A method and device for efficient stripping and waste heat recycling of copper ingot cast blank

Abstract

The present application relates to copper ingot demoulding and waste heat recovery technical field, and disclose a kind of copper ingot casting blank efficient demoulding and waste heat recycling method and device, including demoulding platform, the inside of the demoulding platform is provided with rectangular groove, the inside of the rectangular groove is provided and the upper surface of demoulding platform is provided with demoulding and waste heat utilization mechanism installation.This copper ingot casting blank efficient demoulding and waste heat recycling method and device, by setting up auxiliary air outlet demoulding mechanism, using hydraulic jack rod rises when driving fixed rack to rise, fixed rack drive gear one rotates, one-way bearing one is locked after rotating torque is transmitted to control lever and opens valve, so that compressed air in gas cylinder is evenly sprayed from porous air-permeable metal ring through transmission pipe, form air cushion layer between hot copper ingot bottom and mould body, realize grading force, reduce the peak pressure required for hydraulic jack rod to overcome initial static friction, so as to reduce the pressure grade and rigidity requirement of hydraulic system, reduce hydraulic equipment investment and maintenance cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of copper ingot demolding and waste heat recovery technology, specifically to a method and apparatus for efficient demolding and waste heat recovery of copper ingot castings. Background Technology

[0002] Copper ingot billets are semi-finished products made from copper and copper alloys through casting processes. They are usually smelted and cast into specific shapes (such as flat ingots, square ingots, or round ingots) for subsequent rolling, extrusion, or forging processes. During the manufacturing process, copper ingot billets need to be demolded, and residual heat can be recycled during the manufacturing process.

[0003] In the existing technology, after the copper ingot billet is cast and solidified, the hydraulic ejection mechanism accurately and smoothly ejects the hot billet from the bottom of the mold, achieving non-destructive demolding. The ejected hot billet is immediately sent directly into the heating furnace by a high-temperature resistant robot, where it is used for homogenization or reheating before subsequent hot processing. This reduces heat waste and reheating energy consumption, shortens the process cycle, and reduces oxidation and burning loss on the billet surface.

[0004] During demolding, ejector pins are used for demolding. However, they cannot automatically apply force in stages to reduce the peak pressure of the hydraulic system. The hydraulic ejector pins must rely entirely on their own strength to overcome the initial static friction. The peak force is very large, requiring the hydraulic system to have high pressure and rigidity. They cannot use the lifting force to synchronously drive compressed air to assist in the demolding operation, which limits the improvement of demolding efficiency and ingot quality.

[0005] Although compressed air can be used to assist in demolding while the ejector pin is being ejected, an additional high-temperature resistant robotic arm is still needed to transport the copper ingot billet after demolding. The downward force after the ejector pin rises cannot be used to transport the copper ingot billet to the heating furnace, which results in a longer process cycle and a large amount of heat loss during waiting and transfer, weakening the energy-saving effect of hot charging and hot delivery. At the same time, it also increases the complexity and failure rate of the overall automation linkage. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method and apparatus for efficient demolding and waste heat recovery of copper ingot castings. It has the advantages of simultaneously using compressed air for assisted demolding during lifting and demolding, and being able to push and transport the castings using descent force after lifting, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] The present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-efficiency demolding and waste heat recovery device for copper ingot casting, including a demolding table, the interior of which is provided with a rectangular groove, and a demolding and waste heat recovery mechanism is installed inside the rectangular groove and on the upper surface of the demolding table. The demolding and waste heat utilization mechanism is equipped with an auxiliary air-venting demolding mechanism that converts the lifting force into a switching force at its power output end, and a waste heat utilization pushing mechanism that converts the lifting force into a pushing force is installed at the power output end of the auxiliary air-venting demolding mechanism. The demolding and waste heat utilization mechanism consists of an auxiliary air-venting demolding mechanism and a waste heat utilization driving mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, the auxiliary air-venting demolding mechanism includes a hydraulic ejector rod, an ejector head, a fixed rack, an extension plate, a gas cylinder, a valve, a transmission pipe, a control rod, and a one-way bearing. One end of the hydraulic ejector rod is fixedly installed to the bottom of the rectangular groove, the bottom of the ejector head is fixedly installed to the other end of the hydraulic ejector rod, the upper surface of the fixed rack is fixedly installed to the lower surface of the ejector head, one side of the extension plate is fixedly installed to the left side of the rectangular groove, the outer surface of the gas cylinder is fixedly installed to the upper surface of the extension plate, the air inlet of the valve is fixedly installed to the air outlet of the gas cylinder, one end of the transmission pipe is fixedly installed to the air outlet of the valve, one end of the control rod is internally controlled by the valve, and the interior of the one-way bearing is internally connected to the outer surface of the control rod.

