An adjusting tool for bogie wheel falling assembly

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of locomotive bogie technology and discloses an adjustment fixture for bogie wheel assembly. The adjustment fixture includes a first pad, a second pad, two support seats, and two sets of support components. The first and second pads are parallel and spaced apart along a first horizontal direction, and both are fixed to the ground. The two support seats are respectively connected to the first and second pads, and the distance between the two support seats is adjustable. The two sets of support components correspond one-to-one with the two support seats. Each set of support components includes multiple wheel support mechanisms, and each wheel support mechanism is slidably connected to its corresponding support seat along a second horizontal direction. The distance between adjacent wheel support mechanisms in each set of support components is adjustable. The wheel support mechanisms support wheelsets, and the first horizontal direction is perpendicular to the second horizontal direction. This invention provides an adjustment fixture for bogie wheel assembly that is simple to operate, reduces manual labor intensity, and improves work efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of locomotive bogie technology, and more particularly to an adjustment tool for assembling bogie drop wheels. Background Technology

[0002] The bogie is a core running gear in rail transit equipment, and the quality of its wheel assembly directly determines the vehicle's stability, safety, and service life. With the rapid development of the rail transit industry, various types of rail vehicles, including urban rail, high-speed trains, and freight trains, are undergoing iterative upgrades. The track gauge and wheelbase parameters of bogies for different vehicle models vary significantly, making mass production of multi-gauge and multi-wheelbase bogies the norm in the industry. Wheel assembly is a critical process in bogie manufacturing, requiring precise positioning and support of the wheelsets using specialized tooling to achieve accurate alignment between the frame and the wheelsets. Therefore, wheel adjustment tooling that is adaptable to multiple bogie specifications and possesses high precision and versatility is core equipment for ensuring bogie assembly efficiency and finished product quality.

[0003] In related technologies, the existing tooling wheelbase adaptation method involves assembling multiple sections of split rails with detachable connecting units. Depending on the wheelbase parameters of different bogies, the number of rail sections is increased or decreased, the rail docking positions are adjusted, and the connecting units are used to lock and fix the tooling, thereby changing the longitudinal support spacing to adapt to the wheel drop requirements of different wheelbases. In contrast, the track gauge adaptation method involves equipping multiple sets of lateral adjustment rods of different lengths. For bogies with different track gauge parameters, the corresponding lateral adjustment rods are manually disassembled and replaced to adjust the lateral spacing of the wheel support mechanisms on both sides, thus meeting the wheel drop assembly requirements of bogies with different track gauges.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned adjustment fixtures still have obvious shortcomings in actual application: the operation process of locking the track splicing and connecting unit and manually replacing the lateral adjustment rod is cumbersome. Each time different bogies are adapted, the fixtures need to be manually disassembled, reassembled and calibrated. The adjustment is time-consuming and the process flow efficiency is low, which cannot meet the needs of mass production of multiple models on mixed lines. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an adjustment fixture for assembling bogie wheels, which is simple to operate, reduces manual labor intensity, and improves work efficiency.

[0006] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An adjustment fixture for assembling bogie drop wheels is provided, comprising: The first pad and the second pad are parallel and spaced apart along the first horizontal direction, and both the first pad and the second pad are used to fix to the ground. Two support bases are connected to the first pad and the second pad respectively, and the distance between the two support bases is adjustable; Two sets of support components, each corresponding to one of the two support seats. Each set of support components includes multiple wheel support mechanisms. Each wheel support mechanism is slidably connected to the corresponding support seat along the second horizontal direction. The spacing between two adjacent wheel support mechanisms in each set of support components is adjustable. The wheel support mechanisms are used to support wheelsets. The first horizontal direction is perpendicular to the second horizontal direction.

[0007] As one possible implementation of the above-mentioned adjustment fixture for bogie wheel assembly, one support is fixedly connected to the first pad, and the other support is slidably connected to the second pad along the first horizontal direction; the adjustment fixture also includes a drive assembly, which is disposed between the first pad and the second pad, and the drive assembly is capable of driving the other support to move along the second horizontal direction.

