Multi-cavity broken bridge metal window frame

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-cavity broken bridge metal window frame and belongs to the technical field of building doors and windows. The window frame comprises hollow glass, an indoor sash frame assembly located on the indoor side of the hollow glass and used for supporting the hollow glass, an outdoor sash frame assembly located on the outdoor side of the hollow glass and oppositely arranged with the indoor sash frame assembly, and the hollow glass is clamped between the indoor sash frame assembly and the outdoor sash frame assembly, and a bottom frame assembly connected below the indoor sash frame assembly and the outdoor sash frame assembly and used for supporting the indoor sash frame assembly and the outdoor sash frame assembly. The window frame is provided with multiple series air heat insulation layers on the indoor side, the outdoor side and the bottom. When heat is transmitted along the window frame, the heat transmission path is segmented and cut off by passing through multiple closed cavities and honeycomb cavities in sequence, and compared with the broken bridge aluminum profile provided with only one heat insulation strip and a single cavity, the equivalent heat transfer coefficient of the window frame is reduced by the overall multi-cavity layout.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building door and window technology, and in particular to a multi-chamber thermally broken metal window frame. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous improvement of building energy efficiency standards, building doors and windows, as the most frequent energy exchange parts in the building envelope, directly affect the energy consumption level of the entire building. In cold regions, a large amount of indoor heat is lost through doors and windows in winter, leading to increased heating energy consumption. In hot regions, outdoor heat is transferred into the room through doors and windows in summer, increasing the cooling burden on air conditioning. Metal window frames are widely used in various buildings due to their high strength, durability, and ease of processing. However, metal materials themselves have high thermal conductivity, which easily forms thermal bridges under the influence of indoor and outdoor temperature differences. Heat is rapidly transferred along the window frame, making the window frame one of the parts with the most serious heat loss in the building envelope. The heat transfer coefficient of traditional metal window frames is higher than that of the wall, resulting in long-term high-load operation of air conditioning and heating equipment, increasing energy consumption. Therefore, reducing the heat conduction efficiency of metal window frames, reducing the thermal bridge effect, and improving energy-saving performance have become technical issues of concern in the industry.

[0003] To improve the thermal insulation of metal window frames, thermally broken aluminum profiles have emerged in existing technologies. This structure divides the traditional one-piece metal profile into two parts: an indoor profile and an outdoor profile. A thermally broken strip with a low thermal conductivity is inserted between the two parts. The thermally broken strip acts as a connector and blocks direct contact between the metal parts, thereby reducing the heat conduction path. Some thermally broken aluminum products also have a single closed cavity inside the profile, utilizing the low thermal conductivity of still air to increase thermal resistance. In some improved designs, the shape of the thermally broken strip is optimized to be multi-chambered or wavy to extend the heat transfer path. In addition, some products fill the cavity with foam material or coat the profile surface with a low-emissivity coating. These measures reduce the heat transfer coefficient of the window frame to a certain extent and improve the building's energy efficiency.

[0004] However, existing thermal break structures typically only have one thermal break strip, resulting in a single thermal barrier path. A thermal bridge effect still exists between the indoor and outdoor profiles, limiting the insulation effect. The internal cavities of the profiles are often interconnected or open, allowing air convection within them, which weakens the static insulation capacity of the air layer. A single-cavity design cannot simultaneously meet the multiple requirements of insulation, air pressure regulation, and structural strength. In environments with strong winds or drastic temperature changes, air pressure fluctuations within the cavity can easily lead to profile deformation or seal failure, reducing water tightness and air tightness. After long-term use, thermal expansion and contraction, along with condensation buildup, can cause mold growth or metal corrosion within the cavities, reducing the durability of the window frame. Condensation is more pronounced in winter; when the surface temperature of the indoor window frame is too low, water vapor condenses into droplets, potentially damaging the window sill and wall. Leakage problems allow rainwater to enter the profile, accelerating the aging of the thermal break strip and corrosion of the connectors. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and provides a multi-chamber thermally broken metal window frame.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a multi-chamber thermally broken metal window frame, comprising:

[0007] Insulating glass;

[0008] An indoor sash frame assembly, located on the indoor side of the insulated glass, is used to support the insulated glass.

[0009] An outdoor sash frame assembly is located on the outdoor side of the insulated glass, opposite to the indoor sash frame assembly, and the insulated glass is sandwiched between the indoor sash frame assembly and the outdoor sash frame assembly.

[0010] A bottom frame assembly is connected below the indoor sash assembly and the outdoor sash assembly to support the indoor sash assembly and the outdoor sash assembly.

[0011] The isobaric functional chamber is formed by the indoor fan frame assembly, the outdoor fan frame assembly, and the bottom frame assembly, and is used for air pressure regulation.

