Method for preventing and treating ginger fusarium wilt
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202610835191.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-06-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-15
Smart Images
Figure SMS_1
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ginger disease control technology, and in particular relates to a method for controlling ginger wilt disease. Background Technology
[0002] Ginger is a multi-purpose economic crop used in condiments, food processing, medicine, and daily chemicals. It primarily propagates asexually through rhizomes, a method that offers advantages such as trait preservation, ease of use, and controllable growth. However, this method can lead to a lack of genetic diversity, weak plant resistance, and higher production risks in the long run. Furthermore, during the months-long ginger growth cycle, key agricultural operations such as transplanting and hilling, as well as the hot and rainy season, easily introduce pathogens into the soil. Ginger wilt is the most common and serious bacterial disease affecting ginger, causing severe yield and quality reduction and significant economic losses for farmers. Currently, common pesticides for ginger wilt control include methyl parathion + oxadixyl, iprodione + fluazinam, azoxystrobin + mancozeb, chlorobromoisocyanuric acid, thiamethoxam, allicin, and benzalkonium chloride + prochloraz. These pesticides have disadvantages such as poor single-drug efficacy, the need for compounding, high cost, high toxicity, and long residual periods.
[0003] Long-term use of chemical agents can easily lead to residues and microbial resistance, while biological agents are slow to take effect and their effectiveness is limited by the soil environment. Soil fumigation is costly and may cause soil microecological imbalance. Therefore, developing a rapid, residue-free, easy-to-operate, and soil-friendly technology for the prevention and control of ginger wilt disease is of great significance. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a method for the prevention and control of ginger wilt disease. Addressing the problems of high residue, high toxicity, easy recurrence, and high operational difficulty in existing disease control methods, the present invention establishes a soil sterilization method during the key growth stages of ginger. The present invention involves applying a chlorine dioxide solution to the soil after ginger planting and hilling, followed by the application of a ternary microbial agent composed of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Bacillus polymyxa, forming a systematic and long-lasting control method. The ginger wilt disease control method provided by the present invention is characterized by high efficacy, low toxicity, no residue, environmental friendliness, and simple operation.
[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives of the present invention, the following technical solution is adopted: This invention provides a method for preventing and controlling ginger wilt disease, comprising the following steps: S1. After ginger is transplanted, apply a chlorine dioxide solution with a concentration of 5-15 ppm to the soil, followed by the application of a ternary microbial agent. S2. After hilling the ginger, apply a 20-30 ppm chlorine dioxide solution to the soil, followed by the application of a ternary microbial agent. In S1 and S2, the ternary microbial inoculant includes Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Bacillus polymyxa.
[0006] Existing technologies typically employ soil pretreatment or emergency disease intervention. For example, chlorine dioxide disinfectant is used to disinfect the soil after ginger harvest or before planting. While this method can kill soil pathogens in advance, its broad-spectrum disinfection properties disrupt the soil microbial balance. Furthermore, integrated pest management for already infected plants usually involves multiple cumbersome steps, including physical isolation and chemical treatment. This is a post-infection remedial measure, resulting in high labor costs and limited effectiveness against already infected plants. Therefore, providing a method for controlling ginger wilt disease that is minimally damaging to the soil, simple to operate, and low in cost is of great significance.
[0007] This invention utilizes chlorine dioxide solution applied to the soil. Under light or heat, it rapidly decomposes into chlorine and oxygen, minimizing environmental impact. Simultaneously, its strong oxidizing properties and high cell penetration effectively kill pathogens, preventing the development of drug resistance. After transplanting, ginger roots are not fully developed, resulting in weak disease resistance and unstable soil conditions. Ginger seeds and newly formed roots are highly susceptible to pathogen infection. At this stage, applying a 5-15 ppm chlorine dioxide solution to the soil effectively reduces the initial pathogen count while avoiding excessive stress on seedling roots. After hilling, repeated soil turning promotes rhizome enlargement. Changes in temperature and humidity favor pathogen activity, and rapid ginger enlargement leads to a thin, tender skin, reducing resistance to ginger wilt pathogens. Therefore, controlling the chlorine dioxide concentration at 20-30 ppm for soil disinfection prevents the spread of pathogens that may occur during hilling, while also minimizing the impact on ginger plant growth and development. Therefore, applying chlorine dioxide solution to the soil after planting and hilling can significantly reduce the number of ginger wilt pathogens and lower the risk of ginger infection. However, chlorine dioxide solution is a broad-spectrum bactericide, and while eliminating ginger wilt pathogens, it will also indiscriminately kill beneficial microorganisms, thus significantly damaging the soil microecology.
