Air film closed coal yard dust escape inhibition and dust falling device

Abstract

This invention discloses a dust emission suppression and dust reduction device for an air-supported membrane coal yard, comprising a front dust collection chamber, an ash discharge assembly disposed below the front dust collection chamber, a clean air duct connected to the rear of the front dust collection chamber, and a centrifugal fan connected to the end of the clean air duct. The front dust collection chamber is internally equipped with multiple dual-stage vibrating filter plate assemblies, all equidistantly arranged along the airflow direction. This invention establishes negative pressure within the front dust collection chamber and the clean air duct, drawing dust-laden air from the air-supported membrane coal yard into the front dust collection chamber. The air is then filtered and intercepted step-by-step by the multiple dual-stage vibrating filter plate assemblies. The purified airflow passes through the clean air duct and the fan, and is finally returned to the air-supported membrane makeup air system. When the filter plates require cleaning, a horizontal vibration drive assembly on the top of the chamber drives each filter plate to vibrate synchronously. Simultaneously, a follow-up shaking dust blowing assembly in front of each filter plate reciprocates under the drive of a gear and rack connector, using high-pressure airflow to assist in blowing away coal dust adhering to the filter plate surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dust collection and filtration technology, specifically to a dust emission suppression and dust reduction device for a closed coal yard with an air-film structure. Background Technology

[0002] Inside the air-supported membrane, a large amount of fine coal dust generated during coal unloading, stacking, and conveyor belt transfer cannot migrate to the outside and can only accumulate continuously within a limited volume. This not only rapidly reduces visibility inside the membrane, seriously interfering with the precise operation of large machinery and the safety inspection of personnel, but also causes high-concentration suspended coal dust to continuously adhere to and erode the light-transmitting coating and structural welds of the inner wall of the air-supported membrane. The dust suppression device can establish a strong negative pressure field at the dust source, instantly locking the dust-laden airflow that has just escaped and sucking it into the closed pipe network at high speed. This type of device consists of a multi-point front-end collection hood, a high-pressure exhaust fan unit, and a large-volume inertial dust collection chamber. The clean air purified by the dust suppression device can be reintroduced into the air-supported membrane's makeup air system as fresh air and sent back to the upper space inside the membrane. As disclosed in CN112902356B, a dust suppression device for an air-supported membrane structure includes a dust collection box and a main body. A first mounting plate is installed inside the dust collection box, and a slot is provided inside the first mounting plate. A locking block is installed inside the slot, and a connecting block is connected below the locking block. A bearing is installed inside the connecting block, and a ball joint is connected below the bearing. When the fan starts working, it generates suction, drawing air from inside the air-supported membrane structure into the dust collection box through the cover plate. After dust removal inside the dust collection box, the air continues to enter the main body through a conduit pipe, where it undergoes further processing. Dust is collected and then flows into the fan through the second outlet, where it is transported to the third outlet and discharged to the outside of the air-supported membrane structure. The dust collection chamber, which serves as the fan's air inlet, generates negative pressure. As the operating time accumulates, the coal dust cake layer firmly pressed onto the filter plate surface by the negative pressure difference will cause the system resistance to rise sharply and significantly reduce the front-end collection air volume. Currently, the filter plates in the dust collection chamber do not have self-cleaning capabilities. Due to the cost and layout constraints of the compact space of the dust collection chamber, there is a lack of active dust removal mechanisms such as pulse backflushing or mechanical vibration. Maintenance personnel need to open the dust collection chamber inspection door to perform high-pressure water washing or manual knocking and replacement. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dust emission suppression and dust reduction device for an air-film enclosed coal yard. When the centrifugal blower is working, negative pressure is generated in the front dust collection chamber and the clean air duct. Dust in the air-film enclosed coal yard enters the front dust collection chamber and is filtered and intercepted by multiple double-stage vibrating filter plate assemblies. The intercepted air is then discharged back into the air-film makeup air system through the clean air duct and the centrifugal blower. When filter plate cleaning is required, the horizontal vibration drive assembly on the top of the chamber drives each double-stage vibrating filter plate assembly to operate, causing the filter plates to vibrate. At the same time, the follow-up shaking dust blowing assembly in front of each double-stage vibrating filter plate shakes under the drive of the gear and rack connection assembly, using high-pressure airflow to blow away the coal dust on the filter plates. The dust removed by vibration and blowing is finally discharged by the ash discharge assembly, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a dust emission suppression and dust reduction device for an air-film enclosed coal yard, comprising a front dust collection chamber, an ash discharge assembly disposed below the front dust collection chamber, a clean air duct connected to the rear of the front dust collection chamber, and a centrifugal fan connected to the end of the clean air duct. The interior of the front dust collection chamber is equipped with multiple dual-stage vibrating filter plate assemblies. Each dual-stage vibrating filter plate assembly is arranged at equal intervals along the airflow direction to filter and intercept the dust-laden airflow entering the front dust collection chamber step by step. A horizontal vibration drive assembly is installed on the top of the front dust collection chamber. The output end of the horizontal vibration drive assembly is rigidly connected to a two-stage vibrating filter plate assembly at the rear of the front dust collection chamber and drives it to perform reciprocating motion. A follow-up shaking dust blowing assembly is installed in the gap inside the front dust collection chamber between each pair of adjacent dual-stage vibrating filter plate assemblies. A gear and rack connection assembly is installed between the follow-up shaking dust blowing assembly and the dual-stage vibrating filter plate assembly. The gear and rack connection assembly is used to rigidly connect the two adjacent dual-stage vibrating filter plate assemblies, so that each dual-stage vibrating filter plate assembly can vibrate synchronously in the horizontal direction, and to drive the connection between the dual-stage vibrating filter plate assembly and the follow-up shaking dust blowing assembly.

