A method and system for measuring and regulating carbon emissions of breeding based on the life cycle of a flock

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on flock life cycle's breeding carbon emission measurement and emission reduction control method and system, it is related to livestock breeding carbon emission management technical field, technical scheme is, including obtaining sheep life cycle data, ewe association data and breeding process data, establish sheep individual carbon account book;According to life cycle stage, corresponding emission factor group is called, and the carbon emission of stage is calculated and written into individual carbon account book;According to ewe association, the carbon emission of stage of breeding ewe is apportioned to corresponding lamb, and forms inheritance carbon load;According to individual carbon account book and breeding process data, calculate unit output carbon intensity, determine to be regulated sheep;According to unit output carbon intensity, generate supplementary feeding control instruction, and through wireless radio frequency identification type supplementary feeding station, individualized supplementary feeding is carried out.The present application can improve the accuracy of flock breeding carbon emission measurement, and realize the emission reduction supplementary feeding control of individual sheep.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of carbon emission management technology in animal husbandry, and in particular to a method and system for measuring and controlling carbon emissions from animal husbandry based on the life cycle of sheep flocks. Background Technology

[0002] Livestock farming generates greenhouse gas emissions. Ruminants like sheep also emit methane through intestinal fermentation. Furthermore, manure management, feed production, and feeding processes also contribute to carbon emissions. Therefore, accurately measuring carbon emissions during sheep farming and implementing emission reduction measures based on these measurements is a crucial issue that needs to be addressed in the field of low-carbon farming.

[0003] Current methods for calculating carbon emissions from sheep flocks primarily rely on group data such as the number of sheep in stock, the number of sheep slaughtered, feed consumption, and manure production, combined with fixed emission factors for estimation. This approach typically only yields emissions results at the farm or batch level, failing to reflect the emissions differences of individual sheep at different life stages, such as non-pregnant, pregnant, lactating, weaning and fattening, shearing, and culling, resulting in limited measurement accuracy.

[0004] Meanwhile, sheep farming exhibits a distinct reproductive cycle. The carbon emissions generated by breeding ewes during maintenance, pregnancy, and lactation are closely related to the subsequent growth and market value of their lambs. Existing accounting methods typically fail to reasonably allocate the stage-specific carbon emissions generated by breeding ewes within a specific reproductive cycle to the corresponding lambs based on the ewe-lamb relationship, resulting in an inaccurate reflection of the life-cycle carbon load of lambs or mutton products.

[0005] In addition, existing emission reduction and control methods mostly adopt the method of uniformly adjusting the diet of the whole flock or uniformly feeding emission reduction materials. There is a lack of means to differentiate supplementary feeding and control based on individual carbon emission intensity, which can easily lead to waste of emission reduction materials and make it difficult to timely control for sheep with high carbon intensity.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a method and system for measuring and controlling carbon emissions from livestock farming based on the life cycle of sheep. By establishing individual carbon ledgers for each sheep and combining life cycle stage identification, ewe carbon load allocation, unit output carbon intensity determination, and radio frequency identification supplementary feeding stations, the system can achieve precise measurement and individualized control of carbon emissions from sheep flocks. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a method and system for measuring and controlling carbon emissions from livestock farming based on the life cycle of sheep flocks.

[0008] The technical solution includes the following steps: S1. Obtain the individual identity information, ewe-lamb association information, life cycle event information, production performance information and feeding information of sheep, and establish an individual carbon ledger for the corresponding sheep based on the individual identity information; S2. Determine the life cycle stage of the sheep based on the life cycle event information, call the stage emission factor group corresponding to the life cycle stage, calculate the stage carbon emission of the sheep based on the production performance information and feeding information, and write the stage carbon emission into the individual carbon ledger of the corresponding sheep. S3. Based on the maternal-lamb association information, the stage carbon emissions of the breeding ewe are allocated to the individual carbon ledger of the corresponding lamb as the inherited carbon load of the lamb. S4. Based on the individual carbon ledger, production performance information and feeding information of the sheep, calculate the unit output carbon intensity of the sheep at the current life cycle stage, and determine the sheep to be regulated based on the unit output carbon intensity. S5. Generate a supplementary feeding control instruction based on the unit output carbon intensity of the sheep to be regulated. The supplementary feeding control instruction is used to determine the parameters for the delivery of emission reduction supplementary feeding materials. S6. When the sheep to be regulated enter the radio frequency identification supplementary feeding station, the feeding mechanism of the radio frequency identification supplementary feeding station is controlled according to the supplementary feeding control command to provide individualized supplementary feeding for the sheep to be regulated, and the individual carbon ledger of the corresponding sheep is updated according to the production performance information and feeding information after supplementary feeding.

[0009] Preferably, in step S1, the individual identity information, ewe-lamb association information, and life cycle event information are obtained by the sheep flock breeding management system, and the production performance information and feeding information are obtained by at least one of the weighing equipment, feeding record equipment, and supplementary feeding record equipment. The individual carbon ledger includes sheep identity records, life cycle stage records, stage carbon emission records, inherited carbon load records, unit output carbon intensity records, and supplementary feeding control records.

[0010] Preferably, in step S2, the life cycle stage includes at least one of the following: non-pregnant period, mating and gestation period, lactation period, weaning and fattening period, shearing period, pre-market stage, and culling period. The set of emission factors for each stage corresponds to a stage in the life cycle and includes at least one of intestinal fermentation emission factors, manure management emission factors, and feed indirect emission factors.

[0011] Preferably, in step S3, the carbon emissions of the breeding ewe are allocated to the individual carbon ledger of the corresponding lamb based on the ewe-lamb association information, including: Based on the ewe-lamb association information, the lambs corresponding to the breeding ewes in the same breeding cycle are determined, and the stage carbon emissions generated by the breeding ewes in the breeding cycle are extracted from the individual carbon ledger of the breeding ewes as the carbon emissions to be allocated.

[0012] Preferably, allocating the carbon emissions to be allocated to the individual carbon ledgers of the corresponding lambs includes: The survival status of the lambs is obtained, and at least one of the weaning weight, lactation days and slaughter weight of the lambs is obtained as an effective output parameter. The amortization weight corresponding to each lamb is determined according to the survival status and the effective output parameter. The carbon emissions to be allocated are written into the individual carbon ledger of each lamb according to the amortization weight, as the inherited carbon load of the corresponding lamb.

[0013] Preferably, in step S4, calculating the unit carbon intensity of sheep at the current life stage includes: The cumulative carbon emissions of a sheep at its current life cycle stage are determined based on its individual carbon ledger, and the corresponding stage output is determined based on the production performance information. The carbon intensity per unit output is determined based on the cumulative carbon emissions and the stage output. The carbon intensity per unit output is compared with the carbon intensity benchmark value corresponding to the same life cycle stage, and sheep that exceed the carbon intensity benchmark value are identified as sheep to be regulated.

[0014] Preferably, in step S5, generating a supplementary feeding control command includes: The carbon intensity deviation is determined based on the difference between the unit output carbon intensity of the sheep to be regulated and the carbon intensity benchmark value. The level of emission reduction supplementary feed is determined based on the carbon intensity deviation. At least one of the following is determined based on the level of the supplementary feed: the proportion of emission reduction supplementary feed, the amount of feed given at one time, and the frequency of feed given. The supplementary feed regulation instruction is then generated.

[0015] Preferably, the radio frequency identification (RFID) supplementary feeding station includes an RFID unit, a control unit, a basic feed bin, an emission reduction supplementary feed bin, and a feeding mechanism; In step S6, when the sheep to be regulated enters the radio frequency identification supplementary feeding station, the radio frequency identification unit reads the individual identity information of the sheep to be regulated. The control unit calls the corresponding supplementary feeding regulation command according to the individual identity information and controls the feeding mechanism to adjust the feeding amount of basic feed and emission reduction supplementary feed materials respectively, so as to form an individualized supplementary feeding ratio corresponding to the sheep to be regulated.