[0009] Preferably, the waste heat utilization pushing mechanism includes a rotating shaft, a limiting block, a limiting block, a sliding rack, a one-way bearing, a gear, and a pushing block. The lower surface of the limiting block is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the demolding table. The outer surface of the rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the limiting block. The lower surface of the limiting block is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the demolding table. The outer surface of the sliding rack is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting block. The inner ring of the one-way bearing is installed on the outer surface of one end of the rotating shaft. The inner ring of the gear is installed on the outer surface of the one-way bearing. The outer surface of the gear meshes with the upper surface of the sliding rack. After demolding, when the gear descends, the gear meshes with the sliding rack. The right side of the pushing block is fixedly installed on the left side of the sliding rack.

[0010] Preferably, a gear is mounted on the outer surface of the one-way bearing, and the outer surface of the gear engages with one side of the fixed rack, and the engagement between the one side of the fixed rack and the outer surface of the gear is only performed when the fixed rack is raised.

[0011] Preferably, a torsion spring is fixedly installed on the back of the valve, and one end of the torsion spring is fixedly installed on the front of the gear.

[0012] Preferably, a connecting rod is fixedly installed at one end of the control rod, a pulley is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the connecting rod, a transmission belt is driven on the outer surface of the pulley, a second pulley is driven on the inner ring of the transmission belt, and the interior of the second pulley is fixedly installed on the outer surface of one end of the rotating shaft.

[0013] Preferably, a mold body is installed inside the demolding table. The inner wall of the mold body is slidably connected to the outer surface of the top. A porous, breathable metal ring is installed at the bottom inside the mold body. The inner wall of the porous, breathable metal ring is in contact with the molten metal, but because the micropores are extremely small, the molten metal does not penetrate.

[0014] Preferably, the outer surface of the transmission tube passes through the mold body, and one end of the transmission tube is fixedly installed inside the porous, breathable metal ring.

[0015] Preferably, a heating furnace is installed on the left side of the demolding table, and an inclined slide is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the demolding table, with the sliding end of the inclined slide aligned with the inlet of the heating furnace.

[0016] A method for efficient demolding and waste heat recovery of copper ingot castings includes the following specific steps: S1. Start the hydraulic jacking rod to rise. The hydraulic jacking rod pushes the jack head upward. The jack head contacts the porous, ventilated metal ring and begins to lift the hot copper ingot. Simultaneously, the fixed rack rises synchronously with the jack head. The fixed rack meshes with the gear, driving the gear to rotate. After the one-way bearing locks, the rotational torque is transmitted to the control rod. The control rod drives the valve core inside the valve to rotate, and the valve gradually opens. The torsion spring stores energy when the gear rotates. S2. After the valve is opened, the compressed air in the gas cylinder enters the transmission pipe through the valve. The compressed air is evenly sprayed out through the porous and breathable metal ring, forming an air cushion layer between the bottom of the hot copper ingot and the mold body. This breaks the vacuum adsorption and reduces static friction. The hydraulic ejector continues to rise, completely ejecting the hot copper ingot from the mold body, achieving graded force application and assisted demolding. S3. The hydraulic jack descends, and the fixed rack moves down accordingly. The one-way bearing slips, and the rotation of gear one is not transmitted to the control lever. The torsion spring releases its stored energy, driving gear one to rotate in the opposite direction to reset. The control lever rotates in the opposite direction, causing the valve to close and cutting off the compressed air supply. S4. During the descent of the hydraulic push rod, the rotating shaft is locked by the one-way bearing and drives the gear to rotate. The gear meshes with the sliding rack and drives the sliding rack to slide to the left along the limit block. The push block then pushes the demolded hot copper ingot to the inclined slide. The hot copper ingot slides into the heating furnace along the inclined slide, realizing hot charging and hot delivery and waste heat recovery.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This efficient demolding and waste heat recovery device for copper ingot casting utilizes an auxiliary air-discharging demolding mechanism. When the hydraulic ejector rises, it drives a fixed rack to rise. The fixed rack drives a gear to rotate, and after the one-way bearing locks, the rotational torque is transmitted to the control rod, opening the valve. This allows compressed air from the gas cylinder to be evenly sprayed out through a perforated metal ring via a transmission pipe, forming an air cushion layer between the bottom of the hot copper ingot and the mold body. This achieves graded force application, reducing the peak pressure required for the hydraulic ejector to overcome initial static friction, thereby reducing the pressure level and rigidity requirements of the hydraulic system and decreasing investment and maintenance costs for hydraulic equipment. The torsion spring stores energy when the gear rotates; when the hydraulic ejector descends, the one-way bearing slips, releasing the energy to drive the gear to rotate in the opposite direction and reset, automatically closing the valve. This achieves intermittent and precise control of compressed air, avoiding the waste of air source caused by continuous jetting, effectively improving demolding efficiency and ingot surface quality, and preventing cracks or scratches on the ingot due to excessive instantaneous force.

