Electrochemical water treatment remote monitoring system for industrial circulating water

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of remote monitoring of industrial circulating water treatment, and discloses an electrochemical water treatment remote monitoring system for industrial circulating water. The system comprises a bypass flow matching construction module, a water scale capture identification module, a backwashing disturbance isolation module and a source competition control module. The system generates bypass flow charge residence matching fragments and bypass flow residence drift states based on load switching operation data, carries out check and verification on particle generation feedback and bypass filtration retention feedback, generates a water scale capture closed state, and generates a backwashing disturbance release state based on bypass filtration backwashing event isolation feedback fluctuation after backwashing. The source competition control module forms a candidate source state based on the above states, outputs a limited electrochemical control instruction and a normal control benchmark rewrite permission, so that the risk of false compensation and false rewriting caused by bypass flow drift, capture unclosing and backwashing disturbance is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of remote monitoring technology for industrial circulating water treatment, and in particular to an electrochemical water treatment remote monitoring system for industrial circulating water. Background Technology

[0002] Industrial circulating water systems are widely used in continuous heat exchange scenarios such as chemical production, steel smelting, power generation units, electronics factories, and centralized cooling stations. The circulating water load changes with production cycle time, heat exchange equipment start-up and shutdown, ambient temperature, water replenishment and drainage strategies, and the operating status of the circulating pumps. Taking an industrial cooling water system with multiple heat exchangers operating in parallel as an example, when the production line enters a high-load phase, the circulating pump frequency increases, the flow velocity in the main circulating network increases, and the actual treatment ratio and reaction residence time obtained by the bypass electrochemical treatment branch under the original flow conditions will shift; when some production units reduce... When the load or heat exchange equipment is shut down, the main circulation flow rate decreases, the mixing process in the collection tank is prolonged, and the time it takes for the bypass treatment results to be reflected at the main pipe monitoring point will also change. In order to reduce the scaling of heat exchangers and the system's sewage discharge pressure, electrochemical reactors are usually used in conjunction with bypass filters and solid-liquid separation units in engineering. The electrochemical treatment equipment, bypass filters, and changes in circulating water quality are centrally managed through a remote monitoring platform, so that the system can complete current regulation, electrode reversal scaling, filter backwashing, and sewage discharge linkage control under conditions where the intensity of on-site monitoring is low or the equipment is widely distributed.

[0003] During rapid changes in industrial circulating water load, time misalignments can easily occur between the actual residence time in the electrochemical reactor, the retention status of scale particles by the side-stream filter, and the main pipe water quality feedback. During high-load phases, the hardness in the main pipe may not decrease significantly. This could be due to compressed side-stream treatment time, or because the electrochemical reaction has already promoted scale particle formation, but the particles have not yet stably adhered to the electrode surface and entered the subsequent side-stream filtration stage. After the side-stream filter completes backwashing, the filter bed's retention capacity is in the recovery process. Short-term turbidity fluctuations may originate from particle release after backwashing, and subsequent water quality improvement may also come from the filter bed re-establishing stable retention conditions. While conventional remote monitoring methods can complete data acquisition, status display, and limit-breaking linkage, in scenarios involving load switching, changes in bypass flow ratio, and backwashing of bypass filters, directly using the improvement in main pipe water quality as the effect of electrochemical current regulation can easily lead to interpreting incomplete scale trapping as insufficient current, and can also easily write the improvement formed by bypass filter retention and recovery into the electrochemical control baseline. Therefore, a remote monitoring method for electrochemical water treatment is needed that can identify bypass flow residence time drift, distinguish between scale formation and trapping states, and limit abnormal feedback from being written into the normal control baseline, in order to reduce the risk of misregulation in industrial circulating water systems during variable load operation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application proposes a remote monitoring system for electrochemical water treatment in industrial circulating water to address the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution: a remote monitoring system for electrochemical water treatment of industrial circulating water, comprising: a bypass matching construction module, which acquires load switching operation data, divides bypass control segments by load switching anchor points, performs registration processing on the actual residence time and unit water charge in the bypass control segments, generates bypass charge residence matching segments, and generates bypass residence drift state based on the comparison between the bypass charge residence matching segments and the bypass treatment boundary;

[0006] The scale collection and identification module performs a connection verification on the particle feedback and side-filter interception feedback after the charge retention matching segment falls into the side-flow processing boundary, and generates a scale collection closed state.

[0007] The backwash disturbance isolation module constructs a backwash propagation isolation window based on the side-filtered backwash events, performs source isolation processing on the feedback fluctuations after backwashing within the isolation window, and generates a backwash disturbance release state;

[0008] The source competition control module acquires candidate source states formed by the bypass flow dwell drift state, scale trapping closure state, and backwash disturbance release state. It performs source priority discrimination and baseline write permission determination on the candidate source states, generates control source competition results, and outputs restricted electrochemical control instructions and normal control baseline write permission according to the control source competition results.

[0009] Furthermore, the specific operation of dividing the bypass control segment based on the load switching anchor point is as follows: align the load switching operation data according to the execution time of the control sampling cycle, form a stable operating range for the main circulation flow and bypass ratio based on historical stable segments that have obtained normal control baseline write-back permission, and form an offset confirmation lower limit by combining the minimum identifiable change of the corresponding flow meter; when the current main circulation flow or the current bypass ratio exceeds the stable operating range for multiple consecutive control sampling cycles, and the exceedance is not lower than the offset confirmation lower limit, the load switching operation data is deemed to meet the load switching judgment condition. The sampling time that first meets the load switching judgment condition is taken as the load switching anchor point, and the load switching anchor point is taken as the starting point of the bypass control segment. When a new load switching anchor point appears, the bypass control segment reaches the control window termination time, or the maximum allowable reaction observation time is reached, the bypass control segment is closed. The maximum allowable reaction observation time is formed by the effective volume of the electrochemical reactor, the design flow of the bypass branch, and the mixing delay of the main pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, the specific operation for registering the actual residence time and unit water charge in the bypass control segment and generating bypass residence drift states is as follows: Accumulate the bypass branch flow rate and effective current input within the bypass control segment to generate the actual residence time and unit water charge; perform charge residence registration on the actual residence time, unit water charge, and the reference value under the same operating condition formed by the historical stable segment that has obtained normal control reference write-back permission to generate a bypass charge residence matching segment; compare the bypass charge residence matching segment with the bypass processing boundary, and generate bypass residence drift states of insufficient residence drift, excessive residence drift, charge residence mismatch, or no drift according to the comparison results.

[0011] Furthermore, the specific operation of performing the acceptance verification on the particle feedback after charge input is as follows: when the bypass dwell drift state is not drifted, the effective charge input period is formed according to the effective current input corresponding to the bypass charge dwell matching segment, and the particle generation acceptance window is formed with the effective charge input period as the starting point;

[0012] The online particle observation records on the effluent side of the electrochemical reactor are compared with the particle generation acceptance window. When the online particle observation records form a particle rising segment that meets the particle feedback judgment conditions relative to the stable record of the same measuring point before the load switching anchor point within the particle generation acceptance window, and the starting time of the particle rising segment falls into the particle generation acceptance window, particle generation feedback is generated. Online particle observation records that do not meet the particle generation feedback generation conditions are not used as particle generation feedback.

[0013] Furthermore, the specific operation for performing acceptance verification and generating scale trapping closure status for the side-filter interception feedback is as follows: a side-filter interception acceptance window is formed with the peak time of particle generation feedback as the acceptance starting point, and window comparison and segment assignment verification are performed on the side-filter interception feedback; when the side-filter interception feedback falls into the side-filter interception acceptance window and belongs to the same side-flow charge residence matching segment as the particle generation feedback, the scale trapping closure status is recorded as trapping closure; when particle generation feedback has been generated but no side-filter interception feedback of the same segment is formed after the side-filter interception acceptance window is closed, it is recorded as trapping not closed; when no particle generation feedback is generated and the side-flow residence drift status is not drifting, it is recorded as insufficient particle generation; when feedback is missing, sampling is delayed, or backwashing events make it impossible to confirm the acceptance relationship of the same segment, it is recorded as trapping pending confirmation.

[0014] Furthermore, the specific operation for constructing a backwash propagation isolation window based on the side-filter backwash event is as follows: confirm the backwash end time and the side-filter reset confirmation time in the side-filter backwash event; when both are confirmed, the later of the two times is used as the basis for window calculation, and the backwash propagation isolation window is formed based on the transmission time from the side-filter to the feedback monitoring point and the control sampling period; when neither time is confirmed, the backwash disturbance release state is recorded as backwash pending confirmation.

