Water distribution and air distribution device for biological aerated filter and using method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to a water and gas distribution device for a biological aerated filter and a use method, which comprises a water distribution mechanism, a pipeline assembly and a medicine and gas supply device for connecting the pipeline assembly, and a plurality of gas distributors and medicine distributors are arranged on the pipeline assembly. The water and gas distribution device has the functions of gas distribution and medicine distribution by arranging the plurality of gas distributors and medicine distributors in the pipeline network and relying on the pipeline assembly. When the pipeline has gas, the medicine distribution function is closed, so that the gas is distributed from the gas distributors with smaller apertures; when the pipeline has liquid, the gas distribution function is closed, so that the granular substances are prevented from blocking the gas distributors. The device can uniformly disperse the medicine solution into the filter, does not cause large-area disturbance, and is beneficial to adding liquid substances into the filter under special use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of wastewater treatment, specifically relating to a water and air distribution device for an aerated biological filter and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] The operating principle of an aerated biological filter is to fill the filter with a certain amount of small-diameter granular filter media. A highly active biofilm grows on the surface of the filter media, and the filter is aerated inside. When sewage flows through, the high-concentration biofilm attached to the high specific surface area of ​​the filter media oxidizes and degrades the sewage. At the same time, the small particle size of the filter media and the bioflocculation effect of the biofilm intercept suspended solids in the sewage.

[0003] Existing aerated biological filters require air distributors, which are dispersed throughout the filter to distribute tiny air bubbles to increase the oxygen content in the wastewater. In some special applications (such as carbon source supplementation and phosphorus removal), chemical solutions also need to be added to the wastewater. Direct addition of chemicals requires stirring to ensure uniform mixing, but stirring can cause suspended solids to float up and filter media to break, making it difficult to evenly distribute the chemical solution throughout the biological filter. Existing air distributors only have the function of air distribution, so a device that integrates air distribution and chemical distribution is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a water and air distribution device and its usage method for an aerated biological filter that is simple in structure and reasonably designed in order to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above objectives through the following technical solutions: A water and air distribution device for an aerated biological filter includes a water distribution mechanism, a pipeline assembly, and a chemical and air supply device for connecting the pipeline assembly. The pipeline assembly is equipped with a plurality of air distributors and chemical distributors. The air distributor includes a housing, a single-hole air distribution membrane disposed on the housing, and an inner chamber opened inside the housing. A float valve is disposed in the inner chamber. One end of the inner chamber is connected to a pipe assembly, and the other end is provided with a concave hole leading to the single-hole air distribution membrane. The float valve closes the concave hole when subjected to buoyancy. The dosing device includes a housing, a locking mechanism disposed within the housing, and a dosing hole disposed on the housing. The dosing hole is connected to a pipeline assembly, and a sealing valve that is opened and closed by differential pressure is disposed within the connected channel. The locking mechanism is used to lock the sealing valve in the closed state and to unlock it when the liquid level in the pipeline assembly rises.

[0006] As a further preferred embodiment, the pipeline assembly includes a main pipeline and a three-way valve connected to one end of the main pipeline. The two inlets of the three-way valve are used to connect to a water supply device and an air supply device, respectively. The other end of the main pipeline extends into the filter tank, and the extending end is provided with several branch pipes for installing air distributors and medicine distributors. An air drain valve is also provided on the main pipeline.

[0007] As a further preferred embodiment, a spring is also provided in the inner cavity to prevent the float valve from closing the concave opening when there is a pressure difference between the upper and lower sides of the float valve, and a flange is provided on the surface of the float valve to receive the spring.

[0008] As a further preferred embodiment, one end of the inner chamber connecting pipe assembly is provided with a concave through groove.

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment, the outer shell is provided with an inner groove for connecting the pipe assembly, a sealing groove for connecting the drug delivery hole, and a connecting groove for connecting the inner groove and the sealing groove. The sealing valve is disposed in the sealing groove, and a side groove is provided on the side wall of the sealing groove near the drug delivery hole. A support guide rod for entering the side groove is provided on the sealing valve, and a filter screen is provided on the outside of the drug delivery hole.

