Ultraviolet germicidal air circulating greenhouse sterilization device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of ultraviolet sterilization air circulation greenhouse sterilization device and method, belong to agricultural greenhouse environment disinfection and sterilization technical field.The device includes ultraviolet sterilization lamp module, air circulation air duct module, fan module and control module;Ultraviolet sterilization lamp module is installed in the inside of closed sterilization cavity, air circulation air duct module constructs the circulation path of greenhouse interior air, fan module drives air to flow along circulation path, and control module controls the collaborative work of each module.The application makes greenhouse air repeatedly flow through ultraviolet irradiation area by forced air circulation, realizes the efficient killing of pathogenic microorganism in air, with the characteristics of complete sterilization, comprehensive coverage, safe and reliable, intelligent energy saving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural greenhouse environmental disinfection and sterilization technology, specifically a UV sterilization air circulation greenhouse sterilization device and method, and particularly relates to a greenhouse air sterilization device and sterilization method that combines ultraviolet germicidal lamps with an air circulation ventilation system. Background Technology

[0002] In modern facility agriculture, crops in greenhouses are frequently threatened by various airborne diseases. Due to the often low temperatures, insufficient light, and high humidity in greenhouse environments, pathogenic microorganisms easily multiply and spread, leading to frequent crop diseases. For example, typical airborne diseases such as downy mildew, powdery mildew, gray mold, leaf mold, late blight, and anthracnose occur frequently in greenhouses, causing significant damage to crop growth and potentially severe yield reductions. Traditional control measures mainly rely on chemical pesticides, but long-term, excessive use of pesticides leads to a series of problems: on the one hand, pathogenic microorganisms easily develop resistance, reducing pesticide efficacy; on the other hand, excessive pesticide residues affect vegetable quality, and environmental pollution caused by chemical agents is becoming increasingly serious. This reliance on pesticides for disease control has created a vicious cycle. Therefore, finding an efficient physical disinfection method to suppress greenhouse diseases is of great significance.

[0003] In the field of environmental disinfection, there are already ideas combining ultraviolet lamps with ventilation equipment. For example, one utility model adds a disinfection chamber with air inlets and outlets inside a traditional fan, housing an ultraviolet lamp. When the fan is running, air is forced to flow through this disinfection space and is irradiated by ultraviolet light, thus achieving air circulation and disinfection. This design, by installing ultraviolet lamps in the fan's airflow path, allows the fan to not only transport air but also simultaneously sterilize and purify it. More importantly, because a specially designed sealed disinfection chamber is set up inside the fan, ultraviolet light will not leak out, making it safe for outside personnel. This shows that using a sealed ultraviolet chamber in conjunction with air circulation is a feasible and safe air disinfection solution. However, conventional fans with ultraviolet light are mostly used in small indoor spaces or air conditioning ventilation ducts, with limited airflow, and may not be suitable for the overall air circulation of larger spaces like greenhouses, especially in terms of comprehensive circulation covering near the ground surface.

[0004] In recent years, some air sterilization devices for agricultural applications have also emerged. For example, one design integrates a deep ultraviolet (UV) LED array within a UV-protected airflow duct, working in conjunction with a fan to achieve deep air sterilization. This device uses multiple UVC-band LEDs evenly distributed along the duct's inner wall. When powered on, a high-intensity UV field is created within the duct. The fan draws air into the duct for sterilization before expelling it. Simultaneously, the duct wall and outer shell materials prevent UVC leakage, ensuring safe operation even in occupied environments. This type of LED UV air sterilizer is compact, energy-efficient, environmentally friendly, mercury-free, and suitable for indoor air circulation sterilization. However, when used in greenhouses, factors such as larger greenhouse volume and more complex air circulation paths need to be considered. Another proposed "vehicle-mounted mobile" ultraviolet sterilizer for greenhouses utilizes a device equipped with a fan and multiple high-intensity ultraviolet lamps to generate a strong airflow within the greenhouse. It combines multiple 253.7nm UVC lamps and 185nm ultraviolet ozone lamps to irradiate the air within the air ducts, releasing low concentrations of ozone, hydroxyl radicals, and negative ions into every corner of the greenhouse to rapidly kill pathogens. This invention boasts a complex structure and diverse sterilization methods, claiming to efficiently and rapidly eliminate airborne pathogens. However, its method of using multiple chemical substances (ozone, free radicals) to diffuse throughout the greenhouse space for sterilization raises concerns about crop safety and human health. Furthermore, the equipment is costly and complex to operate, making it unsuitable for long-term, routine use in typical small greenhouses. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a greenhouse air sterilization device and method that combines ultraviolet germicidal lamps and an air circulation system, thereby significantly improving the efficiency and scope of air disinfection and sterilization in greenhouses, reducing the spread of plant diseases, and decreasing dependence on chemical pesticides.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an ultraviolet sterilization air circulation greenhouse sterilization device, comprising:

[0009] An ultraviolet germicidal lamp module is installed inside a closed sterilization chamber and is used to sterilize the air flowing through the sterilization chamber by ultraviolet irradiation.

