Vehicle window glass and vehicle

Abstract

The application provides a vehicle window glass and a vehicle, comprising a glass assembly and a functional patch, the glass assembly comprising a glass substrate with a signal transmission area and an ink layer arranged on the glass substrate, the ink layer comprising a first ink part arranged around the signal transmission area; the functional patch is arranged on the glass assembly and can cover the signal transmission area along the thickness direction of the glass assembly, the functional patch comprising an outer peripheral edge protruding from the signal transmission area and coinciding with the first ink part, and the outer peripheral edge of the functional patch has a preset coincidence amount with the first ink part. The outer peripheral edge of the functional patch in the application has a preset coincidence amount with the first ink part, effectively inhibiting the edge bright band caused by the refraction deviation of the light beam at the interface between the glass substrate and the functional patch, eliminating the optical deformation bright band area, hiding the outer peripheral edge of the functional patch, improving the appearance, and preventing the outer peripheral edge of the functional patch from invading the main viewing area, and improving the safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of glass product technology, and in particular to a car window glass and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of intelligent driving technology, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) sensors are accelerating their evolution from external to internal integration. Currently, some mass-produced vehicles embed LiDAR behind the windshield. However, this integration method faces a key optical bottleneck: although existing automotive windshields use near-infrared low-absorption glass, the transmittance of a single sheet is only about 80% under the mainstream operating wavelength of LiDAR (905 nm) and the large incident angle of actual vehicle installation. This leads to a decrease in signal-to-noise ratio, a shortened detection distance, and a reduction in point cloud density, severely limiting system performance. To improve the transmittance at large angles in specific wavelength bands, existing technologies coat an anti-reflection film onto an ultra-thin glass sheet, and then bond the ultra-thin glass sheet with the anti-reflection film to the windshield. However, existing technologies do not fully consider the integration of the patch with the windshield; the exposed edges of the ultra-thin glass patch have obvious optical distortion bright bands. If these bright bands are in the signal transmission area, they will seriously affect the working effect of the LiDAR. If the bright band area is covered by increasing the patch size, it is very easy to intrude into the driver's main field of vision, thus causing safety problems. Therefore, how to eliminate the optically distorted bright band area and control the patch edge to avoid intrusion into the main field of vision has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a car window glass and a vehicle for eliminating the bright band area of ​​optical distortion and controlling the edge of the patch to avoid intrusion into the main viewing area.

[0004] The above-mentioned objective of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solution: the present invention provides a vehicle window glass, comprising: A glass assembly, the glass assembly including a glass substrate having a signal transmission area and an ink layer disposed on the glass substrate, the ink layer including a first ink portion disposed around the signal transmission area; A functional patch is disposed on the glass assembly. Along the thickness direction of the glass assembly, the functional patch can cover the signal transmission area. The functional patch includes an outer peripheral edge that protrudes from the signal transmission area and coincides with the first ink portion. The outer peripheral edge of the functional patch and the first ink portion have a preset overlap amount.

[0005] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preset overlap between the outer peripheral edge of the functional patch and the first ink portion is not less than A, and the formula for calculating A is: A=D·tan(arcsin[sin(90°-θ) / n]); In the formula, D is the total thickness of the window glass, mm; θ is the mounting angle, °; and n is the equivalent refractive index of the glass assembly.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the functional patch includes an adhesive layer, a support layer and a functional layer stacked together.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the functional layer is disposed on at least one side of the support layer, and the support layer is connected to the glass assembly through the adhesive layer.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the functional layer includes one of an anti-reflective layer, a transparent conductive film, a hydrophobic layer, an anti-fingerprint layer, a color layer, or an anti-fog layer.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the functional layer includes an anti-reflective layer, and the equivalent refractive index of the window glass for light with a wavelength range of 800nm-1600nm is less than 1.5.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the support layer is a glass layer or a plastic layer, and the thickness of the support layer does not exceed 1 mm.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the adhesive layer is 150μm-300μm.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the ink layer does not exceed 40 nm.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the ink layer is 15nm-20nm.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adhesive layer is a solid optical adhesive layer or a liquid optical adhesive layer.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the glass substrate is a monolithic glass, and the functional patch and the ink layer are disposed on the inner surface of the monolithic glass.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the glass substrate is a laminated glass, the glass substrate includes an outer glass layer, an intermediate layer and an inner glass layer stacked together, the outer glass layer and the inner glass layer are connected through the intermediate layer, the outer glass layer includes a first surface facing away from the intermediate layer and a second surface facing the intermediate layer, the inner glass layer includes a third surface facing the intermediate layer and a fourth surface facing away from the intermediate layer, the ink layer is disposed on at least one of the second surface, the third surface and the fourth surface, and the functional patch is disposed on the fourth surface.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the glass substrate is ultra-white glass, and the absorption coefficient of the glass substrate for light with a wavelength range of 800nm-1600nm is 5 μm. - ¹ to 50 m - ¹; and / or, the transmittance of the glass substrate for light in the wavelength range of 800nm-1600nm is not less than 90%.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer glass and / or the inner glass are float glass or PC glass.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the glass assembly further includes a heat insulation layer disposed on the second surface or the third surface, the heat insulation layer being disposed away from the signal transmission area; and / or, the heat insulation layer being disposed on the intermediate layer.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat insulation layer comprises at least one silver-based coating layer; or, the heat insulation layer comprises a heat insulation film.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the optical distortion of the signal transmission area in the vehicle window glass is less than 100 mdpt.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the transmittance of the signal transmission region for light with a wavelength range of 800nm-1600nm is not less than 80%; and / or, the transmittance of the visible light in the signal transmission region is not less than 70%.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the vehicle window glass is one of the following: windshield, rear window, side window, corner window, or sunroof.

