Communication station reserve separation peak valley energy storage control method and system

Abstract

The application discloses a communication station backup storage separation peak-valley energy storage control method and system, the method comprises the following steps: obtaining the efficiency of the original switching power supply rectifier module, the maximum output current of the existing power supply and the current output capability of the system after maximization expansion rectifier module, and determining whether scheme one or scheme two is adopted; in scheme one, the switching power supply comprises an old switching power supply and a newly-added plug-in frame power supply, and the two are connected in parallel at the DC bus side, and the energy storage battery is connected to the side of the newly-added plug-in frame power supply; in scheme two, the switching power supply comprises a single switching power supply, which is the old switching power supply after plug-in frame transformation or a replaced new power supply, and the backup battery and the energy storage battery are respectively connected to the same DC bus through respective controlled switches. By improving the charging and discharging switching logic under the full working conditions of normal power supply (valley / flat / peak), power failure and power recovery, the technical scheme ensures uninterrupted power supply of the load and realizes low-cost, high-efficiency and high-reliability backup storage separation peak-valley energy storage control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power supply and distribution technology for communication base stations, and relates to a method and system for controlling peak-valley energy storage with backup and storage separation in communication stations. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of communication technology, especially the large-scale deployment of 5G base stations, the power consumption of communication station equipment has increased significantly, placing higher demands on the capacity, efficiency, and reliability of DC power supply systems. At the same time, the nationwide implementation of peak-valley time-of-use electricity pricing policies for industry and commerce has made using energy storage batteries to charge during off-peak hours and discharge during peak hours to reduce electricity costs an important technical path for telecommunications operators to achieve "cost reduction and efficiency improvement."

[0003] In existing communication station power supply architectures, a common backup power solution is the integration of a switching power supply rectifier module and a backup lead-acid or lithium iron phosphate battery. In this solution, the backup battery is in a float charge state for extended periods, providing emergency backup only during mains power outages, resulting in extremely low utilization. To introduce peak-valley energy storage capabilities, the industry generally adopts a "backup and storage separation" approach, physically or electrically separating the existing backup battery from the newly added energy storage battery.

[0004] However, existing publicly available peak-valley energy storage control systems with separate backup and storage systems have the following significant drawbacks:

[0005] First, the topology is too simplistic and lacks adaptability for modification. Most solutions offer only a fixed system architecture (e.g., requiring replacement of the original switching power supply or the addition of a complete power supply system), failing to allow for flexible selection based on the actual efficiency of the existing switching power supply, the remaining expansion capacity of the rectifier module, and the load current. This results in either excessively high modification costs (wasting the high-efficiency old power supply) or insufficient load-carrying capacity of the modified system (affecting load power supply during energy storage charging), severely limiting the universality and promotional value of the solutions.

[0006] Secondly, the charging and discharging circuit contains redundant power conversion stages, resulting in significant energy loss. In existing conventional control schemes, a bidirectional DC / DC power module is often configured at the front end of the energy storage battery to control its charging and discharging. During off-peak charging periods, the mains power is rectified to 48V DC by the original switching power supply, and then stepped down / boosted by the bidirectional module before being fed into the energy storage battery, resulting in two stages of conversion losses. During peak discharging periods, the DC power from the energy storage battery needs to be converted by the bidirectional module before supplying the load, resulting in one stage of conversion losses. Simultaneously, during peak discharging periods, the original switching power supply is often still in an unloaded or lightly loaded standby state, and its rectifier module itself still consumes considerable energy, further reducing the overall discharging efficiency.

[0007] Third, the control logic in power outage and restoration scenarios is incomplete, posing a risk of power interruption. Many existing solutions do not fully consider the smooth switching logic between backup batteries and energy storage batteries under abnormal operating conditions such as power outages and power restoration. In particular, when power outages occur during off-peak or peak periods, there is a lack of systematic and engineerable control strategies to ensure uninterrupted power supply to the load and to achieve orderly charging management after power outage restoration. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems in existing technologies by proposing a method and system for controlling peak-valley energy storage by separating backup and storage at communication stations.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the basic solution of the present invention is: a method for peak-valley energy storage control with backup and storage separation in communication stations, comprising the following steps:

[0010] Obtain the efficiency of the original switching power supply rectifier module, the maximum output current of the existing power supply, and the current output capability of the system after maximizing the expansion of the rectifier module, and determine whether to adopt Scheme 1 or Scheme 2 based on this information.

[0011] When the old power system is under off-peak load and the BMS of the energy storage battery has charging current limiting capability:

[0012] When the efficiency of the rectifier module of the old switching power supply is less than 95%, and the existing system configuration meets the current limiting of backup battery charging and load current, Scheme 1 shall be adopted.

[0013] When the efficiency of the rectifier module of the old switching power supply is ≥95%, and the maximum configuration of the existing system after module expansion cannot meet the maximum charging current limit and load current of the expanded energy storage battery, Scheme 1 shall be adopted.

[0014] When the old power rectifier module and monitoring module are removed and the frame is modified or replaced with a new high-efficiency power supply, and the backup battery and energy storage battery are of the same type with consistent charging voltage requirements, and the BMS has charging current limiting capability:

[0015] When the efficiency of the rectifier module of the old switching power supply is ≥95%, and the current output capability of the system can meet the maximum charging current limit and load current of the expanded energy storage battery after the system is maximized, Scheme 2 is adopted.

