Stable pressure air supply device for portable air respirator in high-rise building fire
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202611070205.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-07-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-15
Smart Images
Figure CN122745488A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of respirator technology, specifically a pressure-stabilizing air supply device for portable air respirators used in high-rise building fires. Background Technology
[0002] High-rise building fire fighting is one of the most difficult and dangerous tasks in the fire rescue system. These fire scenes are typically accompanied by large amounts of toxic smoke, high-temperature radiant heat, and low visibility. Firefighters must wear positive-pressure breathing apparatus (SPBA) at all times to ensure breathing safety and maintain normal operational capabilities. Currently, commercially available SPBAs use a fixed back frame to rigidly connect a high-pressure air tank to the firefighter's back, continuously supplying stable breathing air to the mask through a pressure reducing valve and an air supply valve. While this type of device can generally meet the needs of conventional surface fire rescue, it has some shortcomings in the special scenario of high-rise building fires. Specifically: When firefighters are trapped under collapsed structures or stuck in narrow passages during accidents, the rigid air tank on their backs becomes a major obstacle to their escape. In emergency situations where they need to crawl, squeeze through gaps, or turn around to adjust their posture to find an escape route, the protruding tank is very likely to collide with surrounding obstacles or get stuck in gaps, making it impossible for firefighters to complete the necessary escape actions. Therefore, a portable air respirator pressure stabilization supply device for high-rise building fires is needed to improve the above problems. Summary of the Invention
[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a portable air respirator pressure stabilizing air supply device for high-rise building fires, thereby resolving the aforementioned issues.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A portable air respirator pressure-stabilizing air supply device for high-rise building fires includes an air tank. A protective component is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the air tank. A positioning component is fixedly installed on the upper end of the protective component. A load-bearing component is releasably engaged between the positioning component and the protective component. The load-bearing component is worn on the back of the human body. The air tank is suspended on the load-bearing component through the protective component and the positioning component. The air tank can be separated from the load-bearing component by operating the positioning component to unlock it.
[0005] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the protective component includes multiple fixing rings and four fixing frames. The multiple fixing rings are evenly fixedly installed on the outer wall of the gas storage tank, and the four fixing frames are disposed through the multiple fixing rings. The fixing frames are welded and fixed to the fixing rings. Pulling members are installed between two adjacent fixing frames. An arc ring is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fixing ring.
[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pulling component includes a connecting plate one, a spring one, a sliding plate one, a connecting rope one, and a connecting rope two. The connecting plate one is fixedly installed below the inner cavity of the fixed frame. One end of the spring one is fixedly installed on the end face of the connecting plate one, and the other end of the spring one is fixedly installed on the sliding plate one. The sliding plate one is slidably installed in the fixed frame. The connecting rope one is fixedly installed on the end face of the fixed frame and connected to the sliding plate one. The connecting rope two is fixedly installed between the two connecting ropes one, and the connecting rope two passes through the outer wall of the fixed frame.
[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the positioning element is fixedly installed on the end face of the uppermost fixing ring. The positioning element includes a mounting bracket and a bolt, and the mounting bracket and the fixing ring are connected by the bolt thread.
[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a connecting frame is fitted into the mounting frame, a baffle is fixedly installed on the inner end face of the connecting frame, a through groove is opened in the middle of the baffle, a support frame is fixedly installed on the end face of the baffle, and a fixing column is slidably installed in the support frame.
[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a transfer ring is fixedly installed on the upper side wall of the fixed column, and a spring is fixedly installed between the transfer ring and the support frame. The bottom of the fixed column is conical, and the fixed column can pass through the through groove. A plug-in block is slidably installed in the connecting frame. The plug-in block passes through the bottom of the connecting frame and extends to the lower part of the connecting frame. An air bladder is filled in the inner cavity of the connecting frame. The air bladder is used to apply a downward thrust to the plug-in block and insert it into the load-bearing component.
[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the load-bearing component includes a load-bearing plate, the end face of the load-bearing plate is provided with a first insertion groove, the insertion block is inserted into the first insertion groove, the bottom of the fixed ring is fixedly installed with a hook, the hook is "L" shaped, the bottom of the load-bearing plate is provided with a second insertion groove, the hook is inserted into the second insertion groove.
[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, filter elements are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the load-bearing component, and the filter elements include mounting frames. The mounting frames are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the load-bearing plate, and the mounting frames are filled with filter cotton. A connecting rod is slidably installed on the end face of the mounting frame, and a connecting ring is fixedly installed on the lower side wall of the connecting rod. A connecting plate is symmetrically fixedly installed on the side wall of the connecting ring. The connecting plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting frame, and a spring is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the connecting plate. The bottom surface of the spring is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the mounting frame.
