A nutritional functional package for substandard piglets and a preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of feed, especially to a kind of nutritional functional package for substandard pig and its preparation method and application;Nutritional functional package, component includes by weight fraction: intestinal repair component 2.2-4 parts, trace nutrient fortification component 1.1-3.8 parts, Chinese herbal medicine and immune regulation component 4.65-10.5 parts, digestible protein peptide and limiting amino acid component 62-80 parts, functional fat and sugar source component 10-30 parts.The nutritional functional package of the present application uses the synergistic formula of "five-in-one", can repair damaged intestinal mucosa, supplement efficient micronutrients, regulate spleen and stomach and immune function, supply digestible protein peptide and limiting amino acid, strengthen functional fat and sugar source, comprehensively repair the intestinal villus dysplasia or damaged substandard pig and lead to digestive absorption disorder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of feed, and more particularly to a nutritional functional package for defective or lagging pigs, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] In large-scale pig farming, factors such as unbalanced nutrition during sow gestation, weaning stress in piglets, disease infections (such as diarrhea and parasitic diseases), and improper feeding management often lead to some pigs growing significantly slower than the average of their batch, resulting in so-called "substandard laggard pigs." These pigs are characterized by: low feed intake or difficulty obtaining food, poor feed conversion ratio, rough and dull coat, pale or wrinkled skin, distended abdomen and emaciated back (appearing as "pointed at both ends"), poor skeletal development, low immunity, and slow growth. From an economic perspective, continuing to feed them conventional feed not only fails to generate economic returns but also wastes feed and occupies pen resources; therefore, they are called "worthless pigs" or "substandard pigs." Currently, the most common method for dealing with these pigs is direct culling, causing certain economic losses to pig farms.

[0003] Patent CN114392267A discloses a combination preparation for rapid recovery and fattening of stunted pigs, comprising cytokinin, compound vitamins, calcium pantothenate, compound amino acids, butaphosphatidylcholine, inositol, and chromium propionate. This preparation is said to enhance hormone-related metabolism, promote the metabolism and synthesis of sugars, lipids, and proteins, and improve digestion and absorption, thereby promoting the recovery of stunted pigs to normal growth. However, cytokinin is not listed in the legal additive or drug catalog, and exogenous supplementation of hormone components may produce negative hormonal feedback, thus affecting the efficacy. Furthermore, the amino acid composition in this embodiment includes lysine, methionine, threonine, and arginine, but the effective proportion of lysine is as low as 2 parts / 13.4 parts, and the usage is only 5% (10 ml). Therefore, it is inferred that the nutritional function of amino acids is very limited and insufficient to produce a significant improvement in production performance due to their use.

[0004] Patent CN119404965A discloses a compound preparation for improving the physical condition of stunted animals and its preparation method. This invention mainly uses an emulsion prepared from vitamin E, lactobacillus, bile acids, xylanase, B vitamins, butaphosphatidylcholine, taurine, lysine, levamisole hydrochloride, soybean oil, gelatin, paraffin, etc., to supplement nutrition, regulate immunity, and improve intestinal flora balance. This invention belongs to veterinary medicine and is administered by diluting 100ml of the solution with 8kg of water. However, this method has several drawbacks. First, the supplemented nutrients are very limited, and feeding via drinking water can lead to waste and unstable daily intake. This may result in insignificant differences in weight gain. Second, this method of administering the medicine via water is labor-intensive and cumbersome, which may affect the enthusiasm of the feeders and may not be suitable for large-scale feeding and application.

[0005] CN102090506B discloses a compound traditional Chinese medicine additive for promoting the growth of stunted pigs and its preparation method. It mainly employs traditional Chinese veterinary medicine technology, using ingredients such as Astragalus membranaceus, Codonopsis pilosula, Pulsatilla chinensis, trace elements, vitamins, amino acids, and chlortetracycline. The formula primarily uses traditional Chinese medicine as its main components, with 380.54 mg of trace elements and 24 g of amino acids, totaling approximately 38 kg. Therefore, the proportions of trace elements and amino acids are negligible. The patent uses a dosage of 0.5%, which is a large amount. The bitter taste of the traditional Chinese medicine could negatively impact the feed intake of pigs with sensitive taste buds. Furthermore, the chlortetracycline used in this patent is prohibited from use in feed by feed companies.