[0005] Preferably, side chambers are fixed on the left and right outer walls of the front dust collection chamber, and crossbeams are fixed in the side chambers.

[0006] Preferably, one of the dual-stage vibrating filter plate assemblies includes a T-shaped slide block slidably mounted on a crossbeam via a track, a back plate fixed on the crossbeam and located behind the T-shaped slide block, and a hollow frame with a beam fixed between the two T-shaped slide blocks in the width direction of the front dust collection chamber. An elastic reset structure is installed at the upper end of the hollow frame with beam, and a filter screen structure is installed on the movable end of the elastic reset structure facing the outlet side of the front dust collection chamber. A grooved wheel pushing structure for triggering the filter screen structure to move horizontally is installed on the T-shaped slide block.

[0007] Preferably, the filter structure includes a mesh frame disposed on the air outlet side of the hollow frame with beams, a dust removal mesh installed inside the mesh frame, and a double-angled longitudinal beam integrally formed on the upper edge of the mesh frame.

[0008] Preferably, the elastic reset structure includes a longitudinal support beam fixed to the upper end of the outer wall of the air-expelling side of the hollow frame with beams, a number of anti-detachment pins installed on the outer wall of the double-angled longitudinal beam, and springs fitted on the anti-detachment pins, with one end of the anti-detachment pin passing through the longitudinal support beam.

[0009] Preferably, the grooved wheel pushing structure includes an L-shaped groove formed in the back plate, a rotating shaft rotatably installed in the T-shaped slide, and a top plate and a rocker arm fixed at both ends of the rotating shaft, respectively. A pulley is rotatably installed on the outer wall of the rocker arm away from the T-shaped slide, and the pulley is located in the L-shaped groove.

[0010] Preferably, the horizontal vibration drive assembly includes a voice coil motor fixed on the top of the front dust collection chamber and two symmetrical bent arms mounted on the voice coil motor drive platform. A U-shaped bracket is fixed on a T-shaped slide at the rear of the front dust collection chamber, and the U-shaped bracket is engaged with one end of the bent arm. Two internally threaded lifting lugs are fixed on the voice coil motor drive platform, and the internally threaded lifting lugs are bolted to the other end of the bent arm.

[0011] Preferably, the gear and rack connection assembly includes a U-shaped span that is bolted to the T-shaped slide and extends to the back plate, a straight rack and a right-angle arm fixed on one outer wall of the U-shaped span, the straight rack and the follow-rock dust blowing assembly being connected in a transmission, and the right-angle arm being used to connect to another adjacent T-shaped slide.