[0012] Shoulder straps are provided on both the left and right sides of the load-bearing plate. Hook and loop fasteners are provided between the shoulder straps and the load-bearing plate and are fixedly connected to the load-bearing plate. A waist belt is fixedly installed with a hook and loop fastener on the side closer to the gas tank, and a hook and loop fastener is provided on the side of the waist belt away from the gas tank.
[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a sleeve is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the mounting frame, and a threaded groove is provided on the outer side of the sleeve. A piston rod is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the connecting rod one, and the piston rod one is slidably installed inside the sleeve. The connecting rod one slidably passes through the inside of the filter cotton. A flexible pad is fixedly installed on the front side of the load-bearing plate. A piston rod two is fixedly installed on the end face of the connecting rod one, and the piston rod two slidably passes through the top of the mounting frame.
[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a connector is provided at one end of the gas storage tank, and one end of the connector is connected to the face mask. The connector includes a connecting pipe and a connecting cover. The connecting pipe is fitted into the connecting cover, and the interior of the connecting pipe is in communication with the interior of the connecting cover. A cross connector is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the connecting pipe, and a top support column is fixedly installed on the end face of the cross connector. The inner cavity of the connecting cover is provided with an internal thread, and the connecting cover is threadedly connected to the gas outlet on the gas storage tank.
[0015] This invention, through the design of a releaseable locking structure for the positioning component and protective assembly, allows firefighters to simply press the fixing post to puncture the airbag and unlock the connector when the compressed air in the gas tank is depleted. This allows the gas tank to fall naturally downwards under gravity, detaching from the load-bearing component. This overcomes the shortcomings of traditional respirator cylinders that are always fixed to the back, enabling firefighters to immediately remove the unnecessary load after the air supply is exhausted, allowing them to carry out subsequent operations or evacuate quickly with lighter equipment, effectively saving physical exertion. At the same time, it eliminates the mechanical interference of the empty cylinder with basic movements such as squatting, turning, and crawling in confined spaces, significantly improving mobility and emergency escape capabilities in high-rise building fire rescue.
[0016] This invention features filters on both sides of the load-bearing component. When the air tank is depleted and firefighters have not yet evacuated to a safe area, the connecting cap of the connector can be unscrewed from the air outlet of the air tank and installed on the sleeve of the filter. This allows ambient air to be purified through three layers of filter cotton before entering the mask for breathing. In emergency situations, this can buy firefighters valuable extra survival and evacuation time, effectively reducing the risk of injury or death due to inhaling toxic fumes.
[0017] This invention features an outwardly pull-out component within the fixed frame of the protective assembly. When a firefighter becomes incapacitated, rescue teammates can quickly locate the U-shaped gap between the connecting rope and the fixing ring in dense smoke by touch. By inserting their fingers into the gap, gripping the connecting rope, and pulling outward, they can obtain a stable and strong gripping point. During the dragging process, this structure automatically tensions and adheres to the surfaces of the fixing ring and the fixed frame, forming a reliable traction point. This effectively avoids the problem of slippage and deformation of traditional flexible components such as shoulder straps and waist belts under stress, significantly improving the success rate and efficiency of emergency dragging rescue in fire scenes. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the protective component structure in this invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure at point B; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the protective component in this invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the protective component in this invention; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram at point C; Figure 8 for Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram at point D; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the second insertion slot structure in this invention; Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the filter element in this invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning component structure in this invention; Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the positioning component in this invention; Figure 13 for Figure 12 Enlarged structural diagram at point E; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the connector structure in this invention.
[0019] In the diagram: 1. Gas tank; 2. Protective components; 201. Fixing ring; 202. Fixing frame; 203. Arc ring; 204. Pulling component; 241. Connecting plate one; 242. Spring one; 243. Sliding plate one; 244. Connecting rope one; 245. Connecting rope two; 206. Hook; 3. Load-bearing components; 301. Load-bearing plate; 302. Waist belt; 303. Velcro loop side; 304. Velcro hook side; 305. Shoulder strap; 306. Insertion slot one; 307. Insertion slot two; 308. Flexible pad; 4. Filter element; 401. Mounting frame; 402. Connecting rod 1. Connecting ring; 403. Connecting plate 2; 405. Spring 2; 406. Piston rod 1; 407. Sleeve; 408. Threaded groove; 409. Piston rod 2; 410. Filter cotton; 5. Positioning component; 501. Mounting bracket; 502. Connecting frame; 503. Bolt; 504. Baffle; 505. Insert block; 506. Through groove; 507. Airbag; 508. Support frame; 509. Fixed column; 510. Transfer ring; 511. Spring 3; 6. Connecting component; 601. Connecting pipe; 602. Connecting cover; 603. Cross connection; 604. Top support column. Detailed Implementation
[0020] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0021] Example: Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 14 As shown, the portable air respirator pressure stabilizing air supply device for high-rise building fires provided by the present invention mainly includes an air tank 1, a protective component 2, a load-bearing component 3, a filter component 4, a positioning component 5, and a connecting component 6.
