bracket structure

Abstract

This application discloses a support structure, comprising: an outer tube, hollow inside and open at both ends to form an axially penetrating receiving channel; a first spring and a second spring, sequentially distributed along the axial direction of the outer tube within the receiving channel, the second spring having a helix direction opposite to that of the first spring; wherein, the inner wall of the outer tube is provided with a first internal thread cooperating with the first spring and a second internal thread cooperating with the second spring; a first connecting member is provided on the end of the first spring near the end of the second spring, and a second connecting member is provided on the end of the second spring near the end of the first spring; the first spring and the second spring are connected together through the cooperation between the first connecting member and the second connecting member to form a support space located within the receiving channel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of medical device technology, specifically relating to a stent structure for the ureter. Background Technology

[0002] Ureteral stents are widely used in the treatment of urinary system diseases. One end of the ureteral stent is placed in the kidney and the other end is placed in the bladder. Due to the support and drainage function of the ureteral stent, urine in the kidney can be drained into the bladder, which is beneficial to the recovery of kidney function in patients.

[0003] Existing ureteral stents are long, flexible tubes made of a material that can bend and deform with human movement. However, the human ureter undergoes periodic peristalsis, and this peristaltic compression can easily cause the ureteral stent lumen to collapse, thereby obstructing urine flow and reducing its drainage effect. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing technology to overcome the aforementioned defects. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by this application is to provide a support structure with good support effect.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a support structure comprising: an outer tube, hollow inside and open at both ends to form an axially penetrating receiving channel; a first spring and a second spring, sequentially distributed along the axial direction of the outer tube within the receiving channel, the second spring having a helix direction opposite to that of the first spring; wherein, the inner wall of the outer tube is provided with a first internal thread cooperating with the first spring and a second internal thread cooperating with the second spring; a first connecting member is provided on the end of the first spring near the end of the second spring, and a second connecting member is provided on the end of the second spring near the end of the first spring; the first spring and the second spring are connected together through the cooperation between the first connecting member and the second connecting member to form a support space located within the receiving channel.

[0006] In some embodiments, after the first connector and the second connector are connected, the first spring and the second spring are fixedly connected to form a whole.

[0007] In some embodiments, one of the first connector and the second connector is a magnet, and the other is a ferromagnetic component; or, Both the first connector and the second connector are magnets and their magnetic properties are opposite.

[0008] In some embodiments, a first mounting base is fixed to the end of the first spring, and a second mounting base is fixed to the end of the second spring. The first connecting member is disposed on the first mounting base, and the second connecting member is disposed on the second mounting base. Both the first mounting base and the second mounting base are annular.

[0009] In some embodiments, the inner ring of the first mounting base and / or the second mounting base is provided with a flow guide, the flow guide having a central hole, wherein the diameter of the central hole gradually decreases along the flow path of the medium. The central hole is a conical hole, and the minimum diameter of the central hole is greater than half the diameter of the supporting space. The drainage element is made of flexible material and is shaped like a frustum cone.

[0010] In some embodiments, the outer tube includes a straight section, a first coiled section at one end of the straight section, and a second coiled section at the other end of the straight section, wherein the first spring and the second spring are located in the straight section.

[0011] In some embodiments, the end of the outer tube is provided with a third connector, the third connector having a through hole communicating with the support space, wherein the third connector is at least partially located on the outside of the end of the outer tube, and the third connector is a magnetic component or a ferromagnetic component.

[0012] In some embodiments, the outer wall of the outer tube is provided with a plurality of hollow arc-shaped protrusions, the arc-shaped protrusions being distributed on the outer wall of the outer tube corresponding to the sections where the first spring and the second spring are located; wherein, the arc-shaped protrusions are spherical in shape, which is greater than a quarter sphere and less than or equal to a hemisphere.

[0013] In some embodiments, the outer tube has a first through hole on its wall that communicates with the support space. The first through hole is located within the covering space of the arc-shaped raised portion. A filter membrane is provided on the first through hole, and the filter membrane is configured to intercept gravel inside the outer tube.

[0014] In some embodiments, the inner wall of the outer tube is further provided with an auxiliary groove extending axially thereon, the auxiliary groove communicating with the support space, wherein the auxiliary groove extends continuously from one end of the outer tube to the other end; and / or, The outer tube is also provided with a plurality of second through holes, wherein the second through holes are located in the area outside the first spring and the second spring.