[0016] Preferably, in step S6, updating the individual carbon ledger of the corresponding sheep based on the production performance information and feeding information after supplemental feeding includes: Record the actual amount of supplemental feeding for the sheep to be regulated, and obtain updated production performance information and feeding information for the sheep to be regulated within a preset period after supplemental feeding; Based on the updated production performance information and feeding information, the stage carbon emissions and carbon intensity per unit output of the sheep to be regulated are recalculated, and the recalculated stage carbon emissions and carbon intensity per unit output are written into the individual carbon ledger of the corresponding sheep. If the recalculated unit output carbon intensity is still higher than the carbon intensity benchmark value, adjust the supplementary feeding control command for the next cycle.

[0017] A livestock farming carbon emission metering and reduction control system based on the sheep flock life cycle, characterized in that it includes: The information acquisition module is used to acquire individual identification information, ewe-lamb association information, life cycle event information, production performance information, and feeding information of sheep; The individual carbon ledger module is used to establish an individual carbon ledger for the corresponding sheep based on the individual identity information. The stage emission metering module is used to determine the life cycle stage of the sheep based on the life cycle event information, call the stage emission factor group corresponding to the life cycle stage, calculate the stage carbon emission of the sheep based on the production performance information and feeding information, and write the stage carbon emission into the individual carbon ledger of the corresponding sheep. The ewe carbon load allocation module is used to allocate the stage carbon emissions of the breeding ewe to the individual carbon ledger of the corresponding lamb based on the ewe-lamb association information, as the inherited carbon load of the lamb. The carbon intensity determination module is used to calculate the unit output carbon intensity of sheep at the current life stage based on the individual carbon ledger, production performance information and feeding information of sheep, and to determine the sheep to be regulated based on the unit output carbon intensity. The supplementary feeding instruction generation module is used to generate supplementary feeding control instructions based on the unit output carbon intensity of the sheep to be controlled. The supplementary feeding control instructions are used to determine the parameters for the delivery of emission reduction supplementary feeding materials. The supplementary feeding execution module includes a radio frequency identification (RFID) supplementary feeding station. The RFID supplementary feeding station includes an RFID unit, a control unit, and a feeding mechanism. The RFID unit is used to identify sheep to be regulated entering the RFID supplementary feeding station. The control unit is used to control the feeding mechanism to provide individualized supplementary feeding to the sheep to be regulated according to the supplementary feeding control command. The feedback update module is used to update the individual carbon ledger of the corresponding sheep based on the production performance information and feeding information after supplemental feeding.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention determines the stage of sheep based on the life cycle events of sheep and calls the corresponding stage emission factor group to calculate the stage carbon emissions. Compared with the group estimation method using fixed emission factors, it can more accurately reflect the emission differences of sheep in different stages such as non-pregnant, pregnant, lactating, and fattening, and improve the accuracy of carbon emission measurement in animal husbandry.

[0019] 2. This invention establishes an individual carbon ledger for each sheep, which links and stores its identity information, life cycle stage, stage carbon emissions, inherited carbon load, unit output carbon intensity, and supplementary feeding control records, facilitating continuous carbon emission management at the individual sheep level.

[0020] 3. Based on the information related to the mother and lamb, this invention allocates the stage carbon emissions generated by the breeding ewe during the corresponding breeding cycle to the individual carbon ledger of the corresponding lamb, so that the life cycle carbon load of lamb or mutton products can reflect the carbon emission contribution of the breeding ewe, and the measurement results are more consistent with the actual breeding process.

[0021] 4. This invention calculates the carbon intensity per unit output based on individual carbon ledgers, production performance information, and feeding information, and determines the sheep to be regulated accordingly. It can identify individuals with high carbon emissions per unit output and avoid extensive management based solely on the overall average of the flock.

[0022] 5. This invention generates supplementary feeding control instructions based on the unit carbon intensity of the sheep to be controlled, and provides individualized supplementary feeding to the sheep to be controlled through a radio frequency identification supplementary feeding station. This can reduce the waste caused by uniformly distributing emission reduction supplementary feed materials to the entire flock and improve the targeting of emission reduction control.

[0023] 6. This invention updates the individual carbon ledger based on updated production performance information and feeding information after supplemental feeding, and adjusts subsequent supplemental feeding control instructions to achieve closed-loop control of carbon emission measurement, supplemental feeding execution and feedback correction. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method for measuring and reducing carbon emissions from livestock farming based on the life cycle of sheep, as described in this invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of the livestock carbon emission measurement and reduction control system based on the sheep flock life cycle of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the logic of allocating carbon emissions from the breeding ewe stage to the individual lamb's carbon ledger in this invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the process in this invention for generating supplementary feeding control commands based on unit output carbon intensity and feeding back updates. Detailed Implementation

[0028] Example 1 See Figure 1 This embodiment provides a method for measuring and controlling carbon emissions from livestock farming based on the life cycle of sheep. It is applicable to large-scale meat sheep, cashmere goat, or dairy goat farming, and also to stall-feeding, semi-stall-feeding, or a combination of stall-feeding and grazing. This method uses an individual sheep as the basic measurement object and an individual sheep carbon ledger as the data carrier. It records and associates the sheep's identity information, mother-lamb relationship, life cycle stage, production performance, feeding status, stage carbon emissions, inherited carbon load, unit output carbon intensity, and supplementary feeding control process. Individualized supplementary feeding control is then implemented for each sheep based on unit output carbon intensity.

[0029] Specifically, the steps are as follows.

[0030] S1. Obtain the individual identity information, ewe-lamb association information, life cycle event information, production performance information and feeding information of sheep, and establish an individual carbon ledger for the corresponding sheep based on the individual identity information.

[0031] In this embodiment, each sheep is equipped with an individual identifier that can uniquely identify its identity. This individual identifier can be a regular ear tag number, an electronic ear tag number, a radio frequency tag number, or a unique code from the sheep flock management system. The sheep flock management system establishes a basic individual file for each sheep based on the individual identifier, and then establishes a corresponding individual carbon ledger under that basic file.

[0032] The individual identification information includes at least one of the following: sheep ID, breed, sex, date of birth, date of entry into pen, and pen number. The ewe-lamb association information includes at least one of the following: breeding ewe ID, lamb ID, lambing date, number of lambs in the same litter, and lamb survival status. The life cycle event information includes at least one of the following: non-pregnant, mating, pregnancy, lambing, lactation, weaning, fattening, shearing, and culling. The production performance information includes at least one of the following: body weight, stage weight gain, weaning weight, slaughter weight, and wool yield. The feeding information includes at least one of the following: feed type, feed amount, feed intake, supplemental feed amount, feed batch, and feed dry matter content.

[0033] In one specific implementation, the individual identity information, ewe-lamb association information, and life cycle event information are obtained by the sheep flock management system; the production performance information is obtained by weighing equipment, manual weighing records, or automatic weighing channels; and the feeding information is obtained by feed intake recording equipment, supplementary feeding recording equipment, feed dispensing systems, or manual entry records. For farms without automatic feed intake recording equipment, feeding information can be entered into the sheep flock management system by the farmers according to pen, batch, or individual. The system will then aggregate the corresponding information into the individual carbon ledger of the corresponding sheep based on the sheep number, recording time, and data type.

[0034] The individual carbon ledger includes sheep identification records, life cycle stage records, stage carbon emission records, inherited carbon load records, unit output carbon intensity records, and supplementary feeding control records. The sheep identification record stores the sheep's unique identification information; the life cycle stage record records the sheep's current life cycle stage and stage transition time; the stage carbon emission record records the carbon emissions generated by the sheep at different life cycle stages; the inherited carbon load record records the carbon load allocated from breeding ewes to lambs; the unit output carbon intensity record records the sheep's carbon emission intensity at the current life cycle stage; and the supplementary feeding control record records supplementary feeding control instructions, supplementary feeding execution time, supplementary feeding material type, and actual supplementary feeding amount.

[0035] S2. Determine the life cycle stage of the sheep based on the life cycle event information, call the stage emission factor group corresponding to the life cycle stage, calculate the stage carbon emissions of the sheep based on the production performance information and feeding information, and write the stage carbon emissions into the individual carbon ledger of the corresponding sheep.