[0016] When the efficiency of the rectifier module of the old switching power supply is less than 95%, and the existing system configuration no longer meets the requirements for backup battery charging current limit and load current, Scheme 2 shall be adopted.

[0017] In Option 1, the switching power supply includes the old switching power supply and the newly added plug-in power supply, and the two are connected in parallel on the DC bus side, with the energy storage battery connected to the newly added plug-in power supply side.

[0018] In Option 2, the switching power supply includes a single switching power supply: an old switching power supply modified by the plug-in frame or a new power supply that has been replaced, and the backup battery and the energy storage battery are respectively connected to the same DC bus through their respective controlled switches.

[0019] The working principle and beneficial effects of this basic solution are as follows: Based on the efficiency of the rectifier module of the old switching power supply and the system expansion capability, this technical solution selectively adopts one of two topology schemes, so that the transformation scheme matches the actual equipment status, avoids blindly replacing the power supply or insufficient expansion, reduces transformation costs, and improves the applicability of the project and the reliability of the system under load.

[0020] By eliminating the bidirectional DC / DC module at the front end of the energy storage battery, the power conversion loss during both off-peak charging and peak discharging is reduced, while also saving on the equipment cost of the bidirectional module. The charging and discharging switching logic is improved under all operating conditions—normal mains power (off-peak / flat / peak), power outage, and power restoration—ensuring uninterrupted power supply to the load and achieving low-cost, high-efficiency, and highly reliable standby-storage separation peak-valley energy storage control.

[0021] Furthermore, when the switching power supply adopts Scheme 1:

[0022] When the external power supply is normal and the electricity price enters the off-peak period: close the AC controlled switch at the front end of the old switching power supply to put the old switching power supply into normal working load state;

[0023] The second controlled switch at the output terminal of the newly added plug-in frame power supply is in the off state, so that the newly added plug-in frame power supply is disconnected from the energy storage battery and the DC load bus.

[0024] Close the first controlled switch at the front end of the backup battery to put the backup battery into normal charging and backup power state;

[0025] Turn on the rectifier module of the newly added power supply frame, and output DC to the set voltage to charge the energy storage battery until it reaches full capacity.

[0026] During off-peak periods, the old switching power supply is closed to carry the load, the second controlled switch is opened to disconnect the energy storage battery from the bus, the first controlled switch is closed to put the backup battery in standby mode, and then the newly added plug-in power supply is turned on to charge the energy storage battery. This achieves independent management of the energy storage battery and the backup battery, avoids the energy storage charging affecting the backup power reliability, and reduces operating costs by storing low-priced electricity during off-peak periods.

[0027] Furthermore, when external power supply is normal and electricity prices enter the off-peak and off-peak period:

[0028] Keep the AC controlled switch at the front end of the old switching power supply in the closed state, so that the old switching power supply is in normal working load state;

[0029] The second controlled switch is kept in the off state, and the newly added plug-in power supply, energy storage battery and load DC bus are disconnected;

[0030] The first controlled switch at the front end of the backup battery is closed, allowing the backup battery to be in normal charging and backup power state.

[0031] If the energy storage battery is not fully charged when transitioning from a low-peak period to a non-peak / non-valley period, it will continue to be charged. If the energy storage battery is not fully charged when transitioning from a peak period to a non-peak / non-valley period, the DC output of the rectifier module of the newly added plug-in power supply will be turned off, so that the energy storage battery is in a static state that is neither charging nor discharging.

[0032] During off-peak and off-peak periods, control is differentiated based on the time of entry (continuous charging during off-peak periods and resting during peak periods) to avoid frequent charging and discharging of energy storage batteries, extend the cycle life of energy storage batteries, and at the same time keep the backup battery in a backup state to ensure power supply reliability.

[0033] Furthermore, when external power supply is normal and electricity prices enter peak periods:

[0034] Disconnect the first controlled switch at the front end of the backup battery;

[0035] Close the second controlled switch;

[0036] Turn on the rectifier module of the newly added power supply frame, output DC and adjust the voltage to the set low voltage value;

[0037] Disconnect the AC controlled switch at the front end of the old switching power supply and turn off the DC output of the old switching power supply. At this time, the energy storage battery is in a discharge state that directly supplies the load.

[0038] During peak periods, the backup battery is disconnected from the bus by disconnecting the first controlled switch, the energy storage battery is connected to the bus by closing the second controlled switch, the output of the newly added plug-in power supply is adjusted to a low voltage value and the old switching power supply is turned off, so that the energy storage battery can be directly connected to the load for discharge, avoiding the standby loss of the old power supply and the bidirectional module switching loss, and reducing the electricity cost during peak periods.

[0039] Furthermore, after a power outage in the external city:

[0040] The newly added monitoring module of the plug-in power supply continues to execute the control logic for the current period, but when there is a power outage during off-peak hours and the backup battery continues to discharge to the set low voltage value, the second controlled switch is closed to turn the energy storage battery into a backup battery.