[0010] As a further preferred embodiment, the support guide rod is an inverted L-shape, which is used to guide the sealing valve and prevent the sealing valve from closing the drug distribution hole. The sealing valve has a chamfer on one end edge facing the connecting groove so as to facilitate entering the sealing groove near the end of the connecting groove to close the connecting groove.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment, the locking mechanism includes a swing arm oscillating in the inner groove, an air float at the bottom end of the swing arm, a sliding groove on the side wall of the sealing groove, a sliding member for locking the sealing valve in the sliding groove, a sealing shaft at the shaft of the swing arm, the sealing shaft penetrating into the sliding groove, and a rotating member at the penetrating end, both the surfaces of the rotating member and the sliding member being provided with arc-shaped ramps to push the sliding member into the sealing groove to lock the sealing valve when the rotating member rotates, and an elastic rope for resetting the sliding member is also provided between the rotating member and the sliding member.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment, the water distribution mechanism includes a first water distribution component disposed below the air distributor and the medicine distributor, wherein multiple filter heads are disposed through the first water distribution component, and multiple baffles are disposed above the first water distribution component. A second water distribution component is disposed above the air distributor and the medicine distributor, and the second water distribution component is a mesh plate used for secondary distribution of the wastewater-medicine mixture or the wastewater-air mixture.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment, an angle adjustment mechanism is provided between the branch pipe and the main pipe. The angle adjustment mechanism includes a housing connected to the main pipe, a spiral blade disposed within the housing, a reciprocating screw and a slider disposed within the housing, a miniature reducer connected between the shaft of the reciprocating screw and the spiral blade, and a toggle element disposed on the slider for rotating the branch pipe. The branch pipe and the housing are rotatably connected by two sealed bearings, and an oblique protrusion strip matching the toggle element is disposed on the surface of the branch pipe between the two sealed bearings.

[0014] To implement the above-mentioned water and air distribution device, the present invention also proposes a method of using a water and air distribution device for an aerated biological filter based on any of the above-mentioned devices, comprising the following steps: S1: When air distribution is required, air is pumped into the pipeline assembly through the drug supply and air supply device. The locking mechanism in the drug distributor is not unlocked and the sealed valve is closed, so that the air passes through the distributor and enters the filter. S2: When chemical addition is required, the chemical is dissolved in the water and pumped into the pipeline assembly through the chemical supply and air supply device. The liquid level in the pipeline assembly rises, causing the locking mechanism to unlock the sealing valve. The sealing valve opens under pressure difference, distributing the chemical water into the filter tank. The float valve is buoyed and closes the air distributor to prevent the chemical water from clogging the single-hole air distribution membrane.

[0015] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: This invention incorporates multiple gas distributors and drug distributors within a pipeline network. The pipeline assembly can simultaneously perform both gas distribution and drug distribution functions. When gas is present in the pipeline, the drug distribution function is deactivated, allowing the gas to disperse through the smaller-aperture gas distributors. When liquid is present in the pipeline, the gas distribution function is deactivated to prevent particulate matter from clogging the gas distributors. This device can uniformly disperse the drug solution into the filter bed without causing large-area disturbance, which is beneficial for adding liquid substances to the filter bed for special applications. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a top view of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is the invention Figure 2 View from AA.

[0020] Figure 5 This is the invention Figure 2 BB-direction view.

[0021] Figure 6 This is the invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of the structure of section C.

[0022] Figure 7 This is the invention Figure 5 DD view.

[0023] Figure 8 This is the invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of the structure of section E in the middle.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the arc-shaped ramp of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the pipe distribution in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Drug and gas supply device; 2. Piping assembly; 21. Main pipe; 22. Three-way valve; 23. Exhaust valve; 24. Branch pipe; 25. Slanted raised strip; 3. Gas distributor; 31. Housing; 32. Inner chamber; 33. Float valve; 34. Flange; 35. Single-hole gas distribution membrane; 36. Concave hole; 37. Spring; 38. Fixing component; 4. Drug distributor; 41. Outer shell; 42. Inner groove; 43. Sealing groove; 44. Sealing valve; 45. Support guide rod; 46. Side groove; 47. Drug distribution hole; 48. Connecting groove; 5. Locking mechanism; 51. Swing arm; 52. Air float; 53. Sealing shaft; 54. Rotary... 55. Component; 56. Elastic rope; 57. Sliding component; 6. Arc-shaped ramp; 6. Filter tank; 61. Reaction tank; 62. Water distribution tank; 63. Flushing drainage tank; 64. Clean water drainage tank; 65. Drainage pipe; 66. Sewage pipe; 67. Wastewater pipe; 7. Liquid flushing assembly; 8. Gas flushing assembly; 9. Water distribution mechanism; 91. First water distribution component; 92. Filter head; 93. Baffle plate; 94. Second water distribution component; 10. Angle adjustment mechanism; 101. Housing; 102. Spiral blade; 103. Miniature reducer; 104. Reciprocating screw; 105. Slider; 106. Actuating component; 107. Sealed bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] like Figure 1-9As shown, a water and air distribution device for an aerated biological filter includes a water distribution mechanism 9, a pipe assembly 2, and a chemical and air supply device 1 for connecting the pipe assembly 2. The pipe assembly 2 is equipped with a plurality of air distributors 3 and chemical distributors 4. The air distributor 3 includes a housing 31, a single-hole air distribution membrane 35 disposed on the housing 31, and an inner chamber 32 opened inside the housing 31. A float valve 33 is disposed in the inner chamber 32. One end of the inner chamber 32 is connected to the pipe assembly 2, and the other end is provided with a concave hole 36 leading to the single-hole air distribution membrane 35. The float valve 33 closes the concave hole 36 when subjected to buoyancy. The dosing device 4 includes a housing 41, a locking mechanism 5 disposed inside the housing 41, and a dosing hole 47 disposed on the housing 41. The dosing hole 47 is connected to the pipeline assembly 2, and a sealing valve 44 that is opened and closed by differential pressure is disposed in the connected channel. The locking mechanism 5 is used to lock the sealing valve 44 in the closed state and to unlock it when the liquid level in the pipeline assembly 2 rises.

