A thrust permanent magnetic thrust bearing experiment table

Abstract

The application provides a thrust permanent magnetic thrust bearing experiment table, which comprises a base, a motor arranged on the base, a permanent magnetic thrust component arranged on the base and connected with the motor, a displacement sensor arranged on the permanent magnetic thrust component and used for monitoring axial displacement of a main shaft, and a screw rod top cone device arranged on the base and connected with the permanent magnetic thrust component at the end and used for applying load to the main shaft. The application determines the displacement of the main shaft through the screw rod top cone device and the displacement sensor, and determines how to ensure the axial displacement state under different external force conditions.

Description

Technical fields: This invention relates to the field of experimental verification technology for the load-bearing capacity of permanent magnet bearings, and in particular to an experimental platform for thrust permanent magnet thrust bearings. Background technology: Permanent magnet thrust bearings, with their non-contact transmission characteristics, exhibit superior vibration reduction performance, low noise, and high-speed adaptability, demonstrating immense application potential in marine main shaft propulsion systems. As a core component of modern marine propulsion systems, marine thrust bearings play a crucial role in transmitting propeller thrust to the hull during propulsion. Their vibration and noise levels directly constrain a ship's acoustic stealth performance, and the development needs of next-generation advanced warships place higher technical standards on vibration and noise reduction of thrust bearings.

[0003] However, existing marine bearing testing equipment can only control the load. In actual ship operation, due to the non-contact nature of permanent magnet thrust bearings, the thrust bearing needs to transfer thrust from the rotor to the stator under rotation, inevitably resulting in axial displacement. Currently, there is no method to control both high load capacity and axial displacement within the bearing. Although dynamic loads can be applied, some test benches are designed for traditional bearings and cannot meet the axial displacement requirements of permanent magnet thrust bearings. Furthermore, some test benches are designed only for the swaying conditions present during actual ship operation, ensuring only the direction of the applied load and failing to guarantee axial displacement control.

[0004] There is an urgent need for a thrust permanent magnet thrust bearing test bench, which would help solve the technical problem of how to ensure axial displacement under the applied external force. Summary of the Invention: In one embodiment, the present invention provides a thrust permanent magnet thrust bearing test bench, which applies external force through a lead screw top cone device and determines the displacement of the main shaft through a displacement sensor, thereby addressing the technical problem of how to ensure the axial displacement state under different external force conditions.

[0006] The thrust permanent magnet thrust bearing test rig includes: A base; An electric motor is mounted on the base; A permanent magnet thrust assembly is mounted on the base and is connected to the motor; A displacement sensor is mounted on the permanent magnet thrust assembly, and the displacement sensor is used to monitor the axial displacement of the spindle; A lead screw taper device is disposed on the base, and the lead screw taper device is connected to the permanent magnet thrust assembly at its end. The lead screw taper device is used to apply a load to the spindle.

[0007] In one embodiment, a magnetic coupler is connected in series between the motor and the permanent magnet thrust assembly.

[0008] In one embodiment, a torque-speed sensor is connected in series between the magnetic coupler and the permanent magnet thrust assembly.

[0009] In one embodiment, a tension / compression sensor is connected in series between the permanent magnet thrust assembly and the lead screw taper device.

[0010] In one embodiment, the thrust permanent magnet thrust bearing test bench further includes: A bracket D is disposed on the base, the motor is mounted on the bracket D, and a first diaphragm coupling is connected in series between the motor and the magnetic coupler; A bracket B is mounted on the base, and the torque and speed sensor is mounted on the bracket B. A bracket A is disposed on the base, and the permanent magnet thrust assembly is mounted on the bracket A; A bracket C is disposed on the base, and the bracket C is disposed between the permanent magnet thrust assembly and the tension / compression sensor; A bracket E is mounted on the base, and the lead screw top cone device is mounted on the bracket E.

[0011] In one embodiment, a second diaphragm coupling is provided between the torque and speed sensor and the permanent magnet thrust assembly; The permanent magnet thrust assembly is provided with a rotor backplate; The permanent magnet thrust assembly is equipped with a first sliding bearing cover plate and a sun nut.

[0012] In one embodiment, an NSK bearing is provided between the bracket C and the tension / compression sensor, and the NSK bearing is connected to the bracket C via a first flange and a second flange; The NSK bearing is equipped with a bidirectional thrust bearing housing; The tension / compression sensor is equipped with a bidirectional thrust bearing cover plate, which is connected to the bidirectional thrust bearing housing.

[0013] In one embodiment, the base is a cast iron base plate.