[0015] Furthermore, the specific operation for performing source isolation processing on the feedback fluctuations after backwashing within the isolation window and generating a backwash disturbance release state is as follows: The feedback fluctuations after the bypass backwashing event are compared with the backwash propagation isolation window. The feedback fluctuations falling into the backwash propagation isolation window are subject to attribution verification according to the segment number and bypass branch identifier. When the feedback fluctuations after backwashing belong to the same bypass charge residence matching segment and exhibit a feedback direction that rises after backwashing and falls back to the backwash recovery judgment range before the backwash propagation isolation window closes, the backwash disturbance release state is recorded as a backwash disturbance release. If the feedback fluctuation after backwashing has fallen into the backwashing propagation isolation window but has not fallen back to the backwashing recovery judgment range before the backwashing propagation isolation window closes, and the feedback fluctuation still maintains a time continuity with the bypass backwashing event, the backwashing disturbance release status is recorded as backwashing pending confirmation, and a backwashing recovery observation extension mark is output; if the feedback fluctuation after the bypass backwashing event has not fallen into the backwashing propagation isolation window, the backwashing disturbance release status is recorded as non-backwashing disturbance; if any of the following is not confirmed: feedback missing measurement, sampling delay, segment number, or bypass branch identifier, the backwashing disturbance release status is recorded as backwashing pending confirmation.

[0016] Furthermore, the candidate source state is formed as follows: after the bypass dwell drift state, scale trapping closure state and backwash disturbance release state are generated, the three types of states belonging to the same bypass charge dwell matching segment are merged into candidate source states according to the segment number and bypass branch identifier; when any state cannot complete the segment assignment, the control source competition result is recorded as pending confirmation and restricted, and no normal control baseline write-back permission is output.

[0017] Furthermore, the source priority determination method is as follows: first, backwash release sources or unconfirmed restricted sources are generated based on the backwash disturbance release state; when the backwash disturbance release state is non-backwash disturbance, sideflow drift sources are generated based on the sideflow residence and drift state; when the sideflow residence and drift state is non-drift, normal closed sources, unclosed capture sources, insufficient electrochemical effects, or unconfirmed restricted sources are generated based on the scale collection closure state.

[0018] Furthermore, the method for determining the write permission and control output of the baseline is as follows: When the control source competition result is a normal closed source, both the particle generation window and the bypass filter interception window are closed, the current bypass charge retention matching segment has the same bypass branch identifier as the historical stable segment that forms the current normal control baseline and meets the same load switching judgment condition, and the current main pipe water quality feedback does not exceed the allowable fluctuation range corresponding to the normal control baseline, and the backwash propagation window is closed when there is a bypass filter backwash event or backwash-related feedback, the normal control baseline write-back permission is output; when the control source competition result is an insufficient electrochemical action candidate, and the current normal control baseline has been formed and the electrochemical controller is in an allowable adjustment state, the output is based on the current normal control baseline and the rated output of the equipment. The system generates a limited current surge command based on the range, single-cycle allowable ramp boundary, and continuous insufficient count. The single surge volume of the limited current surge command does not exceed the smaller of the remaining adjustable amount within the rated output range of the equipment and the single-cycle allowable ramp boundary. When the control source competition result is a bypass drift source, a bypass ratio verification command or an observation window extension command is output, and the limited current surge command is prohibited from being output. When the control source competition result is a capture unclosed source, a bypass filter interception verification command is output, and the limited current surge command based on the main pipe water quality feedback is prohibited from being generated. When the control source competition result is a backwash release source, a backwash recovery observation extension command is output, and the normal control baseline write-back permission is frozen. When the control source competition result is a pending confirmation of limitation, a current hold command is output, and the normal control baseline write-back permission is not output.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0020] 1. This invention constructs a bypass charge retention matching segment starting from the load switching anchor point, binding the actual retention time of the bypass branch, the charge per unit volume of water, and the bypass treatment boundary into the same control segment for judgment. This allows the remote monitoring system to no longer infer the electrochemical treatment effect solely based on the hardness of the main pipe or changes in the end-point water quality. Instead, it first identifies process-related sources such as insufficient bypass retention, excessive retention, and charge retention mismatch after load switching. As a result, when water quality feedback is delayed or the bypass ratio changes, it avoids misjudging changes in bypass operating conditions as insufficient electrochemical current, providing a stable segment boundary and access basis for subsequent scale collection identification.

[0021] 2. Based on the fact that the side-flow charge retention matching segment has not drifted, this invention continues to verify the particle generation feedback and side-filter interception feedback after charge input, and isolates and judges the feedback fluctuations after side-filter backwashing. This ensures that whether electrochemical action is formed, whether scale is intercepted and received by the side filter, and whether the feedback fluctuations come from backwash release are no longer mixed into a single abnormal water quality result. This chain can transform insufficient particle generation, incomplete capture closure, and backwash disturbance release into different source states, preventing side-filter backwash release from being mistaken for capture failure, and also preventing incomplete capture chain closure from being directly compensated for by electrochemical current control.

[0022] 3. This invention ultimately unifies the bypass flow dwell drift state, scale trapping closure state, and backwash disturbance release state into candidate source states through a source competition control module. It then generates control source competition results according to the sequence of backwash release, bypass flow drift, and trapping states, enabling the remote monitoring system to output different control results based on feedback source differences. When particle generation is insufficient and the electrochemical controller has adjustment conditions, a limited flow increase command is output. During bypass flow drift, the system switches to bypass flow ratio verification or observation window extension. When trapping is not closed, the system switches to bypass filtration interception verification. During backwash release, the system freezes the baseline write-back and extends the observation period. Only when the trapping chain is closed, the backwash disturbance is eliminated, the bypass flow charge dwell relationship has not drifted, and the main pipe water quality feedback is within the allowable fluctuation range, is a normal control baseline write-back permission output. This reduces the risk of false flow increase, false compensation, and erroneous baseline write-back caused by backwash disturbances, bypass flow drift, and unclosed trapping chains in variable load circulating water systems. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a system framework diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the source contention control module of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this invention discloses a remote monitoring system for electrochemical water treatment of industrial circulating water, including: a bypass matching construction module, a scale collection and identification module, a backwash disturbance isolation module, and a source competition control module.

[0028] This implementation method is applicable to industrial circulating water treatment systems that use electrochemical induced crystallization or electrocoagulation to form hardness ions and suspended solids into filterable particles. The side-stream filter, solid-liquid separation unit, and electrochemical reactor have a bindable side-stream branch identifier and online feedback record. For electrochemical treatment systems that only perform sterilization, oxidation-reduction, or do not form filterable particles, the scale collection identification module is only an optional post-verification module and is not a necessary basis for normal control baseline write-back permission.

[0029] The bypass flow matching construction module is used to acquire load switching operation data, divide bypass flow control segments based on load switching anchor points, perform registration processing on the actual residence time and unit water charge in the bypass flow control segments, generate bypass flow charge residence matching segments, and generate bypass flow residence drift state based on the comparison between the bypass flow charge residence matching segments and the bypass flow processing boundary. The bypass flow charge residence matching segments serve as the segment boundaries of the scale collection identification module, and the bypass flow residence drift state serves as the admission field of the scale collection identification module and the candidate source field of the source competition control module.

[0030] After acquiring load switching operation data, the time alignment is performed according to the control sampling cycle of the remote monitoring system. This ensures that the main circulation side operation status, bypass branch operation status, electrochemical current input status, and heat exchanger start / stop status form a load switching observation record at the same sampling time. The main circulation side operation status is used to identify load changes, the bypass branch operation status is used to form the bypass ratio and segment boundaries, the electrochemical current input status is used to form the charge per unit water volume, and the heat exchanger start / stop status is used to confirm the load scenario. For data with different sampling cycles, the most recent valid hold method is used for alignment. When any sampled data item has not been updated after the valid hold time, the current sampling time does not participate in the load switching anchor point identification and is marked as data pending verification. The valid hold time is formed based on the sensor sampling cycle, communication refresh cycle, and control sampling cycle, preferably 2 to 3 times the normal refresh cycle of the corresponding sampled data item, and does not exceed the time length corresponding to the continuous confirmation cycle used for load switching anchor point identification.

[0031] The load switching criteria are established based on historical stable segments that have been granted write-back permission to the normal control baseline. These historical stable segments are those that, during previous operations, achieved source contention control, maintained a non-drift status in the bypass flow, did not hit the backwash propagation isolation window, and were permitted to be written to the normal control baseline. The module reads the main circulation flow reference value and bypass flow ratio reference value from these historical stable segments. The bypass flow ratio is the ratio between the bypass branch flow and the main circulation flow. The stable distribution range of the main circulation flow and bypass flow ratio within the historical stable segments is used as the stable operating range, and the minimum identifiable change in the corresponding flow meter is used as the offset confirmation lower limit. When the current main circulation flow or the current bypass flow ratio exceeds the stable operating range for multiple consecutive control sampling cycles, and the exceedance is not lower than the offset confirmation lower limit, the current load switching operation data is deemed to meet the load switching criteria. The module uses the sampling time at which the load switching criteria are first met as the load switching anchor point. The number of consecutive control sampling cycles is formed by the control sampling cycle, the main circulation flow meter refresh cycle, and the bypass branch flow meter refresh cycle, preferably 3 to 5 control sampling cycles. The stable distribution range is preferably the maximum and minimum range of the main circulation flow and bypass ratio within a historical stable segment, or the upper and lower limits formed by the average of historical stable segments and the allowable fluctuation range, where the allowable fluctuation range is not less than the minimum identifiable change of the corresponding flow meter. Historical stable segments in the data verification stage are not included in the formation of the stable operating range. When historical stable segments are insufficient, the stable operating condition records during the system commissioning phase are used to form the initial judgment conditions.