[0031] The filter 6 includes a reaction tank 61 and a water distribution trough 62 located on one side of the reaction tank 61. The water distribution trough 62 is used to receive sewage and is connected to the bottom of the reaction tank 61 through a sewage pipe 67 with a valve. A sewage distribution device 68 is installed above the sewage pipe 67 inside the reaction tank 61 to distribute the sewage evenly within the reaction tank 61. A clear water drainage trough 64 and a flushing drainage trough 63 are also provided at the upper end of the reaction tank 61. The flushing drainage trough 63 is lower than the clear water drainage trough 64. A sewage discharge pipe 66 with a valve is installed at the bottom of the flushing drainage trough 63. A clear water drainage pipe 64 is installed at the bottom of the clear water drainage trough 64. A liquid flushing assembly 7 and a gas flushing assembly 8 are also provided at the bottom of the reaction tank 61 to flush the suspended sludge into the flushing drainage trough 63.

[0032] The drug supply and gas supply device 1 includes a water supply device and a gas supply device. The pipeline assembly 2 includes a main pipeline 21 and a three-way valve 22 connected to one end of the main pipeline 21. The two inlets of the three-way valve 22 are used to connect to the water supply device and the gas supply device respectively. The other end of the main pipeline 21 passes through the filter tank, and the passing end is provided with several branch pipes 24 for installing the gas distributor 3 and the drug distributor 4. The main pipeline 21 is also provided with an air drain valve 23. In this embodiment, the pipeline assembly 2 is configured as a main pipeline 21, a three-way valve 22, and branch pipes 24. The three-way valve 22 is used to switch between the water supply device and the gas supply device.

[0033] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 6Furthermore, a spring 37 is also provided in the inner chamber 32 to prevent the float valve 33 from closing the concave hole 36 when there is a pressure difference between the upper and lower sides of the float valve 33. The surface of the float valve 33 is provided with a flange 34 for receiving the spring 37. In this embodiment, since the flow rate of the single-hole air distribution membrane 35 is very small, the pressure difference between the upper and lower sides of the float valve 33 is small. The spring 37 can prevent the float valve 33 from closing due to the pressure difference. The spring 37, together with the weight of the float valve 33 itself, will prevent the float valve 33 from completely entering the concave hole 36 when the gas is flowing, so that the gas can be discharged through the single-hole air distribution membrane 35.

[0034] Preferably, one end of the inner chamber 32 connecting to the pipe assembly 2 is provided with a concave groove, which allows the float valve 33 to have a blocking effect when it is fully lowered, preventing water in the biological filter from entering the pipe assembly 2.

[0035] The outer casing 41 is provided with an inner groove 42 connecting the pipe assembly 2, a sealing circular groove 43 connecting the drug delivery hole 47, and a connecting groove 48 connecting the inner groove 42 and the sealing circular groove 43. The sealing valve 44 is disposed in the sealing circular groove 43, and a side groove 46 is provided on the side wall of the sealing circular groove 43 near the drug delivery hole 47. The sealing valve 44 is provided with a support guide rod 45 for entering the side groove 46. In this embodiment, a specific opening and closing structure for the sealing valve 44 is provided. When it slides upward, it is in the open state because the side groove 46 is exposed. When it slides downward to the bottom of the sealing circular groove 43, it is in the closed state. The rubber sealing surface of the side wall of the sealing valve 44 seals and blocks the gas from leaking from the drug delivery device 4. Then all the gas is discharged from the single-hole gas distribution membrane 35 with a smaller aperture.