[0018] 2. This efficient copper ingot casting demolding and waste heat recovery device, through the setting of a waste heat recovery pushing mechanism, when the hydraulic ejector completes demolding and begins to descend, the rotating shaft one is locked by the one-way bearing two and drives the gear two to rotate. The gear two meshes with the sliding rack, driving the sliding rack to slide to the left along the limit block two. The pushing block then pushes the demolded hot copper ingot towards the inclined slide. The hot copper ingot relies on its own gravity to slide into the heating furnace along the inclined slide. This realizes the direct driving of the hot copper ingot into the heating furnace by the mechanical energy of the hydraulic ejector descending, without the need for additional high-temperature resistant robotic arms or special conveyor chains, reducing equipment investment and maintenance costs. The hot copper ingot can be sent into the heating furnace for hot charging and hot delivery within seconds after demolding, making full use of its own sensible heat for homogenization or reheating before subsequent hot processing, reducing heat energy waste and reheating energy consumption, shortening the process cycle, and reducing oxidation and burning loss on the surface of the casting, thus improving the reliability and energy-saving effect of the overall automated linkage. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present invention; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A top-view structural diagram; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the rear view structure; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the rear view structure; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Demolding table; 2. Heating furnace; 3. Rectangular groove; 4. Mold body; 5. Hydraulic ejector rod; 6. Ejector head; 7. Perforated ventilated metal ring; 8. Fixed rack; 9. Extension plate; 10. Gas cylinder; 11. Valve; 12. Transmission pipe; 13. Control rod; 14. One-way bearing; 15. Gear; 16. Torsion spring; 17. Connecting rod; 18. Pulley; 19. Transmission belt; 20. Pulley; 21. Rotating shaft; 22. Limiting block; 23. Limiting block; 24. Sliding rack; 25. One-way bearing; 26. Gear; 27. Inclined slide; 28. Push block. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 A device for efficient demolding and waste heat recovery of copper ingot casting includes a demolding table 1, a rectangular groove 3 is provided inside the demolding table 1, and a demolding and waste heat recovery mechanism is installed inside the rectangular groove 3 and on the upper surface of the demolding table 1. The power output end of the demolding and waste heat utilization mechanism is equipped with an auxiliary air-venting demolding mechanism that converts the lifting force into the opening and closing force. The power output end of the auxiliary air-venting demolding mechanism is equipped with a waste heat utilization pushing mechanism that converts the lifting force into the pushing force. The demolding and waste heat utilization mechanism consists of an auxiliary air-venting demolding mechanism and a waste heat utilization pushing mechanism. The auxiliary air-venting demolding mechanism includes a hydraulic ejector rod 5, an ejector head 6, a fixed rack 8, an extension plate 9, a gas cylinder 10, a valve 11, a transmission pipe 12, a control rod 13, and a one-way bearing 14. One end of the hydraulic ejector rod 5 is fixedly installed to the bottom end inside the rectangular groove 3. The bottom of the ejector head 6 is fixedly installed to the other end of the hydraulic ejector rod 5. The upper surface of the fixed rack 8 is fixedly installed to the lower surface of the ejector head 6. One side of the extension plate 9 is fixedly installed to the left side inside the rectangular groove 3. The outer surface of the gas cylinder 10 is fixedly installed to the upper surface of the extension plate 9. The air inlet end of the valve 11 is fixedly installed to the air outlet of the gas cylinder 10. One end of the transmission pipe 12 is fixedly installed to the air outlet end of the valve 11. One end of the control rod 13 is fixedly installed to the valve... The internal control installation of valve 11 includes a one-way bearing 14 installed inside and a control rod 13 on the outer surface. A gear 15 is installed on the outer surface of the one-way bearing 14. The outer surface of the gear 15 meshes with one side of the fixed rack 8. The fixed rack 8 only meshes with the outer surface of the gear 15 when it rises. A torsion spring 16 is fixedly installed on the back of valve 11. One end of the torsion spring 16 is fixedly installed on the front of the gear 15. A connecting rod 17 is fixedly installed on one end of the control rod 13. A pulley 18 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the connecting rod 17. A transmission belt 19 is driven on the outer surface of the pulley 18. A second pulley 20 is driven on the inner ring of the transmission belt 19. The interior of the second pulley 20 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of one end of the rotating shaft 21.