[0024] The present invention also provides a vehicle including the aforementioned window glass.

[0025] The present invention also provides a method for assembling vehicle window glass, for realizing the aforementioned assembly of vehicle window glass, the method comprising the following steps: By comparing the images of the outer periphery of the functional patch with the first ink portion of the ink layer in real time using an optical positioning device, the patch position of the functional patch is calculated and controlled so that the outer periphery of the functional patch and the first ink portion have a preset overlap amount.

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention has the following significant beneficial effects: The vehicle window glass of this invention effectively suppresses the bright edge band caused by refraction and displacement of the light beam at the interface between the glass substrate and the functional patch by setting a first ink portion around the signal transmission area on the glass substrate and maintaining a preset overlap between the outer peripheral edge of the functional patch and the first ink portion. This eliminates the bright band area caused by optical distortion and hides the outer peripheral edge of the functional patch, improving aesthetics. Furthermore, by controlling the preset overlap between the outer peripheral edge of the functional patch and the first ink portion, it is also possible to prevent the outer peripheral edge of the functional patch from intruding into the main viewing area, thus improving safety. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] The accompanying drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way. Furthermore, the shapes and proportions of the components in the drawings are merely illustrative to aid in understanding the invention and do not specifically limit the shapes and proportions of the components. Those skilled in the art, guided by the teachings of this invention, can select various possible shapes and proportions to implement the invention according to specific circumstances.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a side view structural diagram of one embodiment of the vehicle window glass described in this invention; Figure 2 This is a side view structural diagram of another embodiment of the vehicle window glass described in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic front view of one embodiment of the ink layer described in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the calculation of the preset overlap amount described in this invention.

[0030] The reference numerals in the above figures are as follows: 10. Signal transmission area; 100. Glass assembly; 110. Glass substrate; 111. Outer glass layer; 1111. First surface; 1112. Second surface; 112. Intermediate layer; 113. Inner glass layer; 1131. Third surface; 1132. Fourth surface; 114. Thermal insulation layer; 120. Ink layer; 121. First ink section; 122. Second ink section; 200, Functional patch; 210, Adhesive layer; 220, Support layer; 230, Functional layer. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Implementation Method 1

[0033] Please refer to the following: Figures 1 to 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle window glass, which includes a glass assembly 100 and a functional patch 200. The glass assembly 100 includes a glass substrate 110 having a signal transmission area 10 and an ink layer 120 disposed on the glass substrate 110. The ink layer 120 includes a first ink portion 121 disposed around the signal transmission area 10. The functional patch 200 is disposed on the glass assembly 100. Along the thickness direction of the glass assembly 100, the functional patch 200 can cover the signal transmission area 10. The functional patch 200 includes an outer peripheral edge that protrudes from the signal transmission area 10 and overlaps with the first ink portion 121. The outer peripheral edge of the functional patch 200 and the first ink portion 121 have a predetermined overlap amount.

[0034] Overall, this car window glass effectively suppresses the bright edge band caused by refraction shift of the light beam at the interface between the glass substrate 110 and the functional patch 200 by setting a first ink portion 121 around the signal transmission area 10 on the glass substrate 110 and maintaining a preset overlap between the outer peripheral edge of the functional patch 200 and the first ink portion 121. This eliminates the bright band area caused by optical distortion and hides the outer peripheral edge of the functional patch 200, improving aesthetics. Furthermore, by controlling the preset overlap between the outer peripheral edge of the functional patch 200 and the first ink portion 121, it also prevents the outer peripheral edge of the functional patch 200 from intruding into the main viewing area, improving safety.

