Sludge plate and frame filter dewatering and harmless treatment system and treatment method thereof
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202610716698.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-05-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-15
Smart Images
Figure CN122748883A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of water environment management in environmental engineering, and in particular to a sludge plate and frame filter press dewatering and harmless treatment system and its treatment method. Background Technology
[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, urban lakes, as an important component of the urban ecosystem, are facing severe pollution challenges. Affected by multiple factors including sewage discharge from surrounding towns, agricultural non-point source pollution, urban surface runoff, and the release of pollutants from sediment sources, water pollution and eutrophication are becoming increasingly prominent. In particular, the large-scale discharge of phosphorus-containing washing wastewater along with domestic sewage leads to excessive nutrient loads in the water bodies; furthermore, long-term aquaculture in some areas has resulted in the accumulation of large amounts of organic matter and nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in the sediment. If this high-water-content silt in urban lakes is not cleaned up in a timely manner, it will not only occupy a large amount of reservoir capacity but also continuously release pollutants, causing serious secondary environmental pollution.
[0003] Currently, plate and frame filter press dewatering technology, with its significant advantages such as small footprint, high dewatering efficiency, and high solids content in the filter cake, has been widely used in dredging and remediation projects of various lakes. However, in practical engineering applications, the existing plate and frame filter press dewatering and subsequent treatment processes still face the following technical problems that urgently need to be solved: On the one hand, to improve the dewatering performance of sludge, a large amount of solidifying agent (such as lime, cement, etc.) is usually added during the filter press process. This results in the effluent (filtrate) produced after filter press having an extremely high pH value (usually around 12), which is highly alkaline. Conventional treatment processes often use hydrochloric acid for acid-base neutralization, which not only increases the cost of reagents and effluent treatment, but also poses significant safety hazards and environmental risks during the transportation, storage, and use of hydrochloric acid.
[0004] On the other hand, the amount of sludge cake produced after plate and frame filter press is enormous. Traditional disposal methods mostly involve simple backfilling or landfilling, which not only creates great difficulties in the selection of urban disposal sites and occupies valuable land resources, but also leads to a huge waste of resources such as organic matter in the sludge.
[0005] Therefore, a sludge plate and frame filter press dewatering and harmless treatment system and its treatment method are proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The main objective of this invention is to provide a sludge plate and frame filter press dewatering harmless treatment system and its treatment method, which solves the problems of excessively high pH value of filter press tailwater, high cost and safety hazards of conventional acid-base neutralization treatment, large output of sludge cake after dewatering, and the difficulty in site selection and waste of resources caused by traditional landfill disposal methods in the existing plate and frame filter press dewatering process.
[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a sludge plate and frame filter press dewatering and harmless treatment system and treatment method thereof, including a plate and frame filter press treatment unit, and an artificial wetland treatment system and a high-temperature aerobic fermentation treatment system respectively connected to the plate and frame filter press treatment unit; The plate and frame filter press unit is used to filter sludge and output filter press effluent and dewatered sludge cake; The inlet of the constructed wetland treatment system is connected to the outlet of the plate and frame filter press unit to receive and treat the filter press tailwater. The feed end of the high-temperature aerobic fermentation treatment system is connected to the mud cake discharge end of the plate and frame filter press treatment unit. It is used to receive the dewatered mud cake and add organic auxiliary materials and microbial agents to the dewatered mud cake for fermentation treatment to prepare garden greening planting soil.
[0008] In the preferred embodiment, the plate and frame filter press processing unit includes a dirt removal system, a sludge conditioning system, and a plate and frame filter press connected in sequence.
[0009] In the preferred embodiment, the constructed wetland treatment system has a stepped structure, including a filtration tank, a purification tank, and a stabilization tank connected in series from high to low. The filtration pool comprises three pools connected in a stepped manner from high to low, with a large-diameter pebble cushion layer, a small-diameter pebble cushion layer, and a manufactured sand cushion layer laid in the three pools in sequence. The purification pond includes a surface flow wetland pond and a subsurface flow wetland pond connected in a stepped manner from high to low. Emergent plants are planted in the surface flow wetland pond, and submerged plants are planted in the subsurface flow wetland pond. The stabilization pond is planted with floating-leaved plants and has a water depth of 0.5m. Water quality monitoring devices are installed at the end of the stabilization pond and at the lake inlet. Emergent plants include reeds, cattails, and irises; submerged plants include Vallisneria natans, Hydrilla verticillata, and Myriophyllum spicatum; and floating-leaved plants include water lilies.
[0010] In the preferred embodiment, the high-temperature aerobic fermentation treatment system includes a belt conveyor, a material crushing and mixing machine, a material elevator, and a high-temperature aerobic fermentation tank connected in sequence. The belt conveyor is located below the dewatered cake discharge port of the plate and frame filter press and is used to receive the dewatered cake and transport it to the material crushing and mixing machine.
[0011] In the preferred embodiment, the plate and frame filter press is placed on a support platform, on which a discharge chute is provided corresponding to the discharge port of the dewatered cake at the bottom of the plate and frame filter press. A belt conveyor is located below the discharge chute and extends along the length of the discharge chute. A movable crushing and unloading mechanism is provided in the discharge chute, which can move along its length. This movable crushing and unloading mechanism can actively move to directly below the filter plate to be unloaded, accurately catch the falling dewatered cake, and use the gravitational potential energy of the falling material to perform preliminary crushing and buffering deceleration. The plate and frame filter press's plate pulling trolley integrates a transmission mechanism, which is used to drive the movable crushing and unloading mechanism to move synchronously to directly below the filter plate to be unloaded.
[0012] In the preferred embodiment, the mobile crushing and unloading mechanism includes guide rods disposed on both sides of the plate and frame filter press, a sliding connecting frame slidably disposed between the two guide rods, and a crushing and unloading box disposed on the sliding connecting frame.
