An enable circuit and vehicle

Abstract

The application provides an enabling circuit and a vehicle, applied to the technical field of vehicles, and relates to the technical field of vehicles.The enabling circuit comprises a detection module, a wake-up module and a controller, the detection module is connected with a power-on signal terminal of the vehicle and the controller respectively, the controller is connected with the wake-up module, and the wake-up module is connected with the power-on signal terminal and a voltage stabilizer respectively.The detection module outputs a trigger signal to the controller in the case that no power-on signal is detected on the power-on signal terminal; the controller outputs a holding signal of a target time length to the wake-up module in the case that the trigger signal is received and it is determined that the transfer case is in a gear shifting state; and the wake-up module outputs an enabling signal to the voltage stabilizer in the case that the power-on signal is detected on the power-on signal terminal or the holding signal is received, so that the voltage stabilizer supplies power to the driving circuit.The enabling module provided by the application can reduce the case that the vehicle malfunctions due to the transfer case being in an intermediate state, and thus the reliability of the vehicle can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle technology, and more specifically, to an enabling circuit and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Four-wheel drive or all-wheel drive vehicles are equipped with a transfer case, which distributes power to the front and rear drive axles. The vehicle also includes a motor (hereinafter referred to as the transfer case motor) to drive the transfer case motor, a drive circuit to drive the transfer case motor, and a voltage regulator to power the drive circuit. The voltage regulator is enabled by a power-on signal terminal in the vehicle. When the power-on signal terminal is energized, the voltage regulator is enabled to supply power to the drive circuit. When the power-on signal terminal is de-energized, the voltage regulator stops operating, and the drive circuit and transfer case motor simultaneously stop operating, thus stopping the transfer case.

[0003] In practical applications, when the transfer case is in shifting mode, the power-on signal terminal may be abnormally de-energized, causing the drive motor and transfer case motor to stop running before the transfer case completes the shift. This results in the transfer case getting stuck in the middle state, unable to distribute power to the front and rear drive axles, leading to a vehicle malfunction report. This situation will significantly reduce the reliability of the vehicle. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an enabling circuit and a vehicle, which can improve the reliability of the vehicle.

[0005] In a first aspect, an enabling circuit is provided for use in a vehicle with a transfer case, the vehicle further including a transfer case motor, a drive circuit for the transfer case motor, and a voltage regulator for supplying power to the drive circuit; the enabling circuit includes a detection module, a wake-up module, and a controller; The detection module is connected to the power-on signal terminal of the vehicle and to the controller, and is used to output a trigger signal to the controller when no power-on signal is detected at the power-on signal terminal; The controller is connected to the wake-up module and is used to output a hold signal of a target duration to the wake-up module when it receives the trigger signal and determines that the transfer case is in the shifting state. The target duration is not less than the time required for the transfer case to switch from the shifting state to the non-shifting state. The wake-up module is connected to the power-on signal terminal and the voltage regulator respectively, and is used to output an enable signal to the voltage regulator when the power-on signal is detected at the power-on signal terminal or the hold signal is received, so that the voltage regulator supplies power to the drive circuit.

[0006] In this embodiment, an enabling circuit and a vehicle are provided, applicable to the field of vehicle technology. The enabling circuit includes a detection module, a wake-up module, and a controller. The detection module is connected to the vehicle's power-on signal terminal and the controller, respectively. The controller is connected to the wake-up module, which is connected to both the power-on signal terminal and a voltage regulator. When the detection module detects no power-on signal at the power-on signal terminal, it outputs a trigger signal to the controller. When the controller receives the trigger signal and determines that the transfer case is in a shifting state, it outputs a hold signal for a target duration to the wake-up module. When the wake-up module detects a power-on signal at the power-on signal terminal or receives a hold signal, it outputs an enable signal to the voltage regulator, enabling the voltage regulator to supply power to the drive circuit. The enabling module provided in this application can control the voltage regulator to extend the power supply to the drive circuit for a target duration when the power-on signal terminal experiences an abnormal power failure, allowing the drive circuit and transfer case motor to continue operating, thereby enabling the transfer case to continue shifting. This reduces the likelihood of vehicle malfunctions due to the transfer case being in an intermediate state, thus improving vehicle reliability.

[0007] Optionally, the wake-up module includes a filtering submodule and an analog submodule; the analog submodule is connected to the controller and the filtering submodule, and is used to output an analog power-on signal to the filtering submodule when the hold signal is received; the filtering submodule is connected to the power-on signal terminal, and is used to filter the power-on signal when the power-on signal is detected at the power-on signal terminal to obtain and output the enable signal to the regulator, or to filter the analog power-on signal when the analog power-on signal is received to obtain and output the enable signal to the regulator.

[0008] Optionally, the filtering submodule includes an OR gate chip and a filtering circuit; the first input terminal of the OR gate chip is connected to the power-on signal terminal, the second input terminal of the OR gate chip is connected to the analog submodule, and the output terminal of the OR gate chip is connected to the input terminal of the filtering circuit. The OR gate chip is used to input the input power-on signal or the analog power-on signal into the filtering circuit; the output terminal of the filtering circuit is connected to the voltage regulator and is used to filter the input power-on signal or the analog power-on signal to obtain and output the enable signal to the voltage regulator.

[0009] In this embodiment, the filtering submodule consists of an OR gate chip and a filtering circuit. The OR gate chip can receive a power-on signal or an analog power-on signal, and the filtering circuit can filter the power-on signal or the analog power-on signal to obtain an enable signal. The circuit structure of the filtering submodule is simple and easy to implement.