[0015] The technical solution provided in this application has the following advantages: The first and second springs maintain a certain stiffness while having the ability to bend under force. The stiffness of the first and second springs is greater than that of the outer tube. Together, they form the internal skeleton support of the outer tube, effectively resisting external pressure and preventing the outer tube from collapsing under force. This ensures that the flow of urine and stone fragments from the kidneys to the bladder is not blocked, and has a good supporting effect.

[0016] When the first spring and / or the second spring are rotated under the action of an external force, the first internal thread will exert an axial force F1 on the first spring, and the second internal thread will exert an axial force F2 on the second spring. These two forces are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. Therefore, the axial force is zero, and axial displacement cannot be generated by rotation, effectively preventing the first spring and the second spring from axially moving. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the application of the stent structure provided in this application to the ureter; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the support structure provided in this application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the support structure provided in this application in the front view direction; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the support structure in a cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction; Figure 6 for Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram of region B in the middle; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing a first mounting base and a second mounting base; Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified structural diagram of region C in the middle; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of an annular groove; Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the third connector; Figure 11 A schematic diagram showing an arc-shaped raised section on the outer wall of the outer tube; Figure 12 for Figure 11 A magnified structural diagram of region D in the middle; Figure 13 A schematic diagram showing an arc-shaped raised section and a first through hole on the outer wall of the outer tube; Figure 14 for Figure 13 A magnified structural diagram of region E in the middle. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of this application will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. The application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0020] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0021] In this application, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper," "lower," "top," and "bottom" are generally used in relation to the direction shown in the accompanying drawings, or in relation to the vertical, perpendicular, or gravitational direction of the component itself; similarly, for ease of understanding and description, "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours of each component itself, but the above directional terms are not intended to limit this application.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a stent structure, which, in an adaptive scenario, is a stent structure applied to the ureter. It should be understood that the application of this stent structure is not limited to the ureter, but can also be extended to other natural cavities of the human body, such as the bile duct, esophagus, urethra, fallopian tubes, intestines, blood vessels, and other tubular cavities, to achieve functions such as cavity support, fluid drainage, and relief of luminal stenosis and obstruction. The following description uses the application of the stent structure to the ureter as an example, but as can be seen from the above description, the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, the stent structure includes an outer tube 100, a first spring 200, and a second spring 300. The outer tube 100 is hollow internally and open at both ends to form an axially penetrating receiving channel. Common materials used for the outer tube 100 include flexible polymer materials such as polyurethane and silicone, as well as shape memory metal materials such as nickel-titanium alloy. The outer tube 100 has good flexibility and elasticity, and can elastically deform to follow the physiological curvature of the ureter 910, thereby adaptively conforming to the direction of the ureter 910, providing effective radial support while reducing irritation to the ureteral wall.

[0024] The outer periphery of the outer tube 100 is provided with a hydrophilic coating (not shown in the figure). During the insertion of the outer tube 100 through the urethra, the water film formed by the hydrophilic coating and urine acts as a boundary lubrication layer, transforming the solid-solid contact between the outer periphery of the outer tube 100 and the urethral mucosa into a solid-liquid-solid interface contact. This water film significantly reduces the coefficient of friction, thereby effectively reducing mechanical scraping and shearing damage to the urethral mucosa during the advancement of the outer tube 100, reducing tissue trauma, bleeding and patient pain, and improving the smoothness and safety of the insertion operation.

[0025] During the indwelling period of the external tube 100, the presence of the hydrophilic coating keeps the surface of the external tube 100 moist and in a low-adhesion state, preventing the mucosal tissue from sticking together due to dryness and friction. This significantly reduces the burning sensation, urinary urgency and overall discomfort experienced by patients during indwelling, and improves the tolerance to long-term indwelling.

[0026] like Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the first spring 200 and the second spring 300 are sequentially distributed within the receiving channel along the axial direction of the outer tube 100, that is, the first spring 200 and the second spring 300 are distributed adjacent to each other in the axial direction. It is worth noting that the terms "axial", "radial", and "circumferential" in this application refer to the axial, radial, and circumferential directions of the outer tube 100.

[0027] The first spring 200 and the second spring 300 are made of metal, possessing bending capacity under stress while maintaining a certain rigidity. The hardness of the first spring 200 and the second spring 300 is greater than that of the outer tube 100. Together, they form the internal skeletal support of the outer tube 100, effectively resisting external pressure and preventing the outer tube 100 from collapsing under stress. This ensures that the flow of urine and stone fragments from the kidney 900 to the bladder 920 is not blocked, providing good support. Preferably, the first spring 200 and the second spring 300 are made of medical-grade metals, such as nickel-titanium shape memory alloy or medical-grade stainless steel, possessing good flexibility and the ability to bend under stress to adapt to the physiological curvature of the ureter 910, while also possessing sufficient radial stiffness for support.