[0010] An air circulation duct module is used to construct the air circulation path inside the greenhouse, including an air supply duct and a return air duct. The air supply duct sends sterilized air back to the greenhouse space, and the return air duct introduces the air to be sterilized into the sterilization chamber.

[0011] A fan module, located in the circulation path, is used to drive air to flow along the circulation path;

[0012] The control module is electrically connected to the ultraviolet germicidal lamp module and the fan module respectively, and is used to control the start-up, operation and stop of the ultraviolet germicidal lamp module and the fan module.

[0013] Furthermore, the ultraviolet germicidal lamp module employs a deep ultraviolet LED array lamp, installed inside the sterilization chamber, so that the passing air is surrounded by irradiation. The sterilization chamber is a closed structure, constructed of a material opaque to UVC to prevent ultraviolet leakage; the air circulation duct module defines the airflow path, actively guiding the air in the greenhouse through the sterilization chamber; the control module coordinates the working sequence and safety protection of each module.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the air circulation duct module adopts a circulation path layout with top air supply and bottom air return. The air supply duct is located at the top of the greenhouse and has an air supply port facing downwards, while the air return duct is located near the ground surface of the greenhouse and has an air return port.

[0015] Furthermore, the layout of top-supply and bottom-return air forms a basically closed loop: air is drawn from the bottom of the greenhouse, sterilized by ultraviolet light, and then sent out from the top, slowly sinking back to the bottom and being drawn in again. This cycle repeats continuously, ensuring that the entire volume of air in the greenhouse participates in the circulation, including the air near the crop canopy and the ground surface.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, the sterilization chamber is made of a material that is opaque to ultraviolet light, and the inner wall of the sterilization chamber is provided with a reflective layer for reflecting ultraviolet light and coated with a photocatalytic sterilization material coating.

[0017] Furthermore, the reflective layer can reflect the light emitted by the ultraviolet lamp multiple times within the cavity, improving the utilization rate of ultraviolet light and the probability of microorganisms in the air being irradiated; the photocatalytic coating generates strong oxidizing free radicals under ultraviolet irradiation, which can help decompose and kill organic pollutants, achieving multiple sterilization effects.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, the ultraviolet germicidal lamp module adopts a deep ultraviolet LED array lamp, which operates in a pulse modulation mode, with multiple LED beads evenly distributed along the extension direction of the sterilization cavity.

[0019] Furthermore, pulse modulation can provide high light intensity instantly to improve sterilization efficiency, while reducing continuous exposure to heat and saving energy. Multiple LED beads are evenly distributed along the pipe to ensure that the air flowing through it receives a uniform ultraviolet dose. The deep ultraviolet LED array lamp emits a wavelength concentrated in UVC with a peak wavelength of about 280nm, which can efficiently kill bacteria, fungal spores and other microorganisms in the air.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment, the fan module is located at the inlet of the sterilization chamber and uses a negative pressure suction method to draw greenhouse return air into the sterilization chamber.

[0021] Furthermore, the fan module is located at the inlet of the sterilization chamber (near the air supply duct). The number and layout of the fans can be adjusted according to the size of the greenhouse: for larger greenhouses, multiple fan / sterilization unit combinations can be set up in different areas to ensure that the air circulation path covers every corner; for longer air ducts, two or more fans can be connected in series in the duct to overcome resistance and ensure sufficient air volume at the far end.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment, the fan module can also be installed at the outlet of the sterilization chamber, using a positive pressure blowing method to push the sterilized air forward.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment, the control module includes a sensing component, which is used to detect environmental parameters in the greenhouse and operating parameters of the ultraviolet germicidal lamp module and feed them back to the control module. The control module adjusts the operating status of the ultraviolet germicidal lamp module and the fan module according to the parameters fed back by the sensing component.

[0024] Furthermore, the sensing component transmits the detected environmental parameters and UV lamp operating parameters to the core controller of the control module. The controller dynamically adjusts the system operation according to preset conditions, including but not limited to increasing the sterilization frequency or extending the running time when the humidity is consistently high and the temperature is suitable for disease outbreaks, and promptly reminding users to replace the lamp source by using the UV intensity sensor to provide feedback on the lamp output attenuation.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment, the sensing component includes at least one of a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an ultraviolet intensity sensor, and an airflow sensor.

[0026] Furthermore, temperature and humidity sensors are used to monitor the greenhouse environment, ultraviolet intensity sensors are used to monitor lamp output attenuation and promptly remind users to replace the lamp source, and airflow velocity sensors are used to monitor airflow velocity in the duct to ensure the residence time of air in the ultraviolet zone.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment, the control module further includes a safety interlock unit, which is connected to a personnel detection sensor. When a person is detected entering the greenhouse, the safety interlock unit controls the ultraviolet germicidal lamp module to turn off.

[0028] Furthermore, the safety interlock unit is linked with the access control or human infrared sensor. When someone enters, the ultraviolet light is automatically turned off and an alarm is triggered to ensure personnel safety. After a certain delay after the person leaves, the ultraviolet light is turned back on.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment, the sterilization chamber is further provided with an ozone generating unit, which is electrically connected to the control module and is used to generate ozone in the sterilization chamber to assist in sterilization.