[0036] In this embodiment, the sheep flock management system determines the current life cycle stage of a sheep based on life cycle event information. For example, when a sheep has been bred and its pregnancy has been confirmed, its life cycle stage is determined to be the breeding and pregnancy period; when a breeding ewe has completed lambing and the corresponding lamb is not yet weaned, its life cycle stage is determined to be the lactation period; when a lamb has been weaned and entered the fattening pen, its life cycle stage is determined to be the weaning and fattening period; when a sheep enters the shearing cycle, its life cycle stage is determined to be the shearing period; and when a sheep reaches the conditions for slaughter or culling, its life cycle stage is determined to be the culling period or the pre-slaughter stage.

[0037] The system is pre-configured with stage emission factor groups corresponding to different life cycle stages. These stage emission factor groups include at least one of intestinal fermentation emission factors, manure management emission factors, and feed indirect emission factors. Different life cycle stages correspond to different feed intake levels, feed composition, metabolic states, and manure production; therefore, the system calls upon the corresponding stage emission factor group based on the sheep's current life cycle stage.

[0038] For the The sheep in the first The carbon emissions for each stage of the life cycle are calculated as follows:

[0039] in, For the first The sheep in the first Carbon emissions at each stage of the life cycle; This refers to the amount of waste produced during intestinal fermentation. For the amount of sewage discharged; This represents indirect emissions from feed. The unit for staged carbon emissions is kg CO2e. The units for feed intake-related parameters, manure generation-related parameters, and feed-related parameters are matched with the units of the corresponding emission factors.

[0040] The emissions from intestinal fermentation, fecal waste management, and indirect feed emissions are calculated as follows:

[0041]

[0042]

[0043] in, For the first The sheep in the first Feeding-related parameters for each life cycle stage, wherein the feeding-related parameters are calculated based on feed intake, feed dry matter weight, feeding amount or feeding information; The parameters related to manure generation are determined based on sheep weight, feed intake, pen manure cleaning records, or estimated manure generation parameters. These are feed-related parameters, which are determined based on feed type, feed dosage, feed dry matter content, and feed batch. , , The first The intestinal fermentation emission factors, manure management emission factors, and feed indirect emission factors correspond to each life cycle stage.

[0044] For lambs in the weaning-finishing period, the system calculates their stage carbon emissions by calling the corresponding stage emission factor set based on their stage feed intake, stage weight gain, and feed type. For breeding ewes in the lactation period, the system calculates their stage carbon emissions by calling the corresponding stage emission factor set based on their lactation-period feed intake, weight change, lamb nursing records, and feed composition. The calculated stage carbon emissions are then linked to the sheep's ID, life cycle stage, calculation time, and data source and written into the corresponding sheep's individual carbon ledger.

[0045] S3. Based on the ewe-lamb association information, the stage carbon emissions of the breeding ewe are allocated to the individual carbon ledger of the corresponding lamb as the inherited carbon load of the lamb.

[0046] In this embodiment, the system determines the lambs corresponding to the breeding ewe within the same breeding cycle based on the ewe-lamb association information. For example, the breeding ewe... Lambs born during a certain breeding cycle , and The system will breed ewes With lamb , , Establish a correlation between ewes and lambs within the same breeding cycle. The system extracts the stage carbon emissions generated by the ewe during the breeding cycle from the individual carbon ledger of the ewe, as the carbon emissions to be allocated. The carbon emissions to be allocated include the stage carbon emissions generated by the ewe during at least one of the following stages: non-pregnant period, mating and gestation period, and lactation period. In another embodiment, the carbon emissions to be allocated include the stage carbon emissions generated by the ewe during mating and gestation period and lactation period. For the first lamb within the same breeding cycle... For lambs, their amortization weight is calculated as follows:

[0047] in, For the first The amortization weight corresponding to each lamb object; For the first Effective output parameters for lamb objects; This refers to the number of lambs participating in the allocation within the same breeding cycle. The inherited carbon load of a lamb object is calculated as follows:

[0048] in, To write the first Inherited carbon load in the individual carbon ledger of a lamb; Carbon emissions to be allocated for breeding ewes within the same breeding cycle.

[0049] The effective output parameters The effective output parameter is determined based on at least one of the lamb's survival status, weaning weight, number of days of lactation, and slaughter weight. In one specific manner, the effective output parameter is calculated as follows:

[0050] in, For the first The survival status parameter for each lamb object has a value of 1 when the lamb survives and a value of 0 when the lamb does not survive. For the first The weaning weight, slaughter weight, or other stage output of the lambs.

[0051] When a lamb fails to survive, A value of 0 indicates that the lamb does not participate in the carbon load allocation for subsequent lamb products; when the lamb survives, its The value is set to 1, and the corresponding amortization weight is determined based on the weaning weight, slaughter weight, or output at other stages. The system will calculate the inherited carbon load. Write the data into the individual carbon ledger of the corresponding lamb object, and record the corresponding ewe number, breeding cycle number, and amortization time.

[0052] S4. Based on the individual carbon ledger, production performance information and feeding information of the sheep, calculate the unit output carbon intensity of the sheep at the current life cycle stage, and determine the sheep to be regulated based on the unit output carbon intensity.

[0053] In this embodiment, the system determines the cumulative carbon emissions of a sheep at its current life cycle stage based on its individual carbon ledger, and determines the corresponding stage output based on production performance information. The stage output includes at least one of stage weight gain, weaning weight, slaughter weight, and wool production.

[0054] For the The sheep in the first The carbon intensity per unit output at each life cycle stage is calculated as follows:

[0055] in, For the first The sheep in the first Carbon intensity per unit output at each life cycle stage; For the first The cumulative carbon emissions of a single sheep at its current life cycle stage; For the first The output of a sheep at its current life cycle stage, of which, ;when At this time, the system does not calculate the unit output carbon intensity of the sheep in the current cycle, but will calculate it after obtaining the effective stage output. For lambs, the cumulative carbon emissions are... This includes inherited carbon loads in an individual carbon ledger and staged carbon emissions generated during the current life cycle stage. For non-lambs, the cumulative carbon emissions include staged carbon emissions generated during the current life cycle stage. The system uses records already written in the individual carbon ledger as a unified data source for calculation; inherited carbon loads are not repeatedly added as independent parameters. The system compares the calculated unit output carbon intensity with the carbon intensity benchmark value corresponding to the same life cycle stage. The system will consider the following conditions when the first carbon intensity is calculated: Only one sheep has been identified as a sheep subject to regulation:

[0056] in, For the first The carbon intensity benchmark value corresponds to each life cycle stage. The carbon intensity benchmark value is determined based on the historical average value of the sheep flock at the same life cycle stage, the average value of sheep in the same pen, the farm's preset management value, or the regional low-carbon farming target value.

[0057] For a group of lambs all in the weaning and fattening period, the system calculates the carbon intensity per unit output for each lamb and compares it with the baseline carbon intensity value corresponding to the weaning and fattening period. Lambs with a carbon intensity per unit output higher than the baseline value are marked as lambs requiring intervention and enter the supplementary feeding intervention instruction generation process.

[0058] S5. Generate a supplementary feeding control instruction based on the unit output carbon intensity of the sheep to be controlled. The supplementary feeding control instruction is used to determine the parameters for the delivery of emission reduction supplementary feeding materials.

[0059] In this embodiment, the system determines the carbon intensity deviation of the sheep to be regulated based on the difference between the unit output carbon intensity of the sheep and the carbon intensity benchmark value of the corresponding life cycle stage:

[0060] in, For the first The sheep in the first Carbon intensity bias at each stage of the life cycle.

[0061] The system determines the level of feed addition for emission reduction based on the carbon intensity deviation. For example, when When, it is determined to be the first level of deployment; when When, it is determined to be the second level of deployment; when At that time, it was determined to be the third level of distribution. Different distribution levels correspond to different proportions, single distribution amounts, or distribution frequencies of emission reduction supplementary feed materials.

[0062] In one specific method, the amount of feed material administered at one time for emission reduction is calculated as follows:

[0063] in, For the first All that remains is to adjust the amount of feed given to sheep at one time to reduce emissions; Basic deployment volume; This is the adjustment coefficient for the release of [something]. The maximum safe deployment limit.