[0023] Specifically, by setting up an auxiliary air-assisted demolding mechanism, the hydraulic ejector rod 5 drives the ejector head 6 and the fixed rack 8 to rise. During the rising process, the fixed rack 8 meshes with gear 15, driving gear 15 to rotate. Gear 15, through the elastic energy storage of the torsion spring 16, drives the control rod 13 to open the valve 11, allowing the high-pressure gas in the gas cylinder 10 to be ejected through the transmission pipe 12, applying an upward pneumatic force to the bottom surface of the copper ingot casting, thus achieving pneumatically assisted demolding. This effectively reduces the adhesion between the copper ingot and the mold, making demolding smoother and more efficient, reducing surface damage to the casting, and improving product quality. Furthermore, by setting up a one-way bearing 14, it is ensured that gear 15 drives valve 11 to open only when fixed rack 8 rises, and when fixed rack 8 falls back to reset, gear 15 disengages from fixed rack 8, and valve 11 automatically closes under the action of torsion spring 16. This achieves precise timing coordination between demolding action and air supply action, resulting in a compact structure, reliable operation, and no need for an additional electrical control system, thus reducing failure rate and maintenance costs.

[0024] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 7The waste heat utilization pushing mechanism includes a rotating shaft 21, a limiting block 22, a limiting block 23, a sliding rack 24, a one-way bearing 25, a gear 26, and a pushing block 28. The lower surface of the limiting block 22 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the demolding table 1. The outer surface of the rotating shaft 21 is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the limiting block 22. The lower surface of the limiting block 23 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the demolding table 1. The outer surface of the sliding rack 24 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting block 23. The inner ring of the one-way bearing 25 is installed on the outer surface of one end of the rotating shaft 21. The inner ring of the gear 26 is installed on the outer surface of the one-way bearing 25. The outer surface of the gear 26 meshes with the upper surface of the sliding rack 24. After demolding, when the shaft descends, the gear 26 meshes with the sliding rack 24. The right side of the pushing block 28 is fixedly installed on the left side of the sliding rack 24.

[0025] Specifically, by setting up a waste heat utilization pushing mechanism, during the descent of the rotating shaft 21 after demolding, the gear 26 rotates via the one-way bearing 25. The gear 26 meshes with the sliding rack 24, converting the rotational motion of the rotating shaft 21 into the linear motion of the sliding rack 24, which in turn drives the pushing block 28 to push the demolded copper ingot to the designated position. This achieves seamless connection between demolding and conveying, eliminating the need for an additional independent pushing power source, thus reducing the manufacturing cost and operating energy consumption of the equipment. Furthermore, by setting up the one-way bearing 25, it is ensured that the gear 26 only drives the sliding rack 24 to move when the rotating shaft 21 descends, i.e. after demolding is completed. During the demolding process when the rotating shaft 21 rises, the gear 26 disengages from the rotating shaft 21, and the sliding rack 24 and the push block 28 remain stationary. This avoids interference between the push mechanism and the lifting action during demolding, achieving precise timing separation of demolding and pushing actions, ensuring reliable operation and no interference between them.

[0026] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The demolding table 1 is equipped with a mold body 4. The inner wall of the mold body 4 is slidably connected to the outer surface of the top head 6. A porous and breathable metal ring 7 is installed at the bottom of the mold body 4. The inner wall of the porous and breathable metal ring 7 is in contact with the molten metal, but the molten metal does not penetrate due to the extremely small micropores. The outer surface of the transfer pipe 12 passes through the mold body 4, and one end of the transfer pipe 12 is fixedly installed inside the porous and breathable metal ring 7. A heating furnace 2 is installed on the left side of the demolding table 1. An inclined slide 27 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the demolding table 1. The sliding end of the inclined slide 27 is aligned with the inlet of the heating furnace 2.