[0012] Preferably, the following type dust blowing assembly includes a bearing fixed to the top of the crossbeam, a hollow gear shaft rotatably mounted in the bearing via ball bearings, and a main air pipe connected and fixed at one end of the hollow gear shaft. An air blowing pipe assembly is installed at the end of the main air pipe away from the hollow gear shaft, and the hollow gear shaft meshes with a linear rack.

[0013] Preferably, the top of the front dust collection chamber is bolted to the top, and the bottom surface of the top cover is equipped with several U-shaped groove plates that are directly opposite the elastic reset structure, as well as short and long lower edges integrally formed on the left and right lower edges of the U-shaped groove plates. A second dust removal net is installed on the long lower edge, and the other end of the second dust removal net is fixedly connected to the double-angled longitudinal beam. The short lower edge abuts against the longitudinal support beam.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. With the help of the horizontal vibration drive component on the top of the cabin and the dual-stage vibrating filter plate component and the following shaking dust blowing component inside the cabin, the vibration and high-pressure airflow purging can be completed in a fully enclosed state after the turbo blower is briefly stopped. No personnel need to step into the cabin during the entire process, so that the impact of the dust removal process on the internal environment of the coal yard is minimized. 2. The dual-stage vibrating filter plate assembly generates high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration under the drive of the horizontal vibration drive component. This effectively breaks down the binding force between coal dust and filter media fibers from inside the filter plate skeleton, disintegrating the firmly formed dust cake into a loose state. At the same time, the following shaking dust blowing component reciprocates under the drive of the gear and rack connection component, covering the windward side of the filter plate with a dynamically sweeping high-pressure airflow. Thus, by utilizing the synergistic effect of mechanical vibration and external dynamic airflow, it efficiently removes deep-seated dust that traditional fixed nozzles cannot reach, restoring the filter plate resistance to near its initial state and reducing the continuous high local pressure difference and premature fatigue and damage of the filter media caused by incomplete cleaning. 3. In the past, manual cleaning was labor-intensive and cumbersome, so maintenance personnel tended to extend the cleaning interval, resulting in the filter plates operating in a state of severe blockage for a long time. This solution makes on-demand or timed cleaning a standardized operation, and the equipment can always maintain a low and stable operating resistance. The negative pressure collection efficiency of the front dust collection chamber can be maintained at an ideal level. At the same time, the high-concentration coal dust stripped by rapping and blowing is directly transported out through the closed ash discharge component. The whole process is carried out in a sealed state, reducing the secondary dust re-entrainment during the cleaning process and the re-contamination of the filter plates. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the front dust collection chamber and the clean air duct of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the horizontal vibration drive component of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the grooved wheel jacking structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the beam-supported hollow frame, filter screen structure, and elastic reset structure of the present invention in an assembled state. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the two-stage vibration filter plate assembly of the present invention; Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 11 Enlarged structural diagram at point C; Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the gear and rack connection assembly of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the front dust collection chamber and the clean air duct of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 15 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point B.