Full-automatic detection device for mechanical properties of railway frog alloy steel

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of material mechanical property testing, in particular to a full-automatic detection device for mechanical properties of railway frog alloy steel. The device comprises a frame, two sample fixing seats, a temperature control device, a vertical exciter, and two guide arc tracks. The sample fixing seats are symmetrically arranged on the frame and are height-adjustable, and are used for fixing arc-shaped alloy samples. The two alloy samples are symmetrically arranged with the same center. The temperature control device and the vertical exciter are fixedly installed on the sample fixing seats. The two guide arc tracks are fixed on the frame, have the same curvature as the alloy samples, and are alternately arranged with the alloy samples in the circumferential direction to form an arc-shaped walking track with the center as the center. The curvature of the guide arc track is greater than that of the alloy sample. Each alloy sample is provided with a trackless interval arc segment between the adjacent guide arc track. In an automatic testing process, the present application cooperatively reproduces the multi-dimensional composite dynamic load of the actual rolling contact, lateral sliding, vertical impact, and static indentation of the wheel on the frog rail.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of material mechanical property testing technology, specifically to a fully automatic testing device for the mechanical properties of railway frog alloy steel. Background Technology

[0002] In railway systems, frogs are key components and weak points of track lines. Their frogs directly bear the repeated crushing, impact, and complex multidimensional stresses of train wheels. Therefore, the alloy steel materials used to manufacture frogs must have excellent wear resistance, impact toughness, fatigue strength, and dimensional stability.

[0003] However, traditional mechanical property testing methods have significant limitations when applied to simulate the actual extreme service conditions of such materials, and cannot comprehensively and realistically reflect their performance. Specifically: Existing testing devices often have limited functionality, only able to simulate isolated conditions such as static compression, simple wear, or simple impact. They cannot realistically and synchronously reproduce the multi-dimensional composite dynamic loads that actually exist between the wheel and the frog rail on an integrated and automated testing platform, including rolling contact, lateral sliding, vertical impact, and static indentation. In addition, traditional devices can usually only test one sample under one fixed condition at a time, lacking the ability to conduct efficient and controllable parallel comparative tests on multiple samples or multiple conditions (such as different materials, different temperatures, and different load spectra). This results in long development cycles, poor data comparability, and difficulty in accurately evaluating and screening high-quality alloy steel materials suitable for extremely complex wheel-rail interaction environments. Based on this, the present invention provides a fully automatic testing device for the mechanical properties of railway frog alloy steel, in order to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention addresses the technical problems existing in the prior art by providing a fully automatic testing device for the mechanical properties of railway frog alloy steel. This solves the problem that existing testing devices cannot realistically and synchronously reproduce the multi-dimensional composite dynamic loads such as rolling, sliding, and impact that actually exist between the wheel and the frog on an integrated and automated testing platform, and also lack the ability to conduct efficient and controllable parallel comparative tests on multiple samples or multiple working conditions.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A fully automatic testing device for the mechanical properties of railway frog alloy steel, comprising a frame, and further comprising: Two sample holders are symmetrically mounted on the frame and are height adjustable. They are used to fix alloy samples that are curved in an arc shape. The two alloy samples are symmetrically arranged with the same center. A temperature control device and a vertical vibrator are fixedly installed on the sample holders. Two guide arc rails are fixed to the frame and have the same curvature as the alloy sample. They are arranged alternately with the alloy sample in the circumferential direction to form an arc-shaped walking track centered on the circle. The curvature of the guide arc rails is greater than that of the alloy sample. Each alloy sample is provided with a trackless interval arc segment between it and the adjacent guide arc rail. A rotating shaft is installed at the center of the circle; The rotating beam is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft. A rotating motor is installed at the bottom of the frame. The output shaft of the rotating motor is connected to the rotating shaft through a synchronous toothed belt. Two composite loading mechanisms are symmetrically mounted on the rotating beam. Each composite loading mechanism includes a loading slide that can move vertically and radially along the rotating beam. A loading wheel is rotatably mounted on the loading slide via a bearing. A rotary motor and a high-speed camera of the opposite loading wheel are fixedly mounted on the loading slide. The output shaft of the rotary motor is fixedly connected to the loading wheel. A counterweight block that can move radially along the rotating beam is provided on the rotating beam. The loading parameters of the two composite loading mechanisms are different from each other. The detection element is used to collect mechanical response parameters during the test.

