A power quality long-term treatment and multi-source collaborative scheduling system based on three-phase electric electromagnetic space trajectory timing characteristics

Abstract

The application discloses a power quality long-term treatment and multi-source collaborative scheduling system based on three-phase electric electromagnetic space trajectory time sequence characteristics, and belongs to the technical field of novel power source network load storage regulation and control. The system is provided with a light-weight edge synchronous operation unit, solves time sequence dimensionless distortion indexes by relying on an equilateral triangle effect learning coordinate system and a potential and product layered quantization method, and is provided with multi-stage adjustable distortion judgment threshold values to distinguish different disturbance evolution trends. A double-power-source collaborative control channel is arranged, and smooth reactive power regulation signals and double-power-source phase presynchronization instructions are synchronously output, the regulation and control logic is adapted to power grid electromechanical inertia, multi-source electric energy integrated balanced treatment is realized, the scheme has strong practicability, and can be applied to various distribution scenes provided with uninterrupted power supply or double loops.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the fields of new power system source-grid-load-storage coordinated regulation, long-term power quality management, and power edge timing measurement and control technology. It is applicable to power distribution systems of industrial buildings, medical institutions, public substations, and computing rooms equipped with dual power supply switching devices, distributed photovoltaics, energy storage, and frequency conversion loads. It falls within the scope of energy conservation and environmental protection and new energy industries in the "Strategic Emerging Industries Classification (2024)". Background Technology

[0002] 1. Common defects in existing power distribution control architecture At present, power distribution systems generally adopt a dual power switching device, reactive power compensation device, photovoltaic and energy storage controller independent control architecture. Each control unit only collects single-channel instantaneous scalar electrical parameters, there is no unified data interaction and collaborative control channel between devices, each device only performs actions based on a single voltage and current threshold, and the control logic is isolated from each other.

[0003] 2. Shortcomings in the control of existing dual-power equipment Conventional dual-power switching devices only perform power switching operations based on instantaneous fault signals and do not access long-term continuous three-phase electrical parameter timing data. They cannot complete the phase matching of the backup power supply in advance according to the imbalance development trend. When a fault occurs, problems such as excessive phase difference between the two power supplies, equipment lockout, and load power failure may occur.

[0004] 3. Limitations of traditional power quality identification algorithms The industry widely uses FFT and symmetric component analysis methods. The algorithms are based on the premise of constant power frequency. Under the random output conditions of variable frequency and new energy, spectral leakage is prone to occur, and the measurement deviation of electrical parameters is large. Traditional algorithms only decompose scalars and do not have the ability to perform three-phase vector space geometric analysis. They cannot distinguish between two types of time series changes: short-term load fluctuations and continuous unilateral distortion of equipment. They can only perform compensation after the indicators exceed the standard and do not have the ability to predict in advance.

[0005] 4. Insufficient conventional reactive power control strategies The existing reactive power equipment adopts the instantaneous full-capacity switching control method. The power grid has inherent electromechanical inertia. Short-term large power output can easily cause continuous voltage fluctuations on the bus, which will accelerate the aging of transformer and motor winding insulation in the long term and shorten the maintenance cycle of electrical equipment.

[0006] 5. Summary of the overall defects of existing technology Existing power distribution control architectures operate independently, lack timing and phase pre-synchronization functions for dual-power supply devices, and traditional identification algorithms cannot perform pre-distortion assessment. Instantaneous reactive power switching easily induces voltage fluctuations, and there is a lack of a unified spatial geometric evaluation benchmark, making global load balancing difficult. This invention addresses these technical shortcomings by establishing a dual-power supply collaborative control channel based on an effector coordinate system potential and a hierarchical quantization system, and employing gradient-smoothing control logic. Summary of the Invention

[0007] 1. The technical problem to be solved by the present invention 1.1 The existing power distribution system's dual power supply, reactive power, photovoltaic, and energy storage equipment control units are independent of each other, lacking a unified three-phase vector timing evaluation benchmark, and thus cannot achieve global load coordination and balancing; 1.2 Conventional dual-power switching devices only passively respond to instantaneous faults and lack a backup power phase pre-synchronization control function based on time-series distortion data, which can easily cause load power outages. 1.3. FFT and symmetric component identification methods rely on the assumption of constant power frequency, lack the ability of spatial geometric layer analysis, and cannot identify continuous unilateral distortion of equipment in advance; 1.4 Instantaneous large-capacity reactive power switching and electromechanical inertial coupling of the power grid generate continuous bus voltage fluctuations, accelerating the aging of high-voltage electrical equipment; 1.5 The lack of standardized three-phase vector timing analysis and multi-source collaborative control hardware architecture makes it impossible to form an integrated and long-term power governance and control system.

[0008] 2. Complete technical solution of the present invention 2.1 System Overall Hardware Architecture and Underlying Quantization Principles This solution provides a long-term power quality management and multi-source power supply collaborative scheduling system based on the temporal characteristics of three-phase electromagnetic spatial trajectories. The hardware of this system includes a dual-power switching unit, a reactive power control unit, a photovoltaic control unit, an energy storage control unit, and a lightweight edge synchronization computing unit. The lightweight edge synchronization computing unit establishes bidirectional vector data transmission links with the dual-power switching unit, reactive power control unit, photovoltaic control unit, and energy storage control unit via a standardized communication bus. Furthermore, the lightweight edge synchronization computing unit incorporates a multi-channel synchronous sampling module, a three-phase electromagnetic spatial trajectory quantization module, a temporal distortion classification and judgment module, an AI load prediction module, a multi-source collaborative decision-making module, a dual-power pre-synchronization adaptation module, a gradient reactive power execution module, a temporal archiving module, and a model iteration module.

[0009] The underlying quantization calculation reuses the effect coordinate system and potential, product degree layering rules described in Patents 1 and 2 of the same date: First, the three-phase instantaneous voltage vectors are simultaneously acquired. , , and three-phase current vector , , The original vector set Ω is obtained by integration, and then a static centroid parameter is introduced. Perform offset correction calculation:

[0010] After eliminating the zero-point deviation of the sensor, the set of correction vectors Ω′ is obtained; finally, all correction vectors are mapped to an equilateral triangle effect coordinate system with a three-axis included angle of 120° to generate a closed dynamic rheological trajectory that changes continuously with time.

[0011] All electromagnetic parameters within the coordinate system are defined in a binary hierarchical structure as two types of quantization units: potential V and product M. Potential includes difference potential, functional potential, and rate potential, used to characterize electrical static properties and the rate of dynamic change. Product M includes trajectory space product. Inscribed circle reference product The time product t represents the spatial coverage scale, standard geometric basis, and time-domain cumulative length, respectively. The system has two built-in, automatically switchable computational logics: the spatial rotational electrical differential potential method is suitable for steady-state low-computing-power monitoring, constructing composite parameters based on the difference and spatial product; the spatial rotational electrical differential potential product method is adapted to variable frequency and heavily distorted operating conditions, introducing a spatial projection function potential to restore the underlying electromagnetic coupling; the system monitors the angular frequency vector ω fluctuation amplitude in real time and automatically switches modes to achieve complete mathematical decoupling between the spatial geometric change rate dS / dθ and the frequency variable, avoiding computational distortion caused by frequency offset.

[0012] Dimensionless distortion evaluation variables are constructed using two types of product: trajectory and inscribed circle datum.

[0013] in The total area of ​​the dynamic rheological trajectory represents the spatial coverage scale actually swept by the three-phase vector under the current operating conditions. The inscribed reference area represents the "minimum effective work basis" for maintaining three-phase anti-equilibrium in the system. This ratio completely eliminates the absolute physical dimensions of voltage and current by dividing the area by the ratio, making... To become a purely spatial topological criterion: when When the system deviates from the health baseline or falls below the critical threshold (i.e., the trajectory area shrinks to within the inscribed circle, and the system loses its effective work base), the system accurately quantifies the abnormal evolution trends such as three-phase imbalance, undervoltage, phase loss, or thermal runaway. The inscribed circle is the inscribed circle of an equilateral triangle in the effects coordinate system. To adapt to different operating conditions, it can be adjusted to a larger or slightly smaller judgment circle in engineering practice.

[0014] To eliminate the ambiguity of the differential symbol being easily confused with the integral, the standard time series rate of change formula with parentheses is adopted:

[0015] The system is preset to meet < < Three-level adaptive adjustable decision boundary, based on Real-time numerical values ​​are divided into four distortion intervals and matched with corresponding control logic: For the budding distortion range, output a small amount of reactive power fine-tuning; In the initial development phase, the load of each phase is balanced in stages; For the mid-to-late stage distortion range, a dual-power phase pre-synchronization command is issued; Upon reaching the critical threshold, the native dual-power switching procedure is triggered.

[0016] Based on the rate of change Complete disturbance differentiation: Approaching 0 The minor random oscillations are identified as short-term load fluctuations. If the distortion of a single side of the device is continuously and monotonically increased, the system will initiate long-term balancing control in advance.