[0064] The supplementary feeding control instruction includes at least one of the following: individual identification information of the sheep to be controlled, supplementary feeding execution time, type of emission-reducing supplementary feeding material, feeding ratio, single feeding amount, feeding frequency, and safe feeding limit. The system associates and saves the generated supplementary feeding control instruction with the individual carbon ledger of the corresponding sheep to be controlled, and sends it to the radio frequency identification supplementary feeding station.

[0065] S6. When the sheep to be regulated enter the radio frequency identification supplementary feeding station, the feeding mechanism of the radio frequency identification supplementary feeding station is controlled according to the supplementary feeding control command to provide individualized supplementary feeding for the sheep to be regulated, and the individual carbon ledger of the corresponding sheep is updated according to the production performance information and feeding information after supplementary feeding.

[0066] In this embodiment, the radio frequency identification (RFID) supplementary feeding station is installed in the sheepfold, exercise area, or supplementary feeding passage. The RFID supplementary feeding station includes an RFID unit, a control unit, a basic feed bin, an emission-reducing supplementary feed bin, and a dispensing mechanism. The RFID unit is used to read the individual identification information of the sheep entering the supplementary feeding station; the control unit is used to invoke the corresponding supplementary feeding control command for the sheep; and the dispensing mechanism is used to control the dispensing amount of basic feed and emission-reducing supplementary feed according to the supplementary feeding control command.

[0067] When a sheep to be regulated enters the RFID-based supplemental feeding station, the RFID unit reads the sheep's individual identification information. The control unit then checks whether the sheep is a sheep to be regulated based on this information. If the sheep is a sheep to be regulated, the control unit invokes its corresponding supplemental feeding regulation command and controls the feeding mechanism to adjust the amount of basic feed and emission-reducing supplemental feed, forming an individualized supplemental feeding ratio corresponding to the sheep to be regulated. If the sheep is not a sheep to be regulated, the control unit feeds the basic feed according to the regular supplemental feeding rules, or does not feed the emission-reducing supplemental feed.

[0068] After individualized supplemental feeding is completed, the system records the actual amount of supplemental feed, feeding time, amount of emission-reducing supplemental feed, and feeding completion status of the sheep, and writes the above data into the sheep's individual carbon ledger as new feeding information. Within a preset period after supplemental feeding, the system continues to acquire the sheep's updated production performance information and feeding information, which includes at least one of the following: weight change, stage weight gain, feed intake, and actual supplemental feed amount.

[0069] The system recalculates the sheep's stage carbon emissions and carbon intensity per unit output based on updated production performance and feeding information. If the recalculated carbon intensity per unit output is still higher than the baseline carbon intensity for the corresponding life cycle stage, the system adjusts the supplementary feeding control instructions for the next cycle, such as increasing the feeding level, adjusting the feeding frequency, or adjusting the ratio of emission-reducing supplementary feed to the basal feed. If the recalculated carbon intensity per unit output is not higher than the baseline carbon intensity for the corresponding life cycle stage, the system removes the sheep's pending control marker or places it under observation, and reduces, suspends, or maintains the feeding level of emission-reducing supplementary feed for the next cycle.

[0070] Example 2 See Figure 3 This embodiment, based on Embodiment 1, further illustrates the process of allocating the stage carbon emissions of breeding ewes to the individual carbon ledgers of corresponding lambs. This embodiment mainly illustrates the correspondence between ewe-lamb association information, breeding cycle, carbon emissions to be allocated, amortization weight, and inherited carbon load.

[0071] In this embodiment, the sheep flock management system establishes breeding cycle records based on breeding ewes. A breeding cycle can be determined according to the actual management method of the farm, for example, using the mating date, pregnancy confirmation date, lambing date, or weaning date as cycle nodes. In one specific implementation, a breeding cycle includes the mating and gestation period and the lactation period; in another implementation, a breeding cycle includes the non-pregnant period, the mating and gestation period, and the lactation period.

[0072] For breeding ewes The For each breeding cycle, the system determines the start and end times of the cycle based on lifecycle event information and establishes the breeding ewe in the ewe-lamb association information. The association between the ewe and its corresponding lamb. The ewe-lamb association information includes at least one of the following: ewe number, breeding cycle number, lambing date, lamb number, number of lambs in the same litter, lamb survival status, and lamb weaning date. Within this breeding cycle, the system retrieves information from the ewe... The system extracts the stage-specific carbon emissions of the breeding ewe from its individual carbon ledger. These stage-specific carbon emissions can include at least one of the following: carbon emissions during the non-pregnant period, carbon emissions during the mating and gestation period, and carbon emissions during the lactation period. The system then sums up the carbon emissions from each stage involved in the allocation to obtain the carbon emissions of the breeding ewe during the [stage name missing]. Carbon emissions to be allocated within each reproductive cycle:

[0073] in, For breeding ewes In the Carbon emissions to be allocated within a reproductive cycle; For breeding ewes In the The carbon emissions generated at each stage of the life cycle; For the first The set of life cycle stages that participate in the allocation within a reproductive cycle.

[0074] For example, when a farm only allocates the stage carbon emissions generated during mating, gestation, and lactation to lambs, This includes the breeding, gestation, and lactation periods; when farms need to include the carbon emissions generated by breeding ewes during the pre-partum maintenance phase in lamb product counts, This also includes the non-pregnant period or the prenatal maintenance period.

[0075] The system identifies the breeding ewe based on the lamb association information. In the The set of lamb objects corresponding to a breeding cycle. Let the set of lamb objects corresponding to a breeding cycle be . ,in This refers to the number of lambs within the same breeding cycle. For each lamb, the system obtains its survival status and uses at least one of the following as the basis for calculating effective output parameters: weaning weight, number of days of nursing, and slaughter weight.

[0076] In one specific implementation, the first The effective output parameters for a single lamb subject are determined as follows:

[0077] in, For the first Within the first reproductive cycle Effective output parameters for lamb objects; This is a survival status parameter for the lamb object. It takes a value of 1 when the lamb survives and a value of 0 when the lamb does not survive. This refers to the weaning weight or slaughter weight of the lamb. In another specific implementation, when it is necessary to consider weaning weight, number of days of nursing, and slaughter weight simultaneously, the first... The effective output parameters for a single lamb subject are determined as follows:

[0078] in, These are the normalized weaning weight, breastfeeding days, and slaughter weight, respectively. These are the corresponding weighting coefficients. The weighting coefficients can be determined based on the product type of the farm. For example, meat sheep farms can increase the weighting coefficient corresponding to the slaughter weight, while breeding sheep farms can increase the weighting coefficient corresponding to the weaning weight. Furthermore, the survival status parameters can be used to control whether surviving lambs participate in the allocation.

[0079] After determining the effective output parameters for each lamb object, the system calculates the amortization weight corresponding to each lamb object:

[0080] When a lamb object fails to survive, its survival status parameter A value of 0 corresponds to the effective output parameter. If the value is 0, the lamb does not participate in the carbon load allocation corresponding to the lamb products; when In such cases, the system either does not perform lamb inheritance carbon load allocation, or records the carbon emissions to be allocated separately as reproductive loss carbon load. When multiple lambs survive within the same reproductive cycle, the amortization weight for each lamb is determined based on its effective output parameters. Lambs with higher weaning weights or higher market weights correspond to higher amortization weights.

[0081] in, For the first Within the first reproductive cycle The system determines the inherited carbon load for each lamb object based on the carbon emissions to be allocated and the amortization weight.

[0082] in, For the first Within the first reproductive cycle The inherited carbon load of the lamb object. After the inherited carbon load calculation is completed, the system will... The inherited carbon load is recorded in the individual carbon ledger of the corresponding lamb, and this record is associated with the breeding ewe number, breeding cycle number, carbon emissions to be allocated, amortization weight, amortization time, and data source. After the lamb enters the subsequent weaning and fattening period or other life cycle stages, the inherited carbon load is recorded as the carbon load in the individual carbon ledger of that lamb and participates in the calculation of its unit output carbon intensity.