[0006] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0007] Optionally, the frame is equipped with two protective covers and multiple soundproof side panels on its outer periphery. Each of the two protective covers is provided with a door, and the door is provided with a transparent window. An electrical wiring platform is installed on the top of the frame.

[0008] Optionally, the arc of the guide rail is 80°, the arc of the alloy sample is 60°, and the central angle corresponding to each of the trackless interval arc segments is 20°.

[0009] Optionally, the composite loading mechanism further includes a vertical pressure frame slidably connected to the rotating beam. Two vertical pressure cylinders are fixedly installed on the rotating beam, and the movable output ends of the two vertical pressure cylinders are fixedly connected to the vertical pressure frame. A radial slide rail is fixedly installed on the vertical pressure frame, and the loading slide is slidably connected to the radial slide rail. A radial pressure cylinder is fixedly installed on the vertical pressure frame, and the movable output end of the radial pressure cylinder is fixedly connected to the loading slide. An adjustment push cylinder is fixedly installed on the rotating beam, and the movable output end of the adjustment push cylinder is fixedly connected to the counterweight.

[0010] Optionally, a set of lifting cylinders is fixedly installed on the frame at the positions corresponding to the two sample fixing seats. The movable output ends of the two sets of lifting cylinders are respectively fixedly connected to the two sample fixing seats, and elastic pads are provided at the connection between the lifting cylinders and the sample fixing seats.

[0011] Optionally, the axes of the lifting push cylinder and the vertical pressure cylinder are parallel to the axis of the rotary shaft, and the axes of the radial pressure cylinder and the adjusting push cylinder, as well as the rotation axis of the loading wheel, are perpendicular to the axis of the rotary shaft.

[0012] Optionally, the detection element includes two support plates fixedly mounted on the rotating beam. A laser profile sensor and an ultrasonic probe are respectively fixedly mounted on the two support plates. The signal transmitting ends of the laser profile sensor and the ultrasonic probe are parallel to the axis of the rotating shaft. An audio acquisition sensor and a vibration sensor are fixedly mounted on each of the two sample fixing seats. An encoder is integrated into the rotary motor and the rotating motor. A central control unit is fixedly mounted on one of the protective covers. A battery is integrated into both the laser profile sensor and the ultrasonic probe. A pressure sensor is integrated into the movable output end of the lifting push cylinder, the radial pressure cylinder, and the adjusting push cylinder. The data terminals of the encoder, pressure sensor, laser profile sensor, ultrasonic probe, audio acquisition sensor, and vibration sensor are all connected to the central control unit via wireless signal transmission.

[0013] Optionally, limiting flanges are fixedly installed on both loading wheels, with one limiting flange located on the inner side of the alloy sample and the other limiting flange located on the outer side of the alloy sample.

[0014] Optionally, the temperature control device includes a heater, a semiconductor refrigeration module, and a temperature probe integrated and installed on the bottom surface of the sample holder. The electrical control terminals of the heater and the semiconductor refrigeration module, as well as the data terminal of the temperature probe, are all communicatively connected to the central control unit.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This invention utilizes an integrated rotary motion platform to combine two symmetrically arranged arc-shaped alloy samples with alternating guide arc rails to construct a continuous arc-shaped travel track. This design enables two composite loading mechanisms mounted on the rotating beam to drive the loading wheels to circulate along the track and apply a preset load when passing through the alloy sample section. Each loading mechanism integrates independently and precisely controllable axial and radial pressure application units. Combined with the active rotation of the loading wheels, adjustable counterweights, and sample height variation functions, it collaboratively reproduces the multi-dimensional composite dynamic loads such as rolling contact, lateral sliding, vertical impact, and static pressing of the wheel-to-fork rail in an automated testing process. This solves the limitation of existing technologies that cannot synchronously simulate complex wheel-rail contact mechanics on a single platform. Through the linkage of mechanical structure and control logic, it achieves a more realistic and comprehensive simulation of service conditions.