[0012] The multi-chamber thermally broken metal window frame is configured such that: the frame is formed by the indoor sash frame assembly, the outdoor sash frame assembly and the bottom frame assembly, which carries the insulated glass, and the isobaric functional cavity is used to balance the indoor and outdoor air pressure, thereby reducing indoor and outdoor heat conduction and improving the building's energy-saving performance.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the indoor fan frame assembly includes: an indoor fan frame profile, and a first inner closed cavity and a second inner closed cavity disposed inside the indoor fan frame profile.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first inner closed cavity and the second inner closed cavity are arranged vertically inside the interior fan frame profile; the first inner closed cavity and the second inner closed cavity are completely isolated from each other by at least one transverse reinforcing rib.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outdoor fan frame assembly includes: an outdoor fan frame profile and an upper honeycomb insulation cavity, wherein the upper honeycomb insulation cavity is disposed on the indoor side of the outdoor fan frame profile.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the interior of the upper honeycomb insulation cavity is provided with a honeycomb-shaped support structure.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom frame assembly includes: an outer fan bottom profile, a third inner closed cavity and a fourth inner closed cavity disposed inside the outer fan bottom profile, and a lower honeycomb heat insulation cavity disposed above the outer fan bottom profile.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the third inner closed cavity and the fourth inner closed cavity are arranged vertically inside the bottom profile of the outer fan; the third inner closed cavity and the fourth inner closed cavity are completely isolated from each other by at least one transverse reinforcing rib.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lower honeycomb insulation cavity is provided with a honeycomb-shaped support structure inside.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the indoor edge of the insulating glass is embedded in the slot of the indoor sash frame assembly, and the outdoor edge of the insulating glass is embedded in the slot of the outdoor sash frame assembly.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the isobaric functional cavity is provided with a ventilation structure connecting the indoor side and the outdoor side; the ventilation structure includes a ventilation hole disposed at the lower end of the vertical wall of the bottom profile of the outer fan facing the outdoor side, and a waterproof and breathable membrane covering the outside of the ventilation hole.

[0022] This invention addresses the shortcomings of the prior art and has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] (1) The first and second inner closed cavities inside the indoor sash frame assembly are arranged vertically, and the third and fourth inner closed cavities inside the bottom frame assembly are also arranged vertically. This vertical stacking structure utilizes the complete separation formed by the horizontal reinforcing ribs between the upper and lower closed cavities, so that the air in each cavity cannot form a vertical circulation. The natural convection that will inevitably occur in the traditional single-height cavity due to the temperature difference is suppressed in its respective cavity, so that the air in each cavity remains in a static and purely thermally conductive state. Compared with the existing thermally broken window frames, which usually only have a single-layer cavity or have multiple cavities but do not consider the vertical division and convection suppression relationship, by decomposing the cavity height into multiple low-profile cavities, the height of each cavity is less than the critical size for natural air convection. Even under large indoor and outdoor temperature differences, the air insulation layer inside the window frame will not experience a sudden drop in thermal resistance due to the start of convection, thus maintaining stable thermal insulation performance over a wide temperature range.

[0024] (2) The isobaric functional cavity is formed by the lower surface of the indoor fan frame assembly, the lower surface of the outdoor fan frame assembly, and the upper surface of the bottom frame assembly. This isobaric functional cavity is spatially independent of the upper honeycomb insulation cavity, the lower honeycomb insulation cavity, and each inner enclosed cavity. Its ventilation structure is only located at the lower end of the vertical wall of the bottom profile of the outdoor fan facing the outside, ensuring that the isobaric functional cavity is only connected to the outdoor side and isolated from the indoor side and each insulation cavity. When the air pressure inside the isobaric functional cavity fluctuates with the outdoor wind pressure, the pressure change will not be transmitted to any enclosed cavity used for insulation, thereby avoiding… This design eliminates the periodic compression and expansion of air within the insulation cavity due to pressure fluctuations. Compared to some existing window frames that connect or share the air pressure regulating cavity with the insulation cavity, this design eliminates the disruption to the thermal stability of the static air layer caused by periodic compression and expansion. Compression and expansion can lead to adiabatic temperature rises or falls in the air within the cavity, resulting in additional heat flow. This design keeps the air within the insulation cavity static, and its thermal resistance depends only on the cavity's geometry and material properties, rather than being affected by outdoor wind pressure fluctuations, thus improving the thermal performance stability of the window frame under dynamic climate conditions.

[0025] (3) The upper honeycomb insulation cavity is set on the indoor side of the outdoor sash frame profile and its internal honeycomb support structure extends horizontally in the indoor and outdoor directions. The lower honeycomb insulation cavity is set on the top of the bottom profile of the outdoor sash and its honeycomb grid extends vertically. The honeycomb grid axes of the two honeycomb cavities are perpendicular to each other. When the window frame is subjected to external forces in different directions, the two honeycomb cavities provide bending stiffness in different directions. The upper honeycomb insulation cavity mainly resists the horizontal bending deformation caused by wind pressure, and the lower honeycomb insulation cavity mainly resists the vertical compression deformation and bending deformation caused by the weight of the glass. Compared with the existing technology, the multi-chamber thermal break window frame usually sets honeycomb or reinforcing ribs in only one direction. The layout of orthogonal honeycomb cavities realizes the independent optimization of the stiffness of the window frame in two orthogonal directions. Without increasing the wall thickness and weight of the profile, the structural requirements of wind pressure resistance and gravity deformation resistance are met at the same time. Moreover, the thermal insulation function and mechanical function of the two honeycomb cavities are completely integrated, and no thermal insulation performance is sacrificed due to the increase in stiffness. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a perspective structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of a multi-chamber thermally broken metal window frame according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the interior sash frame profile of a preferred embodiment of a multi-chamber thermally broken metal window frame according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the outdoor sash frame profile of a preferred embodiment of a multi-chamber thermally broken metal window frame according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the bottom profile of the outer sash of a preferred embodiment of a multi-chamber thermally broken metal window frame according to the present invention.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Insulating glass; 2. Indoor sash frame profile; 3. First inner closed cavity; 4. Second inner closed cavity; 5. Outdoor sash frame profile; 6. Upper honeycomb insulation cavity; 7. Pressure equalization functional cavity; 8. Lower honeycomb insulation cavity; 9. Bottom profile of the outer sash; 10. Third inner closed cavity; 11. Fourth inner closed cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0034] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0035] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, a multi-chamber thermally broken metal window frame includes:

[0037] Insulating glass 1;

[0038] An indoor sash frame assembly is located on the indoor side of the insulating glass 1 and is used to support the insulating glass 1.