[0035] In embodiments of the present invention, the designer may adjust the specific arrangement of the first ink section 121 according to usage needs, and no specific limitations are imposed here. In one feasible embodiment, the first ink section 121 is completely arranged around the signal transmission area 10, that is, the first ink section 121 is arranged around the entire periphery of the signal transmission area 10. In another feasible embodiment, the first ink section 121 is partially arranged around the signal transmission area 10. That is, the first ink section 121 is not arranged on the outer periphery of a portion of the signal transmission area 10, for example, at the bottom.

[0036] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 4 In the embodiment shown, the preset overlap between the outer peripheral edge of the functional patch 200 and the first ink portion 121 is not less than A, and the formula for calculating A is: A=D·tan(arcsin[sin(90°-θ) / n]); In the formula, D is the total thickness of the window glass, mm; θ is the mounting angle, °; and n is the equivalent refractive index of the glass assembly 100.

[0037] In one feasible embodiment, the preset overlap between the outer peripheral edge of the functional patch 200 and the first ink portion 121 is A.

[0038] In another feasible embodiment, the preset overlap between the outer peripheral edge of the functional patch 200 and the first ink portion 121 is greater than A.

[0039] Specifically, the functional patch 200 needs to avoid encroaching on the main viewing area of ​​the glass assembly 100. Based on this, the maximum overlap between the functional patch 200 and the first ink section 121 can be the minimum width dimension of the first ink section 121, that is, the preset overlap A does not exceed the minimum width dimension of the first ink section 121. When the overlap between the functional patch 200 and the first ink section 121 is greater than A and does not exceed the minimum width dimension of the first ink section 121, the optimal overlap is achieved.

[0040] By utilizing the above formula, a calculable and verifiable mathematical model is provided for the preset overlap between the outer peripheral edge of the functional patch 200 and the first ink section 121, thereby enabling the precise elimination of edge optical distortion bright bands caused by light refraction shift at the design source, achieving the optimal balance between masking effect and material consumption.

[0041] At the vehicle mounting angle θ, by combining the total glass thickness and equivalent refractive index, the preset overlap amount can be precisely controlled to be no less than A, and the optimal overlap amount between the outer peripheral edge of the functional patch 200 and the first ink section 121 is determined, which ensures that there is no distorted bright band area and prevents excessive overlap waste and field of view invasion.

[0042] Where n is the equivalent refractive index of glass component 100 in the 800nm-1600nm wavelength range. Specifically, n is the equivalent refractive index of glass component 100 in the 905nm wavelength range.

[0043] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, the ink layer 120 further includes a second ink portion 122 disposed around the edge of the glass substrate 110. The first ink portion 121 is located within the area enclosed by the second ink portion 122.

[0044] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the embodiment shown, the functional patch 200 includes an adhesive layer 210, a support layer 220, and a functional layer 230 stacked together.

[0045] The adhesive layer 210 securely fixes the functional patch 200, ensuring its long-term stable operation under automotive conditions. The support layer 220 provides a mounting base for the functional layer 230, preventing warping and deformation. The functional layer 230 imparts its corresponding functions to the functional patch 200.

[0046] In embodiments of the present invention, designers may adjust the specific type of functional layer 230 according to usage needs, and no specific limitations are imposed here. For example, functional layer 230 may include one of an anti-reflective layer, a transparent conductive film, a hydrophobic layer, an anti-fingerprint layer, a color layer, or an anti-fog layer.

[0047] By setting a functional layer 230 in the support layer 220, the functional layer 230 can flexibly integrate functions such as anti-reflective coating, defogging and de-icing, water-repellent self-cleaning, anti-fingerprint or privacy dimming according to specific needs, thereby better meeting the needs of vehicle window glass in terms of sensing, comfort, safety and aesthetics without changing the overall architecture.

[0048] In one specific embodiment, the functional layer 230 includes an anti-reflection layer. The anti-reflection layer can effectively reduce interface reflection loss, thereby increasing the signal transmittance to over 85%, which helps to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio, maximum detection range, and point cloud density of LiDAR.

[0049] Furthermore, the functional layer 230 includes an anti-reflective layer, and the equivalent refractive index of the window glass for light with a wavelength range of 800nm-1600nm is less than 1.5. Preferably, the equivalent refractive index of the window glass for light with a wavelength range of 800nm-1600nm does not exceed 1.4.