[0013] In the preferred embodiment, the crushing and feeding box includes a box body, the two sides of which taper inward from top to bottom to form a conical structure, and cutting blades are installed in the box body; The cutting tools include multiple longitudinal tools located at the top and distributed laterally along the box body, and transverse tools located at the bottom and distributed longitudinally along the box body. The longitudinal and transverse tools are spatially interwoven to form a grid-like cutting structure. A spacing is reserved between the cutting tool and the transverse tool to accommodate secondary gravity cutting.
[0014] In the preferred embodiment, the sliding connecting frame includes two sliding sleeves that are respectively slidably fitted onto the outside of the guide rod. Mounting seats are fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the two sliding sleeves. Connecting plates are connected between the two ends of the two mounting seats. Mounting bearings are fixedly installed at the center of the opposite sides of the two mounting seats. Two top plates are provided on the opposite sides of the two connecting plates. The two top plates are located at the two ends of the connecting plates respectively. Connecting ears extending upward are provided on the top of both sides of the housing. Rotating shafts are provided on the opposite sides of the two connecting ears. The rotating shafts are rotatably connected to the corresponding mounting bearings. Base plates are fixedly installed at the four corners of the top of the housing. The four base plates correspond to the four top plates and are fixedly installed between them with support springs. An extension platform is fixed on one side of the discharge chute. A row of protrusions is provided on the top of the extension platform. A rocking abutment is provided on the side of the box corresponding to the extension platform. The rocking abutment includes a fixed seat located above the extension platform. A rocking abutment block that can abut against the protrusions is fixed at the bottom of the fixed seat. Both the contact block and the bump are hemispherical.
[0015] In the preferred embodiment, a liquid collection tank is provided on one side of the plate and frame filter press, and support columns for support are provided on both sides of the plate and frame filter press. The transmission mechanism is set on the plate pulling trolley on the side without the liquid collection tank. The transmission mechanism includes a transmission frame, which is specifically an inverted L-shaped frame adapted to the support column. One end of the transmission frame is fixed on the pull plate trolley and is located outside the support column. Its spatial outline forms an avoidance fit with the support column. A support guide rail is fixedly installed on the crossbeam of the support column. A support slide block that slides with the support guide rail is fixedly installed at the bottom of the crossbeam of the transmission frame. A horizontal support platform is fixedly installed at the other end of the transmission frame. An obstacle avoidance type pushing component that can avoid the obstruction of the support column is installed on the horizontal support platform. An auxiliary pushing component adapted to the obstacle avoidance type pushing component is installed on the sliding connection frame. The obstacle avoidance push assembly includes a first flap push mechanism and a second flap push mechanism, which are respectively fixed to the top and bottom of the horizontal support platform; The auxiliary pushing component includes a support frame fixed to the sliding connecting frame and extending towards the obstacle avoidance pushing component. A first flip-plate auxiliary mechanism and a second flip-plate auxiliary mechanism are respectively fixed to the upper and lower sides of the end of the support frame. The first flip-plate pushing mechanism, the second flip-plate pushing mechanism, the first flip-plate auxiliary mechanism, and the second flip-plate auxiliary mechanism all include a rotary driving device and a flip plate fixed on the output shaft of the rotary driving device. The flip plate can rotate 90 degrees under the drive of the rotary driving device, thereby switching between a horizontal state and a vertical state. The flip plates of the first flip plate pushing mechanism and the second flip plate pushing mechanism, as well as the flip plates of the first flip plate auxiliary mechanism and the second flip plate auxiliary mechanism, are arranged in opposite directions, and the distance between the two flip plates is greater than the width of the support column, and the length of the flip plate is greater than the distance between the support frame and the horizontal support platform. The auxiliary pushing component and the obstacle-avoiding pushing component achieve bidirectional pushing of the mobile crushing and unloading mechanism through the staggered first flip-plate pushing mechanism, second flip-plate pushing mechanism, first flip-plate auxiliary mechanism and second flip-plate auxiliary mechanism, and avoid the support column during the pushing process.
[0016] The method includes: The environmentally friendly sludge is transported to the plate and frame filter press unit. After impurity removal by the impurity removal system, it is transported to the sludge conditioning system for conditioning. During the conditioning process, dehydration and solidification materials are added. The dehydration and solidification materials are: 4.11 g / L PAC, 0.18 g / L APAM and 18.06 g / L LAC. The order of addition is PAC, APAM and LAC. After conditioning, it is transported to the plate and frame filter press for deep dehydration and solidification treatment, and the single plate and frame filter press time is shortened to 50 minutes. The filter press effluent and dewatered cement cake are respectively transported to the constructed wetland treatment system and the high-temperature aerobic fermentation treatment system; The wastewater from the filter press is discharged into the lake after being filtered by an artificial wetland treatment system. Meanwhile, the dewatered cake is conveyed by a belt conveyor into a material crushing and mixing machine, where crushed organic auxiliary materials, lotus leaves and / or lotus roots, are added. After thorough crushing and homogenization in the material crushing and mixing machine, the material is lifted and transported to a high-temperature aerobic fermentation tank by a material elevator. At the same time, microbial agents are added to the high-temperature aerobic fermentation tank. The volume ratio of dewatered cake, lotus leaf and lotus root auxiliary materials to microbial agents is 80:20:1. After stirring and temperature-controlled fermentation in the high-temperature aerobic fermentation tank, the internal temperature needs to be maintained between 55-75℃, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the material needs to be adjusted within a suitable range of 25:1 to 35:1, ultimately transforming it into landscaping planting soil.