[0016] 2. This invention utilizes a symmetrical layout of dual specimens and dual loading mechanisms, along with an integrated temperature control, vibration, and multi-sensor detection system. Under the unified programming control of the central host, it achieves efficient linkage and parallel comparative testing. During the test, the material and temperature conditions of the two alloy specimens can be set independently, and the loading parameters of the two loading wheels can also be different from each other. This allows for the simultaneous acquisition of performance data for two materials or two working conditions in a single run. The actions of all actuators and the data acquisition of multiple detection elements are precisely coordinated, forming a closed loop from parameter setting, process simulation, comparative loading to full data acquisition. This significantly improves the test efficiency and data comparability, forming a clear distinction from the traditional methods of single specimen, single working condition, and limited test dimensions in the existing technology. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fully automatic testing device for the mechanical properties of railway frog alloy steel according to the present invention. Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A structural diagram from another perspective; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser profile sensor and alloy sample of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotary shaft and guide rail of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure from an upward perspective; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the alloy sample and vibration sensor of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical vibrator and heater of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotary shaft and vertical pressure cylinder of the present invention; Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 A structural diagram from another perspective; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical pressure cylinder and rotary motor of the present invention.

[0018] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Frame; 2. Sample holder; 3. Guide rail; 4. Rotary shaft; 101. Protective cover; 102. Soundproof side panel; 103. Door; 104. Electrical wiring platform; 105. Central control unit; 201. Alloy sample; 202. Vertical vibrator; 203. Lifting cylinder; 204. Elastic pad; 205. Audio sensor; 206. Vibration sensor; 207. Heater; 208. Semiconductor Refrigeration module; 401, rotating beam; 402, rotary motor; 403, loading slide; 404, loading wheel; 405, rotary motor; 406, high-speed camera; 407, counterweight; 408, vertical pressure frame; 409, vertical pressure cylinder; 410, radial slide rail; 411, radial pressure cylinder; 412, adjusting push cylinder; 413, support plate; 414, laser contour sensor; 415, ultrasonic probe; 416, limiting wheel flange. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0020] The present invention provides the following preferred embodiments. like Figure 1-10 As shown, the fully automatic testing device for the mechanical properties of railway frog alloy steel includes a frame 1. Two protective covers 101 and multiple sound-insulating side plates 102 are installed on the outer periphery of the frame 1. The inner surfaces of the protective covers 101 and the sound-insulating side plates 102 are covered with sound-absorbing material. The protective covers 101 and the sound-insulating side plates 102 together form a sealed test chamber. Each of the two protective covers 101 is provided with a door 103, and the door 103 is provided with a transparent window. An electrical wiring platform 104 is installed on the top of the frame 1. An LED light is installed at the top inside frame 1 to provide illumination during testing; The above-described structure provides a closed and controllable physical environment for the entire testing process; The protective cover 101 and the soundproof side panel 102 can isolate external interference and noise, ensuring the accuracy of the test data; The transparent window on the door 103 allows for observation of the internal test status without opening the test chamber, which is helpful for process monitoring and troubleshooting. The top electrical wiring platform 104 centrally houses the hydraulic and electrical lines, making the pipeline layout neat and convenient for maintenance and connection to external equipment; Also includes: Two sample holders 2 are symmetrically mounted on the frame 1 and are height adjustable. They are used to fix the alloy sample 201 that is curved in an arc shape. The two alloy samples 201 are symmetrically arranged with the same center. A temperature control device and a vertical vibrator 202 are fixedly installed on the sample holders 2. In this embodiment, a set of lifting cylinders 203 are fixedly installed on the frame 1 at the positions corresponding to the two sample fixing seats 2. The movable output ends of the two sets of lifting cylinders 203 are fixedly connected to the two sample fixing seats 2 respectively, and elastic pads 204 are provided at the connection between the lifting cylinders 203 and the sample fixing seats 2. Alloy sample 201 is used to simulate the working part of the railway frog point rail. Its material is limited to high-performance alloy steel for railway frogs, specifically high-manganese steel, bainitic steel or high-carbon high-alloy tool