[0050] By adding an anti-reflective layer, the equivalent refractive index of the car window glass for light with wavelengths in the range of 800nm-1600nm is reduced to below 1.4, which reduces interface reflection and helps to improve signal transmittance and signal-to-noise ratio.

[0051] Specifically, the equivalent refractive index of car window glass for light with a wavelength range of 800nm-1600nm can be 1.4, 1.39, 1.38, 1.37, 1.36, 1.35, 1.33, 1.32, etc.

[0052] In embodiments of the present invention, designers may adjust the specific structure of the antireflection layer according to usage needs, and no specific limitations are imposed here. Preferably, the antireflection layer consists of alternating high-refractive-index layers and low-refractive-index layers. More preferably, the refractive index of the high-refractive-index layer is 1.9-3.5; the refractive index of the low-refractive-index layer is 1.4-1.9; and the difference between the refractive indices of adjacent high-refractive-index layers and low-refractive-index layers is greater than or equal to 0.3.

[0053] The high refractive index layer is made of one or more of the following materials: Si, NbOx, SiNx, ZrOx, TiOx, TiNx, MoOx, TaOx, and HfOx; and / or the low refractive index layer is made of one or more of the following materials: SiOx, MgFx, AlOx, WOx, YFx, and BaFx.

[0054] Furthermore, designers can adjust the thickness of the antireflection layer according to application needs, without specific limitations. Preferably, the thickness of the antireflection layer is 100nm-3000nm. For example, the thickness of the antireflection layer can be 100nm, 500nm, 700nm, 900nm, 1000nm, 1200nm, 1400nm, 1600nm, 1800nm, 2000nm, 2400nm, 2800nm, 3000nm, or other values.

[0055] In embodiments of the present invention, designers may adjust the specific structure of the support layer 220 according to usage needs, and no specific limitations are imposed here. Preferably, the support layer 220 is a glass layer or a plastic layer, and the thickness of the support layer 220 does not exceed 1 mm. More preferably, the thickness of the support layer 220 does not exceed 0.5 mm. For example, the thickness of the support layer 220 can be set to 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.33 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, 1 mm, or other values.

[0056] By controlling the thickness of the support layer 220 to no more than 1 mm, the support layer 220 forms an ultra-thin structure. The ultra-thin support layer 220 minimizes the additional thickness and weight while ensuring the overall structural rigidity and flatness of the functional patch 200, thereby reducing interference with the optical path and original mechanical properties of the glass assembly 100 and improving the bonding ability.

[0057] In one feasible embodiment, the support layer 220 is a glass layer. Preferably, the thickness of the glass layer does not exceed 1 mm, thus forming an ultra-thin glass layer.

[0058] In another feasible embodiment, the support layer 220 is a plastic layer. Preferably, the thickness of the plastic layer does not exceed 1 mm, constituting an ultra-thin plastic layer.

[0059] In embodiments of the present invention, the designer may adjust the specific material of the adhesive layer 210 according to the needs of use, and no specific limitations are imposed here. In one specific embodiment, the adhesive layer 210 is a solid optical adhesive layer. In another specific embodiment, the adhesive layer 210 is a liquid optical adhesive layer.

[0060] The adhesive layer 210 achieves a strong, bubble-free, and stress-controlled optical-grade bond between the functional patch 200 and the glass substrate 110, ensuring efficient light transmission and reliable bonding.

[0061] Furthermore, designers can adjust the thickness of the adhesive layer 210 according to usage requirements, without specific limitations. Preferably, the thickness of the adhesive layer is 150μm-300μm. For example, the thickness of the adhesive layer can be 150μm, 170μm, 190μm, 200μm, 220μm, 250μm, 270μm, 300μm, or other values.

[0062] In embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the ink layer 120 can be adjusted by the designer according to the needs of use, and no specific limitation is made here. Preferably, the thickness of the ink layer 120 does not exceed 40 μm. More preferably, the thickness of the ink layer 120 is 15 μm-20 μm. For example, the thickness of the ink layer 120 can be 10 μm, 15 μm, 20 μm, 30 μm, 35 μm, 40 μm or other values.

[0063] By controlling the thickness of the ink layer 120, the ink layer 120 can be firmly attached to the glass substrate 110, and diffusion, accumulation or deformation that may occur due to excessive thickness of the ink layer 120 can be avoided, thereby ensuring the dimensional accuracy and aesthetics of the shielded area.