[0017] This invention provides a sludge plate and frame filter press dewatering and harmless treatment system and method, which effectively eliminates the environmental and safety hazards of treating highly alkaline tailwater and significantly reduces operating costs. Simultaneously, it transforms the dewatered sludge cake into a usable resource, solving the pain points of large land occupation and difficult site selection for disposal of sludge cakes in urban dredging, thus achieving waste reduction and resource utilization. Furthermore, the system utilizes the existing power of the pull-plate trolley to drive the mobile crushing and unloading mechanism for synchronous operation, eliminating the need for additional drive components and greatly simplifying the mechanical structure and control logic. Combined with a three-dimensional cross-grid cutter and a reciprocating swing design of the box, it achieves multi-directional shearing and anti-clogging unloading of high-viscosity sludge cakes, ensuring the continuity and efficiency of equipment operation. Attached Figure Description
[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a system flowchart of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the artificial wetland treatment system of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the high-temperature aerobic fermentation treatment system of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a connection structure diagram of the plate and frame filter press, the mobile crushing and feeding mechanism, and the transmission mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is the present invention. Figure 4 Another perspective on the structure diagram; Figure 6 This is the present invention. Figure 4 Top view of the structure; Figure 7 This is the present invention. Figure 4 Side view structural diagram; Figure 8 This is a connection structure diagram of the mobile crushing and feeding mechanism and the transmission mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 This is the present invention. Figure 8 Another perspective on the structure diagram; Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the mobile crushing and feeding mechanism of the present invention; Figure 11 This is the present invention. Figure 10 Exploded structure diagram; Figure 12 This is a half-sectional structural diagram of the box body of the present invention. Figure 13 This is a structural diagram of the auxiliary push component of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a structural diagram of the transmission mechanism of the present invention; Figure 15 This is the present invention. Figure 14 Another perspective on the structure diagram; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism of the present invention passing through the support column; Figure 17 This is a structural diagram showing the connection between the extension platform, the protrusion, and the abutting rocker element of the present invention. Figure 18 This is a structural diagram of the anti-swaying component of the present invention.
[0019] In the figure: Support platform 1; Discharge chute 101; Extension platform 102; Protrusion 103; Plate and frame filter press 2; Support column 201; Pulling plate trolley 202; Liquid receiving flap 203; Liquid collection tank 204; Mobile crushing and unloading mechanism 3; Guide rod 30; Support seat 301; Rod body 302; Sliding connecting frame 31; Sliding sleeve 310; Mounting seat 311; Connecting plate 312; Mounting bearing 313; Top plate 314; Crushing and unloading box 32; Box body 320; Connecting ear 321; Rotating shaft 322; Bottom plate 323; Support spring 324; Cutting blade 325; Longitudinal blade 3250; Transverse blade 3251; Abutting swinging component 326; Fixed seat 3260; Abutting block 3261; Auxiliary pushing component 33 Support frame 330; First flip-plate auxiliary mechanism 331; Rotary drive device 3310; Flip-plate 3311; Second flip-plate auxiliary mechanism 332; Second laser positioning device 333; Transmission mechanism 4; Transmission frame 40; Horizontal support platform 41; Second flip-plate pushing mechanism 42; First flip-plate pushing mechanism 43; Support guide rail 44; Support slide 45; Laser positioning device 46; Filter pool 5; Large-diameter pebble cushion layer 501; Small-diameter pebble cushion layer 502; Mechanized sand cushion layer 503; Purification pool 6; Surface flow wetland pool 601; Subsurface flow wetland pool 602; Stabilization pool 7; Water quality monitoring device 8; Belt conveyor 9; Material crushing and mixing machine 10; Material elevator 11; High-temperature aerobic fermentation tank 12. Detailed Implementation
[0020] Example 1 like Figure 1-3As shown, a sludge plate and frame filter press dewatering and harmless treatment system includes a plate and frame filter press treatment unit, as well as an artificial wetland treatment system and a high-temperature aerobic fermentation treatment system for receiving and treating filter press tailwater and dewatered sludge cake, respectively.
[0021] The plate and frame filter press treatment unit includes a dirt removal system, a sludge conditioning system, and a plate and frame filter press 2 connected in sequence. The dirt removal system includes a sedimentation tank and a bar screen. The discharge end of the sedimentation tank is connected to the feed end of the bar screen. The sludge after environmental dredging is transported via pipeline to the sedimentation tank for preliminary sedimentation, concentration, and dewatering. The bar screen removes large impurities from the sludge. The sludge conditioning system includes an equalization tank and a homogenization tank connected in sequence. The dirt-removed sludge flows into the equalization tank for concentration control, and after adding dewatering and solidification materials, it is pumped to the homogenization tank to complete the homogenization reaction. Finally, it is transported to the plate and frame filter press 2 for deep dewatering and solidification treatment.
[0022] The dehydration and curing materials are: 4.11 g / L PAC, 0.18 g / L APAM and 18.06 g / L LAC, and the order of addition is PAC, APAM and LAC.
[0023] The constructed wetland treatment system adopts a stepped structure, including a filtration tank 5, a purification tank 6, and a stabilization tank 7 connected in series from high to low. In this embodiment, the total width of the constructed wetland treatment system is 12m, wherein the widths of the filtration tank 5, the purification tank 6, and the stabilization tank 7 are 3m, 4m, and 5m, respectively.
[0024] The filtration tank 5 comprises three tanks connected in a stepped manner from high to low. Each of the three tanks is sequentially lined with a large-diameter pebble layer 501, a small-diameter pebble layer 502, and a manufactured sand layer 503. The thickness of both the large-diameter pebble layer 501 and the small-diameter pebble layer 502 is 50cm. The large-diameter pebble layer has a particle size of φ60-80mm, and the small-diameter pebble layer 502 has a particle size of φ20-30mm. Through this three-stage filtration system, most of the plant debris and some suspended solids in the filter press tailwater can be effectively removed.