[0039] An outdoor sash assembly is located on the outdoor side of the insulating glass 1, opposite to the indoor sash assembly, and the insulating glass 1 is sandwiched between the indoor sash assembly and the outdoor sash assembly.

[0040] A bottom frame assembly is connected below the indoor sash assembly and the outdoor sash assembly to support the indoor sash assembly and the outdoor sash assembly.

[0041] The isobaric functional chamber 7 is formed by the indoor fan frame assembly, the outdoor fan frame assembly, and the bottom frame assembly, and is used for air pressure regulation.

[0042] The multi-chamber thermally broken metal window frame is configured such that: the frame is formed by the indoor sash frame assembly, the outdoor sash frame assembly and the bottom frame assembly, which supports the insulated glass 1, and the isobaric functional cavity 7 is used to balance the indoor and outdoor air pressure, thereby reducing indoor and outdoor heat conduction and improving the building's energy-saving performance.

[0043] The core concept of this invention is to form an isobaric functional cavity 7 by enclosing the indoor fan frame assembly, the outdoor fan frame assembly, and the bottom frame assembly, and to set multiple independent closed cavities and honeycomb insulation cavities inside each assembly, thereby constructing a composite thermal break structure with multiple series thermal resistance and air pressure self-balancing.

[0044] Example 1:

[0045] like Figures 1-4 As shown, the insulated glass 1 serves as a transparent enclosure component, undertaking the dual functions of light transmission and heat insulation. The indoor sash frame assembly and the outdoor sash frame assembly are located on the indoor and outdoor sides of the insulated glass 1, respectively. They are arranged opposite to each other and together clamp and fix the insulated glass 1. The bottom frame assembly is connected to the bottom of the indoor sash frame assembly and the outdoor sash frame assembly, providing vertical support and installation reference for the entire sash frame.

[0046] Understandably, the aforementioned indoor fan frame assembly, outdoor fan frame assembly, and bottom frame assembly are all made of metal materials, such as aluminum alloy or stainless steel profiles, to ensure sufficient structural strength and durability, while thermal insulation strips are introduced at the connection between the metal profiles to block direct heat conduction paths.

[0047] Specifically, the indoor fan frame assembly includes an indoor fan frame profile 2, in which a first inner closed cavity 3 and a second inner closed cavity 4 are formed, and the first inner closed cavity 3 and the second inner closed cavity 4 are arranged vertically.

[0048] Furthermore, the outdoor fan frame assembly includes an outdoor fan frame profile 5 and an upper honeycomb insulation cavity 6 disposed on the indoor side of the outdoor fan frame profile 5; the bottom frame assembly includes an outer fan bottom profile 9, in which a third inner closed cavity 10 and a fourth inner closed cavity 11 arranged vertically are formed, and a lower honeycomb insulation cavity 8 is disposed above the outer fan bottom profile 9; and the lower surface of the indoor fan frame assembly, the lower surface of the outdoor fan frame assembly and the upper surface of the outer fan bottom profile 9 together form an independent isobaric functional cavity 7.

[0049] It should be noted that the basic principle is that, whether heat is transferred from indoors to outdoors or in the opposite direction, it will pass through multiple low thermal conductivity areas composed of closed air layers in the window frame profile. Each chamber constitutes a thermal resistance unit. Multiple thermal resistance units are connected in series and superimposed, which greatly extends the path of heat transfer and weakens the driving force of heat conduction.

[0050] Meanwhile, the honeycomb insulation cavity utilizes its internal honeycomb support structure to divide the large cavity into numerous tiny, independent sub-cavities, effectively suppressing air convection and radiative heat transfer within the cavity. The isobaric functional cavity 7 acts as a pressure buffer space, maintaining real-time pressure balance with the outdoor side through a specific ventilation structure, eliminating the pressure difference between the inner and outer sealing interfaces of the sash frame, and in principle preventing rainwater and moisture from intruding into the interior under wind pressure. Through these methods, the multi-cavity thermally broken metal window frame can simultaneously achieve low heat transfer, high water tightness, high air tightness, and long-lasting anti-condensation effects.

[0051] Specifically, the interior sash frame profile 2 is a metal extrusion profile extending circumferentially along the window frame. The interior of the profile is divided by one or more transverse reinforcing ribs to form a first inner closed cavity 3 and a second inner closed cavity 4. The first inner closed cavity 3 is located in the upper area inside the interior sash frame profile 2, and the second inner closed cavity 4 is located in the lower area. The two cavities are completely isolated by reinforcing ribs in the vertical direction, are independent of each other, and are both fully enclosed structures. That is, the cavities are isolated from the outside by end sealing or welding at both ends of the profile in the longitudinal direction, ensuring that the internal air cannot be exchanged with the outside.

[0052] Furthermore, the cross-sectional shape of the first inner closed cavity 3 and the second inner closed cavity 4 can be rectangular, trapezoidal or rectangular with rounded corners. The specific shape can be adaptively adjusted according to the overall wall thickness distribution and stress requirements of the profile. However, no matter how it changes, the core is to form two vertically stacked static air cavities.

