Multi-angle interference pyrolysis treatment device for decommissioned lithium battery

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-angle interference pyrolysis treatment reaction device for retired lithium batteries, which comprises a reaction furnace body, a feeding mechanism, a discharging mechanism, an exhaust mechanism, a rotating cooling shaft mechanism, a driving mechanism and an in-furnace interference mechanism; the reaction furnace body is provided with a horizontal closed reaction cavity for containing crushed materials of the retired lithium batteries; the feeding mechanism is communicated with a feeding side of the reaction cavity; the discharging mechanism is communicated with a discharging side of the reaction cavity; and the exhaust mechanism is communicated with an upper portion of the reaction cavity; and the rotating cooling shaft mechanism comprises a cooling shaft which extends along the reaction cavity in an axial direction and is rotatably arranged. The main shaft is driven to stably rotate through a belt transmission structure, and a turnover and support structure which is arranged in a staggered mode on the shaft body forms a triple multi-angle interference synergistic effect of axial pushing, radial wall scraping and crushing and local throwing and stirring, so that the continuous axial conveying of the materials can be realized, the stable and continuous discharging of the equipment is guaranteed, and the production demand of large scale is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of battery processing technology, specifically, it relates to a multi-angle interference pyrolysis reaction device for treating retired lithium batteries. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles, energy storage systems, and consumer electronics industries, the number of retired lithium batteries continues to increase. Retired lithium batteries contain valuable components such as nickel, cobalt, manganese, lithium, copper, and aluminum, as well as separators, binders, electrolyte residues, and other organic components. To achieve the harmless and resource-based treatment of retired lithium batteries, pyrolysis pretreatment is usually required on the battery fragments after dismantling, crushing, and screening to remove or decompose organic substances such as polypropylene / polyethylene separators, PVDF binders, and electrolyte residues.

[0003] Existing pyrolysis equipment for retired lithium batteries mostly employs structures such as rotary kilns, fixed beds, horizontal furnaces, or screw conveyor furnaces. While these devices can perform basic pyrolysis operations in laboratory settings or under low-load conditions, in actual continuous processing, the crushed material from retired lithium batteries exhibits complex particle composition, flexible metal foils, softening of the separator and binder upon heating, and a tendency for the material to agglomerate and stick together after heating. This makes it highly susceptible to forming deposits on the furnace walls, stirring shaft, or discharge area. As the deposit layer thickens, it reduces the furnace's heat exchange efficiency, causing uneven heat transfer, overheating of the material, or incomplete pyrolysis, further leading to discharge blockages and shutdowns for cleaning.

[0004] Meanwhile, traditional pyrolysis furnaces often rely on a single spiral propulsion, unidirectional stirring, or simple material turning structure, resulting in a relatively simple material movement path. For mixed crushed materials containing metal flakes, black powder, diaphragm fragments, and binders, unidirectional conveying alone cannot simultaneously achieve continuous axial conveying, cleaning of furnace wall deposits, crushing of adhering clumps, and localized throwing and mixing, leading to stagnation, agglomeration, and localized caking of materials within the furnace.

[0005] Furthermore, the pyrolysis reaction of retired lithium batteries typically requires a relatively closed or oxygen-free environment. The feeding mechanism must ensure continuous and quantitative feeding while minimizing the entry of outside air into the reaction chamber. Existing metering rollers, star valves, or screw feeding mechanisms often result in residual material adhering to the metering trough, discharge port, or sealed cavity when processing battery fragments containing sticky organic components. After prolonged operation, this can cause material jamming, metering deviation, and decreased sealing performance, requiring frequent manual disassembly and cleaning, thus affecting production continuity.