[0008] This invention involves applying a ternary microbial agent to the soil after chlorine dioxide solution has been applied to replenish soil microorganisms. Among these, *Bacillus subtilis* exhibits strong resistance and rapid proliferation, competitively inhibiting the growth of ginger wilt pathogens; *Bacillus amyloliquefaciens* secretes various antibacterial substances during its growth, directly inhibiting pathogen growth; and *Bacillus polymyxa* produces various antagonistic microorganisms and metabolically active substances that promote plant growth. The ternary microbial agent synergistically inhibits soil-borne ginger wilt pathogens and promotes plant growth. Simultaneously, it complements the bactericidal effect of chlorine dioxide, combining rapid, short-acting bactericidal action with slow, long-acting bactericidal action. This approach compensates for the slow onset and insufficient initial effect of microbial agents while avoiding the damage to the soil microecology and inadequate control caused by chemical sterilization. The colonization of beneficial bacteria further enhances the ginger's resistance to ginger wilt.
[0009] It should be further explained that in S1 and S2, the chlorine dioxide solution is prepared fresh from the chlorine dioxide mother liquor. More specifically, the concentration of the mother liquor is 0.5 to 1.5 g / L, and it is obtained by dissolving chlorine dioxide powder or tablets and activating it in a dark and sealed environment for 10 to 15 minutes.
[0010] For example, in S1 and S2, the chlorine dioxide solution can be applied by a drip irrigation system. The chlorine dioxide mother liquor is added to the fertilizer tank of the drip irrigation system, and the dilution concentration and application amount of chlorine dioxide are controlled by the fertilizer applicator.
[0011] For example, in S1 and S2, the application of the ternary microbial agent can be completed through a drip irrigation system. The liquid microbial agent or the microbial agent prepared as liquid is added to the fertilizer tank of the drip irrigation system, and the concentration of the agent and the amount of application are controlled by the fertilizer applicator.
[0012] In this invention, the on-site preparation ensures the timeliness and oxidative efficiency of chlorine dioxide application, while the short-term light-proof and sealed activation avoids gas escape caused by decomposition during the preparation process, improving the safety of on-site drug preparation and ensuring the chemical stability of the solution and the accuracy of subsequent dilution and application.
[0013] Preferably, in S1, the chlorine dioxide solution is applied 2 to 3 times.
[0014] More preferably, in S1, the application rate of the chlorine dioxide solution is 8-12 t / mu.
[0015] More preferably, in S1, the interval between applications of the chlorine dioxide solution is 15 to 20 days.
[0016] After ginger is transplanted, the first watering should be done by thoroughly rinsing the top layer of soil with chlorine dioxide solution. Otherwise, frequent watering will cause the soil temperature to drop, which is not conducive to ginger seedling emergence. After the initial watering, repeated application of chlorine dioxide solution at intervals of 15 to 20 days ensures the elimination of pathogens in the soil, avoids excessive application which can cause drastic fluctuations in the soil environment and affect the subsequent colonization of microorganisms, and controls the application interval to ensure the growth and development of ginger.
[0017] For example, in S1, after the last application of chlorine dioxide solution following planting, a ternary microbial agent is applied.
[0018] In a further preferred embodiment, in S2, after the soil covering, a chlorine dioxide solution is applied by flushing 2 to 4 days.
[0019] For example, in S2, the hilling includes a first small hilling, a second small hilling, and a third large hilling.
[0020] For example, the first small hilling is done in mid-July, and the ginger grows 3 to 5 branches; the second small hilling is 15 to 20 days after the first small hilling, and the ginger generally grows 5 branches; the third large hilling is 15 to 20 days after the second small hilling, and the ginger generally grows 5 to 7 branches.
[0021] It should be noted that a chlorine dioxide solution should be applied after the first, second, and third small hilling processes are completed.
[0022] For example, in S2, chlorine dioxide solution is applied 2-4 days after the completion of the first small hilling, the second small hilling, and the third large hilling.