[0010] Optionally, the filtering submodule further includes a transient voltage suppression diode, one end of which is connected to the first input terminal and the other end is grounded.

[0011] Optionally, the filtering submodule further includes a first filtering capacitor, one end of which is connected to the first input terminal and the other end is grounded.

[0012] Optionally, the analog submodule includes a power switch; a first connection terminal of the power switch is connected to the battery in the vehicle, and a second connection terminal of the power switch is connected to the filter submodule; the control terminal of the power switch is connected to the controller, and the power switch is turned on upon receiving the hold signal to output the analog power-on signal to the filter submodule based on the voltage of the battery.

[0013] In this embodiment, the analog submodule is implemented by a power switch, which has a simple circuit structure and low cost. This results in a simple circuit structure and low manufacturing cost for the analog submodule, thereby simplifying the circuit structure of the enable circuit and reducing its manufacturing cost.

[0014] Optionally, the power switch includes a pre-biased digital transistor, which includes an NPN transistor and a PNP transistor; the emitter of the NPN transistor is grounded, the base of the NPN transistor constitutes the control terminal, and the collector of the NPN transistor is connected to the base of the PNP transistor; the emitter of the PNP transistor constitutes the first connection terminal, and the collector of the PNP transistor constitutes the second connection terminal.

[0015] In this embodiment of the application, when the power switch is implemented by a pre-biased digital transistor, the circuit structure is simple, the cost is low, and the stability is high.

[0016] Optionally, the analog submodule further includes a first filter resistor and a second filter capacitor; one end of the first filter resistor is connected to the second connection terminal, and the other end is connected to the filter submodule; one end of the second filter capacitor is connected to the second connection terminal, and the other end is grounded.

[0017] Optionally, the detection module includes a first voltage divider resistor, a second voltage divider resistor, a second filter resistor, and a third filter capacitor; the first voltage divider resistor and the second voltage divider resistor are connected in series between the power-on signal terminal and the ground terminal; one end of the second filter resistor is connected to the connection node between the first voltage divider resistor and the second voltage divider resistor, and the other end is connected to the controller; one end of the third filter capacitor is connected to the controller, and the other end is grounded.

[0018] In this embodiment, the detection module consists of a first voltage divider resistor, a second voltage divider resistor, a second filter resistor, and a third filter capacitor. The circuit structure of the entire detection module is simple and the cost is low. This can simplify the circuit structure of the enable circuit and reduce the cost of the enable circuit.

[0019] In a second aspect, a vehicle is provided that includes the enabling circuit described in the first aspect above. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This application provides a schematic diagram illustrating the application principle of an enable circuit. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the circuit principle of a voltage regulator provided in this application is shown; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an enable circuit provided in this application is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions in this application will be clearly and thoroughly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or," for example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in the text is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" refers to two or more than two.

[0022] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0023] Four-wheel drive or all-wheel drive vehicles are equipped with a transfer case, which distributes the vehicle's power to the front and rear drive axles. The vehicle also includes a transfer case motor, a drive circuit for the transfer case motor, and a voltage regulator (specifically a low dropout regulator, LDO) to power the drive circuit.

[0024] The voltage regulator is enabled by the power-on signal terminal in the vehicle, also known as the ignition signal terminal, commonly referred to as the KL15 terminal. When the power-on signal terminal is energized (i.e., an ignition signal is received), the voltage regulator is enabled, supplying power to the drive circuit. When the power-on signal terminal is de-energized (i.e., no power-on signal is received), the voltage regulator stops operating, the drive circuit and the transfer case motor simultaneously stop operating, and the transfer case ceases operation.

[0025] In practical applications, the power-on signal terminal may abnormally de-energize when the transfer case is in shift mode. For example, when the transfer case is in shift mode, the user may manually power down the vehicle, causing the power-on signal terminal to de-energize. In this situation, the transfer case may get stuck in the intermediate state, preventing it from distributing power to the front and rear drive axles, resulting in a vehicle malfunction report.

[0026] The transfer case may have gears such as 2-wheels-high range (2H), 4-wheels-high range (4H), and 4-wheels-low range (4L). When the transfer case is switched to a certain gear, it is in a non-shifting state and can distribute power to the vehicle. When the transfer case is shifting, it is in an intermediate state, also known as a transition state, which refers to the state where the shift is not completed. At this time, the transfer case is not in any gear and cannot distribute power to the vehicle.

[0027] To prevent the transfer case from being in an intermediate state due to an abnormal power loss at the power-on signal terminal, this application provides an enabling circuit, which includes a detection module, a wake-up module, and a controller. The wake-up module enables the voltage regulator, and the detection module detects whether the power-on signal terminal is de-energized. When the detection module detects an abnormal power loss at the power-on signal terminal, it can output a trigger signal to the controller. Upon receiving the trigger signal, the controller, while determining that the transfer case is shifting, outputs a target duration hold signal to the wake-up module. This target duration hold signal causes the wake-up module to stop enabling the voltage regulator after a target duration delay.