[0017] visible, This is the unified three-phase imbalance evaluation standard for the entire station in this patent, and it is the most important innovative indicator of this patent.

[0018] The reactive power output is set with dual adaptive constraint variables for single change amplitude and change rate, which limits instantaneous power step change and weakens the continuous bus voltage fluctuation caused by the electromechanical inertial coupling of power vector and grid. All constraint parameters can be independently adjusted according to the on-site load conditions.

[0019] Functional descriptions of each module: 1. Multi-channel synchronous sampling module: Acquires three-phase raw voltage and current vectors, corrects sensor offset based on centroid parameter, and outputs a correction vector set; 2. Three-phase electromagnetic spatial trajectory quantization module: Constructs rheological trajectory in effect coordinate system, decomposes potential and product parameters, automatically switches between spatial rotating differential potential method and spatial rotating differential potential product method dual-mode operation, and solves the time series dimensionless distortion index. 3. Timing Distortion Grading and Judgment Module: Continuous Storage for Multiple Cycles Time series data, combined with time series change rate and multi-level adaptive threshold to divide distortion intervals, predict the trend of imbalance evolution; 4. AI Load Prediction Module: Integrates historical vector data, illumination data, and seasonal multi-dimensional feature variables to predict the complete set of three-phase load vectors for different time periods; 5. Multi-source collaborative decision-making module: To establish a unified evaluation benchmark for the entire station, the loads of the two incoming lines and the reactive power adjustable capacity are considered in a coordinated manner. Gradient reactive power adjustment variables and STS phase pre-synchronization variables are output synchronously to constrain the power change amplitude and rate to adapt to the grid inertia. 6. Dual power supply pre-synchronization adaptation module: Receives phase adjustment signal and uses the energy storage converter (PCS) or dynamic reactive power generator (SVG) configured on the standby bus side to smoothly correct the amplitude and phase vector of the standby incoming line through its phase-locked loop (PLL) and power control loop. The entire set of internal switching, blocking, and overload protection logic of the existing STS is completely retained without any modification. 7. Gradient reactive power execution adaptation unit: issues smooth reactive power commands to existing SVG, capacitor, photovoltaic, and energy storage controllers, while fully retaining the original short-circuit, overvoltage, and overload protections of the equipment; 8. Cloud-based Time-Series Health Record Unit: Long-term archived vector complete set, trajectory product, Full data of timing and STS switching events are automatically calculated monthly to quantify the benefits of energy saving, penalty reduction, and maintenance savings from the upgrade. 9. Long-term model iteration unit: Based on cloud-based time-series data, it adaptively updates the three-level thresholds and reactive power constraint variables to adapt to the load characteristics of different power distribution sites.

[0020] 2.2 Cooperative Scheduling and Control Method A method for long-term power quality management and multi-source power supply collaborative scheduling based on the temporal characteristics of three-phase electromagnetic spatial trajectories is characterized by comprising nine closed-loop execution steps: S1. Simultaneously acquire three-phase raw voltage and current vectors through multiple channels, and eliminate acquisition offset through centroid correction parameters to obtain a correction vector set; S2. Map the correction vector to the equilateral triangle effect coordinate system to generate a dynamic rheological trajectory, decompose the potential and product parameters, and automatically switch between two quantization modes according to the system operating conditions to solve the time-series dimensionless distortion index. ; S3. Continuously archive multi-period distorted time series data, calculate the time series change rate, combine adaptive threshold to divide the distortion interval, and predict the development trend of three-phase imbalance. S4. Integrate multi-dimensional feature parameters to predict the time-segmented three-phase load vector variation pattern; S5. Using dimensionless distortion index as the global evaluation benchmark, it coordinates the adjustable capacity of reactive power, photovoltaic, and energy storage with the load distribution of dual power sources, and synchronously outputs gradient reactive power adjustment parameters and backup power phase adjustment parameters to constrain the power change amplitude and rate. S6. Send a smooth phase adjustment command to the dual power supply switching unit. The original switching, blocking, and overload protection logic of the dual power supply unit is not modified. When the distortion reaches the critical range, the power supply switching is completed autonomously. S7. Send the gradient reactive power control signal to the reactive power, photovoltaic, and energy storage control units, and maintain the original protection mechanism of each unit. S8: Long-term cloud archiving of all three-phase vector, distortion timing, and equipment operation data; S9. The system's overall operating revenue is statistically analyzed monthly, and multi-level thresholds and reactive power gradient control parameters are adaptively updated based on historical time-series data.

[0021] 2.3 Distinguishing Features of the Invention from Prior Art 2.3.1 Hardware architecture level: Set up an independent lightweight edge computing unit, and connect to the dual power supply, reactive power, photovoltaic and energy storage control units through a communication bus to establish a unified three-phase vector timing interaction channel and break the isolated control island of the equipment; 2.3.2, Bottom-level identification: Relying on the potential of the effect science coordinate system and the product-level hierarchical quantification system, the spatial geometry and temporal characteristics are decoupled. Two types of distortion can be distinguished by the temporal rate of change, and it has the ability to predict imbalance in advance. 2.3.3 Dual power supply control level: Add timing distortion linkage phase pre-synchronization control logic, without modifying the original protection program of the dual power supply unit, to match the backup power supply phase in advance and avoid switching lockout power failure faults; 2.3.4 Reactive power control: Gradient variable power regulation parameters are used to limit the amplitude and rate of instantaneous power change, thereby reducing bus voltage fluctuations caused by the electromechanical inertia of the power grid; 2.3.5 Parameter adaptation level: The multi-level distortion threshold and reactive power gradient parameters are all adaptive adjustable variables, which can be autonomously adjusted according to different power distribution load scenarios and adapt to multiple types of power distribution systems.

[0022] 3. Beneficial effects 3.1 Advantages of Industrialization Implementation The system hardware architecture is standardized, and the edge computing unit can be adapted to the communication interfaces of various dual power supply, reactive power, photovoltaic, and energy storage control devices, and is suitable for various power distribution scenarios such as industrial, medical, substation, and computing room. The timing analysis and collaborative control parameters are adaptively adjustable, and the control strategy can be autonomously optimized according to the load characteristics, which can reduce the loss of three-phase unbalanced power and power supply assessment expenditure in the long term.

[0023] 3.2 Technological Advantages 3.1 Based on the hierarchical quantization system of the effector coordinate system, the accuracy of distortion index measurement under system frequency fluctuation conditions is significantly better than FFT and symmetric component scalar algorithms; 3.2. The time-series change rate combined with multi-level thresholds enables early identification of nascent distortions, completes preventive load balancing management, and distinguishes the passive compensation mode after a fault. 3.3 Timing distortion linkage dual power supply pre-synchronization control eliminates the risk of phase switching lockout without modifying the original protection logic of the dual power supply; 3.4 The gradient reactive power control mechanism suppresses continuous voltage fluctuations on the busbar and extends the maintenance cycle of high-voltage electrical equipment such as transformers and motors; 3.5. Use a unified dimensionless distortion index as a benchmark for multi-source equipment coordination to achieve long-term global balance of three-phase load across the entire station. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0025] Figure 1 System overall collaborative communication architecture diagram.

[0026] Figure 2 Dimensionless index Time-series evolution hierarchical curve. Detailed Implementation

[0027] 1. Explanation of Prerequisites 1.1 Relationship and Positioning of This Patent with Previous Related Patents This application builds upon the underlying technologies of six basic patents filed on the same day to construct an upper-level collaborative scheduling scheme. The core technologies of each patent are objectively described as follows: Patent 1: A method for constructing an equilateral triangle effect coordinate system with a centroid, a 120° included angle across three axes, and a dynamic overflow mapping mechanism, providing a unified geometric mapping carrier for three-phase vectors; Patent 2: A layered quantization system for potential and product, disclosing dual-mode operation rules for the spatial rotating electrical differential potential method and the spatial rotating electrical differential potential product method, and defining a method for calculating dimensionless distortion indices; Patent 3: A low-computing-power feature extraction algorithm for composite trajectory geometric moments; Patent 4: A hardware implementation scheme for multi-channel synchronous vector sampling and sensor offset correction; Patent 5: A multi-level adaptive threshold judgment framework based on time-series indices; Patent 6: Fault classification control logic. This invention fully reuses the above technical solutions. The entire text only references standardized calculation rules in the principle explanation section, omitting details that are easily understood; however, necessary supplementary explanations are provided for the less easily understood aspects of the above underlying rules, the specific application logic of this patent, and key technical details (especially distinguishing content) to ensure the self-sufficiency of the technical solution and improve readability.