[0014] In one embodiment, the first sliding bearing cover plate blocks the sliding bearing.

[0015] In one embodiment, the lead screw taper device includes a lead screw assembly and a taper mechanism, as well as a nut seat and a taper body. Attached image description: Figure 1 This is an assembly drawing of the test bench according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an assembly diagram of the permanent magnet thrust assembly in another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the external shape of bracket A in another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the external shape of bracket B in another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the external shape of the bracket C in another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the external shape of the bracket D in another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the external shape of the bracket E in another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the external shape of the lead screw pushing device in another embodiment of the present invention. Specific implementation examples: To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0018] Various embodiments and features of this application are described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] These and other features of this application will become apparent from the following description of preferred forms of embodiments given as non-limiting examples, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] It should also be understood that although this application has been described with reference to some specific examples, those skilled in the art can certainly implement many other equivalent forms of this application, which have the features described in the claims and are therefore all within the scope of protection defined herein.

[0021] The above and other aspects, features and advantages of this application will become more apparent when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and in view of the following detailed description.

[0022] Specific embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, it should be understood that the claimed embodiments are merely examples of this application, which can be implemented in various ways. Well-known and / or repeated functions and structures are not described in detail to ascertain the true intent based on the user's historical operations, and to avoid unnecessary or redundant details that would obscure this application. Therefore, the specific structural and functional details claimed herein are not intended to be limiting, but merely serve as the basis and representative basis for the claims to teach those skilled in the art to use this application in various ways with substantially any suitable detailed structure.

[0023] This specification may use the phrases “in one embodiment,” “in another embodiment,” “in yet another embodiment,” or “in other embodiments,” all of which may refer to one or more of the same or different embodiments according to this application.

[0024] Figure 1 This is an assembly drawing of the test bench according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an assembly diagram of the permanent magnet thrust assembly in another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the external shape of bracket A in another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the external shape of bracket B in another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the external shape of the bracket C in another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the external shape of the bracket D in another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the external shape of the bracket E in another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the external shape of the lead screw pushing device in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, in one embodiment, the present invention provides a thrust permanent magnet thrust bearing test bench, the thrust permanent magnet thrust bearing test bench comprising: One base 1; A motor 25 is mounted on the base 1; A permanent magnet thrust assembly 21 is disposed on the base 1, and the permanent magnet thrust assembly 21 is connected to the motor 25; A displacement sensor 27 is disposed on the permanent magnet thrust assembly 21, and the displacement sensor 27 is used to monitor the axial displacement of the spindle; A lead screw taper device 20 is disposed on the base 1. The lead screw taper device 20 is connected to the permanent magnet thrust assembly 21 at its end. The lead screw taper device 20 is used to apply load to the spindle.

[0026] In one embodiment, a magnetic coupler 6 is connected in series between the motor 25 and the permanent magnet thrust assembly 21.

[0027] In one embodiment, a torque and speed sensor 4 is connected in series between the magnetic coupler 6 and the permanent magnet thrust assembly 21.

[0028] In one embodiment, a tension / compression sensor 19 is connected in series between the permanent magnet thrust assembly 21 and the lead screw top cone device 20.

[0029] In one embodiment, the thrust permanent magnet thrust bearing test bench further includes: A bracket D13 is disposed on the base 1, the motor 25 is mounted on the bracket D13, and a first diaphragm coupling 7 is connected in series between the motor 25 and the magnetic coupler 6. A bracket B5 is mounted on the base 1, and the torque and speed sensor 4 is mounted on the bracket B5. A bracket A14 is disposed on the base 1, and the permanent magnet thrust assembly 1 is mounted on the bracket A14; A bracket C15 is disposed on the base 1, and the bracket C15 is disposed between the permanent magnet thrust assembly 21 and the tension and compression sensor 19; A bracket E16 is mounted on the base 1, and the lead screw top cone device 20 is mounted on the bracket E16.

[0030] In one embodiment, a second diaphragm coupling 26 is provided between the torque and speed sensor 4 and the permanent magnet thrust assembly 21; The permanent magnet thrust assembly 21 is provided with a rotor back plate 2; The permanent magnet thrust assembly 21 is provided with a first sliding bearing cover plate 22 and a sun nut 9.

[0031] In one embodiment, an NSK bearing 8 is provided between the bracket C and the tension / compression sensor, and the NSK bearing 8 is connected to the bracket C15 via a first flange 17 and a second flange 18. The NSK bearing 8 is provided with a bidirectional thrust bearing housing 11; The tension / compression sensor 27 is provided with a bidirectional thrust bearing cover plate 12, which is connected to the bidirectional thrust bearing housing 11.