[0006] While existing technologies offer herbal additives or feed additives for "stunted pigs," most suffer from limitations such as single-formulation, incomplete mechanisms of action, and insufficient targeting. These fail to comprehensively address the multiple physiological disorders faced by underperforming or lagging pigs—including gastrointestinal dysfunction, micronutrient deficiencies, impaired protein synthesis, low energy utilization efficiency, and immunosuppression. Therefore, developing a comprehensive nutritional package that can fully regulate the physiological functions of underperforming or lagging pigs, repair intestinal damage, supplement key micronutrients, promote protein synthesis, and enhance immunity has significant practical and economic value. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a nutritional functional package for defective or straggling pigs that can comprehensively regulate the physiological functions of defective or straggling pigs, repair intestinal damage, supplement key trace elements, promote protein synthesis, and enhance immunity, as well as its preparation method and application.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] The first aspect of the present invention is to provide a nutritional functional package for defective or lagging pigs, comprising, by weight: 2.2-4 parts of intestinal repair component, 1.1-3.8 parts of micronutrient fortification component, 4.65-10.5 parts of traditional Chinese medicine and immune conditioning component, 62-80 parts of easily digestible protein peptides and limiting amino acid component, and 10-30 parts of functional fat and glycogen component.

[0010] Preferably, the intestinal repair component includes at least one of sodium butyrate and glutamine.

[0011] Preferably, the micronutrient fortification component includes at least one of: small peptide iron, chromium pyridinecarboxylate, and yeast selenium.

[0012] Preferably, the herbal medicines and immune-regulating components include at least one of the following: hawthorn powder, compound plant essential oil, yeast hydrolysate, fungal culture, and cordyceps-based culture.

[0013] More preferably, the compound plant essential oil includes at least one of cinnamaldehyde, lemon essential oil, and pine needle essential oil.

[0014] More preferably, the fungal culture includes at least one of Kluyveromyces martensii and Antrodia camphorata culture.

[0015] Preferably, the easily digestible protein peptides and limiting amino acid components include: enzymatically hydrolyzed intestinal membrane protein peptides and lysine hydrochloride.

[0016] Preferably, the functional fat and sugar source components include: functional phospholipid powder and biscuit powder.

[0017] A second aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned nutritional functional package, comprising the steps of:

[0018] S1. Hawthorn powder, fungal culture and cordyceps-based culture are mixed and then ultra-finely pulverized. After passing through a 100-200 mesh sieve, they are mixed with compound plant essential oil and yeast hydrolysate to obtain traditional Chinese medicine and immune-regulating components.

[0019] S2. Add the intestinal repair component, micronutrient fortification component, the Chinese herbal medicine and immune conditioning component, easily digestible protein peptide and limiting amino acid component, and functional fat and sugar component into a mixer and mix at 15-25 r / min for 10-15 min. After mixing, remove and package to obtain the nutritional functional package.

[0020] A third aspect of the present invention is to provide an application of the above-mentioned nutritional functional package in improving the growth performance of substandard or lagging pigs, the steps of which include: adding the nutritional functional package to the basal diet at a ratio of 3-5% and feeding it continuously for 20-30 days as a conditioning cycle; the substandard or lagging pigs include at least one of the following: stunted pigs, legless pigs, iron pigs, mixed-haired pigs, and mangy pigs.

[0021] The present invention adopts the above technical solution and has the following technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0022] The nutritional functional package of this invention adopts a synergistic "five-in-one" formula, which can repair damaged intestinal mucosa, supplement highly efficient micronutrients, regulate spleen and stomach and immune function, supply easily digestible protein peptides and limiting amino acids, and enhance functional fats and sugar sources, thus comprehensively repairing the digestive and absorption disorders caused by poor or damaged intestinal villi in substandard or lagging pigs.

[0023] Intestinal function repair: Sodium butyrate and glutamine are the main energy sources for small intestinal mucosal cells, which can repair the villi membrane of the small intestine, increase the depth of the crypts, promote the proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells, and quickly restore the intestinal barrier function and digestive and absorptive capacity of defective or straggling pigs.

[0024] Micronutrient supplementation: Using organic forms of small peptide iron, yeast selenium, chromium picolinate, etc., to rapidly increase the hemoglobin content in the blood, improve pale skin symptoms, enhance the body's antioxidant and metabolic functions, and increase nutrient deposition.

[0025] Traditional Chinese medicine and immune nutrition regulators: Hawthorn powder can aid digestion and strengthen the stomach, promoting the secretion of digestive juices; compound essential oils inhibit the colonization of harmful bacteria, maintain the balance of intestinal microecology, and at the same time promote the digestion and absorption of intestinal villi, further enhancing digestive and absorptive functions; yeast hydrolysate, fungal culture and cordyceps-based culture can improve non-specific immunity in animals, improve the health of pigs, reduce immunosuppression, and reduce the immune consumption of nutrients.