[0025] The purification pond 6 comprises a surface flow wetland pond 601 and a subsurface flow wetland pond 602 connected in a stepped manner from high to low. The surface flow wetland pond 601 is planted with emergent plants such as reeds, cattails, and irises, while the subsurface flow wetland pond 602 is planted with submerged plants such as Vallisneria natans, Hydrilla verticillata, and Myriophyllum spicatum. By selecting aquatic plants with high survival rates and efficient nitrogen and phosphorus removal capabilities, suspended solids and nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in the effluent can be further removed at a deeper level.
[0026] The stabilization pond 7 is planted with floating-leaved plants such as water lilies, and the water depth is controlled at approximately 0.5m. At this depth, sunlight can directly reach the pond bottom, promoting the abundant growth of algae and photosynthesis, maintaining sufficient dissolved oxygen in the pond water, and thus activating the activity of aerobic microorganisms. This treatment significantly improves the BOD removal rate, achieving a high removal rate through hydraulic retention.
[0027] In the preferred embodiment, a water quality monitoring device 8 is installed at the end of the stabilization tank 7 and at the lake inlet to monitor the ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, COD and BOD of the effluent in real time, and to dynamically grasp the water quality of the effluent entering the lake.
[0028] The high-temperature aerobic fermentation treatment system includes a belt conveyor 9, a material crushing and mixing machine 10, a material elevator 11, and a high-temperature aerobic fermentation tank 12 connected in sequence. The belt conveyor 9 is located below the dewatered cake discharge port of the plate and frame filter press 2, and is used to receive the dewatered cake and transport it to the material crushing and mixing machine 10. Inside the material crushing and mixing machine 10, the dewatered cake is thoroughly crushed and homogenized with crushed lotus leaves, lotus roots, and other organic auxiliary materials. The mixed material is then lifted and transported to the high-temperature aerobic fermentation tank 12 by the material elevator 11, with microbial agents added simultaneously upon entry. After stirring and temperature-controlled fermentation in the high-temperature aerobic fermentation tank 12, the material is ultimately transformed into landscaping planting soil.
[0029] Regarding process control parameters, the volume ratio of dewatered cake, lotus leaf and lotus root supplementary materials, and microbial inoculant is 80:20:1. During fermentation, the internal temperature of the high-temperature aerobic fermenter 12 needs to be maintained between 55-75℃, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the materials needs to be adjusted within a suitable range of 25:1 to 35:1 to ensure efficient aerobic fermentation.
[0030] Example 2 Further explanation in conjunction with Example 1, such as Figure 4-18As shown in the structure, the plate and frame filter press 2 is specifically placed on the support platform 1. The support platform 1 has a corresponding height and is provided with a discharge trough 101 corresponding to the discharge port of the dewatered cake at the bottom of the plate and frame filter press 2, so that the dewatered cake can fall from the discharge port at the bottom of the plate and frame filter press 2. This is the prior art of the plate and frame filter press 2, so it will not be described in detail here. The belt conveyor 9 is set below the discharge trough 101 and extends along the length of the discharge trough 101. However, since the plate and frame filter press 2 adopts an intermittent batch unloading method, the dewatered cake unloaded in a single batch is not only heavy, but also has large block shape and high viscosity characteristics. If such materials are allowed to fall directly from a height onto the continuously operating belt conveyor below, the belt surface is easily damaged or even torn due to the excessive instantaneous impact force. At the same time, intermittent high-flow-rate impacts can also easily cause local material accumulation and spillage on the belt. In addition, when high-viscosity large mud cakes enter the material crushing and mixing machine 10, they are very likely to cause bridging and blockage at the feed inlet, resulting in poor feeding. Manual assistance is often required to clear the blockage, which seriously restricts the automated operation efficiency and safety of the system.
[0031] Therefore, in this embodiment, a movable crushing and unloading mechanism 3 that can move along its length is provided in the discharge chute 101. The movable crushing and unloading mechanism 3 can actively move to directly below the filter plate to be unloaded, accurately receive the falling dewatered mud cake, and use the gravitational potential energy of the falling material to perform preliminary crushing and buffering to reduce its speed, thereby effectively eliminating the instantaneous impact of large mud cakes on the belt conveyor 9, and significantly improving the material flowability of the feed inlet of the subsequent material crushing and mixing machine 10, avoiding bridging and blockage.
[0032] It should be noted that the plate and frame filter press 2 is equipped with a liquid receiving flap 203, which is located below the filter plates. When the plate and frame filter press 2 is pressurizing and filtering, it is in a closed state to receive the filter tail water. When the filtration is completed and the plate and frame filter press 2 begins to pull open the filter plates for unloading, the liquid receiving flap 203 will automatically flip open. This is the existing technology of the plate and frame filter press 2, so it will not be described in detail here. The mobile crushing and unloading mechanism 3 is specifically set at the bottom of the liquid receiving flap 203, and its setting height does not affect the normal opening and closing of the liquid receiving flap 203.
[0033] The plate and frame filter press 2 is equipped with a plate pulling trolley 202 for unloading the filter plates one by one. The plate pulling trolley 202 is a conventional existing technology of plate and frame filter presses, and will not be described in detail here.
[0034] The pull plate trolley 202 further integrates a transmission mechanism 4, which drives the mobile crushing and unloading mechanism 3 to move synchronously to directly below the filter plate to be unloaded. This design cleverly utilizes the existing motion trajectory and unloading sequence of the pull plate trolley 202 to achieve precise alignment between the mobile crushing and unloading mechanism 3 and the filter plate to be unloaded. This not only eliminates the need to separately configure a drive motor and positioning sensor for the mobile crushing and unloading mechanism, but also greatly simplifies the overall mechanical structure and effectively reduces the manufacturing cost of the equipment and the complexity of subsequent control and maintenance.