[0041] When there is a power outage during peak hours and the energy storage battery continues to discharge to the set low voltage value, the first controlled switch is closed to allow the backup battery to continue discharging.

[0042] After a power outage and subsequent restoration of power from outside the city:

[0043] If the backup battery discharges, immediately close the AC controlled switch and the first controlled switch at the front end of the old switching power supply to charge the backup battery. At the same time, disconnect the second controlled switch and start the rectifier module of the newly added plug-in power supply to output the set voltage value to charge the energy storage battery. After the backup battery is fully charged, execute the peak-valley control logic for the current period.

[0044] If the backup battery does not discharge, the monitoring module of the newly added power supply will execute the control logic for the current time period when the power is restored.

[0045] When the mains power fails, the system switches between the energy storage battery and the backup battery based on peak / off-peak periods and switch status to ensure uninterrupted power supply to the load. After the power outage is restored, the system prioritizes the charging of the backup battery before restoring the charging of the energy storage battery to ensure the system's safety strategy of prioritizing backup power. Then, it switches to normal peak and off-peak control to achieve orderly management under all operating conditions.

[0046] Furthermore, when the switching power supply adopts Scheme 2:

[0047] When the external power supply is normal and the electricity price enters the off-peak period: start the switching power supply to output DC to the set voltage, disconnect the first controlled switch between the backup battery and the DC bus, close the second controlled switch between the energy storage battery and the DC bus, and while the switching power supply is under load, quickly charge the energy storage battery until the set voltage is reached. Then close the first controlled switch to allow the backup battery to be connected to the system and put into normal backup power state.

[0048] When the external power supply is normal and the electricity price enters the off-peak and off-peak period: If the period is transitioned from the off-peak period to the off-peak and off-peak period, the control logic at the end of the off-peak period will continue.

[0049] If the electricity price transitions from peak to off-peak period, adjust the switching power supply to the normal set voltage value, disconnect the second controlled switch to put the energy storage battery in a static state that is neither charging nor discharging, and then close the first controlled switch to put the backup battery in normal backup state.

[0050] When the external power supply is normal and the electricity price enters the peak period: disconnect the first controlled switch, and at the same time keep the second controlled switch in the closed state. Adjust the DC output voltage of the switching power supply to the set low voltage value, so that the energy storage battery is in a discharge state that directly supplies the load.

[0051] In a single switching power supply topology, the energy storage battery is quickly charged during off-peak hours before the backup battery is connected. During non-peak and non-off-peak hours, the battery is either continuously charged or left idle depending on the direction of the incoming power. During peak hours, the backup power is disconnected and the switching power supply is adjusted to a low voltage value so that the energy storage battery can be directly discharged. This simplifies the system structure while achieving economical operation of off-peak charging and peak discharging and ensuring the reliability of backup power.

[0052] Furthermore, after a power outage in the external city: if the outage occurs during off-peak hours and the first controlled switch has not yet been closed, the energy storage battery will immediately switch to a backup battery to continuously discharge to the load. When the energy storage battery continues to discharge to the set low voltage value, the first controlled switch must be closed to allow the backup battery to continue to provide backup power.

[0053] If a power outage occurs during off-peak hours and the controlled switch is already closed, the second controlled switch must be immediately disconnected to allow the backup battery to continuously discharge to the load. When the backup battery continues to discharge to the set low voltage value, the second controlled switch must be closed to allow the energy storage battery to switch to backup power.

[0054] If a power outage occurs during peak hours, the current control logic will continue to be executed. When the energy storage battery continues to discharge to the set low voltage value, the first controlled switch will be closed to allow the backup battery to continue discharging.

[0055] For a single switching power supply topology, corresponding energy storage and backup power connection switching strategies are executed under different power outage conditions (first switch not closed during off-peak hours, first switch closed during off-peak hours, and power outage during peak hours) to cover all possible states and ensure that the load power supply is uninterrupted under any operating condition.

[0056] Furthermore, after a power outage and subsequent restoration of external power: the first and second controlled switches are closed in a voltage coordination manner, allowing the switching power supply to charge the backup battery and the energy storage battery to full capacity while under load, and then the peak-valley control logic for the current period is executed.

[0057] After power outages are restored, the backup battery and energy storage battery are charged to full capacity using a voltage coordination method before switching to normal control. This avoids overloading the switching power supply due to simultaneous high-current charging and ensures the safety and orderliness of the restoration process.

[0058] Furthermore, if the energy storage battery adopts a two-charge-two-discharge mode every day, its charging must be differentiated into two periods: the deep valley period and the low valley period. During the deep valley period, full capacity charging is achieved, while during the low valley period, the energy storage battery's SOC only needs to meet the discharge demand of the next peak electricity price period.

[0059] The new plug-in power supply automatically adjusts the charging current limit of the energy storage battery during the set off-peak period to ensure that the energy storage battery can be fully charged during the off-peak period.

[0060] For the daily two-charge-two-discharge mode, the charging current limit of the energy storage battery is automatically adjusted according to the duration of the valley period. This ensures that the battery is fully charged during the valley period and only charged to the SOC required to meet the discharge demand of the next peak period during the off-peak period. This avoids ineffective charging losses, optimizes peak-valley arbitrage benefits, and extends battery life.