[0006] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the basic concept of the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: To address the problems of easy agglomeration, furnace wall caking, decreased heat transfer efficiency, discontinuous discharge, and material accumulation and jamming in existing pyrolysis technologies for retired lithium battery materials, this invention provides a multi-angle interference pyrolysis reactor for treating retired lithium batteries. This reactor utilizes a horizontal, sealed pyrolysis furnace, a rotating cooling shaft, staggered interference units, a quantitative feeding assembly, and a self-blowing cleaning assembly to ensure that the crushed retired lithium battery material is continuously subjected to combined mechanical interference in the axial, radial, and localized throwing directions during pyrolysis.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A multi-angle interference pyrolysis reactor for treating retired lithium batteries includes a reactor body, a feeding mechanism, a discharging mechanism, an venting mechanism, a rotary cooling shaft mechanism, a drive mechanism, and an in-furnace interference mechanism. The reactor body has a horizontal, sealed reaction chamber for accommodating shredded retired lithium battery material. The feeding mechanism is connected to the feeding side of the reaction chamber, the discharging mechanism is connected to the discharging side of the reaction chamber, and the venting mechanism is connected to the upper part of the reaction chamber. The rotary cooling shaft mechanism includes a cooling shaft extending axially along the reaction chamber and rotatably mounted. The drive mechanism is drively connected to the cooling shaft. The in-furnace interference mechanism includes multiple interference units mounted on the cooling shaft. The interference units are spaced apart axially along the cooling shaft and staggered circumferentially around the cooling shaft.

[0009] Preferably, the reactor body includes a horizontal cylindrical sealed oxygen-free pyrolysis furnace, a sealed end cap disposed at the end of the furnace body, and a support base for supporting the furnace body. The support base includes a base, a base plate, and reinforcing ribs, the reinforcing ribs being used to improve the support stability of the horizontal furnace body during pyrolysis operation.

[0010] Preferably, the cooling shaft is a hollow water-cooled shaft, with an interface at its end for connecting to a circulating coolant pipeline. A heat-insulating protective layer and a heat-resistant metal protective layer can be installed on the outside of the hollow water-cooled shaft to prevent high-temperature materials inside the furnace from directly contacting the low-temperature shaft and causing premature solidification and agglomeration, while ensuring that the cooling shaft remains within its acceptable operating temperature range for an extended period.

[0011] Preferably, the drive mechanism includes a drive motor, a small pulley, a belt, and a large pulley. The drive motor drives the small pulley to rotate, which in turn drives the large pulley to rotate via the belt. The large pulley is fixedly connected to the hollow cooling water shaft, thereby ensuring the stable rotation of the hollow cooling water shaft. A protective cover can be installed on the outside of the drive mechanism to isolate it from high temperatures, dust, and external impacts.

[0012] Preferably, the in-furnace interference mechanism includes a fixed sleeve, a support arm, and a tilting plate. The fixed sleeve is mounted on the cold water hollow shaft, and the support arm and the tilting plate are mounted on either the fixed sleeve or the cold water hollow shaft. The support arm and the tilting plate are arranged alternately along the length of the cold water hollow shaft, so that the material is no longer conveyed in only one direction in the furnace, but is simultaneously subjected to pushing, shearing, tumbling, and wall scraping disturbances.

[0013] Preferably, the feeding mechanism includes a feeding pipe and a quantitative feeding assembly. The quantitative feeding assembly includes a quantitative roller, a quantitative trough, a stepper motor, and a drive shaft. The quantitative trough is disposed on the quantitative roller, and the stepper motor drives the quantitative roller to rotate through the drive shaft, so that the quantitative trough switches between the storage station and the unloading station.

[0014] Preferably, the quantitative feeding assembly is further equipped with a self-purifying cleaning assembly. The self-purifying cleaning assembly includes a through-hole, a sealing tube, a sealing plate, an air outlet, a connecting pipe, a accumulator, a piston, a synchronizing frame, a push rod, a return spring, ball bearings, a guide plate, and a ramp. When the quantitative roller rotates, the push rod cooperates with the guide plate and the ramp to compress gas within the accumulator; when the air outlet of the sealing tube is no longer blocked by the through-hole, the accumulated gas is released to form a purging airflow, cleaning residual material in the quantitative trough and the feeding path.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: This invention utilizes a belt drive structure to smoothly operate the main shaft. A staggered arrangement of the shaft's tilting and support structures creates a synergistic effect of axial pushing, radial wall scraping and crushing, and localized scattering and mixing, enabling continuous axial material transport and ensuring stable, continuous discharge, thus meeting the demands of large-scale production. Simultaneously, it can clean the deposited layer on the furnace inner wall in real time, breaking up adhering material clumps and maintaining a dynamic, agitated state. This effectively improves the problems of organic matter layering, material agglomeration, and furnace wall caking, stabilizing furnace heat exchange efficiency and alleviating issues such as poor heat transfer, material adhesion and blockage, and production interruptions associated with traditional equipment. This significantly improves pyrolysis efficiency and production continuity. Furthermore, the equipment's feeding structure integrates a self-blowing cleaning function, automatically generating airflow to thoroughly clean the quantitative feeding structure after each feeding operation. This removes residual adhering materials, improving feeding jams, material accumulation, and quantitative deviations, maintaining the stability and accuracy of long-term continuous feeding, reducing the frequency of manual cleaning, and lowering equipment maintenance costs.

