A simple automatic sprinkler system fire control effectiveness determination method

Abstract

This invention discloses a simplified method for determining the fire control effectiveness of an automatic sprinkler system, belonging to the field of fire protection engineering technology. The method includes: placing a test fire source according to the coverage area of ​​the sprinkler heads and a preset fire scale in the area to be assessed; activating the sprinkler head's heat-sensitive element when it reaches the activation threshold; deploying temperature sensing units at relevant points, collecting data with the sprinkler head activation as the zero point, and independently constructing a temperature-time curve for each point; setting up a waterproof protection zone with a baffle plate within the area to prevent water damage; after igniting the fire source, recording the slope of the temperature-time curve for each point within a preset time window after sprinkler activation; and determining the effectiveness of fire control based on the slope, the temperature in the non-fire source area, and the duration. This invention achieves low-destructive and reproducible verification through quantitative indicators and standardized processes, and is suitable for simplified sprinkler acceptance and design verification in small locations such as residences and small shops.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire protection engineering technology, specifically to a simple method for determining the fire control effectiveness of an automatic sprinkler system. Background Technology

[0002] Automatic sprinkler systems are core facilities for controlling initial fires, but traditional systems suffer from high costs, complex piping, and difficult maintenance, limiting their adoption in small spaces. Simplified automatic sprinkler systems, as a supplementary solution, aim to reduce fire protection costs and ensure basic safety through simplified design, but their widespread adoption still faces two major bottlenecks: First, existing local standards focus on fire extinguishing functions and have not adjusted key parameters such as water spray intensity and coverage area for the fire control needs of small venues, making it difficult to implement the system. Secondly, the lack of intuitive, quantifiable, and operable methods for determining the effectiveness of fire control makes it impossible to verify the actual effectiveness of the system through testing, which restricts its application in newly built, expanded, or renovated small venues.

[0003] Although some regions have introduced simplified sprinkler regulations, the logic and quantitative indicators for judging the effectiveness of fire control are not clearly defined, resulting in a lack of basis for system design and acceptance, making it difficult for the system to play its role in controlling fires in the early stages. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a simple method for determining the fire control effectiveness of an automatic sprinkler system, in order to solve the problem that existing simple automatic sprinkler systems lack quantitative determination methods for fire control needs in small places and cannot verify fire control effectiveness, and to achieve a reproducible, low-destructive, scientific and objective determination of fire control effectiveness.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A simplified method for determining the fire control effectiveness of an automatic sprinkler system includes the following steps: According to the coverage area of ​​the sprinkler heads in the area to be judged and the preset fire scale, the test fire source is placed. The sprinkler heads start spraying water in response to the fire signal. The fire signal is triggered by the thermistor of the sprinkler head after the fire temperature is detected to be greater than or equal to the activation threshold. Temperature sensing units are installed at the sprinkler head installation location, the edge of the ceiling and the inner corner of the site to be judged. Temperature data is collected at the sprinkler head start time as the zero point according to the preset sampling interval, and a corresponding temperature-time curve is constructed for each monitoring point. A waterproof protection zone is set up within the area to be judged, and a water barrier is set at the boundary of the waterproof protection zone to prevent the water sprayed from the sprinkler head from causing water damage to the area to be judged. The test ignition source is ignited, and the effectiveness of ignition control is determined based on the temperature-time curve. The slope of the temperature-time curve at the monitoring point where the temperature sensing unit is installed within the preset time window after the sprinkler head is started is determined. If the slope of each monitoring point is less than the preset cooling threshold and the temperature at each monitoring point does not exceed the preset safety threshold for the preset duration, then the fire control of the simple automatic sprinkler system is determined to be effective.

[0006] Furthermore, the placement of the experimental fire source is specifically as follows: The test fire source was located at the most unfavorable position covered by the sprinkler head; the most unfavorable position was the position within the sprinkler head's coverage area where the sprinkler head's response time was the longest and the water spray coverage was the weakest. When the sprinkler head is a sidewall type, the most unfavorable position is the ground projection point 3.35m away from the sprinkler head at a horizontal distance; When the sprinkler head is upright or pendant, the most unfavorable position is the ground projection point of the intersection of the diagonals of the four sprinkler heads.