[0028] The target duration is not less than the time required for the transfer case to switch from a shifting state to a non-shifting state; that is, not less than, greater than, or equal to. During this time delay, the voltage regulator can continue to supply power to the drive circuit, allowing the drive circuit and transfer case motor to continue operating, thus enabling the transfer case to continue operating and complete the shift. This reduces the number of times the transfer case is in an intermediate state, thereby improving vehicle reliability. The target duration can be set according to actual conditions, and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0029] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the application principle of an enable circuit provided in this application is shown. Figure 1As shown, this enabling circuit is applied to a vehicle with a transfer case and includes a wake-up module, a controller, and a detection module. The detection module is connected to the power-on signal terminal in the vehicle and to the controller. The detection module is used to detect whether the power-on signal terminal is de-energized. When a power-on signal is detected at the power-on signal terminal, it determines that the power-on signal terminal is energized; when no power-on signal is detected at the power-on signal terminal, it determines that the power-on signal terminal is de-energized. When the power-on signal terminal is de-energized, a trigger signal is output to the controller.

[0030] The controller is connected to the wake-up module. When the controller receives the trigger signal, it determines that the power-on signal terminal is powered off, and then determines whether the transfer case is in the shifting state. If it is determined that the transfer case is in the shifting state, it can output a hold signal of a target duration to the wake-up module. The hold signal is used to trigger the wake-up module to continue to enable the regulator. The enable duration is the target duration.

[0031] Specifically, the controller can determine whether the transfer case is in shifting mode using an encoder. More specifically, the transfer case motor is equipped with an encoder connected to the controller. The encoder detects the position of the transfer case motor shaft, which is the rotation angle of the shaft. The shaft has multiple preset positions, each corresponding to a different gear position of the transfer case. During vehicle operation, the controller can monitor the shaft position in real time using the encoder. When the shaft is detected to be in a preset position, the controller determines that the transfer case is in the gear corresponding to that preset position. When the shaft is detected to be in a position other than any of the preset positions, the controller determines that the transfer case is in shifting mode.

[0032] The wake-up module is connected to both the power-on signal terminal and the voltage regulator. When the wake-up module detects power on the power-on signal terminal, it outputs an enable signal to the voltage regulator, enabling the voltage regulator to supply power to the drive circuit. Simultaneously, upon receiving a hold signal for the target duration, the wake-up module outputs an enable signal for the target duration to the voltage regulator, allowing the voltage regulator to continue supplying power to the drive circuit for the target duration.

[0033] The drive circuit can consist of a driver chip and an H-bridge circuit. For example, the driver chip could be the BD16950EFV. The controller and driver chip can communicate via a Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI). The H-bridge circuit is connected to the transfer case motor. When the voltage regulator powers the drive circuit, and the transfer case needs to be switched to a specific gear, the controller outputs a control signal corresponding to that gear to the driver chip. Based on this control signal, the driver chip outputs a corresponding Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal to the H-bridge circuit. The PWM signal controls the H-bridge circuit, causing it to drive the transfer case motor shaft to rotate to the preset position corresponding to that gear, thus switching the transfer case to that gear.

[0034] See Figure 2 , Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the circuit principle of a voltage regulator provided in this application is shown. Figure 2 As shown, the voltage regulator mainly includes a filter circuit 11, a power supply chip 12, a multi-stage decoupling circuit 13, and a reverse connection protection diode 14. Specifically, the anode of the reverse connection protection diode 14 is connected to the positive voltage terminal of the vehicle's battery (represented by the symbol BAT in the figure), and the cathode is connected to the input terminal of the filter circuit 11. The output terminal of the filter circuit 11 is connected to the voltage input terminal of the power supply chip 12 (represented by the symbol VIN in the figure), the voltage output terminal of the power supply chip 12 (represented by the symbol VOUT in the figure) is connected to the input terminal of the multi-stage decoupling circuit 13, and the output terminal of the multi-stage decoupling circuit 13 is connected to the drive circuit.

[0035] More specifically, the filter circuit 11 filters the battery voltage and inputs the filtered voltage to the voltage input terminal of the power chip 12. When the power chip 12 receives an enable signal at its enable terminal (represented by the symbol EN in the figure), it can step down and regulate the voltage output by the filter circuit 11 to obtain a stable 5V supply voltage (represented by the symbol VCC_5V in the figure), providing a 5V supply voltage for the drive circuit. It can be understood that when the power chip 12 does not receive an enable signal at its enable terminal, it stops operating, i.e., it stops outputting the 5V supply voltage.

[0036] The reverse polarity protection diode 14 is used to prevent the filter circuit 11 and the power chip 12 from burning out when the positive and negative terminals of the battery are reversed. The filter circuit 11 can be composed of capacitors 111, 112, 113, 114, and 115. The first end of the inductor 113 (i.e., the left end in the figure) constitutes the input terminal of the filter circuit 11 and is connected to the cathode of the reverse polarity protection diode 14. The second end of the inductor 113 (i.e., the right end in the figure) constitutes the output terminal of the filter circuit 11 and is connected to the voltage input terminal of the power chip 12.

[0037] Capacitor 111 is an electrolytic capacitor. One end of capacitor 111 is connected to the first end of inductor 113, and the other end is connected to ground (represented by GND in the diagram). Capacitor 111 is used to filter low-frequency noise in the battery voltage and smooth the battery voltage waveform. One end of capacitor 112 is connected to the first end of inductor 113, and the other end is connected to ground. One end of capacitor 114 is connected to the second end of inductor 113, and the other end is grounded. One end of capacitor 115 is connected to the second end of inductor 113, and the other end is connected to ground. Inductor 113, capacitor 112, capacitor 114, and capacitor 115 constitute an LCπ-type filter used to filter high-frequency noise in the battery output voltage.