[0032] The start / stop status of the heat exchanger is used to confirm the operating scenario corresponding to the load switching operation data. It does not trigger the load switching anchor point separately. When the start / stop status of the heat exchanger is inconsistent with the continuous offset direction of the main circulation flow or the bypass ratio, the module writes the inconsistency into the load switching observation record and continues to identify the load switching anchor point based on the continuous offset of the main circulation flow and the bypass ratio in the continuous confirmation cycle. The load switching observation record with the inconsistency record is not used as a historical stable segment.

[0033] After the load switching anchor point is formed, the load switching anchor point is used as the starting point of the bypass control segment. The bypass control segment is maintained in an online rolling manner. When a new load switching anchor point appears, the bypass control segment reaches the control window termination time, or the maximum allowable reaction observation time is reached, the module closes the current bypass control segment and generates a bypass control segment with a segment number. The maximum allowable reaction observation time is formed by the effective volume of the electrochemical reactor, the design flow rate of the bypass branch, and the mixing delay of the main pipe. The mixing delay of the main pipe is formed by the pipeline volume between the bypass return water point and the main pipe monitoring point, the main circulation flow rate, and the step response record during the system commissioning phase. Preferably, the maximum allowable reaction observation time is the sum of the reactor design residence time and the mixing delay of the main pipe, and rounded up according to the control sampling cycle. After the current bypass control segment is closed, no new water quality feedback is absorbed.

[0034] Within the bypass control segment, the effective volume of the electrochemical reactor, the bypass branch flow sequence, the electrochemical controller output current sequence, voltage records, conductivity records, electrode operating status records, and equipment protection status records are read. The bypass branch flow is accumulated according to the start and end times of the bypass control segment to obtain the cumulative bypass flow rate. The module accumulates the current records of the electrochemical controller in an effective output state over time to obtain the cumulative charge input. During the electrode cleaning stage, the current records for this stage do not participate in the formation of the cumulative charge input. When the electrode cleaning stage still has an electrochemical treatment effect, the effective action coefficient determined by the electrode status records is converted into an equivalent effective current input. During pulsed or intermittent output, only the current input within the effective output pulse width is accumulated. Current records corresponding to equipment protection, shutdown, overcurrent protection, or abnormal electrode states do not participate in the formation of the cumulative charge input. Voltage records, conductivity records, and electrode operating status records are used to correct the effective action coefficient. The effective action coefficient is derived from equipment commissioning records and historical capture closed segments, and its value is greater than 0 and not greater than 1.

[0035] The actual residence time is determined based on the relationship between the effective volume of the electrochemical reactor, the duration of the bypass control segment, and the cumulative bypass flow. The module divides the cumulative bypass flow by the segment duration to obtain the segment average bypass flow rate, and then divides the effective volume of the electrochemical reactor by the segment average bypass flow rate to obtain the nominal hydraulic residence time. The nominal hydraulic residence time is then corrected using a residence correction factor derived from tracer records, step response records, or historical captured closed segments during reactor commissioning to obtain the actual residence time. The residence correction factor characterizes the impact of reactor flow pattern, short-circuit flow, dead zone, recirculation zone, and electrode arrangement on hydraulic residence. When tracer records or step response records are missing, the residence correction factor uses the default value confirmed during the system commissioning phase. This default value is only used during the initial operation phase and does not participate in the independent determination of normal control baseline write-back permission.

[0036] The charge per unit volume is determined by the relationship between the cumulative charge input and the cumulative bypass flow. The module divides the cumulative charge input by the cumulative bypass flow to obtain the charge per unit volume. When the duration of the bypass control segment is less than two control sampling cycles, the cumulative bypass flow is less than the lower limit of the effective cumulative amount of the flow meter, or the cumulative charge input is less than the lower limit of the effective cumulative charge, the module terminates the charge dwell registration process of the current bypass control segment and records the bypass dwell drift state as charge dwell mismatch. The lower limit of the effective cumulative amount of the flow meter is formed by the flow meter resolution, the design flow rate of the bypass branch, and the control sampling cycle. The lower limit of the effective cumulative charge is formed by the minimum stable current of the electrochemical controller, the duration of the bypass control segment, the rated output range of the equipment, and the equipment commissioning records.

[0037] After the actual residence time and charge per unit volume of water both meet the effective lower limit, the actual residence time, charge per unit volume of water, and reference values ​​under the same operating conditions are subjected to charge-residence registration processing to generate a bypass charge-residence matching segment. The reference values ​​under the same operating conditions include the reference residence time and reference charge per unit volume of water under the same operating conditions. Both are derived from historical stable segments that have obtained normal control baseline write-back permission, completed scale collection closure, and did not hit the backwash propagation isolation window during previous operation, and are both higher than the corresponding effective lower limit. When the historical stable segments are insufficient, qualified processed segments from the system commissioning phase are used to form the initial reference value. After the historical stable segments meet the minimum sample requirements, the historical stable segments are used to update the reference values ​​under the same operating conditions. The minimum sample requirements are formed by the control sampling cycle, the maximum allowable reaction observation time, and the number of complete bypass control segments closed under the same load level.

[0038] The charge residence registration process includes residence time deviation calculation, unit water volume charge deviation calculation, and charge residence coupling deviation calculation. For residence time deviation calculation, the module calculates a dimensionless ratio between the current actual residence time and the reference residence time under the same operating conditions, and takes the absolute value of the natural logarithm of this ratio to obtain the residence time deviation result. For unit water volume charge deviation calculation, the module calculates a dimensionless ratio between the current unit water volume charge and the reference unit water volume charge under the same operating conditions, and takes the absolute value of the natural logarithm of this ratio to obtain the unit water volume charge deviation result. For charge residence coupling deviation calculation, the module divides the unit water volume charge by the actual residence time to obtain the charge exposure intensity per unit residence time; then, it calculates a dimensionless ratio between the charge exposure intensity of the current segment and the charge exposure intensity of the reference segment under the same operating conditions, and takes the absolute value of the natural logarithm of this ratio to obtain the charge residence coupling deviation result. When the actual residence time is lower than the corresponding effective lower limit, charge residence coupling deviation calculation is not performed, and the sidestream residence drift state is recorded as charge residence mismatch.

[0039] The module adds the residence time deviation result, the unit water volume charge deviation result corrected by the charge deviation weight, and the charge residence coupling deviation result corrected by the charge residence coupling deviation weight to obtain the charge residence deviation amount. The charge deviation weight is preferably 0.2 to 0.6, and the charge residence coupling deviation weight is preferably 0.3 to 0.8. Both are dimensionless correction coefficients and are not used as probability weights. The charge deviation weight is used to correct the contribution of the unit water volume charge deviation result to the charge residence deviation amount, and the charge residence coupling deviation weight is used to correct the contribution of the charge residence coupling deviation result to the charge residence deviation amount. The two weights are formed by the degree of separability between the captured closed segment and the captured unclosed segment in the historical review segment. Specifically, candidate weight combinations are selected within the corresponding preferred range, and the charge residence deviation amount of each historical review segment is calculated respectively. The weight combination that minimizes the number of misclassifications between the captured closed segment and the captured unclosed segment and prevents the segment to be confirmed from entering the normal control benchmark write-back permission is selected as the current weight. When there are insufficient historical review segments, the qualified processing segments and abnormal processing segments in the system debugging stage are used to form the initial weight.

[0040] The charge residence deviation is used as the normalized denominator, and the reciprocal of the normalized denominator is used as the charge residence matching degree. The charge residence matching degree is greater than 0 and not greater than 1. It is only used for the boundary verification of the bypass treatment and is not used as the current compensation amount. The bypass charge residence matching segment record includes segment number, load switching anchor point, segment start and end time, actual residence time, charge amount per unit water volume, charge residence matching degree, and bypass residence drift state.

[0041] The bypass treatment boundary is formed by the residence time boundary, the unit water charge boundary, and the charge-residence matching degree boundary. The residence time boundary is derived from the effective volume of the electrochemical reactor, the design flow rate of the bypass branch, and historical stable segments. The unit water charge boundary is derived from the rated current range of the equipment, the design flow rate of the bypass branch, and historical stable segments. The charge-residence matching degree boundary is derived from the lowest effective charge-residence matching degree in the historical stable segments that have obtained permission to write back to the normal control baseline. Historical stable segments with data pending verification are not included in the formation of this boundary.

[0042] When historical stable segments are insufficient, the residence time boundary adopts the qualified treatment record during the system commissioning phase, the unit water volume charge boundary adopts the conversion result of rated current and design bypass flow rate, and the charge residence matching degree boundary adopts the lowest effective matching degree of the qualified treatment segment during the system commissioning phase. The load switching judgment condition, effective maintenance time, maximum allowable response observation time, effective lower limit, reference value under the same operating conditions, and bypass treatment boundary are all formed around historical stable segments, equipment commissioning records, instrument identifiable changes, and control sampling cycle.