[0023] More preferably, in S2, the application rate of the chlorine dioxide solution is 3-5 t / mu.
[0024] Since the hilling operation may cause the transfer of pathogens by turning over and covering the rhizosphere soil, the pathogens of ginger wilt are in an active infection period at this stage. During the soil stabilization period of 2 to 4 days after the hilling is completed, the application of chlorine dioxide solution can disinfect and block the pathogens in the active period. At the same time, reducing the application rate to 3 to 5 t / mu also ensures the natural healing and development of ginger root damage.
[0025] It should be further noted that in S2, when a hot and rainy season occurs during the soil preparation stage, the soil is irrigated with a 20-30 ppm chlorine dioxide solution after the rain has stopped and the sun has come out.
[0026] Ginger wilt disease is prone to outbreaks during hot and rainy seasons. On the one hand, ginger is a shallow-rooted crop, and poor soil drainage during hot and rainy seasons leads to poor permeability, exacerbating the root respiration burden. Simultaneously, rainwater erosion damages leaves, significantly weakening the crop's disease resistance. On the other hand, the high temperature and humidity of the rainy season provide an anaerobic environment for the growth of pathogens in the soil, and the flow of water in soil pores directly promotes the transfer and rapid reproduction of pathogens. Therefore, this invention involves applying 20-30 ppm chlorine dioxide solution to the soil during the hilling stage in hot and rainy seasons. This effectively kills bacteria in a high-bacterial-content environment, thus interrupting the transmission chain, while having minimal inhibitory effect on ginger growth.
[0027] Preferably, in S1 and S2, the ratio of viable bacteria of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus polymyxa in the ternary microbial agent is (8-12):1:1.
[0028] More preferably, in S1 and S2, the concentration of the ternary microbial agent is 1×10⁻⁶. 7 ~3×10 7 CFU / mL.
[0029] For example, in S2, the ternary microbial agent is applied after the last application of chlorine dioxide solution.
[0030] Preferably, in S1 and S2, the ternary microbial agent is applied 3 to 5 days after the chlorine dioxide solution is applied.
[0031] More preferably, in S1 and S2, the application rate of the ternary microbial agent is 1-3 t / mu.
[0032] In the ternary microbial inoculant, the ratio of viable bacteria of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Bacillus polymyxa is (8-12):1:1. Bacillus subtilis is the most resistant species in the inoculant. A large number of Bacillus subtilis can rapidly proliferate in the soil, establish a dominant microbial community, and thus competitively inhibit the pathogen of ginger wilt. Meanwhile, the same amount of viable bacteria of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus polymyxa ensures the continuous inhibition of harmful bacteria and the promotion of crop growth.
[0033] The concentration of the ternary microbial inoculant used is 1×10⁻⁶. 7 ~3×10 7The concentration of CFU / mL ensures that Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Bacillus polymyxa can rapidly colonize the sterilized soil environment at a sufficient density. Too low a concentration will result in insufficient microbial competition, making it difficult to form an effective soil microecology; too high a concentration will easily lead to excessive consumption of soil nutrients, which is detrimental to ginger root development. Therefore, this concentration range maximizes the inhibitory effect of beneficial bacteria on the growth of ginger wilt pathogens while synergistically promoting ginger root development. Three to five days after the chlorine dioxide solution application, a ternary microbial agent is applied to ensure the complete decomposition of the chlorine dioxide solution in the soil environment and to avoid affecting microbial colonization.
[0034] More preferably, the Bacillus subtilis is derived from Beina Biotechnology, number: BNCC109047.
[0035] More preferably, the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is derived from Beina Biotechnology, number: BNCC195265.
[0036] More preferably, the polymyxa bacillus is derived from Beina Biotechnology, number: BNCC185335.
[0037] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Compared to existing methods for controlling ginger wilt, this invention abandons highly toxic and persistent chemical agents. Instead, it sterilizes the soil by applying a suitable concentration of chlorine dioxide solution after planting and hilling, during peak wilt periods. This is followed by the application of a ternary microbial agent composed of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Bacillus polymyxa. This method combines the broad-spectrum, high-efficiency, rapid, and residue-free sterilization properties of chlorine dioxide with the ecological restoration effects of the microbial agent, effectively controlling ginger wilt while maintaining soil microecological balance. This method is effective, low in toxicity, residue-free, environmentally friendly, and easy to operate, making it highly valuable for widespread application. Detailed Implementation
[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.