[0008] As one possible implementation of the aforementioned adjusting fixture for assembling bogie wheels, each support is provided with a first sliding groove extending along a second horizontal direction. The adjusting fixture also includes a first slider slidably disposed within the first sliding groove. The driving assembly includes: Two transverse linkages are arranged crosswise and hinged at the middle. One end of each transverse linkage is hinged to the corresponding support seat, and the other end is hinged to the first slider of the other support seat. Two first driving elements are provided, each corresponding to one of the two transverse connecting rods. The mounting end of each first driving element is hinged to the corresponding support base, and its output end is hinged to the first slider on the same support base.

[0009] As one possible implementation of the adjustment fixture for bogie wheel assembly, the adjustment fixture further includes multiple second driving components, which are arranged one-to-one with multiple wheel support mechanisms. The second driving components are installed on corresponding support seats and can drive the corresponding wheel support mechanism to move along a second horizontal direction.

[0010] As one possible implementation of the adjustment fixture for bogie wheel assembly, each support is provided with a second slide groove extending along a second horizontal direction, and the wheel support mechanism is provided with a second slider that is slidably disposed within the second slide groove; the mounting end of the second drive member is hinged to the corresponding support, and the output end of the second drive member is hinged to the corresponding wheel support mechanism.

[0011] As one possible implementation of the aforementioned adjusting fixture for assembling bogie wheels, the wheel support mechanism includes: The first sleeve has a second slider fixedly connected to its bottom; The second sleeve is slidably fitted onto the outside of the first sleeve in a vertical direction; The third driving component has its mounting end hinged to the bottom wall of the first sleeve and its output end hinged to the second sleeve. The third driving component can drive the second sleeve to move in the vertical direction. The wheel frame is used to support the wheelset. The wheel frame is located on the top of the second sleeve, and the wheel frame and the second sleeve slide in a second horizontal direction.

[0012] As one possible implementation of the adjustment fixture for bogie wheel assembly, a first slide rail is fixedly connected to the bottom of the wheel frame, and a second slide rail is fixedly connected to the top of the second sleeve. Both the first and second slide rails extend along a second horizontal direction, and the first and second slide rails slide in cooperation.

[0013] As one possible implementation of the aforementioned adjusting fixture for assembling bogie wheels, the wheel support mechanism further includes: Mounting plate, the mounting plate is inserted into the wheel frame; A lead screw is rotatably connected to a mounting plate. The lead screw extends along a second horizontal direction and has a forward thread section and a reverse thread section. Two adjusting plates are threadedly connected to the forward thread section and the reverse thread section respectively, and the adjusting plates are configured to reciprocate linearly along the second horizontal direction. Two elastic elements, one end of which abuts against the opposite sides of the mounting plate, and the other end of which abuts against the corresponding adjusting plate.

[0014] As one possible implementation of the aforementioned adjustment fixture for bogie wheel assembly, the wheel support mechanism further includes two fixing blocks, which are spaced apart along a second horizontal direction and located on opposite sides of the two adjustment plates. The two fixing blocks are fixedly connected to the second sleeve; the two ends of the lead screw pass through the corresponding fixing blocks and are screwed to nuts.

[0015] As one possible implementation of the aforementioned adjustment fixture for bogie wheel assembly, the wheel frame includes a frame body, and a support portion and a limiting portion connected to the frame body. The support portion and the limiting portion are spaced apart along a first horizontal direction. The support portion is used to support the wheelset, and the limiting portion can abut against the wheelset.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention provides an adjustment fixture for assembling bogie wheel drops. By setting two adjustable support seats on a first and second pad, the lateral support spacing of the fixture can be flexibly adjusted, replacing the existing method of manually disassembling and replacing lateral adjustment rods of different specifications. It eliminates the need to stock multiple sets of lateral adjustment rod parts of different lengths, avoiding the tedious process of manually replacing parts and the possibility of part mismatch errors. It can quickly adapt the lateral dimensions according to the track gauge parameters of different bogies, simplifying the track gauge adaptation process and shortening the track gauge adjustment operation time.

[0017] Meanwhile, multiple wheel support mechanisms of each support component are slidably connected to the corresponding support seats, and the spacing between adjacent wheel support mechanisms can be adaptively adjusted. Relying on the sliding adjustment function of the wheel support mechanism along the second horizontal direction, the cumbersome operation of splicing multiple sections of the track, adding or removing track sections, and repeatedly disassembling and locking the connection unit in the existing technology is eliminated. There is no need for manual disassembly, reassembly and repeated calibration of the track structure. The longitudinal spacing of the wheel support mechanisms on both sides can be adjusted in real time and accurately according to the bogie wheelbase parameters, and the wheel support adaptation operation of bogies with different wheelbases can be completed efficiently.