[0064] In one feasible embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, the glass substrate 110 is a single piece of glass, and the functional patch 200 and the ink layer 120 are both disposed on the inner surface of the single piece of glass.

[0065] By integrating both the ink layer 120 and the functional patch 200 onto the inner surface of a single piece of glass, the overall structure and production process are simplified, manufacturing costs are reduced, and the physical protective environment of the inner side is effectively utilized, significantly improving the long-term weather resistance and reliability of the combination of the ink layer 120 and the functional patch 200.

[0066] In another feasible embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 2 In the embodiment shown, the glass substrate 110 is a laminated glass. The glass substrate 110 includes an outer glass layer 111, an intermediate layer 112, and an inner glass layer 113 stacked together. The outer glass layer 111 and the inner glass layer 113 are connected through the intermediate layer 112. The outer glass layer 111 includes a first surface 1111 facing away from the intermediate layer 112 and a second surface 1112 facing the intermediate layer 112. The inner glass layer 113 includes a third surface 1131 facing the intermediate layer 112 and a fourth surface 1132 facing away from the intermediate layer 112. An ink layer 120 is disposed on at least one of the second surface 1112, the third surface 1131, and the fourth surface 1132. A functional patch 200 is disposed on the fourth surface 1132.

[0067] In one specific embodiment, the ink layer 120 is disposed on one of the second surface 1112 and the third surface 1131, and the functional patch 200 is disposed on the fourth surface 1132.

[0068] By placing the ink layer 120 on the second or third surface 1131, the ink layer 120 is physically protected by the outer glass 111 or the inner glass 113, thereby improving the durability and scratch resistance of the ink. At the same time, by placing the functional patch 200 on the innermost fourth surface 1132, the functional patch 200 is placed in a protected vehicle interior environment to ensure its long-term reliability.

[0069] In another specific embodiment, the ink layer 120 is disposed on the fourth surface 1132, and the functional patch 200 is stacked on the ink layer 120.

[0070] By concentrating the ink layer 120 and the functional patch 200 on the innermost fourth surface 1132, the functional patch 200 and the ink layer 120 are placed in a protected in-vehicle environment to ensure their long-term reliability.

[0071] In an embodiment of the present invention, the glass substrate 110 is ultra-white glass, and the absorption coefficient of the glass substrate 110 for light with a wavelength range of 800nm-1600nm is 5 μm. - ¹ to 50 m - ¹.

[0072] By employing an absorption coefficient of 5 m in the 800nm-1600nm wavelength band... - ¹ to 50 m - Using ultra-white glass¹ as a substrate significantly reduces signal absorption loss, laying the foundation for achieving high signal transmittance.

[0073] Designers can adjust the specific value of the absorption coefficient according to the application requirements, and no specific restrictions are imposed here. For example, the absorption coefficient of the glass substrate 110 for light with a wavelength range of 800nm-1600nm is 5 μm. - ¹、10 m - ¹、20 m - ¹、30 m - ¹、40 m - ¹、50m - ¹ or other values.

[0074] In an embodiment of the present invention, the transmittance of the glass substrate 110 for light with a wavelength range of 800nm-1600nm is not less than 90%. By ensuring that the transmittance of the glass substrate 110 for light with a wavelength range of 800nm-1600nm is not less than 90%, a foundation is laid for achieving excellent optical performance of the entire vehicle window glass assembly, which helps to improve the signal-to-noise ratio and effective detection distance.

[0075] In embodiments of the present invention, designers can adjust the optical distortion of the signal transmission area 10 according to usage requirements, without specific limitations. Preferably, the optical distortion of the signal transmission area 10 is less than 100 mdpt. For example, the optical distortion of the signal transmission area 10 can be less than 90 mdpt, 80 mdpt, 70 mdpt, 60 mdpt, 50 mdpt, or other values. By controlling the optical distortion of the signal transmission area 10, signal distortion is reduced, which helps to improve the measurement accuracy of the sensor.

[0076] In embodiments of the present invention, designers may adjust the specific materials of the outer glass 111 and the inner glass 113 according to usage needs, without making specific limitations.

[0077] Preferably, the outer glass layer 111 and / or the inner glass layer 113 are float glass or PC glass. More preferably, the outer glass layer 111 and the inner glass layer 113 are made of the same material.

[0078] In one embodiment, both the outer glass layer 111 and the inner glass layer 113 are float glass. In another embodiment, both the outer glass layer 111 and the inner glass layer 113 are PC glass. By making the outer glass layer 111 and the inner glass layer 113 the same material, good optical consistency is ensured.