[0083] For example, breeding ewes The carbon emissions to be allocated during the first reproductive cycle are It corresponds to three lambs , , .in, and survive, They did not survive; The weaning weight is , The weaning weight is If weaning weight is used as the effective output parameter, then:

[0084]

[0085]

[0086] The corresponding amortization weight is:

[0087]

[0088]

[0089] Correspondingly, lamb The inherited carbon load is:

[0090] lamb The inherited carbon load is:

[0091] lamb The lambs are not included in subsequent inherited carbon load writing as live lamb products. In another implementation, if weaning weight or slaughter weight data is missing for all live lambs in the same breeding cycle, the system can use the number of live lambs for equal distribution. Let the number of live lambs in the same breeding cycle be... The amortization weight for each surviving lamb is:

[0092] When weaning weight or slaughter weight is subsequently recorded, the system can recalculate the amortization weight based on the effective output parameters after the record is made up, and update the inherited carbon load record in the carbon ledger of the corresponding lamb.

[0093] To avoid duplicate allocation of carbon emissions during the breeding ewe stage within the same breeding cycle, the system sets an allocation status flag in the individual carbon ledger of each breeding ewe. This flag records whether the carbon emissions to be allocated for that breeding cycle have already been allocated. When the system detects that an allocation completion flag already exists for a breeding cycle, it will not repeatedly perform the allocation operation for the same carbon emissions to be allocated. When the effective output parameters of the lambs are updated, the system corrects the allocation based on the original carbon emissions to be allocated and the updated amortization weight, and retains the records before and after the correction.

[0094] In this embodiment, the allocation of carbon load for ewes does not alter the staged carbon emission records in the individual carbon ledger of the breeding ewe; these records remain used for the ewe's own lifecycle carbon emission management. The inherited carbon load written into the individual carbon ledger of lambs characterizes the carbon load inherited by the lamb's product from the breeding ewe's reproductive process. This process ensures that the ewe's own records and the lamb's inherited records have different data uses, avoiding the duplicate counting of the same carbon emission within the same carbon ledger object. When summarizing the total carbon emissions of the sheep farm, the inherited carbon load is not counted as a new emission.

[0095] Example 3 See Figure 4 This embodiment, based on Embodiments 1 and 2, further illustrates the individualized supplemental feeding control and feedback update process based on unit carbon intensity. This embodiment mainly explains the determination of the sheep to be controlled, the generation of supplemental feeding control instructions, the execution method of the radio frequency identification (RFID) supplemental feeding station, and the method of updating the individual carbon ledger after supplemental feeding.

[0096] In this embodiment, the sheep farming management system groups sheep according to their life cycle stages. For example, lambs in the weaning and fattening period are divided into one comparison group, breeding ewes in the lactation period are divided into another comparison group, and sheep in the shearing period or pre-market stage are divided into corresponding comparison groups. The system compares the carbon intensity per unit of output within the same life cycle stage to avoid distortion of comparison results due to differences in feed intake, weight gain, wool production, or reproductive status between different physiological stages.

[0097] For the The sheep in the first At each lifecycle stage, the system reads the cumulative carbon emissions already written within the current lifecycle stage from the sheep's individual carbon ledger. And determine the corresponding stage output based on production performance information. ,when At this time, the system does not calculate the unit output carbon intensity for that statistical period. For sheep in the weaning and fattening period, the stage output can be the stage weight gain; for sheep in the shearing period, the stage output can be the wool production; for sheep in the pre-slaughter stage, the stage output can be the increase in live weight at slaughter or the carcass weight.

[0098] The unit carbon intensity produced is calculated using the following formula:

[0099] in, For the first The sheep in the first Carbon intensity per unit output at each life cycle stage; This represents the cumulative carbon emissions of the sheep during its current life cycle stage. This represents the stage output of the sheep during its current life cycle stage. When the... When the sheep is a lamb, This includes the inherited carbon load already written into the lamb's individual carbon ledger, as well as its own stage-specific carbon emissions during the current life cycle phase. The system reads the recorded data from the individual carbon ledger for calculation, without additionally adding the inherited carbon load during the calculation process. For breeding ewes, rams, or other non-lambs, This includes the carbon emissions generated during the current stage of its life cycle. The system sets a corresponding carbon intensity benchmark value for each life cycle stage. The carbon intensity benchmark value can be determined based on the historical average carbon intensity per unit output of sheep in the same life cycle stage, the real-time average carbon intensity per unit output of sheep in the same pen, the low-carbon management target value of the farm, or the regional low-carbon farming reference value. In one specific implementation, the system uses the average carbon intensity per unit output of sheep in the same pen, of the same breed, and in the same life cycle stage over the past thirty days as the carbon intensity benchmark value.

[0100] When the following formula is satisfied, the system will... Only one sheep has been identified as a sheep subject to regulation:

[0101] To avoid misjudgments caused by daily data fluctuations, the system can set continuous judgment conditions. For example, when the... The sheep meet the requirements in two or three consecutive statistical periods. At that time, the sheep is marked as a sheep to be controlled. The statistical period can be one day, three days, seven days, or one feeding management cycle.

[0102] After identifying the sheep to be regulated, the system calculates the carbon intensity deviation of that sheep:

[0103] in, For the first The sheep in the first Carbon intensity bias at each stage of the life cycle.

[0104] The system determines the level of feed addition for emission reduction based on the carbon intensity deviation. As one specific implementation, the system sets a first deviation threshold. Second deviation threshold ,in When satisfied When it is determined to be the first level of deployment; when it meets the requirements When it is determined to be the second level of deployment; when it meets the requirements At that time, it was determined to be the third level of deployment.

[0105] The first feeding level corresponds to a lower proportion or frequency of emission reduction supplementary feed; the second feeding level corresponds to a medium proportion or frequency; and the third feeding level corresponds to a higher proportion or frequency. The system can also limit the amount of feed given to each feeding level based on the sheep's weight, current feed intake, health status, and the safe feeding limit for emission reduction supplementary feed.

[0106] In one specific implementation, the amount of emission reduction supplementary feed administered at one time is determined as follows:

[0107] in, For the first All that remains is to adjust the amount of feed given to sheep at one time to reduce emissions; Basic deployment volume; This is the adjustment coefficient for the release of [something]. The maximum safe deployment limit.

[0108] In another specific implementation, the system uses a grading table to determine the feeding amount. For example, the first feeding level corresponds to a first proportion of the emission reduction supplementary feed to the total supplementary feed, the second feeding level corresponds to a second proportion, and the third feeding level corresponds to a third proportion, wherein the third proportion is greater than the second proportion, and the second proportion is greater than the first proportion. The proportions can be preset according to the type of emission reduction supplementary feed, the weight of the sheep, and the feeding stage.

[0109] The supplementary feeding control instructions include at least one of the following: individual sheep identification information, life cycle stage, carbon intensity deviation, feeding level, basic feed feeding amount, emission reduction supplementary feed feeding amount, feeding frequency, execution time, and safe feeding limit. The system associates and saves the supplementary feeding control instructions with the individual carbon ledger of the sheep to be controlled, and sends them to the control unit of the RFID supplementary feeding station.

[0110] Radio frequency identification (RFID) supplementary feeding stations are installed in sheepfold passageways, exercise yard entrances, or independent supplementary feeding areas. Each RFID-based supplementary feeding station includes an RFID unit, a control unit, a basic feed bin, an emission-reducing supplementary feed bin, and a dispensing mechanism. The basic feed bin stores regular supplementary feed, while the emission-reducing supplementary feed bin stores low-methane supplements or emission-reducing additives. The dispensing mechanism can be a screw feeder, a rotary feeder, a weighing feeder, or a gate feeder.

[0111] When sheep enter the RFID-based supplemental feeding station, the RFID unit reads the electronic ear tag or RFID tag worn by the sheep to obtain its individual identification information. The control unit then uses this individual identification information to determine whether the sheep belongs to the group requiring adjustment. If the sheep does belong to the group, the control unit reads the corresponding supplemental feeding control command and controls the feeding mechanism to adjust the feeding amounts in the basic feed bin and the emission reduction supplemental feed bin, respectively, to create an individualized supplemental feeding ratio tailored to the sheep.

