model is compared with the minimum wake-up period and the maximum wake-up period. If it is less than the minimum wake-up period, the minimum wake-up period is taken as the ideal acquisition period; if it is greater than the maximum wake-up period, the maximum wake-up period is taken as the ideal acquisition period; otherwise, the original value is taken, and finally the ideal acquisition period corresponding to the target label category is obtained.

[0053] Finally, by iterating through multiple tag categories, the ideal collection cycle for each electronic tag in this round is obtained.

[0054] In the method provided by this embodiment of the invention, any label category is selected as the target category, and multidimensional sensitivity coefficients are calculated by combining the multidimensional state parameters corresponding to the target category with the management plan parameters in the management plan, including:

[0055] Based on the current speed in the multidimensional state parameters and the reference speed in the management plan parameters, and combined with the speed sensitivity coefficient in the management plan parameters, the motion adaptation factor is calculated and obtained, wherein the motion adaptation factor monotonically decreases as the ratio of the current speed to the reference speed increases.

[0056] Based on the weighted deviation of multiple environmental sensor readings relative to their respective normal range center values ​​in the multidimensional state parameters, and combined with the environmental sensitivity coefficient in the management plan parameters, the environmental adaptive factor is calculated and obtained, wherein the environmental adaptive factor monotonically decreases as the weighted deviation of the environmental sensor readings increases.

[0057] The energy adaptive factor is calculated based on the ratio of the current remaining battery capacity to the nominal full capacity in the multidimensional state parameters, combined with the energy compensation coefficient in the management plan parameters. The energy adaptive factor increases monotonically as the ratio of the remaining battery capacity decreases.

[0058] In this embodiment of the invention, firstly, the motion adaptive factor is calculated and obtained based on the current speed in the multidimensional state parameters and the reference speed in the management plan parameters, combined with the speed sensitivity coefficient in the management plan parameters.

[0059] Specifically, the speed ratio r = current speed in the multidimensional state parameters / reference speed in the management plan parameters, and the motion adaptation factor = Here, α is the velocity sensitivity coefficient of the motion adaptive factor, for example, a value of 0.6. This value can be set according to the dynamic response requirements, energy constraints, and the degree of attention paid to changes in motion state of the application scenario to which the BeiDou electronic tag belongs. The motion adaptive factor monotonically decreases as the ratio of the current velocity to the reference velocity increases. The larger the velocity ratio, the larger the denominator, the smaller the motion adaptive factor, and the shorter the ideal acquisition cycle, ensuring real-time tracking of moving targets.

[0060] Secondly, the weighted deviation is calculated based on the readings of multiple environmental sensors in the multidimensional state parameters and their respective center values ​​of the normal range. The environmental deviation for each state parameter is calculated as |environmental sensor reading - center value of normal range| / center value of normal range. Based on the influence of the multidimensional state parameters on the environmental adaptive factor, corresponding weight coefficients are set for each parameter. Then, a weighted fusion calculation is performed based on these weight coefficients and the deviation degree to obtain the weighted deviation degree. Where s is the environmental sensor reading, s' is the center value of the normal range, and w 1， w2, etc., represent the weighting coefficients of multidimensional state parameters.

[0061] By combining the environmental sensitivity coefficient β from the management plan parameters, the environmental adaptation factor is obtained. Environmental adaptation factor = The environmental sensitivity coefficient β can be set according to the allowable fluctuation range of environmental sensor readings and the urgency of abnormal response in the monitoring scenario. When the normal fluctuation of environmental sensor readings is small, a lower β value is taken to reduce the adjustment range of the acquisition cycle caused by environmental changes. The environmental adaptation factor monotonically decreases as the weighted deviation of environmental sensor readings increases. The greater the weighted deviation, the smaller the environmental adaptation factor, and the shorter the ideal acquisition cycle, which is beneficial for quickly capturing sudden environmental changes.

[0062] Next, based on the ratio k of the current remaining battery capacity to the nominal full capacity in the multi-dimensional state parameters (k = current remaining battery capacity / nominal full capacity), and combined with the energy compensation coefficient γ in the management plan parameters, the energy adaptive factor is calculated. The energy compensation coefficient γ can be set according to the electronic tag's battery capacity, expected battery life, and energy management priority. When prioritizing ensuring the device's long-term survival under low battery conditions, a smaller value is taken to increase the ideal data acquisition cycle; if data real-time requirements outweigh battery life requirements, a larger value is taken to shorten the ideal data acquisition cycle.