[0079] In embodiments of the present invention, designers may adjust the specific material of the intermediate layer 112 according to usage requirements, and no specific limitations are imposed here. Preferably, the material of the intermediate layer 112 is PVB or EVA.

[0080] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2In the embodiment shown, the glass assembly 100 further includes a heat insulation layer 114, which is disposed on the second surface 1112 or the third surface 1131, avoiding the signal transmission area 10, and / or the heat insulation layer 114 is disposed in the intermediate layer 112.

[0081] In one feasible embodiment, the heat insulation layer 114 is disposed on the second surface 1112, avoiding the signal transmission area 10.

[0082] In another feasible embodiment, the heat insulation layer 114 is disposed on the third surface 1131, avoiding the signal transmission area 10.

[0083] In another feasible embodiment, the heat insulation layer 114 is disposed on the intermediate layer 112.

[0084] The heat insulation layer 114 provides thermal insulation, and precisely aligned windows are provided on it to reserve a dedicated channel free from thermal and optical interference for signals from sensors such as LiDAR without compromising thermal insulation performance. Furthermore, by isolating the heat insulation layer 114 from the ink layer 120, mutual interference between the two layers during lamination is avoided, thus improving structural stability.

[0085] Designers can adjust the specific materials and structure of the insulation layer 114 according to usage requirements, and no specific limitations are imposed here. In one feasible embodiment, the insulation layer 114 includes at least one silver-based coating layer. The silver-based coating layer has good infrared reflectivity, thereby ensuring the insulation effect.

[0086] Specifically, the silver-based coating layer can be one or more layers, such as single silver, double silver, triple silver, quadruple silver, or other quantities. The more silver-based coating layers there are, the better the heat insulation effect.

[0087] In another feasible embodiment, the heat insulation layer 114 includes a heat insulation film. Specifically, the heat insulation film is a PET film with a heat insulation coating or a metal reflective layer.

[0088] By using PET film with heat-insulating coating or metal reflective layer as heat insulation layer 114, it not only has excellent infrared reflection and heat insulation performance, but also facilitates precision cutting and improves manufacturing efficiency.

[0089] In an embodiment of the present invention, the visible light transmittance of the signal transmission area 10 is not less than 70%. By ensuring that the visible light transmittance of the signal transmission area 10 is not less than 70%, a high-quality optical channel is provided, which helps to improve the recognition accuracy of the sensor.

[0090] Designers can adjust the visible light transmittance of the signal transmission area 10 according to usage requirements, without specific limitations. Preferably, the visible light transmittance of the signal transmission area 10 is not less than 80%. More preferably, the visible light transmittance of the signal transmission area 10 is not less than 85%. Even more preferably, the visible light transmittance of the signal transmission area 10 is not less than 90%.

[0091] In an embodiment of the present invention, the transmittance of the signal transmission region 10 for light with a wavelength range of 800nm-1600nm is not less than 80%. For example, the transmittance of the signal transmission region 10 for light with a wavelength of 905nm or 1550nm is not less than 80%. Among them, the light with a wavelength of 905nm or 1550nm is the main operating wavelength of the LiDAR sensor.

[0092] Preferably, the transmittance of the signal transmission region 10 for light with a wavelength range of 800nm-1600nm is not less than 84%. More preferably, the transmittance of the signal transmission region 10 for light with a wavelength range of 800nm-1600nm is not less than 86%. Even more preferably, the transmittance of the signal transmission region 10 for light with a wavelength range of 800nm-1600nm is not less than 88%. Even more preferably, the transmittance of the signal transmission region 10 for light with a wavelength range of 800nm-1600nm is not less than 90%.

[0093] In embodiments of the present invention, designers may adjust the specific type of vehicle window glass according to usage needs, and no specific limitations are imposed here. Preferably, the vehicle window glass is one of the following: windshield, rear window, side window, corner window, or sunroof.

[0094] In an embodiment of the present invention, the following experiments were conducted on the vehicle window glass to verify its properties: Optical distortion testing was performed using an ISRA LABSCAN-Screen 2D optical scanner with filter parameters of 4 / 5 / 6.0 30 / 9 / 9 / R. The optical distortion value was selected from the distortion of the entire signal transmission area (10), specifically the larger of the absolute values ​​of the maximum and minimum values. Since the bonding accuracy is ±0.1mm, an overlap of 2.0mm may result in an actual overlap of 1.9mm-2.1mm.