[0112] For example, sheep to be regulated The supplementary feeding control command corresponds to the second feeding level, and the control unit controls the feeding of the basic feed bin. And control the discharge of feed materials from the emission reduction supplementary feed bins. This involves feeding the sheep a mixed supplementary feed containing emission-reducing supplementary materials. (Sheep to be regulated) If the supplementary feeding control command corresponds to the third feeding level, the control unit will increase the amount of feed discharged from the emission reduction supplementary feeding bin or increase the feeding frequency in the next cycle, provided that it does not exceed the safe feeding limit.

[0113] If the sheep entering the supplementary feeding station are not among the sheep requiring intervention, the control unit will control the dispensing of basic feed bins according to the regular supplementary feeding rules, or will not dispensing of emission reduction supplementary feed bins. If the system detects that the sheep requiring intervention has already completed the corresponding feeding frequency in the current cycle, the control unit will stop dispensing emission reduction supplementary feed and only record the time and identity information of that entry into the supplementary feeding station.

[0114] To prevent excessive consumption of emission reduction supplementary feed by the same sheep repeatedly consuming feed within a short period, the control unit is set with a minimum feeding interval and a maximum daily feed amount. If the same sheep to be regulated re-enters the feeding station before the minimum feeding interval has been reached, the control unit will not administer emission reduction supplementary feed. When the cumulative amount of emission reduction supplementary feed administered to that sheep reaches the maximum daily feed amount, the control unit will stop administering emission reduction supplementary feed for the rest of the day.

[0115] After individualized supplemental feeding is completed, the system records the sheep's actual supplemental feeding amount, feeding time, basal feed amount, emission-reducing supplemental feed amount, feeding level, and feeding completion status. The actual supplemental feeding amount is written into the sheep's individual carbon ledger as new feeding information. For supplemental feeding stations equipped with weighing feed troughs, the system can also determine the actual feed intake based on the change in trough weight before and after supplemental feeding; for supplemental feeding stations without weighing feed troughs, the system can use the actual feed amount as the feeding amount in the supplemental feeding record.

[0116] Within a preset period after supplemental feeding, the system continues to acquire updated production performance and feeding information for the sheep to be regulated. The updated production performance information includes at least one of the following: post-supplemental feeding weight, stage weight gain, weaning weight, or slaughter weight. The updated feeding information includes at least one of the following: feed intake, supplemental feeding amount, amount of emission-reducing supplemental feed administered, and feed type. The preset period can be seven days, fourteen days, twenty-one days, or a complete feeding management cycle.

[0117] The system recalculates the stage carbon emissions for the sheep based on updated production performance and feeding information. During the recalculation, the use of emission-reducing supplementary feed can be included as part of the feeding information in the stage carbon emissions calculation. The system also recalculates the carbon intensity per unit output based on the recalculated stage carbon emissions and the updated stage output.

[0118] in, The carbon intensity per unit output was recalculated after supplemental feeding. This is the cumulative carbon emissions recalculated after supplemental feeding; This represents the output during the replenishment phase after supplemental feeding. ,when If necessary, the system will postpone the calculation until the effective stage output is obtained. The system will write the recalculated stage carbon emissions, carbon intensity per unit output, and supplementary feeding execution records into the individual carbon ledger of the corresponding sheep and establish a link with the original supplementary feeding control instructions.

[0119] when At this time, the system maintains the sheep in a state of pending adjustment and adjusts the supplementary feeding control instructions for the next cycle according to the new carbon intensity deviation. If the new carbon intensity deviation increases, the system increases the feeding level, increases the feeding frequency, or adjusts the ratio of basic feed to emission reduction supplementary feed; if the new carbon intensity deviation decreases but is still higher than the benchmark value, the system maintains the original feeding level or slightly reduces the feeding frequency.

[0120] when When this happens, the system removes the sheep's "pending control" marker or places it in observation mode. Sheep in observation mode can continue to be supplemented according to the regular feeding rules, and their carbon intensity per unit output will continue to be monitored within the subsequent preset period. When the sheep exceeds the carbon intensity benchmark value for the corresponding life cycle stage again, the system will regenerate the supplementary feeding control instruction.

[0121] In a specific example, a weaned fattening lamb The current unit output carbon intensity is The carbon intensity benchmark value for its weaning and fattening period is ,and The system calculates its carbon strength deviation. The sheep is designated as the second level of feed distribution. Upon entering the RFID-based supplemental feeding station, the RFID unit reads its electronic ear tag number. The control unit then invokes the supplemental feeding control command corresponding to the second level and controls the dispensing of feed from the basic feed bin and the emission reduction supplemental feed bin. Within a preset cycle after supplemental feeding, the system records the sheep's actual supplemental feed amount, stage weight gain, and feed intake, and recalculates its unit output carbon intensity. If the recalculated result is lower than or equal to the corresponding carbon intensity benchmark value, the system lowers the level of emission reduction supplemental feed distribution for the next cycle; if the recalculated result is still higher than the corresponding carbon intensity benchmark value, the system continues to adjust the supplemental feeding control command based on the new deviation.

[0122] Example 4 See Figure 2 This embodiment, based on Embodiments 1 to 3, provides a livestock carbon emission metering and reduction control system based on the sheep flock life cycle. This system is used to execute the method described in Embodiment 1, and is used to achieve sheep information collection, individual carbon ledger establishment, life cycle stage emission metering, ewe carbon load allocation, unit output carbon intensity determination, supplementary feeding control instruction generation, execution of RFID-based supplementary feeding stations, and post-supplementary feeding feedback updates.

[0123] The system includes an information acquisition module, an individual carbon ledger module, a phased emission measurement module, a ewe carbon load allocation module, a carbon intensity determination module, a supplementary feeding instruction generation module, a supplementary feeding execution module, and a feedback update module.

[0124] The information acquisition module is used to acquire individual sheep identification information, ewe-lamb association information, life cycle event information, production performance information, and feeding information. The information acquisition module can communicate with at least one of the following: sheep flock management system, weighing equipment, feed recording equipment, supplementary feeding recording equipment, radio frequency identification (RFID) equipment, and manual data entry terminal.

[0125] In one specific implementation, the information acquisition module reads sheep ID, breed, sex, date of birth, date of entry into pen, pen number, breeding ewe ID, lamb ID, lambing date, weaning date, mating record, pregnancy record, shearing record, and culling record from the sheep breeding management system; it reads body weight, weaning weight, slaughter weight, and stage weight gain from the weighing device; and it reads feed type, feed amount, feed intake, supplementary feed amount, supplementary feed time, and feed batch from the feed intake record device or supplementary feed record device. For farms without automatic data collection equipment, the information acquisition module can also receive data uploaded by manually entered data from a terminal.

[0126] The individual carbon ledger module is used to establish an individual carbon ledger for each sheep based on the individual's identity information. The individual carbon ledger is indexed by sheep number and is stored in association with the corresponding sheep's life cycle stage records, stage carbon emission records, inherited carbon load records, unit output carbon intensity records, and supplementary feeding control records.

[0127] In one specific implementation, the individual carbon ledger module establishes a master record for each sheep, and sets up a stage record table, a carbon emission record table, an inherited carbon load record table, a carbon intensity record table, and a supplementary feeding execution record table under this master record. The stage record table is used to store the sheep's life cycle stage and stage switching time; the carbon emission record table is used to store the stage carbon emission amount for each life cycle stage; the inherited carbon load record table is used to store the inherited carbon load allocated from the breeding ewe to the lamb; the carbon intensity record table is used to store the unit output carbon intensity and the carbon intensity baseline value; and the supplementary feeding execution record table is used to store supplementary feeding control instructions, feeding level, actual supplementary feeding amount, and supplementary feeding execution time.

[0128] The stage emission metering module is used to determine the life cycle stage of the sheep based on the life cycle event information, call the stage emission factor group corresponding to the life cycle stage, calculate the stage carbon emission of the sheep based on the production performance information and feeding information, and write the stage carbon emission into the individual carbon ledger of the corresponding sheep.