[0007] Furthermore, the test ignition source is equipped with multiple standard combustibles according to the fire scale, specifically: The standard combustibles are arranged according to the preset fire scale, with a gap of 1cm to 1.5cm maintained between adjacent standard combustibles on the same floor; the gap is used to ensure complete combustion and air circulation. Furthermore, the standard incendiary material includes a corrugated cardboard box shell with external dimensions of approximately 0.5m × 0.5m × 0.5m, with a dimensional deviation of no more than 5%; and 125 independent accommodating spaces formed by corrugated cardboard partitions within the shell, arranged in an array of 5 rows, 5 columns, and 5 layers, with a container placed in each accommodating space; The container is a paper cup with a monomer weight of 14.5g and a weight deviation of no more than 0.5g; or the container is a polystyrene cup with a monomer weight of 22g and a weight deviation of no more than 0.5g.

[0008] Furthermore, the preset fire scale includes light hazard level and medium hazard level; When the preset fire scale is light hazard level, four of the aforementioned standard combustibles are placed on a single layer, and the internal container of the standard combustibles is a paper cup; When the preset fire scale is medium hazard level, eight standard combustibles are placed in two layers, with the center lines of the upper and lower layers of standard combustibles vertically aligned. The internal container of the standard combustibles is a paper cup. Alternatively, four standard combustibles are placed in a single layer, with the internal container of the standard combustibles being a polystyrene cup.

[0009] Furthermore, the preset cooling threshold is -0.2℃ / s; The preset safety threshold is 60℃, and the preset duration is 3 minutes; The preset sampling interval is 1 second; The preset time window is 5 minutes to 20 minutes.

[0010] Furthermore, the radius R of the waterproof protection zone boundary is calculated using the following formula: ; Wherein, H is the height of the splash plate of the sprinkler head from the ground; h is the height of the baffle plate, that is, the height of the top of the baffle plate at the boundary of the waterproof protection zone from the ground; a is a coefficient related to the system inlet water pressure; When the system inlet water pressure of the sprinkler head is 0.15MPa, 0.20MPa, 0.25MPa, 0.30MPa, 0.35MPa, and 0.40MPa, the coefficient 'a' takes the corresponding values ​​of 0.356, 0.312, 0.259, 0.235, 0.230, and 0.219, respectively. When the pressure is between the above discrete values, linear interpolation is used to determine 'a'. If the sprinkler head is an expanded coverage nozzle, the waterproof protection radius R is taken as 1.3 times the calculated value of the standard coverage nozzle.

[0011] Furthermore, the baffle plate is L-shaped, and at least one baffle plate is pre-installed with a siphon device, the outlet of which is connected to a drainage facility; The ground of the waterproof protection zone is covered with plastic sheeting, which is placed under the water barrier.

[0012] Furthermore, the test fire source is supported on the upper surface of a steel support, which is in the form of a grid with a hollow rate of 50%, and the upper surface of the steel support is 20cm above the ground.

[0013] Furthermore, the method also includes temporary fire protection for building components within the site to be determined, specifically: The roof of the site to be determined, which needs to be protected, is covered with a fireproof curtain with aluminum tubes sewn along the edges, and supported by vertical pipes inserted into pre-drilled holes in a concrete stack, which is located on the ground of the site to be determined. The side walls of the site to be protected are constructed using fire-resistant gypsum board or lightweight fire-resistant board, with aluminum alloy blocks used for connection at the joints. The bottom of the fire-resistant gypsum board or lightweight fire-resistant board is inserted into a pre-reserved groove in the concrete pier to reduce damage to the building components caused by the high temperature of the test.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention sets a standard combustible material of 14.5g paper cup or 22g plastic cup, and arranges them symmetrically in single or double layers. The location of the test fire source is determined according to the type of sprinkler head and the water inlet pressure of the system, which matches the characteristics of combustible material stacking in small places. A gap of 1cm to 1.5cm is maintained between the combustible materials in the same layer. The test has been verified to ensure that the flame and the side of the combustible material are in full contact, while maintaining air circulation, avoiding smoldering, and improving the reliability of the judgment results.

[0015] 2. The judgment condition is conservative and reliable. The test fire source is located at the most unfavorable position covered by the nozzle to simulate the worst fire control scenario, and the judgment result has a safety margin.

[0016] 3. The radius of the waterproof protection zone is calculated by fitting the spray trajectory of the nozzle, which reduces the impact of water stains on the test site; the bottom of the L-shaped water baffle is bent inward to enhance the waterproof effect by utilizing the gravity of the water flow; the siphon device is suitable for sites without drainage conditions, reducing test costs.