[0032] In one embodiment, the base 1 is a cast iron base plate.

[0033] In one embodiment, the first sliding bearing cover plate 22 blocks the sliding bearing.

[0034] In one embodiment, the lead screw taper device 20 includes a lead screw assembly 28 and a taper mechanism 29, as well as a nut seat 30 and a taper body 31.

[0035] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention presents a high-thrust permanent magnet thrust bearing test bench capable of applying large load-bearing capacity and precisely controlling axial displacement. This device can test the magnitude of rotor axial displacement under different loads, and simultaneously test the load-bearing capacity characteristics of the permanent magnet thrust bearing under different rotor axial displacements and calibrate the maximum load-bearing capacity of the bearing.

[0036] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A high-thrust permanent magnet thrust bearing test bench includes a thrust and displacement testing device, which is housed within the test bench. The test bench also includes a drive motor 25, a speed and torque sensor 4, a displacement sensor 27, a shaft core 3, a cast iron base plate 1, a lead screw pushing device 20, and supports for mounting these components. The drive motor 25 is connected to a permanent magnet thrust bearing 21, with a magnetic coupler 6 and a diaphragm coupling 7 connected to the torque and speed sensor 4 in between. The other end of the permanent magnet thrust bearing 21 is connected to a rotor base plate 2, which is connected to the shaft core 3, with a sliding bearing 23 in between. Compared to a traditional clutch, the magnetic coupler 6 has the following advantages: it ensures contactless transmission, reduces mechanical wear and energy loss, and provides overload protection. When the load is overloaded or jammed, the magnetic coupler 6 will cut off the power transmission due to magnetic slippage. There are five brackets: bracket A14 supports the thrust bearing stator; bracket B6 supports the torque and speed sensor; bracket C15 supports the permanent magnet thrust bearing rotor and sliding bearing 02; bracket D13 supports the load device connected to the shaft core; and bracket E16 supports the lead screw pushing device, located on the far right of the assembly. All brackets are mounted on a cast iron base plate 1, achieving integrated installation and distance control. A displacement sensor 27 is installed on the permanent magnet thrust bearing stator to measure the relative displacement of the rotor. The lead screw pushing device 20 is bolted to bracket E16. A horizontally arranged lead screw assembly 28 is connected to a drive handwheel at one end and to a pushing cone mechanism 29 at the other end. The pushing cone mechanism includes a nut seat 30 adapted to the lead screw, with a pushing cone body 31 fixed to the nut seat 30. A limiting block on bracket E16 is bolted to a guide rail, allowing its position to be adjusted according to the workpiece length, limiting the stroke of the pushing cone mechanism 29 and preventing overtravel damage. The A14 permanent magnet bearing mounting bracket is made of non-magnetic, high-strength aluminum alloy to avoid interference with the magnetic field. It also features a precise positioning structure to ensure bearing coaxiality and improve testing accuracy. A controllable large thrust is applied to the permanent magnet thrust bearing via electric loading. Sensors collect the loading force data in real time and feed it back to the control system for precise thrust control.

[0037] Compared to existing technologies, the innovative features are highlighted as follows: Highly targeted, designed specifically for high-thrust permanent magnet thrust bearings, adapting to their magnetic field characteristics and high-thrust testing requirements, solving the problem of poor compatibility with traditional test benches; Multi-dimensional testing, simultaneously collecting thrust, torque, and displacement data, providing rich data for testing permanent magnet thrust bearings; Flexible and adjustable, supporting flexible adjustment of speed, thrust, and displacement distance parameters, adapting to different bearing specifications and experimental conditions, offering excellent versatility and expandability; High precision and stability, through precise positioning, a high-rigidity base, and advanced sensor technology, ensuring the accuracy of experimental data and the stability of the testing process, improving experimental reliability.

[0038] like Figure 1As shown, this invention discloses a high-thrust permanent magnet thrust bearing test bench, comprising a drive motor 25, a torque and speed sensor 4, a permanent magnet thrust bearing 21, a bidirectional thrust ball bearing 10, a lead screw jacking device 20, and supports 5, 13, 14, 15, and 16. The transmission device runs through the entire test bench; the entire test bench is mounted based on the permanent magnet thrust bearing 21, which can also be referred to as the core mounting point. The lead screw jacking device 20 can apply axial loads, and the bidirectional thrust ball bearing 10 can withstand bidirectional axial loads, ensuring that the equipment is not damaged due to overload during rotation. The displacement sensor 27 is generally installed on the stator of the permanent magnet thrust bearing, primarily measuring the distance between the rotor and the stator. The tension / compression sensor 19 is located between the permanent magnet thrust bearing 21 and the lead screw jacking device 20, collecting all data and summarizing it in self-developed software, which will be described in detail later. The typical arrangement from left to right is as follows: drive motor 25, torque and speed sensor 4, magnetic coupler 6, torque and speed sensor 4, permanent magnet thrust bearing 21, bidirectional thrust ball bearing 10, tension and compression sensor 19, and lead screw top cone device 20.