[0028] In this application, the inner wall of the outer tube 100 is provided with a first internal thread (not shown) that mates with the first spring 200 and a second internal thread (not shown) that mates with the second spring 300. The first internal thread is designed based on the outer contour of the first spring 200, and the second internal thread is designed based on the outer contour of the second spring 300. The direction of rotation of the second spring 300 is opposite to that of the first spring 200. This means that the spiral winding directions of the first spring 200 and the second spring 300 are opposite—one is left-handed, and the other is right-handed.

[0029] The first spring 200 can be screwed into the first internal thread, and the second spring 300 can be screwed into the second internal thread. The outer tube 100 has assembly ports at both axial ends. The first spring 200 is screwed into the outer tube 100 from one end and engages with the first internal thread, and the second spring 300 is screwed into the outer tube 100 from the other end and engages with the second internal thread.

[0030] The outer tube 100 is fitted with the first spring 200 and the second spring 300 by an interference fit. As a result, the outer tube 100 and the first spring 200 and the second spring 300 are tightly constrained in the radial direction. The first spring 200 is not easy to come out of the first internal thread. Similarly, the second spring 300 is not easy to come out of the second internal thread. This reliably fixes the first spring 200 and the second spring 300 in the first internal thread and the second internal thread respectively, effectively improving the reliability of the connection.

[0031] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, to prevent the first spring 200 and the second spring 300 from axially shifting within the outer tube 100, in this application, a first connector 400 is provided on the end of the first spring 200 near the end of the second spring 300, and a second connector 500 is provided on the end of the second spring 300 near the end of the first spring 200. The first spring 200 and the second spring 300 are connected together through the cooperation between the first connector 400 and the second connector 500 to form a support space 101 located within the receiving channel. Urine and stones in the kidney 900 can enter the bladder 920 below through the support space 101 formed by the connection of the first spring 200 and the second spring 300. The aforementioned support space 101 can remain unobstructed, allowing urine and stones to pass stably even if the outer tube 100 is squeezed by external force, effectively preventing the outer tube 100 from collapsing.

[0032] like Figure 6As shown, the first connecting member 400 is fixed to the first spring 200, and the second connecting member 500 is fixed to the second spring 300. After the first connecting member 400 and the second connecting member 500 are connected, the first spring 200 and the second spring 300 are fixed together to form a whole. At this time, the first spring 200 and the second spring 300 cannot rotate relative to each other, forming a rotational self-locking mechanism.

[0033] Specifically, when the first spring 200 and / or the second spring 300 rotate under the action of an external force, the first internal thread (e.g., right-handed) will exert an axial force F1 on the first spring 200, and the second internal thread (e.g., left-handed) will exert an axial force F2 on the second spring 300. These two forces are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. Therefore, the axial force is zero, and axial displacement cannot be generated by rotation, effectively preventing axial movement of the first spring 200 and the second spring 300. It is worth noting that during the above process, the outer tube 100 remains fixed and does not rotate.

[0034] In one embodiment, one of the first connector 400 and the second connector 500 is a magnet, and the other is a ferromagnetic component. The aforementioned "ferromagnetic component" does not generate a magnetic field itself, but will be magnetized when placed in a magnetic field, thereby attracting the magnet. For example, it is a component made of materials such as stainless steel, iron, cobalt, or nickel.

[0035] In another embodiment, both the first connector 400 and the second connector 500 are magnets with opposite magnetic properties. The attraction between the first connector 400 and the second connector 500 is achieved by using two magnets with opposite magnetic properties.

[0036] In another embodiment, both the first connector 400 and the second connector 500 are adhesive layers. The first spring 200 and the second spring 300 are bonded and fixed by the adhesive layer. After bonding, both circumferential rotation and axial movement between the first spring 200 and the second spring 300 are restricted. The aforementioned "adhesive layer" is a biocompatible medical adhesive resistant to bodily fluid corrosion. The adhesive layer fills the space between the opposite ends of the first spring 200 and the second spring 300, achieving a stable bond between them. The following description uses the example of the first connector 400 and the second connector 500 being magnets with opposite magnetic properties. However, based on the above description, it is clear that the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto.

[0037] Furthermore, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, a first mounting base 410 is fixed to the end of the first spring 200, and a second mounting base 510 is fixed to the end of the second spring 300. A first connecting member 400 is disposed on the first mounting base 410, and a second connecting member 500 is disposed on the second mounting base 510. Both the first mounting base 410 and the second mounting base 510 are annular. Taking the orientation shown in the attached figure as an example, the first mounting base 410 is provided at the bottom end of the first spring 200, and the second mounting base 510 is provided at the top end of the second spring 300.