[0039] In the embodiments and comparative examples of this invention, *Bacillus subtilis* was sourced from Beina Biotechnology (number: BNCC109047); *Bacillus amyloliquefaciens* was sourced from Beina Biotechnology (number: BNCC195265); *Bacillus polymyxa* was sourced from Beina Biotechnology (number: BNCC185335); and *Bacillus laterosporus* was sourced from Beina Biotechnology (number: BNCC361974). Chlorine dioxide powder was sourced from Shijiazhuang Weike Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and calcium hypochlorite powder was sourced from Hebei Guanghui Industrial Co., Ltd.
[0040] Small-plot experiments were conducted in Gaocheng District, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, with each plot measuring 80m². 2 Each experimental plot was planted with 600 ginger plants, with appropriate spacing between plots. The ginger seed was selected from Jijiang No. 1. The following examples and comparative examples were conducted. The effects of each example were characterized by the rate of ginger wilt disease throughout the growing season and the yield of ginger at harvest.
[0041] Example 1 This embodiment provides a method for preventing and controlling ginger wilt disease, including the following steps: Take 1000g of chlorine dioxide powder (content 10%) and place it in a dark plastic bucket. Add water to 100L and dissolve it evenly. Activate it in a dark, sealed container for 15 minutes to obtain a chlorine dioxide mother liquor of 1.0g / L, which should be prepared immediately before use. S1. On March 28, 2025, after transplanting and covering the ginger with soil, and during watering, the chlorine dioxide stock solution was diluted to a concentration of 10 ppm and applied to the soil at a rate of 10 t / mu. On April 12, a second application of the 10 ppm chlorine dioxide solution was made, at a rate of 10 t / mu. On the evening of April 16, a three-component microbial agent consisting of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Bacillus polymyxa was prepared, with a live bacteria ratio of 10:1:1 and an agent concentration of 2×10⁻⁶. 7 CFU / mL, application rate is 2t / mu; S2. During the hilling stage of ginger cultivation, the first hilling was completed on July 13th. On the evening of July 16th, the chlorine dioxide mother liquor was diluted to a concentration of 25 ppm and applied to the soil at a rate of 4 t / mu. The second hilling was completed on July 28th. On the evening of July 31st, the chlorine dioxide mother liquor was diluted to a concentration of 25 ppm and applied to the soil at a rate of 4 t / mu. The third hilling was completed on August 12th. On the evening of August 15th, the chlorine dioxide mother liquor was diluted to a concentration of 25 ppm and applied to the soil at a rate of 4 t / mu. Due to heavy rainfall in the region from August 19th to 20th, an additional application of chlorine dioxide solution at a concentration of 25 ppm was carried out on the evening of August 22nd, at a rate of 4 t / mu. On the evening of August 26, a ternary microbial inoculant consisting of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Bacillus polymyxa was prepared, with a live bacteria ratio of 10:1:1 and an inoculant concentration of 2×10⁻⁶. 7CFU / mL, application rate is 2t / mu.
[0042] Example 2 This embodiment provides a method for preventing and controlling ginger wilt disease, including the following steps: The preparation method of chlorine dioxide mother liquor is the same as in Example 1; S1. On March 28, 2025, after transplanting and covering the ginger with soil, and during watering, the chlorine dioxide stock solution was diluted to a concentration of 5 ppm and applied to the soil at a rate of 10 t / mu. On April 12, a second application of the 5 ppm chlorine dioxide solution was made, at a rate of 10 t / mu. On the evening of April 16, a three-component microbial agent consisting of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Bacillus polymyxa was prepared, with a live bacteria ratio of 10:1:1 and an agent concentration of 2×10⁻⁶. 7 CFU / mL, application rate is 2t / mu; S2. During the hilling stage of ginger cultivation, the first hilling was completed on July 13th. On the evening of July 16th, the chlorine dioxide mother liquor was diluted to a concentration of 20 ppm and applied to the soil at a rate of 4 t / mu. The second hilling was completed on July 28th. On the evening of July 31st, the chlorine dioxide mother liquor was diluted to a concentration of 20 ppm and applied to the soil at a rate of 4 t / mu. The third hilling was completed on August 12th. On the evening of August 15th, the chlorine dioxide mother liquor was diluted to a concentration of 20 ppm and applied to the soil at a rate of 4 t / mu. Due to heavy rainfall in the region from August 19th to 20th, an additional application of chlorine dioxide solution at a concentration of 20 ppm was carried out on the evening of August 22nd, at a rate of 4 t / mu. On the evening of August 26, a ternary microbial inoculant consisting of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Bacillus polymyxa was prepared, with a live bacteria ratio of 10:1:1 and an inoculant concentration of 2×10⁻⁶. 7 CFU / mL, application rate is 2t / mu.