[0030] Furthermore, the ozone generating unit can employ a 185nm wavelength deep ultraviolet LED or a 185nm mercury lamp as an auxiliary lamp to produce low-concentration ozone. The ozone generation amount is adjusted by a controller to maintain the ozone concentration released into the greenhouse within a safe threshold. Ozone is diffusive in the air and can reach corners that ultraviolet rays may not be able to reach, thus providing a continuous antibacterial and disinfecting effect on the air and object surfaces.

[0031] On the other hand, the present invention also proposes a method for sterilizing greenhouse air by combining ultraviolet germicidal lamps with an air circulation system, comprising the following steps:

[0032] Activate the ultraviolet germicidal lamp module to create an ultraviolet irradiation area within the sterilization chamber;

[0033] The fan module is started, driving the air in the greenhouse to enter the sterilization chamber through the return air channel. The air is sterilized by ultraviolet radiation as it flows through the sterilization chamber.

[0034] The sterilized air is sent back to the greenhouse space from the top of the greenhouse through the air supply channel, forming a circulation loop of top air supply and bottom air return;

[0035] After multiple cycles, the ultraviolet germicidal lamp module and the fan module are stopped.

[0036] Furthermore, in the method, the system runs continuously for a sufficient time according to the set state to achieve the target sterilization effect, and the cumulative running time of the fan is sufficient for the greenhouse air to complete multiple complete air exchanges; during the operation, the fan maintains a low speed to ensure that the airflow is stable and without violent turbulence, so that the ultraviolet radiation effect time is maximized and the air parameters change slowly; the control module continuously monitors the data of each sensor, and if someone accidentally enters the greenhouse, the ultraviolet lamp is immediately turned off and an alarm is triggered.

[0037] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a UV sterilization air circulation greenhouse sterilization device and method, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] I. This invention uses forced air circulation to repeatedly pass the air throughout the room through the ultraviolet irradiation zone, which greatly improves the kill rate of pathogenic microorganisms (spores, bacteria, etc.) in the air. Compared with the method of using ultraviolet lamps in still air, this device can actively capture and kill germs that are free in various parts of the air, achieving a sterilization effect that covers the entire space.

[0040] Second, the air duct and fan layout of the device of this invention have been optimized, solving the problem of air stagnation dead zones that are prone to occur in traditional ultraviolet disinfection. Especially for near-surface air, since many pathogenic spores settle or remain near the base of crops, this invention actively draws in surface air through the bottom return air vent, ensuring that this part of the air also enters the sterilization cycle. Top air supply allows clean air to diffuse throughout the entire space from top to bottom, realizing the replacement of air between the upper and lower layers. Even in the corners and sheltered areas of the greenhouse, the air will be drawn into the overall circulation after a period of operation, truly achieving the goal of disinfecting every volume of air in the greenhouse.

[0041] Third, this invention fully considers the safety of ultraviolet light to humans and crops. The ultraviolet lamp is installed in a closed cavity or pipe, so the ultraviolet light will not leak out and cause harm to the environment; at the same time, the use of reflective materials and cavity structure improves the efficiency of ultraviolet light in interacting with the air, reduces the number of lamps and power requirements, and lowers the intensity of ultraviolet radiation.

[0042] Fourth, the device of this invention is equipped with an intelligent control module, which can automatically start, stop, and adjust as needed, greatly improving energy efficiency. When the environment does not require frequent disinfection, the system can go into standby mode to avoid energy waste; when high-risk conditions for disease are detected, it can be activated in time to strengthen protection.

[0043] V. This invention, through a unique combination of technologies, achieves a sterilization effect that is difficult to achieve with traditional greenhouse air disinfection methods. The device has a simple structure, is easy to implement, has low operating costs, and produces significant results. It has significant advantages in ensuring crop health and biosecurity, and has broad application prospects and promotional value. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the air circulation path of the device of the present invention in a greenhouse;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a block diagram of the control system principle of the device of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the device of the present invention, which adopts a multi-fan, multi-duct layout or a mobile sterilization device form.

[0048] In the diagram: 1. Ultraviolet germicidal lamp module; 2. Sterilization chamber; 3. Fan module; 4. Control module; 5. Sensing components. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To better understand the purpose, structure, and function of this invention, the following will further describe a UV sterilization air circulation greenhouse sterilization device and method in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0050] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the exoskeleton device for assisting lower limb movement and standing provided by the present invention mainly includes an ultraviolet germicidal lamp module 1, an air circulation duct module, a fan module 3, and a control module 4. The modules work together to form the overall system structure.