[0038] Specifically, capacitor 111 can be a 100µF electrolytic capacitor. The large capacitance of 100µF allows capacitor 111 to store a large amount of charge. When the downstream load suddenly requires a large current and the power chip 12 cannot obtain current from the battery in time, the charge stored in capacitor 111 will immediately provide current to the power chip 12, preventing the power chip 12 from running out of control due to a sudden drop in input voltage. Capacitor 111 can also filter low-frequency power ripple. Capacitors 112 and 114 can be 100nF and 0402 packaged capacitors, respectively. Connecting capacitors 112 and 114 in parallel can not only halve the equivalent parasitic capacitance, but also achieve a higher self-resonant frequency. This can effectively short-circuit common-mode or differential-mode interference in the tens of MHz frequency band to ground (GND), preventing it from entering the power chip. Capacitor 115 can be a 10nF, 0402 packaged capacitor. Capacitor 115 has a lower capacitance value than capacitors 112 and 114, and can filter out higher frequency spike noise that capacitors 112 and 114 cannot filter out.

[0039] Simply put, capacitor 111 is responsible for filtering noise in the low-frequency range (less than 1MHz), capacitors 112 and 114 are used to filter noise in the mid-frequency range (1MHz - 80MHz), and capacitor 115 is used to filter noise in the high-frequency range (80MHz - 300MHz).

[0040] Inductor 113 can be selected as a ferrite bead inductor that presents a 300Ω impedance at a frequency of 100MHz. This not only prevents high-frequency common-mode noise from entering the power chip 12, but also prevents high-frequency switching noise generated by the downstream load from flowing back into the battery.

[0041] The multi-stage decoupling circuit 13 is used to stabilize the 5V supply voltage output by the power chip 12 and filter noise in the 5V supply voltage. It is composed of capacitors 131, 132, 133 and 134 connected in parallel. One end of each of the capacitors 131, 132, 133 and 134 is connected to the ground point, and the other end is connected to the voltage output terminal of the power chip 12 and the drive circuit. This end connected to the voltage output terminal and the drive circuit constitutes the input and output terminals of the multi-stage decoupling circuit 13.

[0042] Specifically, capacitors 131, 132, 133, and 134 can all be selected with a rated withstand voltage of 50V. Under extreme conditions such as load dump, the output voltage of power chip 12 may instantly surge to around 40V. With a rated withstand voltage of 50V, it can be guaranteed that capacitors 131, 132, 133, and 134 will not be short-circuited under any circumstances.

[0043] Capacitor 131 is positioned close to the voltage output terminal of power chip 12. Capacitor 131 can be a 1nF, 0402 packaged capacitor. The 1nF capacitance allows capacitor 131 to resonate at the hundreds of MHz or even GHz level. The 0402 package provides low parasitic inductance, enabling capacitor 131 to filter out high-frequency noise generated by the high-speed logic switching within power chip 12. Capacitor 132 is positioned to the right of capacitor 131. It can be a 100nF, 0402 packaged capacitor. The 100nF capacitance allows capacitor 132 to resonate at around tens of MHz, enabling it to act as a decoupling capacitor. This filter helps filter clock noise and power ripple present in power chip 12, stabilizing the output voltage of power chip 12. Capacitor 133 is positioned to the right of capacitor 132. A 1nF, 0805 packaged capacitor can be selected. The 0805 package allows capacitor 133 to have a larger parasitic inductance, resulting in a lower resonant frequency than capacitor 131. This helps filter noise from the frequency gap between capacitors 131 and 132. Capacitor 134 is positioned to the right of capacitor 133. A 10nF capacitor can be selected. A 10nF capacitor allows the resonant point of capacitor 134 to fall between that of a 100nF capacitor and a 1nF capacitor, suppressing mid-frequency noise in the tens of MHz range.

[0044] Simply put, capacitors 131 and 133 can filter ultra-high frequency noise from 100MHz to GHz, capacitor 132 can filter noise from 1MHz to tens of MHz, and capacitor 134 can filter noise from tens of MHz to 100MHz. This allows for complete noise reduction of the power supply voltage output by power chip 12.

[0045] It should be noted that the specific implementation of the voltage regulator circuit may include, but is not limited to, [other than] Figure 2 As shown, the voltage regulator circuit also includes other electronic components not shown, which will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0046] Optionally, the detection module includes a first voltage divider resistor, a second voltage divider resistor, a second filter resistor, and a third filter capacitor; the first voltage divider resistor and the second voltage divider resistor are connected in series between the power-on signal terminal and the ground terminal; one end of the second filter resistor is connected to the connection node between the first voltage divider resistor and the second voltage divider resistor, and the other end is connected to the controller; one end of the third filter capacitor is connected to the controller, and the other end is grounded.

[0047] See Figure 3 , Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an enable circuit provided in this application is shown. Figure 3As shown, the enabling circuit includes a detection module 20, a wake-up module 30, and a controller 40. The detection module 20 includes a first voltage divider resistor 21, a second voltage divider resistor 22, a second filter resistor 23, and a third filter capacitor 24. The first voltage divider resistor 21 and the second voltage divider resistor 22 are connected in series between the power-on signal terminal (KL15) and the ground point to divide the voltage on the power-on signal terminal, and output the node voltage obtained by the voltage division through the connection node between the two.