[0043] The bypass charge residence matching segment is compared with the bypass treatment boundary to generate a bypass residence drift state. When the actual residence time is lower than the lower limit of the residence time boundary, the bypass residence drift state is recorded as insufficient residence drift; when the actual residence time is higher than the upper limit of the residence time boundary, the bypass residence drift state is recorded as excessive residence drift; when the actual residence time falls within the residence time boundary but the charge per unit volume or the charge residence matching degree does not fall within the corresponding boundary, the bypass residence drift state is recorded as charge residence mismatch; when the actual residence time, charge per unit volume, and charge residence matching degree all fall within the bypass treatment boundary, the bypass residence drift state is recorded as no drift. The bypass residence drift state is written into the bypass charge residence matching segment and transmitted to the scale collection and identification module along with the segment number, load switching anchor point, segment start and end time, actual residence time, charge per unit volume, and charge residence matching degree.

[0044] When the scale collection and identification module calls the bypass charge residence matching segment, it uses the segment number, load switching anchor point, segment start and end time, actual residence time, unit water volume charge, charge residence matching degree, and bypass residence drift status generated by the bypass matching construction module. When the bypass residence drift status is not drifted, the scale collection and identification module continues to perform particle generation acceptance and bypass filtration interception acceptance verification. Otherwise, the scale collection and identification module retains particle feedback records and bypass filtration feedback records, but does not take the lack of decrease in main pipe hardness as evidence of insufficient current, and transmits the corresponding bypass residence drift status to the source competition control module.

[0045] The scale collection and identification module is used to receive the side current charge residence matching segment output by the side current matching construction module. After the side current charge residence matching segment falls into the side current processing boundary, it performs a connection verification on the particle feedback and side filter interception feedback after charge input, and generates a scale collection closure state. The scale collection closure state is used to represent the connection result between particle generation feedback and side filter interception feedback within the same side current charge residence matching segment. Its state values ​​include collection closure, collection not closed, insufficient particle generation, and collection pending confirmation.

[0046] After acquiring the bypass charge residence matching segment, the segment number, load switching anchor point, segment start and end time, unit water volume charge, charge residence matching degree, and bypass residence drift state are read. The segment number is used to limit the object attribution of particle feedback and bypass filtration interception feedback. The segment start and end time is used to limit the time boundary of particle feedback and bypass filtration interception feedback. The unit water volume charge is used to provide the charge action basis for particle generation feedback. The bypass residence drift state is used to control the acceptance verification admission of this step. When the bypass residence drift state is not drifting, particle generation acceptance and bypass filtration interception acceptance verification are performed. When the bypass residence drift state is insufficient residence drift, excessive residence drift, or charge residence mismatch, the scale collection identification module records the scale collection closure state as collection pending confirmation and transmits the bypass residence drift state to the source competition control module. The result that the hardness of the main pipe has not decreased is not used as the basis for determining that scale has not formed.

[0047] The effective charge input period is formed based on the effective current input corresponding to the bypass charge residence matching segment. The effective charge input period is determined by the start and end times of the effective current input being in an effective output state within the same bypass charge residence matching segment. The scale collection and identification module forms a particle generation acceptance window based on the effective charge input period, actual residence time, electrochemical particle generation delay, particle desorption delay, reactor response dispersion, and control sampling cycle. The electrochemical particle generation delay characterizes the response hysteresis caused by nucleation, growth, flocculation, and electrode surface desorption. The particle desorption delay characterizes the delay in the entry of electrode surface deposits into the effluent side observation position. Both are derived from equipment debugging records, historical collection closure segments, or particle response records confirmed by post-verification. The initial boundary of the particle generation acceptance window is formed by the start time of the effective charge input period, the lower limit of the actual residence time, and the lower limit of the electrochemical particle generation delay. The ending boundary is formed by the end time of the effective charge input period, the upper limit of the actual residence time, the upper limit of the electrochemical particle generation delay, and the upper limit of the particle desorption delay, and the boundaries are rounded according to the control sampling cycle. When the flow rate of the bypass branch fluctuates, the scale collection and identification module reconstructs the actual residence time range based on the flow rate change of the bypass branch within the same bypass charge residence matching segment, and updates the end boundary of the particle generation and receiving window accordingly.

[0048] Particle feedback originates from online particle observation records on the effluent side of the electrochemical reactor. These records include at least one of turbidity change records, particle number change records, and online suspended solids estimation records. These records provide evidence of particle generation after charge input and cannot be used alone as a conclusion of trapping closure. When multiple online particle observation records are available simultaneously, the scale trapping identification module selects those falling within the same particle generation acceptance window, belonging to the same segment number, and with non-conflicting response directions for particle generation acceptance verification. If multiple online particle observation records cannot belong to the same bypass charge residence matching segment, or if their response directions conflict, the scale trapping identification module records the scale trapping closure status as trapping pending confirmation.

[0049] Before performing particle generation acceptance verification, the scale collection and identification module reads the water replenishment record, sewage discharge record, chemical dosing record, circulating pump frequency change record, side filter operation cycle record, and main circulation mixing state record, and generates an external disturbance exclusion marker. When there are disturbances such as water replenishment disturbance, sewage discharge disturbance, chemical dosing disturbance, pump frequency change, natural pressure difference increase at the end of the side filter cycle, or main pipe mixing state change during the particle rise stage or the corresponding time period of side filter interception feedback, the scale collection and identification module does not directly use the corresponding online particle observation record as particle generation feedback, and records the scale collection closure state as collection pending confirmation. Before the online change of the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the side filter is included in the side filter interception feedback judgment, it is normalized according to the flow rate of the side flow branch in the same segment; online records or post-verification records of calcium hardness, alkalinity, conductivity, and pH are used to confirm the trend of treatment effect, and are not used as the basis for triggering the limit flow increase command alone.

[0050] The online particle observation records on the effluent side of the electrochemical reactor are compared with the particle generation acceptance window. When the online particle observation record is within the particle generation acceptance window, and a particle rising segment that meets the particle feedback judgment conditions is formed relative to the stable record of the same measuring point before the load switching anchor point, and the starting time of the particle rising segment falls within the particle generation acceptance window, particle generation feedback is generated. Online particle observation records that do not meet the particle generation feedback generation conditions are not considered as particle generation feedback. The peak time of particle generation feedback is the first sampling time when the particle rising segment reaches the maximum online observation value. When the particle rising segment forms a plateau response, the starting time of the plateau is taken as the peak time.

[0051] Stable records at the same measuring point before the load switching anchor point are used to form the basis for pre-segment particle observation. Particle feedback judgment conditions are formed by historical capture closed segments, identifiable changes in particle observation instruments, and particle feedback records from the system commissioning phase. Particle feedback judgment conditions include amplitude change conditions, duration conditions, and charge response consistency conditions. The amplitude change condition uses the same dimensions as the online particle observation records, and its threshold is not lower than the identifiable change in particle observation instruments. Preferably, it uses the larger of the lower quartile of the particle rise amplitude in the historical capture closed segment and the identifiable change in particle observation instruments. The duration condition is expressed by time or the number of control sampling cycles, preferably 2 to 4 consecutive control sampling cycles. The charge response consistency condition is used to confirm that the charge per unit volume of water corresponding to the particle rise segment is not lower than the allowable lower limit of the charge per unit volume of water under the same operating conditions. When the number of historical capture closed segments is insufficient, the scale collection identification module uses particle feedback records from the system commissioning phase to form initial particle feedback judgment conditions. The initial particle feedback judgment conditions are only used for the initial identification of particle generation feedback and are not used as an independent basis for permission to rewrite the normal control baseline.

[0052] After particle generation feedback is established, the peak moment of particle generation feedback is used as the acceptance benchmark. This is combined with the effective volume of the bypass filter, the flow rate of the bypass branch, the pipeline volume between the reactor effluent and the bypass filter inlet, pipeline transfer correction records, and the control sampling period to form the bypass filter interception acceptance window. The bypass filter interception acceptance window is a time window. Its initial boundary is formed by the peak moment of particle generation feedback and the earliest pipeline acceptance boundary, while its ending boundary is formed by the peak moment of particle generation feedback, the latest pipeline acceptance boundary, and the internal response time of the bypass filter. The earliest and latest pipeline acceptance boundaries are derived from the pipeline volume between the reactor effluent and the bypass filter inlet, the bypass branch flow rate within the same bypass charge residence matching segment, and the step response record or tracer record during the pipeline commissioning phase. If a step response record or tracer record is missing, the nominal transfer time is formed using the pipeline volume and the bypass branch flow rate, and corrected using the pipeline transfer correction coefficient formed during the system commissioning phase. The internal response time of the bypass filter comes from the bypass filter commissioning record, equipment response record, or the bypass side response delay in the historical capture closed segment. When the flow rate of the bypass branch fluctuates, the scale capture identification module re-forms the pipeline acceptance boundary according to the actual flow rate of the bypass branch within the same bypass charge residence matching segment, and updates the end boundary of the bypass filter interception acceptance window accordingly.