[0051] The ultraviolet germicidal lamp module 1 uses a deep ultraviolet LED array lamp, with its emission band concentrated in UVC (peak wavelength around 280nm), which can efficiently kill bacteria, fungal spores, and other microorganisms in the air. This ultraviolet lamp operates in a pulsed mode; pulse modulation can provide high light intensity instantaneously to improve sterilization efficiency, while reducing continuous exposure heat and saving energy. The ultraviolet lamp module is fixedly installed inside the sterilization chamber 2 (part of the air duct module), so that the passing air is subjected to... Surrounded by ultraviolet radiation, to prevent the leakage and harm of UVC, the sterilization chamber 2 is made of a UVC-opaque material, and its inner wall is lined with a highly reflective ultraviolet film and coated with a photocatalytic sterilization material (such as Ti). (Photocatalyst); the reflective film can reflect the light emitted by the ultraviolet lamp multiple times within the cavity, improving the utilization rate of ultraviolet light and the probability of airborne microorganisms being irradiated; the photocatalytic coating generates strong oxidizing free radicals under ultraviolet irradiation, which can help decompose and kill organic pollutants, achieving multiple sterilization effects. In addition, the cavity is designed as a slender pipe shape, which facilitates air passage and extends the air's residence path in the ultraviolet zone; multiple LED beads are evenly distributed along the pipe to ensure that the flowing air receives a uniform ultraviolet dose.

[0052] Specifically, the air circulation duct module is used to define and guide the airflow path, including two parts: an air supply duct and a return air duct (parts of which can be shared). The air supply duct is used to transport sterilized air back to the greenhouse space, while the return air duct is used to collect the air to be disinfected in the greenhouse and introduce it into the sterilization chamber 2. In a preferred embodiment, the duct module adopts a loop layout with top air supply and bottom air return: an air supply duct is installed along a certain length at the top of the greenhouse, and several downward-facing air outlets are opened at the end of the duct or along its path. Figure 2 As shown, clean air is supplied to all areas of the greenhouse. Return air vents are installed near the ground surface, guiding lower air through return air ducts or air tunnels to the inlet of the UV sterilization chamber 2. This forms a essentially closed loop: air is drawn from the lower part of the greenhouse, sterilized by UV light, then expelled from the upper part, slowly sinking back to the lower part, and drawn back in, repeating the cycle. This design ensures that the entire volume of air within the greenhouse participates in the circulation, including air near the crop canopy and the surface layer, preventing the retention of pathogenic spores in the near-surface quiescent layer.

[0053] Furthermore, the specific form of the ventilation system can be adjusted according to the greenhouse structure, and is not limited to rigid pipes. For some small greenhouses, flexible ventilation ducts (such as suspended perforated air supply bags) can be used, which reduces weight and can evenly distribute airflow. Regardless of the form, the key is to arrange reasonable air inlet and outlet positions and passages so that air flows along a set circulation path and necessarily passes through the ultraviolet irradiation chamber. The size of the ventilation duct should be designed according to the greenhouse volume and the required air volume to ensure sufficient circulation and ventilation rate without being too large and affecting greenhouse lighting or operations.

[0054] The fan module 3 typically includes one or more electric fans to drive airflow within the aforementioned duct. Centrifugal or axial fans can be selected as needed. In this invention, a low-noise, long-life brushless motor fan is preferred as the power source. Brushless fans are not only highly efficient and easy to speed-adjust, but also operate smoothly, avoiding significant vibration and noise interference to the greenhouse environment. The fans can be installed in two typical ways: one is at the inlet of the ultraviolet sterilization chamber 2, used to actively draw greenhouse return air into the chamber (negative pressure intake); the other is at the outlet of the chamber, used to push sterilized air forward (positive pressure exhaust). In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the fans are located at the inlet of the sterilization chamber 2. The number and layout of the fans can be adjusted according to the greenhouse size: for larger greenhouses, multiple fans and sterilization units can be combined in different areas to ensure airflow reaches every corner; for longer ducts, two or more fans can be connected in series in the duct to overcome resistance and ensure sufficient airflow even at distant locations.

[0055] On the other hand, the control module 4 of this invention includes electrical control circuits, timing and sensing components, human-machine interface, etc. The core of the control module 4 can be a programmable logic controller (PLC) or a microcontroller unit (MCU) for coordinating the operation of the ultraviolet lamp and the fan.

[0056] The control module 4 shall have at least the following functions: timed control (turning on or off the UV lamp and fan according to a preset schedule to achieve periodic sterilization), manual or automatic mode switching, safety interlock (such as linkage with access control or personnel detection sensors to turn off the UV lamp when someone enters), and status indication (displaying the working status through indicator lights or display screen).

[0057] This invention supports the integration of multiple sensors to achieve intelligent control. Specifically, these may include environmental sensors such as temperature sensors, humidity sensors, light sensors, and disease spore concentration monitoring sensors (e.g., dust particle sensors as a reference for spore count), as well as ultraviolet intensity sensors (monitoring lamp output attenuation), airflow sensors, and ozone concentration sensors (e.g., when using ozone-producing lamps). This sensor data can be used to dynamically adjust system operation. For example, when humidity remains high and temperatures are suitable for disease outbreaks, the controller can increase sterilization frequency or extend operating time; similarly, by using ultraviolet intensity sensors to report ultraviolet lamp output attenuation, timely reminders can be made to replace the lamp source to ensure effectiveness.