[0035] In a preferred embodiment, the mobile crushing and unloading mechanism 3 includes guide rods 30 disposed on both sides of the plate and frame filter press 2, a sliding connecting frame 31 slidably disposed between the two guide rods 30, and a crushing and unloading box 32 disposed on the sliding connecting frame 31.
[0036] The guide rod 30 includes support seats 301 symmetrically fixed at both ends of the plate and frame filter press 2, and a rod body 302 fixed between the two support seats 301.
[0037] The sliding connecting frame 31 includes two sliding sleeves 310 that are slidably fitted onto the outside of the rod body 302. Mounting seats 311 are fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the two sliding sleeves 310. Connecting plates 312 are connected between the two ends of the two mounting seats 311 to form a frame structure. Mounting bearings 313 located at the center of the opposite sides of the two mounting seats 311 are fixedly provided. Two top plates 314 are provided on the opposite sides of the two connecting plates 312. The two top plates 314 are located at the two ends of the connecting plates 312 respectively.
[0038] The crushing and feeding box 32 includes a box body 320. The two sides of the box body 320 taper inward from top to bottom to form a conical structure, thereby preventing the crushed cement cake from falling to the outside of the belt conveyor 9. The box body 320 is equipped with a cutting blade 325, so that the gravity of the crushed cement cake when it falls can be used to cut and crush it.
[0039] The cutting blade 325 includes multiple longitudinal blades 3250 located at the top and distributed laterally along the box 320, and transverse blades 3251 located at the bottom and distributed longitudinally along the box 320. The longitudinal blades 3250 and transverse blades 3251 are spatially intersected to form a mesh cutting structure within the box 320, which can perform multi-directional shearing and tearing on the dewatered cake, ensuring that it is broken into small pieces of uniform size, significantly improving the crushing effect and output quality.
[0040] It should be noted that a spacing is reserved between the cutting tool 325 and the transverse tool 3251 to meet the requirements of secondary gravity cutting.
[0041] Both sides of the top of the box 320 are provided with upward-extending connecting ears 321. The two connecting ears 321 are provided with rotating shafts 322 on opposite sides. The rotating shafts 322 are rotatably connected to the corresponding mounting bearings 313, so that the box 320 can be swung and suspended on the sliding connecting frame 31. The four corners of the top of the box 320 are fixed with base plates 323. The four base plates 323 correspond to the four top plates 314, and support springs 324 are fixedly installed between them. This design allows the box 320 to swing back and forth, so that its own swing can generate continuous vibration and shaking effect on the cement cake inside, avoiding the cement cake from being stuck inside.
[0042] An extension platform 102 is fixedly provided on one side of the discharge chute 101. A row of protrusions 103 is provided on the top of the extension platform 102. A rocking abutment member 326 is provided on the side of the housing 320 corresponding to the extension platform 102. The rocking abutment member 326 includes a fixed seat 3260 located above the extension platform 102. Abutting block 3261 that can abut against the protrusions 103 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the fixed seat 3260. Thus, when the mobile crushing and feeding mechanism 3 moves, the abutting block 3261 abuts against each protrusion 103, thereby achieving the effect of the housing 320 compressing the support spring 324 and rocking.
[0043] In this embodiment, both the abutment block 3261 and the protrusion 103 are hemispherical, so that while achieving abutment, the abutment block 3261 can pass through the protrusion 103.
[0044] The specific number of a row of protrusions 103 and the spacing between each protrusion 103 are adjusted according to the required vibration frequency.
[0045] It should be noted that a liquid collection tank 204 is provided on one side of the plate and frame filter press 2. The liquid collection tank 204 is used to collect the filter tailwater discharged by the liquid receiving flap 203. Specifically, the liquid receiving flap 203 is inclined in the direction of the liquid collection tank 204. At the same time, support columns 201 for supporting the filter plate track and the trolley track are also provided on both sides of the plate and frame filter press 2. The support columns 201 are inverted L-shaped, and there are multiple of them, which are evenly distributed. This is the existing technology of the plate and frame filter press 2, so it will not be described in detail here.
[0046] Because of the obstruction of the liquid collection tank 204, the transmission mechanism 4 in this embodiment is set on the pull plate trolley 202 on the side without the liquid collection tank 204, so as to effectively avoid the liquid collection tank 204.
[0047] The transmission mechanism 4 includes a transmission frame 40, which is specifically an inverted L-shaped structure adapted to the support column 201. One end of the transmission frame 40 is fixed on the plate pulling trolley 202 and is located on the outside of the support column 201. Its spatial outline forms a clearance fit with the support column 201. When the plate pulling trolley 202 moves along the guide rail, the transmission frame 40 can smoothly pass over the outside of the support column 201, ensuring that while realizing power transmission, it does not mechanically interfere with the fixed structure of the plate and frame filter press 2.
[0048] To make the movement of the transmission frame 40 more stable, a support guide rail 44 is fixedly installed on the crossbeam of the side support column 201. A support slide 45 that slides with the support guide rail 44 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the crossbeam of the transmission frame 40. The stability of the structure is ensured by the sliding of the support slide 45 on the support guide rail 44. In this embodiment, there are two support slides 45 and two support guide rails 44.
[0049] The other end of the transmission frame 40 is fixed with a horizontal support platform 41. The horizontal support platform 41 is equipped with an obstacle-avoiding push assembly that can avoid the obstruction of the support column 201. The sliding connection frame 31 is equipped with an auxiliary push assembly 33 that is adapted to the obstacle-avoiding push assembly, so that the obstruction of the support column 201 can be avoided during the push process.
[0050] The obstacle avoidance push assembly includes a first flap push mechanism 43 and a second flap push mechanism 42, which are respectively fixed to the top and bottom of the horizontal support platform 41.