[0016] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0017] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of a multi-angle interference pyrolysis reactor for treating retired lithium batteries; Figure 2 A side view of a multi-angle interference pyrolysis reaction device for treating retired lithium batteries; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the protective cover of a multi-angle interference pyrolysis treatment device for retired lithium batteries after disassembly. Figure 4Internal view of a horizontal cylindrical sealed oxygen-free pyrolysis furnace for a multi-angle interference pyrolysis treatment device for retired lithium batteries. Figure 5 A cross-section of the feeding pipe of a multi-angle interference pyrolysis treatment device for retired lithium batteries. Figure 1 ; Figure 6 A cross-section of the feeding pipe of a multi-angle interference pyrolysis treatment device for retired lithium batteries. Figure 2 ; Figure 7 This is a side view of the feeding pipe of a multi-angle interference pyrolysis reaction device for treating retired lithium batteries; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the metering roller in a multi-angle interference pyrolysis treatment device for retired lithium batteries. Figure 9 A multi-angle interference pyrolysis reaction device for treating retired lithium batteries Figure 8 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 10 This is a partial structural diagram of a multi-angle interference pyrolysis reaction device for treating retired lithium batteries.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Horizontal cylindrical sealed oxygen-free pyrolysis furnace; 2. Base; 3. Reinforcing rib; 4. Base plate; 5. Sealed end cap; 6. Cold water hollow shaft; 7. Interface; 8. Feeding pipe; 9. Gas outlet pipe; 10. Discharging pipe; 11. Protective cover; 12. Drive motor; 13. Small pulley; 14. Belt; 15. Large pulley; 16. Fixing sleeve; 17. Support arm; 18. Tilting plate; 19. Metering roller; 20. Metering groove; 21. Through hole; 22. Sealing pipe; 23. Sealing plate; 24. Gas outlet; 25. Connecting pipe; 26. Energy storage cover; 27. Piston; 28. Synchronizing frame; 29. ​​Push rod; 30. Return spring; 31. Ball bearing; 32. Guide plate; 33. Inclined ramp; 34. Stepper motor; 35. Drive shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention.

[0020] Example 1: Integrated Reaction Device like Figures 1 to 4As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-angle interference pyrolysis treatment device for retired lithium batteries, including a horizontal cylindrical sealed oxygen-free pyrolysis furnace 1, a base 2, reinforcing ribs 3, a base plate 4, a sealed end cap 5, a hollow cooling water shaft 6, an interface 7, a feeding pipe 8, an exhaust pipe 9, a discharging pipe 10, a protective cover 11, a drive motor 12, a small pulley 13, a belt 14, and a large pulley 15. The horizontal cylindrical sealed oxygen-free pyrolysis furnace 1 is mounted on the base 2 and the base plate 4. The reinforcing ribs 3 are disposed between the base 2 and the furnace body to improve the supporting strength of the furnace body.

[0021] A horizontal cylindrical sealed anaerobic pyrolysis furnace 1 forms a reaction chamber for the anaerobic pyrolysis of decommissioned lithium battery scrap. A feeding pipe 8 is located on the upper part of the furnace body's feed side, a discharging pipe 10 is located at the rear end or bottom discharge area of ​​the furnace body, and a vent pipe 9 is located on the upper part of the furnace body to collect the oil and gas generated during pyrolysis. A sealing end cap 5 is located at the end of the furnace body to maintain the airtightness of the reaction chamber.