[0129] In one specific implementation, the staged emission metering module includes a life cycle stage identification unit, an emission factor retrieval unit, and a staged emission calculation unit. The life cycle stage identification unit determines the current life cycle stage of the sheep based on at least one event among mating, pregnancy, lambing, lactation, weaning, fattening, shearing, slaughter, and culling. The emission factor retrieval unit retrieves the corresponding gut fermentation emission factor, manure management emission factor, and feed indirect emission factor based on the current life cycle stage. The staged emission calculation unit calculates the staged carbon emissions based on feed intake parameters, manure generation parameters, feed parameters, and the corresponding emission factors.

[0130] The ewe carbon load allocation module is used to allocate the stage carbon emissions of the breeding ewe to the individual carbon ledger of the corresponding lamb based on the ewe-lamb association information, as the inherited carbon load of the lamb.

[0131] In one specific implementation, the ewe carbon load allocation module includes a ewe-lamb association determination unit, a carbon emission extraction unit to be allocated unit, an amortization weight calculation unit, and an inherited carbon load writing unit. The ewe-lamb association determination unit identifies lambs within the same breeding cycle based on the breeding ewe number, breeding cycle number, lamb number, and lambing date. The carbon emission extraction unit extracts the stage carbon emissions generated by the breeding ewe within the same breeding cycle from the individual carbon ledger of the breeding ewe. The amortization weight calculation unit determines the amortization weight for each lamb based on at least one of the lamb's survival status, weaning weight, lactation days, and slaughter weight. The inherited carbon load writing unit determines the inherited carbon load for each lamb based on the carbon emission to be allocated and the amortization weight, and writes the inherited carbon load into the individual carbon ledger of the corresponding lamb.

[0132] The carbon intensity determination module is used to calculate the unit output carbon intensity of sheep at the current life cycle stage based on the individual carbon ledger, production performance information and feeding information of sheep, and to determine the sheep to be regulated based on the unit output carbon intensity.

[0133] In one specific implementation, the carbon intensity determination module reads the cumulative carbon emissions corresponding to the current life cycle stage from the individual carbon ledger module, and reads the stage output from the production performance information from the information acquisition module. It then calculates the unit output carbon intensity based on the cumulative carbon emissions and stage output. The carbon intensity determination module also reads the carbon intensity benchmark value corresponding to the same life cycle stage and compares the unit output carbon intensity with the benchmark value. When the unit output carbon intensity of a sheep is higher than the corresponding carbon intensity benchmark value, the carbon intensity determination module marks the sheep as a sheep to be regulated and writes the regulation mark into the individual carbon ledger module.

[0134] The supplementary feeding instruction generation module is used to generate supplementary feeding control instructions based on the unit output carbon intensity of the sheep to be controlled. The supplementary feeding control instructions are used to determine the parameters for the delivery of emission reduction supplementary feeding materials.

[0135] In one specific implementation, the supplementary feeding instruction generation module determines the carbon intensity deviation based on the difference between the unit output carbon intensity of the sheep to be regulated and the corresponding carbon intensity benchmark value, and determines the level of emission reduction supplementary feed material delivery based on the carbon intensity deviation. The supplementary feeding instruction generation module determines at least one of the following based on the delivery level: the delivery ratio, single delivery amount, and delivery frequency of the emission reduction supplementary feed material, and generates a corresponding supplementary feeding control instruction. The supplementary feeding control instruction includes at least one of the following: sheep individual identification information, life cycle stage, delivery level, basic feed delivery amount, emission reduction supplementary feed delivery amount, delivery frequency, execution time, and safe delivery limit.

[0136] The supplemental feeding execution module includes a radio frequency identification (RFID) supplemental feeding station. The RFID supplemental feeding station includes an RFID unit, a control unit, and a feeding mechanism. Further, the RFID supplemental feeding station may also include a basic feed silo and an emission-reducing supplemental feed material silo. The basic feed silo is used to store basic feed, and the emission-reducing supplemental feed material silo is used to store low-methane supplements or emission-reducing additives.

[0137] The radio frequency identification (RFID) unit is used to identify the individual identity information of sheep entering the RFID-based supplementary feeding station. The control unit is used to query whether the sheep is a sheep to be regulated based on the identified individual identity information, and if the sheep is a sheep to be regulated, to invoke the corresponding supplementary feeding regulation command. The feeding mechanism is used to adjust the feeding amount of basic feed and emission reduction supplementary feed under the control of the control unit, so that the sheep to be regulated can obtain an individualized supplementary feeding ratio corresponding to its supplementary feeding regulation command.

[0138] In one specific implementation, the feeding mechanism can be a screw feeder, a rotary feeder, a weighing feeder, or a gate feeder. The control unit controls the feeding amount of the basic feed bin and the emission reduction supplementary feed bin according to the supplementary feeding control command. When the feeding level of the sheep to be controlled is high, the control unit increases the feeding amount of the emission reduction supplementary feed bin without exceeding the safe feeding limit; when the cumulative amount of emission reduction supplementary feed given to the sheep to be controlled on that day has reached the safe feeding limit, the control unit stops the feeding of emission reduction supplementary feed.

[0139] The feedback update module is used to update the individual carbon ledger of the corresponding sheep based on the production performance information and feeding information after supplemental feeding.

[0140] In one specific implementation, the feedback update module obtains the actual supplementary feeding amount, supplementary feeding time, basic feed amount, emission-reducing supplementary feed amount, and feeding completion status of the sheep to be regulated from the supplementary feeding execution module, and writes the above data as new feeding information into the individual carbon ledger module. Within a preset period after supplementary feeding, the feedback update module obtains the updated production performance information and feeding information of the sheep to be regulated from the information acquisition module, and calls the stage emission metering module to recalculate the stage carbon emissions of the sheep, while simultaneously calling the carbon intensity determination module to recalculate the unit output carbon intensity of the sheep.

[0141] When the recalculated carbon intensity per unit output is still higher than the carbon intensity benchmark for the corresponding life cycle stage, the feedback update module sends adjustment information to the supplementary feeding instruction generation module, causing the supplementary feeding instruction generation module to adjust the supplementary feeding control instruction for the next cycle. When the recalculated carbon intensity per unit output is not higher than the carbon intensity benchmark for the corresponding life cycle stage, the feedback update module sends control maintenance information, control reduction information, or control suspension information to the supplementary feeding instruction generation module, causing the supplementary feeding instruction generation module to maintain, reduce, or suspend the emission reduction supplementary feeding material delivery for the next cycle.

[0142] In one specific application, the information acquisition module first sends sheep ID, life cycle event information, production performance information, and feeding information to the individual carbon ledger module and the stage emission measurement module. The stage emission measurement module calculates the stage carbon emissions based on the life cycle stage and stage emission factor group, and writes the stage carbon emissions into the individual carbon ledger module. The ewe carbon load allocation module reads the stage carbon emissions of breeding ewes from the individual carbon ledger module and generates the lamb inherited carbon load based on the ewe-lamb association information. The carbon intensity determination module reads the cumulative carbon emissions from the individual carbon ledger module and calculates the unit output carbon intensity based on the production performance information. The supplementary feeding instruction generation module generates a supplementary feeding control instruction based on the unit output carbon intensity. The supplementary feeding execution module executes individualized supplementary feeding based on the supplementary feeding control instruction. The feedback update module writes back the production performance information and feeding information after supplementary feeding to the individual carbon ledger module and triggers the measurement and control for the next cycle.

[0143] In this embodiment, each module can be deployed on the same server, edge computing terminal, or local controller in the farm, or it can be deployed collaboratively using a cloud server and a local supplementary feeding control terminal. The information acquisition module, individual carbon ledger module, stage emission metering module, ewe carbon load allocation module, carbon intensity determination module, supplementary feeding instruction generation module, and feedback update module can be implemented by the processor executing programs stored in memory; the RFID-based supplementary feeding station in the supplementary feeding execution module serves as the physical execution end and is communicatively connected to the processor or local controller.

[0144] During system operation, the individual carbon ledger module, acting as the data center, continuously receives data written by the emission metering module, ewe carbon load allocation module, carbon intensity determination module, and feedback update module. The RFID-based supplementary feeding station, acting as the execution end, completes individualized supplementary feeding according to supplementary feeding control instructions. The feedback update module triggers updates to the individual carbon ledger based on actual production performance and feeding data after supplementary feeding, enabling the system to continuously measure and control carbon emissions according to the sheep's life cycle.