[0039] All components in the diagram are installed on a cast iron base plate 1. The cast iron base plate 1 has guide rails and chains, ensuring all devices are aligned. Subsequent adjustments only require height adjustment, making the process more convenient and faster. Positioning pins are arranged on the cast iron base plate 1 for quick positioning during the installation of all brackets.

[0040] All brackets 5, 13, 14, 15, and 16 are first quickly positioned using locating pins and then connected to the cast iron base plate 1 using bolts.

[0041] Following the installation sequence, after locating the position of the mounting bracket 14, install the bracket 14 and connect it to the cast iron base plate 1 with bolts. Then, during the installation of the bracket, the stator of the permanent magnet thrust bearing is already installed on the bracket 14, also using bolts for connection. The stator is equipped with a displacement sensor.

[0042] From this point on, the components at bracket 14 can be installed on both sides simultaneously without interference. Here, we choose to install the left side first. The first component from the left is the diaphragm coupling 26. When installing the diaphragm coupling, it's crucial to ensure the shaft extends sufficiently into it. This test bench measures thrust and displacement. If the extension distance is too large, it won't be able to push further in during thrust; if it's too small, it will detach during outward pushing. Therefore, the extension distance of the diaphragm coupling must be guaranteed to match the test requirements of the test bench. Customization is also possible later, using non-standard parts, determining the required displacement, and using an appropriate extension distance to meet the test requirements and strength specifications.

[0043] The first torque and speed sensor 4 is located on the left side of bracket 14. This sensor needs to be supported by bracket 5, and bracket 14 is also connected to cast iron base plate 1 by bolts.

[0044] To the left of the torque-speed sensor 4 is the magnetic coupler 6. When installing this device, the drive motor 25 must be installed first. This involves connecting the bracket 13 to the cast iron base plate with bolts, mounting the drive motor 25 on the bracket 13, and also mounting the second torque-speed sensor 4 on the bracket 13. The second torque-speed sensor 4 is connected to the drive motor 25 using a diaphragm coupling 7. After installing the motor, the magnetic coupler 6 is installed. The purpose of installing the magnetic coupler 6, as mentioned above, is overload protection, reducing energy loss, and most importantly, eliminating the need to ensure coaxiality between the shaft from the drive motor 25 and the shaft from the permanent magnet thrust bearing 21. Simultaneously, using two torque-speed sensors 4 allows for the measurement of the transmission efficiency of the magnetic coupler 6, while the torque-speed sensors 4 also collect the rotational speed transmitted to the permanent magnet thrust bearing 21. The left side installation is now complete.

[0045] Starting from the stator of the permanent magnet thrust bearing 21 and proceeding to the right, first install the bracket 15, which is connected to the cast iron base plate 1 by bolts. The rotor is connected via the rotor back plate 2, which is secured to the rotor using a rear sun nut 9 to prevent it from falling off during rotation and causing contact between the stator and rotor. The bracket 15 has a sliding bearing 23. During use, it is pushed from right to left until it stops at the first diaphragm coupling 26 on the left.

[0046] The right-hand installation is for a double-direction thrust ball bearing 10, which needs to be installed after the lead screw top cone device 20 is installed. That is, the bracket 16 is also connected to the cast iron base plate 1 by bolts. The lead screw top cone device 20 is fixed to the bracket E16 by bolts. A horizontally arranged lead screw assembly 28 is provided, with one end connected to a drive handwheel and the other end connected to the top cone mechanism 29. The top cone mechanism includes a nut seat 30 adapted to the lead screw, with the top cone body 31 fixed to the nut seat 30. The side of the bracket 16 is provided with guide rails and limit blocks for auxiliary positioning and adaptation to different workpieces. The guide rails slide against the nut seat 30 to ensure the stability of the top cone's movement. The limit blocks on the base are connected to the guide rails by bolts, and their position can be adjusted according to the workpiece length to limit the stroke of the top cone mechanism and prevent overtravel damage. This also ensures that the motor can be adjusted via the drive handwheel during rotation.