[0053] The scale collection and identification module performs window comparison and segment attribution verification on the side filter interception feedback. The segment attribution verification is used to confirm whether the side filter interception feedback and the particle generation feedback belong to the same side flow charge residence matching segment. When the side filter serves multiple side flow branches, the segment attribution verification also includes the consistency verification of the side flow branch identification.

[0054] The side-stream filter interception feedback originates from at least one of the following: online changes in the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the side-stream filter, online interception status records of the solid-liquid separation unit, and online discharge solids volume records that can be bound to the current side-stream charge residence matching segment. The side-stream filter interception feedback is used to provide evidence of the acceptance of particle generation feedback after it enters the side-stream filter interception chain. It cannot be used as a water quality improvement result on its own. The discharge statistics records, test records, and on-site supplementary records formed after the delay are only used as post-verification records and do not participate in the generation process of the scale capture closure state of the current segment. When multiple side-stream filter interception feedbacks are available at the same time, the side-stream filter interception feedback that falls into the same side-stream filter interception acceptance window, belongs to the same segment number, has the same side-stream branch identification, and whose response direction does not conflict is selected to participate in the acceptance verification. When multiple side-stream filter interception feedbacks cannot belong to the same side-stream charge residence matching segment, or when their response directions conflict with each other, the scale capture identification module records the scale capture closure state as capture pending confirmation.

[0055] The particle generation acceptance window, the bypass filter interception acceptance window, the particle feedback judgment condition, and the segment attribution verification are all formed around the same bypass charge residence matching segment, and share the control sampling period, equipment debugging records, and historical capture closed segments as the calibration basis. The particle generation acceptance window is used for the time admission of particle feedback, the bypass filter interception acceptance window is used for the time admission of bypass filter interception feedback, the segment attribution verification is used for the object admission of bypass filter interception feedback, the particle feedback judgment condition is used for the amplitude and duration admission of the particle rising segment, and the feedback missing measurement and sampling delay are used for the capture of the unconfirmed shunt. Among them, the feedback missing measurement is judged based on the fact that the corresponding online record has not been updated after the data valid retention time, and the sampling delay is judged based on whether the offset between the online record timestamp and the control sampling time exceeds the delay tolerance boundary. The data valid retention time and the delay tolerance boundary are both formed by the sampling period of the corresponding online record, the remote communication refresh period, and the control sampling period.

[0056] The scale trapping closed state is generated in the order of first admission, then acceptance, and then diversion. In cases where the side flow residence drift state is not non-drifting, feedback is missing, sampling is delayed, backwash event records fall into the particle generation acceptance window or the side filter interception acceptance window, and multi-source feedback cannot be attributed to the same side flow charge residence matching segment, the scale trapping closed state is preferentially recorded as trapping pending confirmation. The trapping closed state, trapping not closed state, or particle generation is insufficient, and the trapping pending confirmation condition is not hit, the particle generation acceptance window and the side filter interception acceptance window are considered closed after the corresponding window end time is reached. The scale trapping closed state is generated after both the particle generation acceptance window and the side filter interception acceptance window are closed.

[0057] If the capture confirmation condition is not met and the side-filter interception feedback falls into the side-filter interception receiving window, and belongs to the same side-flow charge residence matching segment as the particle generation feedback, the scale capture closure state is recorded as capture closure. If the capture confirmation condition is not met and particle generation feedback has been generated, but no side-filter interception feedback of the same segment is formed after the side-filter interception receiving window is closed, the scale capture identification module records the scale capture closure state as capture not closed. If the capture confirmation condition is not met and no particle generation feedback is generated, and the side-flow residence drift state is not drifting, the scale capture identification module records the scale capture closure state as insufficient particle generation. When the backwash event record falls into the particle generation receiving window or the side-filter interception receiving window, the scale capture identification module marks the corresponding feedback as backwash associated feedback and transmits the backwash associated feedback to the backwash disturbance isolation module along with the segment number. Before the backwash disturbance isolation module completes the isolation judgment, the backwash associated feedback is not used as evidence of capture closure.

[0058] After the scale trapping closure state is formed, the scale trapping identification module writes the segment number, particle generation feedback, side-filter interception feedback, particle generation acceptance window, side-filter interception acceptance window, scale trapping closure state, and backwash correlation feedback into the subsequent state field of the side-flow charge residence matching segment. When the scale trapping closure state is "trapping closed," it enters the source competition control module as a candidate source state where electrochemical action has been formed and particles have been intercepted and accepted by the side filter. When the scale trapping closure state is "trapping not closed," it enters the source competition control module as a candidate source state where scale has been generated but the trapping chain is not closed. When the scale trapping closure state is "insufficient particle generation," it enters the source competition control module as a candidate source state where electrochemical action is insufficient. When the scale trapping closure state is "trapping pending confirmation," it is transmitted to the source competition control module with the trapping pending confirmation state, without triggering the normal control baseline write-back permission.

[0059] The backwash disturbance isolation module receives the bypass charge residence matching segment, backwash associated feedback, and scale collection closure status output by the scale collection identification module, and reads the bypass filter backwash event. The backwash disturbance isolation module constructs a backwash propagation isolation window based on the bypass filter backwash event, performs source isolation processing on the feedback fluctuations after backwashing within the backwash propagation isolation window, and generates a backwash disturbance release status. The backwash disturbance release status indicates whether the feedback fluctuations within the same bypass charge residence matching segment originate from the bypass filter backwash release. Its status values ​​include backwash disturbance release, non-backwash disturbance, and backwash pending confirmation.

[0060] After the backwash disturbance isolation module acquires the bypass filter backwash event, it reads the backwash start time, backwash end time, backwash valve group status, sewage path status, and bypass filter reset status. The bypass charge residence matching segment is used to limit the segment attribution of the feedback fluctuation after backwash. The backwash associated feedback is used to limit the feedback object to be isolated transferred by the scale collection identification module. The scale collection closure status is used to indicate the collection acceptance result formed in the scale collection identification module. The backwash start time is used to record the duration interval of the bypass filter backwash event. The backwash end time and bypass filter reset status are used to form the basis for backwash propagation calculation. The backwash valve group status and sewage path status are used to confirm whether the feedback fluctuation belongs to the backwash process of the corresponding bypass filter.

[0061] The backwash disturbance isolation module confirms the backwash end time and the side filter reset confirmation time in the side filter backwash event. When both are confirmed, the later time is taken as the backwash propagation start time, and a backwash propagation isolation window is formed based on the transmission time from the side filter to the feedback monitoring point and the control sampling period. When neither is confirmed, the backwash disturbance release state is recorded as backwash pending confirmation.

[0062] Feedback monitoring points include at least one of the following: a side-filter differential pressure monitoring point, a side-filter outlet particle monitoring point, and a main pipeline online water quality monitoring point. The backwash propagation isolation window is a time window used to limit the time access range of feedback fluctuations after backwashing. When different feedback monitoring points have different pipeline locations or sampling cycles, the start and end boundaries of the corresponding feedback monitoring point are recorded within the backwash propagation isolation window. The starting boundary of the backwash propagation isolation window is formed by the backwash propagation start time and the shortest transmission time of the corresponding feedback monitoring point, and the ending boundary is formed by the backwash propagation start time, the longest transmission time of the corresponding feedback monitoring point, and the response delay of the feedback monitoring point. The shortest transmission time and the longest transmission time are formed by the pipeline volume between the side-filter and the feedback monitoring point and the flow rate of the side-flow branch that can be used to form the transmission time within the same side-flow charge residence matching segment. When the feedback monitoring point is a main pipeline online water quality monitoring point, the shortest transmission time and the longest transmission time are also combined with the main pipeline mixing delay.

[0063] The feedback fluctuations after a side-filter backwash event originate from online feedback records, including at least one of the following: side-filter inlet and outlet pressure difference recovery records, side-filter outlet particle observation records, and main pipeline online water quality index fluctuation records. Delayed laboratory records, offline statistical records, and on-site supplementary records are only used as post-verification records and do not participate in the generation process of the current segment's backwash disturbance release state. The backwash disturbance isolation module compares the feedback fluctuations after a side-filter backwash event with the backwash propagation isolation window, takes the feedback fluctuations falling into the backwash propagation isolation window as the feedback fluctuations after backwashing, and performs segment attribution verification according to the segment number and the side-flow branch identifier. For the main pipeline online water quality index fluctuation records, the attribution relationship between the records and the current side-flow branch is also confirmed based on the side-filter identifier, the side-flow return point, and the backwash propagation isolation window.

[0064] The backwash disturbance isolation module performs feedback direction verification on the feedback fluctuations after backwashing belonging to the same bypass charge residence matching segment. The bypass filter inlet and outlet pressure difference recovery record is used to confirm the pressure difference drop or reset after backwashing and serves as an auxiliary basis for the completion of the bypass filter backwashing process. The bypass filter outlet particle observation record is used to confirm the rise and fall of particles after backwashing. The main pipeline online water quality index fluctuation record is used to confirm the rise of water quality index after backwashing and its fall before the backwash propagation isolation window closes. Different feedback record types are judged according to their corresponding dimensions, and the pressure difference, particle observation value and water quality index are not directly summed.