[0063] Specifically, the energy adaptive factor = The energy adaptive factor monotonically increases as the remaining battery charge percentage decreases, thus extending the ideal acquisition period in low-charge conditions. The lower the remaining battery charge, the larger the energy adaptive factor and the longer the ideal acquisition period.

[0064] In this embodiment of the invention, the tag categories corresponding to multiple electronic tags are determined, multidimensional state parameters are extracted and multidimensional sensitivity coefficients are calculated to avoid the excessive dominance of a single factor; then, the ideal acquisition cycle is obtained through a multi-factor product model, and the ideal acquisition cycle of multiple electronic tags in this round is obtained by flexibly adjusting according to the actual scenario, thereby improving the environmental adaptability of the ideal acquisition cycle.

[0065] S30: Optimize the ideal acquisition cycle of multiple electronic tags based on multi-tag cycle alignment, obtain an optimized acquisition cycle set, and generate a unified wake-up acquisition scheme in combination with the plan information database;

[0066] In this embodiment of the invention, multi-tag period alignment is a scheduling optimization strategy used to adjust the actual wake-up time of multiple electronic tags to the same common time point or an integer multiple of the common time point, thereby reducing the number of wake-up times of the Beidou terminal; the optimized acquisition period set is a set composed of the optimized acquisition periods of all electronic tags; the unified wake-up acquisition scheme is a set of final execution scheduling instructions, including the optimized acquisition period of each electronic tag and the corresponding wake-up mode.

[0067] Specifically, a baseline period is selected from multiple ideal acquisition periods, and an optimized acquisition period is obtained based on the baseline period. Combining the wake-up mode markings of each tag in the plan information database, the optimized acquisition period and the wake-up mode are merged to generate a unified wake-up acquisition scheme.

[0068] Step S30 in the method provided in this embodiment of the invention includes:

[0069] The minimum value among the ideal acquisition cycles of multiple electronic tags is selected as the reference cycle;

[0070] Calculate the ratio of the ideal acquisition period to the reference period for each electronic tag to obtain the original multiplier coefficient for each electronic tag;

[0071] The original multiplier coefficients are rounded down to obtain the optimized multiplier coefficients for each electronic tag, wherein the optimized multiplier coefficients are positive integers;

[0072] The optimized acquisition period of each electronic tag is obtained by multiplying the optimized multiplier coefficient of each electronic tag by the base period, thus forming the optimized acquisition period set.

[0073] In this embodiment of the invention, firstly, the minimum value is selected from the ideal acquisition cycles of multiple electronic tags, and the minimum value is determined as the reference cycle to provide a time unit for subsequent multi-tag cycle alignment.

[0074] Secondly, the ratio of the ideal acquisition period to the baseline period for each electronic tag is calculated to obtain the original magnification factor for each electronic tag. Wherein, the original magnification factor = ideal acquisition period / baseline period.

[0075] Next, the original multiplier coefficients are rounded down to obtain the optimized multiplier coefficients for each electronic tag, where the optimized multiplier coefficients are positive integers.

[0076] Finally, the optimized acquisition period for each electronic tag is obtained by multiplying the optimization multiplier coefficient by the baseline period, forming an optimized acquisition period set. The optimized acquisition period = optimization multiplier coefficient × baseline period, describes the optimal scheduling period during the acquisition process of each electronic tag, and is an integer multiple of the baseline period.

[0077] Step S30 in the method provided in this embodiment of the invention further includes:

[0078] Based on the management plans corresponding to each electronic tag in the plan information database, the wake-up mode flags of each management plan are extracted;

[0079] Based on the wake-up mode marker, the differentiated wake-up modes for each electronic tag are traversed and configured, wherein the differentiated wake-up modes include:

[0080] The periodic wake-up mode periodically performs data acquisition and data transmission at fixed intervals based on the optimized acquisition cycle.

[0081] Trigger wake-up mode uses the sensor interrupt signal as the only wake-up trigger condition, and performs data acquisition and data transmission only when the monitored parameters exceed the preset alarm threshold.