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Front dust collection chamber; 101. Top cover; 102. Side chamber; 103. U-shaped trough plate; 104. Short lower edge; 105. Long lower edge; 106. Dust removal screen II; 2. Ash discharge assembly; 3. Clean air duct; 4. Permeable fan; 5. Horizontal vibration drive assembly; 51. Voice coil motor; 52. Bending arm; 53. Internally threaded lifting lug; 6. Crossbeam; 7. Two-stage vibrating filter plate assembly; 71. Back plate; 72. T-shaped slide; 73. Hollow frame with beam; 74. Filter structure; 741. Frame; 742. Dust net 1; 743, double-angled longitudinal beam; 75, elastic reset structure; 751, longitudinal support beam; 752, anti-detachment pin; 753, spring; 76, U-shaped bracket; 77, grooved wheel push structure; 771, L-shaped bend; 772, rotating shaft; 773, crank handle; 774, pulley; 775, top plate; 8, follow-rock dust blowing assembly; 81, shaft seat; 82, main air pipe; 83, air blowing pipe assembly; 84, hollow gear shaft; 9, gear and rack connection assembly; 91, U-shaped strut seat; 92, linear rack; 93, right-angle arm. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Example 1, by Figures 1 to 5 The present invention includes a front dust collection chamber 1, an ash discharge assembly 2 disposed below the front dust collection chamber 1, a clean air duct 3 connected to the tail of the front dust collection chamber 1, and a centrifugal fan 4 connected to the end of the clean air duct 3. The ash discharge assembly 2 is installed below the front dust collection chamber 1. During the filter plate vibration and blowing process, the coal dust that is peeled off falls into the conical hopper of the ash discharge assembly 2 under the action of gravity and is discharged through the ash discharge valve at the lower end of the conical hopper, forming a completely closed ash discharge channel, which avoids the secondary accumulation and flying of coal dust at the bottom of the chamber during the ash cleaning process, and also prevents the pollution of the external environment by the ash discharge process. The clean air duct 3 guides the clean airflow, which has been intercepted and purified by the two-stage vibrating filter plate assembly 7, from the front dust collection chamber 1 to the inlet of the centrifugal blower 4. It is the intermediate bridge for the entire negative pressure transmission. The centrifugal blower 4 generates strong negative pressure at the air inlet through the high-speed rotation of the impeller, continuously drawing air from the clean air duct 3 and the front dust collection chamber 1. At the same time, it pressurizes the drawn-in clean gas and discharges it back to the closed air membrane makeup air system. The centrifugal blower 4 has the characteristics of high pressure and large air volume, which can overcome the flow resistance of the filter plate and the entire pipeline system, and provide a stable and reliable negative pressure source for the front dust collection chamber 1. The front dust collection chamber 1 is equipped with multiple dual-stage vibrating filter plate assemblies 7. Each dual-stage vibrating filter plate assembly 7 is arranged at equal intervals along the airflow direction to filter and intercept the dust-laden airflow entering the front dust collection chamber 1 step by step. The front dust collection chamber 1 is a large-volume box with sufficient internal depth to accommodate multiple dual-stage vibrating filter plate assemblies 7. Under the suction action of the centrifugal fan 4, a continuous and stable negative pressure environment is formed inside the chamber, which forcibly draws in the dust-laden air in the air-film coal yard and guides it through the dual-stage vibrating filter plate assemblies 7 along the designed path. A horizontal vibration drive assembly 5 is installed on the top of the front dust collection chamber 1. The output end of the horizontal vibration drive assembly 5 is rigidly connected to a two-stage vibrating filter plate assembly 7 at the rear of the front dust collection chamber 1 and drives it to perform reciprocating motion. A follow-up shaking dust blowing assembly 8 is provided in the gap inside the front dust collection chamber 1 between each two adjacent dual-stage vibrating filter plate assemblies 7. A gear and rack connection assembly 9 is installed between the follow-up shaking dust blowing assembly 8 and the dual-stage vibrating filter plate assemblies 7. The gear and rack connection assembly 9 is used to rigidly connect the two adjacent dual-stage vibrating filter plate assemblies 7, so that each dual-stage vibrating filter plate assembly 7 can vibrate synchronously in the horizontal direction, and to drive the connection between the dual-stage vibrating filter plate assemblies 7 and the follow-up shaking dust blowing assembly 8.