[0065] When a feedback fluctuation occurs after backwashing, such as a rise and fall, in the particle observation record at the outlet of the side filter or the online water quality index fluctuation record in the main pipe, and this feedback fluctuation is time-sequential with the side filter backwash event, the side filter reset status, and the segment attribution verification result, the backwash disturbance isolation module records the backwash disturbance release status as backwash disturbance release. The side filter inlet and outlet pressure difference recovery record is only used to assist in confirming the completion of the backwash process and the side filter reset, and does not trigger the backwash disturbance release status independently. Only when there is a pressure difference fall or pressure difference reset, and the configured side filter outlet particle observation record and the online water quality index fluctuation record in the main pipe do not form a feedback fluctuation after backwashing, the backwash disturbance release status is recorded as non-backwash disturbance, provided that there are no missing measurements in the online records and no sampling delay.

[0066] The feedback direction determination criteria are formed by historical backwash event records, bypass filter equipment commissioning records, identifiable changes at feedback monitoring points, and control sampling cycles. When historical backwash event records are insufficient, the backwash response records during the bypass filter commissioning phase are used to form the initial determination criteria. The initial determination criteria are only used for the initial identification of the backwash disturbance release state and are not used as the basis for rewriting back to the normal control baseline. The backwash disturbance release state generated within the current control cycle is not used to update the feedback direction determination criteria within the same control cycle.

[0067] The missing feedback is judged based on whether the corresponding online feedback record has not been updated after the data validity retention period. The sampling delay is judged based on whether the offset between the timestamp of the online feedback record and the control sampling time exceeds the delay tolerance boundary. The data validity retention period and the delay tolerance boundary are formed by the sampling period of the corresponding online feedback record, the remote communication refresh period and the control sampling period. When there is a missing feedback, sampling delay, unconfirmed segment number, unconfirmed bypass branch identifier, or the bypass branch flow cannot be used to form the transmission time, the backwash disturbance isolation module records the backwash disturbance release status as backwash pending confirmation.

[0068] After the backwash propagation isolation window closes, the backwash disturbance isolation module generates a backwash disturbance release status. If the backwash confirmation condition is not met, and the feedback fluctuation after the side-filtered backwash event does not fall into the backwash propagation isolation window, the backwash disturbance release status is recorded as non-backwash disturbance. If it falls into the backwash propagation isolation window and satisfies the fragment attribution verification and feedback direction verification, the backwash disturbance release status is recorded as backwash disturbance release. If it falls into the backwash propagation isolation window but does not satisfy the feedback direction verification, and the online feedback record is not missing or the sampling is not delayed, the backwash disturbance release status is recorded as non-backwash disturbance. When the backwash propagation isolation window has not yet closed, the backwash disturbance isolation module only records the feedback fluctuation after backwashing and does not output a backwash disturbance release or non-backwash disturbance conclusion.

[0069] After the backwash disturbance release state is formed, the backwash disturbance isolation module writes the segment number, the side-stream backwash event, the backwash propagation isolation window, the backwash associated feedback, the feedback fluctuation after backwash, and the backwash disturbance release state into the subsequent state field of the side-stream charge residence matching segment. When the backwash disturbance release state is backwash disturbance release, the source competition control module treats the corresponding feedback fluctuation as the source of backwash release and does not regard the feedback fluctuation as direct evidence of insufficient electrochemical action or unclosed trapping. When the backwash disturbance release state is non-backwash disturbance, the backwash disturbance isolation module releases the freeze mark of the corresponding backwash associated feedback and sends the feedback fluctuation carrying the segment number, side-stream branch identifier, and feedback formation time back to the scale trapping identification module. If the scale trapping identification module can still complete the object attribution in the original particle generation receiving window or the side-stream interception receiving window, it continues to perform the diversion judgment of trapping closure, unclosed trapping, or insufficient particle generation. If the object attribution cannot be completed, the scale trapping closure state is recorded as trapping pending confirmation. The result after completing the diversion judgment is then entered into the source competition control module.

[0070] The source contention control module receives the bypass dwell drift state output by the bypass matching construction module, the scale trapping closure state output by the scale trapping identification module, and the backwash disturbance release state output by the backwash disturbance isolation module. Based on these three states, it forms candidate source states. The candidate source states represent the source type of the feedback state within the same bypass charge dwell matching segment and are used for subsequent execution of source priority discrimination, reference write permission determination, restricted electrochemical control command output, and normal control reference write-back permission output.

[0071] The source contention control module reads the segment number, bypass branch identifier, and state generation time corresponding to the bypass flow dwell drift state and scale collection closure state. For bypass flow charge dwell matching segments with bypass filter backwash events or backwash-related feedback, the source contention control module reads the backwash disturbance release state and its corresponding segment number, bypass branch identifier, and state generation time. For bypass flow charge dwell matching segments without bypass filter backwash events and without backwash-related feedback, the source contention control module records the backwash disturbance release state as a non-backwash disturbance and records the state generation time as the candidate source state formation time.

[0072] The source competition control module merges the sideflow dwell drift state, scale trap closure state, and backwash disturbance release state belonging to the same sideflow charge dwell matching segment into candidate source states based on segment number and sideflow branch identifier. The candidate source state records the main control source field, concurrent source field, and write-back prohibition reason field. The main control source field is formed according to the priority of backwash disturbance release state, sideflow dwell drift state, and scale trap closure state, and is used to determine the restricted electrochemical control command. The concurrent source field is used to record sideflow drift, trap failure, insufficient particle generation, or backwash-related feedback that exist simultaneously within the same segment but are not considered main control sources. The write-back prohibition reason field is used to record backwash pending confirmation, sideflow drift, trap failure, trap pending confirmation, final water quality not entering the allowable fluctuation range, state assignment failure, or window failure. If any state that should participate in the formation of candidate source states cannot complete the segment assignment, the source competition control module records the control source competition result as pending confirmation and writes the state assignment failure into the write-back prohibition reason field.

[0073] Except in cases where no side-filter backwashing event occurs and no backwashing correlation feedback is formed, if any state that should participate in the formation of candidate source state cannot complete the assignment of the same segment, the source contention control module will record the control source contention result as pending confirmation and exclude the corresponding segment from the normal control baseline update source. If there is backwashing correlation feedback but the backwashing disturbance release state has not yet been generated, the source contention control module will record the control source contention result as pending confirmation and restricted.

[0074] After the candidate source state is formed, the source competition control module performs source priority discrimination. The source priority discrimination is first performed based on the backwash disturbance release state. When the backwash disturbance release state is backwash disturbance release, the source competition control module records the control source competition result as a backwash release source and treats the corresponding feedback fluctuation as feedback caused by the side-filter backwash release. It does not take this feedback fluctuation as direct evidence of insufficient electrochemical action or incomplete trapping. When the backwash disturbance release state is backwash pending confirmation, the source competition control module records the control source competition result as pending confirmation and restricted. Only when the backwash disturbance release state is non-backwash disturbance, the source competition control module continues to perform discrimination based on the side-flow dwell drift state.

[0075] When the backwash disturbance release state is non-backwash disturbance, the source competition control module reads the bypass residence drift state in the same candidate source state. When the bypass residence drift state is not non-drift, the source competition control module records the control source competition result as bypass drift source and does not directly use the candidate source state as evidence of insufficient current. When the bypass residence drift state is non-drift, it indicates that the candidate source state has the basis for charge residence comparison. The source competition control module continues to perform collection discrimination based on the scale collection closure state.

[0076] After entering the capture discrimination stage, the source competition control module generates the control source competition result based on the scale capture closure status. When the scale capture closure status is capture closed, the source competition control module records the control source competition result as a normal closed source; when the scale capture closure status is capture not closed, the source competition control module records the control source competition result as capture not closed source and does not generate a limited upflow command based on the result that the hardness of the main pipe has not decreased; when the scale capture closure status is insufficient particle generation, the source competition control module records the control source competition result as a candidate for insufficient electrochemical effect; when the scale capture closure status is capture pending confirmation, the source competition control module records the control source competition result as pending confirmation and restricted.

[0077] After generating the source contention result, the source contention control module performs a baseline write permission determination. If the source contention result is a normal closed source, and both the particle generation acceptance window and the bypass filter interception acceptance window are closed, and the current bypass charge dwell matching segment has the same bypass branch identifier as the historical stable segment that formed the current normal control baseline and meets the same load switching determination condition, the source contention control module continues to determine the backwash propagation isolation window status. The particle generation acceptance window, the bypass filter interception acceptance window, and the backwash propagation isolation window all use the window closure results already formed by the previous module, and the source contention control module does not reset the window length.