[0028] To clearly illustrate the position and synergistic relationship of this patent within the entire series of inventions, a list is provided below:

[0029] 1.2 Definitions of Basic Terminology in Effects Science Effects Science: This is a scientific philosophy theoretical system independently developed by the inventor in the early stages of the invention. The book contains approximately 350,000 words, and detailed content can be found on the official website of Effects Science. It takes the elements, processes, and results of matter and effects as its research objects, providing a set of practical underlying epistemology and methodology (quantification methods and analytical logic). In this patent, Effects Science is used to provide underlying theoretical support for the hierarchical quantification and control logic of multi-source power coordinated scheduling and long-term power quality management. It should be acknowledged that Effects Science is not yet mature, but any theory has a maturation process, and the standard for judging the value of a theory should be whether it can liberate productive forces. This invention only uses some of its necessary content and cannot provide a detailed explanation. This patent does not protect the copyright of Effects Science (which is protected by copyright in China and the United States), but only the specific technical solutions involved in this patent. At the same time, the patent applicant and the copyright holder of Effects Science are completely the same, and there are no obstacles to the use of copyrighted content.

[0030] Static effect: corresponding to the potential energy of the material itself, this patent characterizes the inherent potential energy of the power distribution system and equipment to undergo rheological changes in the field (such as transformer short-circuit impedance, line inherent parameters, equipment rated capacity, etc.).

[0031] Dynamic effects: Corresponding to objective events, they characterize the material preparation, rheological process and results of matter completing rheological changes in a field (such as dynamic processes such as sudden load changes, dual power supply switching, instantaneous reactive power switching, and random power output of new energy sources).

[0032] Effect field: Dynamic effects depend on the environmental conditions in which they occur, and are divided into existence field (time, space) and action field (such as three-phase electromagnetic field, electromechanical inertial environment of power grid).

[0033] Quantity: An indicator for quantifying the breadth of things. Static quantity refers to the quantity possessed by matter, divided into field quantity and volume quantity. Field quantity refers to the quantity used to assess time, space (existence field), or other environmental conditions (action field, complex field), such as the time-series cumulative duration of multi-source coordinated regulation and the spatial coverage scale of three-phase vectors. Volume quantity refers to the quantity possessed by ordinary matter other than fields, such as the capacity of distribution transformers and the rated power of photovoltaic / energy storage equipment. The flux variable that quantifies the entire dynamic effect is called the effect quantity.

[0034] Effect quantity: The quantity generated by the entire dynamic effect rheology, which can be quantified using general models and time-axis models. In this patent, it specifically refers to the comprehensive quantitative result of the long-term power quality improvement effect and equipment life extension achieved through multi-source coordinated regulation.

[0035] Productivity: In effects science, productivity is a process quantity that is paired with potential to characterize the rheological scale. The quantity is constructed from both potential and productivity. Productivity can be divided into field productivity and volumetric productivity. This patent only applies to field productivity: Spatial field productivity: (Total area of ​​dynamic rheological trajectory) (Intra-inscribed reference area of ​​the coordinate system) represents the coverage scale of the three-phase vector space; time field product t represents the cumulative duration of electromagnetic effects; composite product: the intermediate product of this patent's calculation, which is derived from the mapping and transformation of the underlying potential and the basic product, and plays the role of product in the calculation in higher-order calculations.

[0036] Constraint product: When an object receives an action from a subject, it will use its own reaction to achieve dynamic equilibrium through competition or satisfying the antagonistic relationship. This reaction will constrain the action (the electrical effect of voltage) from expanding the rheological potential (current) indefinitely. The quantity of the object is transformed into product at the rheological level. For example, when a resistor (object) is subjected to the electrical action of a power source (subject), the resistor's resistance is transformed from a quantitative level of matter (static effect) into a constraint product of the electrical process (dynamic effect).

[0037] Potential: A type of indicator used to quantify the properties of things. It can be classified in several ways: static potential and dynamic potential. Static potential is an indicator of the properties of matter; in the allocation of roles in the construction of quantities, static potential often plays the role of quantifying invariant or stable properties. Dynamic potential quantifies the potential exhibited by matter in a field; it may be stable or variable. According to the mathematical essence of potential, it is divided into difference potential, rate potential, and functional potential: Difference potential: Established by comparing the difference between two relative points, directly driving the generation of actions (such as the voltage difference between dual power supply lines, the amplitude of reactive power control commands). As a power source, difference potential is potential for the main substance (e.g., the main power supply); when it acts on the object substance (e.g., the load or backup power supply), it is transformed into the object's action quantity.

[0038] Rate potential: The potential obtained by comparing two quantities, such as the rate of change of a distorted time series. It characterizes the speed and evolution trend of the three-phase imbalance or distortion state over time, and is used to distinguish between short-term load fluctuations and continuous unilateral distortion of equipment.

[0039] Attribute potential and state potential: Attribute potential refers to a relatively stable potential used to analyze the fundamental nature of things. In this patent, it characterizes the inherent stable physical characteristics of power distribution systems and equipment (such as transformer short-circuit impedance and line inherent impedance reference). Attribute potential is often used as a quantitative benchmark. Analyzing changes in the benchmark allows for qualitative analysis of things. For example, the attribute potential of battery indicators is calibrated at the factory. By comparing the attribute potential before and after, the degradation process can be qualitatively characterized, thus providing early warning for thermal runaway. Attribute potential is the opposite of state potential; the former usually manifests as a static potential, while the latter usually manifests as a dynamic potential. In this patent, state potential refers to the real-time fluctuation quantity (such as instantaneous voltage and current vector) characterized by external operating conditions (such as sudden load changes and random power output from new energy sources).

[0040] The classification of differential potential and rate potential according to mathematical essence does not conflict with the classification of attribute potential and state potential according to source. For example, voltage is both the differential potential of the power source (characterizing the operational capability such as rated voltage) and the attribute potential (characterizing the stability property such as rated voltage). However, voltage transforms into state potential (characterizing temporary state) during the implementation of electricity use.

[0041] The roles of quantity, potential, and product are not fixed, but closely related to the quantization level. For example, in the spatial rotational electrical differential potential method and the spatial rotational electrical differential potential product method, the former uses the spatial rotational electrical differential potential as the potential, while the latter uses it as the product.

[0042] 1.3 Explanation of the combination of effect terminology and the indicators of this patent Taking the thermal runaway early warning scenario of new energy batteries as an example, in order to accurately distinguish between normal operating condition fluctuations and hidden heat losses, it is necessary to clearly define and compare the core attribute potential and state potential in real time. Calibrable property potentials (factory or health baseline): Cell nominal open-circuit voltage difference ( ): Serves as the inherent reference for the steady-state electromagnetic excitation of the battery cell. Initial internal resistance reference of the battery cell ( ): Characterizes the inherent "constraint product" of a battery cell under conditions of no aging and no faults.

[0043] Standard inscribed circle reference area ( ) and standard distortion threshold ( ): Characterizes the "minimum effective work basis" and the healthy spatial topology boundary of the module in a healthy state, which maintains three-phase symmetrical spatial coupling.

[0044] Real-time monitoring of state potential (dynamic rheological behavior): Real-time charging and discharging terminal voltage and branch current vector: characterizes the real-time rheological state affected by external operating conditions (such as fast charging and regenerative braking).

[0045] Dynamic equivalent impedance ( : Instantaneous "constraint product" constructed from real-time voltage and current vectors. Real-time dimensionless distortion index ( ) and trajectory eccentricity ε: characterizes the degree of real-time spatial topological distortion of the electric vector in the effector coordinate system.

[0046] Comparison of attribute potential and state potential and the early warning logic for thermal runaway: Degradation Qualitative Analysis (Attribute Potential Drift): The system tracks the evolution of the state potential over a long period, and when the real-time state potential (such as dynamic equivalent impedance) changes... Under the same standard operating conditions, the property potential continuously deviates from the initial property potential. or in real time Continuously exceeding the standard distortion threshold At that time, the system determines that the "attribute potential" of the cell has undergone irreversible degradation (such as SEI film damage, lithium dendrite growth, and micro-internal short circuit initiation).

[0047] Warning Triggered (State Potential Out of Boundary): When the real-time fluctuation amplitude of the state potential exceeds the normal rheological boundary allowed by the attribute potential (i.e., the derivative of the state potential dX / dt is abnormal, or...) Exceeding the critical threshold λ3 indicates a sudden change in the "constraint product" within the cell, forming a local "potential barrier singularity" that blocks the uniform transfer of electrical current. At this point, most of the charging and discharging energy is converted into heat from the cell's internal resistance, and the system loses its effective work base. The algorithm layer immediately triggers "inscribed circle quantization truncation" and, in conjunction with the hardware layer, issues a physical isolation command to precisely block the thermal runaway chain reaction.

[0048] 1.4. Definitions of cross-patent terminology 1.4.1 Equilateral Triangle Effect Coordinate System (Patent 1): The underlying spatial analysis carrier shared by this patent and related patents has the following core feature: it constructs three effect axes that differ by 120° from each other, with a fixed centroid O as the origin, and possesses a dynamic overflow mapping mechanism. The three-phase voltage / current vectors are mapped into it, and evolve over time to form a closed dynamic rheological trajectory. This coordinate system is often simply referred to as the effect coordinate system in the entire patent family.