[0027] Specifically, by setting a porous, breathable metal ring 7 at the bottom of the mold body 4, and fixing one end of the transmission pipe 12 to the inside of the porous, breathable metal ring 7, the high-pressure gas in the gas cylinder 10 is directly transported to the porous, breathable metal ring 7 at the bottom of the mold body 4 through the transmission pipe 12. The gas is evenly sprayed upward through the micropores, forming a uniform air cushion layer between the bottom surface of the copper ingot casting and the mold. This effectively eliminates the vacuum adsorption effect and mechanical clamping force between the casting and the mold, resulting in faster and more thorough demolding. Furthermore, because the micropores are extremely small, the molten metal does not seep in, avoiding gas leakage and molten metal contamination, thus ensuring demolding quality and gas utilization efficiency. Furthermore, by setting an inclined slide 27, with its sliding end aligned with the inlet of the heating furnace 2, the copper ingot billet pushed by the pusher block 28 slides into the heating furnace 2 by its own weight along the inclined slide 27 for reheating or heat preservation treatment. This achieves automatic guidance and transportation of the billet after demolding, eliminating the manual handling process, reducing labor intensity, and avoiding damage or surface oxidation of the billet due to improper manual operation during transportation. This improves production efficiency and product qualification rate. Through the sliding connection between the outer surface of the mandrel 6 and the inner wall of the mold body 4, it is ensured that when the hydraulic push rod 5 drives the mandrel 6 to rise and demold, the mandrel 6 moves stably and linearly along the inner wall of the mold body 4, avoiding deviation and jamming during the lifting process. At the same time, the mold body 4 guides and protects the mandrel 6, extending the service life of the mandrel 6 and the hydraulic push rod 5, improving the accuracy of the demolding action and the operational reliability of the equipment.

[0028] A method for efficient demolding and waste heat recovery of copper ingot castings includes the following specific steps: S1. The hydraulic jack 5 is activated and rises, pushing the jack head 6 upwards. The jack head 6 contacts the porous, breathable metal ring 7 and begins to lift the hot copper ingot. Simultaneously, the fixed rack 8 rises synchronously with the jack head 6. The fixed rack 8 meshes with gear 15, driving gear 15 to rotate. After the one-way bearing 14 locks, it transmits the rotational torque to the control rod 13. The control rod 13 drives the valve core inside the valve 11 to rotate, and the valve 11 gradually opens. The torsion spring 16 stores energy while gear 15 rotates. S2. After valve 11 is opened, compressed air in gas cylinder 10 enters transmission pipe 12 through valve 11. The compressed air is evenly sprayed out through porous breathable metal ring 7, forming an air cushion layer between the bottom of the hot copper ingot and the mold body 4, breaking the vacuum adsorption and reducing static friction. The hydraulic ejector rod 5 continues to rise, completely ejecting the hot copper ingot from the mold body 4, realizing graded force application and assisted demolding. S3. As the hydraulic jack 5 descends, the fixed rack 8 moves downwards accordingly. The one-way bearing 14 slips, and the rotation of gear 15 is not transmitted to the control lever 13. The torsion spring 16 releases its stored energy, driving gear 15 to rotate in the opposite direction to reset. The control lever 13 rotates in the opposite direction, causing valve 11 to close and cutting off the compressed air supply. S4. During the descent of the hydraulic push rod 5, the rotating shaft 21 is locked by the one-way bearing 25 and drives the gear 26 to rotate. The gear 26 meshes with the sliding rack 24, driving the sliding rack 24 to slide to the left along the limit block 23. The push block 28 then pushes the demolded hot copper ingot towards the inclined slide 27. The hot copper ingot slides into the heating furnace 2 along the inclined slide 27, realizing hot charging and hot delivery and waste heat recovery.