[0078] The current normal control baseline includes control baselines formed from historical stable segments that have obtained permission to write back to the normal control baseline, and initial normal control baselines activated during the system commissioning phase when historical stable segments are insufficient. The initial normal control baseline is formed from qualified processing segments during the system commissioning phase. Qualified processing segments should meet the following requirements: no drift in the bypass flow, no hit on the backwash propagation isolation window, particle generation feedback and bypass filtration interception feedback can be completed within the same segment, main pipe water quality feedback is within the commissioning acceptance allowable range, and online records are complete with no missing measurements and no sampling delays. When historical stable segments are insufficient and the initial normal control baseline is activated, the bypass branch identifier and load switching judgment conditions recorded in the initial normal control baseline are used as the consistency verification basis, and the system is placed in a transitional operation state. The transitional operation state continues until at least three historical stable segments that have obtained permission to write back to the normal control baseline are formed under the same bypass branch and the same load switching judgment conditions, or until the preset transitional observation period ends. During transitional operation, the source contention control module allows the output of current maintenance commands, bypass ratio verification commands, bypass filter interception verification commands, and backwash recovery observation extension commands. When outputting the amplitude limiting current increase command, it adopts a single-cycle allowable ramp boundary lower than that of normal operation and does not update the normal control baseline based on individual segments. Segments that are pending confirmation of restricted sources, backwash release sources, bypass drift sources, unclosed capture sources, and those whose final water quality has not entered the allowable fluctuation range are not included in the current normal control baseline update. Historically stable segments that are marked as data pending verification, backwash correlation, bypass drift, or water quality exceeding limits in subsequent operations are removed from the normal control baseline update sources.

[0079] When a backwash event or backwash-related feedback occurs, the source contention control module will continue to output a normal control baseline write-back permission only if the backwash disturbance release state is non-backwash disturbance, the backwash propagation isolation window is closed, both the particle generation acceptance window and the side-filter interception acceptance window are closed, and the current main pipe water quality feedback does not exceed the allowable fluctuation range corresponding to the normal control baseline. If no side-filter backwash event occurs and no backwash-related feedback is formed, the source contention control module will use the non-backwash disturbance participation field, the window closure result, and the allowable fluctuation result of the main pipe water quality feedback as the baseline write-back permission determination conditions. The allowable fluctuation range of the main pipe water quality feedback is formed by historical stable segments that have obtained normal control baseline write-back permission, the identifiable changes of the main pipe online water quality instruments, and the control sampling period. Water quality feedback indicators include at least one of the following: main pipe hardness, turbidity, conductivity, pH, and calcium hardness. When multiple water quality indicators are available simultaneously, the source contention control module will use the water quality indicator corresponding to the current normal control baseline for comparison under the same operating conditions. Segments that do not enter the allowable fluctuation range will not enter the normal control baseline update chain. The main water quality feedback is only used as an additional confirmation condition for the normal control baseline write-back permission, and is not used as the basis for directly generating the limited flow increase command.

[0080] When the source competition result indicates insufficient electrochemical effect, the source competition control module reads the current normal control reference, the electrochemical controller's operating status, the device protection status, the device's rated output range, the single-cycle allowable ramp-up boundary, and the continuous insufficient count. If the current normal control reference has been established, and the electrochemical controller's operating status and device protection status indicate that the electrochemical controller is in an adjustable state, the source competition control module outputs a limiting current boost command. The limiting current boost command uses the current normal control reference as a reference starting point, and the single boost amount is the smaller of the remaining adjustable amount within the device's rated output range, the single-cycle allowable ramp-up boundary, and the preset current boost step size corresponding to the insufficient electrochemical effect candidate. The preset current boost step size is formed by the device's rated output range and the control sampling period, preferably 1% to 3% of the device's rated current, or the minimum stable adjustment step size allowed by the electrochemical controller. When multiple consecutive bypass charge retention matching segments are all recorded as candidates for insufficient electrochemical action, the source competition control module triggers a limited current increase sequentially according to the consecutive insufficient count, but the current change within any control cycle does not exceed the single-cycle allowable ramp-up boundary; after the consecutive insufficient count reaches the preset number of verifications, the source competition control module stops further current increase and outputs an electrochemical action verification mark. When a normal closed source is formed after the limited current increase and the main pipe water quality feedback enters the allowable fluctuation range, the source competition control module allows the formation of a new normal control benchmark write-back permission; when the limited current increase transitions to a bypass drift source, a captured unclosed source, a backwash release source, or a pending confirmation of limitation, the source competition control module maintains the current current or reverts to the current output corresponding to the most recent normal control benchmark, and does not output a normal control benchmark write-back permission.

[0081] When the source competition result indicates a normal closed source, the source competition control module continues to read the main pipeline online water quality feedback and compares the current main pipeline water quality feedback with the allowable fluctuation range corresponding to the current normal control baseline. The allowable fluctuation range is formed by the historical stable segment that has obtained the normal control baseline write-back permission, the identifiable change of the main pipeline online water quality instrument, and the control sampling period; if the historical stable segment is insufficient, the qualified processing segment from the system debugging phase is used to form the initial allowable fluctuation range. If the current main pipeline water quality feedback does not exceed the allowable fluctuation range, the particle generation acceptance window and the bypass filter interception acceptance window are both closed, the current bypass charge retention matching segment has the same bypass branch identifier as the historical stable segment that forms the current normal control baseline and meets the same load switching judgment condition, and the backwash propagation isolation window is closed when there is a bypass filter backwash event or backwash associated feedback, the source competition control module outputs the normal control baseline write-back permission; if any condition is not met, the source competition control module excludes the current segment from the normal control baseline update source.

[0082] When the source competition result indicates insufficient electrochemical effect, the source competition control module confirms whether the current normal control reference has been formed and reads the operating status of the electrochemical controller, the equipment protection status, the rated output range of the equipment, and the allowable ramp-up boundary of the electrochemical controller. If the current normal control reference has been formed and the electrochemical controller is in an allowable adjustment state, a limiting current ramp-up command is output. The limiting current ramp-up command takes the current normal control reference as the reference starting point and is constrained by the rated output range of the equipment and the maximum output change in adjacent control cycles. If the current normal control reference has not been formed or the electrochemical controller is not in an allowable adjustment state, a current holding command is output.

[0083] When the source competition result indicates a bypass drift, the source competition control module does not consider the main pipe water quality feedback as evidence of insufficient electrochemical action. Instead, it outputs a bypass ratio verification command or an observation window extension command based on the type of bypass drift state. Specifically, insufficient drift corresponds to verification of bypass branch flow rate, bypass valve position, or bypass pump frequency; excessive drift corresponds to verification of main circulation flow changes and a high bypass ratio; and charge drift mismatch corresponds to verification of the registration relationship between effective current input and cumulative bypass flow. These verification commands prompt the remote monitoring platform to verify the bypass branch operating conditions, without triggering a limit flow increase command or a normal control baseline write-back permission.

[0084] When the source contention result indicates that an unclosed source is being captured, the source contention control module confirms that particle generation feedback has been formed but the side-filter interception feedback for the same segment has not been formed. This segment is treated as a restricted segment where scale has formed but the side-filter interception chain is not closed, and a side-filter interception verification command is output. The side-filter interception verification command carries the segment number, side-flow branch identifier, peak particle generation feedback time, side-filter interception acceptance window, and missing side-filter interception feedback fields. It is used to drive the remote monitoring platform to verify the side-filter differential pressure, solid-liquid separation unit interception status, or online discharge solids volume record. In this state, no limit flow increase command is generated based on the main pipe water quality feedback, nor is a normal control baseline write-back permission output.

[0085] When the source contention result is a backwash release source, the source contention control module treats the corresponding feedback fluctuation as a release fluctuation after side-filter backwashing, outputs a backwash recovery observation extension command, and freezes the normal control baseline write-back permission for the current segment. The extension duration of the backwash recovery observation extension command is determined by the backwash propagation isolation window, the response delay of the feedback monitoring point, and historical backwash recovery records. During the extended observation period, the main pipe water quality feedback and side-filter outlet particle feedback formed do not enter the normal control baseline update source until both the backwash propagation isolation window and the extended observation window are closed, and a non-backwash disturbance state is re-established.

[0086] When the source contention result is "pending confirmation of limitation," the source contention control module outputs a current holding command and writes the corresponding segment into the segment to be reviewed record. The segment to be reviewed record carries the unconfirmed field, segment number, bypass branch identifier, and status generation time, for subsequent manual review or post-verification record completion. In the pending confirmation of limitation state, no amplitude limiting current increase command is output, and no normal control baseline write-back permission is output.

[0087] After the source competition result is formed, the source competition control module writes the segment number, bypass branch identifier, bypass dwell drift status, scale trapping closure status, backwash disturbance release status, control source competition result, restricted electrochemical control command, and normal control reference write-back permission into the subsequent status field of the current bypass charge dwell matching segment. When the normal control reference is called in subsequent control cycles, only the bypass charge dwell matching segments that have obtained the normal control reference write-back permission are called; bypass charge dwell matching segments that carry restricted, backwash release, bypass drift, or trapping unclosed sources are not used as normal control reference update sources.