[0049] 1.4.2 Dynamic Rheological Trajectory (Patent 1): The voltage and current indicators collected by the hardware device of Patent 4 are mapped onto the equilateral triangular effect coordinate system of Patent 1 to form a dynamic rheological trajectory. It is a closed geometric figure formed by the time-varying three-phase voltage and current vectors of this patent, which intuitively reflects the spatial offset characteristics caused by the three-phase load imbalance.

[0050] 1.4.3 Ideal, standard centroid O (Patent 1): The inherent geometric datum of the effect coordinate system is the geometric center of the equilateral triangle, which is also the theoretical center point of the coordinate system and the theoretical reference origin for calculation.

[0051] 1.4.4 Static Centroid (Patent 1): This is the centroid calculated from actual measurement data. Due to factors such as sensor error, line offset, and equipment aging, the result may vary. There will usually be a certain offset from the ideal centroid O. The system undergoes "static centroid calibration" under no-load or steady-state conditions, measuring... By using the "static centroid calibration subtraction method," the actual measured three-phase vector is relative to... Offset deduction. For intermediate calculations used only to reduce errors, when performing gradual fault analysis on rotating equipment or power quality analysis, the system always uses the ideal centroid O as a fixed reference point, rather than... .

[0052] 1.4.5 Spatial equivalent power characteristic quantity (Patent 2): Three-phase instantaneous voltage and current vectors are acquired through a multi-channel synchronous sampling module, and static centroid parameters are introduced. After performing offset correction, the corrected three-phase vectors are mapped to the equilateral triangular effect coordinate system (with a 120° angle between the three axes) constructed in Patent 1, generating a closed dynamic rheological trajectory that changes continuously with time. The sector area formed by the dynamic rheological trajectory and the fixed centroid O is calculated and defined as the spatial geometric product S. The rate of change of the spatial geometric product S with respect to the spatial angle θ, dS / dθ (as the field product of the spatial layer), is further solved. This parameter characterizes the geometric expansion rate of the spatial trajectory and is completely decoupled from the time frequency. Finally, according to the "potential-product" layered quantization rule in Patent 2, the inherent electromagnetic characteristic coefficient k (attribute potential) of the system is combined with the spatial field product dS / dθ to construct the composite product M. _comp =k·dS / dθ, then multiply it by the angular frequency ω to finally construct the spatial equivalent power characteristic. It is similar to power in physics, except that power in physics is analyzed using a time-based approach, while... This is a spatial electrical approach. Because the dS / dθ in the first step is completely decoupled from time, the advantage of the spatial effect analysis approach lies in its accuracy even under non-frequency steady-state conditions such as frequency conversion. Essentially, Although it cannot accurately calculate electrical power, it can characterize the relative intensity of spatial geometric evolution under multi-source synergistic regulation.

[0053] 1.4.6 Cumulative Energy Rheological Characteristics (Patent 2): instantaneous The accumulation of integrals over time, i.e. , Characterizing the cumulative effect of this relative trend in the time domain, This is not electrical energy in traditional physics, but can be viewed as electrical energy in the context of spatial analysis; therefore, it is called the cumulative quantity of energy rheological characteristics. Similarly, its existence is to solve the problem of evolution accuracy under unsteady working conditions.

[0054] 1.4.7 Spatial Rotational Electromotive Force (Patent 2) Mapping the acquired three-phase instantaneous physical voltages onto an equilateral triangular effects coordinate system generates a dynamic rheological trajectory. In this trajectory, the distance from the centroid O to the vertex (representing the amplitude potential difference) and the overall geometry of the trajectory are defined in the effects quantification system as "spatial rotating potential difference" (belonging to the potential difference in effects quantification; the trajectory appears to rotate in a graphic, and the analyzed objects are mostly rotating devices, hence the name). It is not a traditional one-dimensional scalar voltage value, but rather transforms the amplitude differences and phase relationships of the three-phase voltages into geometric topological features in two-dimensional space. This allows for a direct reflection of the spatial equilibrium state and rheological trend of the three-phase voltages, representing the effects quantification of "three-phase voltage" in the spatial geometric dimension.

[0055] 1.4.8 Spatial Rotational Electrostatic Potential Method (Patent 2) Application scenarios: Suitable for conventional upper-level operation and maintenance scenarios such as steady-state operation monitoring, power quality trend assessment and fast relay protection.

[0056] Operational Logic: This method takes the "spatial rotating differential potential" (i.e., the spatial geometric representation of the three-phase voltage mentioned above) as the main object of analysis. During quantization mapping, the spatial rotating differential potential is regarded as the potential parameter driving the spatial trajectory observation, and the "spatial geometric change rate dS / dθ" is defined as the spatial field product. The two are coupled to construct a composite geometric parameter to complete the system state representation.

[0057] Advantages: The computational chain is simplified, and the computational overhead is low. It avoids the high-complexity processes of traditional time-frequency algorithms such as FFT, including convolution operations and spectral leakage correction, replacing continuous integration calculations with discrete spatial differences. Combined with the patented hardware geometry acceleration unit (Patent 4), it can achieve microsecond-level response times, and millisecond-level responses in general-purpose embedded terminals. Suitable for long-term, uninterrupted monitoring, it can identify macroscopic trajectory characteristics of low-frequency gradual degradation, such as three-phase impedance asymmetry and slow drift in line contact impedance. However, this algorithm only reflects the overall degree of spatial distortion and cannot break down microscopic components such as magnetic flux and circulating current.

[0058] 1.4.9 Spatial Rotational Electric Potential Product Method (Patent 2) Application scenarios: Suitable for underlying applications such as variable frequency speed control analysis of heavy equipment, ultra-low speed heavy load control, and operating condition monitoring and thermal runaway prevention of ultra-high safety equipment (such as nuclear power main pumps and ultra-high voltage converter transformers).

[0059] Operational Logic: This method primarily analyzes the effective induced magnetic flux. During quantization mapping, the "distance from the centroid to the vertex" is defined as the maximum magnetic flux or electric field product, and the "spatial projection coefficient cosθ" is introduced as a functional potential. The functional potential and the magnetic flux product are combined to construct a "composite product".

[0060] Advantages: This method restores the underlying geometric mapping logic of electromagnetic induction and filters out parallel leakage magnetic stray components by relying on the cosθ spatial projection mechanism, effectively improving the signal-to-noise ratio of distortion characteristics and assisting in identifying the continuous temperature rise trend caused by inter-turn insulation aging and magnetic imbalance. However, due to the constraint of single-cycle averaging calculation, this method cannot independently separate branch circulating currents, nor can it directly output the absolute value of heat loss based solely on geometric parameters. It needs to combine external parameters such as winding resistance and time-domain current to jointly calculate the loss level, and can only output a relative distortion trend for early fault warning.

[0061] The two methods mentioned above each have their advantages and disadvantages, which are addressed by an adaptive switching mechanism: During normal operation, the low-computation-power differential potential method is used for long-term macroscopic monitoring; when continuous distortion increases or heavy-load frequency conversion conditions are detected, the system automatically switches to the integration method for in-depth microscopic analysis, simultaneously retrieving winding and current auxiliary parameters for joint calculation. The timing data from both algorithms are then uniformly aggregated into a single system. The indicators are comprehensively analyzed and mutually compensate for the shortcomings of a single algorithm.

[0062] 1.4.10, Other cross-patent calls Besides invoking the underlying principles of patents 1 and 2, this patent directly incorporates the anti-interference low-computing-power topology metric of patent 3, the sampling device of patent 4, the timing analysis of patent 5, and the hierarchical control framework of patent 6. Since patents 3 to 6 reconstruct conventional acquisition, diagnosis, and control logic through effect space analysis, that is, by superimposing conventional implementation methods with new analysis methods (resulting in new technologies), it is not difficult to understand patents 3-6 based on an understanding of patents 1 and 2. Therefore, the content of patents 3-6 will not be elaborated further, but the following distinguishing features will be discussed separately.

[0063] 1.5. Effects Coordinate System and Principle of Graphical Rotation Space Analysis The effect-based spatial analysis scheme relies on the effect-based coordinate system constructed by Patent 1 and the physical quantity hierarchical quantization mapping rules of Patent 2. For non-rotating devices or systems, it does not require the physical arrangement of three physical sensors with a 120° included angle. In battery BMS or three-phase power grid scenarios, the hardware itself has conventional voltage and current sampling capabilities. This scheme uses algorithmic component mapping decomposition to mathematically map one-dimensional serial electrical quantities to a 120° three-component orthogonal coordinate system at the software level, generating a closed dynamic rheological trajectory that changes continuously over time. In the graph, the three-phase vector mapping points evolve over time in a "rotating" trajectory shape, hence this patent family collectively refers to them as "spatial rotation" analysis indicators (such as spatial rotational potential). However, in reality, for stationary power electronic devices, there is no physical rotation; it is only the dynamic trajectory evolution formed by the vector changing over time in the effect-based coordinate system. This scheme completely reuses the existing effect-based spatial electrical standard sampling hardware of Patent 4, without any changes to the physical sensor spatial arrangement structure, and there are no additional hardware costs.