[0053] It should be noted that the interior sash frame 2 has a slot with an opening facing the edge of the insulating glass 1 on the side facing the insulating glass 1. The slot is usually equipped with an elastic sealing strip. The interior edge of the insulating glass 1 is embedded in the slot and is elastically clamped and fixed by the sealing strip. The exposed surface of the interior sash frame 2 can be surface treated according to the decoration requirements, such as spraying, fluorocarbon baking paint or covering with wood grain transfer film, to meet the interior decoration style, but this does not affect the heat insulation function of its internal cavity.

[0054] Specifically, the outdoor sash frame 5 is also a metal extrusion profile, the main part of its cross-section is located on the outdoor side of the insulating glass 1, and has a structure that is opposite to the indoor sash frame 2; on the indoor side of the outdoor sash frame 5, that is, the side facing the pressure equalization functional cavity 7 and the indoor sash frame 2, an upper honeycomb heat insulation cavity 6 is integrally formed or fixedly connected.

[0055] Furthermore, the cavity wall of the upper honeycomb insulation cavity 6 can be a flat rectangular cavity formed by bending a thin metal plate or by directly enclosing a profile wall, and its interior is provided with a honeycomb support structure.

[0056] For example, the honeycomb support structure consists of multiple continuously arranged regular hexagonal honeycomb cells, the axis of which extends along the thickness direction of the profile, i.e., perpendicular to the indoor and outdoor direction.

[0057] Specifically, the honeycomb core material can be made of lightweight aluminum alloy foil, stainless steel foil or weather-resistant engineering plastic sheet, which are bonded or welded to form a honeycomb structure. Its two ends are respectively tightly attached to the two opposite inner walls of the upper honeycomb heat insulation cavity 6, for example, by structural adhesive or high-temperature brazing.

[0058] It should be noted that the honeycomb support structure not only divides the internal space of the cavity into a large number of tiny closed or semi-closed air chambers, but also significantly enhances the overall rigidity and bending and torsional resistance of the upper honeycomb insulation cavity 6, so that the cavity can serve as a heat insulation component while also having a structural load-bearing function; the outdoor side of the upper honeycomb insulation cavity 6 is directly connected to the main body of the outdoor sash frame 5, while the indoor side faces the pressure equalization functional cavity 7; the outdoor sash frame 5 is also provided with a slot, and the outdoor edge of the insulating glass 1 is embedded in the slot and fixed by a sealing strip; in this way, the insulating glass 1 is clamped from both sides by the indoor sash frame assembly and the outdoor sash frame assembly to form a stable glass fixing structure.

[0059] Specifically, the bottom profile 9 of the outer sash in the bottom frame assembly serves as the main load-bearing beam at the bottom of the window sash, used for load-bearing and drainage. The interior of the bottom profile 9 of the outer sash is also divided by horizontal reinforcing ribs to form a third inner closed cavity 10 and a fourth inner closed cavity 11. The third inner closed cavity 10 is located above the fourth inner closed cavity 11. The two are arranged vertically and are both fully enclosed independent air cavities.

[0060] Furthermore, a lower honeycomb insulation cavity 8 is provided above the bottom profile 9 of the outer sash. The structure of the lower honeycomb insulation cavity 8 is similar to that of the upper honeycomb insulation cavity 6. It also has a honeycomb support structure inside, such as a regular hexagonal honeycomb grid. The axis of the honeycomb grid is set vertically or along the height of the profile to provide strong vertical support while ensuring the heat insulation effect and to bear the weight of the insulated glass 1 and the sash frame assembly. The bottom surface of the lower honeycomb insulation cavity 8 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the bottom profile 9 of the outer sash, and its top surface directly faces the pressure equalization functional cavity 7.

[0061] Furthermore, the equal pressure functional cavity 7 is a cavity formed by the lower surface of the indoor sash frame profile 2, the lower surface of the outdoor sash frame profile 5, and the upper surface of the lower honeycomb insulation cavity 8 in the bottom frame assembly. This cavity extends continuously along the entire lower frame of the window sash and connects with the reserved channels on the left and right vertical frames of the window sash, forming an annular or semi-annular cavity space.

[0062] It should be noted that the isobaric functional chamber 7 is an independent functional chamber that is not spatially connected to the aforementioned internal enclosed chambers and honeycomb insulation chambers. It is only connected to the outdoor environment through a specially designed ventilation structure.

[0063] Specifically, the ventilation structure of the pressure equalization functional cavity 7 may include at least one ventilation hole opened on the side wall or bottom wall of the outer fan bottom profile 9 and communicating with the pressure equalization functional cavity 7, and optionally a water-blocking and insect-blocking net cover disposed outside the ventilation hole.

[0064] For example, a row of ventilation holes with a circular or oblong cross-section is opened at the lower end of the vertical wall of the bottom profile 9 of the outer fan facing the outside. The ventilation holes penetrate the profile wall and enter the pressure equalization chamber 7, so that outdoor air can enter the pressure equalization chamber 7 through the holes, thereby achieving dynamic balance of air pressure inside and outside the chamber. In order to prevent rainwater and insects from entering while achieving air pressure balance, a downward-sloping rainproof eave can be set on the outside of the ventilation holes, and stainless steel insect netting can be covered inside or outside the holes.

[0065] It is understandable that the pressure equalization chamber 7 is not directly connected to the indoor side in a large area. Its opening to the indoor side is sealed by the indoor fan frame profile 2 and the corresponding sealing strip, allowing air pressure to be transmitted only in a very small gap. Therefore, the pressure balance between the ventilation structure and the outside is mainly established by the ventilation structure.