[0019] Example 2, based on Example 1, is... Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 It is shown that side chambers 102 are fixed on the left and right outer walls of the front dust collection chamber 1, and crossbeams 6 are fixed in the side chambers 102. One of the two-stage vibrating filter plate assemblies 7 includes a T-shaped slide block 72 slidably mounted on a crossbeam 6 via a track, a back plate 71 fixed to the crossbeam 6 and located behind the T-shaped slide block 72, and a hollow frame 73 with a beam fixed between the two T-shaped slide blocks 72 in the width direction of the front dust collection chamber 1. An elastic reset structure 75 is installed at the upper end of the hollow frame 73 with a beam. A filter screen structure 74 is installed on the movable end of the elastic reset structure 75 facing the outlet side of the front dust collection chamber 1. A grooved wheel top is installed on the T-shaped slide block 72 to trigger the filter screen structure 74 to move horizontally. When the horizontal vibration drive component 5 generates a reciprocating horizontal thrust, the two adjacent T-shaped slides 72 in the length direction of the crossbeam 6 are connected by the gear and rack connection component 9. Then, each T-shaped slide 72, the hollow frame with beam 73, the filter structure 74 and the elastic reset structure 75 all vibrate. At this time, the filter structure 74 is shaken rapidly and significantly to break the tight adsorption between the coal dust and the filter material due to the negative pressure locking effect, and the dense dust cake is broken into a loose state, creating the preconditions for subsequent airflow purging. The filter structure 74 includes a mesh frame 741 set on the air outlet side of the hollow frame 73 with beams, a dust removal mesh 742 installed inside the mesh frame 741, and a double-angled longitudinal beam 743 integrally formed on the upper edge of the mesh frame 741. The elastic reset structure 75 includes a longitudinal support beam 751 fixed to the upper end of the outer wall of the air intake side of the hollow frame 73 with beams, a number of anti-detachment pins 752 installed on the outer wall of the double-angled longitudinal beam 743, and a spring 753 fitted on the anti-detachment pins 752. One end of the anti-detachment pin 752 passes through the longitudinal support beam 751. The grooved wheel pushing structure 77 includes an L-shaped groove 771 formed in the back plate 71, a rotating shaft 772 rotatably installed in the T-shaped slide block 72, and a top plate 775 and a rocker 773 fixed at both ends of the rotating shaft 772 respectively. A pulley 774 is rotatably installed on the outer wall of the rocker 773 away from the T-shaped slide block 72, and the pulley 774 is located in the L-shaped groove 771. During the horizontal vibration of the T-shaped slide 72, the hollow frame with beam 73, the filter structure 74, and the elastic reset structure 75, since the pulley 774 of the crank 773 is located in the L-shaped groove 771 of the back plate 71, the pulley 774 will rotate following the trajectory of the L-shaped groove 771. In turn, the pulley 774 forces the crank 773 to drive the rotating shaft 772 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 772 drives the top plate 775 to rotate. After the top plate 775 rotates, its end will force the elastic reset structure 75 to move, causing the filter structure 74 to vibrate slightly. When the top plate 775 rotates following the movement trajectory of the pulley 774 and the L-shaped bend 771, the upper end of the top plate 775 contacts the double-angled longitudinal beam 743, causing the double-angled longitudinal beam 743 to move towards the longitudinal support beam 751. Consequently, the spring 753 between the double-angled longitudinal beam 743 and the longitudinal support beam 751 will be compressed. When the pulley 774 returns to the lower starting point of the L-shaped bend 771, the spring 753 will force the double-angled longitudinal beam 743, the mesh frame 741, and the dust removal mesh 742 to return to their original positions. By adding a small vibration to the large vibration, the thoroughness of dust cake removal is further increased. The horizontal vibration drive assembly 5 includes a voice coil motor 51 fixed on the top of the front dust collection chamber 1 and two symmetrical bent arms 52 mounted on the drive platform of the voice coil motor 51. A U-shaped bracket 76 is fixed on a T-shaped slide 72 at the rear of the front dust collection chamber 1, and the U-shaped bracket 76 is engaged with one end of the bent arm 52. Two internally threaded lugs 53 are fixed on the drive platform of the voice coil motor 51, and the internally threaded lugs 53 are bolted to the other end of the bent arm 52. Traditional rotary motors must rely on cams or eccentric shafts to convert rotary motion into rotational motion. Linear vibration, these intermediate links are prone to wear under long-term high-frequency operation in the air-supported coal yard, resulting in mechanical jamming or transmission idle. However, the voice coil motor 51 directly converts electrical energy into axial thrust, eliminating all intermediate conversion components. The voice coil motor 51 transmits vibration force to the T-shaped slide 72 at the rearmost end of the ash discharge assembly 2 through the bent arm 52. The vibration force is directly and without attenuation transmitted to each double-stage vibrating filter plate assembly 7 in the compartment, forcing the originally stationary double-stage vibrating filter plate assembly 7 to generate rigid vibration at the same frequency.