[0026] Easily digestible protein peptide nutrition and limiting amino acid balance: In response to the protein synthesis disorders of inferior and lagging pigs, it supplements enzymatically hydrolyzed intestinal membrane protein peptides to reduce the pressure of digestion and absorption, while supplementing the first limiting amino acid lysine to promote muscle protein deposition and achieve rapid catch-up growth.

[0027] Functional fat powder and biscuit powder provide energy fortification and palatability supplementation. Functional phospholipid oils not only provide energy but also have emulsifying properties, improving the digestibility and absorption of nutrients such as fats in the diet. Phospholipids are also important components for cell membrane integrity and function, comprehensively improving gut health and absorption. They also enhance liver health and facilitate the rapid metabolic transport of nutrients for tissue growth. Biscuit powder provides easily digestible sugars and starches, and, along with yeast hydrolysates, improves the palatability of the diet, increases feed intake, and further improves production performance. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0030] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but these are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] This embodiment provides a nutritional functional package for defective or straggling pigs and its preparation method.

[0033] By weight, the components include:

[0034] Intestinal repair components: Sodium butyrate 1.2 parts, glutamine 1.0 part;

[0035] Micronutrient fortification components: 2.0 parts small peptide iron, 0.1 parts chromium pyridinecarboxylate, and 1.5 parts yeast selenium;

[0036] Traditional Chinese medicine and immune-regulating components: 0.5 parts hawthorn powder, 0.1 parts compound plant essential oil, 2.5 parts yeast hydrolysate, 0.1 parts fungal culture, and 1.5 parts cordyceps-based culture;

[0037] Easily digestible protein peptides and limiting amino acid components: 60 parts of enzymatically hydrolyzed intestinal membrane protein peptides and 2.5 parts of lysine hydrochloride;

[0038] Functional fat and sugar components: 10 parts functional phospholipid powder and 17 parts biscuit powder.

[0039] The preparation process is as follows:

[0040] (1) Weigh each relevant component according to the proportion;

[0041] (2) Preparation of traditional Chinese medicine and immune-regulating components: First, thoroughly mix hawthorn powder, fungal culture and cordyceps-based culture, and then pulverize it into powder of 200 mesh using ultrafine grinding; then thoroughly mix the mixed powder with 0.1 parts of compound plant essential oil and 2.5 parts of yeast hydrolysate;

[0042] (3) The intestinal repair components, micronutrient fortification components, easily digestible protein peptides and limiting amino acid components, functional fats and sugar components are premixed separately;

[0043] (4) Then put the components obtained in (2) and (3) into the mixer and mix them thoroughly at 20 r / min for 15 minutes;

[0044] (5) After passing inspection, the product is repackaged to obtain the nutritional functional package for substandard pigs. It is recommended to use an additional 3%-5% in the complete feed.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] This embodiment provides another nutritional functional package for defective or straggling pigs and its preparation method.

[0047] Intestinal repair components: Sodium butyrate 2.5 parts, glutamine 1.5 parts;

[0048] Micronutrient fortification components: 1.0 part small peptide iron, 0.3 part chromium pyridinecarboxylate, 0.5 part yeast selenium;

[0049] Traditional Chinese medicine and immune-regulating components: 1.5 parts hawthorn powder, 0.5 parts compound plant essential oil, 5.0 parts yeast hydrolysate, 0.2 parts fungal culture, and 3.0 parts cordyceps-based culture;

[0050] Easily digestible protein peptides and limiting amino acid components: 65 parts of enzymatically hydrolyzed intestinal membrane protein peptides and 5.0 parts of lysine hydrochloride;

[0051] Functional fat and sugar components: 5 parts functional phospholipid powder and 9 parts biscuit powder.

[0052] The specific preparation process is the same as in Example 1.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] This embodiment provides another nutritional functional package for defective or straggling pigs and its preparation method.

[0055] Intestinal repair components: Sodium butyrate 2.0 parts, glutamine 2.0 parts;

[0056] Micronutrient fortification components: 0.5 parts small peptide iron, 0.2 parts chromium pyridinecarboxylate, and 1.0 part yeast selenium;

[0057] Traditional Chinese medicine and immune-regulating components: 1.0 part hawthorn powder, 0.8 part compound plant essential oil, 4 parts yeast hydrolysate, 0.05 part fungal culture, and 2.0 part cordyceps-based culture;

[0058] Easily digestible protein peptides and limiting amino acid components: 75 parts of enzymatically hydrolyzed intestinal membrane protein peptides and 3 parts of lysine hydrochloride;

[0059] Functional fat and sugar components: 5 parts functional phospholipid powder and 6.55 parts biscuit powder.