[0017] 4. Set up measuring points at the nozzles, the edge of the roof, and the inner corners to cover key areas where heat accumulates. The temperature data can accurately reflect the development trend of the fire, and the judgment results are more representative.

[0018] 5. Scientifically Quantitative Judgment Indicators: The dual-condition judgment is adopted, with a slope of <-0.2℃ / s and a non-fire source area temperature of ≤60℃ for 3 minutes. This not only verifies that the fire has not entered the full development stage, but also combines the temperature criteria for safe evacuation of personnel, which meets the fire control requirements of small venues. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining the fire control effectiveness of a simplified automatic sprinkler system as described in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a standard combustible material in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of eight standard combustibles in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0021] Example 1: This embodiment provides a simple method for determining the fire control effectiveness of an automatic sprinkler system, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps: According to the coverage area of ​​the sprinkler heads in the area to be judged and the preset fire scale, the test fire source is placed. The sprinkler heads start spraying water in response to the fire signal. The fire signal is triggered by the thermistor of the sprinkler head after the fire temperature is detected to be greater than or equal to the activation threshold. Temperature sensing units are installed at the sprinkler head installation location, the edge of the ceiling and the inner corner of the site to be judged. Temperature data is collected at the sprinkler head start time as the zero point according to the preset sampling interval, and a corresponding temperature-time curve is constructed for each monitoring point. A waterproof protection zone is set up within the area to be judged, and a water barrier is set at the boundary of the waterproof protection zone to prevent the water sprayed from the sprinkler head from causing water damage to the area to be judged. The test ignition source is ignited, and the effectiveness of ignition control is determined based on the temperature-time curve. The slope of the temperature-time curve at the monitoring point where the temperature sensing unit is installed within the preset time window after the sprinkler head is started is determined. If the slope of each monitoring point is less than the preset cooling threshold and the temperature at each monitoring point does not exceed the preset safety threshold for the preset duration, then the fire control of the simple automatic sprinkler system is determined to be effective.

[0022] The specific implementation process of the above method will be explained in detail below.

[0023] Step 1: Place the test fire source.

[0024] The test ignition source is placed according to the coverage area of ​​the sprinkler heads in the area to be tested and the preset fire scale. The preset fire scale includes light hazard and medium hazard levels. The placement pattern of the standard combustibles is set according to the preset fire scale, with a gap of 1cm to 1.5cm maintained between adjacent standard combustibles on the same floor; the gap is used to ensure complete combustion and air circulation. Figure 2 The structure of the standard combustible is shown. Figure 3 Eight standard combustible placement patterns were shown.

[0025] When the preset fire scale is light hazard level, four of the aforementioned standard combustibles are placed on a single layer, and the internal container of the standard combustibles is a paper cup; When the preset fire scale is medium hazard level, eight standard combustibles are placed in two layers, with the center lines of the upper and lower layers of standard combustibles vertically aligned. The internal container of the standard combustibles is a paper cup. Alternatively, four standard combustibles are placed in a single layer, with the internal container of the standard combustibles being a polystyrene cup. It can also be flexibly adjusted according to the actual fire scale that can be achieved in the place to be determined.

[0026] In this embodiment, the location to be determined is an area of ​​approximately 20 square meters. The residential unit's interior space is equipped with standard upright sprinkler heads, covering an area of ​​3m x 3m. The pre-set fire scale is minor hazard.

[0027] First, standard incendiary materials are prepared, including a corrugated cardboard box shell with external dimensions of approximately 0.5m × 0.5m × 0.5m, with a dimensional deviation of no more than 5%; and 125 independent accommodating spaces formed by corrugated cardboard partitions within the shell, arranged in a 5x5x5x5 layer array, with one container placed in each accommodating space. The container is a paper cup with a unit weight of 14.5g and a weight deviation of no more than 0.5g; or the container is a polystyrene cup with a unit weight of 22g and a weight deviation of no more than 0.5g. In this embodiment, four standard incendiary materials are prepared, with one paper cup placed in each accommodating space, each with a unit weight of 14.5g.

[0028] The standard combustible material has been verified through physical testing that its heat release rate characteristics match the initial fire development characteristics of light-hazard (such as residential living rooms) and medium-hazard (such as shops) locations, and can stably reproduce the fire source conditions of the corresponding hazard level.

