Distributed green electricity energy completely independent power supply system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of distributed green electric energy complete independent power supply system, to solve the problem that existing city building microgrid depends on power grid, lithium battery energy storage period is short, city low wind speed environment wind energy utilization rate is low and equipment safety hidden danger is big.System includes: wind and light composite power generation unit is set on the top of building, which adopts closed type low wind speed wind power generation system (start wind speed 1-2 m / s) and photovoltaic module integrated three-dimensional integration;Hydrogen production and storage unit is used to produce hydrogen energy storage by electrolytic water method using surplus electricity;Hydrogen fuel power generation system is used to generate electricity to supplement when wind and light are insufficient;And intelligent control unit.The application realizes complete physical isolation with public power grid through "generation-storage-use" closed loop control, builds high-rise building exclusive independent microgrid, uses hydrogen energy long-time energy storage characteristics to smooth wind and light fluctuation, while ensuring the safety of city building power supply and zero carbon operation, maximizes the use of limited roof resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of distributed power supply technology for new energy sources, and in particular to a distributed green energy power supply system suitable for urban high-rise buildings that is completely independent of the public power grid. Background Technology

[0002] Wind-solar hybrid microgrid technology has seen some application in the building sector. However, existing building microgrids generally suffer from the following drawbacks:

[0003] First, it relies heavily on grid connection as a backup power source, making it impossible to achieve truly independent operation, and it cannot guarantee power supply when grid power is interrupted;

[0004] Secondly, batteries are usually used as the energy storage medium, but due to limitations in temperature, cycle life and capacity, they are difficult to meet the long-term peak shaving and cross-period energy storage needs of buildings.

[0005] Third, conventional wind turbines in urban environments have problems such as high starting wind speed, poor safety (exposed blades), and high noise, making them unsuitable for installation on building rooftops;

[0006] Fourth, the existing system has failed to effectively integrate wind and solar power generation, water electrolysis for hydrogen production, hydrogen energy storage, and hydrogen power generation into a fully self-consistent closed-loop microgrid.

[0007] Fifth, in traditional wind-solar hybrid power supply systems, the wind turbine and photovoltaic power generation components are structurally independent, and the photovoltaic panels occupy a large area, making it impossible to effectively utilize the physical space of the rooftop.

[0008] Therefore, there is a need for a green energy supply system that can overcome the above-mentioned defects, is suitable for deployment in high-rise buildings, and can operate completely independently. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a distributed green energy completely independent power supply system, which utilizes the roof space of high-rise buildings to arrange enclosed low-wind-speed wind turbines and photovoltaic modules to form a wind-solar complementary power generation system. Surplus electricity is electrolyzed with water to produce hydrogen for storage. When the power supply is insufficient, the hydrogen fuel power generation device supplements the power. The system is completely independent of the public power grid, realizing a closed-loop power supply for the building load to generate, store, and use its own power.

[0010] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a fully independent distributed green energy power supply system, comprising:

[0011] ＊ Wind-solar hybrid power generation unit: installed on the roof of the building, including a closed wind power generation system and integrated photovoltaic power generation modules, used to generate electricity;

[0012] ＊Wind-solar confluence and energy management unit: Electrically connected to the wind-solar hybrid power generation unit, used to combine the electrical energy output from the wind-solar hybrid power generation unit and modulate it into standard electrical energy for the building's local load and hydrogen production and storage systems.

[0013] ＊ Hydrogen production and storage unit: Electrically connected to the wind-solar power integration and energy management unit, it is configured to produce and store hydrogen using surplus electrical energy through water electrolysis.

[0014] ＊ Hydrogen fuel cell power generation system: connected to the gas path of the hydrogen production and storage unit, used to convert stored hydrogen into electrical energy when the power supply of the wind and solar power generation unit is insufficient;

[0015] ＊ Short-range power transmission and distribution electronic system: It is electrically connected to each functional unit module of the entire system and is used to distribute electrical energy to the local load of the building and the power supply of each functional unit module;

[0016] ＊ Intelligent control unit: It communicates with each functional unit module of the entire system and is used to perform power scheduling and multi-energy, multi-functional collaborative control of each functional unit module of the entire system.