steel. The height of the two sample fixing seats 2 can be independently adjusted by two sets of lifting push cylinders 203, so that the arc-shaped alloy sample 201 fixed on the sample fixing seat 2 can be accurately positioned in the vertical direction. The elastic gasket 204 can absorb and buffer the minor impacts and vibrations generated during the operation of the lifting cylinder 203 and during the test, reducing the interference of the rigid connection on the driving element and the fixed state of the alloy sample 201. Two guide rails 3 are fixed on the frame 1 and have the same curvature as the alloy sample 201. They are arranged alternately with the alloy sample 201 in the circumferential direction to form an arc-shaped walking track centered on the circle. The curvature of the guide rail 3 is greater than that of the alloy sample 201. Each alloy sample 201 and the adjacent guide rail 3 are provided with a trackless interval arc segment. In a preferred embodiment, the arc of the guide rail 3 is 80°, the arc of the alloy sample 201 is 60°, and the central angle corresponding to each trackless interval arc segment is 20°. The guide rail 3 is made of high-carbon chromium bearing steel; The cross-sections of both the guide rail 3 and the alloy sample 201 are I-shaped to simulate the cross-sectional characteristics of an actual rail or frog. The lower parts of the guide rail 3 and the alloy sample 201 are both fixedly mounted on the designated platform with bolts; The guide rail 3 and the alloy sample 201 together form a complete circular test track; When the rotating beam 401 drives the loading wheel 404 to rotate, the wheel body is guided and runs unloaded in the guide arc rail section 3, and a load is applied in the alloy sample section 201 for performance testing. The specially set trackless interval arc section allows the wheel body to have a transition when entering and exiting the alloy sample 201 test area, which can simulate the load application and unloading process when the train wheel actually enters and exits the frog area. This track design with alternating guidance, testing and transition can more realistically simulate the periodic and intermittent loading conditions of the wheel on the frog point rail, making the test conditions for fatigue, wear and other performance closer to the actual application scenario. Rotary shaft 4 is installed at the center of the circle; The rotating beam 401 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft 4. The lower part of the frame 1 is equipped with a rotating motor 402. The output shaft end of the rotating motor 402 is connected to the rotating shaft 4 through a synchronous toothed belt. Both the output shaft of the rotary motor 402 and the rotary shaft 4 are fixedly mounted with synchronous pulleys that are connected to the synchronous toothed belt. Two composite loading mechanisms are symmetrically mounted on the rotating beam 401. Each composite loading mechanism includes a loading slide 403 that can move vertically and radially along the rotating beam 401. A loading wheel 404 is rotatably mounted on the loading slide 403 via a bearing. The 404 loading wheel is made of standard wheel steel, the same as that used in real railway locomotive and rolling stock wheels. Limiting rims 416 are fixedly installed on both loading wheels 404. One limiting rim 416 is located on the inner side of the alloy sample 201, and the other limiting rim 416 is located on the outer side of the alloy sample 201. A high-speed camera 406 with a rotary motor 405 and an opposing loading wheel 404 is fixedly mounted on the loading slide 403. The output shaft end of the rotary motor 405 is fixedly connected to the loading wheel 404. A counterweight block 407 that can move along the radial direction of the rotating beam 401 is provided on the rotating beam 401. The loading parameters of the two composite loading mechanisms are different from each other. In a preferred embodiment, the composite loading mechanism further includes a vertical pressure frame 408 slidably connected to the rotating beam 401. Two vertical pressure cylinders 409 are fixedly installed on the rotating beam 401, and the movable output ends of the two vertical pressure cylinders 409 are fixedly connected to the vertical pressure frame 408. A radial slide rail 410 is fixedly installed on the vertical pressure frame 408, and a loading slide 403 is slidably connected to the radial slide rail 410. A radial pressure cylinder 411 is fixedly installed on the vertical pressure frame 408, and the movable output end of the radial pressure cylinder 411 is fixedly connected to the loading slide 403. An adjustment push cylinder 412 is fixedly installed on the rotating beam 401, and the movable output end of the adjustment push cylinder 412 is fixedly connected to the counterweight 407.

[0021] A horizontal guide groove is provided on the rotating beam 401, and a horizontal slider that is slidably connected to the horizontal guide groove is fixedly installed on the counterweight 407. The counterweight 407 and the loading wheel 404 are respectively set on both sides of the axis of the rotating shaft 4. The axes of the lifting push cylinder 203 and the vertical pressure cylinder 409 are parallel to the axis of the rotary shaft 4, while the axes of the radial pressure cylinder 411 and the adjusting push cylinder 412, as well as the rotation axis of the loading wheel 404, are perpendicular to the axis of the rotary shaft 4.