[0029] Furthermore, the test ignition source is supported on the upper surface of a steel support frame. The steel support frame is in the form of a grid with a 50% open area, and the upper surface of the steel support frame is 20cm above the ground. This gap, combined with the grid open area, ensures that air flows into the bottom of the burning material from below and to the sides of the grid, allowing the containers in the 125 independent compartments to burn evenly. At the same time, the steel support frame isolates the burning material from the ground, limiting the spread of flames and molten droplets to the ground. In this embodiment, the test ignition source, i.e., four standard burning materials, is placed in a single layer on the steel support frame. Adjacent burning materials in the same layer are kept within a range of 1cm to 1.5cm, such as 1.2cm. This gap is used to ensure complete combustion and air circulation.

[0030] The test fire source was positioned at the most unfavorable location within the sprinkler head's coverage area. The most unfavorable location is the position within the sprinkler head's coverage area where the sprinkler head's response time is longest and the spray coverage is weakest. When the sprinkler head is a sidewall type, the most unfavorable location is the ground projection point 3.35m horizontally away from the sprinkler head. When the sprinkler head is an upright or pendant type, the most unfavorable location is the ground projection point of the intersection of the diagonals of the four sprinkler heads. In this embodiment, an upright sprinkler head is used, and the most unfavorable location is the ground projection point of the intersection of the diagonals of the four sprinkler heads, i.e., the position with the longest sprinkler head response time and the weakest spray coverage. The sprinkler head initiates spraying in response to a fire signal. The fire signal is triggered when the sprinkler head's thermal element detects a fire temperature greater than or equal to a trigger threshold, such as 68°C.

[0031] Step 2: Deploy the temperature sensing unit.

[0032] Temperature sensing units are installed at the sprinkler head installation locations, the edges of the ceiling slab in the area to be assessed, and the inner corners. Specific installation locations and parameters are as follows: The sprinkler head is installed within 10cm horizontally from the splash plate, and is used to monitor the cooling effect after the sprinkler head is started. The edges and inner corners of the top plate, as well as the midpoint and inner corners of the long side of the top plate, are used to monitor heat accumulation. Taking the start-up time of the sprinkler head as the zero point, temperature data is collected at a preset sampling interval, such as 1 second. A corresponding temperature-time curve is constructed for each monitoring point, where the horizontal axis represents time, the vertical axis represents temperature, and the slope of the curve represents the rate of temperature change, in °C / s. Negative values ​​indicate a decrease in temperature, and positive values ​​indicate an increase in temperature.

[0033] Step 3: Set up a waterproof protection zone.

[0034] A waterproof protection zone is established within the area to be assessed, and a water-blocking plate is installed at the boundary of the waterproof protection zone to prevent water spray from the sprinkler heads from causing water damage to the area to be assessed. Specific configuration of the waterproof protection zone: Calculate the boundary radius R of the waterproof protection zone using the formula: Wherein, H is the height of the splash plate of the sprinkler head from the ground, which is 3.0m in this embodiment; h is the height of the baffle plate, that is, the height of the top of the baffle plate at the boundary of the waterproof protection zone from the ground, which is 0.5m in this embodiment; a is a coefficient related to the system inlet water pressure, which is an empirical fitting coefficient, in units of... Through physical testing, it was found that a is positively correlated with the system inlet water pressure; that is, the higher the pressure, the smaller 'a' is, and the larger the waterproof protection radius. The values ​​of 'a' under different system inlet water pressures are shown in Table 1. When the system inlet water pressure falls within the discrete values ​​in Table 1, linear interpolation is used to determine 'a'.

[0035] Table 1. Correspondence between system inlet water pressure and coefficient a

[0036] In this embodiment, when the system inlet water pressure is 0.20 MPa, the coefficient 'a' corresponds to a value of 0.312, and the calculated radius R ≈ 2.8 m. If the pressure is between the above discrete values, such as 0.28 MPa, linear interpolation is used to determine a = (0.259 + 0.235) / 2 = 0.247. If the sprinkler head is an expanded coverage sprinkler head, the waterproof protection radius R is taken as 1.3 times the calculated value of the standard coverage sprinkler head.