[0022] A hollow cooling water shaft 6 is axially inserted into the reaction chamber of the horizontal cylindrical sealed oxygen-free pyrolysis furnace 1. One end of the hollow cooling water shaft 6 is equipped with an interface 7, which is used to connect to the circulating coolant inlet or outlet pipeline. During equipment operation, cooling water continuously enters the hollow cooling water shaft 6, maintaining the shaft temperature within a reasonable range and preventing strength degradation or seal failure of the shaft under high-temperature pyrolysis conditions.

[0023] The drive motor 12 is mounted on the end of the furnace body or on the base plate 4. The output end of the drive motor 12 is connected to the small pulley 13. The small pulley 13 drives the large pulley 15 to rotate through the belt 14. The large pulley 15 is fixedly connected to the hollow cooling water shaft 6. The protective cover 11 is installed on the outside of the small pulley 13, the belt 14 and the large pulley 15 to improve the operational safety of the transmission structure.

[0024] Example 2: Multi-angle interference structure inside the furnace like Figure 4 As shown, multiple fixed sleeves 16 are arranged axially on the hollow cooling water shaft 6, and support arms 17 and tilting plates 18 are connected to the fixed sleeves 16. The support arms 17 and tilting plates 18 can be distributed alternately or staggeredly, so that material interference areas in different directions are formed at the same axial position and adjacent axial positions.

[0025] As the hollow cooling shaft 6 rotates, the tipping plate 18 rotates with the shaft. When the tipping plate 18 rotates to the lower part of the furnace body, its welcoming surface can push the crushed battery material located at the bottom of the furnace body to move axially towards the downward feed pipe 10, and can scrape the deposited layer close to the inner wall of the furnace body. When the tipping plate 18 rotates to the upper part of the furnace body, the material it carries is scattered and falls under the action of gravity, causing the material from different layers to be remixed.

[0026] During rotation, the support arm 17 shears and breaks up the adhered material clumps, making it particularly suitable for mixed battery crushed materials containing softening diaphragms, binders, and metal foil. Through the combined action of the support arm 17 and the tipping plate 18, the material inside the furnace is subjected to mechanical interference in three directions: axial pushing, radial wall scraping and crushing, and localized scattering and stirring. This reduces the likelihood of the material forming a stable adhered layer near the furnace wall or shaft.

[0027] In some embodiments, the tipping plate 18 can be a right-angled plate, an arc-shaped plate, a bent plate, or a plate-like structure with wear-resistant cutting edges; the support arm 17 can be a rod-like, plate-like, or a reinforced structure with a material-facing surface. As long as it can rotate with the hollow cooling water shaft 6 and exert a pushing, crushing, scraping, or scattering effect on the material, it is an equivalent structure within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0028] Example 3: Quantitative feeding and self-blowing cleaning structure like Figures 5 to 10 As shown, a quantitative feeding assembly is provided below the feeding pipe 8. The quantitative feeding assembly includes a quantitative roller 19, a quantitative groove 20, a stepper motor 34, and a drive shaft 35. The quantitative roller 19 is located in the lower outlet area of ​​the feeding pipe 8, the quantitative groove 20 is formed on the quantitative roller 19, and the stepper motor 34 drives the quantitative roller 19 to rotate at a preset angle through the drive shaft 35.

[0029] When the opening of the metering tank 20 faces the feeding pipe 8, the crushed material from retired lithium batteries falls into the metering tank 20. The volume of the metering tank 20 limits the amount of material that can enter the pyrolysis furnace at one time. When the stepper motor 34 drives the metering roller 19 to rotate to the unloading position, the opening of the metering tank 20 faces the horizontal cylindrical sealed oxygen-free pyrolysis furnace 1, and the material in the tank falls into the reaction chamber under the action of gravity.

[0030] To prevent broken material containing adhesive, diaphragm fragments, or electrolyte residue from adhering to the metering tank 20, this embodiment includes a self-purifying cleaning assembly. The self-purifying cleaning assembly includes a through hole 21, a sealing tube 22, a sealing plate 23, an air outlet 24, a connecting tube 25, a accumulator 26, a piston 27, a synchronizing frame 28, a push rod 29, a return spring 30, a ball bearing 31, a guide plate 32, and a ramp 33.