[0058] Furthermore, the optimized air circulation path of this invention is manifested in the following ways:

[0059] An air circulation path with top air supply and bottom air return was designed (e.g.) Figure 2 As shown in the diagram, this is the preferred solution selected based on the analysis and comparison of airflow characteristics within the greenhouse. In this layout, clean air, disinfected by ultraviolet light, is slowly delivered from the top of the greenhouse, forming a top-down airflow. This facilitates the settling and carrying of floating spore particles to the ground return air vents. Simultaneously, it utilizes the convection trend of hot air rising and cold air sinking within the greenhouse to achieve relatively uniform circulation throughout the space. Furthermore, the top-supply, bottom-return pattern effectively covers the crop canopy and near-ground surface because the return air vents, located at the bottom, actively draw in air from these areas. In comparison, other possible circulation methods have also been considered in this invention, such as:

[0060] Bottom-supply, top-return airflow: This method involves supplying clean air from the bottom and recovering it from the top. It utilizes the upward circulation of airflow, combined with the rising of warm air, to quickly remove cold, moist air from the ground. However, its disadvantages include the potential to blow dust and spores directly onto crop leaves, and the top-return airflow may cause short-circuiting of the upper airflow, leaving stagnant areas at the bottom, making it less effective than top-supply, bottom-return airflow for more even coverage of the lower layers.

[0061] Horizontal circulation: This method utilizes multiple horizontal circulating fans installed on or above the greenhouse sidewalls to promote horizontal air circulation. This is commonly used in greenhouses to even out temperature and humidity, but for sterilization, UV lamps need to be placed where the airflow passes. For example, UV lamps can be installed on the fan outlet side or air can pass through ducts containing UV lamps. This layout is relatively simple, requiring no long ducts, but because the airflow is mainly parallel to the ground, it easily leads to stratification: the upper layer of airflow is sufficient while the airflow near the ground is weak, resulting in poor sterilization at the bottom. To improve this, it may be necessary to arrange multiple layers of circulating fans at different heights, increasing system complexity.

[0062] Considering both comprehensive coverage and ease of implementation, this invention preferably adopts a vertical circulation (top air supply, bottom air return) scheme as the main implementation method. Of course, for greenhouses with specific structures, horizontal or other circulation methods are also within the scope of protection of this invention. Applicants can select or combine different airflow organization forms as needed during specific implementation, as long as the core requirement of ensuring that the air passes through the ultraviolet irradiation zone multiple times is met.

[0063] Based on the above description, the working principle and method of the device of the present invention can be clearly understood as follows:

[0064] When the device of this invention is in operation, a fan drives a closed or semi-closed air circulation loop inside the greenhouse, with all air constantly exchanging and flowing between the greenhouse and the device. Each time the air circulates, it passes through the area irradiated by the ultraviolet germicidal lamp, where pathogenic spores and bacterial particles are killed or inactivated by the strong ultraviolet light. Multiple cycles further improve the sterilization rate, increasing the probability that any remaining microorganisms not irradiated in the first cycle will be captured and irradiated in subsequent cycles. Due to the low-speed, long-stay design, the air remains within the ultraviolet lamp cavity for a relatively long time, ensuring a sufficient ultraviolet dose. This compensates for insufficient light intensity in a single pass, achieving a high kill rate by trading time for dosage. Furthermore, the ultraviolet disinfection lamp uses an LED light source, allowing for instantaneous switching and modulation. The control system can turn on the ultraviolet lamp when air enters the sterilization cavity 2 and turn it off or reduce the lamp power when the air is exhausted, thereby reducing unnecessary irradiation waste. This on-demand pulse irradiation method reduces energy consumption and extends lamp life while ensuring sterilization effectiveness.

[0065] It should be noted that the device of this invention primarily uses UVC ultraviolet light for physical sterilization of the air. In some optional embodiments, the device can also be combined with other synergistic sterilization methods, such as: adding an ozone generating unit (using a 185nm ultraviolet lamp or an independent corona discharge device to generate trace amounts of ozone) within the sterilization chamber 2, so that the exhaust air contains a low concentration of ozone (controlled within a safe range of <0.1ppm), continuously killing germs and purifying the air in the greenhouse space; or configuring a negative ion generator near the air outlet to release a high concentration of negative ions into the air. The negative ions can combine with suspended germs and kill them or promote their coagulation and sedimentation through the action of an electric field. Studies have shown that the combined effect of low-concentration ozone and high-concentration negative ions can produce a significant synergistic sterilization effect. This invention maintains open compatibility with these additional technologies and can be selected and added according to application requirements to further improve sterilization performance. However, in general applications, relying solely on ultraviolet physical disinfection is already sufficiently efficient and produces no chemical byproducts. Therefore, the basic scheme of this device focuses on the combination of ultraviolet sterilization and air circulation.

[0066] Based on the above-described apparatus, the present invention also provides a method for sterilizing greenhouse air, the steps of which are as follows:

[0067] 1. Installation and Layout: Install the air sterilization device in a suitable location within the greenhouse. Select one end or side of the greenhouse, fix the ultraviolet sterilization chamber 2 and the fan in place, and lay the air supply duct to the top of the greenhouse and the return air duct to the bottom. Ensure that the air supply vent faces the inside of the greenhouse without obstruction, and the return air vent is located near the ground and has a protective net to prevent debris from being sucked in. Connect the electrical wiring of each module to the control module 4 and the power supply, and install sensors (if any) in the appropriate locations (environmental sensors in the center of the greenhouse, human body sensors at the entrance, etc.).