[0037] An L-shaped water barrier is installed along the boundary with a radius of 2.8m. The bottom plate is bent inward to enhance the waterproofing effect by utilizing the gravity of the water flow. At least one L-shaped water barrier is pre-installed with a siphon device, and the outlet is connected to the drainage facility. A plastic sheet is laid on the ground of the waterproof protection zone and placed under the L-shaped water barrier to reduce water damage.

[0038] Step 4: Ignition of the fire source and determination of fire control effectiveness.

[0039] Ignite the test flame source. Wrap a piece of fiber cotton soaked in 440 mL of n-heptane in polyethylene and place it in the center of the lower perforated area of ​​a steel support. Ignite it with a torch soaked in gasoline. Measure the slope of the temperature-time curve within the preset time window of 5 to 20 minutes after the sprinkler head is activated. If both of the following conditions are met simultaneously, the simple automatic sprinkler system is deemed to have effective fire control: (1) Take the slope of the temperature-time curve at each monitoring point, namely the sprinkler head installation position, the edge of the top plate and the inner corner position; the slope of each monitoring point is less than the preset cooling threshold such as -0.2℃ / s; (2) The temperature at each monitoring point is not higher than the preset safety threshold of 60℃ for a preset duration of 3 minutes.

[0040] The preset cooling threshold is -0.2℃ / s, meaning the temperature drop rate is not less than 0.2℃ / s. Verified by 30 sets of physical tests, when the slope of the temperature change curve is ≤-0.2℃ / s, it indicates that the sprinkler spray has effectively controlled the fire, the fire has not entered the full development stage and there is no constant temperature section, and the temperature in the non-fire source area can be maintained at ≤60℃ for 3 minutes. This threshold setting meets the temperature criteria for safe evacuation of personnel in small places.

[0041] In this embodiment, the slope of the sprinkler head installation position is -0.25℃ / s, which is less than -0.2℃ / s; the slope of the top plate edge and inner corner position is -0.22℃ / s, which is less than -0.2℃ / s; and the temperature of the other monitoring points drops to 55℃ 2 minutes after the sprinkler head is started, and remains ≤60℃ for 3 minutes.

[0042] If the above two conditions are met, the fire control of the simplified automatic sprinkler system is deemed effective. Specifically, a slope of less than -0.2℃ / s verifies that the fire has not entered the full stage, and a temperature of ≤60℃ for 3 minutes verifies safety.

[0043] Furthermore, the method also includes temporary fire protection for building components within the site to be assessed: For roof protection, a fireproof curtain with aluminum tubes sewn along the edges is used to cover the roof. The roof is supported by risers inserted into pre-drilled holes in the concrete piers, which are located on the ground. For side wall protection, fireproof gypsum board or lightweight fireproof board is used to splice the side walls. The splices are connected with aluminum alloy blocks. The bottom of the fireproof gypsum board or lightweight fireproof board is inserted into a pre-drilled groove in the concrete pier to reduce damage to the building components caused by the high temperature of the test.

[0044] The parameters used in this embodiment, such as the 0.5m×0.5m×0.5m corrugated cardboard box shell, 125 independent storage spaces, 14.5g paper cups or 22g polystyrene cups, 1cm~1.5cm gap between burning materials, 3.35m as the most unfavorable position, the α coefficient table, and the 1.3 times expanded coverage area nozzle correction coefficient, are all optimal parameters obtained through fitting from physical experiments to make the judgment method effective. These parameters are the premise for the judgment logic to hold: if the size / mass of the burning material deviates from the above range, it will change the heat release rate of the test fire source, resulting in a change in the slope of the temperature-time curve; if the most unfavorable position / radius of the waterproof protection zone deviates, it will cause abnormal nozzle response time / water flow coverage, directly affecting the accuracy of the judgment condition of "slope < -0.2℃ / s + non-fire source area temperature ≤ 60℃ for 3 minutes", and may even cause the judgment result to fail.

[0045] It should be noted that the 0.5m×0.5m×0.5m combustible material, 14.5g or 22g container, 1cm~1.5cm gap, 3.35m most unfavorable position, the correspondence between coefficient a and system inlet water pressure, and the 1.3 times correction coefficient used in this embodiment are all optimal parameters fitted by the actual test and are the premise for the judgment logic to be valid. If the parameters deviate from the above range, it will change the heat release rate of the test fire source or the response characteristics of the nozzle, directly affecting the accuracy of the judgment of slope <-0.2℃ / s and non-fire source area ≤60℃ for 3min.