[0018] This tooling enables integrated and rapid adjustment of wheelbase and track gauge. The overall adjustment process does not require a large amount of manual disassembly, reassembly, and calibration work, which greatly reduces the intensity of manual operation, improves the adjustment accuracy and efficiency of tooling specification switching, effectively shortens the process flow cycle of bogie wheel assembly of different specifications, improves the overall production efficiency and production adaptability of bogie wheel assembly, and can be widely adapted to the large-scale wheel assembly operation scenarios of bogies of various models. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment fixture for bogie wheel assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first pad, the second pad, and the support base provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the wheel support mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the wheel support mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the lead screw structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a first schematic diagram of the bogie wheel assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a second schematic diagram of the bogie wheel assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. First pad; 2. Second pad; 201. Lateral slide rail; 3. Support base; 301. First slide groove; 302. First slider; 303. Transverse connecting rod; 304. First driving component; 305. Second driving component; 306. Second slide groove; 4. Wheel support mechanism; 401. First sleeve; 402. Second slider; 403. Second sleeve; 404. Third drive component; 405. Wheel frame; 4051. Frame body; 4052. Support part; 4053. Limiting part; 406. First slide rail; 407. Second slide rail; 408. Mounting plate; 409. Lead screw; 4091. Forward threaded section; 4092. Reverse threaded section; 410. Adjusting plate; 411. Elastic element; 412. Fixing block; 5. Wheelset; 6. Frame. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.

[0022] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0023] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0024] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," and "right," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0025] like Figure 1-7As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an adjustment fixture for assembling bogie wheels, including a first pad 1, a second pad 2, two support seats, and two sets of support assemblies. The first pad 1 and the second pad 2 are parallel and spaced apart along a first horizontal direction. Both the first pad 1 and the second pad 2 are fixed to the ground. The two support seats 3 are respectively connected to the first pad 1 and the second pad 2, and the distance between the two support seats 3 is adjustable. The two sets of support assemblies correspond one-to-one with the two support seats 3. Each set of support assemblies includes multiple wheel support mechanisms 4. Each wheel support mechanism 4 is slidably connected to the corresponding support seat 3 along a second horizontal direction. The distance between two adjacent wheel support mechanisms 4 in each set of support assemblies is adjustable. The wheel support mechanism 4 is used to support wheelsets 5. The first horizontal direction is perpendicular to the second horizontal direction. Specifically, the first pad 1 and the second pad 2 are fixed to the ground by bolts. In particular, the first horizontal direction is defined as transverse, and the second horizontal direction is defined as longitudinal.

[0026] By setting two adjustable support seats 3 on the first pad 1 and the second pad 2 respectively, the lateral support spacing of the tooling is flexibly adjusted, replacing the existing method of manually disassembling and replacing lateral adjustment rods of different specifications. This eliminates the need to stock multiple sets of lateral adjustment rod parts of different lengths, avoids the tedious process of manually replacing parts and the possibility of part mismatch, and allows for quick adaptation of lateral dimensions according to the track gauge parameters of different bogies. This simplifies the track gauge adaptation process and shortens the operation time for track gauge adjustment.

[0027] Meanwhile, multiple wheel support mechanisms 4 of each support component are slidably connected to the corresponding support seats 3, and the spacing between adjacent wheel support mechanisms 4 can be adaptively adjusted. Relying on the sliding adjustment function of the wheel support mechanism 4 along the second horizontal direction, the cumbersome operation of splicing multiple sections of the track, adding or removing track sections, and repeatedly disassembling and locking the connection unit in the existing technology is eliminated. There is no need for manual disassembly, reassembly and repeated calibration of the track structure. The longitudinal spacing of the wheel support mechanisms 4 on both sides can be adjusted in real time and accurately according to the bogie wheelbase parameters, and the wheel support adaptation operation of bogies with different wheelbases can be completed efficiently.