[0038] In one embodiment, such as Figure 8 As shown, the first connector 400 is disposed on the bottom surface of the first mounting base 410, and the second connector 500 is disposed on the top surface of the second mounting base 510. The first connector 400 and the second connector 500 are visible from the outside. In another embodiment, the first connector 400 is disposed inside the first mounting base 410, and the second connector 500 is disposed inside the second mounting base 510. That is, the first connector 400 is covered inside the first mounting base 410, and the second connector 500 is covered inside the second mounting base 510, so the first connector 400 and the second connector 500 are not visible from the outside.

[0039] To achieve reliable radial positioning between the first connector 400 and the second connector 500 (or between the first mounting base 410 and the second mounting base 510), a radial positioning structure is provided between them. The following explanation uses an example where the radial positioning structure is located between the first mounting base 410 and the second mounting base 510. Figure 9 As shown, the radial limiting structure includes an annular groove 411 and a limiting protrusion (not shown). The annular groove 411 and the limiting protrusion cooperate with each other to limit the relative displacement of the first mounting seat 410 and the second mounting seat 510 in the radial direction.

[0040] Specifically, the annular groove 411 is a circular groove structure in the shape of a complete ring. The annular groove 411 is provided on the bottom end surface of the first mounting base 410, and correspondingly, the limiting protrusion is provided on the top end surface of the second mounting base 510. Of course, it is also possible that the annular groove 411 is provided on the top end surface of the second mounting base 510, and the limiting protrusion is provided on the bottom end surface of the first mounting base 410.

[0041] The limiting protrusion can be inserted axially into the annular groove 411 and abut against the groove wall of the annular groove 411. Since the annular groove 411 adopts a complete ring design, that is, the annular groove 411 extends continuously in the circumferential direction to form a complete closed ring, the limiting protrusion does not need to be aligned circumferentially during installation. The limiting protrusion can be directly aligned with any position of the annular groove 411 and inserted, which greatly simplifies the assembly process and improves the installation efficiency.

[0042] In the actual assembly process, the first spring 200 and the second spring 300 are first screwed into the outer tube 100, so that the first mounting base 410 and the second mounting base 510 are close to each other and aligned. Then, the limiting protrusion is inserted into the annular groove 411. At this time, the outer side of the limiting protrusion is in contact with the inner wall of the annular groove 411, and the two sides of the limiting protrusion abut against the two side walls of the annular groove 411. Thus, the first spring 200 and the second spring 300 are effectively constrained in the radial direction and cannot move relative to each other, thereby ensuring the radial positional accuracy and connection stability of the two.

[0043] like Figure 8 As shown, a draining element 600 is provided on the inner ring of the first mounting base 410 and / or the second mounting base 510, and the draining element 600 has a central hole 610. The draining element 600 can be integrally formed or embedded and fixed in the inner peripheral wall of the corresponding mounting base (first mounting base 410, second mounting base 510).

[0044] Along the flow path of the medium, the diameter of the central orifice 610 gradually decreases. That is, the central orifice 610 forms a narrowing structure from upstream to downstream (e.g., a tapered orifice or a stepped narrowing orifice), causing the flow cross-section to gradually decrease along the flow direction.

[0045] Based on the principle of continuity in fluid mechanics, when urine flows through the central hole 610, the flow cross-section decreases, and the flow velocity of the urine in the central hole 610 region increases accordingly, thus increasing kinetic energy and significantly enhancing the ability to carry stones suspended in the urine. This acceleration effect makes it difficult for stones to deposit or remain in the support space 101 formed by the first spring 200 and the second spring 300. Instead, they are effectively carried by the high-speed flowing urine and continuously transported downwards, eventually flowing smoothly into the bladder 920 below.

[0046] Meanwhile, the reduced diameter design of the central hole 610 also creates a certain siphon or jet effect on the downstream side of the drainage component 600, further enhancing the stone expulsion power, effectively preventing the support space 101 from being blocked due to the accumulation of stones, ensuring the long-term unobstructed flow of the support space 101, and reducing the risk of postoperative complications caused by residual stones or blockage.