[0017] The overall system is disconnected from the external public power grid through electrical isolation devices, forming a closed-loop microgrid that provides completely independent power supply to the building's local loads.

[0018] Furthermore, the main body of the wind turbine and blades of the enclosed wind power generation system is covered by a shell or shroud. The starting wind speed is 1-2 m / s, which is suitable for operation in the light wind environment on the top of urban high-rise buildings. For its specific structure, please refer to the structures described in the applicant's separate patent applications entitled "A Wind Energy Directional Rectifier and Wind Power Conversion Device" (application number: 202610010212.0) and "A Multi-layer Tower Wind Power Generation System" (patent application number: 202620827343.3). These are cited in conjunction with the patents mentioned above and will not be repeated here.

[0019] Furthermore, photovoltaic power generation modules are installed on the top of the tower or in the surrounding empty area of ​​the enclosed wind power generation system, and are connected in parallel with the wind power generation system to form a compact integrated wind and solar power arrangement.

[0020] Furthermore, the hydrogen production and storage unit includes a water electrolysis hydrogen production device and a hydrogen storage device; the water electrolysis hydrogen production device can be an alkaline electrolyzer, a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, an anion exchange membrane electrolyzer, or a solid oxide electrolyzer, etc., and the hydrogen storage device can be a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, a solid hydrogen storage device, or a liquid hydrogen storage device. This invention does not limit the specific type of electrolyzer or the hydrogen storage method.

[0021] Furthermore, the intelligent control unit is configured as follows: when the real-time power generation of the wind-solar hybrid power generation unit is greater than the local load demand of the building, the surplus power is controlled to drive the hydrogen production and storage unit to produce and store hydrogen; when the real-time power generation is less than the local load demand of the building, the hydrogen production and storage unit is controlled to supply hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel cell system to supplement the power shortage through power generation; when the power generation far exceeds the hydrogen production start-up threshold and the hydrogen production and storage unit has reached full load, the energy excess load overload protection mechanism is activated, and the surplus capacity is extended to other application scenarios in the form of hydrogen.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: (1) The system is completely independent and not connected to the grid. Through long-term hydrogen energy storage and wind-solar complementarity, the building energy self-circulation and zero-carbon operation are achieved, and the power supply reliability is high; (2) The closed low wind speed wind power generation system is safe and concealed, and the starting wind speed is low, which is suitable for urban building environment; (3) The photovoltaic modules are set on the top of the closed wind power generation system tower or the empty space of the main structure, which is a highly integrated structure. This not only maximizes the use of the roof space, but also uses the circulating airflow of the wind turbines on the top of the wind power generation system tower and the surrounding area of ​​the main structure to cool down the photovoltaic modules, stabilize the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic modules, and extend the service life of the photovoltaic modules; (4) Using water electrolysis to produce hydrogen as an energy storage means overcomes the life and capacity limitations of lithium batteries and can achieve cross-day and cross-season peak regulation; (5) The intelligent control unit dynamically schedules the power generation, hydrogen storage and load based on real-time power generation, hydrogen storage and load, smooths wind and solar fluctuations, and improves system stability and green electricity utilization rate; Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall layout of an embodiment of the fully independent distributed green energy power supply system of the present invention. The markings in the diagram are as follows: 20-Wind-solar hybrid power generation unit; 21-Photovoltaic power generation module; 22-Closed or semi-closed wind power generation system; 23-Wind-solar convergence and energy management unit; 30-Hydrogen production and storage system; 40-Hydrogen fuel cell power generation system (hydrogen fuel internal combustion engine or hydrogen fuel cell power generation system); 50-Short-range transmission and distribution system; 60-Building local load; Figure 1 In China, both enclosed or semi-enclosed wind power generation electronic systems and enclosed wind power generation electronic systems use the same number "22" for designation. Figure 1 In the middle, double-lined arrows indicate the energy flow between the various functional units of the entire system;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent control system logic control of an embodiment of the fully independent power supply system for distributed green energy of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1As shown, an embodiment of the distributed green energy fully independent power supply system of the present invention includes a wind-solar hybrid power generation unit 20; a wind-solar confluence and energy management unit 23; a hydrogen production and storage system 30; a hydrogen fuel cell power generation system 40; a short-range power transmission and distribution system 50; and an intelligent control unit 31.