[0066] Specifically, the indoor sash frame profile 2 and the outdoor sash frame profile 5 are connected to the bottom profile 9 of the outer sash at their respective lower ends by thermal insulation strips. A first thermal insulation strip groove is provided at the bottom of the indoor sash frame profile 2, and a second thermal insulation strip groove is provided at the bottom of the outdoor sash frame profile 5. Matching grooves are provided on the corresponding top surface of the bottom profile 9 of the outer sash. Then, the two thermal insulation strips are respectively embedded into the corresponding grooves, and the profiles and thermal insulation strips are fastened together by rolling or tightening processes.

[0067] Furthermore, the aforementioned thermal insulation strip is made of materials with low thermal conductivity such as glass fiber reinforced polyamide, which completely isolates the metal contact between the indoor fan frame profile 2 and the outer fan bottom profile 9, as well as between the outdoor fan frame profile 5 and the outer fan bottom profile 9. Force is transmitted only through the thermal insulation strip. The inner wall of the isobaric functional cavity 7 is mostly composed of the side of the thermal insulation strip and the local surface of the profile. The thermal resistance of the thermal insulation strip is very high. This makes the isobaric functional cavity 7, while serving as a pressure balancing space, also form an air thermal insulation barrier, which, together with other cavities, participates in blocking thermal bridges.

[0068] It should be noted that the connection points of the above-mentioned profile components and the joints between the pressure equalization functional cavity 7 and adjacent components are all equipped with elastic sealing strips or sealing wool strips according to the sealing level requirements, so as to restrict the flow of air and water vapor in non-designed paths.

[0069] For example, the sealing strips between the indoor sash frame profile 2 and the insulated glass 1, the sealing strips between the outdoor sash frame profile 5 and the insulated glass 1, and the overlapping sealing strips between each profile and the corresponding fixed frame, etc., work together with the pressure equalization chamber 7 to ensure that the window frame has good airtightness in a static state, while when the wind pressure changes dynamically, the pressure equalization chamber 7 eliminates the pressure difference on both sides of the main seal to ensure long-term effective sealing.

[0070] Example 2:

[0071] Based on the multi-chamber thermally broken metal window frame described in Example 1, this example further optimizes the ventilation structure of the isobaric functional chamber 7 to enhance its waterproof and breathable capabilities under extreme wind and rain conditions and its ability to block tiny insects, while not hindering the rapid response of air pressure balance.

[0072] It is understood that a basic ventilation structure has been disclosed in Embodiment 1, which can meet the isobaric requirements under normal weather conditions by opening ventilation holes in the bottom profile 9 of the outer fan and setting water-blocking eaves and insect-proof nets.

[0073] However, in severe weather such as typhoons and rainstorms, high-pressure airflow may carry a large number of raindrops and sweep across the ventilation holes. If only the water-blocking eaves are used, a small amount of water droplets may still enter the isobaric functional cavity 7 with the high-speed airflow, and long-term accumulation may increase the humidity inside the cavity. In addition, some tiny insects may also enter the cavity through the mesh to build nests. In order to solve these potential problems, this embodiment introduces a ventilation structure that combines a waterproof and breathable membrane with a labyrinthine channel.

[0074] Specifically, the main window frame structure of Embodiment 1 is still used, including an indoor sash frame profile 2, a first inner closed cavity 3, a second inner closed cavity 4, an outdoor sash frame profile 5, an upper honeycomb insulation cavity 6, an outer sash bottom profile 9 in the bottom frame assembly, a third inner closed cavity 10, a fourth inner closed cavity 11, a lower honeycomb insulation cavity 8, and an isobaric functional cavity 7 formed by the three; the difference from Embodiment 1 is that the ventilation structure of the isobaric functional cavity 7 is constructed as a modular respirator that combines waterproof, breathable and air pressure conduction functions.

[0075] Furthermore, the respirator includes a through hole on the side wall of the bottom profile 9 of the outer fan, a waterproof and breathable membrane covering the through hole, and an outer protective cover. The waterproof and breathable membrane can be made of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) microporous membrane with a pore size between 0.1 micrometers and several micrometers, which is much smaller than the minimum diameter of a raindrop, but much larger than the mean free path of water vapor molecules and air molecules. Therefore, it allows air and water vapor to pass through freely, while effectively preventing the penetration of liquid water.

[0076] It should be noted that the ePTFE membrane can be fixed in the annular mounting groove inside or outside the through hole by hot pressing or bonding to form an airtight and watertight isolation interface. The outer protective cover is fixed to the side wall of the profile by buckles or screws, and air intake openings are opened at its bottom and sides to form a tortuous labyrinth-like air intake path.

[0077] Understandably, when strong winds carry rain, the airflow and raindrops first enter the tortuous channels of the outer protective cover. Most of the raindrops are intercepted by the inertial impact on the channel walls and drip down the walls. The airflow changes direction and continues to flow, then passes through the waterproof and breathable membrane into the isobaric functional chamber 7. Even if a very small amount of tiny water droplets reach the membrane surface, they cannot penetrate the membrane layer. In this way, the isobaric functional chamber 7 establishes a smooth air conduction channel with the outdoor environment through the waterproof and breathable membrane and the labyrinthine path, but there is no way for liquid water to enter.