[0022] The gas cylinder 1 is a standard high-pressure aluminum alloy or carbon fiber composite gas cylinder with a rated working pressure of 30 MPa and a volume of 6.8 L or 9 L. It has an outlet at the top, equipped with a pressure reducing valve and a supply valve to provide a stable airflow to the face mask. The protective assembly 2 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the gas cylinder 1, serving as impact protection and a connecting intermediary. The positioning component 5 is installed on top of the protective assembly 2 to releasably lock the gas cylinder 1 to the load-bearing assembly 3. The load-bearing assembly 3 is worn on the firefighter's shoulders and waist, serving as the basic carrier for the entire device's integration with the body. Filters 4 are symmetrically fixed on the left and right sides of the load-bearing assembly 3 for emergency filtered air supply. The connecting component 6 connects the gas cylinder 1 or filter 4 to the face mask.
[0023] During normal use, the gas tank 1 is suspended behind the load-bearing component 3 via the protective component 2 and the positioning component 5. Its air outlet is connected to the face mask via the connector 6, and the air supply valve provides pressurized air. The following three embodiments illustrate the specific implementation of the present invention in detail.
[0024] Example 1: This embodiment mainly enables rapid separation of the gas storage tank after it is empty, effectively reducing the unnecessary weight carried by firefighters and improving their operational flexibility.
[0025] The protective component 2 is a cage-like frame structure, consisting of multiple fixing rings 201, four longitudinal fixing frames 202, and a pull member 204 installed inside the fixing frame 202. All components are made of flame-retardant, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy or stainless steel.
[0026] Three to five fixing rings 201 are provided (four in this embodiment), all of which are circular rings with a 2-3 mm gap between their inner diameter and the outer diameter of the gas storage tank 1 for easy fitting. A 3 mm thick rubber gasket is attached to the inner wall of each fixing ring 201 to absorb vibration and prevent wear on the tank body. The fixing rings 201 are equidistantly distributed along the axial direction of the gas storage tank 1 and are fixed to the outer wall of the tank body by welding or clamping. Each fixing ring 201 has four radial lugs evenly distributed on its outer circumference, with positioning holes for welding or bolting to the fixing frame 202.
[0027] The fixing frame 202 consists of four long, hollow square tubes. Each of the four fixing frames 202 passes through one of the four lug positioning holes of each fixing ring 201 and is securely connected to each fixing ring 201 via circumferential welding, thus forming a rigid skeleton that encloses the gas storage tank 1. Both the upper and lower ends of the fixing frame 202 are open, and its inner cavity is a rectangular through-hole for accommodating the sliding parts of the pulling component 204. A transverse rope hole is provided on the outer wall of the fixing frame 202 for the connecting rope 245 to pass through.
[0028] The positioning component 5 is installed on the upper end face of the uppermost fixing ring 201. Its function is to lock or release it in conjunction with the insertion slot 306 on the top of the load-bearing component 3. The positioning component 5 includes a mounting bracket 501, a bolt 503, a connecting frame 502, a baffle 504, a fixing column 509, a support frame 508, a transfer ring 510, a spring 511, an insertion block 505, and an airbag 507.
[0029] Mounting bracket 501 is an inverted U-shaped metal bracket with its two lower ends bent outward to form mounting ears. The mounting ears have through holes, and the upper end of the uppermost fixing ring 201 has a threaded blind hole at the corresponding position. Mounting bracket 501 is fixed to fixing ring 201 by two bolts 503 passing through the mounting ear through holes and screwing into the threaded blind holes. The top crossbeam of mounting bracket 501 has a circular through hole in the center, and a cylindrical connecting frame 502 is interference-fitted in the through hole.