[0047] In this application, the central hole 610 is a tapered hole, and the minimum diameter of the central hole 610 is greater than half the diameter of the support space 101. If the minimum diameter of the central hole 610 is too small (e.g., less than half the diameter of the support space 101), although the local flow velocity will be further increased, the dimensional margin between the minimum opening of the central hole 610 and the gravel will be drastically reduced. Slightly larger gravel particles are very likely to become mechanically stuck at the opening, thus creating new blockage nodes. The above limitation ensures that the central hole 610 provides accelerated flushing while still maintaining a sufficient effective flow cross section, allowing the vast majority of gravel to pass smoothly without forming a bottleneck at the guide member 600.

[0048] The drainage component 600 is made of flexible material. When gravel carried in the urine flows through the central hole 610, it may collide with the drainage component 600. Because the drainage component 600 is made of flexible material, it has good elastic deformation capability and energy absorption characteristics. It can convert part of the impact kinetic energy of the gravel into the elastic potential energy of the material, thereby effectively buffering the direct impact of the gravel on the drainage component 600 and preventing the impact stress from being transmitted to the main structure such as the first mounting base 410, the second mounting base 510, and the outer tube 100.

[0049] Meanwhile, the drainage component 600, made of flexible material, can generate moderate micro-elastic deformation or vibration under the stimulation of urine flow. This dynamic characteristic makes it difficult for gravel to form a stable adhesion on the surface of the drainage component 600. Even if some gravel occasionally stays for a short time, it will be re-rolled into the urine under the synergistic effect of continuous urine flow and micro-vibration of the drainage component 600, and smoothly discharged downstream with the urine. This further reduces the risk of blockage of the drainage component 600 or obstruction of the support space 101 caused by gravel adhesion and accumulation.

[0050] The drainage device 600 is shaped like a frustum of a cone. Urine flows down from the kidney 900, entering the drainage device 600 through the large opening at the top. It then smoothly converges along the inner wall of the cone to the narrow opening at the bottom, where it is successfully drained into the bladder 920. When the pressure inside the bladder 920 increases (such as during urination or increased abdominal pressure), urine impacts the central hole 610 from below. Because the drainage device 600 is made of flexible material and has a narrow, free end at the bottom, reverse hydraulic pressure causes the sidewalls of the frustum of a cone to elastically contract towards the central axis. The narrow opening at the bottom further narrows or even temporarily closes, forming a one-way shut-off effect similar to a "duckbill valve," physically blocking the backflow channel.

[0051] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the inner wall of the outer tube 100 is also provided with an auxiliary groove 102 extending along its axial direction. The auxiliary groove 102 communicates with the support space 101, and extends continuously from one end of the outer tube 100 to the other end. There may be only one auxiliary groove 102 or multiple auxiliary grooves. The auxiliary groove 102 is preferably a straight groove. However, the shape of the auxiliary groove 102 may include, but is not limited to, a straight groove, and may also be other shapes, such as arcs or broken lines.

[0052] The auxiliary channel 102 extends continuously from one end of the outer tube 100 to the other, communicating with the support space 101. This effectively creates one or more axial bypass channels outside the main channel formed by the receiving channel and the support space 101. The presence of the auxiliary channel 102 increases the flow cross-sectional area available for urine flow within the stent structure. According to fluid mechanics principles, at the same flow rate, a larger flow cross-sectional area results in lower flow resistance. Furthermore, even if a section of the support space 101 is partially blocked by stones or blood clots, urine can still continue to flow through the auxiliary channel 102, effectively preventing the stent structure from completely losing its drainage function and significantly reducing the risk of acute obstruction and hydronephrosis.

[0053] like Figure 2 As shown, the outer tube 100 also has multiple second through holes 103 on its wall, wherein the second through holes 103 are located in the section other than the first spring 200 and the second spring 300. The function of the second through holes 103 is to drain, guiding urine from the kidney 900 into the outer tube 100. The end of the outer tube 100 also has the function of draining urine from the kidney 900 into the outer tube 100, and the second through holes 103 further accelerate the flow of urine into the outer tube 100.

[0054] Specifically, the end opening of the outer tube 100 serves as the main inlet for urine entry. However, during actual placement, the end may not be completely submerged in urine due to its proximity to the renal pelvis wall. The second through-holes 103 located upstream are distributed along the tube wall, effectively adding multiple lateral inlets in addition to the end drainage. This allows the outer tube 100 to capture urine simultaneously from both the end and circumferential sidewalls, forming a three-dimensional drainage path. Regardless of the orientation of the outer tube 100 within the kidney 900, a portion of the second through-holes 103 will always remain below the urine surface.

[0055] Multiple second through-holes 103 significantly increase the total inlet area of ​​the outer tube 100, allowing the urine continuously produced by the kidney 900 to enter the outer tube 100 more quickly and with less resistance, preventing urine from stagnating and accumulating in the kidney 900, thereby effectively reducing the pressure inside the kidney 900 and alleviating discomfort symptoms such as distending pain in the kidney 900.