[0145] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for measuring and controlling carbon emissions from livestock farming based on the life cycle of sheep flocks, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Obtain the individual identity information, ewe-lamb association information, life cycle event information, production performance information and feeding information of sheep, and establish an individual carbon ledger for the corresponding sheep based on the individual identity information; S2. Determine the life cycle stage of the sheep based on the life cycle event information, call the stage emission factor group corresponding to the life cycle stage, calculate the stage carbon emission of the sheep based on the production performance information and feeding information, and write the stage carbon emission into the individual carbon ledger of the corresponding sheep. S3. Based on the maternal-lamb association information, the stage carbon emissions of the breeding ewe are allocated to the individual carbon ledger of the corresponding lamb as the inherited carbon load of the lamb. S4. Based on the individual carbon ledger, production performance information and feeding information of the sheep, calculate the unit output carbon intensity of the sheep at the current life cycle stage, and determine the sheep to be regulated based on the unit output carbon intensity. S5. Generate a supplementary feeding control instruction based on the unit output carbon intensity of the sheep to be regulated. The supplementary feeding control instruction is used to determine the parameters for the delivery of emission reduction supplementary feeding materials. S6. When the sheep to be regulated enter the radio frequency identification supplementary feeding station, the feeding mechanism of the radio frequency identification supplementary feeding station is controlled according to the supplementary feeding control command to provide individualized supplementary feeding for the sheep to be regulated, and the individual carbon ledger of the corresponding sheep is updated according to the production performance information and feeding information after supplementary feeding.

2. The method for measuring and reducing carbon emissions from livestock farming based on the sheep flock life cycle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the individual identity information, ewe-lamb association information, and life cycle event information are obtained by the sheep flock breeding management system, and the production performance information and feeding information are obtained by at least one of the weighing equipment, feeding record equipment, and supplementary feeding record equipment. The individual carbon ledger includes sheep identity records, life cycle stage records, stage carbon emission records, inherited carbon load records, unit output carbon intensity records, and supplementary feeding control records.

3. The method for measuring and reducing carbon emissions from livestock farming based on the sheep flock life cycle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the life cycle stage includes at least one of the following: non-pregnant period, mating and gestation period, lactation period, weaning and fattening period, shearing period, pre-market stage, and culling period. The set of emission factors for each stage corresponds to a stage in the life cycle and includes at least one of intestinal fermentation emission factors, manure management emission factors, and feed indirect emission factors.

4. The method for measuring and reducing carbon emissions from livestock farming based on the sheep flock life cycle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, based on the ewe-lamb association information, the stage carbon emissions of the breeding ewe are allocated to the individual carbon ledger of the corresponding lamb, including: Based on the ewe-lamb association information, the lambs corresponding to the breeding ewes in the same breeding cycle are determined, and the stage carbon emissions generated by the breeding ewes in the breeding cycle are extracted from the individual carbon ledger of the breeding ewes as the carbon emissions to be allocated.

5. The method for measuring and reducing carbon emissions from livestock farming based on the sheep flock life cycle as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Allocating the carbon emissions to be allocated to the individual carbon ledgers of the corresponding lambs includes: The survival status of the lambs is obtained, and at least one of the weaning weight, lactation days and slaughter weight of the lambs is obtained as an effective output parameter. The amortization weight corresponding to each lamb is determined according to the survival status and the effective output parameter. The carbon emissions to be allocated are written into the individual carbon ledger of each lamb according to the amortization weight, as the inherited carbon load of the corresponding lamb.

6. The method for measuring and reducing carbon emissions from livestock farming based on the sheep flock life cycle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, calculating the unit carbon intensity of sheep at the current life stage includes: The cumulative carbon emissions of a sheep at its current life cycle stage are determined based on its individual carbon ledger, and the corresponding stage output is determined based on the production performance information. The carbon intensity per unit output is determined based on the cumulative carbon emissions and the stage output. The carbon intensity per unit output is compared with the carbon intensity benchmark value corresponding to the same life cycle stage, and sheep that exceed the carbon intensity benchmark value are identified as sheep to be regulated.

7. The method for measuring and reducing carbon emissions from livestock farming based on the sheep flock life cycle as described in claim 6, characterized in that, In step S5, a supplementary feeding control instruction is generated, including: The carbon intensity deviation is determined based on the difference between the unit output carbon intensity of the sheep to be regulated and the carbon intensity benchmark value. The level of emission reduction supplementary feed is determined based on the carbon intensity deviation. At least one of the following is determined based on the level of the supplementary feed: the proportion of emission reduction supplementary feed, the amount of feed given at one time, and the frequency of feed given. The supplementary feed regulation instruction is then generated.

8. The method for measuring and reducing carbon emissions from livestock farming based on the sheep flock life cycle as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The radio frequency identification (RFID) supplementary feeding station includes an RFID unit, a control unit, a basic feed bin, an emission reduction supplementary feed bin, and a feeding mechanism; In step S6, when the sheep to be regulated enters the radio frequency identification supplementary feeding station, the radio frequency identification unit reads the individual identity information of the sheep to be regulated. The control unit calls the corresponding supplementary feeding regulation command according to the individual identity information and controls the feeding mechanism to adjust the feeding amount of basic feed and emission reduction supplementary feed materials respectively, so as to form an individualized supplementary feeding ratio corresponding to the sheep to be regulated.

9. The method for measuring and reducing carbon emissions from livestock farming based on the sheep flock life cycle as described in claim 8, characterized in that, In step S6, updating the individual carbon ledger of the corresponding sheep based on the production performance information and feeding information after supplemental feeding includes: Record the actual amount of supplemental feeding for the sheep to be regulated, and obtain updated production performance information and feeding information for the sheep to be regulated within a preset period after supplemental feeding; Based on the updated production performance information and feeding information, the stage carbon emissions and carbon intensity per unit output of the sheep to be regulated are recalculated, and the recalculated stage carbon emissions and carbon intensity per unit output are written into the individual carbon ledger of the corresponding sheep. If the recalculated unit output carbon intensity is still higher than the carbon intensity benchmark value, adjust the supplementary feeding control command for the next cycle.

10. A livestock farming carbon emission measurement and reduction control system based on the sheep flock life cycle, characterized in that, include: The information acquisition module is used to acquire individual identification information, ewe-lamb association information, life cycle event information, production performance information, and feeding information of sheep; The individual carbon ledger module is used to establish an individual carbon ledger for the corresponding sheep based on the individual identity information. The stage emission metering module is used to determine the life cycle stage of the sheep based on the life cycle event information, call the stage emission factor group corresponding to the life cycle stage, calculate the stage carbon emission of the sheep based on the production performance information and feeding information, and write the stage carbon emission into the individual carbon ledger of the corresponding sheep. The ewe carbon load allocation module is used to allocate the stage carbon emissions of the breeding ewe to the individual carbon ledger of the corresponding lamb based on the ewe-lamb association information, as the inherited carbon load of the lamb. The carbon intensity determination module is used to calculate the unit output carbon intensity of sheep at the current life stage based on the individual carbon ledger, production performance information and feeding information of sheep, and to determine the sheep to be regulated based on the unit output carbon intensity. The supplementary feeding instruction generation module is used to generate supplementary feeding control instructions based on the unit output carbon intensity of the sheep to be controlled. The supplementary feeding control instructions are used to determine the parameters for the delivery of emission reduction supplementary feeding materials. The supplementary feeding execution module includes a radio frequency identification (RFID) supplementary feeding station. The RFID supplementary feeding station includes an RFID unit, a control unit, and a feeding mechanism. The RFID unit is used to identify sheep to be regulated entering the RFID supplementary feeding station. The control unit is used to control the feeding mechanism to provide individualized supplementary feeding to the sheep to be regulated according to the supplementary feeding control command. The feedback update module is used to update the individual carbon ledger of the corresponding sheep based on the production performance information and feeding information after supplemental feeding.

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