[0022] During testing, the vertical pressure cylinder 409 drives the vertical pressure frame 408, together with the entire loading unit, to move axially along the rotating beam 401 to change the pressure of the loading wheel 404 in the direction perpendicular to the alloy sample 201. The radial pressure cylinder 411 drives the loading slide 403 to move along the radial slide rail 410, thereby precisely controlling the radial loading force of the loading wheel 404 on the alloy sample 201. The loading parameters of the two composite loading mechanisms can be set independently to simulate trains with different axle loads or wheel conditions. The adjusting cylinder 412 moves the counterweight 407, which can balance the torque generated by the asymmetrical loading of the rotating beam 401; The above-mentioned structural design enables independent and precise loading of the loading wheel 404 with multiple degrees of freedom on a rotary motion platform, which can reproduce the complex three-dimensional contact mechanics of wheel and rail. The symmetrical and adjustable design facilitates comparative tests.

[0023] The detection elements include two support plates 413 fixedly mounted on the rotating beam 401. A laser profile sensor 414 and an ultrasonic probe 415 are fixedly mounted on the two support plates 413 respectively. The signal transmitting ends of the laser profile sensor 414 and the ultrasonic probe 415 are parallel to the axis of the rotating shaft 4. An audio acquisition sensor 205 and a vibration sensor 206 are fixedly mounted on each of the two sample fixing seats 2. Encoders are integrated into the rotary motor 402 and the rotating motor 405. A central control unit 105 is fixedly mounted on a protective cover plate 101. A battery is integrated into both the laser profile sensor 414 and the ultrasonic probe 415. Pressure sensors are integrated into the movable output ends of the lifting push cylinder 203, the radial pressure cylinder 411, and the adjusting push cylinder 412. The data terminals of the encoder, pressure sensor, laser profile sensor 414, ultrasonic probe 415, audio acquisition sensor 205, and vibration sensor 206 are all connected to the central control unit 105 via wireless signal transmission.

[0024] The laser profile sensor 414 scans the surface morphology of alloy sample 201 in real time to monitor wear and plastic deformation; Ultrasonic probe 415 is used to detect internal cracks and defects in alloy sample 201. Audio sensor 205 and vibration sensor 206 collect acoustic emission and vibration signals during the test process; The encoder records the precise rotational speed and angle of the loading wheel 404 and the rotating beam 401; Each pressure sensor provides feedback on the actual loading force value, and all of this data is wirelessly transmitted and collected to the central control unit 105. The central control unit 105 runs dedicated test control software, which has a variety of standard test programs or test modes pre-stored. After the user selects the program, the software automatically generates a sequence of control commands, which coordinates the start-stop, speed and force of the rotary motor 402, each cylinder, temperature control device and vertical vibrator 202 through the industrial bus. At the same time, the software synchronously triggers and receives data from all sensors, performs real-time display, recording and subsequent analysis, and generates a test report. The temperature control device includes a heater 207, a semiconductor refrigeration module 208, and a temperature probe, all integrated and installed on the bottom surface of the sample holder 2. The electrical control terminals of the heater 207 and the semiconductor refrigeration module 208, as well as the data terminal of the temperature probe, are all connected to the central control unit 105.

[0025] The heat exchange surface between heater 207 and semiconductor cooling module 208 is tightly attached to the bottom surface of sample holder 2 through thermally conductive silicone grease. The temperature probe continuously monitors the temperature of the alloy sample 201 and feeds the data back to the central control unit 105. The central control unit 105 controls the heater 207 or the semiconductor cooling module 208 on the bottom surface of the sample holder 2 to work according to the preset temperature curve, thereby actively heating or cooling the alloy sample 201 to simulate the influence of different seasons or regions on the performance of rail materials.