[0029] Working principle: During use, before demolding begins, the mold body 4 containing the hot copper ingot has been moved to the rectangular groove 3 on the demolding table 1 via the conveying device. The hydraulic ejector rod 5 is in a retracted state, the ejector head 6 is at its lowest position, the fixed rack 8 and gear 15 are at the critical position of imminent engagement, the valve 11 is in a closed state, the sliding rack 24 is at its rightmost position, and the push block 28 is in a retracted state. The hydraulic ejector rod 5 starts to rise, pushing the ejector head 6 upward. The ejector head 6 first contacts the porous ventilated metal ring 7 and begins to lift the hot copper ingot upward. At this time, the fixed rack 8 rises synchronously with the ejector head 6. During the rise, the fixed rack 8 engages with gear 15, driving gear 15 to rotate. Since gear 15 is mounted on the control rod 13 via a one-way bearing 14, the one-way bearing 14 locks during the rise, transmitting the rotational torque to the control rod 13, which in turn drives the valve core inside valve 11 to rotate, and valve 11 gradually opens. Simultaneously, when gear 15 rotates, torsion spring 16 stores energy. After valve 11 is opened, compressed air in cylinder 10 enters transmission pipe 12 through valve 11, and is then evenly sprayed out through porous permeable metal ring 7, forming an air cushion layer between the bottom of hot copper ingot and mold, breaking vacuum adsorption and significantly reducing static friction, achieving graded force application, and reducing the peak pressure of hydraulic push rod 5. While gear 15 rotates, it drives pulley 18 to rotate through coaxially mounted connecting rod 17. Pulley 18 drives pulley 20 to rotate through transmission belt 19, and pulley 20 drives rotating shaft 21 to rotate. Rotating shaft 21 drives gear 26 to rotate via one-way bearing 25. However, due to slippage of one-way bearing 25 during the upward phase, gear 26 does not move the sliding rack 24, only completing idling and energy storage. Hydraulic ejector 5 continues to rise to its highest point, and the hot copper ingot completely detaches from the mold body 4. At this time, valve 11 is fully open, and compressed air is continuously sprayed to ensure smooth demolding. Hydraulic ejector 5 begins to descend, and fixed rack 8 moves down accordingly. At this time, one-way bearing 14 slips, and the rotation of gear 15 is not transmitted to control lever 13. Torsion spring 16 releases the stored energy, driving gear 15 to rotate in the opposite direction to reset, driving control lever 13 to rotate in the opposite direction. Valve 11 gradually closes, cutting off the compressed air supply. Hydraulic ejector 5 continues to descend, and fixed rack 8 re-engages with gear 15 during its descent. However, due to slippage of one-way bearing 14, power is not transmitted to the air valve. Meanwhile, during the descent phase, the rotating shaft 21 is locked by the one-way bearing 25, driving the gear 26 to rotate. The gear 26 meshes with the sliding rack 24, driving the sliding rack 24 to slide to the left along the limiting block 23. As the sliding rack 24 moves to the left, it drives the pushing block 28 to move to the left simultaneously. The pushing block pushes the demolded hot copper ingot towards the inclined slide 27. The hot copper ingot slides into the inlet of the heating furnace 2 along the inclined slide 27 by gravity, achieving hot charging and hot delivery. The hydraulic push rod 5 descends to the lowest point, the sliding rack 24 moves to the leftmost end, and the pushing block 28 completes its pushing stroke.Subsequently, when the hydraulic jack 5 rises again, the one-way bearing 25 slips, the gear 26 spins freely, and the sliding rack 24 and the push block 28 are manually reset, waiting for the next work cycle.

[0030] Heating furnace 2 can be a resistance heating furnace for homogenizing or replenishing the temperature of hot copper ingots pushed into the furnace; hydraulic push rod 5 adopts an engineering hydraulic cylinder, which is driven to rise and fall by an external hydraulic station; porous ventilated metal steel ring 7 is made of powder metallurgy stainless steel and is installed at the bottom of mold body 4. Its microporous structure allows compressed air to pass through but prevents copper liquid from seeping in; gas cylinder 10 adopts a standard high-pressure gas cylinder, which does not require power supply and is charged by an external air compressor; valve 11 adopts a miniature rotary ball valve, whose valve core is rigidly connected to control rod 13; one-way bearing 14 adopts C SK type one-way needle roller bearings are installed between control rod 13 and gear 15 to ensure that torque is locked during ascent and slips during descent. One-way bearing 25 adopts the same series CSK type one-way needle roller bearings and is installed between rotating shaft 21 and gear 26 to lock the sliding rack 24 during descent and slip during ascent. In terms of power supply, hydraulic jack 5 is driven by hydraulic station, heating furnace 2 is powered by natural gas pipeline or resistance heating module depending on type, gas cylinder 10 is filled by air compressor, and push block 28 and inclined slide 27 need to be made of high chromium heat-resistant cast iron.