[0048] One end of the second filter resistor 23 is connected to the connection node between the first voltage divider resistor 21 and the second voltage divider resistor 22, and the other end forms the output terminal of the detection module 20, which is connected to the controller 40. One end of the third filter capacitor 24 is connected to the controller 40, and the other end is connected to the ground point. The second filter resistor 23 and the third filter capacitor 24 form an LC filter circuit, which is used to filter the node voltage and output the filtered node voltage to the controller 40.

[0049] The controller 40 is equipped with a voltage threshold. After receiving the node voltage, the controller 40 compares the node voltage with the voltage threshold. If the node voltage is greater than or equal to the voltage threshold, it is determined that there is a power-on signal at the power-on signal terminal; if the node voltage is less than the voltage threshold, it is determined that there is no power-on signal at the power-on signal terminal. In this case, the node voltage is the trigger signal, and the controller 40 can respond to the trigger signal by outputting a hold signal for the target duration to the wake-up module 30. The voltage threshold can be set according to the voltage value of the power-on signal and the resistance values ​​of the first voltage divider resistor and the second voltage divider resistor. This embodiment of the application does not limit this setting.

[0050] The controller 40 can be a microcontroller unit (MCU) for controlling the transfer case, transfer case motor, and drive circuit, or it can be other types of chips with control functions. When the controller 40 determines that there is no power-on signal at the power-on signal terminal, if it also determines that the transfer case is in shifting mode, it outputs a hold signal and starts timing. When the timing duration reaches the target duration, it stops outputting the hold signal and outputs a hold signal of the target duration to the wake-up module 30.

[0051] In this embodiment, the detection module consists of a first voltage divider resistor, a second voltage divider resistor, a second filter resistor, and a third filter capacitor. The circuit structure of the entire detection module is simple and the cost is low. This can simplify the circuit structure of the enable circuit and reduce the cost of the enable circuit.

[0052] Optionally, the wake-up module includes a filtering submodule and an analog submodule; the analog submodule is connected to the controller and to the filtering submodule, and is used to output an analog power-on signal to the filtering submodule when a hold signal is received; the filtering submodule is connected to the power-on signal terminal, and is used to filter the power-on signal when a power-on signal is detected at the power-on signal terminal to obtain and output an enable signal to the regulator, or to filter the analog power-on signal when an analog power-on signal is received to obtain and output an enable signal to the regulator.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, the wake-up module 30 may include a filtering submodule 31 and an analog submodule 32. The filtering submodule 31 is connected to the power-on signal terminal KL15. When the power-on signal terminal KL15 is detected to be powered on, the filtering submodule 31 filters the power-on signal to obtain an enable signal and sends it to the relevant department. Figure 2 The power chip 12 shown outputs an enable signal. The analog submodule 32 is connected to the controller 40 and is used to receive the hold signal output by the controller 40. In response to the hold signal, it outputs an analog power-on signal of the target duration to the filtering submodule 31. The analog power-on signal has the same function as the power-on signal on the power-on signal terminal. The filtering submodule 31 can filter the analog power-on signal to obtain and output the enable signal to the power chip 12.

[0054] Optionally, the analog submodule includes a power switch; a first connection terminal of the power switch is connected to the battery in the vehicle, and a second connection terminal of the power switch is connected to the filter submodule; the control terminal of the power switch is connected to the controller, and the power switch is turned on upon receiving a hold signal to output an analog power-on signal to the filter submodule based on the battery voltage.

[0055] In one embodiment, the analog submodule may include a power switch. A first terminal of the power switch is connected to the positive voltage terminal of the battery, and a second terminal of the power switch is connected to the filter submodule. The control terminal of the power switch is connected to a controller. A hold signal, which is the power switch's on signal, is received by the control terminal of the power switch from the controller. Upon receiving this hold signal, the power switch opens, energizing both its first and second terminals to output the battery voltage to the filter submodule; this voltage is the analog power-on signal.

[0056] Optionally, the power switch includes a pre-biased digital transistor, which includes an NPN transistor and a PNP transistor; the emitter of the NPN transistor is grounded, the base of the NPN transistor forms a control terminal, and the collector of the NPN transistor is connected to the base of the PNP transistor; the emitter of the PNP transistor forms a first connection terminal, and the collector of the PNP transistor forms a second connection terminal.

[0057] like Figure 3As shown, the power switch is composed of a pre-biased digital transistor 321, which is composed of an NPN transistor 3211 and a PNP transistor 3212. The emitter of the NPN transistor 3211 is connected to ground, and the base of the NPN transistor 3211 forms the control terminal of the power switch, which is connected to the controller 40 to receive the hold signal output by the controller 40. The collector of the NPN transistor 3211 is connected to the base of the PNP transistor 3212. The emitter of the PNP transistor 3212 forms the first connection terminal of the power switch, which is connected to the positive voltage terminal of the battery. The collector of the PNP transistor 3212 forms the second connection terminal of the power switch, which is connected to the filter submodule 31 to output an analog power-on signal to the filter submodule 31.

[0058] The hold signal output by the controller 40 is a high-level signal. When the controller 40 outputs the hold signal to the base (i.e., the control terminal) of the NPN transistor 3211, the NPN transistor 3211 and the PNP transistor 3212 are turned on. The collector and emitter (i.e., the first connection terminal and the second connection terminal) of the PNP transistor 3212 are turned on, which can provide the battery voltage (i.e., the analog power-on signal) to the filter submodule 31.

[0059] like Figure 3 As shown, within the pre-biased digital transistor 321, the bases of the NPN transistor 3211 and the PNP transistor 3212 are provided with built-in resistors, and a built-in resistor is also provided between the base and the emitter.