[0061] The present invention also provides a communication station backup and storage separation peak and valley energy storage control system, including a switching power supply, a backup battery, an energy storage battery and a control unit. The AC side of the switching power supply is used to connect to the AC mains power, and its DC side is connected to the DC bus to supply power to the communication load.

[0062] The backup battery is connected to the DC bus via a first controlled switch to provide backup power when the mains power is abnormal.

[0063] The energy storage battery is connected to the DC bus via a second controlled switch, and is used to store electrical energy during off-peak periods and release electrical energy to the DC bus during peak periods.

[0064] The control unit is connected to the switching power supply, the first controlled switch and the second controlled switch respectively. The control unit executes the method described in this invention, detects the mains power status and electricity price period, and outputs switch control commands and voltage regulation commands to realize the peak-valley energy storage control of the communication station's backup and storage separation.

[0065] This system executes the aforementioned control method through the monitoring unit to realize the separate controlled access and disconnection of backup batteries and energy storage batteries. The hardware structure is simple, compatible with two topology schemes, the system has low modification cost and strong applicability, and the system loss is reduced by eliminating the bidirectional module.

[0066] Furthermore, the structure of the switching power supply adopts either Scheme 1 or Scheme 2:

[0067] When the old power supply rectifier module and monitoring module are removed and the frame is modified or replaced with a new high-efficiency power supply, and the backup battery and energy storage battery are of the same type with the same charging voltage requirement, and the BMS has the charging current limiting capability: when the efficiency of the old switching power supply rectifier module is ≥95%, and the system current output capability can meet the maximum charging current limit and +load current of the expanded energy storage battery after the system is maximized, the following scheme is adopted: only the original switching power supply rectifier module is expanded, and a backup and storage separation control system is added as the control unit;

[0068] When the efficiency of the old switching power supply rectifier module is less than 95% and the existing system configuration no longer meets the charging current limit and load current of the backup battery, Option 2 is adopted: the old switching power supply is completely modified by inserting the frame. After the modification, there is only one monitoring unit and multiple rectifier modules. The current output capability of the multiple rectifier modules can meet the maximum charging current limit and load current after the energy storage battery is expanded. A backup and storage separation control system is added as the control unit.

[0069] When the old power system is under off-peak load and the BMS of the energy storage battery has charging current limiting capability:

[0070] When the efficiency of the old switching power supply rectifier module is less than 95%, and the existing system configuration meets the current limiting of backup battery charging and load current, Option 1 is adopted: add a new plug-in power supply and connect it to the old switching power supply in parallel with the DC bus, and add a monitoring unit as a control unit.

[0071] When the efficiency of the old switching power supply rectifier module is ≥95%, and the maximum configuration of the existing system after module expansion cannot meet the maximum charging current limit and load current of the expanded energy storage battery, Option 1 is adopted: add a new plug-in power supply and connect it to the old switching power supply in parallel with the DC bus, and add a monitoring unit as a control unit.

[0072] Four specific selection criteria are given. Based on whether the efficiency of the old power supply (≥95% or <95%) and the expansion capacity meet the sum of the maximum charging current limit of the energy storage and the load current, either Scheme 1 or Scheme 2 can be selected respectively to ensure that the most economical and reliable transformation path is adopted in each scenario to maximize asset utilization. Attached Figure Description

[0073] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first scheme of the peak-valley energy storage control system for the communication station backup and storage separation of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of Scheme 2 of the peak-valley energy storage control system for the communication station backup and storage separation of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0075] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0076] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0077] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installation", "connection" and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to mechanical or electrical connections, or internal connections between two components. They can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0078] This invention discloses a peak-valley energy storage control method for communication station backup and storage separation. It flexibly selects two topology schemes (Scheme 1 or Scheme 2) based on the efficiency and output capacity of the existing switching power supply, reducing modification costs and improving system adaptability. The peak-valley energy storage control method for communication station backup and storage separation includes the following steps:

[0079] Obtain the efficiency of the original switching power supply rectifier module, the maximum output current of the existing power supply, and the current output capability of the system after maximizing the expansion of the rectifier module, and determine whether to adopt Scheme 1 or Scheme 2 based on this information.

[0080] When the old power system is under off-peak load and the BMS of the energy storage battery has charging current limiting capability:

[0081] When the efficiency of the rectifier module of the old switching power supply is less than 95% (which can be set as needed), and the existing system configuration meets the current limiting of backup battery charging and load current, Scheme 1 shall be adopted;

[0082] When the efficiency of the rectifier module of the old switching power supply is ≥95%, and the maximum configuration of the existing system after module expansion cannot meet the maximum charging current limit and load current of the expanded energy storage battery, Scheme 1 shall be adopted.

[0083] When the old power rectifier module and monitoring module are removed and the frame is modified or replaced with a new high-efficiency power supply, and the backup battery and energy storage battery are of the same type with consistent charging voltage requirements, and the BMS has charging current limiting capability:

[0084] When the efficiency of the rectifier module of the old switching power supply is ≥95%, and the current output capability of the system can meet the maximum charging current limit (energy storage current limit + backup current limit) and load current after the system maximizes the capacity of the rectifier module, Scheme 2 shall be adopted.