[0064] 1.6 System architecture flexibility This patented complete system architecture includes a dual-power switching unit, a reactive power regulation unit, a photovoltaic control unit, an energy storage control unit, and a lightweight edge synchronization computing unit. This system architecture features high modularity and scalability. In actual engineering deployments, it can be flexibly tailored or expanded according to the specific needs of the power distribution scenario. High reliability scenarios (detailed in this embodiment): such as medical institutions, data centers, and industrial continuous production lines, must be equipped with dual power supply switching units. The core value of this patent lies in achieving phase pre-synchronization of the dual power supplies through effects timing prediction, thereby eliminating the risk of power outage due to switching lockout.

[0065] Broadly defined power quality management scenarios: such as ordinary commercial buildings or pure microgrid systems powered by a single power source, where dual-power switching units can be flexibly removed, and the system can still be based on... The indicators enable independent gradient coordinated control of reactive power, photovoltaics, and energy storage.

[0066] 2. Implementation Examples 2.1 Example 1: Graded Prevention and Control of Thermal Runaway in BMS of New Energy Storage Battery and Precise Localization of Distortion Source Cells 2.1.1 Existing equipment and existing operational defects on site Currently, the BMS (Battery Management System) for new energy vehicle batteries and large three-phase energy storage power stations generally adopts the traditional time-domain integration and single-point threshold monitoring scheme. This scheme has insurmountable safety shortcomings: First, relying solely on single-point temperature sensors and instantaneous voltage / current thresholds to determine thermal faults only triggers alarms after the cell temperature rise becomes apparent, resulting in a significant lag of 5-15 minutes in fault identification, by which time the internal short circuit has already developed to an irreversible stage. Second, it cannot distinguish between three-phase unbalanced circulating current, cell micro-short circuits, and the implicit continuous heat loss caused by internal resistance aging from the spatial coupling dimension, making it difficult to predict the evolution trend of thermal runaway. Third, traditional algorithms can only determine cluster anomalies, resulting in vague fault location, and lack the native algorithm logic to actively block chain propagation at the electrical coupling level. Heat dissipation relies solely on passive fire suppression, which cannot curb the chain propagation of thermal runaway.

[0067] 2.1.2 Complete Process of Thermal Runaway Prevention and Control Based on Potential Transfer and Spatial Quantization Without adding any new hardware sensors, this solution relies on the coordinate system of Patent 1 and the hierarchical quantization rules of Patent 2 to execute the following closed-loop prevention and control logic: Step 1: Global Calibration of Static Attribute Potential of Battery Cells and Decomposition of Dynamic and Static Effects. All individual battery cells within the battery module are equivalent to cascaded electrical potential coupling nodes. The inherent static potential of each individual cell is calibrated during the factory manufacturing stage. (Determined by electrode coating area, current collector thickness, electrolyte conductivity, etc., serving as the inherent electrical conversion potential under no-aging conditions), and the differential potential type (the nominal open-circuit voltage difference potential of the cell). The theoretical deviation of the static potential of cells in the same batch of modules approaches 0, serving as the global steady-state benchmark for the module. Fast charging, aging, lithium dendrite growth, and micro-internal short circuits belong to dynamic effect potentials, manifested as rheological distortions in voltage, current, and equivalent impedance. Effects physics, through the property / state dichotomy of potential, naturally distinguishes between the inherent benchmark of the battery and fault-related abnormal rheological changes.

[0068] Step 2: Real-time Acquisition and Vector Space Mapping of Multiple Dynamic State Potentials: The BMS high-frequency sampling cluster collects three types of dynamic state potentials: individual cell voltages, branch currents, and dynamic equivalent impedances. The electrical parameters of each cell are mapped to an equilateral triangular coordinate system, generating real-time electrical vector circumcircle trajectories. To distinguish between normal operating conditions such as fast charging and low-temperature charging and discharging, and abnormal rheology due to faults, a preliminary classification is performed based on the time-domain rheological derivative dX / dt of the potential.

[0069] Step 3: Dimensionless distortion coefficient Real-time computation and dual-mode adaptive switching: based on the inscribed circle datum Calculate the dimensionless distortion coefficient in real time Under stable charging and discharging conditions, the low-computing-power "spatial rotating differential potential method" is used to continuously monitor the trajectory eccentricity. When entering pulse fast charging, regenerative braking, or when trajectory distortion is detected, it automatically switches to the "spatial rotating differential potential product method". By introducing the spatial projection function potential, the ineffective stray components parallel to the effective action surface are accurately eliminated, and the trend of ineffective heat loss caused by internal resistance and circulating current is quantified separately.

[0070] Step 4: Potential Transfer Source Tracing and Precise Single-Point Fault Location: Based on the axiom of stepwise coupling and transfer of potential in electrophysiological systems, the potential transfer between healthy cells exhibits a smooth gradient decay. When a single cell experiences a micro-short circuit or lithium deposition, the internal resistance of that node is distorted and increased, forming a local "potential barrier singularity," which blocks the uniform transfer of potential between adjacent nodes. The system calculates the differential potential between two adjacent cells. When the difference exceeds the allowable differential threshold of the attribute potential, it can accurately locate the single-point cell where the distortion originates. This mechanism eliminates mislocation caused by disturbances in the entire operating condition (such as overall low temperature or fast charging), solving the pain point of traditional solutions that can only determine anomalies in the entire cluster.

[0071] Step 5: Three-stage thermal runaway prevention and control with dual soft and hard intervention: the system uses... Based on the criteria, and combined with the adaptively tuned three-level threshold λ1<λ2<λ3, graded processing and dual blocking are implemented: Level 1 warning (early hidden dangers, λ1 < ≤λ2): The trajectory eccentricity continues to rise, and heat loss increases slightly. The BMS automatically adjusts the maximum charge / discharge rate and generates a health inspection work order in the background to detect the trend of internal resistance degradation in advance.

[0072] Level 2 Alarm (Risk of Temperature Rise, λ2 < ≤λ3): Large-area distortion of the trajectory, heat loss reaches the rated warning threshold. The system starts forced air cooling / liquid cooling at full power, and simultaneously limits the charging and discharging power to 50% to suppress heat accumulation.

[0073] Level 3 Emergency Protection (Critical Thermal Runaway) >λ3 or trajectory area< (Equivalent Judgment Circle): It is determined that the majority of the charging and discharging energy is converted into heat due to the internal resistance of the battery cell, and the system has lost its "minimum effective work base." At this point, a dual blocking mechanism is triggered: Algorithm Blocking Layer: The "inscribed circle quantization truncation" mechanism is immediately triggered, stopping the accumulation of ineffective integrals at the time layer, and cutting off the transmission of fault potential to adjacent battery cells from the electrical coupling level. Hardware Isolation Layer: The BMS master controller synchronously issues commands to drive the branch MOS array to disconnect the series branch where the faulty cell is located (passenger vehicle scenario), or disconnect the branch contactor (large energy storage scenario), using the existing standard high-voltage fuse as a last resort. This solution does not require the addition of a dual power supply transfer switch; all hardware reuses existing industry-standard BMS power devices, achieving single-point fault isolation and non-stop system operation.

[0074] 2.1.3 Implementation Results and Technical Advantages 2.1.3.1 Early Warning Implementation: Faults can be identified at the stage of electrical micro-distortion, such as SEI film damage and the initial stage of lithium deposition, providing an early warning 20-45 minutes earlier than temperature / voltage threshold warnings. This shifts the intervention window from "damage prevention" to "fault prevention in its infancy." Dynamic Adaptive Thresholds Solves the Persistent Problem of Static Threshold Failure Throughout the Lifecycle: Relying on the long-term cumulative effect of field product over time, and linking it with static property potentials. Aging degradation drift, dynamic adaptive calibration The baseline threshold and the safety judgment boundary throughout the battery's entire life cycle are synchronously iterated with the cell's health status, and there is no fixed threshold aging failure problem.

[0075] 2.1.3.2 Natively distinguishes between operating condition fluctuations and fault distortions, significantly reducing false alarm rates: Relying on "static attribute potential benchmark anchoring + dynamic-static effect dichotomy", the rheological changes under normal operating conditions are short-term fluctuations in a controllable state potential, and the overall trajectory will not deviate from the standard inscribed circle benchmark; the internal short circuit in a fault is a potential-quantum coupling distortion, which will produce a directional and continuous trajectory deviation. Under complex vehicle-mounted and energy storage variable operating conditions, the false alarm rate is reduced by more than 70% compared with the traditional multi-parameter fusion algorithm.