[0060] It should be understood that the specific implementation of a power switch may include, but is not limited to, […]. Figure 3 As shown, any other circuit that can implement the function of a power switch and can be applied to a vehicle can be applied to the analog submodule in this application.

[0061] In this embodiment, the analog submodule is implemented using a power switch, resulting in a simple circuit structure and low cost. This simplifies the circuit structure and reduces the manufacturing cost of the enable circuit. Furthermore, when the power switch is implemented using a pre-biased digital transistor, the circuit structure is simple, the cost is low, and the stability is high.

[0062] Optionally, the analog submodule further includes a first filter resistor and a second filter capacitor; one end of the first filter resistor is connected to the second connection terminal, and the other end is connected to the filter submodule; one end of the second filter capacitor is connected to the second connection terminal, and the other end is grounded.

[0063] like Figure 3As shown, the analog submodule 32 also includes a first filter resistor 322 and a second filter capacitor 323. One end of the first filter resistor 322 is connected to the collector (i.e., the second connection terminal) of the PNP transistor 3212, and the other end is connected to the filter submodule 31. It is used to output an analog power-on signal to the filter submodule 31 when both the NPN transistor 3211 and the PNP transistor 3212 are turned on. One end of the second filter capacitor 323 is connected to the filter submodule 31, and the other end is connected to ground. The first filter resistor 322 and the second filter capacitor 323 constitute an RC filter circuit, used to filter the analog power-on signal output by the analog submodule 32 to improve the stability of the filter submodule 31.

[0064] Specifically, the second filter capacitor 323 can be a 10nF capacitor in a 0402 package. The 10nF second filter capacitor 323 presents low impedance to high-frequency noise above the MHz level, which can bypass high-frequency noise above the MHz level to the ground point. The first filter resistor 322 can be a 100Ω resistor in a 0402 package. The 100Ω first filter resistor 322 has a small resistance value and can generate a microsecond-level delay to eliminate jitter.

[0065] Simply put, the first filter resistor 322 and the second filter capacitor 323 work together to not only filter high-frequency noise in the signal output by the pre-biased digital transistor 321, but also to eliminate jitter in the signal output by the pre-biased digital transistor 321.

[0066] It should be understood that Figure 3 This is merely an example; the specific circuit implementation of the analog submodule may include, but is not limited to, [other examples]. Figure 3 As shown.

[0067] Optionally, the filtering submodule includes an OR gate chip and a filtering circuit; the first input terminal of the OR gate chip is connected to the power-on signal terminal, the second input terminal of the OR gate chip is connected to the analog submodule, and the output terminal of the OR gate chip is connected to the input terminal of the filtering circuit. The OR gate chip is used to input the input power-on signal or analog power-on signal into the filtering circuit; the output terminal of the filtering circuit is connected to the voltage regulator and is used to filter the input power-on signal or analog power-on signal to obtain and output an enable signal to the voltage regulator.

[0068] like Figure 3As shown, the filtering submodule 31 includes an OR gate chip 313 and a filtering circuit composed of a filter inductor 314, a filter capacitor 315, a filter capacitor 316, a filter capacitor 317, and a discharge resistor 318. The first input terminal of the OR gate chip 313 is connected to the power-on signal terminal KL15 to receive the power-on signal on the power-on signal terminal KL15, and the second input terminal is connected to the output terminal of the analog submodule 32, that is, connected to the end of the first filter resistor 322 that is not connected to the PNP transistor 3212, to receive the analog power-on signal output by the analog submodule 32.

[0069] The output of OR gate chip 313 is connected to the input of the filter circuit. When there is a power-on signal at the power-on signal terminal KL15, OR gate chip 313 outputs a power-on signal to the filter circuit, and when it receives an analog power-on signal sent by analog submodule 32, it outputs an analog power-on signal to the filter circuit. Correspondingly, when there is a power-on signal at the power-on signal terminal, the filter circuit can filter the power-on signal to obtain an enable signal and output an enable signal to the power chip 12. Similarly, when the filter circuit receives an analog power-on signal output by analog submodule 32, it can filter the analog power-on signal to obtain an enable signal and output an enable signal to the power chip 12.

[0070] One end of the filter inductor 314 (i.e. Figure 3 The left end of the gate is connected to the output of the OR gate chip 313, and the other end (i.e. Figure 3 The right end of the filter capacitor 315 is connected to the enable terminal of the power supply chip 12. Filter capacitors 315 and 316 are connected in parallel. One end of filter capacitor 315 is connected to the output terminal of OR gate chip 313, and the other end is connected to ground. One end of filter capacitor 316 is connected to the output terminal of OR gate chip 313, and the other end is connected to ground. Filter capacitors 315 and 316 are used to filter low-frequency ripple and high-frequency noise in the power-on signal or analog power-on signal of the input filter circuit. Filter inductor 314 is used to filter high-frequency noise in the power-on signal or analog power-on signal. One end of filter capacitor 317 is connected to the second end of filter inductor 314, and the other end is connected to ground. One end of discharge resistor 318 is connected to the second end of filter inductor 314, and the other end is connected to ground. Filter capacitor 317 and discharge resistor 318 are used to filter residual high-frequency noise in the enable signal.