[0046] Example 2: This example is for a small shop with a space of approximately 40 square meters. The effectiveness of fire control was determined using a simple automatic sprinkler system. The sprinkler heads were sidewall-type sprinklers with expanded coverage area, the splash plate height was H=2.8m, and the preset fire hazard level was medium hazard.

[0047] Step 1: Configure the test ignition source.

[0048] Eight standard incendiary materials were prepared based on a preset fire hazard level, i.e., medium hazard. The structure of the standard incendiary materials was the same as in Example 1: a 0.5m³ shell, 125 independent spaces, and 14.5g paper cups / 22g plastic cups. The eight standard incendiary materials were arranged in two layers, with the centerlines of the upper and lower layers vertically aligned, and a 1.3cm gap maintained between adjacent materials in the same layer. The sidewall-type sprinkler head had a coverage area of ​​4m × 4m. The most unfavorable position was the ground projection point 3.35m horizontally from the sprinkler head, where the test fire source was placed.

[0049] Step 2: Deploy the temperature sensing unit.

[0050] Similar to Example 1, thermocouples were placed at three locations with a 1-second sampling interval, and curves were constructed independently at each measuring point.

[0051] Step 3: Set up a waterproof protection zone.

[0052] The system inlet water pressure is 0.30 MPa, and the coefficient 'a' corresponds to a value of 0.235. The height of the baffle plate is h = 0.12 m, and the radius of the standard coverage area sprinkler is calculated to be R ≈ 3.4 m. Because an expanded coverage area sprinkler is used, the waterproof protection radius is taken as 1.3 times the standard value, i.e., R = 3.4 × 1.3 ≈ 4.4 m. The baffle plate, siphon device, and plastic sheet are set up in the same way as in Example 1.

[0053] Step 4: Ignition of the fire source and determination of fire control effectiveness.

[0054] Similar to Example 1, the fire signal triggers the sprinkler heads to spray water. The window slope is measured over a period of 5-20 minutes, with the sprinkler head installation location slope being -0.23℃ / s (<-0.2℃ / s); and the ceiling edge and inner corner slope being -0.21℃ / s (<-0.2℃ / s). If the temperature in the non-fire source area remains ≤58℃ for 3 minutes, the fire is considered effectively controlled.

[0055] Furthermore, the method also includes temporary fire protection for building components within the site to be determined, the process being the same as in Example 1, with fire curtains and fireproof gypsum boards installed to reduce high-temperature damage.

[0056] Embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0057] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0058] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0059] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0060] Contents not described in detail in this specification are prior art known to those skilled in the art. It is hereby indicated that the above description is intended to help those skilled in the art understand this invention, but does not limit the scope of protection of this invention. Any equivalent substitutions, modifications, improvements, or simplifications of the above descriptions that do not depart from the essential content of this invention fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A simplified method for determining the fire control effectiveness of an automatic sprinkler system, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: According to the coverage area of ​​the sprinkler heads in the area to be judged and the preset fire scale, the test fire source is placed. The sprinkler heads start spraying water in response to the fire signal. The fire signal is triggered by the thermistor of the sprinkler head after the fire temperature is detected to be greater than or equal to the activation threshold. Temperature sensing units are installed at the sprinkler head installation location, the edge of the ceiling and the inner corner of the site to be judged. Temperature data is collected at the sprinkler head start time as the zero point according to the preset sampling interval, and a corresponding temperature-time curve is constructed for each monitoring point. A waterproof protection zone is set up within the area to be judged, and a water barrier is set at the boundary of the waterproof protection zone to prevent the water sprayed from the sprinkler head from causing water damage to the area to be judged. The test ignition source is ignited, and the effectiveness of ignition control is determined based on the temperature-time curve. The slope of the temperature-time curve at the monitoring point where the temperature sensing unit is installed within the preset time window after the sprinkler head is started is determined. If the slope of each monitoring point is less than the preset cooling threshold and the temperature at each monitoring point does not exceed the preset safety threshold for the preset duration, then the fire control of the simple automatic sprinkler system is determined to be effective.