[0030] The connecting frame 502 is a cylindrical shell made of stainless steel. Its outer wall and the circular through hole of the mounting bracket 501 are fitted with an H8 / h7 interference fit, and radial set screws are used to prevent rotation. The connecting frame 502 has a stepped inner cavity, with the diameter of the upper inner cavity being larger than that of the lower inner cavity. The upper port of the connecting frame 502 is closed by a circular baffle 504, which is screwed onto the upper inner wall of the connecting frame 502. An O-ring is provided between the baffle 504 and the connecting frame 502 to ensure airtightness. A through groove 506 is provided in the center of the baffle 504. In this embodiment, the through groove 506 is a cross-shaped groove, which facilitates the insertion of the tapered tip of the fixing post 509.
[0031] A support frame 508 is welded to the upper surface of the baffle 504. The support frame 508 is a portal frame with a guide hole on its top crossbeam. The fixing post 509 is a stepped shaft with a cylindrical upper section that slides through the guide hole of the support frame 508 and a tapered lower section with a sharp end. A pressing disc is provided on the top of the fixing post 509 for easy finger application. A central rotating ring 510 is fixedly fitted in the middle of the fixing post 509. A spring 511 is sleeved on the shaft section between the central rotating ring 510 and the crossbeam of the support frame 508. The spring 511 is a compression spring with its lower end abutting against the central rotating ring 510 and its upper end abutting against the lower surface of the crossbeam of the support frame 508, always applying an upward rebound force to the fixing post 509, so that the fixing post 509 remains in a high position when no external force is applied. The tapered tip is located about 5 mm above the through groove 506 of the baffle 504.
[0032] A plug-in block 505 is slidably installed in the lower section of the inner cavity of the connecting frame 502. The plug-in block 505 is a stepped cylinder with a large diameter at the top and a small diameter at the bottom. The small diameter extends through a sliding hole at the center of the bottom of the connecting frame 502 and extends to about 15mm below the outside of the connecting frame 502. Two polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) sealing rings are installed between the large-diameter portion of the plug-in block 505 and the inner wall of the connecting frame 502 to ensure that the gas does not leak. A closed cavity is formed between the upper end face of the large-diameter portion of the plug-in block 505 and the lower end face of the baffle 504. An airbag 507 is placed in this cavity. The airbag 507 is a thin-walled bladder made of flame-retardant modified EPDM rubber and is filled with 0.3 MPa of dry compressed air. Its lower end face is tightly attached to the upper end face of the large-diameter portion of the plug-in block 505, and its upper end face is attached to the lower end face of the baffle 504, which applies a downward pushing force to the plug-in block 505, forcing the small-diameter portion of the plug-in block 505 to always extend out of the bottom of the connecting frame 502.
[0033] The load-bearing component 3 includes a load-bearing plate 301, which is a one-piece injection-molded arc-shaped rigid plate made of flame-retardant nylon 66. Its arc surface matches the physiological curvature of the human spine. The top end face of the load-bearing plate 301 has an insertion groove 306, which is a rectangular blind hole. Its size forms an interference fit of 0.2 to 0.3 mm with the small diameter of the insertion block 505 to ensure no shaking after locking.
[0034] A hook 206 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the bottommost fixing ring 201. The hook 206 is an L-shaped metal part, formed by bending a stainless steel rod. Its vertical section is welded to the side wall of the bottommost fixing ring 201, and its end is bent upward to form an anti-detachment protrusion. A second insertion groove 307 is opened on the bottom end face of the load-bearing plate 301. The second insertion groove 307 is an L-shaped groove, including a vertical section and a horizontal section: the vertical section extends upward from the lower surface of the load-bearing plate 301, and the horizontal section extends horizontally outward from the top of the vertical section. This L-shaped groove is used to cooperate with the hook 206 at the bottom of the protective component 2.
[0035] During assembly, first align the horizontal section of hook 206 with the horizontal section entrance of insertion slot 2 307, insert it and pull it down. The vertical section of hook 206 enters the vertical section of insertion slot 2 307, and the anti-detachment protrusion jams the end of the horizontal section, thereby restricting the gas tank 1 from detaching downward.
[0036] In the locked state, the small diameter part of the plug block 505 extends under the pressure of the airbag 507 and inserts into the first plug slot 306 at the top of the load plate 301. At the same time, the hook 206 at the bottom of the air tank 1 is engaged in the second plug slot 307 at the bottom of the load plate 301, achieving double-point fixation from top to bottom.