[0036] Furthermore, a filter screen is provided on the outside of the drug distribution hole 47. Since the sealing valve 44 is closed by hydraulic pressure, the sewage in the filter tank 6 is prone to backflow when it is closed. Therefore, in this embodiment, a filter screen is provided on the outside of the drug distribution hole 47. This filter screen does not require maintenance and is automatically flushed when the drug is distributed.

[0037] Furthermore, the support guide rod 45 is an inverted L-shape, which is used to guide the sealing valve 44 and prevent the sealing valve 44 from closing the drug delivery hole 47. The edge of the sealing valve 44 facing the connecting groove 48 is chamfered so that it can enter the sealing groove 43 near the end of the connecting groove 48 to close the connecting groove 48. In this embodiment, the support guide rod 45 makes the sealing valve 44 slide stably and will not move upward to the top, so that the drug delivery hole 47 is always open.

[0038] The locking mechanism 5 includes a swing arm 51 oscillating in the inner groove 42. An air float 52 is provided at the bottom end of the swing arm 51. A sliding groove is formed on the side wall of the sealing circular groove 43, and a sliding member 56 for locking the sealing valve 44 is provided within the sliding groove. A sealing shaft 53 is provided on the shaft of the swing arm 51, extending through the sliding groove, and a rotating member 54 is provided at its through-end. Both the rotating member 54 and the sliding member 56 have arc-shaped ramps 57 on their surfaces to push the sliding member 56 into the sealing circular groove 43 to lock the sealing valve 44 when the rotating member 54 rotates. In this embodiment, by setting the swing arm 51 and the air float 52, the swing arm 51 hangs naturally in the gas environment, causing the sliding member 56 to extend forward. The locking sealing valve 44 is used to prevent it from moving upward under air pressure. Under the flushing of water and buoyancy, it drives the sealing shaft 53 to rotate, which in turn drives the sliding member 56 to return. This allows the sealing valve 44 to rise and fall freely with the pressure difference when there is water in the inner tank 42, and then distribute the agent under the pressure of the water supply device. The sliding member 56 has a square cross-section to prevent rotation, and the end of the arc-shaped ramp 57 is provided with a straight surface to provide axial support and prevent the sliding member 56 from retracting. An elastic rope 55 is also provided between the rotating member 54 and the sliding member 56 to reset the sliding member 56. In this embodiment, the reset is achieved by setting the elastic rope 55. Optionally, a tension spring can also be used.

[0039] In one embodiment, the water distribution mechanism 9 includes a first water distribution element 91 disposed below the air distributor 3 and the medicine distributor 4. Multiple filter heads 92 are disposed through the first water distribution element 91, and multiple baffles 93 are disposed above the first water distribution element 91. A second water distribution element 94, which is a mesh plate, is disposed above the air distributor 3 and the medicine distributor 4 for secondary distribution of the wastewater-medicine mixture or the wastewater-air mixture. By evenly distributing the wastewater within the filter tank 6 through the water distribution mechanism 9 and performing preliminary filtration through the filter heads 93, the rising wastewater is turbulently circulated by the baffles 93, colliding and mixing with the air or medicine dispersed by the air distributor 3 or the medicine distributor 4. This combination improves mixing efficiency, and the secondary distribution of the mixture by the second water distribution element 94 stabilizes the water flow, ensuring a stable rise of the wastewater mixture.

[0040] The specific implementation method is as follows: When it is necessary to apply the chemical agent, the water supply device pumps in the chemical agent solution, which causes the liquid level in the branch pipe 24 to rise. This causes the float valve 33 in the air distributor 3 to rise due to buoyancy, closing the concave hole 36 to prevent it from being discharged from the single-hole air distribution membrane 35. The rise and fall of the liquid level causes the swing arm 51 to rotate, the sliding part 56 to retract, and the sealing valve 44 to rise and fall freely according to the pressure difference. After the water supply device pressurizes, it moves upward and evenly discharges the chemical agent into the filter tank 6 through the chemical distribution hole 47. When gas distribution is required, the vent valve 23 is opened, the drug solution in the branch pipe 24 is discharged, the liquid level drops, the sealing valve 44 falls due to the change in pressure difference on both sides and then seals the bottom of the circular groove 43, the float valve 33 moves downward and closes, the air float 52 falls, causing the rotating part 54 to rotate and drive the sliding part 56 to extend, preventing the sealing valve 44 from moving upward, and then the gas enters the concave hole 36 from each inner chamber 32 and is discharged through the one-way gas distribution membrane 35 to distribute the gas.