2. The method for determining the fire control effectiveness of a simplified automatic sprinkler system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The placement of the experimental fire source is specifically as follows: The test fire source was located at the most unfavorable position covered by the sprinkler head; the most unfavorable position was the position within the sprinkler head's coverage area where the sprinkler head's response time was the longest and the water spray coverage was the weakest. When the sprinkler head is a sidewall type, the most unfavorable position is the ground projection point 3.35m away from the sprinkler head at a horizontal distance; When the sprinkler head is upright or pendant, the most unfavorable position is the ground projection point of the intersection of the diagonals of the four sprinkler heads.

3. The method for determining the fire control effectiveness of a simplified automatic sprinkler system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The test ignition source was equipped with multiple standard combustibles based on the fire scale, specifically: The standard combustibles are arranged according to the preset fire scale, with a gap of 1cm to 1.5cm between adjacent standard combustibles on the same floor; the gap is used to ensure complete combustion and air circulation.

4. The method for determining the fire control effectiveness of a simplified automatic sprinkler system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The standard combustible material includes a corrugated cardboard box shell with external dimensions of approximately 0.5m × 0.5m × 0.5m, with a dimensional deviation of no more than 5%; and 125 independent accommodating spaces formed by corrugated cardboard partitions within the shell, arranged in an array of 5 rows, 5 columns, and 5 layers, with a container placed in each accommodating space. The container is a paper cup with a monomer weight of 14.5g and a weight deviation of no more than 0.5g; or the container is a polystyrene cup with a monomer weight of 22g and a weight deviation of no more than 0.5g.

5. The method for determining the fire control effectiveness of a simplified automatic sprinkler system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The preset fire scale includes light hazard level and medium hazard level; When the preset fire scale is light hazard level, four of the aforementioned standard combustibles are placed on a single layer, and the internal container of the standard combustibles is a paper cup; When the preset fire scale is medium hazard level, eight standard combustibles are placed in two layers, with the center lines of the upper and lower layers of standard combustibles vertically aligned. The internal container of the standard combustibles is a paper cup. Alternatively, four standard combustibles are placed in a single layer, with the internal container of the standard combustibles being a polystyrene cup.

6. The method for determining the fire control effectiveness of a simplified automatic sprinkler system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset cooling threshold is -0.2℃ / s; The preset safety threshold is 60℃, and the preset duration is 3 minutes; The preset sampling interval is 1 second; The preset time window is 5 minutes to 20 minutes.

7. The method for determining the fire control effectiveness of a simplified automatic sprinkler system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radius R of the waterproof protection zone boundary is calculated using the following formula: ； Wherein, H is the height of the splash plate of the sprinkler head from the ground; h is the height of the baffle plate, that is, the height of the top of the baffle plate at the boundary of the waterproof protection zone from the ground; a is a coefficient related to the system inlet water pressure; When the system inlet water pressure of the sprinkler head is 0.15MPa, 0.20MPa, 0.25MPa, 0.30MPa, 0.35MPa, and 0.40MPa, the coefficient 'a' takes the corresponding values ​​of 0.356, 0.312, 0.259, 0.235, 0.230, and 0.219, respectively. When the pressure is between the above discrete values, linear interpolation is used to determine 'a'. If the sprinkler head is an expanded coverage nozzle, the waterproof protection radius R is taken as 1.3 times the calculated value of the standard coverage nozzle.

8. The method for determining the fire control effectiveness of a simplified automatic sprinkler system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The water baffle is L-shaped, and at least one of the water baffles is pre-installed with a siphon device, the outlet of which is connected to a drainage facility. The ground of the waterproof protection zone is covered with plastic sheeting, which is placed under the water barrier.

9. The method for determining the fire control effectiveness of a simplified automatic sprinkler system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The test fire source is supported on the upper surface of a steel support frame. The steel support frame is in the form of a grid with a hollow rate of 50%. The upper surface of the steel support frame is 20cm above the ground.

10. The method for determining the fire control effectiveness of a simplified automatic sprinkler system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method also includes temporary fire protection for building components within the site to be determined, specifically: The roof of the site to be determined, which needs to be protected, is covered with a fireproof curtain with aluminum tubes sewn along the edges, and supported by vertical pipes inserted into pre-drilled holes in a concrete stack, which is located on the ground of the site to be determined. The side walls of the site to be protected are constructed using fire-resistant gypsum board or lightweight fire-resistant board, with aluminum alloy blocks used for connection at the joints. The bottom of the fire-resistant gypsum board or lightweight fire-resistant board is inserted into a pre-reserved groove in the concrete pier to reduce damage to the building components caused by the high temperature of the test.

Images