[0068] 2. Parameter Setting: Based on the greenhouse size and sterilization requirements, set the operating parameters in control module 4. For example, set the UV lamp working mode to pulse or continuous, set the fan speed level (low speed priority, ensuring a wind speed of approximately 1 m / s to extend the irradiation time), and set the duration of each disinfection run and the number of disinfections per day or the time period. If there is an automatic mode, you can set the start threshold (e.g., start when humidity > 85%, or start every night) and safety interlock conditions (e.g., automatically stop the lights when the human sensor is activated).

[0069] 3. Start-up and Operation: When air sterilization is required, the control module issues a command to start the system. First, the ultraviolet germicidal lamps illuminate to reach the predetermined power output. Then, the fan starts running, gradually drawing air from the greenhouse into the sterilization chamber. As the air flows through the ultraviolet chamber, the microorganisms it contains are inactivated by the strong ultraviolet radiation. Subsequently, the air is compressed by the fan and slowly returned to the greenhouse through the air supply ducts at the top. The air in the entire greenhouse space is driven to form a circulating flow (the airflow direction can be observed through a light smoke to confirm the coverage area). During operation, the control module continuously monitors data from various sensors: for example, the ultraviolet intensity sensor ensures stable lamp output, the temperature and humidity sensor records environmental conditions, and the safety sensor monitors personnel entry and exit. If someone accidentally enters the greenhouse or opens the door (triggering the door magnetic switch / infrared sensor), the control module should immediately shut off the ultraviolet lamps and trigger an alarm to ensure safety.

[0070] 4. Continuous Sterilization: The system runs continuously for a sufficient time according to the set conditions to achieve the target sterilization effect. Typically, the cumulative running time of the fan is required to allow the air in the entire greenhouse to complete several complete cycles. For example, if the greenhouse volume is V and the fan airflow is Q, the running time must satisfy t ≥ This process requires approximately N air exchange cycles to complete. In practice, N is typically set to 5 to 10 cycles to ensure that over 90% of airborne microorganisms are killed. This is due to the cumulative effect of multiple cycles, which significantly improves the sterilization rate. For common bacterial spores, the lethal dose of ultraviolet light can be reached within 1 second. At low speeds, a single cycle of irradiation lasting several seconds can achieve high sterilization levels. Combined with multiple cycles, this can eliminate the vast majority of suspended bacterial spores. During operation, the fan maintains a low speed to ensure stable airflow without violent turbulence, maximizing the ultraviolet light exposure time and minimizing changes in air parameters.

[0071] 5. Stop and Resume: Upon reaching the set time or when the controller determines that sterilization is complete, the system will automatically shut off the UV lamps and fans. If ozone assistance was used, wait a few minutes for the residual ozone to decompose into oxygen before allowing personnel to enter. After the system stops, the air inside the greenhouse will gradually return to a natural state. Unless there are special circumstances, the next round of sterilization can be restarted at predetermined intervals to maintain a consistently low concentration of pathogens in the air.

[0072] 6. Maintenance and Care: Regularly inspect and maintain the device. In particular, the UV lamp light source needs regular cleaning to remove surface dust, as dust accumulation weakens UV output. When the cumulative usage approaches the end of the lamp's lifespan, replace the lamp promptly to ensure sterilization intensity. The air ducts and fans also require regular cleaning to prevent dust and impurities from affecting airflow and generating odors. If the device is equipped with a filter (optionally installed at the return air vent to remove large dust particles), replace or clean the filter regularly to ensure unobstructed airflow. The sensors in the control system need to be calibrated and checked to maintain the reliability of automatic control. Proper maintenance will ensure the device operates stably and effectively for an extended period.

[0073] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments are used to enhance understanding of the present invention, but do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0074] Example 1: Basic Structure and Working Process

[0075] In this embodiment, the ultraviolet germicidal lamp assembly 1 uses a set of ultraviolet LED pulse lamps, which are fixedly installed inside the cylindrical sterilization chamber 2. The sterilization chamber 2 is made of stainless steel, with a high-reflectivity aluminum film lining the inner wall. It is approximately 1 meter long and 20 centimeters in diameter, with the inlet and outlet connected to the return air duct and the supply air duct, respectively. The fan is a DC brushless centrifugal fan, installed at the inlet of the sterilization chamber 2, with a rated air volume of approximately 800 cubic meters per hour. The controller is located on the top of the device casing and includes a microcontroller, a power module, a control switch, and a power indicator light. The sensors include: a small UV intensity sensor installed on the inner wall of the ultraviolet lamp chamber for monitoring the light output; a temperature and humidity sensor located in the center of the greenhouse for environmental monitoring; and a human infrared sensor installed at the greenhouse entrance for personnel detection interlocking.

[0076] like Figure 2 A schematic side view of the air circulation path in this embodiment is shown.