[0051] The auxiliary pushing component 33 includes a support frame 330 fixed on the sliding connecting frame 31 and extending towards the obstacle avoidance pushing component. The upper and lower sides of the end of the support frame 330 are respectively fixed with a first flip-plate auxiliary mechanism 331 and a second flip-plate auxiliary mechanism 332.
[0052] The first flip-plate pushing mechanism 43, the second flip-plate pushing mechanism 42, the first flip-plate auxiliary mechanism 331, and the second flip-plate auxiliary mechanism 332 all include a rotary drive device 3310 and a flip plate 3311 fixed on the output shaft of the rotary drive device 3310. The flip plate 3311 can rotate 90 degrees under the drive of the rotary drive device 3310, thereby switching between a horizontal state and a vertical state.
[0053] It should be noted that the rotary drive device 3310 can be a rotary cylinder or a motor, etc.
[0054] Meanwhile, the flip plates 3311 of the first flip plate pushing mechanism 43 and the second flip plate pushing mechanism 42, the first flip plate auxiliary mechanism 331 and the second flip plate auxiliary mechanism 332 are arranged in opposite directions, and the distance between the two flip plates 3311 is greater than the width of the support column 201, and the length of the flip plate 3311 is greater than the distance between the support frame 330 and the horizontal support platform 41.
[0055] The auxiliary pushing component 33 and the obstacle avoidance pushing component achieve bidirectional pushing of the mobile crushing and unloading mechanism 3 through the staggered first flip-plate pushing mechanism 43, second flip-plate pushing mechanism 42, first flip-plate auxiliary mechanism 331 and second flip-plate auxiliary mechanism 332 respectively.
[0056] In this embodiment, the second flip-plate pushing mechanism 42 and the flip-plate 3311 of the first flip-plate auxiliary mechanism 331 are arranged in opposite directions, and the flip-plate 3311 of the first flip-plate pushing mechanism 43 and the second flip-plate auxiliary mechanism 332 are arranged in opposite directions. Thus, the movement of the mobile crushing and unloading mechanism 3 in the unloading direction can be completed by the cooperation of the second flip-plate pushing mechanism 42 and the first flip-plate auxiliary mechanism 331, and the reverse movement of the mobile crushing and unloading mechanism 3 can be completed by the cooperation of the first flip-plate pushing mechanism 43 and the second flip-plate auxiliary mechanism 332, so that it returns to the initial position.
[0057] Specifically, when the plate-pulling trolley 202 performs the plate-pulling operation, it moves towards the filter plate. At this time, the flipping plate 3311 of the second flipping plate pushing mechanism 42 is adjusted to a horizontal state, while the other flipping plates 3311 are in a vertical state. Thus, through the contact relationship between the flipping plate 3311 of the second flipping plate pushing mechanism 42 and the second flipping plate auxiliary mechanism 332, the mobile crushing and unloading mechanism 3 is pushed to move in the unloading direction. When the plate-pulling trolley 202 pulls the filter plate to move in the opposite direction, the two are in a disengaged state, thereby allowing the mobile crushing and unloading mechanism 3 to receive the dewatered cement cake in its original position, thus achieving the above-mentioned effect of pushing the mobile crushing and unloading mechanism 3 to move.
[0058] The above process continues until the flipping plate 3311 of the second flipping pushing mechanism 42 approaches the support column 201. At this time, the flipping plate 3311 of the first flipping auxiliary mechanism 331 has passed the support column 201 and is adjusted to a horizontal state. The flipping plate 3311 of the second flipping pushing mechanism 42 is then adjusted to a vertical state. At this time, the pushing transmission is achieved by the contact between the flipping plate 3311 of the first flipping auxiliary mechanism 331 and the first flipping pushing mechanism 43 in the forward direction, thus achieving seamless connection. After the second flipping auxiliary mechanism 332 has completely passed through the support column 201, the flipping plate 3311 of the first flipping auxiliary mechanism 331 is adjusted to a vertical state, and the pushing continues to be achieved by the flipping plate 3311 of the second flipping pushing mechanism 42.
[0059] It should be noted that when the plate-pulling trolley 202 pulls the filter plate back and encounters the support column 201, the flipping plate 3311 of the second flipping plate pushing mechanism 42 can be switched to the vertical state.
[0060] At the same time, after unloading is completed, the mobile crushing and unloading mechanism 3 needs to be moved to the initial position. When waiting for the next unloading operation, all four flip plates 3311 are adjusted to the vertical position, and the obstacle avoidance pushing component is moved to the other side of the auxiliary pushing component 33. Then, by repeating the above cooperation of the first flip plate pushing mechanism 43 and the second flip plate auxiliary mechanism 332, the effect of moving to the initial position can be achieved. Note that at this time, the plate pulling trolley 202 does not need to move back and forth repeatedly because it is not pulling plate. It can move continuously by the cooperation of the first flip plate pushing mechanism 43 and the second flip plate auxiliary mechanism 332.
[0061] In a preferred embodiment, two first laser positioning devices 46 located at the edge are symmetrically arranged on the side of the horizontal support platform 41 near the support column 201, so that the positional relationship between the platform and the support column 201 can be determined by the laser positioning devices 46.
[0062] Two second laser positioning devices 333 are symmetrically arranged on the side of the support frame 330 near the support column 201, thereby determining the positional relationship between the support frame 330 and the support column 201.
[0063] Example 3 Further illustrating this with reference to Examples 1 and 2, a method for treating sludge using a plate and frame filter press dewatering and harmless treatment system includes: The environmentally friendly sludge is transported to the plate and frame filter press unit. After impurity removal by the impurity removal system, it is transported to the sludge conditioning system for conditioning. During the conditioning process, dehydration and solidification materials are added. After conditioning, it is transported to the plate and frame filter press 2 for deep dehydration and solidification treatment, and the single plate and frame filter press time is shortened to 50 minutes.