[0085] When the efficiency of the rectifier module of the old switching power supply is less than 95%, and the existing system configuration no longer meets the requirements for backup battery charging current limit and load current, Scheme 2 shall be adopted.

[0086] In Option 1, the switching power supply includes the old switching power supply and the newly added plug-in power supply, and the two are connected in parallel on the DC bus side, with the energy storage battery connected to the newly added plug-in power supply side.

[0087] In Option 2, the switching power supply includes a single switching power supply: an old switching power supply modified by the plug-in frame or a new power supply that has been replaced, and the backup battery and the energy storage battery are respectively connected to the same DC bus through their respective controlled switches.

[0088] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the switching power supply adopts Scheme 1:

[0089] When the external power supply is normal and the electricity price enters the off-peak period: close the AC controlled switch at the front end of the old switching power supply to put the old switching power supply into normal working load state;

[0090] The second controlled switch (controlled switch 2) at the output terminal of the newly added plug-in frame power supply is in the open state, so that the newly added plug-in frame power supply is disconnected from the energy storage battery and the DC load bus;

[0091] Close the first controlled switch (controlled switch 1) at the front end of the backup battery to put the backup battery into normal charging and backup power state.

[0092] Turn on the rectifier module of the newly added power supply frame, and output DC to the set voltage to charge the energy storage battery until it reaches full capacity.

[0093] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the external power supply is normal and the electricity price enters the off-peak and off-peak period:

[0094] Keep the AC controlled switch at the front end of the old switching power supply in the closed state, so that the old switching power supply is in normal working load state;

[0095] The second controlled switch is kept in the open state, and the newly added plug-in power supply, energy storage battery and load (communication load) DC bus are disconnected;

[0096] Set the first controlled switch at the front end of the backup battery (the original backup battery) to the closed state, so that the backup battery is in normal charging and backup power state.

[0097] If the energy storage battery (newly added energy storage battery) is not fully charged when transitioning from a valley period to a non-peak / non-valley period, it will continue to be charged. If the energy storage battery is not fully charged when transitioning from a peak period to a non-peak / non-valley period, the DC output of the rectifier module of the newly added plug-in power supply will be turned off, so that the energy storage battery is in a static state that is neither charging nor discharging.

[0098] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the external power supply is normal and the electricity price enters its peak period:

[0099] Disconnect the first controlled switch at the front end of the backup battery;

[0100] Close the second controlled switch;

[0101] Turn on the rectifier module of the newly added power supply frame, output DC and adjust the voltage to the set low voltage value;

[0102] Disconnect the AC controlled switch at the front end of the old switching power supply and turn off the DC output of the old switching power supply. At this time, the energy storage battery is in a discharge state that directly supplies the load.

[0103] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after a power outage:

[0104] The newly added monitoring module of the plug-in power supply continues to execute the control logic for the current period, but when there is a power outage during off-peak hours and the backup battery continues to discharge to the set low voltage value, the second controlled switch is closed to turn the energy storage battery into a backup battery.

[0105] When there is a power outage during peak hours and the energy storage battery continues to discharge to the set low voltage value, the first controlled switch is closed to allow the backup battery to continue discharging.

[0106] After a power outage and subsequent restoration of power from outside the city:

[0107] If the backup battery discharges, immediately close the AC controlled switch and the first controlled switch at the front end of the old switching power supply to charge the backup battery. At the same time, disconnect the second controlled switch and start the rectifier module of the newly added plug-in power supply to output the set voltage value to charge the energy storage battery. After the backup battery is fully charged, execute the peak-valley control logic for the current period.

[0108] If the backup battery does not discharge, the monitoring module of the newly added power supply will execute the control logic for the current time period when the power is restored.

[0109] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the switching power supply adopts embodiment two:

[0110] When the external power supply is normal and the electricity price enters the off-peak period: start the switching power supply to output DC to the set voltage, disconnect the first controlled switch between the backup battery and the DC bus, close the second controlled switch between the energy storage battery and the DC bus, and while the switching power supply is under load, quickly charge the energy storage battery until the set voltage is reached. Then close the first controlled switch to allow the backup battery to be connected to the system and put into normal backup power state.

[0111] When the external power supply is normal and the electricity price enters the off-peak and off-peak period: If the period is transitioned from the off-peak period to the off-peak and off-peak period, the control logic at the end of the off-peak period will continue.

[0112] If the electricity price transitions from peak to off-peak period, adjust the switching power supply to the normal set voltage value, disconnect the second controlled switch to put the energy storage battery in a static state that is neither charging nor discharging, and then close the first controlled switch to put the backup battery in normal backup state.

[0113] When the external power supply is normal and the electricity price enters the peak period: disconnect the first controlled switch, and at the same time keep the second controlled switch in the closed state. Adjust the DC output voltage of the switching power supply to the set low voltage value, so that the energy storage battery is in a discharge state that directly supplies the load.

[0114] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after a power outage occurs: if the outage occurs during off-peak hours and the first controlled switch has not yet been closed, the energy storage battery immediately transforms into a backup battery to continuously discharge to the load. When the energy storage battery continues to discharge to a set low voltage value, the first controlled switch must be closed to allow the backup battery to continue providing backup power.