[0043] Example 3 This embodiment provides a method for preventing and controlling ginger wilt disease, including the following steps: The preparation method of chlorine dioxide mother liquor is the same as in Example 1; S1. On March 28, 2025, after transplanting and covering the ginger with soil, and during watering, the chlorine dioxide stock solution was diluted to a concentration of 15 ppm and applied to the soil at a rate of 10 t / mu. On April 12, a second application of the 15 ppm chlorine dioxide solution was made, at a rate of 10 t / mu. On the evening of April 16, a three-component microbial agent consisting of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Bacillus polymyxa was prepared, with a live bacteria ratio of 10:1:1 and an agent concentration of 2×10⁻⁶. 7 CFU / mL, application rate is 2t / mu; S2. During the hilling stage of ginger cultivation, the first hilling was completed on July 13th. On the evening of July 16th, the chlorine dioxide mother liquor was diluted to a concentration of 30 ppm and applied to the soil at a rate of 4 t / mu. The second hilling was completed on July 28th. On the evening of July 31st, the chlorine dioxide mother liquor was diluted to a concentration of 30 ppm and applied to the soil at a rate of 4 t / mu. The third hilling was completed on August 12th. On the evening of August 15th, the chlorine dioxide mother liquor was diluted to a concentration of 30 ppm and applied to the soil at a rate of 4 t / mu. Due to heavy rainfall in the region from August 19th to 20th, an additional application of chlorine dioxide solution at a concentration of 30 ppm was carried out on the evening of August 22nd, at a rate of 4 t / mu. On the evening of August 26, a ternary microbial inoculant consisting of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Bacillus polymyxa was prepared, with a live bacteria ratio of 10:1:1 and an inoculant concentration of 2×10⁻⁶. 7 CFU / mL, application rate is 2t / mu.
[0044] Example 4 This embodiment provides a method for preventing and controlling ginger wilt disease, including the following steps: The preparation method of chlorine dioxide mother liquor is the same as in Example 1; S1. On March 28, 2025, after transplanting and covering the ginger with soil, and during watering, the chlorine dioxide stock solution was diluted to a concentration of 10 ppm and applied to the soil at a rate of 10 t / mu. On April 12, a second application of the 10 ppm chlorine dioxide solution was made, at a rate of 10 t / mu. On the evening of April 16, a three-component microbial agent consisting of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Bacillus polymyxa was prepared, with a live bacteria ratio of 8:1:1 and an agent concentration of 1×10⁻⁶. 7 CFU / mL, application rate is 1t / mu; S2. During the hilling stage of ginger cultivation, the first hilling was completed on July 13th. On the evening of July 16th, the chlorine dioxide mother liquor was diluted to a concentration of 25 ppm and applied to the soil at a rate of 4 t / mu. The second hilling was completed on July 28th. On the evening of July 31st, the chlorine dioxide mother liquor was diluted to a concentration of 25 ppm and applied to the soil at a rate of 4 t / mu. The third hilling was completed on August 12th. On the evening of August 15th, the chlorine dioxide mother liquor was diluted to a concentration of 25 ppm and applied to the soil at a rate of 4 t / mu. Due to heavy rainfall in the region from August 19th to 20th, an additional application of chlorine dioxide solution at a concentration of 25 ppm was carried out on the evening of August 22nd, at a rate of 4 t / mu. On the evening of August 26, a ternary microbial inoculant consisting of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Bacillus polymyxa was prepared, with a live bacteria ratio of 8:1:1 and an inoculant concentration of 1×10⁻⁶. 7 CFU / mL, application rate is 1t / mu.