[0076] Dual capabilities of electrical spatial positioning and chain interruption: It can curb the chain reaction of thermal runaway from the root, accurately isolate the source of the fault, avoid blindly shutting down the entire cluster, and has the ability to suppress the propagation of faults from the outset, rather than being a post-event remedy.

[0077] 2.2 Example 2: Renovation Plan for Large-Scale Heavy Industrial Variable Frequency Continuous Production Plant The plant is equipped with two 10kV mains power lines, a large-capacity STS solid-state dual power transfer switch, a high-voltage SVG, graded low-voltage capacitors, distributed photovoltaic system, energy storage, and multiple variable frequency rolling mill motors. The original equipment had independent threshold control, which only collected instantaneous scalar values ​​and could not identify continuous unilateral concave distortion of the motor windings. When the distortion reached the critical range, the STS switching was prone to phase blocking, causing a short-term shutdown of the production line. The plant operates continuously for 24 hours, and long-term power outages to replace the main power distribution equipment are prohibited.

[0078] The upgrade only involved adding a lightweight edge synchronization computing unit to the power distribution room, connecting it via 485 communication to the existing STS, reactive power, photovoltaic, and energy storage controllers, and reusing all on-site PT and CT transformers. Commissioning was completed briefly under low load at night without altering the STS itself or its internal protection logic. The system acquires complete three-phase vector full-set mapping effects from both incoming lines in a geometric coordinate system, and decomposes potential and product units to solve for timing distortion indices. Combined with the factory area's variable frequency load adaptive setting of three threshold levels; when As the system continues to fall into the mid-to-late stage of development, a phase pre-synchronization signal is issued to gradually reduce the phase difference between the two power sources. The reactive power regulation is set with dual constraints on amplitude and rate throughout the process to adapt to the electromechanical inertia of the high-voltage power grid in the plant area and differentiate the control of two types of disturbances: short-term production load fluctuations and continuous motor winding slump.

[0079] After the upgrade, the three-phase distortion index has remained stable in the nascent stage for a long time, the monthly power supply assessment penalty has been fully waived, the negative sequence eddy current additional loss of transformers and motors has been significantly reduced, the overhaul cycle of high-voltage equipment has been extended, there have been no STS switching and blocking shutdown accidents throughout the year, and the overall annual upgrade benefits have been stable.

[0080] 2.3 Example 3: Example of a Grade A Tertiary General Hospital's Dedicated STS Retrofit for Level 1 Load (Dual Power Supply Scenario) 2.3.1 Existing equipment and existing operational defects on site The operating room, ICU, and imaging diagnostic equipment are Level 1 uninterruptible loads, equipped with two independent 10kV municipal power lines and a medical-grade STS solid-state dual power transfer switch. Hospital logistics management regulations strictly prohibit the disassembly or modification of the STS itself, internal overcurrent protection, and phase-locking protection logic. Supporting low-voltage capacitor compensation, hospital-wide photovoltaic systems, and energy storage devices are also included. The original equipment only collected instantaneous voltage scalars and lacked a complete three-phase vector timing analysis link. The lighting and imaging single-side loads had long resulted in continuously increasing distortion timing. When the indicators reached the critical range, the phase difference between the two paths exceeded the standard, causing STS lockout, leading to surgical interruptions and data loss. Each device was independently controlled, lacking a unified distortion assessment benchmark for the entire station, resulting in monthly three-phase imbalance assessment expenditures.

[0081] 2.3.2 Complete Implementation Process of Lightweight Reuse Retrofitting Only a lightweight edge computing unit was added, with communication interface to the existing STS controller. All voltage and current transformers in the field were reused, and short-term commissioning was performed during off-peak hours at the outpatient clinic. All existing inspection and equipment protection operation procedures were retained. The underlying layer fully executes the supporting patented potential and product-degree hierarchical quantization logic. Step 1: Simultaneously acquire the complete set of original three-phase vectors from the two incoming lines, eliminate sensor offsets through centroid correction, and generate dynamic rheological trajectories by mapping to the equilateral triangle effect coordinate system. Step 2 involves splitting the basic quantization units into two categories: potential and product. The system automatically switches between dual operation modes based on the grid frequency to continuously solve for the time-series dimensionless distortion index. ; Step 3: Adaptively tune the three-level distortion threshold based on the hospital's unilateral illumination and image load characteristics, and calculate the temporal variation rate in real time. To differentiate between short-term fluctuations in outpatient workload and persistent unilateral equipment dent distortion; Step 4 When If the system continues to fall within the (λ2,λ3) development mid-to-late stage range, the STS pre-synchronization process is initiated, and the amplitude and phase vector of the backup incoming line are gradually adjusted to reduce the phase difference, while reserving a timing buffer window. Step 5 If Breaking through the λ3 critical threshold, the original STS native switching and interlocking protection logic automatically and seamlessly switch, ensuring uninterrupted power supply to diagnostic and treatment equipment; synchronously issuing gradient reactive power adjustment signals to balance the three-phase load of the two incoming lines in the long term, suppressing the accumulation of distortion.

[0082] 2.3.3 Implementation Results The renovation resulted in no STS switching lockouts causing power outages for surgical and imaging equipment throughout the year, significantly reduced additional energy losses due to three-phase imbalance in the hospital area, a full waiver of monthly power supply assessment penalties, no voltage fluctuation faults in precision medical equipment, stable annual overall revenue, and the logistics budget was sufficient to cover the renovation costs.

[0083] 2.4 Example 4: Dual-Main-Transformer STS Retrofit Scheme for 410kV Regional Public Substation The station is equipped with two 110kV main transformer incoming lines, a large-capacity STS dual power transfer switch, a high-voltage SVG, and a centralized distributed photovoltaic grid connection point. The main transformers in the station have strong electromechanical inertia, and the original instantaneous full-capacity reactive power switching is prone to causing continuous bus voltage fluctuations. The frequency of maintenance of switchgear and instrument transformers in the station has been increasing year by year. The original system lacks timing distortion analysis function, and there is a voltage impact when the STS switches gradually become unbalanced in a single main transformer. The maintenance team has long fixed the control process and refuses to change the protection logic of the STS itself.

[0084] The upgrade only involves adding an edge computing unit to connect to the on-site backend and the existing STS controller, reusing the on-site PT and CT vector acquisition signals; and solving the problem based on the potential of the effect coordinate system and the product degree stratification rule. The timing indicators are combined with the substation load adaptive setting of three-level thresholds; when the distortion of a single main transformer enters the mid-to-late stage, the STS pre-synchronization signal is issued in advance, and the reactive power regulation constrains the power change amplitude and rate throughout the process, reducing bus voltage fluctuations; the original STS and main transformer protection logic within the station remain unchanged, and the operation and maintenance scheduling process remains unchanged. After the upgrade, the maintenance cycle of high-voltage equipment within the station is extended, the proportion of local consumption of regional distributed photovoltaic power is increased, and the upgrade achieves both cost savings in station operation and maintenance and three-phase balance of the regional power grid.

[0085] 2.5. Example 5: Existing STS Retrofit Solution for Large-Scale Supercomputing Data Centers The data center is equipped with two independent high-voltage mains power supplies, a large-capacity STS solid-state dual power transfer switch, SVG reactive power supply, distributed photovoltaic system, and energy storage device. The server cluster experiences continuous upward distortion timing in the effector coordinate system due to high load on one side for a long time. The original STS only has instantaneous fault switching. When the phase difference exceeds the standard, it is easy to cause lockout and downtime, resulting in computing power compensation loss. The computer room operates 24 / 7 without interruption, and long-term power outages are not allowed to replace the main power distribution equipment.

[0086] The lightweight upgrade only added communication links to connect to the existing STS, photovoltaic, and energy storage controllers, and was completed in a short nighttime debugging session. The system continuously collects the full set of three-phase vector data throughout the day, decomposes potential and product units to solve for time-series distortion indices, and adaptively adjusts the computing load to correspond to the three-level threshold. When distortion is predicted to continue to rise, the STS backup incoming line phase pre-synchronization is completed in advance, and the gradient reactive signal balances the load of each phase of the server. After the upgrade, there were no STS switching downtime incidents, and the additional electricity costs and computing power compensation losses caused by single-sided server distortion were significantly reduced. The investment recovery period meets the cost control standards of IDC enterprises.

[0087] 2.6 Example 6: Multi-source cooperative scheduling and dual-power pre-synchronization system based on effector hierarchical quantization (scalable modular architecture) 2.6.1 Existing equipment and existing operational defects on site A large precision manufacturing plant is equipped with two 10kV mains power lines, a large-capacity STS (Solid State Transfer Switch), a high-voltage SVG reactive power compensation device, and distributed energy storage within the plant. The existing equipment was in a "control island" state, only collecting instantaneous scalar electrical parameters. When the large frequency converter in the plant continuously operated on one side, causing progressive dip distortion, the existing system could not predict it in advance. When the distortion accumulated and caused the phase difference between the two power supplies to exceed the standard, the STS triggered the native phase blocking protection, resulting in an unexpected power outage and shutdown of the production line. Furthermore, the existing SVG used instantaneous full-capacity switching, which was prone to electromechanical inertial coupling with the power grid, causing continuous voltage fluctuations on the bus.