[0115] If a power outage occurs during off-peak hours and the controlled switch is already closed, the second controlled switch must be immediately disconnected to allow the backup battery to continuously discharge to the load. When the backup battery continues to discharge to the set low voltage value, the second controlled switch must be closed to allow the energy storage battery to switch to backup power.

[0116] If a power outage occurs during peak hours, the current control logic will continue to be executed. When the energy storage battery continues to discharge to the set low voltage value, the first controlled switch will be closed to allow the backup battery to continue discharging.

[0117] Preferably, after a power outage and subsequent restoration of the external mains power: the first and second controlled switches are closed in a voltage coordination manner, allowing the switching power supply to charge the backup battery and the energy storage battery to full capacity while under load, and then the peak-valley control logic for the current period is executed.

[0118] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, if the energy storage battery adopts a two-charge-two-discharge mode per day, its charging must be divided into two periods: the deep valley period and the low valley period (according to the existing electricity consumption period division). During the deep valley period, full capacity charging is achieved, and during the low valley period, the charging only needs to ensure that the SOC of the energy storage battery meets the discharge demand of the next peak electricity price period (according to the peak interval time and capacity demand).

[0119] The new plug-in power supply automatically adjusts the charging current limit of the energy storage battery during the set off-peak period (calculated based on the off-peak period duration and the capacity of the energy storage battery, charging the energy storage battery to its full capacity during the off-peak period) to ensure that the energy storage battery can be fully charged during the off-peak period.

[0120] This invention also provides a communication station backup and storage separation peak-valley energy storage control system, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a switching power supply, a backup battery, an energy storage battery, and a control unit. The AC side of the switching power supply is used to electrically connect to the AC mains power, and its DC side is connected to the DC bus to supply power to the communication load.

[0121] The backup battery is electrically connected to the DC bus via a first controlled switch to provide backup power in case of mains power failure.

[0122] The energy storage battery is electrically connected to the DC bus via a second controlled switch, and is used to store electrical energy during off-peak electricity price periods and release electrical energy to the DC bus during peak electricity price periods.

[0123] The control unit is electrically connected to the switching power supply, the first controlled switch and the second controlled switch respectively. The control unit executes the method described in this invention, detects the mains power status and electricity price period, and outputs switch control commands and voltage regulation commands to realize the peak-valley energy storage control of the communication station's backup and storage separation.

[0124] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the switching power supply adopts either embodiment one or embodiment two:

[0125] When the old power rectifier module and monitoring module are removed and the frame is modified or replaced with a new high-efficiency power supply, and the backup battery and energy storage battery are of the same type with consistent charging voltage requirements, and the BMS has charging current limiting capability:

[0126] When the efficiency of the rectifier module of the old switching power supply is ≥95%, and the system current output capability can meet the maximum charging current limit and +load current of the expanded energy storage battery after the system is maximized, the second option is adopted: only expand the rectifier module of the original switching power supply, and add a backup and storage separation control system as the control unit (an additional MCU).

[0127] When the efficiency of the old switching power supply rectifier module is less than 95% and the existing system configuration no longer meets the charging current limit and load current of the backup battery, Option 2 is adopted: the old switching power supply is completely modified by inserting the frame. After the modification, there is only one monitoring unit and multiple rectifier modules. The current output capability of the multiple rectifier modules can meet the maximum charging current limit and load current after the energy storage battery is expanded. A backup and storage separation control system is added as the control unit.

[0128] When the old power system is under off-peak load and the BMS of the energy storage battery has charging current limiting capability:

[0129] When the efficiency of the old switching power supply rectifier module is less than 95%, and the existing system configuration meets the current limiting of backup battery charging and load current, Option 1 is adopted: add a new plug-in power supply and connect it to the old switching power supply in parallel with the DC bus, and add a monitoring unit as a control unit.

[0130] When the efficiency of the old switching power supply rectifier module is ≥95%, and the maximum configuration of the existing system after module expansion cannot meet the maximum charging current limit and load current of the expanded energy storage battery, Option 1 is adopted: add a new plug-in power supply and connect it to the old switching power supply in parallel with the DC bus, and add a monitoring unit as a control unit.

[0131] This invention eliminates the need for a bidirectional power module at the front end of the energy storage battery and instead uses a high-efficiency plug-in power supply to charge the battery directly during off-peak electricity periods. During peak electricity periods, the battery is directly connected to the load for discharge. This reduces stage-one losses during both charging and discharging, saves on the cost of the bidirectional power module, reduces AC-DC conversion losses during battery expansion from an older power source, and reduces standby losses of the older power source during battery discharge during peak electricity periods. This solution is the lowest-cost and most energy-efficient option for a peak-valley energy storage system with separate backup and storage.

[0132] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative examples of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the technology of the present invention or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0133] In the embodiments of this application, terms such as "fixed," "fixed connection," and "fixed connection" refer to common fixing methods in the prior art, such as welding, riveting, and screws. "Rotary connection" refers to common rotary connection methods in the prior art, such as hinges and bearing rotation. If electrical components are provided, the functions, control, and power supply methods of all electrical components are common technical means in the prior art. This application has not improved them and they are not within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, this application will not elaborate on them.