[0026] The wind-solar hybrid power generation unit 20 is located on the top of a high-rise building and consists of a closed wind power generation system 22 and photovoltaic power generation modules 21. The closed wind power generation system 22 is a closed micro-wind power generation system with a structure described in the applicant's patent applications entitled "A Wind Energy Directional Rectifier and Wind Power Conversion Device" and "A Multi-layer Tower Wind Power Generation System." The wind turbine and blades are covered by a shell or shroud. The starting wind speed is 1-2 m / s, suitable for urban environments. The photovoltaic power generation modules 21 are installed in the vacant area at the top of the wind power generation system 22 tower, forming a compact integrated wind-solar structure. They are connected in parallel with the wind power generation system 22 and then connected to the wind-solar convergence and energy management unit 23.

[0027] The wind-solar convergence and energy management unit 23 modulates the different waveforms of the current output from the wind-solar composite power generation unit 20—converges—modulates, and organizes them into 380 / 220V universal standard AC power, which is preferentially supplied to the local building load 60 through the short-range power transmission and distribution system 50.

[0028] When the power required by the building's local load 60 is less than the current power output of the wind-solar hybrid power generation unit 20, the intelligent control unit 31 determines that there is surplus electrical energy. It then controls this surplus electrical energy to be sent to the hydrogen production and storage system 30 via the short-range power transmission and distribution system 50 for water electrolysis to produce hydrogen. The water electrolysis hydrogen production device can be one of an alkaline electrolyzer (AWE), a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer (PEM), an anion exchange membrane electrolyzer (AEM), or a solid oxide electrolyzer (SOEC). The hydrogen storage device can be a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, a solid-state hydrogen storage device, or a cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage container; this invention does not limit the specific type. When the hydrogen production and storage system 30 has reached its maximum power but still has excess electrical energy, the extra hydrogen produced can be stored separately as energy for other loads or sold directly as a raw material for commercial hydrogen production.

[0029] When the power required by the building's local load 60 is greater than the current power generation of the wind-solar hybrid power generation unit 20, and the hydrogen production and storage system 30 has available hydrogen, the intelligent control unit 31 controls the hydrogen production and storage system 30 to supply hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system 40. The hydrogen fuel cell power generation system 40 can be a hydrogen fuel cell power generation device or a hydrogen internal combustion engine power generation device (burning hydrogen to convert the thermochemical energy of hydrogen into electrical energy), and is supplied to the building's local load 60 through the short-range power transmission and distribution system 50.

[0030] The entire system is physically disconnected from the city's public power distribution network via disconnect switches or circuit breakers, and is not connected to the external public power grid, forming a closed-loop microgrid that provides completely independent power supply to the building's local load.

[0031] I. Overall System Layout

[0032] The main body of the high-rise building serves as a vertical wind tower carrier, significantly increasing the wind speed flowing above it. The wind power generation system is located on the top of the building and is integrated with the building structure. By integrating enclosed or semi-enclosed cavity-type wind power generation devices and photovoltaic power generation modules into the upper vacant area of ​​the wind power generation system, a three-dimensional integrated wind and solar power generation system is formed.

[0033] II. Energy Management Logic

[0034] The electricity generated by wind and solar power is prioritized for supplying local loads within the building; surplus electricity powers a water electrolysis system to produce and store hydrogen. When wind and solar power output is insufficient or during nighttime hours, the system automatically switches to the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system, using the stored hydrogen to generate electricity and ensure continuous power supply to the building.