[0028] This tooling enables integrated and rapid adjustment of multiple track gauges and wheelbases. The overall adjustment process does not require a large amount of manual disassembly, reassembly, and calibration work, which greatly reduces the intensity of manual operation, improves the adjustment accuracy and efficiency of tooling specification switching, effectively shortens the process flow cycle of bogie wheel assembly of different specifications, improves the overall production efficiency and production adaptability of bogie wheel assembly, and can be widely adapted to the large-scale wheel assembly operation scenarios of bogies of various models.

[0029] Furthermore, one support 3 is fixedly connected to the first pad 1, and the other support 3 is slidably connected to the second pad 2 along the first horizontal direction; the adjustment fixture also includes a drive assembly, which is disposed between the two support 3s and can drive the other support 3 to move along the second horizontal direction.

[0030] By fixing one of the support seats 3 to the first pad 1, a reference positioning is formed for the overall support structure, ensuring the uniqueness and stability of the tooling's operating reference. Simultaneously, the other support seat 3 is slidably connected to the second pad 2, and in conjunction with the drive assembly located between the two support seats 3, the distance between them is automatically adjusted, adapting to the bogie wheel lowering requirements for different track gauge parameters. This structure allows for rapid track gauge specification switching solely through the drive assembly, completely eliminating the traditional tooling method of manually changing lateral adjustment rods of different lengths for track gauge adjustment. This simplifies the adjustment process, further shortens the tooling adaptation time, and reduces manual operation errors and labor intensity.

[0031] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, each support 3 is provided with a first slide groove 301, which extends along a second horizontal direction. The adjusting fixture also includes a first slider 302, which is slidably disposed within the first slide groove 301. The driving assembly includes two transverse connecting rods 303 and two first driving members 304. The two transverse connecting rods 303 are arranged crosswise and hinged at their middle portions. One end of each transverse connecting rod 303 is hinged to the corresponding support 3, and the other end is hinged to the first slider 302 of the other support 3. The two first driving members 304 correspond one-to-one with the two transverse connecting rods 303. The mounting end of each first driving member 304 is hinged to the corresponding support 3, and its output end is hinged to the first slider 302 on the same support 3. Specifically, the first driving member 304 is a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder.

[0032] The two cross-shaped transverse linkages 303 are hinged at both ends to the two side support seats 3 and the corresponding first sliders 302, respectively. The first sliders 302 are slidably engaged with the first slide grooves 301. Under the extension and retraction of the first driving member 304, the two ends of the two transverse linkages 303 move closer or further away from each other, thereby causing the two side support seats 3 to move further or closer to each other, thus realizing the adjustment of the lateral spacing of the two wheel support mechanisms 4 to adapt to the wheel drop requirements of bogies with different track gauge specifications.

[0033] Furthermore, the adjustment fixture also includes multiple second drive components 305, which are configured one-to-one with multiple wheel support mechanisms 4. The second drive components 305 are installed on the corresponding support base 3, and the second drive components 305 can drive the corresponding wheel support mechanism 4 to move along the second horizontal direction.

[0034] Each wheel support mechanism 4 is equipped with an independent second drive component 305, which is integrated and installed on the support base 3. The second drive component 305 drives the corresponding wheel support mechanism 4 to move along the second horizontal direction to achieve independent displacement adjustment, which can meet the wheel assembly requirements of bogies with different wheelbase parameters. At the same time, each second drive component 305 operates independently and does not interfere with each other. Single-group adjustment or multi-group synchronous adjustment can be flexibly selected according to actual assembly requirements. The adjustment method is flexible and controllable, which further simplifies the wheelbase adaptation process of bogies of multiple models and specifications, shortens the tooling changeover adjustment time, and effectively improves tooling changeover efficiency and production line turnover efficiency.

[0035] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, each support base 3 is provided with a second sliding groove 306, which extends along a second horizontal direction. The wheel support mechanism 4 is provided with a second slider 402, which is slidably disposed within the second sliding groove 306. The mounting end of the second driving member 305 is hinged to the corresponding support base 3, and the output end of the second driving member 305 is hinged to the corresponding wheel support mechanism 4. Specifically, the second driving member 305 is a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder.