[0060] The specific preparation process is the same as in Example 1.

[0061] Comparative Example 1

[0062] This comparative example provides a component in a normal growing and finishing pig diet formula that improves intestinal health and absorption: sodium butyrate 1.0 part; and an immune-improving component: cinnamaldehyde essential oil 0.3 part, with a recommended addition amount of 1.3 kg / ton in complete feed.

[0063] Comparative Example 2

[0064] This comparative example provides a nutritional functional package for defective or straggling pigs and its preparation method.

[0065] Intestinal repair components: Sodium butyrate 2.0 parts, glutamine 2.0 parts;

[0066] Micronutrient fortification components: 0.25 parts small peptide iron, 0.15 parts chromium pyridinecarboxylate, and 0.2 parts yeast selenium;

[0067] Traditional Chinese medicine and immune-regulating components: 1.0 part hawthorn powder, 0.8 part compound plant essential oil, 2 parts yeast hydrolysate, 0.05 part fungal culture, and 0.5 part cordyceps-based culture.

[0068] The specific preparation process is the same as in Example 1. The recommended usage in complete feed is 3-5 kg / ton.

[0069] Comparative Example 3

[0070] This comparative example provides another nutritional functional package for defective or straggling pigs and its preparation method.

[0071] Intestinal repair components: Sodium butyrate 2.0 parts, glutamine 2.0 parts;

[0072] Micronutrient fortification components: 0.5 parts small peptide iron, 1.0 part yeast selenium;

[0073] Traditional Chinese medicine and immune-regulating components: 1.0 part hawthorn powder, 0.8 part compound plant essential oil, and 4 parts yeast hydrolysate;

[0074] Functional fat and sugar components: 5 parts functional phospholipid powder and 9 parts biscuit powder.

[0075] The specific preparation process is the same as in Example 1. It is recommended to use 3%-5% of the complete feed.

[0076] Detection Examples

[0077] To verify the technical effects of the present invention, a feeding experiment was conducted at a large-scale pig farm in Anhui Province.

[0078] Experimental Design: 150 severely stunted pigs (approximately 30 kg) with similar body weight and growth (characterized by rough coat, pale skin, distended abdomen, emaciated back, and low feed intake) were randomly divided into 6 groups, with 5 replicates per group and 5 pigs per replicate. The control group was fed a basal diet (with additional supplementation of Comparative Example 1). Experimental Group 1 (with additional supplementation of 5 kg / ton of the functional package from Comparative Example 2), and Experimental Groups 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively, had 3% of the nutritional functional packages prepared in Comparative Example 3, Example 1, Example 2, and Example 3 added to their basal diet. The experiment lasted for 30 days.

[0079] Results analysis: Production performance and economic benefits are shown in Table 1. The nutritional functional package of this invention can significantly improve the intestinal health of substandard pigs, significantly increase the daily weight gain from 626.89g / d to over 855g / d, and significantly reduce the feed conversion ratio (P<0.05). Moreover, its effect is significantly better than that of comparative examples 2 and 3.

[0080] Table 2 shows that the appearance of the substandard pigs in each experimental group of Examples 1-3 was significantly improved, indicating that the nutritional functional package of the present invention can effectively improve the anemia of substandard pigs, increase the deposition of nutrients, restore the luster of the coat, make the skin rosy, and improve the body condition. Economic benefit analysis: Compared with the results of Comparative Example 1, the economic benefits of pig farming were significantly increased to approximately RMB 28.43 to 37.79 per head during the experimental period (P < 0.05), turning losses into profits. Taking a pig farm with an annual output of 10,000 pigs as an example, with a substandard pig ratio of 10%, and an increase in benefits of RMB 30 per substandard pig, the annual economic loss can be recovered by approximately RMB 35,000. In actual production, the health of substandard pigs is poor, the cost of medication is high, and the selling price of pork from substandard pigs is 50-70% of the normal pig price, so the annual economic loss can be recovered even higher.

[0081] Table 1: Effects of different treatments on growth performance and economic benefits of substandard and lagging pigs

[0082]

[0083] Note: The price of control feed was calculated at 3.2 yuan / kg, the feed price of Comparative Example 2 was 3.28 yuan / kg, the feed price of Comparative Example 3 was 3.32 yuan / kg, and the feed price of all examples was 3.4 yuan / kg. The price of pork was calculated at 9.6 yuan / kg. Data from peers with different lowercase letters in their shoulder labels showed significant differences (P < 0.05), while identical or no letters indicated no significant differences (P > 0.05).