[0071] Specifically, filter capacitor 315 can be selected from 1μF and 0805 packaged capacitors. The 1μF filter capacitor 315 mainly undertakes the functions of energy storage and voltage regulation. When the downstream circuit requires a large instantaneous current, filter capacitor 315 can provide nearby charge replenishment to maintain voltage stability. At the same time, the 1μF filter capacitor 315 has a high filtering effect on ripple in the mid-to-low frequency range. Filter capacitor 316 can be selected from 100nF and 0402 packaged capacitors. The 100nF filter capacitor 316 has a small capacitance value, and the 0402 package has a small parasitic inductance, presenting extremely low impedance to high-frequency noise from hundreds of kHz to tens of MHz, which can efficiently bypass this high-frequency noise to the ground point. Similarly, filter capacitor 317 can be selected from 100nF and 0402 packaged capacitors. The 100nF filter capacitor 317 has a small capacitance value, and the 0402 package has a small parasitic inductance, presenting extremely low impedance to high-frequency noise from hundreds of kHz to tens of MHz, which can efficiently bypass this high-frequency noise to the ground point. The rated withstand voltage of filter capacitors 315, 316 and 316 is 50V, which can cope with the voltage spikes on the power-on signal terminal KL15 and improve the stability of the entire circuit.

[0072] The filter inductor 314 can be selected as a ferrite bead inductor that presents an impedance of 300Ω at a frequency of 100MHz. For useful DC and low-frequency signals, it presents very low impedance, allowing current to pass smoothly. For high-frequency noise generated in the circuit or introduced from the outside, it will convert it into heat energy and dissipate it, thereby preventing the propagation of high-frequency noise.

[0073] The discharge resistor 318 can be a 10KΩ resistor. Its function is to provide a safe and fast discharge path for filter capacitors 315, 316, and 317 after power is lost. Without the discharge resistor 318, the charge stored in these capacitors might take a very long time to dissipate when the entire system is powered off, potentially causing electric shock or damage to other components. The discharge resistor 318 ensures rapid charge release after power failure, improving circuit safety and maintainability.

[0074] Simply put, the filter inductor 314 can block high-frequency noise from external input and high-frequency noise generated by the circuit itself. The filter capacitor 315 is responsible for stabilizing the voltage, filtering out low- and medium-frequency ripple, and providing instantaneous energy to the load. The filter capacitors 316 and 317 completely filter out the residual high-frequency noise that passes through the filter inductor 314. The discharge resistor 318 is used for rapid discharge after power is turned off.

[0075] It should be understood that Figure 3This is merely an example; the specific circuit implementation of the filtering submodule may include, but is not limited to, [other examples]. Figure 3 As shown.

[0076] In this embodiment, the filtering submodule consists of an OR gate chip and a filtering circuit. The OR gate chip can receive a power-on signal or an analog power-on signal, and the filtering circuit can filter the power-on signal or the analog power-on signal to obtain an enable signal. The circuit structure of the filtering submodule is simple and easy to implement.

[0077] Optionally, the filter submodule also includes a transient voltage suppressor (TVS), one end of which is connected to the first input terminal and the other end is grounded.

[0078] like Figure 3 As shown, the filter submodule 31 also includes a transient voltage suppression diode 311. One end of the transient voltage suppression diode 311 is connected to the first input terminal of the OR gate chip 313, and the other end is connected to the ground point. The transient voltage suppression diode 311 is used to form a low-impedance path to discharge the surge current when a surge current occurs on the power-on signal terminal KL15, thereby protecting the OR gate chip 313 and the filter circuit, and improving the reliability of the filter submodule.

[0079] Specifically, the normal operating voltage range of the power-on signal terminal KL15 is 9V-16V. Under abnormal conditions, surge voltages as high as 24V or even higher may be generated on the power-on signal terminal KL15. The transient voltage suppression diode 311 can be a bidirectional transient voltage suppression diode with a reverse turn-off voltage of 30V and a breakdown voltage of 33.3V-36.8V. When a momentary surge voltage occurs on the power-on signal terminal KL15, if the surge voltage exceeds the breakdown voltage of the transient voltage suppression diode 311, the transient voltage suppression diode 311 will switch from a high-resistance state to a low-resistance state, providing a low-impedance path for the surge current and discharging it to ground. This prevents the surge voltage from impacting the gate chip 313 and the filter circuit composed of filter inductor 314, filter capacitor 315, filter capacitor 316, filter capacitor 317, and discharge resistor 318.

[0080] Furthermore, the transient voltage suppression diode 311 can be a bidirectional transient voltage suppression diode, which can effectively clamp and protect the filter submodule 31 regardless of whether a forward or reverse voltage surge (such as electrostatic discharge ESD or wiring error) occurs on the power-on signal terminal KL15.

[0081] Optionally, the filtering submodule also includes a first filtering capacitor, one end of which is connected to the first input terminal and the other end is grounded.

[0082] like Figure 3 As shown, the filtering submodule 3 also includes a first filtering capacitor 312. One end of the filtering capacitor 312 is connected to the first input terminal of the OR gate chip 313, and the other end is grounded. The filtering capacitor 312 is used to filter the power-on signal of the input OR gate chip 313 to improve the stability of the filtering submodule.

[0083] Specifically, the first filter capacitor 312 can be a 100nF, 0402 package capacitor with a rated voltage of 50V. Besides surges, the power-on signal terminal KL15 is also mixed with high-frequency noise from other components of the vehicle. The 100nF first filter capacitor 312 can provide a low-impedance path for this type of high-frequency noise, directing it to the ground point. Furthermore, the power supply chip 12 may not be able to respond quickly enough to sudden changes in load current. The 100nF first filter capacitor 312 can instantly provide the necessary charge to the load, acting as decoupling and smoothing voltage fluctuations. The 50V rated voltage of the first filter capacitor 312 provides sufficient voltage margin to handle voltage spikes on the power-on signal terminal KL15, improving the stability of the entire circuit.