[0095] In the first embodiment, the glass substrate 110 includes an outer glass layer 111, an intermediate layer 112, and an inner glass layer 113 stacked together. Specifically, the outer glass layer 111, the intermediate layer 112, and the inner glass layer 113 are respectively made of 2.1mm ultra-clear glass, 0.76 PVB, and 2.1mm ultra-clear glass. Furthermore, a heat insulation layer 114 is provided on the glass substrate 110. The heat insulation layer 114 is a double silver coating layer, located on the second surface 1112, and the ink layer 120 is located on the third surface 1131. The adhesive layer 210 is SCA optical adhesive with a thickness of 0.3mm. The ultra-thin glass layer is a 0.33mm thick thin electronic-grade glass. The functional layer 230 is an anti-reflective coating layer, the thickness of which is negligible in the calculation. The mounting angle is 30°. Due to the addition of the anti-reflective coating layer, the equivalent refractive index of the window glass in this embodiment is approximately 1.33. The optimal overlap is calculated based on A = D·tan(arcsin[sin(90°-θ) / n]). Specifically: A = 5.59·tan(arcsin[sin(60°) / 1.33]) = 4.80 mm.

[0096] Furthermore, five comparative experimental groups were set up, with overlap amounts set as follows: non-overlap, 2.0 mm, 4.6 mm, 5.0 mm, and 7 mm, respectively. The optical distortion (mdpt) in the signal transmission region 10 was measured, and the specific data are shown in Table 1.

[0097] Table 1

[0098] As shown above, when the functional patch 200 and the ink layer 120 are completely misaligned, the optical distortion in the signal transmission area 10 reaches as high as mdpt. With the increase of the preset overlap, the optical distortion significantly decreases; for example, it drops to 277 mdpt when the overlap is 2.0 mm, and further improves to 107 mdpt when the overlap reaches 4.6 mm. At overlaps of 5.0 mm and 7.0 mm, the optical distortion remains consistently at the lowest level of 74 mdpt and does not decrease further with increasing overlap, thus losing its improving effect. The theoretically calculated optimal overlap is 4.80 mm, which closely matches the measured data, effectively reducing or eliminating the bright band area of ​​optical distortion and hiding the patch edge to avoid intrusion into the main viewing area, thus achieving the goal of controlling the optimal overlap.

[0099] In the second embodiment, the glass substrate 110 is a single piece of glass, and the glass substrate 110 is 3.2mm ultra-clear glass. The ink layer 120 is located on the second side. The adhesive layer 210 is SCA optical adhesive with a thickness of 0.3mm film surface. The ultra-thin glass layer is 0.33mm thick thin electronic-grade glass. The functional layer 230 is an anti-reflection coating layer, and its thickness is negligible in the calculation. The mounting angle is 85°. Due to the addition of the anti-reflection coating layer, the equivalent refractive index of the window glass in this embodiment is 1.32. Based on A=D·tan(arcsin[sin(90°-θ) / n]), the optimal overlap is calculated. Specifically: A=3.83·tan(arcsin[sin(5°) / 1.32])=0.25mm.

[0100] Furthermore, four comparative experimental groups were set up, with overlap amounts set as follows: non-overlap, 0.1 mm, 0.5 mm, and 2.0 mm, respectively. The optical distortion (mdpt) in the signal transmission region 10 was measured, and the specific data are shown in Table 2.

[0101] Table 2

[0102] As shown above, when the functional patch 200 and the ink layer 120 are completely misaligned, the optical distortion in the signal transmission area 10 is 236 mdpt. Once a tiny overlap of 0.1 mm is applied, the optical distortion drops significantly to 125 mdpt. When the overlap increases to 0.5 mm, the optical distortion drops to 69 mdpt; further increasing it to 2.0 mm stabilizes the distortion at 68 mdpt, indicating that performance has reached saturation. Beyond 0.5 mm, further increases lose their improving effect. The theoretically calculated optimal overlap is 0.25 mm, which closely matches the trend of the measured data. This effectively reduces or eliminates the bright band area of ​​optical distortion and hides the patch edge to prevent intrusion into the main viewing area, thus achieving the goal of controlling the optimal overlap.

[0103] Implementation Method 2

[0104] An embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle including a window glass as described in Embodiment 1. The specific structure and beneficial effects of the window glass are the same as those described in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0105] Implementation Method 3

[0106] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for assembling a vehicle window glass, used to assemble the vehicle window glass as described in Embodiment 1. The method for assembling the vehicle window glass includes the following steps: By comparing the images of the outer peripheral edge of the functional patch 200 and the first ink portion of the ink layer 120 in real time using an optical positioning device, the patch position of the functional patch 200 is calculated and controlled so that there is a preset overlap between the outer peripheral edge of the functional patch 200 and the first ink portion 121.