[0056] The multiple second through-holes 103 located at the downstream end (within the bladder 920) serve as the main outlet for urine to enter the bladder 920. However, during actual placement, this end may become partially blocked due to its proximity to the bladder 920 wall and its being enveloped by the bladder 920 mucosa. The multiple second through-holes 103 dispersed on the downstream end of the tube wall are equivalent to adding multiple lateral outlets outside the end, allowing urine in the outer tube 100 to simultaneously drain into the bladder 920 from both the end and the circumferential sidewalls. Even if the end opening is partially blocked, urine can still continuously drain through the second through-holes 103, effectively preventing blockage of the stent structure caused by the inability to drain urine from the outer tube 100.

[0057] Furthermore, relying solely on a single outlet at the end of the outer tube 100 could cause a concentrated flow of urine to directly impact the bladder 920 mucosa, leading to local irritation, pain, or inflammation. Multiple second orifices 103 disperse the total flow into multiple fine streams, allowing urine to flow more smoothly into the bladder 920, reducing mechanical irritation and improving patient comfort during indwelling.

[0058] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the end of the outer tube 100 is provided with a third connector 700, which has a through hole 730 communicating with the support space. The third connector 700 is at least partially located on the outside of the end of the outer tube 100, and is a magnetic or ferromagnetic component. The through hole 730 extends axially through the third connector 700.

[0059] Specifically, the through hole 730 of the third connector 700 ensures that urine and stone fragments can pass smoothly and be discharged into the bladder 920. The third connector 700 is at least partially located on the outer side of the end of the outer tube 100 to form a clear magnetic attraction point within the body. The third connector 700 is a magnetic or ferromagnetic component and is located within the bladder 920. This configuration allows the third connector 700 to form a reliable magnetic attraction with the removal device. When the support structure needs to be removed, the removal device can use the magnetic attraction between itself and the third connector 700 to directionally and smoothly pull the support structure out of the body, avoiding mechanical damage to the ureter 910 and surrounding tissues caused by traditional removal methods, and significantly improving the convenience of removal.

[0060] like Figure 10As shown, the third connector 700 includes a main body 710 located outside the outer tube 100 and an insertion part 720 inserted into the outer tube 100. A through hole 730 penetrates both the main body 710 and the insertion part 720 to communicate with the receiving channel of the outer tube 100. Preferably, the main body 710 and the insertion part 720 are coaxially arranged. The outer surface of the third connector 700 is covered with a biocompatible protective layer to isolate the third connector 700 from direct contact with urine and the bladder 920 mucosa.

[0061] Furthermore, the insertion portion 720 of the third connector 700 is provided with mounting barbs 721 on its circumferential outer sidewall. The mounting barbs 721 are distributed at intervals or continuously along the axial direction of the insertion portion 720, and are inclined relative to the axial direction. The mounting end of the mounting barb 721 away from the main body 710 is fixedly connected to the circumferential sidewall of the insertion portion 720, while the free end near the main body 710 is inclined towards the inner wall of the outer tube 100. In this way, during the process of inserting the insertion portion 720 into the end of the outer tube 100, the mounting barbs 721 can elastically deform in accordance with the insertion direction, resulting in less insertion resistance and facilitating the smooth insertion of the third connector 700 into place.

[0062] However, when the insertion part 720 is subjected to a reverse axial force (such as the impact of urine flow, traction from human movement, or the removal action of the removal device), the free end of the barb 721 will embed into or abut against the inner wall of the outer tube 100, forming a mechanical locking structure, which significantly increases the resistance to reverse dislodgement. Thus, a reliable axial anti-dislodgement connection is formed between the third connector 700 and the outer tube 100, effectively avoiding the risk of the third connector 700 accidentally detaching from the end of the outer tube 100 during indwelling, ensuring connection reliability and safety of use.

[0063] The connection method between the third connector 700 and the end of the outer tube 100 is not limited to the above-mentioned method of installing barbs. In another embodiment, the third connector 700 can also be reliably connected to the end of the outer tube 100 by other fixing methods such as bonding or welding. In addition, the third connector 700 can also be used in combination with any two or more of the above-mentioned connection methods. For example, mechanical locking with barbs can be combined with bonding, or welding can be combined with barb embedding to further improve the reliability and sealing of the connection, ensuring that the third connector 700 remains firmly connected to the outer tube 100 during the retention period, and can withstand sufficient traction force without loosening when magnetically pulled out.