[0084] In this embodiment, the enabling circuit includes a detection module, a wake-up module, and a controller. The detection module is connected to the vehicle's power-on signal terminal and the controller, respectively. The controller is connected to the wake-up module, which is connected to both the power-on signal terminal and the voltage regulator. When the detection module detects no power-on signal at the power-on signal terminal, it outputs a trigger signal to the controller. When the controller receives the trigger signal and determines that the transfer case is in shifting mode, it outputs a hold signal for a target duration to the wake-up module. When the wake-up module detects a power-on signal at the power-on signal terminal or receives a hold signal, it outputs an enable signal to the voltage regulator, enabling the voltage regulator to supply power to the drive circuit. The enabling module can control the voltage regulator to extend the power supply to the drive circuit for a target duration when the power-on signal terminal experiences an abnormal power failure. The target duration is not less than the time required for the transfer case to switch from shifting mode to non-shifting mode. During the time period of the target duration delay, the voltage regulator can continue to supply power to the drive circuit, allowing the drive circuit and transfer case motor to continue operating, thereby enabling the transfer case to continue operating and complete the shifting process. This reduces the number of times a vehicle reports a fault due to the transfer case being in an intermediate state, thereby improving vehicle reliability.

[0085] This application also provides a vehicle, the vehicle including... Figure 1 The diagram shows a voltage regulator, drive circuit, transfer case motor and transfer case, and enable circuit.

[0086] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An enable circuit, comprising: Applied to vehicles with a transfer case, the vehicle further includes a transfer case motor, a drive circuit for the transfer case motor, and a voltage regulator for supplying power to the drive circuit; the enabling circuit includes a detection module, a wake-up module, and a controller; The detection module is connected to the power-on signal terminal of the vehicle and to the controller, and is used to output a trigger signal to the controller when no power-on signal is detected at the power-on signal terminal; The controller is connected to the wake-up module and is used to output a hold signal of a target duration to the wake-up module when it receives the trigger signal and determines that the transfer case is in the shifting state. The target duration is not less than the time required for the transfer case to switch from the shifting state to the non-shifting state. The wake-up module is connected to the power-on signal terminal and the voltage regulator respectively, and is used to output an enable signal to the voltage regulator when the power-on signal is detected at the power-on signal terminal or the hold signal is received, so that the voltage regulator supplies power to the drive circuit.

2. The enabling circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The wake-up module includes a filtering submodule and an analog submodule; The analog submodule is connected to the controller and the filtering submodule, and is used to output an analog power-on signal to the filtering submodule when the hold signal is received; The filtering submodule is connected to the power-on signal terminal and is used to filter the power-on signal when the power-on signal terminal is detected to obtain and output the enable signal to the regulator, or to filter the analog power-on signal when the analog power-on signal is received to obtain and output the enable signal to the regulator.

3. The enabling circuit as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The filtering submodule includes an OR gate chip and a filtering circuit; The first input terminal of the OR gate chip is connected to the power-on signal terminal, the second input terminal of the OR gate chip is connected to the analog submodule, and the output terminal of the OR gate chip is connected to the input terminal of the filter circuit. The OR gate chip is used to input the input power-on signal or the analog power-on signal into the filter circuit. The output of the filter circuit is connected to the voltage regulator and is used to filter the input power-on signal or the analog power-on signal to obtain and output the enable signal to the voltage regulator.

4. The enabling circuit as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The filtering submodule also includes a transient voltage suppression diode, one end of which is connected to the first input terminal and the other end is grounded.

5. The enabling circuit as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The filtering submodule further includes a first filtering capacitor, one end of which is connected to the first input terminal and the other end is grounded.

6. The enabling circuit as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The analog submodule includes a power switch; The first connection terminal of the power switch is connected to the battery in the vehicle, and the second connection terminal of the power switch is connected to the filter submodule; The control terminal of the power switch is connected to the controller. The power switch turns on when it receives the holding signal, so as to output the analog power-on signal to the filter submodule based on the voltage of the battery.

7. The enabling circuit as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The power switch includes a pre-biased digital transistor, which includes an NPN transistor and a PNP transistor; The emitter of the NPN transistor is grounded, the base of the NPN transistor forms the control terminal, and the collector of the NPN transistor is connected to the base of the PNP transistor. The emitter of the PNP transistor forms the first connection terminal, and the collector of the PNP transistor forms the second connection terminal.

8. The enabling circuit as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The analog submodule also includes a first filter resistor and a second filter capacitor; One end of the first filter resistor is connected to the second connection terminal, and the other end is connected to the filter submodule; One end of the second filter capacitor is connected to the second connection terminal, and the other end is grounded.

9. The enabling circuit as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The detection module includes a first voltage divider resistor, a second voltage divider resistor, a second filter resistor, and a third filter capacitor; The first voltage divider resistor and the second voltage divider resistor are connected in series between the power-on signal terminal and the ground terminal; One end of the second filter resistor is connected to the connection node between the first voltage divider resistor and the second voltage divider resistor, and the other end is connected to the controller; One end of the third filter capacitor is connected to the controller, and the other end is grounded.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the enable circuit as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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