[0077] During this process, the controller executes the following control strategy: When the system starts, it first illuminates the UV LED light after a 5-second delay, then starts the fan (to avoid the risk of UV leakage due to lack of air circulation at startup). During operation, the controller continuously reads the UV sensor signal to ensure the UV lamp works properly (if the temperature is below the threshold, an alarm is triggered to indicate a lamp malfunction or aging). Temperature and humidity data are stored and used for intelligent decision-making; for example, if humidity >90% for 30 minutes, the controller recommends increasing the sterilization frequency. If someone enters the greenhouse (triggered by the infrared sensor), the controller immediately shuts off UV lamp 1 and sounds a buzzer alarm, while the fan continues to run for a period to expel residual ozone. The UV lamp is restarted after a certain delay after personnel leave. The entire system runs for 20 minutes by default, then automatically shuts down for a rest. Users can also manually stop or restart the system early using the switch on the control panel.

[0078] Tests showed that the device described in this embodiment was used in a small vegetable greenhouse measuring 20m long, 6m wide, and 3m high. Five minutes after the sterilization device was activated, the total number of natural bacterial colonies in the greenhouse air decreased by approximately 92%, with the number of gray mold spores detected 5m from the return air vent decreasing by over 90%. After 15 minutes, almost no live fungal spores were detectable in the greenhouse air. Throughout the entire operation, no UV damage symptoms were observed in the crops, and the changes in indoor temperature and humidity were minimal (temperature fluctuation <1℃). This demonstrates that this embodiment of the invention can effectively kill airborne pathogens and ensure a stable crop environment in a real-scale greenhouse.

[0079] Example 2: Improved scheme with additional purification function

[0080] In this embodiment, some improvements were made to the device of Example 1, so that in addition to ultraviolet sterilization, it also has air purification and multiple sterilization functions to meet more stringent hygiene requirements.

[0081] First, an ozone generator was added to the sterilization chamber 2. Specifically, several 185nm wavelength deep ultraviolet LEDs (or 185nm mercury lamps as auxiliary lights) were added to the LED ultraviolet lamp panel. When needed, these LEDs are activated to generate a low concentration of ozone (O3). The ozone generation rate is adjusted by a controller to maintain the ozone concentration released into the chamber at approximately 0.05ppm (within the safety threshold). Ozone is diffusive in the air, reaching corners that ultraviolet light may not reach, providing continuous antibacterial and disinfecting effects on the air and object surfaces. Second, a negative ion generator (corresponding to...) was installed at the air duct outlet. Figure 1One of the sensing components (5) continuously releases high-concentration negative ions into the output airflow. These negative ions neutralize positively charged dust and germ particles in the air, causing them to agglomerate and settle or be inactivated by electric shock. Furthermore, a two-stage filter system—a pre-filter and a photocatalytic filter—is added at the return air vent. The pre-filter physically intercepts larger dust particles and insect eggs, protecting downstream devices from clogging. The photocatalytic filter, coated with nano-TiO2, generates hydroxyl radicals when exposed to UVA / UVB light leaking from the cavity, further oxidizing and decomposing organic pollutants and microorganisms in the air, achieving sterilization and deodorization.

[0082] The controller has been upgraded with corresponding control logic: when it detects people in the greenhouse or crops that are in a delicate stage, it can automatically disable the 185nm ozone mode and only use the physical filtration + UVC + negative ion mode; at night when no one is around, it can briefly activate ozone to enhance sterilization. The negative ion generator is linked to the fan and operates continuously until the fan is turned off, then stops after a few minutes to make full use of the residual airflow in the duct for purification.

[0083] Through the above improvements, the device not only kills pathogenic microorganisms but also removes dust, volatile organic compounds, and odors from the air to a certain extent, achieving a comprehensive effect combining air purification and sterilization. This is particularly beneficial for greenhouses that require a highly clean environment (such as seedling greenhouses and biological product cultivation greenhouses). Of course, this improvement increases costs and control complexity to some extent, and can be chosen based on actual needs. The core sterilization function of this invention can operate independently and effectively without the aforementioned additional components.

[0084] Example 3: Layout examples of greenhouses of different sizes

[0085] The device of this invention has good scalability and can be laid out according to greenhouses of different sizes and structures. The following are examples of greenhouses of two typical sizes:

[0086] For small greenhouses (e.g., 10 meters long, 5 meters wide, and 3 meters high): one set of the device of this invention can be placed in the center of one end of the greenhouse. A top-supply, bottom-return airflow pattern is sufficient to cover the entire space. Due to the limited space, one fan is sufficient to provide the required airflow. The air supply duct can be simplified by installing a diffuser vent with louvers at the device's outlet, allowing air to be blown towards the other end of the greenhouse and circulated downwards. Tests show that one set of the device can complete 5 air exchanges in approximately 10 minutes in this space, achieving an air sterilization rate of >99%.

[0087] For medium-sized greenhouses (such as a span within a multi-span greenhouse, 30 meters long, 8 meters wide, and 4 meters high): For longer spaces, a multi-point layout can be adopted. The device of this invention can be installed at regular intervals along the length of the greenhouse, or a combination of a main device and several auxiliary fans can be used. For example, a return air vent and a sterilization fan module can be arranged at each end of the greenhouse, each managing the air circulation of its respective half-zone. The air outlet ducts converge in the middle to form a double-loop flow covering the entire area. Another option is to install a main sterilization device in the center of the greenhouse, with increased fan power, and deliver clean air to both ends through "T"-shaped branch air supply ducts. Return air vents are located on the ground at both ends, and the air is collected by ducts and processed by the central device. These layouts need to consider the resistance balance of the air ducts and the airflow distribution, which can be optimized during the design phase using CFD airflow simulation. The control system provided by this invention also supports multi-machine linkage. When multiple devices are running simultaneously, they can be synchronously controlled via wired or wireless means to ensure that each device starts and stops at a unified rhythm, avoiding mutual airflow interference or blind spots.