[0037] When the compressed air in the gas tank 1 is depleted and separation is required, the firefighter presses the pressing disc of the fixing post 509 with one hand, overcoming the elastic force of the spring 3 511 to move the fixing post 509 downward. The conical tip penetrates the through groove 506 and pierces the wall of the airbag 507, causing the airbag 507 to rupture and the internal gas to escape rapidly. After losing air pressure support, the plug block 505 is no longer subjected to downward thrust and can slide freely up and down. The firefighter pushes the small diameter part of the plug block 505 upward from behind, causing it to retract into the connecting frame 502, thereby disengaging it from the plug groove 306. At this time, the top lock is released, and the gas tank 1 cannot bear the weight alone relying solely on the bottom hook 206. Under the action of gravity, the gas tank 1, along with the protective component 2, falls downward and completely separates from the load-bearing component 3. After the gas supply is exhausted, firefighters can immediately remove the unnecessary load and carry out subsequent operations or evacuate quickly with lighter equipment, effectively saving physical exertion. At the same time, it eliminates the mechanical interference of empty cylinders with basic movements such as crouching, turning, and crawling in narrow spaces, significantly improving mobility and emergency escape capabilities in high-rise building fire rescue.
[0038] Example 2: This embodiment has an emergency filtered air supply function, which provides firefighters with additional breathing protection after the air source is exhausted.
[0039] The filter elements 4 are symmetrically installed on the left and right sides of the load-bearing plate 301. Each set of filter elements 4 is an independent air supply unit with the same structure. The following is a detailed description of the set on the left side. The filter element 4 includes a mounting frame 401, filter cotton 410, piston mechanism (connecting rod 1 402, piston rod 2 409, connecting ring 403, connecting plate 2 404, spring 2 405), sleeve 407, and piston rod 1 406.
[0040] The mounting frame 401 is a rectangular box made of flame-retardant ABS plastic injection molding. Two mounting ears are located on its right side wall (the side closest to the load-bearing plate 301), which are fixed to the side of the load-bearing plate 301 with screws. A circular air inlet with a diameter of 25mm is located on the upper surface of the mounting frame 401, and a grille is provided at the air inlet to prevent foreign objects from entering. An air outlet is located at the center of the lower surface, communicating with the inner cavity of the sleeve 407 below. A removable cover is located on the front of the mounting frame 401, secured by clips. The filter cotton 410 can be removed or inserted by opening the cover.
[0041] The inner cavity of the mounting frame 401 is filled with filter cotton 410, which has a three-layer composite structure: the bottom layer is a glass fiber filter layer; the middle layer is an activated carbon fiber layer; and the surface layer is a non-woven fabric layer impregnated with chemical adsorbent. The filter cotton 410 is fixed in the inner cavity of the mounting frame 401 by a detachable pressure frame.
[0042] The upper end face of the mounting frame 401 is provided with a guide hole at the center. The connecting rod 402 is a stainless steel round rod that passes through the guide hole and extends into the interior of the mounting frame 401. Its lower end is fixedly connected to the piston rod 409.
[0043] A piston rod 409 is fixedly installed on the end face of the connecting rod 402. The piston rod 409 is a circular piston plate. The piston rod 409 slides through the top of the mounting frame 401. The piston rod 409 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material. Its outer edge is clearance-fitted with the inner wall of the mounting frame 401 and is equipped with two O-rings to ensure airtightness. The upper surface of the piston rod 409 has a threaded blind hole at the center, which is threadedly fixed to the lower end of the connecting rod 402. A short rod extends downward from the center of the lower surface.
[0044] A connecting ring 403 is fixedly fitted onto the lower end of connecting rod 402. Connecting ring 403 is an annular metal ring located above piston rod 409 and fixed to connecting rod 402 via radial set screws. Two connecting plates 404 are symmetrically welded to the left and right sides of connecting ring 403. Connecting plate 404 is an L-shaped thin metal plate; its horizontal section is welded to connecting ring 403, and its vertical section extends downwards and is fixed to the inner wall of mounting frame 401 via M3 screws. The upper end of spring 405 is fixed to the lower end of the vertical section of connecting plate 404. Spring 405 is a cylindrical helical compression spring, its lower end fixed to a spring seat integrally formed at the bottom of the inner cavity of mounting frame 401. Spring 405 has pre-compression force during installation, always applying an upward thrust to connecting plate 404, keeping the entire piston mechanism in its highest position under natural conditions.
[0045] A sleeve 407 is integrally formed at the bottom center of the mounting frame 401. The sleeve 407 is cylindrical and its outer surface is machined with ordinary fine external threads, i.e., thread grooves 408, for threaded engagement with the connecting cover 602 of the connector 6. The inner cavity of the sleeve 407 is connected to the interior of the mounting frame 401 through an air vent.