[0036] A second sliding groove 306 extending along the second horizontal direction is provided on the support base 3, and a second slider 402 is matchedly provided on the wheel support mechanism 4. Through the sliding engagement of the second slider 402 and the second sliding groove 306, precise guidance is provided for the longitudinal movement of the wheel support mechanism 4, ensuring that it slides smoothly only along the second horizontal direction and avoiding problems such as deflection, tilting, and swaying during the adjustment process. At the same time, the mounting end of the second drive component 305 is hinged to the support base 3, and the output end is hinged to the corresponding wheel support mechanism 4. The hinged arrangement can effectively compensate for the assembly deviation caused by the clearance between the slider and the sliding groove, adaptively offset the stress interference during the adjustment process, avoid drive jamming, deformation under force, abnormal noise and jamming, and improve the smoothness of drive adjustment and structural reliability.

[0037] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the wheel support mechanism 4 includes a first sleeve 401, a second sleeve 403, a third drive member 404, and a wheel frame 405. A second slider 402 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first sleeve 401. The second sleeve 403 is slidably sleeved on the outside of the first sleeve 401 in a vertical direction. The mounting end of the third drive member 404 is hinged to the bottom wall of the first sleeve 401, and the output end of the third drive member 404 is hinged to the second sleeve 403. The third drive member 404 can drive the second sleeve 403 to move in a vertical direction. The wheel frame 405 supports the wheelset 5 and is located on the top of the second sleeve 403, with the wheel frame 405 and the second sleeve 403 slidingly engaged in a second horizontal direction. Specifically, the third drive member 404 is a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder.

[0038] By vertically sliding and engaging the second sleeve 403 with the first sleeve 401, and relying on the hinged third driving member 404 to drive the second sleeve 403 to move up and down in the vertical direction, the wheel support mechanism 4 has the ability to adaptively adjust the vertical height. It can precisely adjust the vertical support height of the wheel frame 405 according to the diameter of different bogie wheelsets 5 and the requirements for wheel assembly height, effectively compatible with the wheel support conditions of wheelsets 5 with different wheel diameters, and greatly improve the vertical adaptability and versatility of the tooling.

[0039] The wheel frame 405 and the top of the second sleeve 403 form a sliding fit structure in the second horizontal direction, which enables the wheel frame 405 to independently complete a small-amplitude adaptive sliding adjustment in the lateral direction, in addition to having a vertical height adjustment function. It can achieve micro-adaptive alignment during the wheel docking process, buffer assembly errors, and avoid hard contact that could cause the wheel pair 5 to collide and the tooling to wear.

[0040] Furthermore, a first slide rail 406 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the wheel frame 405, and a second slide rail 407 is fixedly connected to the top of the second sleeve 403. Both the first slide rail 406 and the second slide rail 407 extend along a second horizontal direction, and the first slide rail 406 and the second slide rail 407 slide in cooperation. With this configuration, the double slide rail matching structure has high guiding accuracy and uniform fitting gap, which can strictly ensure that the wheel frame 405 slides smoothly along the preset longitudinal direction, effectively constraining the swaying, deflection and offset problems during the sliding process, making the longitudinal fine adjustment process of the wheel frame 405 smoother and more precise, and further improving the alignment accuracy of the support points of the wheelset 5.

[0041] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the wheel support mechanism 4 also includes a mounting plate 408, a lead screw 409, two adjusting plates 410, and two elastic members 411. The mounting plate 408 is inserted into the wheel frame 405, and the lead screw 409 is rotatably connected to the mounting plate 408. The lead screw 409 extends along the second horizontal direction and has a forward threaded section 4091 and a reverse threaded section 4092. The two adjusting plates 410 are threadedly connected to the forward threaded section 4091 and the reverse threaded section 4092, respectively. The adjusting plates 410 are configured to reciprocate linearly along the second horizontal direction. One end of each of the two elastic members 411 abuts against the opposite sides of the mounting plate 408, and the other end of each elastic member 411 abuts against the corresponding adjusting plate 410. Specifically, the mounting plate 408 is a T-shaped plate, which is fixed to the wheel frame 405 by bolts to provide support for the compression of the elastic element 411; the adjusting plate 410 is a square plate, and the upper and lower sides of the square plate are respectively attached to the wheel frame 405 and the second sleeve 403, which can restrict the rotation of the adjusting plate 410; the elastic element 411 is a spring.

[0042] By setting a forward thread section 4091 and a reverse thread section 4092 on the lead screw 409, when the lead screw 409 rotates, it can drive two sets of adjusting plates 410 to move closer or further apart along the second horizontal direction, thereby adjusting the compression of the elastic element 411, and thus achieving adjustable buffer stiffness, absorbing the impact of the drop wheel and protecting the bogie components.