[0078] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the ventilation structure can also have a high-density insect-proof net added to the inner or outer side of the waterproof and breathable membrane to form a multi-layer barrier. When the air pressure changes, outdoor air can enter the isobaric functional chamber 7 through the maze channel, insect-proof net, and waterproof and breathable membrane with almost no delay. The air pressure inside the chamber changes accordingly, thereby maintaining a dynamic balance with the outdoor side.

[0079] Example 3:

[0080] Based on the multi-chamber thermally broken metal window frame disclosed in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, this embodiment further enhances the thermal insulation capabilities of the upper honeycomb thermal insulation cavity 6 and the lower honeycomb thermal insulation cavity 8 to cope with ultra-low or ultra-high temperature difference environments in extremely cold or hot regions.

[0081] The basic window frame structure and chamber layout remain unchanged, namely, the indoor sash frame assembly has a first inner closed cavity 3 and a second inner closed cavity 4 arranged vertically, the outdoor sash frame assembly has an upper honeycomb insulation cavity 6, the bottom frame assembly has a third inner closed cavity 10, a fourth inner closed cavity 11 and a lower honeycomb insulation cavity 8, and an isobaric functional cavity 7 enclosed by the three.

[0082] In order to improve the equivalent thermal resistance of the honeycomb insulation cavity, this embodiment fills the interior of the upper honeycomb insulation cavity 6, the interior of the lower honeycomb insulation cavity 8, or both with a solid or foam-like insulation material with a low thermal conductivity.

[0083] It should be noted that the filling referred to here is not replacing the honeycomb structure, but rather filling the individual tiny cells of the honeycomb with insulation material while retaining the honeycomb support structure, or using the honeycomb structure as a skeleton to embed the insulation material into the cavity as a whole. This maintains the honeycomb structure's ability to suppress air convection and its structural support function, while further reducing radiation and conduction heat transfer inside the cavity.

[0084] Optionally, the filling material can be open-cell polyurethane foam, which is directly poured into the honeycomb cavity during the foaming process and, after curing, tightly bonds with the honeycomb wall to form a composite insulation of metal honeycomb and organic foam. The thermal conductivity of polyurethane foam is typically below 0.025 W / (m·K), far lower than that of air (around 0.026 W / (m·K), and if its closed-cell ratio is properly controlled, it can capture low thermal conductivity gases within the micropores, greatly improving thermal resistance.

[0085] For example, aerogel felt can also be used as filling material. Aerogel felt has extremely low thermal conductivity and is a flexible material that can be cut into strips that match the size of the honeycomb grid. It can be filled into each honeycomb cell by pressing or pasting, or the entire piece of aerogel felt can be laid above or below the honeycomb cavity and sealed with a cover plate. After filling, when heat passes through the upper honeycomb insulation cavity 6 or the lower honeycomb insulation cavity 8, it is first conducted through the honeycomb metal walls. However, the metal walls are spaced apart and very thin, and the cross-sectional area for heat conduction is very limited. Most of the heat flow must pass through the filling material layer. The heat is greatly scattered and blocked in the nanoporous structure of the foam or aerogel, and the heat transfer coefficient is further reduced.

[0086] Specifically, considering that the filling material may affect the volume and ventilation of the isobaric functional cavity 7, in this embodiment, the filling is limited to the internal space of the honeycomb insulation cavity and does not extend into the isobaric functional cavity 7; the walls of the honeycomb insulation cavity remain intact, and the filling material is completely enclosed in its respective cavity, so it will not cause any interference to the pressure balance function of the isobaric functional cavity 7.

[0087] Meanwhile, the third inner closed cavity 10 and the fourth inner closed cavity 11 in the bottom frame assembly, as well as the first inner closed cavity 3 and the second inner closed cavity 4 of the indoor fan frame profile 2, are still purely static air cavities. Together with the honeycomb cavity filled with thermal insulation material, they form a gradient thermal insulation system of air cavity + composite honeycomb cavity, so that different heat transfer mechanisms are blocked at their most effective parts.

[0088] It is understandable that there is a significant synergistic effect between the honeycomb cavity filled with high-efficiency thermal insulation material and the isobaric functional cavity 7. The isobaric functional cavity 7 ensures that the area is always free from liquid water intrusion, thereby avoiding the problem of a sharp increase in thermal conductivity due to moisture absorption by foam or aerogel. Many thermal insulation materials perform well in a dry state, but once they become damp, their thermal resistance drops significantly. The isobaric and sealing design of this invention makes this high-performance filling possible and maintains its performance over a long period of time.

[0089] Meanwhile, due to the further enhancement of the honeycomb cavity's thermal insulation capacity, the temperature difference on both sides of the isobaric functional cavity 7 is more gradual, reducing the driving force for water vapor diffusion caused by temperature differences. Combined with the air pressure balancing effect of the ventilation structure, a highly stable thermal and moisture barrier is formed inside the window frame. This structure allows the window frame to maintain the surface temperature of the indoor profile close to room temperature even in a wide range of ambient temperatures from -40℃ to +50℃, effectively preventing condensation and expanding the applicable geographical range of multi-chamber thermally broken metal window frames.

[0090] Example 4:

[0091] This embodiment further improves the bottom drainage path and sealing reliability of multi-chamber thermally broken metal window frames.

[0092] In the aforementioned embodiment, the pressure equalization chamber 7 undertakes the function of air pressure balance, while the bottom of the window frame will inevitably produce a small amount of water accumulation due to condensation or micro-leakage; if the water remains in the pressure equalization chamber 7 or near the lower honeycomb insulation chamber 8 for a long time, it may seep into the inner closed cavity along the profile gaps or erode the insulation strip.