[0031] Before each demolding operation, the porous, breathable metal ring 7 must be checked for blockage. If a drop in air pressure or uneven airflow occurs, it should be immediately removed and purged with high-pressure nitrogen or ultrasonically cleaned. Sharp tools must not be used to unclog it to avoid damaging the microporous structure. The rising speed of the hydraulic ejector rod 5 should be controlled. Too slow a speed will result in insufficient torque for the fixed rack 8 to drive the gear 15, preventing the valve 11 from opening fully. Too fast a speed may prevent the gas cylinder 10 from supplying enough gas to establish an effective air cushion, while also exacerbating the impact wear of the one-way bearing 14 and the two-way bearing 25. The output pressure of the gas cylinder 10 must be constant. Too low a pressure will not break the vacuum adsorption, while too high a pressure will... The hot copper ingot can be deflected at the moment of demolding, causing it to slip or collide; the preload torque of the torsion spring 16 needs to be precisely adjusted during installation to ensure that the valve 11 can be completely closed when the hydraulic ejector rod 5 descends, avoiding continuous leakage of compressed air and waste of air source; the furnace door of the heating furnace 2 needs to be mechanically or pneumatically interlocked with the sliding end of the inclined slide 27 to ensure that the furnace door automatically opens when the hot copper ingot slides in and closes quickly after sliding in, minimizing heat loss in the furnace; the locking function of the one-way bearing 14 and the one-way bearing 25 should be checked regularly. If it is found that it cannot lock when rising or cannot slip when descending, it needs to be replaced in time, otherwise it will cause the air valve timing to be disordered or the pushing action to fail.

[0032] It should be noted that the scope of protection of this invention does not involve improvements to the internal structure and methods; furthermore, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0033] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for efficient demolding and waste heat recovery of copper ingot castings, characterized in that: It includes a demolding table (1), the demolding table (1) has a rectangular groove (3) inside, and a demolding and waste heat utilization mechanism is installed inside the rectangular groove (3) and on the upper surface of the demolding table (1). The demolding and waste heat utilization mechanism is equipped with an auxiliary air-venting demolding mechanism that converts the lifting force into a switching force at its power output end, and a waste heat utilization pushing mechanism that converts the lifting force into a pushing force is installed at the power output end of the auxiliary air-venting demolding mechanism. The demolding and waste heat utilization mechanism consists of an auxiliary air-venting demolding mechanism and a waste heat utilization driving mechanism.

2. The efficient demolding and waste heat recovery device for copper ingot castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary air ejection and demolding mechanism includes a hydraulic ejector rod (5), an ejector head (6), a fixed rack (8), an extension plate (9), a gas cylinder (10), a valve (11), a transmission pipe (12), a control rod (13), and a one-way bearing (14). One end of the hydraulic ejector rod (5) is fixedly installed to the bottom end of the rectangular groove (3), the bottom of the ejector head (6) is fixedly installed to the other end of the hydraulic ejector rod (5), and the upper surface of the fixed rack (8) is fixedly installed to the lower surface of the ejector head (6). One side of the extension plate (9) is fixedly installed with the left side inside the rectangular groove (3), the outer surface of the gas cylinder (10) is fixedly installed with the upper surface of the extension plate (9), the inlet end of the valve (11) is fixedly installed with the outlet of the gas cylinder (10), one end of the transmission pipe (12) is fixedly installed with the outlet end of the valve (11), one end of the control rod (13) is installed with the inside of the valve (11), and the inside of the one-way bearing (14) is installed with the outer surface of the control rod (13).

3. The efficient demolding and waste heat recovery device for copper ingot castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste heat utilization pushing mechanism includes a rotating shaft (21), a limiting block (22), a limiting block (23), a sliding rack (24), a one-way bearing (25), a gear (26), and a pushing block (28). The lower surface of the limiting block (22) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the demolding table (1). The outer surface of the rotating shaft (21) is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the limiting block (22). The lower surface of the limiting block (23) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the demolding table (1). The outer surface of the sliding rack (24) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the demolding table (1). The surface is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting block 2 (23). The inner ring of the one-way bearing 2 (25) is installed on the outer surface of one end of the rotating shaft 1 (21). The inner ring of the gear 2 (26) is installed on the outer surface of the one-way bearing 2 (25). The outer surface of the gear 2 (26) meshes with the upper surface of the sliding rack (24). After demolding, when the gear 2 (26) descends, the gear 2 (26) meshes with the sliding rack (24). The right side of the push block (28) is fixedly installed with the left side of the sliding rack (24).