[0047] The left end of the lead screw taper device 20 is connected to the double-direction thrust ball bearing 10. It is necessary to strictly ensure the perpendicularity of the double-direction thrust ball bearing 10 to the double-direction thrust bearing housing 11 to avoid failure due to uneven load. Since the push-pull movement of the lead screw taper device 20 requires the bearing to withstand bidirectional axial force, the double-direction thrust ball bearing 10 is selected.

[0048] The control method for this experimental platform is as follows: At a constant rotational speed, the displacement of the rotor relative to the stator under different loads: Determine the initial distance of the rotor and zero it. Start the motor, adjust the drive handwheel, check the thrust sensor reading, and observe the displacement once the predetermined load value is reached.

[0049] At a constant rotational speed, the magnitude of the thrust varies with different displacements of the rotor relative to the stator: Determine the initial distance of the rotor and zero it. Start the motor, adjust the drive handwheel, check the displacement sensor value, and once the predetermined displacement value is reached, lock the lead screw taper device and observe the thrust.

[0050] The above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present invention within its spirit and scope of protection, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions should also be considered to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thrust permanent magnetic thrust bearing test rig, characterized in that, The thrust permanent magnet thrust bearing test rig includes: A base (1); An electric motor (25) is mounted on the base (1); A permanent magnet thrust assembly (21) is disposed on the base (1) and the permanent magnet thrust assembly (21) is connected to the motor (25); A displacement sensor (27) is disposed on the permanent magnet thrust assembly (21), and the displacement sensor (27) is used to monitor the axial displacement of the spindle; A lead screw taper device (20) is disposed on the base (1), the lead screw taper device (20) is connected at its end to the permanent magnet thrust assembly (21), and the lead screw taper device (20) is used to apply a load to the spindle.

2. The thrust permanent magnet thrust bearing test rig of claim 1, wherein, A magnetic coupler (6) is connected in series between the motor (25) and the permanent magnet thrust assembly (21).

3. The thrust permanent magnet thrust bearing test rig of claim 2, wherein, A torque and speed sensor (4) is connected in series between the magnetic coupler (6) and the permanent magnet thrust assembly (21).

4. The thrust permanent magnet thrust bearing test rig of claim 3, wherein, A tension / compression sensor (19) is connected in series between the permanent magnet thrust assembly (21) and the lead screw top cone device (20).

5. The thrust permanent magnet thrust bearing test rig of claim 4, wherein, The thrust permanent magnet thrust bearing test rig also includes: A bracket D (13) is set on the base (1), the motor (25) is mounted on the bracket D (13), and a first diaphragm coupling (7) is connected in series between the motor (25) and the magnetic coupler (6). A bracket B (5) is mounted on the base (1), and the torque and speed sensor (4) is mounted on the bracket B (5). A bracket A (14) is disposed on the base (1), and the permanent magnet thrust assembly (1) is mounted on the bracket A (14). A bracket C (15) is disposed on the base (1) and the bracket C (15) is disposed between the permanent magnet thrust assembly (21) and the tension and compression sensor (19); A bracket E (16) is provided on the base (1), and the screw top cone device (20) is provided on the bracket E (16).

6. The thrust permanent magnet thrust bearing test rig of claim 5, wherein, A second diaphragm coupling (26) is provided between the torque and speed sensor (4) and the permanent magnet thrust assembly (21). The permanent magnet thrust assembly (21) is provided with a rotor back plate (2); The permanent magnet thrust assembly (21) is provided with a first sliding bearing cover plate (22) and a sun nut (9).

7. The thrust permanent magnet thrust bearing test bench according to claim 6, characterized in that, An NSK bearing (8) is provided between the bracket C and the tension / compression sensor. The NSK bearing (8) is connected to the bracket C (15) via a first flange (17) and a second flange (18). The NSK bearing (8) is provided with a bidirectional thrust bearing housing (11). The tension and compression sensor (27) is provided with a bidirectional thrust bearing cover plate (12), which is connected to the bidirectional thrust bearing housing (11).

8. The thrust permanent magnet thrust bearing test bench according to claim 7, characterized in that, The base (1) is a cast iron base plate.

9. The thrust permanent magnet thrust bearing test bench according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first sliding bearing cover plate (22) seals the sliding bearing.

10. The thrust permanent magnet thrust bearing test bench according to claim 9, characterized in that, The lead screw top cone device (20) includes a lead screw assembly (28) and a top cone mechanism (29), as well as a nut seat (30) and a top cone body (31).

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