[0064] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the outer tube 100 includes a straight tube section 110, a first coiled section 120 located at one end of the straight tube section 110, and a second coiled section 130 located at the other end of the straight tube section 110, wherein the first spring 200 and the second spring 300 are located in the straight tube section 110.

[0065] The first coiled segment 120 and the second coiled segment 130 can form a pigtail structure to prevent the end of the outer tube 100 from injuring human tissue. Specifically, the first coiled segment 120 can be stably positioned within the bladder 920, and the second coiled segment 130 can be stably positioned within the kidney 900. The pigtail structure formed by the two coiled segments abuts against the walls of the bladder 920 and the kidney 900, respectively, thereby effectively preventing the entire support structure from shifting within the body.

[0066] The straight tube segment 110 extends along the ureter 910, and its interior is provided with continuous radial support by the first spring 200 and the second spring 300, thereby maintaining the patency of the lumen of the straight tube segment 110 and preventing the ureter 910 from becoming narrowed or blocked due to external pressure, postoperative edema, or tissue collapse. Simultaneously, the support space 101 within the straight tube segment 110 and the through-holes at both ends of the outer tube 100 together form a continuous main channel for urine drainage, ensuring that urine and stone fragments produced by the kidney 900 can smoothly pass through the straight tube segment 110 and drain into the bladder 920. Thus, the straight tube segment 110, while providing full support for the ureter 910, also undertakes the main drainage function, making it the core segment in which the supporting structure exerts its therapeutic effect.

[0067] like Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the outer wall of the outer tube 100 is provided with multiple hollow arc-shaped protrusions 800, which are distributed on the outer wall of the outer tube 100 corresponding to the sections where the first spring 200 and the second spring 300 are located. The arc-shaped protrusions 800 can be integrally formed with the outer tube 100, or they can be connected by a fixed connection to form a whole.

[0068] The arc-shaped bulge 800 protrudes from the outer wall surface of the outer tube 100, changing the traditional surface contact between the outer tube 100 and the ureter 910 wall into a multi-point arc-shaped contact, significantly reducing the actual contact area between the two. Thus, during the indwelling period of the outer tube 100, the contact area between the ureter 910 mucosa and the outer wall of the outer tube 100 is greatly reduced, thereby decreasing the friction and continuous pressure exerted by the outer tube 100 on the ureter 910 wall, alleviating the severity of mucosal edema, epithelial hyperplasia, and inflammatory reactions. Simultaneously, due to the reduced contact area, the peristaltic function of the ureter 910 is less disturbed, which is conducive to the normal physiological contraction and relaxation of the ureter 910, reducing pain, hematuria, and bladder irritation symptoms caused by stent placement, and improving comfort during the indwelling period.

[0069] The gap formed between the arc-shaped ridges 800 reduces the area of ​​close contact between the outer wall of the outer tube 100 and the mucosa of the ureter 910, thus reducing the risk of tissue ingrowth and adhesion. At the same time, the gap allows urine to seep out, providing continuous lubrication and effectively preventing adhesion.

[0070] The hollow structure of the arc-shaped raised portion 800 can produce controllable elastic collapse when subjected to radial compression from the wall of the ureter 910, further increasing the conformity with the ureter 910. At the same time, its rebound force can maintain the central position of the outer tube 100 within the ureter 910, preventing the outer tube 100 from being biased to one side of the ureter 910 wall and causing excessive local compression.

[0071] The curved ridge 800 is a spherical surface greater than a quarter of a sphere and less than or equal to a hemisphere. By limiting the spherical curvature of the curved ridge 800 to a range greater than a quarter of a sphere, it ensures that the outer contour of the curved ridge 800 is a continuous and smooth convex spherical surface, without forming sharp edge structures resembling barbs or steps. Thus, whether the outer tube 100 is in the interventional state of advancing along the ureter 910 or in the retrieval state of retracting along the ureter 910, the curved ridge 800 will not obstruct or hook the inner wall of the ureter 910, effectively avoiding difficulties in insertion and damage to the mucosal tissue during retrieval, improving the safety and smoothness of clinical procedures.

[0072] In another embodiment, such as Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, the outer tube 100 has an arc-shaped raised portion 800 and a first through hole 104 on its wall. The arc-shaped raised portion 800 and the first through hole 104 are distributed on the outer wall of the outer tube 100 in sections corresponding to the sections where the first spring 200 and the second spring 300 are located. The first through hole 104 communicates with the support space 101 and is located within the covering space of the arc-shaped raised portion 800. A filter membrane is provided on the first through hole 104, which is configured to intercept gravel inside the outer tube 100.