[0107] By utilizing optical positioning equipment, real-time alignment and control can be achieved, fundamentally eliminating functional area misalignment, light leakage, or appearance defects caused by manual bonding or traditional tooling errors. This improves the assembly accuracy between the functional patch 200 and the ink layer 120 in the car window glass, significantly improving product quality.

[0108] All articles and references disclosed herein, including patent applications and publications, are incorporated herein by reference for various purposes. The term “substantially constitutes…” used to describe a combination should include the identified element, component, part, or step, as well as other elements, components, parts, or steps that do not substantially affect the essential novelty of the combination. The use of the terms “comprising” or “including” to describe combinations of elements, components, parts, or steps herein also contemplates embodiments substantially constituted by such elements, components, parts, or steps. The use of the term “may” herein is intended to indicate that any described attribute “may” include is optional. Multiple elements, components, parts, or steps can be provided by a single integrated element, component, part, or step. Alternatively, a single integrated element, component, part, or step can be divided into multiple separate elements, components, parts, or steps. The disclosure of “a” or “an” used to describe an element, component, part, or step does not imply exclusion of other elements, components, parts, or steps.

[0109] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A type of vehicle window glass, characterized in that, include: A glass assembly, the glass assembly including a glass substrate having a signal transmission area and an ink layer disposed on the glass substrate, the ink layer including a first ink portion disposed around the signal transmission area; A functional patch is disposed on the glass assembly. Along the thickness direction of the glass assembly, the functional patch can cover the signal transmission area. The functional patch includes an outer peripheral edge that protrudes from the signal transmission area and coincides with the first ink portion. The outer peripheral edge of the functional patch and the first ink portion have a preset overlap amount.

2. The vehicle window glass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The preset overlap between the outer peripheral edge of the functional patch and the first ink portion is not less than A, and the formula for calculating A is: A=D·tan(arcsin[sin(90°-θ) / n]); In the formula, D is the total thickness of the window glass, mm; θ is the mounting angle, °; and n is the equivalent refractive index of the glass assembly.

3. The vehicle window glass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The functional patch includes an adhesive layer, a support layer, and a functional layer stacked together. The functional layer is disposed on at least one side of the support layer, and the support layer is connected to the glass assembly through the adhesive layer.

4. The vehicle window glass as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The functional layer includes an anti-reflective layer, and the equivalent refractive index of the window glass for light with a wavelength range of 800nm-1600nm is less than 1.

5.

5. The vehicle window glass as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The support layer is a glass layer or a plastic layer. And / or, the thickness of the support layer does not exceed 1 mm; And / or, the thickness of the adhesive layer is 150μm-300μm; And / or, the thickness of the ink layer does not exceed 40 μm.

6. The vehicle window glass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The glass substrate is ultra-white glass, and the absorption coefficient of the glass substrate for light in the wavelength range of 800nm-1600nm is 5 μm. - ¹ to 50 m - ¹; And / or, the transmittance of the glass substrate for light in the wavelength range of 800nm-1600nm is not less than 90%.

7. The vehicle window glass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The optical distortion of the signal transmission area in the vehicle window glass is less than 100 mdpt.

8. The vehicle window glass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The transmittance of the signal transmission area for light with a wavelength range of 800nm-1600nm is not less than 80%. And / or, the visible light transmittance of the signal transmission area is not less than 70%.

9. The vehicle window glass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The glass substrate is a single piece of glass, and the functional patch and the ink layer are both disposed on the inner surface of the single piece of glass; or, The glass substrate is laminated glass, which includes an outer glass layer, an intermediate layer, and an inner glass layer stacked together. The outer glass layer and the inner glass layer are connected through the intermediate layer. The outer glass layer includes a first surface facing away from the intermediate layer and a second surface facing the intermediate layer. The inner glass layer includes a third surface facing the intermediate layer and a fourth surface facing away from the intermediate layer. The ink layer is disposed on at least one of the second surface, the third surface, and the fourth surface. The functional patch is disposed on the fourth surface.

10. The vehicle window glass as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The glass assembly further includes a heat insulation layer disposed on the second surface or the third surface, avoiding the signal transmission area; and / or, the heat insulation layer is disposed on the intermediate layer.

11. A vehicle, characterized in that, Including the vehicle window glass as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

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