[0082] The hybrid wake-up mode uses the optimized acquisition period as a timing reference and the sensor interrupt signal as an event triggering condition. The actual wake-up time is the time that corresponds to the earlier of the timing reference and the event triggering condition.

[0083] The differentiated wake-up mode and the optimized collection cycle set are combined and output as the unified wake-up collection scheme.

[0084] In this embodiment of the invention, firstly, based on the management plans corresponding to each electronic tag in the plan information database, the wake-up mode flag of each management plan is extracted. The wake-up mode flag is an enumerated type field, for example, a value of 0 can be set to indicate periodic wake-up mode, a value of 1 to indicate trigger wake-up mode, and a value of 2 to indicate hybrid wake-up mode, which can be pre-configured and stored in the plan information database.

[0085] Secondly, based on the wake-up mode marker, the differentiated wake-up modes for each electronic tag are traversed and configured, wherein the differentiated wake-up modes include...

[0086] The periodic wake-up mode performs data acquisition and transmission periodically at fixed intervals based on the optimized acquisition cycle. Specifically, in this mode, the electronic tag is periodically woken up according to the time intervals determined by the optimized acquisition cycle to perform sensor data acquisition and backscatter transmission. This mode is suitable for electronic tags in stable motion states where environmental parameters are within normal ranges.

[0087] The trigger-to-wake mode uses a sensor interrupt signal as the sole wake-up trigger, performing data acquisition and transmission only when monitored parameters exceed a preset alarm threshold. In this mode, the electronic tag relies entirely on the sensor interrupt signal as its wake-up source, transmitting data only upon wake-up; otherwise, it remains in deep sleep mode. This mode is suitable for electronic tags with fixed locations and stable environmental parameters over long periods.

[0088] The hybrid wake-up mode uses both the optimized acquisition cycle as the timing reference and the sensor interrupt signal as the event trigger condition, employing two wake-up sources: a timer and an interrupt signal. The actual wake-up time is determined by whichever occurs first: the timing reference is reached or the event trigger condition is met. In other words, periodic timed wake-up and sudden alarm wake-up coexist, with the earlier one taking precedence. This mode is suitable for electronic tags with highly variable motion states.

[0089] Finally, the differentiated wake-up modes and optimized acquisition cycle sets are merged and output, that is, the optimized acquisition cycle of each electronic tag is associated with its corresponding differentiated wake-up mode and output to obtain a unified wake-up acquisition scheme.

[0090] In this embodiment of the invention, a baseline period is selected from the ideal acquisition period to ensure the timeliness of key data. The original and optimized multiplier coefficients are obtained, and an optimized acquisition period set is calculated, enabling wake-up scheduling to adapt to the differentiated needs of different business scenarios. Wake-up mode markers are obtained based on the management plan, and differentiated wake-up modes for electronic tags are configured. Finally, a unified wake-up acquisition scheme is obtained, enabling independent management of electronic tags and ensuring the effective execution of the baseline period alignment optimization.

[0091] S40: Based on the unified wake-up acquisition scheme, data is acquired by combining backscatter modulation to drive electronic tags, and the data acquisition results are used as the data content information of the current round, and data is transmitted through the Beidou terminal.

[0092] In this embodiment of the invention, backscatter modulation is a low-power wireless communication technology that uses its own antenna impedance to reflect and modulate continuous carrier waves transmitted by the regional gateway, thereby enabling data to be transmitted back to the gateway; the data acquisition result is the data content information obtained after formatting the raw data obtained in the current round.

[0093] Specifically, according to the unified wake-up acquisition scheme, the electronic tags are driven by backscatter modulation to acquire data. After receiving the backscatter signals of all electronic tags, coded transmission data is generated, and the Beidou terminal is woken up to transmit the data.

[0094] Step S40 in the method provided in this embodiment of the invention includes:

[0095] The regional gateway triggers the sensor to perform sensor data acquisition according to the differentiated wake-up mode configured in the unified wake-up acquisition scheme, and combines backscatter modulation to acquire the tag information of the corresponding electronic tag to obtain the data content information of this round.

[0096] The regional gateway receives the data content information and performs forward error correction encoding on the data content information to generate encoded transmission data;

[0097] The BeiDou terminal is activated to remotely transmit the encoded data.