[0046] A piston rod 406 is slidably installed in the inner cavity of sleeve 407. The piston rod 406 is a stainless steel round rod, the upper end of which is fixedly connected to the lower end of connecting rod 402 by threads (the two are coaxial), and the lower end extends out of the bottom surface of sleeve 407. Two annular grooves are provided on the outer circumference of piston rod 406, and O-rings are embedded in the grooves to form a sliding seal with the inner wall of sleeve 407 to prevent gas leakage.
[0047] The connector 6 is used to establish an air passage connection between the gas tank 1 or the filter 4 and the mask, and includes a connecting pipe 601 and a connecting cap 602.
[0048] The connecting pipe 601 is a flexible corrugated pipe or a polytetrafluoroethylene braided hose. One end is connected to the air supply connector of the mask, and the other end is fixed inside the connecting cover 602. The connecting pipe 601 and the connecting cover 602 are fixed by fitting vulcanization or tightening nuts to ensure a seal.
[0049] The connecting cover 602 is a stainless steel cylindrical shell with a standard internal thread. A cross connector 603 is embedded and fixed in the bottom cavity of the connecting cover 602. The cross connector 603 consists of cross-shaped metal ribs, with a top support column 604 welded to its center end facing the opening of the connecting cover 602. The top support column 604 is a cylindrical solid stainless steel rod with a hemispherical end to reduce scratching and wear when in contact with the end face of the piston rod 406. Four fan-shaped gaps are left between the cross ribs of the cross connector 603, and the flow cross-sectional area of each gap is not less than the cross-sectional area of the inner diameter of the connecting pipe 601 to ensure smooth gas flow.
[0050] Under normal conditions, spring 2 405 pushes the connecting plate 2 404 upward, so that connecting rod 1 402 and piston rod 2 409 are in the highest position. At this time, the upper surface of piston rod 2 409 is in close contact with the top inner wall of mounting frame 401, completely sealing the air inlet; at the same time, the lower end of piston rod 1 406 is retracted inside sleeve 407, and filter element 4 is in a completely sealed non-working state and does not participate in the air supply circuit.
[0051] When the compressed air in the air tank 1 is exhausted and emergency filtered air supply is required, unscrew the connecting cover 602 from the air outlet of the air tank 1, and then screw it onto the threaded groove 408 of the sleeve 407. As the connecting cover 602 is gradually screwed in, the internal support column 604 pushes the lower end of the piston rod 406 upward, forcing the piston rod 406 to slide upward against the elastic force of the spring 405. The piston rod 406 drives the connecting rod 402 and the piston rod 409 to move upward synchronously. The piston rod 409 leaves the top inner wall of the mounting frame 401, opening the air inlet; at the same time, the upper end of the connecting rod 402 extends further out of the top surface of the mounting frame 401.
[0052] At this time, ambient air can enter the inner cavity of the mounting frame 401 through the air inlet, passing sequentially through the bottom glass fiber filter layer, the middle activated carbon fiber layer, and the surface non-woven fabric layer impregnated with chemical adsorbent. The purified air then enters the inner cavity of the sleeve 407 through the air outlet, and then enters the mask through the connecting cover 602 and the connecting pipe 601, thus achieving emergency filtered air supply. This function can buy firefighters valuable extra survival and evacuation time in emergency situations when the air supply is exhausted and firefighters have not yet evacuated to a safe area, effectively reducing the risk of injury or death due to inhalation of toxic fumes.
[0053] Example 3: This embodiment is equipped with an emergency dragging rescue structure, which facilitates teammates to quickly carry out rescue operations in dense smoke environments.
[0054] One set of pull member 204 is installed inside each fixed frame 202. The four sets have the same structure. Taking one set as an example, the pull member 204 includes a connecting plate 241, a spring 242, a sliding plate 243, a connecting rope 244, and a connecting rope 245.
[0055] The connecting plate 241 is a rectangular metal plate with the same width as the inner cavity of the fixing frame 202. It is fixedly installed in the lower part of the inner cavity of the fixing frame 202 by welding. A circular spring positioning recess is opened in the center of the upper surface of the connecting plate 241 to accommodate the lower end of the spring 242.
[0056] Spring 242 is a cylindrical helical compression spring with a rust-proof surface. The lower end of spring 242 is embedded in the positioning recess of connecting plate 241, and the upper end abuts against the lower surface of sliding plate 243. Spring 242 has a pre-compression force of about 25N during installation to ensure that sliding plate 243 is stably positioned in the middle of the inner cavity of fixed frame 202 without external force.