[0088] It is worth mentioning that the device of this invention can also be integrated with the existing ventilation system of the greenhouse. For example, natural ventilation can be used during the day to reduce temperature and humidity, and the sterilization device can be activated at night after the windows are closed to circulate and sterilize the indoor air. The two complement each other, minimizing the risk of disease while ensuring a suitable growing environment for crops. This invention achieves highly efficient sterilization of airborne pathogens by forcing air circulation through the ultraviolet irradiation area, featuring thorough sterilization, comprehensive coverage, safety and reliability, and intelligent energy saving.

[0089] Through the description of the above embodiments, it can be seen that the greenhouse air sterilization device of the present invention has the characteristics of flexible structure and strong adaptability. Regardless of the size or structure of the greenhouse, sufficient air circulation and sterilization can be achieved by adjusting the air duct layout and the number of fans. Furthermore, the various modules of the present invention can be integrated into a fixed installation system or made into a mobile device for use in different locations within the greenhouse (e.g., by installing casters for movement and for partitioning large spaces). This greatly facilitates the promotion and application of the present invention in actual production.

[0090] It is understood that the present invention has been described through some embodiments, and those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Furthermore, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultraviolet germicidal air circulating greenhouse sterilization device, characterized in that, include: The ultraviolet germicidal lamp module (1) is installed inside the closed sterilization chamber (2) and is used to sterilize the air flowing through the sterilization chamber (2) by ultraviolet irradiation. An air circulation duct module is used to construct the air circulation path inside the greenhouse, including an air supply duct and a return air duct. The air supply duct sends the sterilized air back to the greenhouse space, and the return air duct introduces the air to be sterilized into the sterilization chamber (2). The fan module (3) is located in the circulation path and is used to drive air to flow along the circulation path; The control module (4) is electrically connected to the ultraviolet germicidal lamp module (1) and the fan module (3) respectively, and is used to control the start-up, operation and stop of the ultraviolet germicidal lamp module (1) and the fan module (3).

2. The ultraviolet sterilization air circulation greenhouse sterilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air circulation duct module adopts a circulation path layout with top air supply and bottom air return. The air supply duct is located at the top of the greenhouse and has an air supply port facing downwards. The air return duct is located near the ground surface of the greenhouse and has an air return port.

3. The ultraviolet sterilization air circulation greenhouse sterilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sterilization chamber (2) is made of a material that is opaque to ultraviolet light, and the inner wall of the sterilization chamber (2) is provided with a reflective layer for reflecting ultraviolet light and coated with a photocatalytic sterilization material coating.

4. The ultraviolet sterilization air circulation greenhouse sterilization device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ultraviolet germicidal lamp module (1) adopts a deep ultraviolet LED array lamp, which operates in pulse modulation mode, and multiple LED beads are evenly distributed along the extension direction of the sterilization cavity (2).

5. The ultraviolet sterilization air circulation greenhouse sterilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fan module (3) is located at the inlet of the sterilization chamber (2) and uses a negative pressure suction method to draw greenhouse return air into the sterilization chamber (2).

6. The ultraviolet sterilization air circulation greenhouse sterilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module (4) includes a sensing component (5), which is used to detect environmental parameters in the greenhouse and working parameters of the ultraviolet germicidal lamp module (1) and feed them back to the control module (4). The control module (4) adjusts the working status of the ultraviolet germicidal lamp module (1) and the fan module (3) according to the parameters fed back by the sensing component (5).

7. The ultraviolet germicidal air circulating greenhouse sterilization device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sensing component (5) includes at least one of a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an ultraviolet intensity sensor, and an air velocity sensor.

8. The ultraviolet sterilization air circulation greenhouse sterilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module (4) also includes a safety interlock unit, which is connected to a personnel detection sensor. When a person is detected entering the greenhouse, the safety interlock unit controls the ultraviolet germicidal lamp module (1) to turn off.

9. The exoskeleton device for assisting lower limb movement and standing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sterilization chamber (2) is also equipped with an ozone generating unit, which is electrically connected to the control module (4) and is used to generate ozone in the sterilization chamber (2) to assist in sterilization.

10. A method for sterilizing an air-circulating greenhouse using ultraviolet sterilization, employing the sterilization device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Activate the ultraviolet germicidal lamp module (1) to form an ultraviolet irradiation area inside the sterilization chamber (2); S2. Start the fan module (3) to drive the air in the greenhouse into the sterilization chamber (2) through the return air channel. The air is sterilized by ultraviolet radiation when it flows through the sterilization chamber (2). S3. The sterilized air is sent back to the greenhouse space from the top of the greenhouse through the air supply channel, forming a circulation loop of top air supply and bottom air return; S4. After multiple cycles, stop the ultraviolet germicidal lamp module (1) and the fan module (3).

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