[0098] In this embodiment of the invention, firstly, the regional gateway activates the sensor via a wired or wireless trigger signal according to the differentiated wake-up mode configured in the unified wake-up acquisition scheme, associating the electronic tag with the sensor. Then, it acquires sensor data corresponding to the electronic tag through the sensor. Simultaneously, the electronic tag utilizes backscatter modulation technology to change the impedance of its antenna port to reflect and modulate the unmodulated carrier wave transmitted by the regional gateway, acquiring the tag information of the corresponding electronic tag. The data acquisition results are used as the data content information for the current round. The regional gateway is a local aggregation device deployed near the electronic tag, capable of transmitting continuous carrier waves, receiving backscattered signals, performing encoding and decoding, and communicating with the BeiDou terminal. The use of backscatter modulation reduces the frequency of use of the BeiDou terminal and BeiDou electronic tags, thus reducing energy consumption.

[0099] Secondly, the regional gateway receives the data content information and performs forward error correction coding on it, using the resulting data frame as the encoded transmission data. Forward error correction coding is a channel coding technique that adds redundant check bits to the original data, enabling the receiver to recover the original data even in the presence of bit errors. It can employ a coding structure that concatenates the outer and inner codes.

[0100] Finally, the regional gateway activates the BeiDou terminal, encapsulates the encoded transmission data into a fixed format, sends it to the BeiDou satellite via the BeiDou antenna, and then forwards it to the ground control center to complete the remote data transmission.

[0101] In step S40 of the method provided in this embodiment of the invention, data is transmitted through a BeiDou terminal, followed by:

[0102] Based on the data content information of this round, the data transmission log is archived and updated;

[0103] Based on the optimized acquisition cycle, a wake-up timer is configured to drive the BeiDou terminal and the regional gateway into a low-power sleep state.

[0104] When the wake-up timer expires, the BeiDou terminal and the regional gateway are woken up to begin the next round of data collection and data transmission.

[0105] In this embodiment of the invention, firstly, the data content information of the current round is stored in a historical database, and the data transmission log is archived and updated for access in the next round.

[0106] Secondly, the wake-up timer is configured according to the optimized acquisition cycle. The time interval between the current moment and the next scheduled wake-up moment is increased, which drives the Beidou terminal and the regional gateway to shut down the high-power modules and keep the low-power real-time clock or wake-up timer running, thereby reducing current consumption and entering a low-power sleep state.

[0107] Finally, when the wake-up timer expires, an interrupt signal is generated to wake up the BeiDou terminal and the regional gateway, and the next round of data acquisition and data transmission begins.

[0108] In this embodiment of the invention, communication is achieved by backscattering modulation of the reflected carrier, reducing power consumption; forward error correction coding is obtained through the regional gateway, improving anti-interference capability in data transmission and saving energy; subsequently, the data transmission log is updated to ensure the continuity of historical state information and avoid sudden decision changes; a wake-up timer is configured to enable the BeiDou terminal and the regional gateway to enter a low-power sleep state until the next wake-up time arrives, reducing the average power consumption of the BeiDou terminal and extending battery life.

[0109] Through the above specific implementation methods, the embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:

[0110] In this embodiment of the invention, the data transmission log and a plan information database including multiple management plans are first retrieved through the BeiDou terminal. Then, the electronic tag activation information and data content information are parsed and extracted, providing the necessary historical benchmark for the adaptive decision-making in this round and ensuring the continuity of decision-making.

[0111] Secondly, the tag categories corresponding to multiple electronic tags are determined, and multi-dimensional state parameters of the management plan are extracted from the plan information database to calculate the multi-dimensional sensitivity coefficient, so as to avoid the excessive dominance of a single factor. Then, the ideal collection cycle is obtained through a multi-factor product model, so as to obtain the ideal collection cycle of multiple electronic tags in this round that can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual scenario, thereby improving the environmental adaptability of the ideal collection cycle.

[0112] Secondly, a baseline period is selected from multiple ideal collection periods to ensure the timeliness of key data. The original and optimized multiplier coefficients are obtained, and an optimized collection period set is calculated to enable wake-up scheduling to adapt to the differentiated needs of different business scenarios. Wake-up mode markers are obtained based on the management plan, and differentiated wake-up modes for electronic tags are configured. Finally, a unified wake-up collection scheme is obtained to achieve independent management of multiple electronic tags, ensuring the effective execution of baseline period alignment optimization.