[0057] The sliding plate 243 is a rectangular slider, and its outer contour dimension is clearance-fitted with the inner cavity section of the fixed frame 202, allowing it to slide freely axially within the cavity of the fixed frame 202 without jamming. A hook hole is provided at the center of the upper surface of the sliding plate 243 for securing the lower end of the connecting rope 244. Anti-friction grooves are machined on all four sides of the sliding plate 243 to reduce sliding friction resistance.
[0058] The connecting rope 244 is made of aramid braided rope, which has flame retardant and high temperature resistance properties. The lower end of the connecting rope 244 is fixed to the hook hole of the sliding plate 243 by metal buckle or knotting, and the upper end passes through the upper opening of the fixing frame 202 to the outside.
[0059] The second connecting rope 245 is an aramid rope that laterally spans between two adjacent fixed frames 202. The free ends of the two connecting ropes 244 extending from each of the two adjacent fixed frames 202 converge and are fixedly connected to the two ends of the same connecting rope 245. The middle section of the connecting rope 245 passes through the rope hole in the side wall of one of the fixed frames 202 to constrain its position and prevent excessive lateral displacement.
[0060] In the free state, due to the pre-compression force of spring 242, sliding plate 243 is located in the middle of the inner cavity of fixed frame 202, and connecting rope 244 and connecting rope 245 are both in a relaxed and bent state. At this time, a U-shaped gap is formed between connecting rope 245 and the outer wall of the nearest fixed ring 201, which can accommodate an adult's finger. This U-shaped gap remains open in the normal carrying state for use in emergency situations.
[0061] When a firefighter loses mobility due to smoke poisoning, heat radiation, or external injury and needs to be urgently dragged, the rescue team can quickly locate the U-shaped gap by touch in the dense smoke environment without relying on vision. The rescuer puts his fingers into the U-shaped gap and grasps the connecting rope 245, and then pulls it outward with force.
[0062] An arc-shaped ring 203 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fixed ring 201. The arc-shaped ring 203 adopts an arc design, which makes it easier for others to drag the firefighter when he falls to the ground by taking advantage of the small contact area between the arc-shaped block and the ground.
[0063] At this point, connecting rope 245, through connecting rope 1 244, drives sliding plate 1 243 to overcome the elastic force of spring 1 242 and slide upward along the inner cavity of fixed frame 202 until the upper end face of sliding plate 1 243 abuts against the limiting step on the upper inner wall of fixed frame 202. In this position, connecting rope 245 is tightened and closely adheres to the outer surface of fixed ring 201 and fixed frame 202, forming a stable and high-strength grip or traction point. Rescuers can continuously apply force to quickly drag the fallen firefighter away from the dangerous area of the fire scene. After reaching a safe area, subsequent medical treatment can be carried out. After the force is released, the elastic force of spring 1 242 pushes sliding plate 1 243 to automatically reset, and connecting rope 1 244 and connecting rope 2 245 return to a relaxed state, without affecting normal carrying.
[0064] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A portable air respirator pressure stabilizing and supplying device for high-rise building fires, comprising an air storage tank (1), characterized in that: A protective component (2) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the gas storage tank (1), and a positioning component (5) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the protective component (2). A load-bearing component (3) is releasably engaged between the positioning component (5) and the protective component (2), and the load-bearing component (3) is worn on the back of the human body; The gas tank (1) is suspended on the load-bearing component (3) by the protective component (2) and the positioning component (5), and the gas tank (1) can be separated from the load-bearing component (3) by operating the positioning component (5) to unlock it.
2. The steady pressure air supply device for portable air breathing apparatus in high-rise building fire according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective component (2) includes multiple fixing rings (201) and four fixing frames (202). The multiple fixing rings (201) are evenly fixed on the outer wall of the gas storage tank (1). The four fixing frames (202) are disposed between the multiple fixing rings (201) and are welded to the fixing rings (201). Pulling parts (204) are installed between two adjacent fixing frames (202). An arc ring (203) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fixing ring (201).
3. The high-rise building fire portable air respirator steady pressure air supply device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pulling component (204) includes a connecting plate (241), a spring (242), a sliding plate (243), a connecting rope (244), and a connecting rope (245). The connecting plate (241) is fixedly installed below the inner cavity of the fixed frame (202). One end of the spring (242) is fixedly installed on the end face of the connecting plate (241), and the other end of the spring (242) is fixedly installed with the sliding plate (243). The sliding plate (243) is slidably installed in the fixed frame (202). The connecting rope (244) is fixedly installed on the end face of the fixed frame (202) and connected to the sliding plate (243). The connecting rope (245) is fixedly installed between the two connecting ropes (244) and passes through the outer wall of the fixed frame (202).