[0088] 2.6.2 Complete Implementation Process of Lightweight Reuse and Collaborative Scheduling This solution, without altering the existing STS body, internal overcurrent protection, and phase-locking protection logic within the plant area, only adds a "lightweight edge synchronization computing unit." This unit connects to the existing STS, SVG, and energy storage controller via a standardized communication bus, reusing all field PT and CT transformers. The underlying layer fully executes the patented potential and product-level hierarchical quantization and collaborative scheduling logic. Step 1: Effects Mapping and Feature Solving. The multi-channel synchronous sampling module acquires the original three-phase voltage and current vectors of the two incoming lines in real time, and uses static centroid parameters... Correction and elimination of sensor offset. Map the correction vector to an equilateral triangle effects coordinate system to generate a dynamic rheological trajectory, decompose the potential and product parameters, and continuously solve for the time-series dimensionless distortion index. .

[0089] Step 2: Time Series Analysis and Discrimination of Disturbance Properties - Time Series Distortion Grading Analysis Module Continuously Archives Multiple Periods Data, calculate time-series rate of change .when Approaching 0 and During minor fluctuations, it is determined to be a short-term load fluctuation, and the system only makes minor reactive power adjustments; when When the distortion increases continuously and monotonically, it is accurately determined to be a continuous unilateral concave distortion of the equipment, and long-term balancing control is initiated in advance.

[0090] Step 3: Multi-source collaborative decision-making and gradient reactive power execution To establish a unified evaluation benchmark across the entire site, the multi-source collaborative decision-making module coordinates the adjustable capacity of SVG and energy storage. When When the system is in its nascent or early-stage development phase, a gradient reactive power control signal is issued. This signal incorporates dual adaptive constraints on the amplitude and rate of change of a single change, limiting instantaneous power step jumps and effectively mitigating bus voltage fluctuations caused by the electromechanical inertia of the power grid, while maintaining the original protection mechanisms of each execution unit.

[0091] Step 4: Dual power supply phase pre-synchronization adaptation When the system continues to fall within the mid-to-late stage of distortion, the dual-power pre-synchronization adaptation module is triggered. Instead of directly intervening in the STS, the system uses the energy storage converter (PCS) or SVG configured on the standby bus side, along with its phase-locked loop (PLL) and power control loop, to smoothly correct the amplitude and phase vector of the standby incoming line, gradually reducing the phase difference between the two power sources, and reserving sufficient timing buffer window for possible subsequent switching.

[0092] Step 5: Critical Native Switching and Long-Term Model Iteration If the distortion continues to worsen, By breaking through the λ3 critical threshold, the original STS's native switching and blocking protection logic can be automatically and seamlessly switched to ensure uninterrupted power supply to the load. At the same time, the time-series archiving module uploads all operational data to the cloud, and the model iteration module, based on historical time-series data, adaptively updates the three-level thresholds and reactive power gradient constraint parameters monthly, achieving long-term evolution of the system control strategy.

[0093] 2.6.3 Implementation Results and Engineering Value Eliminate the risk of power outage during switching: After the upgrade, there were no production line shutdowns caused by STS phase lockout throughout the year, and the success rate of backup power phase pre-synchronization reached 100%.

[0094] Suppressing voltage fluctuations and extending equipment lifespan: The gradient reactive power control mechanism effectively smooths out power steps, reduces bus voltage fluctuation amplitude by more than 60%, and significantly extends the overhaul cycle of high-voltage transformers and motor windings.

[0095] Zero modification cost and high compatibility: Existing hardware can be fully reused without modifying any underlying device native protection logic. It can be launched after a short nighttime debugging session, and the investment payback period is less than 12 months.

[0096] The architecture is highly scalable: this system is based on effects science. The multi-source collaborative scheduling logic of the indicators not only perfectly solves the pain points of dual-power supply scenarios, but its underlying algorithm can also be seamlessly migrated to the power quality management scenarios of pure microgrid multi-source collaborative or single-power supply distribution networks without dual power supplies, and has high industrialization and promotion value.

[0097] 2.7 Example 7: Precise Assessment and Expansion Optimization of Distribution Network Capacity Based on Effects-Based Hierarchical Quantization and Energy Storage Synergy 2.7.1 Application Scenario Background and Existing Pain Points Industrial park power distribution networks and large rotating power unit clusters commonly suffer from the pain points of traditional capacity expansion: traditional power distribution network capacity assessment relies solely on the single indicator of "instantaneous peak power / maximum demand." Short-term impact loads (such as the starting of large motors, stamping equipment, and frequency converter fluctuations) can drive up instantaneous peak values, and power supply departments typically determine the capacity of transformers, lines, and switchgear based on the maximum annual power. Even if the average daily load rate of equipment is less than 40%, transformer replacement and distribution cabinet upgrades still need to be completed based on peak values. This model results in high expansion investment, long construction periods, and leaves transformers in an inefficient, unloaded state for extended periods, leading to significant capacity loss due to idle capacity.

[0098] 2.7.2. Logic of Underlying Quantization and Capacitance Verification in Effects Theory This embodiment relies on the "potential-productivity hierarchical quantification, dynamic and static effect decomposition, and spatial distortion truncation" system of efficacies to remove instantaneous power surges that have no actual production capacity contribution. It uses "equivalent cumulative effect quantity" to determine the actual power supply capacity demand and coordinates with energy storage units to mitigate the surge, significantly lowering the distribution network expansion standard: Static effect (attribute potential) benchmark: The static rate potential k (inherent conversion potential) corresponding to the unit's hardware structure and the inherent voltage difference potential of the windings (difference-type attribute potential) represent the long-term stable and effective work benchmark of the equipment; Dynamic effect (state potential) surge removal: Short-term drastic rheological changes (surges) of instantaneous current and instantaneous angular frequency dynamic rate potentials are considered "ineffective state potentials" with no long-term effective energy output; Spatial distortion double truncation rule: Using the three-phase trajectory eccentricity ε and rheological derivative dX / dt as criteria, when the surge causes severe trajectory distortion, "surge truncation" is triggered, eliminating instantaneous ineffective power components; when the surge causes a sudden voltage drop and the trajectory shrinks to the inscribed circle... When the temperature is within a certain range, the "inscribed circular base truncation" is triggered to prevent ineffective heat loss; the capacity determination is based on the cumulative spatial energy rheological characteristics of the time-domain cumulative effect. Instead of instantaneous peak power, this It is not physical electrical energy, but a relative characteristic index under the quantitative rules of effect science. Combined with the distribution network equivalent capacity conversion factor, the "equivalent benchmark capacity" corresponding to long-term effective work can be calculated.

[0099] 2.7.3 Implementation Hardware and Parameter Configuration System composition: an industrial cluster driven by multiple asynchronous / permanent magnet synchronous motors (such as 12 110kW units), a 10kV park distribution transformer, a three-phase acquisition terminal, the patented lightweight edge synchronous computing unit, and an energy storage buffer unit (PCS).

[0100] Core effect parameter calibration: Attribute potential k: Static rate potential of a single unit's factory-calibrated structure, constant steady-state conversion benchmark; Rheological judgment threshold: Physical quantity time derivative dX / dt threshold, trajectory eccentricity ε=0.15; Inscribed circle benchmark: = / 4, Project Adjustment Judgment Area =1.2 Equivalent capacity conversion factor for distribution network (Application-layer specific definition): In the initial stage of system commissioning, historical real-time electricity data and accumulated spatial energy rheological characteristics of traditional physical meters are collected simultaneously. The results were obtained through linear regression fitting and calibration. It is used to accurately map the effector characteristics to the physical capacity (kVA) assessed by the power supply bureau.

[0101] 2.7.4 Complete Implementation Steps of this Patent (Multi-Source Collaborative Scheduling) Step 1: Layered acquisition of basic potential parameters. The lightweight edge synchronous computing unit acquires the three-phase instantaneous current and voltage dynamic state potential in real time, and synchronously retrieves the device's pre-stored attribute potential k and inherent voltage difference potential; synchronously acquires the trajectory space field product dS / dθ and the running time field product t.

[0102] Step 2: Construct spatial equivalent power characteristic quantities Based on the static potential property k, the spatial field product differential dS / dθ, and the dynamic potential angular frequency ω, the following calculations are performed: =k·(dS / dθ)·ω synchronously introduces the inherent voltage difference potential of the winding to correct the electromagnetic excitation reference, and completes the coupling calculation of the voltage difference potential and the rate potential. It is a spatial equivalent power characteristic quantity under the effect quantization rule, which is not the same as traditional electric power, but is positively correlated with it.