[0031] During the rotation of the metering roller 19, the ball bearing 31 at the end of the push rod 29 rolls in contact with the guide plate 32 and the ramp 33. When the metering trough 20 is in the storage position, the return spring 30 is compressed or in a stored state. As the metering roller 19 rotates to the unloading position, the push rod 29 is displaced under the action of the ramp 33 and the return spring 30, which drives the piston 27 to slide within the storage hood 26 and compress the gas.

[0032] Synchronization frame 28 is linked with sealing tube 22. When sealing tube 22 moves to the position where air outlet 24 is no longer blocked by through hole 21, the high-pressure gas accumulated in accumulator 26, connecting pipe 25 and sealing tube 22 is rapidly released through air outlet 24. The released airflow enters the bottom and side wall areas of metering tank 20, purging the material remaining in metering tank 20 and feeding channel, causing the adhering material to detach and enter the reaction chamber.

[0033] Through the above structure, the quantitative feeding component can not only control the amount of material fed at one time, but also simultaneously achieve self-cleaning during each feeding action, reducing the frequency of manual cleaning and ensuring the stability of long-term continuous feeding. The implementation principle of the multi-angle interference pyrolysis treatment device for retired lithium batteries according to the present invention is as follows: This invention uses a horizontal cylindrical closed oxygen-free pyrolysis furnace 1 as the main reaction body. During operation, the furnace temperature is stably controlled at 450-550℃. Through oxygen-free high-temperature pyrolysis, organic substances such as PP / PE separator, PVDF binder, and electrolyte in the scrap material of retired lithium batteries are decomposed, achieving effective separation of valuable metal components from organic matter and completing the purification and pretreatment of valuable components of retired lithium batteries.

[0034] When the equipment is in operation, the operator first starts the horizontal cylindrical closed oxygen-free pyrolysis furnace 1, then puts the crushed raw material of retired lithium battery into the feeding pipe 8, and then starts the fixed content feeding component matched with the feeding pipe 8. Through this component, the raw material is uniformly and stably transported into the interior of the horizontal cylindrical closed oxygen-free pyrolysis furnace 1 to ensure the uniformity of the feeding of the pyrolysis reaction in the furnace.

[0035] During equipment operation, the interface 7 at the end of the hollow cooling shaft 6 is connected to an external liquid delivery pipe, which continuously supplies circulating cold water into the hollow cooling shaft 6, effectively suppressing the temperature rise of the shaft and ensuring the structural strength and operational stability of the hollow cooling shaft 6 in the high-temperature environment inside the furnace. At the same time, the outer layer of the hollow cooling shaft 6 is wrapped with a high-efficiency heat insulation layer and an additional heat-resistant metal shell, which can effectively isolate the low-temperature area of ​​the shaft from the high-temperature area inside the furnace, preventing the high-temperature molten battery fragments from contacting the low-temperature shaft and solidifying and agglomerating prematurely, thus avoiding the problem of material adhesion and accumulation from the source.

[0036] After the material is in place, the operator starts the drive motor 12. The output of the drive motor 12 drives the small pulley 13 to rotate synchronously. The small pulley 13 drives the large pulley 15 to rotate through the belt drive. Since the large pulley 15 is fixedly installed on the hollow cooling water shaft 6, it can drive the hollow cooling water shaft 6 to rotate at a uniform speed, providing power for the turning and conveying of materials in the furnace.

[0037] Multiple sets of support arms 17 and right-angle tipping plates 18 are staggered along the length of the hollow cooling water shaft 6. These two types of structures revolve synchronously with the hollow cooling water shaft 6, creating a multi-layered mechanical interference effect. On one hand, the continuous rotation of the right-angle tipping plates 18 generates an axial forward pushing force, which smoothly conveys the battery fragments fed into the feed pipe 8 to the rear end of the furnace body, and finally discharges them through the discharge pipe 10, achieving continuous production operation. On the other hand, when the right-angle tipping plates 18 rotate to the lower part of the furnace body, they can rely on their own gravity to adhere to the inner wall of the furnace body, gently scraping and cleaning the molten deposit layer attached to the cylinder wall. The support arms 17, with right-angle facing surfaces, shear and crush the mutually adhering material clumps. When the support arms 17 and the right-angle tipping plates 18 rotate to the upper part of the furnace body, the scooped-up material is freely thrown down, creating a thorough tumbling, shearing, and disturbance effect.