[0045] Example 5 This embodiment provides a method for preventing and controlling ginger wilt disease, including the following steps: The preparation method of chlorine dioxide mother liquor is the same as in Example 1; S1. On March 28, 2025, after transplanting and covering the ginger with soil, and during watering, the chlorine dioxide stock solution was diluted to a concentration of 10 ppm and applied to the soil at a rate of 10 t / mu. On April 12, a second application of the 10 ppm chlorine dioxide solution was made, at a rate of 10 t / mu. On the evening of April 16, a three-component microbial agent consisting of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Bacillus polymyxa was prepared, with a live bacteria ratio of 12:1:1 and an agent concentration of 3×10⁻⁶. 7 CFU / mL, application rate is 3t / mu; S2. During the hilling stage of ginger cultivation, the first hilling was completed on July 13th. On the evening of July 16th, the chlorine dioxide mother liquor was diluted to a concentration of 25 ppm and applied to the soil at a rate of 4 t / mu. The second hilling was completed on July 28th. On the evening of July 31st, the chlorine dioxide mother liquor was diluted to a concentration of 25 ppm and applied to the soil at a rate of 4 t / mu. The third hilling was completed on August 12th. On the evening of August 15th, the chlorine dioxide mother liquor was diluted to a concentration of 25 ppm and applied to the soil at a rate of 4 t / mu. Due to heavy rainfall in the region from August 19th to 20th, an additional application of chlorine dioxide solution at a concentration of 25 ppm was carried out on the evening of August 22nd, at a rate of 4 t / mu. On the evening of August 26, a ternary microbial inoculant consisting of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Bacillus polymyxa was prepared, with a live bacteria ratio of 12:1:1 and an inoculant concentration of 3×10⁻⁶. 7 CFU / mL, application rate is 3t / mu.
[0046] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example provides a method for preventing and controlling ginger wilt disease, including the following steps: Take 1000g of calcium hypochlorite powder (30% available chlorine) and place it in a dark plastic bucket. Add water to 100L to dissolve it. Seal the container in the dark for 15 minutes to obtain a calcium hypochlorite mother liquor with an available chlorine concentration of 3.0g / L. S1. On March 28, 2025, after transplanting and covering the ginger plants with soil, and during the watering, the calcium hypochlorite stock solution was diluted to a concentration of 10 ppm and applied to the soil at a rate of 10 t / mu. On April 12, a second application of the 10 ppm calcium hypochlorite solution was made, at a rate of 10 t / mu. On the evening of April 16, a three-component microbial agent consisting of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Bacillus polymyxa was prepared, with a live bacteria ratio of 10:1:1 and an agent concentration of 2×10⁻⁶. 7 CFU / mL, application rate is 2t / mu; S2. During the hilling stage of ginger cultivation, the first hilling was completed on July 13th. On the evening of July 16th, the calcium hypochlorite stock solution was diluted to a concentration of 25 ppm and applied to the soil at a rate of 4 t / mu. The second hilling was completed on July 28th. On the evening of July 31st, the calcium hypochlorite stock solution was diluted to a concentration of 25 ppm and applied to the soil at a rate of 4 t / mu. The third hilling was completed on August 12th. On the evening of August 15th, the calcium hypochlorite stock solution was diluted to a concentration of 25 ppm and applied to the soil at a rate of 4 t / mu. Due to heavy rainfall in the region from August 19th to 20th, an additional application of 25 ppm calcium hypochlorite solution was carried out on the evening of August 22nd, at a rate of 4 t / mu. On the evening of August 26, a ternary microbial inoculant consisting of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Bacillus polymyxa was prepared, with a live bacteria ratio of 10:1:1 and an inoculant concentration of 2×10⁻⁶. 7 CFU / mL, application rate is 2t / mu.