4. The efficient demolding and waste heat recovery device for copper ingot castings according to claim 2, characterized in that: A gear (15) is mounted on the outer surface of the one-way bearing (14). The outer surface of the gear (15) meshes with one side of the fixed rack (8), and the fixed rack (8) meshes with the outer surface of the gear (15) only when the fixed rack (8) rises.

5. The efficient demolding and waste heat recovery device for copper ingot castings according to claim 2, characterized in that: A torsion spring (16) is fixedly installed on the back of the valve (11), and one end of the torsion spring (16) is fixedly installed on the front of the gear (15).

6. The efficient demolding and waste heat recovery device for copper ingot castings according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the control lever (13) is fixedly installed with a connecting rod (17), and a pulley (18) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the connecting rod (17). A transmission belt (19) is installed on the outer surface of the pulley (18), and a pulley (20) is installed on the inner ring of the transmission belt (19). The interior of the pulley (20) is fixedly installed with the outer surface of one end of the rotating shaft (21).

7. The efficient demolding and waste heat recovery device for copper ingot castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mold body (4) is installed inside the demolding table (1). The inner wall of the mold body (4) is slidably connected to the outer surface of the top head (6). A porous and breathable metal ring (7) is installed at the bottom inside the mold body (4). The inner wall of the porous and breathable metal ring (7) is in contact with the molten metal, but because the micropores are extremely small, the molten metal does not penetrate.

8. The efficient demolding and waste heat recovery device for copper ingot castings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer surface of the transmission tube (12) passes through the mold body (4), and one end of the transmission tube (12) is fixedly installed inside the porous breathable metal ring (7).

9. The efficient demolding and waste heat recovery device for copper ingot castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heating furnace (2) is installed on the left side of the demolding table (1). An inclined slide (27) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the demolding table (1). The sliding end of the inclined slide (27) is aligned with the inlet of the heating furnace (2).

10. A method for efficient demolding and waste heat recovery of copper ingot castings, characterized in that, The specific steps include the following: S1. Start the hydraulic jack (5) to rise. The hydraulic jack (5) pushes the jack (6) upward. The jack (6) contacts the porous ventilated metal ring (7) and begins to lift the hot copper ingot. At the same time, the fixed rack (8) rises synchronously with the jack (6). The fixed rack (8) meshes with gear one (15) and drives gear one (15) to rotate. After the one-way bearing one (14) is locked, the rotational torque is transmitted to the control rod (13). The control rod (13) drives the valve core inside the valve (11) to rotate. The valve (11) gradually opens. The torsion spring (16) stores energy when gear one (15) rotates. S2. After valve (11) is opened, the compressed air in the gas cylinder (10) enters the transmission pipe (12) through valve (11). The compressed air is evenly sprayed out through the porous and breathable metal steel ring (7), forming an air cushion layer between the bottom of the hot copper ingot and the mold body (4), which breaks the vacuum adsorption and reduces static friction. The hydraulic push rod (5) continues to rise and completely pushes the hot copper ingot out of the mold body (4), realizing graded force application and assisted demolding. S3. The hydraulic jack (5) descends, and the fixed rack (8) moves down accordingly. The one-way bearing (14) slips, and the rotation of gear (15) is not transmitted to the control lever (13). The torsion spring (16) releases its stored energy, driving gear (15) to rotate in the opposite direction to reset. The control lever (13) rotates in the opposite direction, causing the valve (11) to close and cutting off the compressed air supply. S4. During the descent of the hydraulic push rod (5), the rotating shaft (21) is locked by the one-way bearing (25) and drives the gear (26) to rotate. The gear (26) meshes with the sliding rack (24) and drives the sliding rack (24) to slide to the left along the limit block (23). The push block (28) then pushes the hot copper ingot after demolding to the inclined slide (27). The hot copper ingot slides into the heating furnace (2) along the inclined slide (27), realizing hot charging and hot delivery and waste heat recovery.

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