[0073] Urine in the outer tube 100 can enter the ureter 910 through the first through-hole 104 or into the gap between the arcuate ridges 800. In this way, the filter membrane can effectively intercept stones within the support space 101, preventing stones from leaking out through the first through-hole 104 and blocking the ureter 910 or irritating the ureteral mucosa. Simultaneously, the covering space of the arcuate ridges 800 maintains a radial distance between the first through-hole 104 and the wall of the ureter 910, preventing the mucosa from blocking the first through-hole 104 and ensuring continuous unobstructed drainage. Furthermore, urine can be diverted through the first through-hole 104 to the external gap, forming a bypass drainage channel, and a lubricating film can be formed between the outer wall of the outer tube 100 and the wall of the ureter 910, reducing the risk of friction and adhesion.

[0074] The aforementioned filter membrane is a medical-grade thermoplastic polyurethane microporous membrane, formed by electrospinning, and the filter membrane is heat-sealed to the outer tube 100.

[0075] Obviously, the embodiments described above are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications without creative effort, and all such variations or modifications should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A support structure, characterized in that, include: The outer tube (100) is hollow inside and open at both ends to form an axially penetrating receiving channel; The first spring (200) and the second spring (300) are sequentially distributed in the receiving channel along the axial direction of the outer tube (100), and the rotation direction of the second spring (300) is opposite to that of the first spring (200). The inner wall of the outer tube (100) is provided with a first internal thread that mates with the first spring (200) and a second internal thread that mates with the second spring (300); The first spring (200) has a first connector (400) at the end near the second spring (300), and the second spring (300) has a second connector (500) at the end near the first spring (200). The first spring (200) and the second spring (300) are connected together by the cooperation between the first connector (400) and the second connector (500) to form a support space (101) located in the receiving channel.

2. The support structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After the first connector (400) and the second connector (500) are connected, the first spring (200) and the second spring (300) are fixed together to form a whole.

3. The support structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, One of the first connector (400) and the second connector (500) is a magnet, and the other is a ferromagnetic component; or, Both the first connector (400) and the second connector (500) are magnets and their magnetic properties are opposite.

4. The support structure as described in claim 3, characterized in that, A first mounting base (410) is fixedly provided on the end of the first spring (200), and a second mounting base (510) is fixedly provided on the end of the second spring (300). The first connecting member (400) is provided on the first mounting base (410), and the second connecting member (500) is provided on the second mounting base (510). Both the first mounting base (410) and the second mounting base (510) are annular.

5. The support structure as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The first mounting base (410) and / or the second mounting base (510) are provided with a draining element (600) on their inner rings, the draining element (600) having a central hole (610), wherein, Along the flow path of the medium, the diameter of the central hole (610) gradually decreases. The central hole (610) is a conical hole, and the minimum diameter of the central hole (610) is greater than half the diameter of the support space (101). The drainage element (600) is made of flexible material and is in the shape of a frustum cone.

6. The support structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer tube (100) includes a straight tube section (110), a first coiled section (120) located at one end of the straight tube section (110), and a second coiled section (130) located at the other end of the straight tube section (110), wherein the first spring (200) and the second spring (300) are located in the straight tube section (110).

7. The support structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the outer tube (100) is provided with a third connector (700), the third connector (700) having a through hole (730) communicating with the support space (101), wherein the third connector (700) is at least partially located on the outside of the end of the outer tube (100), and the third connector (700) is a magnetic component or a ferromagnetic component.

8. The support structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the outer tube (100) is provided with a plurality of hollow arc-shaped raised portions (800), and the arc-shaped raised portions (800) are distributed on the outer wall of the outer tube (100) corresponding to the sections where the first spring (200) and the second spring (300) are provided; The arc-shaped raised portion (800) is a spherical shape that is greater than a quarter sphere and less than or equal to a hemisphere.

9. The support structure as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The outer tube (100) has a first through hole (104) communicating with the support space (101) on its tube wall. The first through hole (104) is located in the covering space of the arc-shaped raised part (800). A filter membrane is provided on the first through hole (104), and the filter membrane is configured to intercept gravel in the outer tube (100).

10. The support structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the outer tube (100) is also provided with an auxiliary groove (102) extending along its axial direction. The auxiliary groove (102) is connected to the support space (101). The auxiliary groove (102) extends continuously from one end of the outer tube (100) to the other end. And / or, the tube wall of the outer tube (100) is also provided with a plurality of second through holes (103). The second through holes (103) are located in the area outside the first spring (200) and the second spring (300).

Images