4. The steady pressure air supply device for portable air breathing apparatus in high-rise building fire according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning element (5) is fixedly installed on the end face of the uppermost fixing ring (201). The positioning element (5) includes a mounting bracket (501) and a bolt (503). The mounting bracket (501) and the fixing ring (201) are threadedly connected by the bolt (503).
5. The high-rise building fire portable air respirator steady pressure air supply device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A connecting frame (502) is fitted into the mounting bracket (501). A baffle (504) is fixedly installed on the inner end face of the connecting frame (502). A through groove (506) is opened in the middle of the baffle (504). A support frame (508) is fixedly installed on the end face of the baffle (504). A fixing column (509) is slidably installed in the support frame (508).
6. The high-rise building fire portable air respirator steady pressure air supply device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A transfer ring (510) is fixedly installed on the upper side wall of the fixed column (509), and a spring (511) is fixedly installed between the transfer ring (510) and the support frame (508). The bottom of the fixed column (509) is conical, and the fixed column (509) can pass through the through groove (506). A plug-in block (505) is slidably installed in the connecting frame (502). The plug-in block (505) passes through the bottom of the connecting frame (502) and extends to the lower part of the connecting frame (502). An airbag (507) is filled in the inner cavity of the connecting frame (502). The airbag (507) is used to apply a downward thrust to the plug-in block (505) and insert it into the load-bearing component (3).
7. The high-rise building fire portable air respirator steady pressure air supply device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The load-bearing component (3) includes a load-bearing plate (301), and the end face of the load-bearing plate (301) is provided with a first insertion groove (306), and the insertion block (505) is inserted into the first insertion groove (306); A hook (206) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the bottommost fixing ring (201). The hook (206) is "L" shaped. The bottom of the load-bearing plate (301) is provided with a second insertion groove (307), and the hook (206) is inserted into the second insertion groove (307). Shoulder straps (305) are provided on the left and right sides of the load-bearing plate (301). A hook and loop fastener (304) is provided between the shoulder straps (305) and the load-bearing plate (301). The hook and loop fastener (304) is fixedly connected to the load-bearing plate (301). A hook and loop fastener (303) is fixedly installed on the side of one waist belt (302) close to the gas tank (1), and a hook and loop fastener (304) is provided on the side of the other waist belt (302) away from the gas tank (1).
8. The high-rise building fire portable air respirator steady pressure air supply device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The load-bearing component (3) is fixedly installed with filter elements (4) on the left and right sides respectively. The filter element (4) includes a mounting frame (401). The mounting frame (401) is fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the load-bearing plate (301). The mounting frame (401) is filled with filter cotton (410). A connecting rod (402) is slidably installed on the end face of the mounting frame (401). A connecting ring (403) is fixedly installed on the lower side wall of the connecting rod (402). A connecting plate (404) is symmetrically fixedly installed on the side wall of the connecting ring (403). The connecting plate (404) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting frame (401). A spring (405) is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the connecting plate (404). The bottom surface of the spring (405) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the mounting frame (401).
9. The high-rise building fire portable air respirator steady pressure air supply device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A sleeve (407) is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the mounting frame (401). A threaded groove (408) is provided on the outer side of the sleeve (407). A piston rod (406) is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the connecting rod (402). The piston rod (406) is slidably installed inside the sleeve (407). The connecting rod (402) slides through the filter cotton (410). A flexible pad (308) is fixedly installed on the front side of the load-bearing plate (301). A piston rod (409) is fixedly installed on the end face of the connecting rod (402). The piston rod (409) slides through the top of the mounting frame (401).
10. The steady pressure air supply device for portable air breathing apparatus in high-rise building fire according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the gas storage tank (1) is provided with a connector (6), one end of the connector (6) is connected to the mask, the connector (6) includes a connecting pipe (601) and a connecting cover (602), the connecting pipe (601) is fitted into the connecting cover (602), the interior of the connecting pipe (601) is in communication with the interior of the connecting cover (602); a cross connector (603) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the connecting pipe (601), a top support column (604) is fixedly installed on the end face of the cross connector (603), the inner cavity of the connecting cover (602) is provided with an internal thread, and the connecting cover (602) is threadedly connected to the gas outlet on the gas storage tank (1).