[0020] Example 3, based on Example 2, by Figure 11 , Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the gear and rack connecting assembly 9 serves to connect two adjacent two-stage vibrating filter plate assemblies 7 and to provide power to the follow-up shaking dust blowing assembly 8; The gear and rack connection assembly 9 includes a U-shaped span 91 bolted to the T-shaped slide 72 and spanning to the back plate 71, a straight rack 92 fixed on one side of the outer wall of the U-shaped span 91, and a right-angle arm 93. The straight rack 92 is connected to the follow-rock type dust blowing assembly 8, and the right-angle arm 93 is used to connect to another adjacent T-shaped slide 72. The U-shaped strut 91 allows the straight rack 92 to cross over the U-shaped strut 91 and be positioned behind it. At the same time, the right-angle arm 93 connects two adjacent T-shaped slides 72 along the length of the crossbeam 6. At this time, each T-shaped slide 72 can reciprocate and translate uniformly under the drive of the horizontal vibration drive component 5. The gear and rack connection component 9 transmits precisely and reliably, and can strictly control the shaking amplitude and frequency of the following dust blowing component 8, and has good durability in the harsh environment of the closed coal yard. The following type dust blowing assembly 8 includes a bearing seat 81 fixed to the top of the crossbeam 6, a hollow gear shaft 84 rotatably mounted in the bearing seat 81 via ball bearings, and a main air pipe 82 connected to one end of the hollow gear shaft 84. An air blowing pipe assembly 83 is installed at the end of the main air pipe 82 away from the hollow gear shaft 84. The hollow gear shaft 84 meshes with a linear rack 92. When the various T-shaped slides 72, hollow frame with beams 73, filter structure 74 and elastic reset structure 75 vibrate, the linear rack 92 will drive the hollow gear shaft 84 and the main air pipe 82 to rotate, causing the air blowing pipe assembly 83 to reciprocate around the axis of the main air pipe 82, thereby spraying high-pressure gas at a dynamic sweeping angle onto the windward side of the dust removal screen 742 to reduce the blind spots of the blowing.