[0113] Finally, communication is achieved by backscattering modulation of the reflected carrier and forward error correction coding is obtained through the regional gateway to improve the anti-interference capability in data transmission, increase the frequency of use of the reflected carrier, and save energy. Subsequently, the data transmission log is updated to ensure the continuity of historical status information. By configuring a wake-up timer, it is ensured that the Beidou terminal and the regional gateway can enter a low-power sleep state, reducing the number of wake-ups of the Beidou terminal, reducing transmission energy consumption, and extending battery life.

[0114] Example 2, as Figure 3As shown, based on the same inventive concept as the low-power data transmission method for BeiDou electronic tags for the Internet of Things provided in Embodiment 1, this embodiment of the invention also provides a low-power data transmission system for BeiDou electronic tags for the Internet of Things, the system comprising:

[0115] The Beidou terminal access module 11 is used to access the Beidou terminal and obtain the data transmission log of the previous wake-up collection round and the plan information database for multiple electronic tags. The data transmission log includes at least electronic tag activation information and data content information.

[0116] The wake-up acquisition decision module 12 is used to combine the data transmission log and the plan information database to extract the multi-dimensional status parameters and management plan parameters of multiple electronic tags, and make wake-up acquisition decisions accordingly to obtain the ideal acquisition cycle of multiple electronic tags in this round.

[0117] The acquisition cycle optimization module 13 is used to optimize the acquisition cycle of multiple electronic tags based on multi-tag cycle alignment, obtain an optimized acquisition cycle set, and generate a unified wake-up acquisition scheme in combination with the plan information database.

[0118] The data acquisition and transmission module 14 is used to acquire data based on the unified wake-up acquisition scheme, combined with backscatter modulation to drive the electronic tag, and use the data acquisition results as the data content information of the current round to transmit data through the Beidou terminal.

[0119] In one embodiment, the BeiDou terminal access module 11 is used for:

[0120] The Beidou terminal retrieves the data transmission log archived at the end of the previous wake-up collection round.

[0121] The data transmission log is parsed to extract the electronic tag activation information and data content information of each electronic tag. The electronic tag activation information includes the remaining collection time slots recorded by each electronic tag at the end of the previous round.

[0122] The data content information includes multi-dimensional state parameters of each electronic tag collected in the previous wake-up collection round.

[0123] The plan information database includes multiple management plans, and each management plan corresponds to at least one tag category. The management plan is associated with management plan parameters, including at least: basic wake-up cycle, minimum wake-up cycle, maximum wake-up cycle, speed sensitivity coefficient, environmental sensitivity coefficient, energy compensation coefficient, and wake-up mode marker.

[0124] In one embodiment, the acquisition and decision module 12 is activated for the following purposes:

[0125] Determine the tag categories corresponding to multiple electronic tags, and extract the multi-dimensional status parameters specified in the management plan corresponding to the tag categories from the data content information of the data transmission log;

[0126] Select any label category as the target category, and calculate the multidimensional sensitivity coefficient by combining the multidimensional state parameters corresponding to the target category with the management plan parameters in the management plan. The multidimensional sensitivity coefficient includes at least the motion adaptation factor, the environment adaptation factor, and the energy adaptation factor.

[0127] By using a multi-factor product model, the multidimensional sensitivity coefficient is multiplied by the basic wake-up period in the management plan parameters, and the result is constrained between the minimum and maximum wake-up periods in the management plan parameters to obtain the ideal collection period corresponding to the target category.

[0128] By iterating through multiple tag categories, the ideal collection cycle for multiple electronic tags in this round is obtained.

[0129] Specifically, an arbitrary label category is selected as the target category. Combining the multidimensional state parameters corresponding to the target category with the management plan parameters in the management plan, multidimensional sensitivity coefficients are calculated, including:

[0130] Based on the current speed in the multidimensional state parameters and the reference speed in the management plan parameters, and combined with the speed sensitivity coefficient in the management plan parameters, the motion adaptation factor is calculated and obtained, wherein the motion adaptation factor monotonically decreases as the ratio of the current speed to the reference speed increases.