[0103] Step 3: Dynamic Rheological Determination and Dual Truncation Real-time Calculation of Three-Phase Current Vector Trajectory Circumcircle Area S_out, Eccentricity ε: Normal Retention: When ε≤0.15 and dX / dt is below the rheological threshold, it is determined that there is no severe impact, and the data is completely retained. Including cumulative effects; Impact cutoff: When ε>0.15 and dX / dt exceeds the limit, it is judged as short-time impact rheology, and eccentricity cutoff is enabled to eliminate the instantaneous ineffective power component caused by the impact; Substrate cutoff: If the impact causes a sudden voltage drop, the trajectory envelope area shrinks to Within this range, the inner circle is trunculated, stopping the ineffective integration and preventing the ineffective heat loss from being mistakenly counted as effective work.

[0104] Step 4: Calculation of annual effective cumulative effect and conversion of equivalent capacity. Integrating over a period of 8760 hours per calendar year, the cumulative spatial energy rheological characteristics of annual effective work are generated. This patent introduces the distribution network equivalent capacity conversion factor defined in the application layer 7. This process converts the electrophysiological characteristics back to real physical electrical energy and calculates the equivalent continuous power supply capacity (apparent power): =( · (This refers to the inherent power factor of the equipment). It represents the actual continuous power demand of the power station, eliminating all invalid peak values ​​caused by instantaneous surges.

[0105] Step 5: Energy Storage Collaborative Smoothing and Capacity Expansion Demand Adjustment: The "instantaneous ineffective impact power" identified in Step 3 is used as a feedforward command and sent to the energy storage buffer unit. The energy storage unit rapidly discharges / absorbs the impact when it occurs, smoothing out the peak value on the physical power grid and bringing the actual power handled by the transformer closer to the threshold. Capacity optimization verification: based on Instead of using instantaneous peak power as the basis for capacity expansion approval, an equivalent capacity calculation report based on effect-based hierarchical quantification and energy storage synergy will be submitted to the power supply department to complete the distribution network capacity filing and cancel the original large-capacity expansion plan.

[0106] 2.7.5 Implementation Quantification Results (Approximate Data) Taking a cluster of 12 110kW generating units as an example, the instantaneous peak power at simultaneous startup is 1380kW, and the original 1250kVA transformer is facing overload. The power supply department originally requested an expansion to 2000kVA (budget of 2.18 million yuan).

[0107] Equivalent baseline capacity calculation results: After shocks were removed and the capacity was restored by integration using an effects scheme, =642kVA, far lower than the instantaneous peak value of 1380kW; Capacity expansion plan change: There is no need to replace the 2000kVA transformer. Only a partial wiring modification will be made to the existing 1250kVA transformer. The original cables and distribution cabinets will be retained. There is no full-line capacity expansion construction. Cost savings: The 2.18 million yuan expansion project investment was cancelled, and only 127,000 yuan was spent on controller and energy storage synergy upgrades, directly saving 2.053 million yuan in investment; Reduced resource losses: Avoiding long-term low-load operation of large-capacity transformers, reducing transformer no-load / light-load losses by 62.4% throughout the year; Cycle benefits: No need for 45-day production stoppage for expansion construction; production lines can operate continuously, avoiding a loss of approximately 960,000 yuan in output value due to production stoppage. Grid-side gains: Reduce the pressure of regional distribution network expansion infrastructure construction, reduce the planning demand for new lines and substation bays, reduce the overall investment in regional power infrastructure, and achieve a win-win situation for power generation, grid, load and storage.

Claims

1. A power quality long-term management and multi-source power coordinated scheduling system based on three-phase electric electromagnetic space trajectory timing characteristics, characterized in that, include: Dual power supply switching unit, reactive power regulation unit, photovoltaic control unit, energy storage control unit, lightweight edge synchronization computing unit; The lightweight edge synchronization computing unit establishes bidirectional three-phase vector data transmission channels with the dual power supply switching unit, reactive power regulation unit, photovoltaic control unit, and energy storage control unit respectively through a standardized communication bus; The lightweight edge synchronization computing unit includes: a multi-channel synchronous sampling module for acquiring three-phase raw voltage and current vectors, eliminating sensing offset through static centroid correction parameters, and outputting a correction vector set; The three-phase electromagnetic spatial trajectory quantization module is used to map the correction vector to the equilateral triangle effect coordinate system to generate a dynamic rheological trajectory. It classifies the quantization parameters into two categories: potential and product. It has two built-in automatic switching operation modes: the spatial rotating differential potential method and the spatial rotating differential potential product method, to solve for the dimensionless distortion index. The time sequence distortion grading research module is used for continuously storing multi-period The time sequence data is calculated to obtain the time sequence change rate: Based on satisfying < < Three-level adaptive thresholds are used to divide distortion intervals and predict imbalance evolution trends; The AI ​​load prediction module integrates multi-dimensional feature parameters to output time-segmented three-phase load vector prediction results; Multi-source collaborative decision-making module, with To unify the evaluation criteria, coordinate the adjustable capacity of reactive power, photovoltaic, and energy storage with the load distribution of the dual power supply, and synchronously output gradient reactive power adjustment parameters and dual power supply phase adjustment parameters, constrain the power change amplitude and rate of change; The dual power supply pre-synchronization adaptation module is used to send smooth amplitude and phase adjustment commands to the dual power supply switching unit, while the original switching, blocking, and overload protection logic of the dual power supply switching unit remains unchanged. The gradient reactive power execution module is used to send gradient reactive power control signals to the reactive power, photovoltaic and energy storage units. The original overload, short circuit and overvoltage protection logic of each unit is not modified. The timing archive module stores three-phase vector data, distorted timing data, dual power supply operation data, and full operational data of reactive power regulation for long-term storage. The model iteration module adaptively updates the three-level threshold and reactive power gradient control parameters based on historical time series data.

2. The power quality long-term management and multi-source power supply collaborative scheduling system based on the temporal characteristics of three-phase electromagnetic spatial trajectories according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-phase electromagnetic spatial trajectory quantization module distinguishes between two types of standardized operations: time-domain parameters are calculated by multiplying potential and product and then integrating, while spatial feature parameters are calculated by the ratio of trajectory spatial product and inscribed circle reference product.

3. The power quality long-term management and multi-source power supply collaborative scheduling system based on the temporal characteristics of three-phase electromagnetic spatial trajectories according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temporal distortion classification and judgment module uses the temporal change rate... Distinguish between short-term load fluctuation vector subsets and equipment-side continuous distortion vector subsets.

4. The power quality long-term management and multi-source power supply collaborative scheduling system based on the temporal characteristics of three-phase electromagnetic spatial trajectories according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-source collaborative decision-making module outputs gradient variable reactive power parameters, which reduce bus voltage fluctuations caused by grid electromechanical inertia by limiting the magnitude and rate of power change.

5. A method for long-term power quality management and multi-source power supply coordinated scheduling based on the system described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, It includes nine closed-loop execution steps: S1. Simultaneously acquire three-phase raw voltage and current vectors through multiple channels, and eliminate acquisition offset through centroid correction parameters to obtain a correction vector set; S2. Map the correction vector to the equilateral triangle effect coordinate system to generate a dynamic rheological trajectory, decompose the potential and product parameters, and automatically switch between two quantization modes according to the system operating conditions to solve the time-series dimensionless distortion index. ; S3. Continuously archive multi-period distorted time series data, calculate the time series change rate, combine adaptive threshold to divide the distortion interval, and predict the development trend of three-phase imbalance. S4. Integrate multi-dimensional feature parameters to predict the time-segmented three-phase load vector variation pattern; S5. Using dimensionless distortion index as the global evaluation benchmark, it coordinates the adjustable capacity of reactive power, photovoltaic, and energy storage with the load distribution of dual power sources, and synchronously outputs gradient reactive power adjustment parameters and backup power phase adjustment parameters to constrain the power change amplitude and rate. S6. Send a smooth phase adjustment command to the dual power supply switching unit. The original switching, blocking, and overload protection logic of the dual power supply unit is not modified. When the distortion reaches the critical range, the power supply switching is completed autonomously. S7. Send the gradient reactive power control signal to the reactive power, photovoltaic, and energy storage control units, and maintain the original protection mechanism of each unit. S8: Long-term cloud archiving of all three-phase vector, distortion timing, and equipment operation data; S9. The system's overall operating revenue is statistically analyzed monthly, and multi-level thresholds and reactive power gradient control parameters are adaptively updated based on historical time-series data.

6. The method for long-term power quality management and multi-source power coordinated dispatch according to claim 5, characterized in that, Step S2 involves hierarchical quantization to distinguish between two types of operational rules: temporal physical quantities are subjected to potential and product-degree composite integral operations, while spatial distortion feature quantities are subjected to area ratio operations.

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