[0021] Example 4, based on Example 3, by Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, a top cover 101 is bolted to the top of the front dust collection chamber 1. Several U-shaped groove plates 103 facing the elastic reset structure 75 are installed on the bottom surface of the top cover 101. A short lower edge 104 and a long lower edge 105 are integrally formed on the left and right lower edges of the U-shaped groove plates 103. A second dust removal net 106 is installed on the long lower edge 105. The other end of the second dust removal net 106 is fixed to the double-angle longitudinal beam 743. The short lower edge 104 abuts against the longitudinal support beam 751. One side of the dust removal net 106 is fixedly connected to the long lower edge 105 of the U-shaped trough plate 103, and the other side of the dust removal net 106 is connected to the double-angled longitudinal beam 743 at the upper edge of the mesh frame 741. At this time, the dust removal net 106 serves as a coal dust sealing surface between the mesh frame 741 and the long lower edge 105, thereby forming a continuous filter surface between the dust removal net 742 and the dust removal net 106, reducing the amount of coal dust escaping.

[0022] In this embodiment, after the centrifugal fan 4 starts running, it continuously draws air through the clean air duct 3 located at the tail of the front dust collection chamber 1, establishing a stable and continuous negative pressure environment inside the clean air duct 3 and the front dust collection chamber 1. Under this negative pressure, the air filled with coal dust in the air-film sealed coal yard is forced to be drawn into the front dust collection chamber 1 from the chamber inlet. As the dust-laden airflow flows forward, it passes through multiple double-stage vibrating filter plate assemblies 7. The filter screens in the double-stage vibrating filter plate assemblies 7 separate and intercept the fine coal dust particles carried in the airflow step by step by their own physical interception pores. The clean airflow after being fully filtered and purified flows out of the front dust collection chamber 1 through the clean air duct 3 and is pressurized by the centrifugal fan 4 and discharged back to the air supply system of the air-film structure, thus completing a complete internal air circulation. When it is determined that cleaning of the filter plate assembly is necessary, the operator shuts off the centrifugal blower 4 to completely stop its rotation, thereby eliminating the negative pressure in the front dust collection chamber 1 and the clean air duct 3 and restoring the air pressure inside the chamber to a state of relative equilibrium with the outside. The horizontal vibration drive assembly 5, installed on the top of the chamber, is then activated. Its output horizontal mechanical vibration force drives each of the two-stage vibrating filter plate assemblies 7 in the front dust collection chamber 1 to produce a high-frequency, small-amplitude reciprocating vibration. Through this violent physical shaking, the thick layer of coal dust adhering to the windward side of the filter plate is forced to loosen, and most of the surface dust detaches from the filter material surface due to the vibration inertia. Simultaneously, the rocking dust blowing assembly 8, under the precise meshing transmission of the gear and rack connection assembly 9, performs a reciprocating rocking motion in the gap between adjacent two-stage vibrating filter plate assemblies 7. This rocking process causes the high-pressure airflow to spray in a different direction. The continuous changes in the airflow cause the filter plate surface to be subjected to high-pressure cleaning through dynamic sweeping. The continuous vibration provided by the horizontal vibration drive component 5 and the dual-stage vibrating filter plate component 7, combined with the dynamic high-pressure airflow output by the follow-shaking dust blowing component 8, work together to break down the structural strength of the dust cake from the inside, while the dynamic sweeping removes residual fine particles from the outside. The two work together to achieve deep cleaning of the filter plate. The coal dust removed by vibration and sweeping settles downward under its own gravity and falls into the ash discharge component 2 at the bottom of the front dust collection chamber 1. The accumulated coal dust is transported to a designated external collection point through the closed ash discharge component 2. After all cleaning actions are completed, the staff turns off the horizontal vibration drive component 5, confirms that all moving parts in the front dust collection chamber 1 are stationary, and finally restarts the centrifugal blower 4 to restore the device to normal negative pressure suction and filtration operation.

[0023] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0024] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A dust emission suppression and dust reduction device for an air-supported closed coal yard, comprising a front dust collection chamber (1), an ash discharge assembly (2) disposed below the front dust collection chamber (1), a clean air duct (3) connected to the tail of the front dust collection chamber (1), and a centrifugal fan (4) connected to the end of the clean air duct (3), characterized in that: The interior of the front dust collection chamber (1) is provided with multiple dual-stage vibrating filter plate assemblies (7), and each dual-stage vibrating filter plate assembly (7) is arranged at equal intervals along the airflow direction to filter and intercept the dust-laden airflow entering the front dust collection chamber (1) step by step. The top of the front dust collection chamber (1) is equipped with a horizontal vibration drive assembly (5). The output end of the horizontal vibration drive assembly (5) is rigidly connected to a two-stage vibrating filter plate assembly (7) at the rear of the front dust collection chamber (1) and drives it to perform reciprocating motion. A follow-up shaking dust blowing assembly (8) is provided in the gap of the front dust collection chamber (1) between each two adjacent dual-stage vibrating filter plate assemblies (7). A gear and rack connection assembly (9) is installed between the follow-up shaking dust blowing assembly (8) and the dual-stage vibrating filter plate assembly (7). The gear and rack connection assembly (9) is used to make the two adjacent dual-stage vibrating filter plate assemblies (7) rigidly connected, so that each dual-stage vibrating filter plate assembly (7) can vibrate horizontally synchronously, and make the dual-stage vibrating filter plate assembly (7) and the follow-up shaking dust blowing assembly (8) drive each other.

2. The dust emission suppression and dust reduction device for an air-supported closed coal yard according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front dust collection chamber (1) has side chambers (102) fixed on its left and right outer walls, and a crossbeam (6) is fixed in the side chamber (102).