[0093] Therefore, while maintaining the multi-chamber layout of Embodiment 1, this embodiment integrates a controllable drainage path in the bottom frame assembly to ensure that accumulated water is discharged to the outside in a timely manner without compromising the heat insulation and pressure balance of the chamber.

[0094] Specifically, within the bottom profile 9 of the outer fan, although the third inner closed cavity 10 and the fourth inner closed cavity 11 are fully enclosed chambers, at least one drainage hole is provided in the area where the bottom outer wall communicates with the outside. This drainage hole is formed by an independent drainage channel outside the third inner closed cavity 10 and the fourth inner closed cavity 11. That is to say, the drainage channel is completely isolated from the inner closed cavity, and the drainage channel is only connected to the bottom of the pressure equalization functional cavity 7 and the possible surface runoff area.

[0095] For example, a water collection trough is provided on the top surface of the bottom profile 9 of the outer fan facing the pressure equalization chamber 7. A vertical drain hole is opened at the low point of the water collection trough. The drain hole leads to the drain nozzle at the bottom of the outdoor side through an inclined channel in the profile wall. The drain nozzle extends out of the outer surface of the profile and is provided with a downward-curved drip structure to ensure that the discharged water does not flow back along the profile surface. A water guiding slope can be provided on the bottom surface of the lower honeycomb insulation chamber 8 to guide the condensate that may be generated to the water collection trough. At the same time, the position of the vent of the pressure equalization chamber 7 is higher than the highest water level line of the water collection trough to prevent water from overflowing from the vent to the outside or blocking the air passage.

[0096] Furthermore, absorbent cotton strips or water-guiding fibers can be optionally laid in the bottom water collection groove of the pressure equalization functional cavity 7 to quickly guide the small amount of accumulated water to the drainage hole using capillary action, ensuring effective drainage even when the window frame is horizontal or slightly tilted during installation.

[0097] Example 5:

[0098] This embodiment combines and expands upon the features of the aforementioned embodiments to form a preferred window frame solution that simultaneously possesses multi-chamber thermal insulation, isobaric balance, waterproof and breathable properties, thorough drainage, and structural reinforcement.

[0099] It is understandable that in practical engineering applications, one or more of the technical means in the above embodiments can be flexibly selected and combined according to the climate zone of the building location, the building height and the wind load level.

[0100] For example, the basic multi-chamber structure of Embodiment 1, the waterproof and breathable membrane ventilation structure of Embodiment 2, the honeycomb cavity filling insulation material of Embodiment 3, and the independent drainage path of Embodiment 4 are all integrated into the same window frame product. At this time, the indoor sash frame profile 2 is provided with a first inner closed cavity 3 and a second inner closed cavity 4, the indoor side of the outdoor sash frame profile 5 is provided with an upper honeycomb insulation cavity 6 and is filled with foamed polyurethane or aerogel felt, the bottom frame assembly is provided with a third inner closed cavity 10 and a fourth inner closed cavity 11 inside the bottom profile 9 of the outer sash, and the lower honeycomb insulation cavity 8 is also filled with insulation material. At the same time, the ventilation holes of the equal pressure functional cavity 7 are covered with an ePTFE waterproof and breathable membrane and are provided with a labyrinth-type outer cover. The bottom of the equal pressure functional cavity 7 is provided with an independent drainage channel and a drip structure. In addition, PA66GF25 thermal insulation strips are used to achieve thermal break connection at the connection of each profile, and long-lasting sealing strips are provided between the insulating glass 1 and the sash frame and between the sash frame and the fixed frame.

[0101] It should be noted that the components in this fully integrated solution are not simply a functional stacking, but rather generate a deeper level of mutual promotion and functional compensation. While the honeycomb cavity filling insulation material greatly increases thermal resistance, it also increases the volume and weight of the cavity. However, the honeycomb support structure and profile reinforcement ribs together ensure overall rigidity without affecting load-bearing capacity. The waterproof and breathable membrane completely blocks rainwater while achieving dynamic balance in the isobaric cavity, allowing the high-efficiency filling material to remain effective for a long time. The independent drainage system absorbs any possible residual moisture, further ensuring the dryness of the insulation cavity. The isobaric balance reduces the load on the sealing strips, extending their lifespan, while the long-lasting seal reduces the burden on the drainage path of the isobaric cavity. The resulting window frame achieves a relatively ideal comprehensive performance in terms of heat transfer coefficient, water tightness, air tightness, wind pressure resistance, and durability, meeting the stringent requirements of ultra-low energy buildings and even near-zero energy buildings for window components.

[0102] For example, this embodiment may also add a reserved slot for a humidity sensor and a micro heating wire on the outside of the indoor sash frame profile 2 or in the isobaric functional cavity 7 while keeping the above-mentioned core features unchanged, so as to meet the future upgrade needs of the smart window frame. However, such additional functions should not be regarded as a limitation on the essential technical features of the present invention.

[0103] When the present invention is used, the insulating glass 1 is held from both sides by the indoor sash frame assembly and the outdoor sash frame assembly, and the bottom frame assembly bears the weight of the entire sash frame.

[0104] When there is a temperature difference between indoors and outdoors, heat is transferred from the high-temperature side to the low-temperature side. It first encounters the first inner closed cavity 3 and the second inner closed cavity 4 inside the indoor fan frame profile 2. The still air in the two closed cavities forms a series thermal resistance, which forces the heat flow intensity to decrease step by step.