[0026] The specific steps for using this invention are as follows: This invention uses programming to flexibly coordinate the actions and parameters of each actuator, and makes full use of its symmetrical dual alloy sample 201 and dual loading mechanism design to conduct efficient comparative experiments. The normal comprehensive test procedure is as follows: the central control unit 105 first instructs the temperature control device to adjust the alloy samples 201 on the two sample holders 2 to the target temperature. The materials of the two alloy samples 201 can be set to be the same for repeatability verification or different for material performance comparison according to the experimental design. Then, the rotary motor 402 is started to drive the rotating beam 401 to rotate. The two composite loading mechanisms operate synchronously under the drive of the rotating beam 401, but their loading parameters, axial pressure, radial pressure, radial pressure direction, and rotation speed of the loading wheel 404 are independently set by the central control unit 105 to be different from each other, so as to simulate different axle loads or wheel conditions. When the loading wheel 404 rolls over the guide arc rail section 3, it runs unloaded. When it enters the alloy sample 201 test section, it applies a complex wheel-rail contact load according to the preset parameters. During the wear resistance test, the rotating beam 401 rotates at a constant speed and maintains different constant contact pressures set by the two loading mechanisms, so that the two loading wheels 404 roll on the alloy sample 201 of the same or different materials for a long time. At the same time, the vertical vibrator 202 applies micro-vibration, and the laser profile sensor 414 continuously monitors the wear comparison. During static axial and radial pressure tests, the rotation of the rotating beam 401 is stopped, and the two loading mechanisms apply static loads to the static alloy specimen 201 according to their respective set force values. The deformation response of the alloy specimen 201 under different loading conditions is compared by the feedback from the pressure sensor. During dynamic pressure testing, the working logic is to control the outputs of two different pressure cylinders of the two loading mechanisms to dynamically change with different waveforms and amplitudes as the rotating beam 401 rotates, so as to compare the impact of dynamic loads. During the instantaneous impact test mode, before the test, the central control unit 105 controls the lifting push cylinder 203 to lower the two alloy sample 201 frames to a low position, so that the top surface of the alloy sample 201 is significantly lower than the guide arc rail 3 to form a drop. Subsequently, the rotary motor 402 drives the rotating beam 401 and loading wheel 404 to accelerate to the preset impact line speed. When the loading wheel 404 runs to the trackless interval arc segment corresponding to the alloy sample 201 area, the central control unit 105 synchronously triggers the lifting push cylinder 203 to rapidly lift the alloy sample 201, which has been lowered to a low position, to the working height. This causes the high-speed loading wheel 404 to collide with the suddenly appearing alloy sample 201, simulating an instantaneous impact condition. The two high-speed rolling loading wheels 404 simultaneously generate violent impacts on the alloy sample 201 segments of different materials or states, thereby realizing a comparative experiment under impact conditions. During the alternating load fatigue test mode, the rotating beam 401 rotates at a constant speed. The two loading mechanisms, the vertical pressure cylinder 409 and the radial pressure cylinder 411, are programmed and controlled by the central control unit 105. The output forces of the vertical pressure cylinder 409 and the radial pressure cylinder 411 alternate synchronously or asynchronously according to a specific frequency and amplitude. This causes the loading wheel 404 to apply a periodic fluctuating load that simulates the passing of a train when it rolls over the alloy sample 201. At the same time, the temperature control device can perform temperature cycling synchronously to reproduce the fatigue damage process of the material under the coupling of alternating stress and temperature. In the dynamic impact test mode, the working logic is as follows: First, the sample fixing seat 2 is lowered to a low position by the lifting push cylinder 203, so that the top surface of the alloy sample 201 is significantly lower than the guide rails 3 on both sides to form a preset drop. Then, the rotary motor 402 is started to accelerate the rotation of the rigid rotating beam 401. When the speed reaches the set value, the central control unit 105 does not immediately lift the alloy sample 201, but controls the radial pressure cylinder 411 or the vertical pressure cylinder 409 of the loading mechanism to apply a dynamically changing impact pulse at the moment when the loading wheel 404 is about to enter the area of ​​the alloy sample 201. Or, while the rotating beam 401 is maintaining high-speed rotation, the lifting push cylinder 203 is instructed to quickly lift the alloy sample 201 to the working height, so that the loading wheel 404 hits the section of the alloy sample 201 at a high relative speed, thereby simulating the dynamic impact process of the wheel on the unevenness or joint of the track. In this mode, the high-speed camera 406 and the vibration sensor 206 are triggered synchronously to capture the transient response. In all modes, various detection elements collect data in real time and wirelessly transmit it to the central control unit 105, completing the closed-loop analysis from parameter setting, process simulation, comparison loading to full data acquisition.