3. The dust emission suppression and dust reduction device for an air-supported closed coal yard according to claim 2, characterized in that: One of the dual-stage vibrating filter plate assemblies (7) includes a T-shaped slide (72) slidably mounted on a crossbeam (6) via a track, a back plate (71) fixed on the crossbeam (6) and located behind the T-shaped slide (72), and a beam-supported hollow frame (73) fixed between the two T-shaped slides (72) in the width direction of the front dust collection chamber (1). An elastic reset structure (75) is installed at the upper end of the beam-supported hollow frame (73). A filter screen structure (74) is installed on the movable end of the elastic reset structure (75) facing the outlet side of the front dust collection chamber (1). A grooved wheel push structure (77) for triggering the filter screen structure (74) to move horizontally is installed on the T-shaped slide (72).

4. The dust emission suppression and dust reduction device for an air-supported closed coal yard according to claim 3, characterized in that: The filter structure (74) includes a mesh frame (741) set on the air outlet side of the hollow frame (73) with beams, a dust removal mesh (742) installed inside the mesh frame (741), and a double-angled longitudinal beam (743) integrally formed on the upper edge of the mesh frame (741).

5. The dust emission suppression and dust reduction device for an air-supported closed coal yard according to claim 4, characterized in that: The elastic reset structure (75) includes a longitudinal support beam (751) fixed to the upper end of the outer wall of the air-expelling side of the hollow frame (73) with beams, several anti-detachment pins (752) installed on the outer wall of the double-angled longitudinal beam (743), and a spring (753) fitted on the anti-detachment pins (752). One end of the anti-detachment pin (752) passes through the longitudinal support beam (751).

6. The dust emission suppression and dust reduction device for an air-supported closed coal yard according to claim 4, characterized in that: The grooved wheel pushing structure (77) includes an L-shaped groove (771) opened in the back plate (71), a rotating shaft (772) rotatably installed in the T-shaped slide (72), and a top plate (775) and a rocker (773) fixed at both ends of the rotating shaft (772). A pulley (774) is rotatably installed on the outer wall of the rocker (773) away from the T-shaped slide (72), and the pulley (774) is located in the L-shaped groove (771).

7. The dust emission suppression and dust reduction device for an air-supported closed coal yard according to claim 3, characterized in that: The horizontal vibration drive assembly (5) includes a voice coil motor (51) fixed on the top of the front dust collection chamber (1) and two symmetrical bent arms (52) mounted on the drive platform of the voice coil motor (51). A U-shaped bracket (76) is fixed on a T-shaped slide (72) at the rear of the front dust collection chamber (1). The U-shaped bracket (76) and one end of the bent arm (52) are engaged. Two internal threaded lugs (53) are fixed on the drive platform of the voice coil motor (51). The other end of the internal threaded lugs (53) and the bent arm (52) are bolted together.

8. The dust emission suppression and dust reduction device for an air-supported closed coal yard according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gear and rack connection assembly (9) includes a U-shaped span (91) bolted to the T-shaped slide (72) and spanning behind the back plate (71), a straight rack (92) fixed on one side of the outer wall of the U-shaped span (91), and a right-angle arm (93). The straight rack (92) is connected to the follow-rock dust blowing assembly (8) for transmission, and the right-angle arm (93) is used to connect to another adjacent T-shaped slide (72).

9. The dust emission suppression and dust reduction device for an air-supported closed coal yard according to claim 8, characterized in that: The following type dust blowing assembly (8) includes a bearing seat (81) fixed to the top of the crossbeam (6), a hollow gear shaft (84) rotatably mounted in the bearing seat (81) via ball bearings, and a main air pipe (82) connected to one end of the hollow gear shaft (84). An air blowing pipe assembly (83) is installed at the end of the main air pipe (82) away from the hollow gear shaft (84). The hollow gear shaft (84) meshes with a linear rack (92).

10. The dust emission suppression and dust reduction device for an air-supported closed coal yard according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top of the front dust collection chamber (1) is bolted with a top cover (101). The bottom surface of the top cover (101) is equipped with several U-shaped groove plates (103) that are directly opposite the elastic reset structure (75), as well as short lower edge (104) and long lower edge (105) integrally formed on the left and right lower edges of the U-shaped groove plates (103). A second dust removal net (106) is installed on the long lower edge (105). The other end of the second dust removal net (106) is fixedly connected to the double-angled longitudinal beam (743). The short lower edge (104) and the longitudinal support beam (751) abut against each other.

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