[0064] The filtration effluent and dewatered cement cake are transported to the constructed wetland treatment system and the high-temperature aerobic fermentation treatment system, respectively.
[0065] The wastewater from the pressure filter is discharged into the lake after being filtered by an artificial wetland treatment system.
[0066] Meanwhile, the dewatered cake is conveyed into the material crushing and mixing machine 10 via belt conveyor 9. Crushed lotus leaves, lotus roots and other organic auxiliary materials are added to the material crushing and mixing machine 10. After being fully crushed and homogenized by the material crushing and mixing machine 10, the material is lifted and conveyed to the high-temperature aerobic fermentation tank 12 by the material elevator 11. At the same time, microbial agents are added to the high-temperature aerobic fermentation tank 12. After being stirred and fermented at a controlled temperature in the high-temperature aerobic fermentation tank 12, the material is finally transformed into garden greening planting soil.
[0067] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be considered as limitations on the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention should be limited to the technical solutions described in the claims, including equivalent substitutions of the technical features described in the claims. That is, equivalent substitutions and improvements within this scope are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A sludge plate and frame filter press dewatering and harmless treatment system, characterized in that: It includes a plate and frame filter press treatment unit, as well as an artificial wetland treatment system and a high-temperature aerobic fermentation treatment system, which are respectively connected to the plate and frame filter press treatment unit; The plate and frame filter press unit is used to filter sludge and output filter press effluent and dewatered sludge cake; The inlet of the constructed wetland treatment system is connected to the outlet of the plate and frame filter press unit to receive and treat the filter press tailwater. The feed end of the high-temperature aerobic fermentation treatment system is connected to the mud cake discharge end of the plate and frame filter press treatment unit. It is used to receive the dewatered mud cake and add organic auxiliary materials and microbial agents to the dewatered mud cake for fermentation treatment to prepare garden greening planting soil.
2. The sludge plate and frame filter press dewatering and harmless treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plate and frame filter press processing unit includes a dirt removal system, a sludge conditioning system and a plate and frame filter press (2) connected in sequence.
3. The sludge plate and frame filter press dewatering and harmless treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The constructed wetland treatment system has a stepped structure, including a filter tank (5), a purification tank (6) and a stabilization tank (7) connected in series from high to low. The filter pool (5) includes three pools connected in a stepped manner from high to low, and the three pools are successively laid with a large-diameter pebble cushion layer (501), a small-diameter pebble cushion layer (502) and a manufactured sand cushion layer (503). The purification pond (6) includes a surface flow wetland pond (601) and a subsurface flow wetland pond (602) connected in a stepped manner from high to low. Emergent plants are planted in the surface flow wetland pond (601), and submerged plants are planted in the subsurface flow wetland pond (602). The stabilization pond (7) is planted with floating-leaved plants and the water depth in the pond is 0.5m; Water quality monitoring devices (8) are installed at the end of the stabilization pond (7) and at the lake inlet. Emergent plants include reeds, cattails, and irises; submerged plants include Vallisneria natans, Hydrilla verticillata, and Myriophyllum spicatum; and floating-leaved plants include water lilies.
4. The sludge plate and frame filter press dewatering and harmless treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The high-temperature aerobic fermentation treatment system includes a belt conveyor (9), a material crushing and mixing machine (10), a material elevator (11), and a high-temperature aerobic fermentation tank (12) connected in sequence. The belt conveyor (9) is located below the dewatered cake discharge port of the plate and frame filter press (2) and is used to receive the dewatered cake and transport it to the material crushing and mixing machine (10).
5. The sludge plate and frame filter press dewatering and harmless treatment system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The plate and frame filter press (2) is placed on the support platform (1), and a discharge trough (101) is provided on it, corresponding to the discharge port of the dewatered cake at the bottom of the plate and frame filter press (2). The belt conveyor (9) is located below the discharge trough (101) and extends along the length of the discharge trough (101). A movable crushing and dropping mechanism (3) is provided in the discharge trough (101) and can move along its length. The movable crushing and dropping mechanism (3) can actively move to the bottom of the filter plate to be unloaded, accurately receive the falling dewatered cake, and use the gravitational potential energy of the falling material to perform preliminary crushing and buffering deceleration. The plate pulling trolley (202) of the plate and frame filter press (2) is integrated with a transmission mechanism (4). The transmission mechanism (4) is used to drive the movable crushing and dropping mechanism (3) to move synchronously to the bottom of the filter plate to be unloaded.
6. The sludge plate and frame filter press dewatering and harmless treatment system according to claim 5, characterized in that: it is mobile. The crushing and feeding mechanism (3) includes guide rods (30) on both sides of the plate and frame filter press (2), a sliding connecting frame (31) slidably disposed between the two guide rods (30), and a crushing and feeding box (32) disposed on the sliding connecting frame (31).
7. The sludge plate and frame filter press dewatering and harmless treatment system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The crushing and feeding box (32) includes a box body (320), the two sides of the box body (320) are tapered from top to bottom to form a cone-shaped structure, and a cutting blade (325) is provided in the box body (320). The cutting tool (325) includes multiple longitudinal tools (3250) located above and distributed laterally along the box (320), and transverse tools (3251) located below and distributed longitudinally along the box (320). The longitudinal tools (3250) and transverse tools (3251) are intersected in space to form a grid-like cutting structure. A spacing is reserved between the cutting tool (325) and the transverse tool (3251) to meet the requirements of secondary gravity cutting.