[0027] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully automatic testing device for the mechanical properties of alloy steel for railway frogs, comprising a frame, characterized in that, Also includes: Two sample holders are symmetrically mounted on the frame and are height adjustable. They are used to fix the alloy sample that is bent in an arc shape. The two alloy samples are symmetrically arranged with the same center. A temperature control device and a vertical vibrator are fixedly installed on the sample holders. Two guide arc rails are fixed to the frame and have the same curvature as the alloy sample. They are arranged alternately with the alloy sample in the circumferential direction to form an arc-shaped walking track centered on the circle. The curvature of the guide arc rails is greater than that of the alloy sample. Each alloy sample is provided with a trackless interval arc segment between it and the adjacent guide arc rail. The rotating shaft is installed at the center of the circle; The rotating beam is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft. A rotating motor is installed at the bottom of the frame. The output shaft of the rotating motor is connected to the rotating shaft through a synchronous toothed belt. Two composite loading mechanisms are symmetrically mounted on the rotating beam. Each composite loading mechanism includes a loading slide that can move vertically and radially along the rotating beam. A loading wheel is rotatably mounted on the loading slide via bearings. A rotary motor and a high-speed camera of the opposite loading wheel are fixedly mounted on the loading slide. The output shaft end of the rotary motor is fixedly connected to the loading wheel. A counterweight block that can move radially along the rotating beam is provided on the rotating beam. The loading parameters of the two composite loading mechanisms are different from each other. The composite loading mechanism also includes a vertical pressure frame slidably connected to the rotating beam. Two vertical pressure cylinders are fixedly installed on the rotating beam. The movable output ends of the two vertical pressure cylinders are fixedly connected to the vertical pressure frame. A radial slide rail is fixedly installed on the vertical pressure frame. The loading slide is slidably connected to the radial slide rail. A radial pressure cylinder is fixedly installed on the vertical pressure frame. The movable output end of the radial pressure cylinder is fixedly connected to the loading slide. An adjustment push cylinder is fixedly installed on the rotating beam. The movable output end of the adjustment push cylinder is fixedly connected to the counterweight. A set of lifting cylinders is fixedly installed on the frame at the position corresponding to the two sample fixing seats. The movable output ends of the two sets of lifting cylinders are fixedly connected to the two sample fixing seats respectively, and elastic pads are provided at the connection between the lifting cylinders and the sample fixing seats. The axes of the lifting push cylinder and the vertical pressure cylinder are parallel to the axis of the rotary shaft, while the axes of the radial pressure cylinder and the adjusting push cylinder, as well as the rotation axis of the loading wheel, are perpendicular to the axis of the rotary shaft. The detection element is used to collect mechanical response parameters during the test.

2. The fully automatic testing device for the mechanical properties of railway frog alloy steel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame has two protective covers and multiple soundproof side panels installed on its outer perimeter. Each of the two protective covers has a door with a transparent viewing window. An electrical wiring platform is installed on the top of the frame.

3. The fully automatic testing device for the mechanical properties of railway frog alloy steel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide rail has an arc of 80°, the alloy sample has an arc of 60°, and the central angle corresponding to each trackless interval arc segment is 20°.

4. The fully automatic testing device for the mechanical properties of railway frog alloy steel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection elements include two support plates fixedly mounted on the rotating beam. A laser profile sensor and an ultrasonic probe are fixedly mounted on the two support plates respectively. The signal transmitting ends of the laser profile sensor and the ultrasonic probe are parallel to the axis of the rotating shaft. An audio acquisition sensor and a vibration sensor are fixedly mounted on each of the two sample holders. Encoders are integrated into the rotary motor and the rotating motor. A central control unit is fixedly mounted on a protective cover plate. A battery is integrated into both the laser profile sensor and the ultrasonic probe. Pressure sensors are integrated into the movable output ends of the lifting push cylinder, the radial pressure cylinder, and the adjusting push cylinder. The data terminals of the encoder, pressure sensor, laser profile sensor, ultrasonic probe, audio acquisition sensor, and vibration sensor are all connected to the central control unit via wireless signal transmission.

5. The fully automatic testing device for the mechanical properties of railway frog alloy steel according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both loading wheels are fixedly equipped with limiting flanges. One limiting flange is located on the inner side of the alloy sample, and the other limiting flange is located on the outer side of the alloy sample.

6. The fully automatic testing device for the mechanical properties of railway frog alloy steel according to claim 5, characterized in that, The temperature control device includes a heater, a semiconductor refrigeration module, and a temperature probe, all integrated and installed on the bottom of the sample holder. The electrical control terminals of the heater and the semiconductor refrigeration module, as well as the data terminal of the temperature probe, are all connected to the central control unit.

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