[0131] Based on the weighted deviation of multiple environmental sensor readings relative to their respective normal range center values ​​in the multidimensional state parameters, and combined with the environmental sensitivity coefficient in the management plan parameters, the environmental adaptive factor is calculated and obtained, wherein the environmental adaptive factor monotonically decreases as the weighted deviation of the environmental sensor readings increases.

[0132] The energy adaptive factor is calculated based on the ratio of the current remaining battery capacity to the nominal full capacity in the multidimensional state parameters, combined with the energy compensation coefficient in the management plan parameters. The energy adaptive factor increases monotonically as the ratio of the remaining battery capacity decreases.

[0133] In one embodiment, the acquisition cycle optimization module 13 is used for:

[0134] The minimum value among the ideal acquisition cycles of multiple electronic tags is selected as the reference cycle;

[0135] Calculate the ratio of the ideal acquisition period to the reference period for each electronic tag to obtain the original multiplier coefficient for each electronic tag;

[0136] The original multiplier coefficients are rounded down to obtain the optimized multiplier coefficients for each electronic tag, wherein the optimized multiplier coefficients are positive integers;

[0137] The optimized acquisition period of each electronic tag is obtained by multiplying the optimized multiplier coefficient of each electronic tag by the base period, thus forming the optimized acquisition period set.

[0138] In one embodiment, the acquisition cycle optimization module 13 is further configured to:

[0139] Based on the management plans corresponding to each electronic tag in the plan information database, the wake-up mode flags of each management plan are extracted;

[0140] Based on the wake-up mode marker, the differentiated wake-up modes for each electronic tag are traversed and configured, wherein the differentiated wake-up modes include:

[0141] The periodic wake-up mode periodically performs data acquisition and data transmission at fixed intervals based on the optimized acquisition cycle.

[0142] Trigger wake-up mode uses the sensor interrupt signal as the only wake-up trigger condition, and performs data acquisition and data transmission only when the monitored parameters exceed the preset alarm threshold.

[0143] The hybrid wake-up mode uses the optimized acquisition period as a timing reference and the sensor interrupt signal as an event triggering condition. The actual wake-up time is the time that corresponds to the earlier of the timing reference and the event triggering condition.

[0144] The differentiated wake-up mode and the optimized collection cycle set are combined and output as the unified wake-up collection scheme.

[0145] In one embodiment, the data acquisition and transmission module 14 is used for:

[0146] The regional gateway triggers the sensor to perform sensor data acquisition according to the differentiated wake-up mode configured in the unified wake-up acquisition scheme, and combines backscatter modulation to acquire the tag information of the corresponding electronic tag to obtain the data content information of this round.

[0147] The regional gateway receives the data content information and performs forward error correction encoding on the data content information to generate encoded transmission data;

[0148] The BeiDou terminal is activated to remotely transmit the encoded data.

[0149] This includes data transmission via BeiDou terminals, followed by:

[0150] Based on the data content information of this round, the data transmission log is archived and updated;

[0151] Based on the optimized acquisition cycle, a wake-up timer is configured to drive the BeiDou terminal and the regional gateway into a low-power sleep state.

[0152] When the wake-up timer expires, the BeiDou terminal and the regional gateway are woken up to begin the next round of data collection and data transmission.

[0153] Compared to existing technologies, this invention provides a low-power data transmission method and system for BeiDou electronic tags for the Internet of Things (IoT). Through BeiDou terminal access, wake-up acquisition decision-making, acquisition cycle optimization, data acquisition and transmission, a data transmission method combining backscatter modulation and BeiDou positioning with intermittent wake-up is constructed. First, data transmission logs and a plan information database including multiple management plans are retrieved. Electronic tag activation information and data content information are extracted. Then, the tag categories corresponding to multiple electronic tags are determined, and multi-dimensional state parameters related to the management plans are extracted from the plan information database. Multi-dimensional sensitivity coefficients are calculated to obtain the ideal acquisition cycle. Subsequently, the optimized acquisition cycle set is calculated, wake-up mode markers are obtained, differentiated wake-up modes for electronic tags are configured, and a unified wake-up acquisition scheme is obtained. Finally, high-frequency low-power backscatter modulation reflected carrier is used for data communication. A wake-up timer is configured to allow the BeiDou terminal to switch between low-power sleep and wake-up states, dynamically calculating the next wake-up time, reducing the number of BeiDou wake-ups, lowering the average power consumption of the BeiDou terminal, and extending the service life of the BeiDou terminal.