[0088] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A remote monitoring system for electrochemical water treatment in industrial circulating water, characterized in that, include: The bypass matching construction module acquires load switching operation data, divides bypass control segments based on load switching anchor points, performs registration processing on the actual residence time and unit water charge in the bypass control segments, generates bypass charge residence matching segments, and generates bypass residence drift state based on the comparison between bypass charge residence matching segments and bypass processing boundaries. The scale collection and identification module performs a connection verification on the particle feedback and side-filter interception feedback after the charge retention matching segment falls into the side-flow processing boundary, and generates a scale collection closed state. The backwash disturbance isolation module constructs a backwash propagation isolation window based on the side-filtered backwash events, performs source isolation processing on the feedback fluctuations after backwashing within the isolation window, and generates a backwash disturbance release state; The source competition control module acquires candidate source states formed by the bypass flow dwell drift state, scale trapping closure state, and backwash disturbance release state. It performs source priority discrimination and baseline write permission determination on the candidate source states, generates control source competition results, and outputs restricted electrochemical control instructions and normal control baseline write permission according to the control source competition results.

2. The remote monitoring system for electrochemical water treatment of industrial circulating water according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific operation of dividing the bypass control segment by load switching anchor point is as follows: align the load switching operation data according to the execution time of the control sampling cycle, form the stable operating range of the main circulation flow and bypass ratio based on the historical stable segments that have obtained the permission to write back the normal control reference, and form the offset confirmation lower limit by combining the minimum identifiable change of the corresponding flow meter. When the current main circulation flow or the current bypass ratio exceeds the stable operating range for multiple consecutive control sampling cycles, and the excess is not lower than the offset confirmation lower limit, the load switching operation data is deemed to meet the load switching judgment condition. The sampling time when the load switching judgment condition is first met is taken as the load switching anchor point, and the load switching anchor point is taken as the starting point of the bypass control segment. The bypass control segment is closed when a new load switching anchor point appears, the bypass control segment reaches the control window termination time, or the maximum allowable reaction observation time is reached. The maximum allowable reaction observation time is formed by the effective volume of the electrochemical reactor, the design flow of the bypass branch, and the mixing delay of the main pipe.

3. The remote monitoring system for electrochemical water treatment of industrial circulating water according to claim 2, characterized in that, The specific operation for registering the actual residence time and unit water charge in the bypass control segment and generating the bypass residence drift state is as follows: within the bypass control segment, the flow rate and effective current input of the bypass branch are accumulated to generate the actual residence time and unit water charge. The actual residence time, unit water charge, and the reference value under the same operating conditions formed by the historical stable segment that has obtained the normal control reference write-back permission are subjected to charge residence registration processing to generate a bypass charge residence matching segment; the bypass charge residence matching segment is compared with the bypass processing boundary, and a bypass residence drift state of insufficient residence drift, excessive residence drift, charge residence mismatch, or no drift is generated according to the comparison result.

4. The remote monitoring system for electrochemical water treatment of industrial circulating water according to claim 3, characterized in that, The specific operation for performing acceptance verification on particle feedback after charge input is as follows: when the bypass drift state is not drifting, the effective charge input period is formed according to the effective current input corresponding to the bypass charge drift matching segment, and the particle generation acceptance window is formed with the effective charge input period as the starting point. The online particle observation records on the effluent side of the electrochemical reactor are compared with the particle generation acceptance window. When the online particle observation records form a particle rising segment that meets the particle feedback judgment conditions relative to the stable record of the same measuring point before the load switching anchor point within the particle generation acceptance window, and the starting time of the particle rising segment falls into the particle generation acceptance window, particle generation feedback is generated. Online particle observation records that do not meet the particle generation feedback generation conditions are not used as particle generation feedback.

5. The remote monitoring system for electrochemical water treatment of industrial circulating water according to claim 4, characterized in that, The specific operation for performing acceptance verification and generating scale trapping closure status for side-filter interception feedback is as follows: A side-filter interception acceptance window is formed with the peak time of particle generation feedback as the acceptance starting point, and window comparison and segment assignment verification are performed on the side-filter interception feedback; when the side-filter interception feedback falls into the side-filter interception acceptance window and belongs to the same side-flow charge residence matching segment as the particle generation feedback, the scale trapping closure status is recorded as trapping closure; when particle generation feedback has been generated but no side-filter interception feedback of the same segment is formed after the side-filter interception acceptance window is closed, it is recorded as trapping not closed; when no particle generation feedback is generated and the side-flow residence drift status is not drifting, it is recorded as insufficient particle generation; when feedback is missing, sampling is delayed, or backwashing events prevent the acceptance relationship of the same segment from being confirmed, it is recorded as trapping pending confirmation.

6. The remote monitoring system for electrochemical water treatment of industrial circulating water according to claim 5, characterized in that, The specific operation for constructing a backwash propagation isolation window based on the side filter backwash event is as follows: confirm the backwash end time and the side filter reset confirmation time in the side filter backwash event; when both are confirmed, the later time is used as the basis for window calculation, and the backwash propagation isolation window is formed based on the transmission time from the side filter to the feedback monitoring point and the control sampling period; when neither is confirmed at any time, the backwash disturbance release state is recorded as backwash pending confirmation.

7. The remote monitoring system for electrochemical water treatment of industrial circulating water according to claim 6, characterized in that, The specific operation for performing source isolation processing on feedback fluctuations after backwashing within the isolation window and generating backwash disturbance release status is as follows: The feedback fluctuations after the bypass backwashing event are compared with the backwash propagation isolation window. Feedback fluctuations falling into the backwash propagation isolation window are assigned according to segment number and bypass branch identifier. When the feedback fluctuations after backwashing belong to the same bypass charge residence matching segment and show a feedback direction that rises after backwashing and falls back to the backwash recovery judgment range before the backwash propagation isolation window closes, the backwash disturbance release status is recorded as backwash disturbance release. When the feedback fluctuations after backwashing have fallen into the backwash propagation isolation window but have not fallen back to the backwash recovery judgment range before the backwash propagation isolation window closes, and the feedback fluctuations still maintain a time continuity with the bypass backwashing event, the backwash disturbance release status is recorded as backwash pending confirmation, and a backwash recovery observation extension marker is output. When the feedback fluctuation after a bypass backwash event does not fall within the backwash propagation isolation window, the backwash disturbance release status is recorded as a non-backwash disturbance; when any of the following is not confirmed: feedback missing measurement, sampling delay, segment number, or bypass branch identification, the backwash disturbance release status is recorded as backwash pending confirmation.

8. The remote monitoring system for electrochemical water treatment of industrial circulating water according to claim 7, characterized in that, The candidate source state is formed as follows: after the bypass dwell drift state, scale trapping closure state and backwash disturbance release state are generated, the three types of states belonging to the same bypass charge dwell matching segment are merged into candidate source states according to the segment number and bypass branch identifier; when any state cannot complete the segment assignment, the control source competition result is recorded as pending confirmation and restricted, and no normal control baseline write-back permission is output.

9. The remote monitoring system for electrochemical water treatment of industrial circulating water according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method for determining the source priority is as follows: first, the backwash release source or the source to be confirmed is generated based on the backwash disturbance release status; when the backwash disturbance release status is non-backwash disturbance, the sidestream drift source is generated based on the sidestream dwell and drift status. When the sidestream stays in a drifting state and is not drifting, the normal closure source, the unclosed closure source, the insufficient electrochemical effect candidate, or the limited to be confirmed are generated based on the scale trapping closure state.

10. The remote monitoring system for electrochemical water treatment of industrial circulating water according to claim 9, characterized in that, The method for determining the write permission and control output of the baseline is as follows: when the control source competition result is a normal closed source, the corresponding window for particle generation and the corresponding window for bypass filtration interception are both closed, the current bypass charge retention matching segment has the same bypass branch identifier as the historical stable segment that forms the current normal control baseline and meets the same load switching judgment condition, and the current main pipe water quality feedback does not exceed the allowable fluctuation range corresponding to the normal control baseline, and when there is a bypass backwash event or backwash associated feedback and the corresponding window for backwash propagation is closed, the normal control baseline write permission is output. When the control source competition result is a candidate for insufficient electrochemical action, and the current normal control baseline has been established and the electrochemical controller is in an adjustable state, a limited current increase command is generated based on the current normal control baseline, the rated output range of the equipment, the single-cycle allowable ramp boundary, and the continuous insufficient count. The single increase in current of the limited current increase command does not exceed the smaller of the remaining adjustable amount within the rated output range of the equipment and the single-cycle allowable ramp boundary. When the control source competition result is a bypass drift source, a bypass ratio verification command or an observation window extension command is output, and the limited current increase command is prohibited from being output. When the control source competition result is a capture unclosed source, a bypass filter interception verification command is output, and the limited current increase command based on the main pipe water quality feedback is prohibited from being generated. When the control source competition result is a backwash release source, a backwash recovery observation extension command is output, and the normal control baseline write-back permission is frozen. When the control source competition result is a pending confirmation of limitation, a current hold command is output, and the normal control baseline write-back permission is not output.

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