[0043] During the bogie wheel assembly process, the elastic deformation of the elastic element 411 can effectively absorb and buffer the impact load and vibration load generated instantaneously during wheel drop, preventing rigid hard contact between the wheelset 5 and the tooling. This elastic buffer structure can effectively protect components such as the wheelset 5, axle box, and frame 6, avoiding component collision, squeezing damage, deformation, and fatigue damage caused by wheel drop impact, ensuring the assembly integrity and performance of bogie components, and reducing the assembly scrap rate.

[0044] Furthermore, the wheel support mechanism 4 also includes two fixing blocks 412, which are spaced apart along the second horizontal direction and located on opposite sides of the two adjusting plates 410. The two fixing blocks 412 are fixedly connected to the second sleeve 403; the two ends of the lead screw 409 pass through the corresponding fixing blocks 412 and are screwed to nuts. Specifically, the fixing blocks 412 are fixedly connected to the second sleeve 403 by bolts; the lead screw 409 has four threaded sections (see...). Figure 5 The forward thread segment 4091 and the reverse thread segment 4092 are located in the middle, and the two thread segments at the outermost ends pass through the corresponding fixing block 412 and are screwed to the nut.

[0045] By fixing two fixed blocks 412 spaced apart along the second horizontal direction on the second sleeve 403, and by locking the two ends of the lead screw 409 through the corresponding fixed blocks 412 with nuts, the fixed blocks 412 provide a stable support reference for the rotation of the lead screw 409. After the compression of the elastic element 411 is adjusted to a suitable position, the nuts are then locked to the two ends of the lead screw 409, which can achieve reliable positioning and stable load bearing of the lead screw 409, reduce the vibration, movement and deformation of the lead screw 409, and ensure that the compression of the elastic element 411 is always within a reasonable buffer zone.

[0046] Furthermore, the wheel frame 405 includes a frame 4051, and a support portion 4052 and a limiting portion 4053 connected to the frame 4051. The support portion 4052 and the limiting portion 4053 are spaced apart along a first horizontal direction. The support portion 4052 is used to support the wheelset 5, and the limiting portion 4053 can abut against the wheelset 5.

[0047] The support part 4052 bears the vertical load of the wheelset 5, stably supporting the load and ensuring the reliability of the vertical support of the wheelset 5 after it is lowered. The limiting part 4053 provides lateral abutment and limiting constraint to the wheelset 5 after it is supported in place, effectively limiting the horizontal movement, offset, and deflection of the wheelset 5 during assembly. Through the combination of the load-bearing support part 4052 and the limiting part 4053, a two-way constraint on the support and positioning of the wheelset 5 is achieved. This ensures that the wheelset 5 maintains a precise and stable assembly posture throughout the entire process of lowering, stabilizing, and debugging, effectively preventing assembly deviations caused by misalignment of the wheelset 5 and improving the alignment accuracy and consistency of the bogie wheelset assembly.

[0048] The process of assembling the bogie drop wheels using the adjustment fixture provided in this embodiment is as follows: First, based on the locomotive type and model, the lateral distance between the two support seats 3 is adjusted using the first drive component 304 to match the track gauge of the bogie; then, the wheel support mechanism 4 is moved along the second horizontal direction using the second drive component 305 to adjust the longitudinal distance between adjacent wheel support mechanisms 4 to match the wheelbase of the bogie; the lead screw 409 is manually rotated to adjust the spring stiffness in the wheel support mechanism 4 to accommodate wheelsets 5 of different weights. Then, the wheel lowering operation is carried out. A gantry crane is used to lower the wheelset 5 onto the wheel support mechanism 4. The wheel support mechanism 4 buffers the swaying impact during the wheel lowering process, protecting the entire system and preventing damage. Figure 6 As shown; Next, a gantry crane is used to lower the frame 6 onto the wheelset 5; Finally, adjust the third drive component 404 on the wheel support mechanism 4 to raise and lower the wheel frame 405 to a suitable height, making it convenient for operators to tighten the connecting bolts between the wheelsets 5 and the frame 6 at different heights. Figure 7 As shown.