[0035] III. Intelligent Control

[0036] The overall system's various functional modules enable intelligent control through multi-energy scheduling, allocation, and coordinated control via a microcontroller or PLC connected to a computer.

[0037] IV. Independent Operation Mode

[0038] This system is directly connected to the building's internal loads through a short-range power transmission and distribution network, and disconnected from the city's public power grid through electrical isolation devices, enabling the self-production, self-storage, and self-use of energy, thus forming an independent and complete distributed green energy system.

[0039] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. All equivalent changes or improvements made based on the concept of the present invention (i.e., using essentially the same technical means, achieving essentially the same functions, and reaching essentially the same effects, and which are obvious to those skilled in the art, substitutions or modifications) fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Furthermore, the application scenarios of the present invention are not limited to independent power supply systems for high-rise buildings in cities. The technical concepts of the present invention can be practically applied to scenarios far from the public power distribution network where load units require independent power supply (such as remote mountainous areas, islands, deserts, Gobi deserts, border outposts, etc.). In addition, large-scale and ultra-large-scale distributed green energy clusters can be constructed through the modular combination of multiple independent power supply units to achieve unified scheduling of energy distribution and layout.

Claims

1. A fully independent distributed green energy power supply system, characterized in that: include: Wind-solar hybrid power generation unit (20): Installed on the roof of the building to generate electricity. The wind-solar hybrid power generation unit (20) includes a closed or semi-closed wind power generation system (22) and photovoltaic power generation components (21) integrated therewith to form wind-solar complementary power generation; Wind-solar convergence and energy management unit (23): Electrically connected to the wind-solar hybrid power generation unit (20), modulates the electricity generated by the wind-solar hybrid power generation unit (20) into the building's local load (60) and the standard electricity of the hydrogen production and storage system (30); Hydrogen production and storage system (30): Electrically connected to the wind-solar convergence and energy management unit (23), converts the modulated surplus electricity generated by the wind-solar hybrid power generation unit (20) into hydrogen through water electrolysis. Hydrogen is extracted and stored; Hydrogen fuel power generation system (40): connected to the hydrogen production and storage unit (30) gas path, used to convert the stored hydrogen into electrical energy when the power supply of the wind and solar power generation unit (20) is insufficient; Short-range transmission and distribution system (50): electrically connected to each functional unit module of the whole system, used to distribute electrical energy to the building local load (60) and the power supply of each functional unit module; Intelligent control unit (31): communicates with each functional unit module of the whole system, used for power scheduling and multi-energy, multi-function collaborative control; The whole system is disconnected from the external public power grid through an electrical isolation device, forming a closed-loop microgrid that provides completely independent power supply to the building local load (60).

2. The fully independent distributed green energy power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body of the wind turbine and blades of the enclosed or semi-enclosed wind power generation system is covered by a shell or shroud, and the starting wind speed is 1 to 2 m / s, which is suitable for operation in the light wind environment on the top of urban high-rise buildings.

3. The fully independent distributed green energy power supply system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The photovoltaic power generation module is installed on the top of the enclosed or semi-enclosed wind power generation system tower or in the surrounding open area of ​​the main structure, forming a compact and integrated structure with the wind power generation system, and outputting electrical energy in parallel with the wind power generation system.

4. The fully independent distributed green energy power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen production and storage unit includes a water electrolysis hydrogen production device and a hydrogen storage device, wherein the hydrogen storage device is one or more of a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, a solid hydrogen storage device, or a liquid hydrogen storage device.

5. The fully independent distributed green energy power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen fuel power generation system is a hydrogen fuel cell power generation device or a hydrogen internal combustion engine power generation device, or an equivalent device.

6. The fully independent distributed green energy power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent control unit is configured to: when the real-time power generation of the wind-solar hybrid power generation unit is greater than the local load demand of the building, control the surplus power to drive the hydrogen production and storage unit to produce and store hydrogen; when the real-time power generation of the wind-solar hybrid power generation unit is less than the local load demand of the building, control the hydrogen production and storage unit to supply gas to the hydrogen fuel cell system to generate electricity to supplement the power.

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