[0047] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example provides a method for preventing and controlling ginger wilt disease, including the following steps: The preparation method of chlorine dioxide mother liquor is the same as in Example 1; S1. On March 28, 2025, after transplanting and covering the ginger with soil, and during watering, the chlorine dioxide stock solution was diluted to a concentration of 10 ppm and applied to the soil at a rate of 10 t / mu. On April 12, a second application of the 10 ppm chlorine dioxide solution was made, at a rate of 10 t / mu. On the evening of April 16, a three-component microbial agent consisting of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Bacillus brevis was prepared, with a live bacteria ratio of 10:1:1 and an agent concentration of 2×10⁻⁶. 7 CFU / mL, application rate is 2t / mu; S2. During the hilling stage of ginger cultivation, the first hilling was completed on July 13th. On the evening of July 16th, the chlorine dioxide mother liquor was diluted to a concentration of 25 ppm and applied to the soil at a rate of 4 t / mu. The second hilling was completed on July 28th. On the evening of July 31st, the chlorine dioxide mother liquor was diluted to a concentration of 25 ppm and applied to the soil at a rate of 4 t / mu. The third hilling was completed on August 12th. On the evening of August 15th, the chlorine dioxide mother liquor was diluted to a concentration of 25 ppm and applied to the soil at a rate of 4 t / mu. Due to heavy rainfall in the region from August 19th to 20th, an additional application of chlorine dioxide solution at a concentration of 25 ppm was carried out on the evening of August 22nd, at a rate of 4 t / mu. On the evening of August 26, a ternary microbial inoculant consisting of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Bacillus brevis was prepared, with a live bacteria ratio of 10:1:1 and an inoculant concentration of 2×10⁻⁶. 7 CFU / mL, application rate is 2t / mu.
[0048] The incidence of ginger wilt and the yield of ginger at harvest were recorded and statistically analyzed for the entire growth period of ginger in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-2. The typical symptoms of ginger wilt were irreversible yellowing of the plant leaves and brown to dark brown water-soaked rot of the underground ginger rhizomes. The incidence of ginger wilt during the growth period was calculated as the number of ginger plants infected with ginger wilt during the growth period / the total number of plants planted (600). The yield of ginger at harvest was the weight of fresh ginger harvested at the field. The statistical results are shown in Table 1.
[0049] Table 1. Statistics on ginger wilt disease incidence during the ginger growing season and ginger yield at harvest.
[0050] As shown in Table 1, compared with the comparative example, the method for preventing and controlling ginger wilt disease provided in this embodiment of the invention, by controlling the application of chlorine dioxide solution within a suitable concentration range during the period when ginger wilt is prone to occur, and then applying a ternary microbial agent composed of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Bacillus polymyxa, can effectively reduce the disease rate during the ginger growing season, effectively inhibit the proliferation of soil pathogens, and thus increase the yield of ginger at harvest.
[0051] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for preventing and controlling ginger wilt disease, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. After ginger is transplanted, apply a chlorine dioxide solution with a concentration of 5-15 ppm to the soil, followed by the application of a ternary microbial agent. S2. After hilling the ginger, apply a 20-30 ppm chlorine dioxide solution to the soil, followed by the application of a ternary microbial agent. In S1 and S2, the ternary microbial inoculant includes Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Bacillus polymyxa.
2. The method for preventing and controlling ginger wilt disease as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S1, the chlorine dioxide solution is applied 2 to 3 times.
3. The method for preventing and controlling ginger wilt disease as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S1, the application rate of the chlorine dioxide solution is 8-12 t / mu.
4. The method for preventing and controlling ginger wilt disease as described in claim 3, characterized in that, In S1, the interval between applications of the chlorine dioxide solution is 15 to 20 days.
5. The method for preventing and controlling ginger wilt disease as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S2, after the soil is laid up, a chlorine dioxide solution is applied 2-4 days later.
6. The method for preventing and controlling ginger wilt disease as described in claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, In S2, the application rate of the chlorine dioxide solution is 3-5 t / mu.
7. The method for preventing and controlling ginger wilt disease as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S1 and S2, the ratio of viable Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Bacillus polymyxa in the ternary microbial agent is (8-12):1:
1.
8. The method for preventing and controlling ginger wilt disease as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S1 and S2, the concentration of the ternary microbial agent is 1×10⁻⁶. 7 ~3×10 7 CFU / mL.
9. The method for preventing and controlling ginger wilt disease as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S1 and S2, the ternary microbial agent is applied 3 to 5 days after the chlorine dioxide solution is applied.
10. The method for preventing and controlling ginger wilt disease as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S1 and S2, the application rate of the ternary microbial agent is 1-3 t / mu.