[0038] The aforementioned structure, through the synergistic effect of axial pushing, radial wall scraping and crushing, and localized scattering and stirring, ensures that the material inside the furnace remains in a three-dimensional dynamic unsteady state, preventing the formation of a continuous adhesive layer and large material agglomerates from molten organic matter. Simultaneously, it dynamically cleans deposits on the furnace wall, stabilizing the furnace's heat exchange efficiency. Oil and gas generated during pyrolysis are collected and treated uniformly through the exhaust pipe 9 at the top of the furnace. Solid residues after removing organic matter are finally discharged through the rear flange-sealed discharge pipe 10. This integrated mechanical interference structure completely solves the drawbacks of traditional pyrolysis equipment, such as material adhesion, furnace wall caking, deteriorated heat transfer, and discharge blockage, meeting the operational requirements for large-scale continuous pyrolysis recycling of retired lithium batteries.

[0039] The operating principle of the aforementioned fixed-content feeding component is as follows: During the process of the raw material falling through the feeding pipe 8, it falls precisely into the quantitative groove 20 of the quantitative roller 19. The volume of the quantitative groove 20 limits the amount of material fed at one time, thus achieving quantitative storage. During operation, the stepper motor 34 drives the transmission shaft 35 to rotate, and the transmission shaft 35 drives the quantitative roller 19 to rotate 180°, so that the opening of the quantitative groove 20 carrying the raw material faces downward. Under the action of gravity, the raw material in the groove falls into the horizontal cylindrical sealed oxygen-free pyrolysis furnace 1, completing the single fixed-content feeding operation.

[0040] During the rotation of the metering roller 19, when the metering trough 20 is vertically upward in the material storage position, the ball bearing 31 at the end of the push rod 29 is in contact with the surface of the guide plate 32, and the return spring 30 is simultaneously in a compressed and stored state. As the metering roller 19 rotates to the unloading position, the push rod 29 rotates to below the guide plate 32. Relying on the inclined structure 33 of the guide plate 32 and the rebound action of the return spring 30, the push rod 29 is driven to move downward as a whole. During the downward movement of the push rod 29, the piston 27 mounted on it slides and compresses the cavity space inside the accumulator 26, causing the air pressure inside the accumulator 26, the connecting pipe 25, and the sealing pipe 22 to rise synchronously. Since the air outlet 24 on the side wall of the sealing pipe 22 is embedded inside the through hole 21, high-pressure gas can continuously accumulate inside the cavity.

[0041] As the push rod 29 moves downward, it synchronously drives the synchronous frame 28 downward. The synchronous frame 28 pulls the sealing tube 22 downward as a whole until the air outlet 24 of the sealing tube 22 is completely removed from the coverage of the through hole 21. At this time, the accumulated high-pressure gas is released rapidly. The high-pressure airflow first flows along the bottom of the metering groove 20, thoroughly pushing away the residual raw material to complete the feeding. Then, the airflow spreads rapidly along the inclined side wall of the trapezoidal metering groove 20, further assisting in the shedding of stuck and stagnant materials, completely eliminating the problems of material jamming and accumulation. As the metering roller 19 continues to rotate, the push rod 29 automatically resets based on the inclined slope 33 structure, and the reset spring 30 recharges, completing a single feeding cycle and ensuring subsequent continuous and stable metered feeding operations.

[0042] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-angle interference pyrolysis reactor for treating retired lithium batteries, characterized in that, It includes the reactor body, feeding mechanism, discharging mechanism, exhaust mechanism, rotary cooling shaft mechanism, drive mechanism, and in-furnace interference mechanism; The reactor body has a horizontal sealed reaction chamber for accommodating shredded materials from retired lithium batteries. The feeding mechanism is connected to the feeding side of the reaction chamber, the discharging mechanism is connected to the discharging side of the reaction chamber, and the exhaust mechanism is connected to the upper part of the reaction chamber. The rotary cooling shaft mechanism includes a cooling shaft that extends axially along the reaction chamber and is rotatably disposed therein, and the drive mechanism is connected to the cooling shaft in a transmission manner. The in-furnace interference mechanism includes multiple interference units disposed on the cooling shaft. The multiple interference units are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the cooling shaft, and at least some of the interference units are arranged circumferentially offset around the cooling shaft. The interference units are used to form at least two mechanical interference effects on the decommissioned lithium battery crushed material, including axial pushing, radial wall scraping and crushing, and local scattering and stirring, when the cooling shaft rotates.