[0084] Table 2: Effects of different treatments on the appearance score of defective or lagging pigs

[0085]

[0086] To further verify the technical effects of the present invention, a feeding experiment was conducted at a pilot pig farm in Anhui Province.

[0087] The piglets used in this experiment suffered from severe diarrhea in the early weaning stage. Fourteen days after weaning, many were emaciated, exhibiting slow growth during the creeping stage with a daily weight gain of only 75-120 g / d, severely impacting subsequent animal experiments. Tracing and testing revealed that these piglets were infected with rotavirus during lactation, and those entering the experimental farm after weaning were subsequently infected with a mixed infection of PED and E. coli. Therefore, a nutritional functional package experiment was conducted on this batch of pigs. Seventy-eight emaciated and lagging piglets with stunted growth were selected, with a true age of 55 days and an average weight of approximately 5.9 kg. They were randomly divided into two groups, with three replicates per group and 12-15 piglets per replicate. The control group was fed a basal nursery feed, while the experimental group received an additional 3.5% of the functional package from Example 2 to their basal diet. The piglets were fed for 21 days, and the specific production results are shown in Table 3. As shown in Table 3, adding 3.5% of the nutritional functional pack from Example 2 significantly improved the final weight and daily weight gain of stunted pigs in the nursery stage, increasing them by 13.60% and 78.94% respectively (P < 0.01), significantly increased feed intake by 31.06%, significantly reduced the feed conversion ratio from 1.97 by 0.54, and increased the survival rate by 8.34 percentage points. Therefore, the economic benefits are significant.

[0088] Table 3. Effects of the nutritional functional package on the production performance and mortality rate of pigs suffering from diarrhea virus and microbial infection.

[0089]

[0090] In summary, the nutritional functional package for defective or lagging pigs provided by this invention has significant technical and economic benefits, and has broad prospects for promotion and application.

[0091] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the implementation and protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should realize that any equivalent substitutions and obvious changes made based on the content of this specification should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nutritional functional package for defective or straggling pigs, characterized in that, By weight, the components include: 2.2-4 parts of intestinal repair component, 1.1-3.8 parts of micronutrient fortification component, 4.65-10.5 parts of traditional Chinese medicine and immune conditioning component, 62-80 parts of easily digestible protein peptides and limiting amino acid component, and 10-30 parts of functional fat and glycogen component.

2. The nutritional functional package according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intestinal repair component includes at least one of sodium butyrate and glutamine.

3. The nutritional functional package according to claim 1, characterized in that, The micronutrient fortification components include at least one of the following: small peptide iron, chromium pyridinecarboxylate, and yeast selenium.

4. The nutritional functional package according to claim 1, characterized in that, The herbal medicines and immune-regulating components include at least one of the following: hawthorn powder, compound plant essential oil, yeast hydrolysate, fungal culture, and cordyceps-based culture.

5. The nutritional functional package according to claim 4, characterized in that, The compound plant essential oil includes at least one of cinnamaldehyde, lemon essential oil, and pine needle essential oil.

6. The nutritional functional package according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fungal culture includes at least one of: Kluyveromyces martensii and Antrodia camphorata culture.

7. The nutritional functional package according to claim 1, characterized in that, The easily digestible protein peptides and limiting amino acid components include: enzymatically hydrolyzed intestinal membrane protein peptides and lysine hydrochloride.

8. The nutritional functional package according to claim 1, characterized in that, The functional fat and sugar source components include: functional phospholipid powder and biscuit powder.

9. A method for preparing a nutritional functional package as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, step... include: S1. Hawthorn powder, fungal culture and cordyceps-based culture are mixed and then ultra-finely pulverized. After passing through a 100-200 mesh sieve, they are mixed with compound plant essential oil and yeast hydrolysate to obtain traditional Chinese medicine and immune-regulating components. S2. Add the intestinal repair component, micronutrient fortification component, the Chinese herbal medicine and immune conditioning component, easily digestible protein peptide and limiting amino acid component, and functional fat and sugar component into a mixer and mix at 15-25 r / min for 10-15 min. After mixing, remove and package to obtain the nutritional functional package.

10. The application of a nutritional functional package as described in any one of claims 1-8 in improving the growth performance of underperforming or lagging pigs, characterized in that the steps... include: Add the nutritional functional package to the basic diet at a ratio of 3-5%, and feed continuously for 20-30 days as one conditioning cycle; The defective or abandoned pigs include at least one of the following: stunted pigs, runny pigs, iron pigs, mixed-haired pigs, and mangy pigs.

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