[0134] Furthermore, the selection of materials and strength limitations for all components in this application can be made and arranged by those skilled in the art based on the site environment and the requirements of relevant national or industry standards, and are not within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, this application will not elaborate on these points.

Claims

1. A communication station backup peak-valley energy storage control method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Obtain the efficiency of the original switching power supply rectifier module, the maximum output current of the existing power supply, and the current output capability of the system after maximizing the expansion of the rectifier module, and determine whether to adopt Scheme 1 or Scheme 2 based on this information. When the old power system is under off-peak load and the BMS of the energy storage battery has charging current limiting capability: When the efficiency of the rectifier module of the old switching power supply is less than 95%, and the existing system configuration meets the current limiting of backup battery charging and load current, Scheme 1 shall be adopted. When the efficiency of the rectifier module of the old switching power supply is ≥95%, and the maximum configuration of the existing system after module expansion cannot meet the maximum charging current limit and load current of the expanded energy storage battery, Scheme 1 shall be adopted. When the old power rectifier module and monitoring module are removed and the frame is modified or replaced with a new high-efficiency power supply, and the backup battery and energy storage battery are of the same type with consistent charging voltage requirements, and the BMS has charging current limiting capability: When the efficiency of the rectifier module of the old switching power supply is ≥95%, and the current output capability of the system can meet the maximum charging current limit and load current of the expanded energy storage battery after the system is maximized, Scheme 2 is adopted. When the efficiency of the rectifier module of the old switching power supply is less than 95%, and the existing system configuration no longer meets the requirements for backup battery charging current limit and load current, Scheme 2 shall be adopted. In Option 1, the switching power supply includes the old switching power supply and the newly added plug-in power supply, and the two are connected in parallel on the DC bus side, with the energy storage battery connected to the newly added plug-in power supply side. In Option 2, the switching power supply includes a single switching power supply: an old switching power supply modified by the plug-in frame or a new power supply that has been replaced, and the backup battery and the energy storage battery are respectively connected to the same DC bus through their respective controlled switches.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: When the switching power supply adopts Scheme 1: When the external power supply is normal and the electricity price enters the off-peak period: close the AC controlled switch at the front end of the old switching power supply to put the old switching power supply into normal working load state; The second controlled switch at the output terminal of the newly added plug-in frame power supply is in the off state, so that the newly added plug-in frame power supply is disconnected from the energy storage battery and the DC load bus. Close the first controlled switch at the front end of the backup battery to put the backup battery into normal charging and backup power state; Turn on the rectifier module of the newly added power supply frame, and output DC to the set voltage to charge the energy storage battery until it reaches full capacity.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the method further comprises: When the external power supply is normal and the electricity price enters the off-peak period: Keep the AC controlled switch at the front end of the old switching power supply in the closed state, so that the old switching power supply is in normal working load state; The second controlled switch is kept in the off state, and the newly added plug-in power supply, energy storage battery and load DC bus are disconnected; The first controlled switch at the front end of the backup battery is closed, allowing the backup battery to be in normal charging and backup power state. If the energy storage battery is not fully charged when transitioning from a low-peak period to a non-peak / non-valley period, it will continue to be charged. If the energy storage battery is not fully charged when transitioning from a peak period to a non-peak / non-valley period, the DC output of the rectifier module of the newly added plug-in power supply will be turned off, so that the energy storage battery is in a static state that is neither charging nor discharging.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein the method further comprises: When the external power supply is normal and electricity prices are at their peak: Disconnect the first controlled switch at the front end of the backup battery; Close the second controlled switch; Turn on the rectifier module of the newly added power supply frame, output DC and adjust the voltage to the set low voltage value; Disconnect the AC controlled switch at the front end of the old switching power supply and turn off the DC output of the old switching power supply. At this time, the energy storage battery is in a discharge state that directly supplies the load.

5. The communication station backup and storage separation peak-valley energy storage control method according to claim 2, characterized in that, After the power outage from outside the city: The newly added monitoring module of the plug-in power supply continues to execute the control logic for the current period, but when there is a power outage during off-peak hours and the backup battery continues to discharge to the set low voltage value, the second controlled switch is closed to turn the energy storage battery into a backup battery. When there is a power outage during peak hours and the energy storage battery continues to discharge to the set low voltage value, the first controlled switch is closed to allow the backup battery to continue discharging. After a power outage and subsequent restoration of power from outside the city: If the backup battery discharges, immediately close the AC controlled switch and the first controlled switch at the front end of the old switching power supply to charge the backup battery. At the same time, disconnect the second controlled switch and start the rectifier module of the newly added plug-in power supply to output the set voltage value to charge the energy storage battery. After the backup battery is fully charged, execute the peak-valley control logic for the current period. If the backup battery does not discharge, the monitoring module of the newly added power supply will execute the control logic for the current time period when the power is restored.