2. The multi-angle interference pyrolysis treatment device for retired lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reactor body includes a horizontal cylindrical closed oxygen-free pyrolysis furnace (1), a sealed end cap (5), and a support base for supporting the horizontal cylindrical closed oxygen-free pyrolysis furnace (1). The support base includes a base (2), a base plate (4), and reinforcing ribs (3) disposed between the base (2) and the horizontal cylindrical closed oxygen-free pyrolysis furnace (1).

3. The multi-angle interference pyrolysis treatment device for retired lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling shaft is a hollow water shaft (6). The end of the hollow water shaft (6) is provided with an interface (7) for connecting to an external circulating cooling medium pipeline. The outside of the hollow water shaft (6) is provided with a heat insulation protective layer and / or a heat-resistant metal protective layer to isolate the low-temperature zone of the cooling shaft from the high-temperature material zone of the reaction chamber.

4. The multi-angle interference pyrolysis treatment device for retired lithium batteries according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes a drive motor (12), a small pulley (13), a belt (14), and a large pulley (15). The output end of the drive motor (12) is connected to the small pulley (13). The small pulley (13) is connected to the large pulley (15) via the belt (14). The large pulley (15) is fixedly installed on the hollow shaft (6) of the cold water. A protective cover (11) is provided on the outside of the drive mechanism.

5. The multi-angle interference pyrolysis treatment device for retired lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interference unit includes a fixed sleeve (16), a support arm (17) and a flipping plate (18). The fixed sleeve (16) is disposed on the cooling shaft. The support arm (17) and the flipping plate (18) are connected to the fixed sleeve (16), and the support arm (17) and the flipping plate (18) are arranged alternately along the axial or circumferential direction of the cooling shaft.

6. The multi-angle interference pyrolysis treatment device for retired lithium batteries according to claim 5, characterized in that, The tipping plate (18) is an angular tipping structure with a receiving surface and a pushing surface. When the tipping plate (18) rotates with the cooling shaft to the lower part of the reaction chamber, it is used to scrape the material attached to the furnace wall and push the material to the discharge side. When it rotates to the upper part of the reaction chamber, it is used to throw the material it carries down. The support arm (17) has a receiving end for shearing or breaking up the sticky material clumps.

7. The multi-angle interference pyrolysis treatment device for retired lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism includes a feeding pipe (8) and a quantitative feeding component. The quantitative feeding component includes a quantitative roller (19), a quantitative trough (20), a stepper motor (34), and a drive shaft (35). The quantitative roller (19) is located below the feeding pipe (8) and is connected to the stepper motor (34) via the drive shaft (35). The quantitative trough (20) is located on the quantitative roller (19) and is used to limit the amount of material falling into the reaction chamber at one time.

8. The multi-angle interference pyrolysis treatment device for retired lithium batteries according to claim 7, characterized in that, The quantitative feeding assembly also includes a self-blowing cleaning assembly, which includes a through hole (21) provided at the quantitative roller (19), a sealing tube (22) movable relative to the through hole (21), a sealing plate (23) provided on the sealing tube (22), an air outlet (24) opened on the sealing tube (22), a connecting pipe (25) communicating with the sealing tube (22), a power storage hood (26), and a piston (27) that can slide inside the power storage hood (26). The piston (27) is used to compress the gas in the power storage hood (26) when the quantitative roller (19) rotates to switch the feeding position, and release the blowing airflow into the quantitative groove (20) after the air outlet (24) is removed from the obstruction of the through hole (21).

9. The multi-angle interference pyrolysis treatment device for retired lithium batteries according to claim 8, characterized in that, The self-blowing cleaning assembly also includes a timing frame (28), a push rod (29), a return spring (30), a ball bearing (31), a guide plate (32), and a ramp (33). The push rod (29) is linked to the piston (27) and the timing frame (28). The ball bearing (31) is located at the end of the push rod (29) and rolls in cooperation with the guide plate (32) or the ramp (33). The return spring (30) is used to drive the push rod (29) to return to its original position or to store energy.

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