Claims

1. A low-power data transmission method for BeiDou electronic tags for the Internet of Things, characterized in that, include: Access the Beidou terminal to obtain the data transmission log of the previous wake-up collection round and the plan information database for multiple electronic tags, wherein the data transmission log includes at least electronic tag activation information and data content information; By combining the data transmission logs and the plan information database, multidimensional status parameters and management plan parameters of multiple electronic tags are extracted, and wake-up collection decisions are made accordingly to obtain the ideal collection cycle of multiple electronic tags in this round. The ideal acquisition cycle of multiple electronic tags is optimized based on multi-tag cycle alignment to obtain an optimized acquisition cycle set, and a unified wake-up acquisition scheme is generated by combining the plan information database. Based on the unified wake-up acquisition scheme, data is acquired by combining backscatter modulation to drive electronic tags, and the data acquisition results are used as the data content information for the current round, which is then transmitted through the Beidou terminal.

2. The low-power data transmission method for BeiDou electronic tags for the Internet of Things as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Access the BeiDou terminal to obtain the data transmission logs from the previous wake-up collection round and the plan information database for multiple electronic tags. The data transmission logs include at least electronic tag activation information and data content information, including: The Beidou terminal retrieves the data transmission log archived at the end of the previous wake-up collection round. The data transmission log is parsed to extract the electronic tag activation information and data content information of each electronic tag. The electronic tag activation information includes the remaining collection time slots recorded by each electronic tag at the end of the previous round. The data content information includes multi-dimensional state parameters of each electronic tag collected in the previous wake-up collection round.

3. The low-power data transmission method for BeiDou electronic tags for the Internet of Things as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The plan information database includes multiple management plans, and each management plan corresponds to at least one tag category. The management plan is associated with management plan parameters, including at least: basic wake-up cycle, minimum wake-up cycle, maximum wake-up cycle, speed sensitivity coefficient, environmental sensitivity coefficient, energy compensation coefficient, and wake-up mode marker.

4. The low-power data transmission method for BeiDou electronic tags for the Internet of Things as described in claim 1, characterized in that, By combining the data transmission logs and the plan information database, multi-dimensional status parameters and management plan parameters of multiple electronic tags are extracted, and wake-up collection decisions are made accordingly to obtain the ideal collection cycle for multiple electronic tags in this round, including: Determine the tag categories corresponding to multiple electronic tags, and extract the multi-dimensional status parameters specified in the management plan corresponding to the tag categories from the data content information of the data transmission log; Select any label category as the target category, and calculate the multidimensional sensitivity coefficient by combining the multidimensional state parameters corresponding to the target category with the management plan parameters in the management plan. The multidimensional sensitivity coefficient includes at least the motion adaptation factor, the environment adaptation factor, and the energy adaptation factor. By using a multi-factor product model, the multidimensional sensitivity coefficient is multiplied by the basic wake-up period in the management plan parameters, and the result is constrained between the minimum and maximum wake-up periods in the management plan parameters to obtain the ideal collection period corresponding to the target category. By iterating through multiple tag categories, the ideal collection cycle for multiple electronic tags in this round is obtained.

5. The low-power data transmission method for BeiDou electronic tags for the Internet of Things as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Select any label category as the target category, and calculate the multidimensional sensitivity coefficient by combining the multidimensional state parameters corresponding to the target category with the management plan parameters in the management plan, including: Based on the current speed in the multidimensional state parameters and the reference speed in the management plan parameters, and combined with the speed sensitivity coefficient in the management plan parameters, the motion adaptation factor is calculated and obtained, wherein the motion adaptation factor monotonically decreases as the ratio of the current speed to the reference speed increases. Based on the weighted deviation of multiple environmental sensor readings relative to their respective normal range center values ​​in the multidimensional state parameters, and combined with the environmental sensitivity coefficient in the management plan parameters, the environmental adaptive factor is calculated and obtained, wherein the environmental adaptive factor monotonically decreases as the weighted deviation of the environmental sensor readings increases. The energy adaptive factor is calculated based on the ratio of the current remaining battery capacity to the nominal full capacity in the multidimensional state parameters, combined with the energy compensation coefficient in the management plan parameters. The energy adaptive factor increases monotonically as the ratio of the remaining battery capacity decreases.