[0041] To implement the above-mentioned water and air distribution device, the present invention also proposes a method of using a water and air distribution device for an aerated biological filter based on any of the above-mentioned devices, comprising the following steps: S1: When air distribution is required, air is pumped into the pipeline assembly 2 through the drug supply and air supply device 1. The locking mechanism 5 in the drug distributor 4 is not unlocked and the sealing valve 44 is closed, so that the air passes through the air distributor 3 and enters the filter. S2: When chemical addition is required, the chemical is dissolved in the water and pumped into the pipeline assembly 2 through the chemical supply and air supply device 1. The liquid level in the pipeline assembly 2 rises, causing the locking mechanism 5 to unlock the sealing valve 44. The sealing valve 44 opens under pressure difference, distributing the chemical water into the filter tank. The float valve 33 is buoyed and closes the air distributor 3 to prevent the chemical water from clogging the single-hole air distribution membrane 35.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] In this embodiment, in order to dynamically adjust the coverage of the dosing device 4 and the air distributor 3, the branch pipe 24 is allowed to swing, and the outlet length of the dosing device 4 and the air distributor 3 is appropriately extended. This increases the range of air and medicine distribution under the small swing of the branch pipe 24. However, since the float valve 33 and other structures must face upward, this embodiment allows the branch pipe 24 to rotate back and forth within an angle range without affecting the operation of the float valve 33.

[0044] Specifically, such as Figure 10-11 As shown, one end of the branch pipe 24 is rotatably connected to the reaction tank 61. An angle adjustment mechanism 10 is provided between the branch pipe 24 and the main pipe 21. The angle adjustment mechanism 10 includes a housing 101 connected to the main pipe 21 and a spiral blade 102 disposed in the housing 101. A reciprocating screw 104 and a slider 105 are also disposed in the housing 101. A micro reducer 103 is connected between the shaft of the reciprocating screw 104 and the spiral blade 102. A toggle element 106 for rotating the branch pipe 24 is provided on the slider 105. The branch pipe 24 and the housing 101 are rotatably connected by two sealed bearings 107, and a slanted protrusion 25 matching the toggle element 106 is provided on the surface of the branch pipe 24 between the two sealed bearings 107.

[0045] In use, the spiral blade 102 is rotated by gas or liquid, which in turn drives the reciprocating screw 104 to rotate. The reciprocating screw 104 drives the slider 105 to slide back and forth, which in turn drives the inclined protruding strip 25 to move back and forth through the actuating element 106, ultimately driving the branch pipe 24 to rotate dynamically back and forth. Thus, during the gas and medicine distribution process, the coverage area is increased by swinging. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the outlet lengths of the medicine dispenser 4 and the gas dispenser 3 need to be appropriately extended. The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements, all of which should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water and air distribution device for an aerated biological filter, characterized in that: It includes a water distribution mechanism (9), a pipeline assembly (2) and a drug supply and gas supply device (1) for connecting the pipeline assembly (2), wherein the pipeline assembly (2) is provided with a plurality of gas distributors (3) and drug distributors (4). The air distributor (3) includes a housing (31), a single-hole air distribution membrane (35) disposed on the housing (31), and an inner chamber (32) opened in the housing (31). A float valve (33) is disposed in the inner chamber (32). One end of the inner chamber (32) is connected to the pipe assembly (2), and the other end is provided with a concave hole (36) leading to the single-hole air distribution membrane (35). The float valve (33) closes the concave hole (36) when subjected to buoyancy. The drug dispenser (4) includes a housing (41), a locking mechanism (5) disposed inside the housing (41), and a drug dispensing hole (47) disposed on the housing (41). The drug dispensing hole (47) is connected to the pipeline assembly (2), and a sealing valve (44) that is opened and closed by differential pressure is disposed in the connected channel. The locking mechanism (5) is used to lock the sealing valve (44) in the closed state and to unlock it when the liquid level in the pipeline assembly (2) rises.

2. The water and air distribution device for an aerated biological filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipeline assembly (2) includes a main pipeline (21) and a three-way valve (22) connected to one end of the main pipeline (21). The two inlets of the three-way valve (22) are used to connect to the water supply device and the air supply device respectively. The other end of the main pipeline (21) extends into the filter tank, and the end of the extension is provided with several branch pipes (24) for installing the air distributor (3) and the medicine distributor (4). The main pipeline (21) is also provided with an air drain valve (23).