[0105] The residual heat is conducted along the profile wall to the thermal insulation strip, which separates the metal contact between the indoor fan frame profile 2, the outdoor fan frame profile 5 and the bottom profile 9 of the outer fan, further extending the heat transfer path;

[0106] The heat flow then enters the isobaric functional cavity 7, whose inner wall is mostly composed of heat insulation strips and honeycomb heat insulation cavity with low thermal conductivity surfaces, thus suppressing both heat conduction and radiative heat dissipation.

[0107] When heat flows towards the outside, it encounters the upper honeycomb insulation cavity 6 or the lower honeycomb insulation cavity 8. The honeycomb support structure divides the cavity into tiny air chambers, inhibiting convective and radiative heat transfer.

[0108] Afterwards, the heat passes through the third inner closed cavity 10 and the fourth inner closed cavity 11 or the outdoor fan frame profile 5, and is again subjected to the thermal resistance of the closed air cavity, and finally dissipates to the outside.

[0109] When the outdoor wind pressure fluctuates, the equal pressure functional chamber 7 is connected to the outdoor atmosphere through the ventilation structure, and the air pressure inside the chamber tends to be consistent with the outdoor side in real time, eliminating the instantaneous pressure difference on both sides of the sealing strip.

[0110] Rainwater cannot penetrate indoors due to the lack of pressure differential, and the sealing strip no longer bears repeated pressure differential loads, thus slowing down the aging process.

[0111] The interior of the isobaric functional cavity 7 is kept dry to prevent moisture from penetrating into the honeycomb insulation cavity and the inner closed cavity;

[0112] A small amount of condensate is discharged to the outside through an independent drainage channel, and the drainage path is completely isolated from the enclosed air cavity;

[0113] Multiple air insulation layers, isobaric functional chamber 7, honeycomb insulation chamber, and drainage channels work together to achieve a comprehensive operating effect of low heat transfer, high water tightness, and high durability.

[0114] Based on the preferred embodiments of the present invention described above, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the inventive concept. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A multiple cavity, broken bridge metal window frame, characterized by, include: Insulating glass (1); An indoor sash frame assembly is located on the indoor side of the insulating glass (1) and is used to support the insulating glass (1). An outdoor sash assembly is located on the outdoor side of the insulating glass (1), and is disposed opposite to the indoor sash assembly, and the insulating glass (1) is sandwiched between the indoor sash assembly and the outdoor sash assembly; A bottom frame assembly is connected below the indoor sash assembly and the outdoor sash assembly to support the indoor sash assembly and the outdoor sash assembly. The isobaric functional chamber (7) is formed by the indoor fan frame assembly, the outdoor fan frame assembly and the bottom frame assembly, and is used for air pressure regulation. The multi-chamber thermally broken metal window frame is configured such that: the frame is formed by the indoor sash frame assembly, the outdoor sash frame assembly and the bottom frame assembly, which carries the insulated glass (1), and the equal pressure functional cavity (7) is used to balance the indoor and outdoor air pressure, thereby reducing indoor and outdoor heat conduction and improving the building's energy-saving performance.

2. A multiple cavity broken bridge metal window frame according to claim 1, wherein, The indoor fan frame assembly includes: an indoor fan frame profile (2), and a first inner closed cavity (3) and a second inner closed cavity (4) disposed inside the indoor fan frame profile (2).

3. A multiple cavity broken bridge metal window frame according to claim 2, wherein: The first inner closed cavity (3) and the second inner closed cavity (4) are arranged vertically inside the interior fan frame profile (2); the first inner closed cavity (3) and the second inner closed cavity (4) are completely isolated by at least one transverse reinforcing rib.

4. The multi-cavity broken bridge metal window frame of claim 1, wherein, The outdoor fan frame assembly includes an outdoor fan frame profile (5) and an upper honeycomb insulation cavity (6), wherein the upper honeycomb insulation cavity (6) is disposed on the indoor side of the outdoor fan frame profile (5).

5. A multiple cavity broken bridge metal window frame according to claim 4, wherein: The upper honeycomb insulation cavity (6) has a honeycomb-shaped support structure inside.

6. The multiple cavity broken bridge metal window frame of claim 1, wherein, The bottom frame assembly includes: an outer fan bottom profile (9), a third inner closed cavity (10) and a fourth inner closed cavity (11) disposed inside the outer fan bottom profile (9), and a lower honeycomb insulation cavity (8) disposed above the outer fan bottom profile (9).

7. A multiple cavity broken bridge metal window frame according to claim 6, wherein: The third inner closed cavity (10) and the fourth inner closed cavity (11) are arranged vertically inside the bottom profile (9) of the outer fan; the third inner closed cavity (10) and the fourth inner closed cavity (11) are completely isolated from each other by at least one transverse reinforcing rib.

8. The multiple cavity broken bridge metal window frame of claim 6, wherein: The lower honeycomb insulation cavity (8) has a honeycomb-shaped support structure inside.

9. The multiple cavity broken bridge metal window frame of claim 1, wherein: The indoor edge of the insulating glass (1) is embedded in the slot of the indoor sash frame assembly, and the outdoor edge of the insulating glass (1) is embedded in the slot of the outdoor sash frame assembly.

10. A multi-chamber thermally broken metal window frame according to claim 6, characterized in that: The isobaric functional cavity (7) is provided with a ventilation structure connecting the indoor side and the outdoor side; the ventilation structure includes a ventilation hole at the lower end of the vertical wall of the bottom profile (9) of the outer fan facing the outdoor side, and a waterproof and breathable membrane covering the outside of the ventilation hole.

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