6. The low-power data transmission method for BeiDou electronic tags for the Internet of Things as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ideal acquisition cycle for multiple electronic tags is optimized based on multi-tag cycle alignment to obtain an optimized acquisition cycle set, including: The minimum value among the ideal acquisition cycles of multiple electronic tags is selected as the reference cycle; Calculate the ratio of the ideal acquisition period to the reference period for each electronic tag to obtain the original multiplier coefficient for each electronic tag; The original multiplier coefficients are rounded down to obtain the optimized multiplier coefficients for each electronic tag, wherein the optimized multiplier coefficients are positive integers; The optimized acquisition period of each electronic tag is obtained by multiplying the optimized multiplier coefficient of each electronic tag by the base period, thus forming the optimized acquisition period set.

7. The low-power data transmission method for BeiDou electronic tags for the Internet of Things as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A unified wake-up collection scheme is generated by combining the aforementioned plan information database, including: Based on the management plans corresponding to each electronic tag in the plan information database, the wake-up mode flags of each management plan are extracted; Based on the wake-up mode marker, the differentiated wake-up modes for each electronic tag are traversed and configured, wherein the differentiated wake-up modes include: The periodic wake-up mode periodically performs data acquisition and data transmission at fixed intervals based on the optimized acquisition cycle. Trigger wake-up mode uses the sensor interrupt signal as the only wake-up trigger condition, and performs data acquisition and data transmission only when the monitored parameters exceed the preset alarm threshold. The hybrid wake-up mode uses the optimized acquisition period as a timing reference and the sensor interrupt signal as an event triggering condition. The actual wake-up time is the time that corresponds to the earlier of the timing reference and the event triggering condition. The differentiated wake-up mode and the optimized collection cycle set are combined and output as the unified wake-up collection scheme.

8. The low-power data transmission method for BeiDou electronic tags for the Internet of Things as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the unified wake-up acquisition scheme, data is acquired by combining backscatter modulation-driven electronic tags, and the data acquisition results are used as the data content information for the current round. Data is transmitted through the BeiDou terminal, including: The regional gateway triggers the sensor to perform sensor data acquisition according to the differentiated wake-up mode configured in the unified wake-up acquisition scheme, and combines backscatter modulation to acquire the tag information of the corresponding electronic tag to obtain the data content information of this round. The regional gateway receives the data content information and performs forward error correction encoding on the data content information to generate encoded transmission data; The BeiDou terminal is activated to remotely transmit the encoded data.

9. The low-power data transmission method for BeiDou electronic tags for the Internet of Things as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Data transmission is performed via a BeiDou terminal, followed by: Based on the data content information of this round, the data transmission log is archived and updated; Based on the optimized acquisition cycle, a wake-up timer is configured to drive the BeiDou terminal and the regional gateway into a low-power sleep state. When the wake-up timer expires, the BeiDou terminal and the regional gateway are woken up to begin the next round of data collection and data transmission.

10. A low-power data transmission system for BeiDou electronic tags for the Internet of Things, characterized in that, The system is used to implement the low-power data transmission method for BeiDou electronic tags for the Internet of Things according to any one of claims 1-9, the system comprising: The Beidou terminal access module is used to access the Beidou terminal and obtain the data transmission log of the previous wake-up collection round and the plan information database for multiple electronic tags. The data transmission log includes at least electronic tag activation information and data content information. The wake-up acquisition decision module is used to combine the data transmission logs and the plan information database to extract multi-dimensional status parameters and management plan parameters of multiple electronic tags, and make wake-up acquisition decisions accordingly to obtain the ideal acquisition cycle of multiple electronic tags in this round. The acquisition cycle optimization module is used to optimize the acquisition cycle of multiple electronic tags based on multi-tag cycle alignment, obtain an optimized acquisition cycle set, and generate a unified wake-up acquisition scheme in combination with the plan information database. The data acquisition and transmission module is used to acquire data based on the unified wake-up acquisition scheme, combined with backscatter modulation to drive the electronic tag, and to transmit the data through the Beidou terminal using the data acquisition results as the data content information of the current round.

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