3. The water and air distribution device for an aerated biological filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spring (37) is also provided in the inner chamber (32) to prevent the float valve (33) from closing the concave hole (36) when the float valve (33) is subjected to air pressure difference on the upper and lower sides. The surface of the float valve (33) is provided with a flange (34) for receiving the spring (37).

4. The water and air distribution device for an aerated biological filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner chamber (32) is connected to the pipe assembly (2) with a concave through groove at one end.

5. The water and air distribution device for an aerated biological filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer casing (41) is provided with an inner groove (42) for connecting the pipe assembly (2), a sealing groove (43) for connecting the drug delivery hole (47), and a connecting groove (48) for connecting the inner groove (42) and the sealing groove (43). The sealing valve (44) is provided in the sealing groove (43), and a side groove (46) is provided on the side wall of the sealing groove (43) near the drug delivery hole (47). The sealing valve (44) is provided with a support guide rod (45) for entering the side groove (46). A filter screen is provided on the outside of the drug delivery hole (47).

6. The water and air distribution device for an aerated biological filter according to claim 5, characterized in that: The support guide rod (45) is an inverted L-shape, which is used to guide the sealing valve (44) and prevent the sealing valve (44) from closing the drug distribution hole (47). The sealing valve (44) has a chamfered edge at one end facing the connecting groove (48) so as to enter the sealing groove (43) near the end of the connecting groove (48) to close the connecting groove (48).

7. A water and air distribution device for an aerated biological filter according to claim 5, characterized in that: The locking mechanism (5) includes a swing arm (51) swinging in the inner groove (42), an air float (52) at the bottom end of the swing arm (51), a sliding groove on the side wall of the sealing groove (43), a sliding member (56) for locking the sealing valve (44) in the sliding groove, a sealing shaft (53) on the shaft of the swing arm (51), the sealing shaft (53) penetrating into the sliding groove, and a rotating member (54) at the penetrating end, an arc-shaped ramp (57) on the surface of the rotating member (54) and the sliding member (56) for pushing the sliding member (56) into the sealing groove (43) to lock the sealing valve (44) when the rotating member (54) rotates, and an elastic rope (55) for resetting the sliding member (56) is also provided between the rotating member (54) and the sliding member (56).

8. The water and air distribution device for an aerated biological filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water distribution mechanism (9) includes a first water distribution component (91) disposed below the air distributor (3) and the medicine distributor (4), a plurality of filter heads (92) are disposed through the first water distribution component (91), and a plurality of baffles (93) are disposed above the first water distribution component (91). A second water distribution component (94) is disposed above the air distributor (3) and the medicine distributor (4). The second water distribution component (94) is a mesh plate used for secondary distribution of sewage-medicine mixture or sewage-air mixture.

9. A water and air distribution device for an aerated biological filter according to claim 2, characterized in that: An angle adjustment mechanism (10) is provided between the branch pipe (24) and the main pipe (21). The angle adjustment mechanism (10) includes a housing (101) that connects to the main pipe (21) and a spiral blade (102) provided in the housing (101). A reciprocating screw (104) and a slider (105) are also provided in the housing (101). A micro reducer (103) is connected between the shaft of the reciprocating screw (104) and the spiral blade (102). A toggle element (106) for rotating the branch pipe (24) is provided on the slider (105). The branch pipe (24) and the housing (101) are rotatably connected by two sealed bearings (107). An oblique protrusion strip (25) matching the toggle element (106) is provided on the surface of the branch pipe (24) between the two sealed bearings (107).

10. A method of using the water and air distribution device for an aerated biological filter according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: When air distribution is required, air is pumped into the pipeline assembly (2) through the drug supply and air supply device (1). The locking mechanism (5) in the drug distributor (4) is not unlocked and the sealing valve (44) is closed, so that the air passes through the air distributor (3) and enters the filter. S2: When it is necessary to add medicine, dissolve the medicine in water and pump it into the pipeline assembly (2) through the medicine supply and air supply device (1). The liquid level in the pipeline assembly (2) rises, causing the locking mechanism (5) to unlock the sealing valve (44). The sealing valve (44) opens under pressure difference, dispersing the medicine water into the filter tank. The float valve (33) is buoyed and closes the air distributor (3) to prevent the medicine water from clogging the single-hole air distribution membrane (35).

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