8. The sludge plate and frame filter press dewatering and harmless treatment system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sliding connecting frame (31) includes two sliding sleeves (310) that are respectively slidably fitted outside the guide rod (30). Mounting seats (311) are fixedly connected to opposite sides of the two sliding sleeves (310). Connecting plates (312) are connected between the two ends of the two mounting seats (311). Mounting bearings (313) are fixedly installed at the center of each of the opposite sides of the two mounting seats (311). Two top plates (314) are provided on opposite sides of each of the two connecting plates (312). 314) are located at both ends of the connecting plate (312). The top of both sides of the box (320) is provided with an upwardly extending connecting ear (321). The two connecting ears (321) are provided with a rotating shaft (322) on the opposite side. The rotating shaft (322) is rotatably connected to the corresponding mounting bearing (313). The four corners of the top of the box (320) are fixed with a base plate (323). The four base plates (323) correspond to the four top plates (314), and a support spring (324) is fixedly installed between them. An extension platform (102) is fixedly provided on one side of the discharge chute (101). A row of protrusions (103) is provided on the top of the extension platform (102). A rocking abutment (326) is provided on the side of the box (320) corresponding to the extension platform (102). The rocking abutment (326) includes a fixed seat (3260) located above the extension platform (102). A rocking abutment (3261) that can abut against the protrusions (103) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the fixed seat (3260). Both the contact block (3261) and the protrusion (103) are hemispherical.
9. The sludge plate and frame filter press dewatering and harmless treatment system according to claim 8, characterized in that: A liquid collection tank (204) is provided on one side of the plate and frame filter press (2), and support columns (201) for support are provided on both sides of the plate and frame filter press (2). The transmission mechanism (4) is set on the plate pulling trolley (202) on the side without the liquid collection tank (204). The transmission mechanism (4) includes a transmission frame (40), which is specifically an inverted L-shaped structure adapted to the support column (201). One end of the transmission frame (40) is fixed on the pull plate trolley (202) and is located outside the support column (201). The spatial outline of the transmission frame (40) forms an avoidance fit with the support column (201). A support guide rail (44) is fixedly installed on the crossbeam of the support column (201). A support slide (45) that slides with the support guide rail (44) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the crossbeam of the transmission frame (40). A horizontal support platform (41) is fixedly installed at the other end of the transmission frame (40). An obstacle avoidance type push component that can avoid the obstruction of the support column (201) is provided on the horizontal support platform (41). An auxiliary push component (33) that is adapted to the obstacle avoidance type push component is provided on the sliding connection frame (31). The obstacle avoidance push assembly includes a first flap push mechanism (43) and a second flap push mechanism (42) respectively fixed on the top and bottom of the horizontal support platform (41). The auxiliary pushing component (33) includes a support frame (330) fixed on the sliding connecting frame (31) and extending toward the obstacle avoidance pushing component. The upper and lower sides of the end of the support frame (330) are respectively fixed with a first flip-plate auxiliary mechanism (331) and a second flip-plate auxiliary mechanism (332). The first flip-plate pushing mechanism (43), the second flip-plate pushing mechanism (42), the first flip-plate auxiliary mechanism (331) and the second flip-plate auxiliary mechanism (332) all include a rotary drive device (3310) and a flip plate (3311) fixed on the output shaft of the rotary drive device (3310). The flip plate (3311) can rotate 90 degrees under the drive of the rotary drive device (3310), thereby switching between a horizontal state and a vertical state. The flip plates (3311) of the first flip plate pushing mechanism (43) and the second flip plate pushing mechanism (42), and the flip plates (3311) of the first flip plate auxiliary mechanism (331) and the second flip plate auxiliary mechanism (332) are arranged in opposite directions, and the distance between the two flip plates (3311) is greater than the width of the support column (201), and the length of the flip plate (3311) is greater than the distance between the support frame (330) and the horizontal support platform (41); The auxiliary pushing component (33) and the obstacle avoidance pushing component achieve bidirectional pushing of the mobile crushing and unloading mechanism (3) through the first flip-plate pushing mechanism (43), the second flip-plate pushing mechanism (42), the first flip-plate auxiliary mechanism (331) and the second flip-plate auxiliary mechanism (332) respectively, and avoid the support column (201) during the pushing process.
10. The treatment method of the sludge plate and frame filter press dewatering and harmless treatment system according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: The method includes: The environmentally friendly sludge is transported to the plate and frame filter press unit. After being cleaned by the impurity removal system, it is transported to the sludge conditioning system for conditioning. During the conditioning process, dehydration and solidification materials are added. The dehydration and solidification materials are: 4.11 g / L PAC, 0.18 g / LAPAM and 18.06 g / L LAC. The order of addition is PAC, APAM and LAC. After conditioning, it is transported to the plate and frame filter press (2) for deep dehydration and solidification treatment. The single plate and frame filter press time is shortened to 50 min. The filter press effluent and dewatered cement cake are respectively transported to the constructed wetland treatment system and the high-temperature aerobic fermentation treatment system; The wastewater from the filter press is discharged into the lake after being filtered by an artificial wetland treatment system. Meanwhile, the dewatered cake is conveyed into the material crushing and mixing machine (10) by the belt conveyor (9), and crushed organic auxiliary materials: lotus leaves and / or lotus roots are added to the material crushing and mixing machine (10). After being fully crushed and homogenized by the material crushing and mixing machine (10), the material is lifted and transported to the high-temperature aerobic fermentation tank (12) by the material elevator (11). At the same time, microbial agents are added to the high-temperature aerobic fermentation tank (12). The volume ratio of dewatered cake, lotus leaf and lotus root auxiliary materials and microbial agents is 80:20:
1. After the material is stirred and temperature controlled in the high-temperature aerobic fermentation tank (12), the internal temperature needs to be maintained between 55-75℃, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the material is adjusted to a suitable range of 25:1 to 35:1, and finally transformed into garden greening planting soil.