6. The peak-valley energy storage control method for communication station backup and storage separation according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the switching power supply adopts Scheme 2: When the external power supply is normal and the electricity price enters the off-peak period: start the switching power supply to output DC to the set voltage, disconnect the first controlled switch between the backup battery and the DC bus, close the second controlled switch between the energy storage battery and the DC bus, and while the switching power supply is under load, quickly charge the energy storage battery until the set voltage is reached. Then close the first controlled switch to allow the backup battery to be connected to the system and put into normal backup power state. When the external power supply is normal and the electricity price enters the off-peak and off-peak period: If the period is transitioned from the off-peak period to the off-peak and off-peak period, the control logic at the end of the off-peak period will continue. If the electricity price transitions from peak to off-peak period, adjust the switching power supply to the normal set voltage value, disconnect the second controlled switch to put the energy storage battery in a static state that is neither charging nor discharging, and then close the first controlled switch to put the backup battery in normal backup state. When the external power supply is normal and the electricity price enters the peak period: disconnect the first controlled switch, and at the same time keep the second controlled switch in the closed state. Adjust the DC output voltage of the switching power supply to the set low voltage value, so that the energy storage battery is in a discharge state that directly supplies the load.

7. The communication station backup and storage separation peak-valley energy storage control method according to claim 6, characterized in that, After a power outage occurs outside the mains: If the outage occurs during off-peak hours and the first controlled switch has not yet been closed, the energy storage battery will immediately switch to a backup battery to continuously discharge to the load. When the energy storage battery continues to discharge to the set low voltage value, the first controlled switch must be closed to allow the backup battery to take over the backup power. If a power outage occurs during off-peak hours and the controlled switch is already closed, the second controlled switch must be immediately disconnected to allow the backup battery to continuously discharge to the load. When the backup battery continues to discharge to the set low voltage value, the second controlled switch must be closed to allow the energy storage battery to switch to backup power. If a power outage occurs during peak hours, the current control logic will continue to be executed. When the energy storage battery continues to discharge to the set low voltage value, the first controlled switch will be closed to allow the backup battery to continue discharging.

8. The communication station backup and storage separation peak-valley energy storage control method according to claim 7, characterized in that, After a power outage and subsequent restoration of external power: The first and second controlled switches are closed in a voltage coordination manner, allowing the switching power supply to charge the backup battery and energy storage battery to full capacity while under load, and then the peak-valley control logic for the current period is executed.

9. The peak-valley energy storage control method for communication station backup and storage separation according to claim 1, characterized in that, If the energy storage battery adopts a two-charge-two-discharge mode every day, its charging must be divided into two periods: the deep valley period and the low valley period. During the deep valley period, the battery is fully charged, and during the low valley period, the battery's SOC only needs to meet the discharge demand of the next peak electricity price period. The new plug-in power supply automatically adjusts the charging current limit of the energy storage battery during the set off-peak period to ensure that the energy storage battery can be fully charged during the off-peak period.

10. A peak-valley energy storage control system for communication station backup and storage separation, characterized in that, It includes a switching power supply, a backup battery, an energy storage battery, and a control unit. The AC side of the switching power supply is used to connect to the AC mains power, and its DC side is connected to the DC bus to supply power to the communication load. The backup battery is connected to the DC bus via a first controlled switch to provide backup power when the mains power is abnormal. The energy storage battery is connected to the DC bus via a second controlled switch, and is used to store electrical energy during off-peak periods and release electrical energy to the DC bus during peak periods. The control unit is connected to the switching power supply, the first controlled switch and the second controlled switch respectively. The control unit executes the method described in any one of claims 1-9, detects the mains power status and electricity price period, and outputs switch control commands and voltage regulation commands to realize the peak-valley energy storage control of the communication station's backup and storage separation.

11. The communication station backup and storage separation peak-valley energy storage control system according to claim 10, characterized in that, The switching power supply adopts either Scheme 1 or Scheme 2: When the old power rectifier module and monitoring module are removed and the frame is modified or replaced with a new high-efficiency power supply, and the backup battery and energy storage battery are of the same type with consistent charging voltage requirements, and the BMS has charging current limiting capability: When the efficiency of the rectifier module of the old switching power supply is ≥95% and the system current output capability can meet the maximum charging current limit and +load current of the expanded energy storage battery after the rectifier module is maximized, the second option is adopted: only expand the rectifier module of the original switching power supply and add a backup and storage separation control system as the control unit. When the efficiency of the old switching power supply rectifier module is less than 95% and the existing system configuration no longer meets the charging current limit and load current of the backup battery, Option 2 is adopted: the old switching power supply is completely modified by inserting the frame. After the modification, there is only one monitoring unit and multiple rectifier modules. The current output capability of the multiple rectifier modules can meet the maximum charging current limit and load current after the expansion of the energy storage battery. A backup and storage separation control system is added as the control unit. When the old power system is under off-peak load and the BMS of the energy storage battery has charging current limiting capability: When the efficiency of the old switching power supply rectifier module is less than 95%, and the existing system configuration meets the current limiting of backup battery charging and load current, Option 1 is adopted: add a new plug-in power supply and connect it to the old switching power supply in parallel with the DC bus, and add a monitoring unit as a control unit. When the overall efficiency of the old switching power supply module is ≥95%, and the maximum configuration of the existing system after module expansion cannot meet the maximum charging current limit and load current of the expanded energy storage battery, Option 1 is adopted: add a new plug-in power supply and connect it to the old switching power supply in parallel with the DC bus, and add a monitoring unit as a control unit.

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