[0049] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will be able to make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustment fixture for assembling bogie wheel drops, characterized in that, include: A first pad (1) and a second pad (2) are arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart along a first horizontal direction. Both the first pad (1) and the second pad (2) are used to fix the ground. Two support bases (3) are respectively connected to the first pad (1) and the second pad (2), and the distance between the two support bases (3) is adjustable; Two sets of support components, each set of support components corresponding to one of the two support seats (3), each set of support components includes multiple wheel support mechanisms (4), each wheel support mechanism (4) is slidably connected to the corresponding support seat (3) along the second horizontal direction, the spacing between two adjacent wheel support mechanisms (4) in each set of support components is adjustable, the wheel support mechanism (4) is used to support wheelset (5), the first horizontal direction is perpendicular to the second horizontal direction.

2. The adjusting fixture for assembling bogie wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that, One of the support seats (3) is fixedly connected to the first pad (1), and the other support seat (3) is slidably connected to the second pad (2) along the first horizontal direction; the adjustment fixture also includes a drive assembly, which is disposed between the first pad (1) and the second pad (2), and the drive assembly is capable of driving the other support seat (3) to move along the second horizontal direction.

3. The adjusting fixture for assembling bogie wheels according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the support bases (3) is provided with a first slide groove (301), the first slide groove (301) extending along the second horizontal direction, the adjusting fixture further includes a first slider (302), the first slider (302) being slidably disposed within the first slide groove (301), and the driving assembly includes: Two transverse linkages (303) are arranged crosswise and hinged at the middle of the two transverse linkages (303). One end of each transverse linkage (303) is hinged to the corresponding support seat (3), and the other end is hinged to the first slider (302) of the other support seat (3). Two first driving members (304) are provided, each corresponding to one of the two transverse connecting rods (303). The mounting end of each first driving member (304) is hinged to the corresponding support base (3), and its output end is hinged to the first slider (302) on the same support base (3).

4. The adjusting fixture for assembling bogie wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment fixture also includes a plurality of second driving components (305), which are arranged one-to-one with the plurality of wheel support mechanisms (4). The second driving components (305) are installed on the corresponding support base (3), and the second driving components (305) can drive the corresponding wheel support mechanism (4) to move along the second horizontal direction.

5. The adjusting fixture for assembling bogie wheels according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the support seats (3) is provided with a second slide groove (306) extending along the second horizontal direction. The wheel support mechanism (4) is provided with a second slider (402) which is slidably disposed in the second slide groove (306). The mounting end of the second drive member (305) is hinged to the corresponding support seat (3), and the output end of the second drive member (305) is hinged to the corresponding wheel support mechanism (4).

6. The adjusting fixture for assembling bogie wheels according to claim 5, characterized in that, The wheel support mechanism (4) includes: The first sleeve (401) has the second slider (402) fixedly connected to its bottom; The second sleeve (403) is slidably sleeved on the outside of the first sleeve (401) in the vertical direction; The third driving member (404) has its mounting end hinged to the bottom wall of the first sleeve (401) and its output end hinged to the second sleeve (403). The third driving member (404) can drive the second sleeve (403) to move in the vertical direction. A wheel frame (405) is used to support the wheelset (5). The wheel frame (405) is disposed on the top of the second sleeve (403), and the wheel frame (405) and the second sleeve (403) slide in cooperation along the second horizontal direction.

7. The adjusting fixture for assembling bogie wheels according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bottom of the wheel frame (405) is fixedly connected to a first slide rail (406), and the top of the second sleeve (403) is fixedly connected to a second slide rail (407). The first slide rail (406) and the second slide rail (407) both extend along the second horizontal direction, and the first slide rail (406) and the second slide rail (407) slide in cooperation.

8. The adjusting fixture for assembling bogie wheels according to claim 6, characterized in that, The wheel support mechanism (4) also includes: Mounting plate (408), which is inserted into the wheel frame (405); A lead screw (409) is rotatably connected to the mounting plate (408). The lead screw (409) extends along the second horizontal direction and has a forward thread section (4091) and a reverse thread section (4092). Two adjusting plates (410) are respectively threaded to the forward threaded section (4091) and the reverse threaded section (4092), and the adjusting plates (410) are configured to reciprocate linearly along the second horizontal direction; Two elastic elements (411) are provided, one end of which abuts against the opposite sides of the mounting plate (408), and the other end of which abuts against the corresponding adjusting plate (410).

9. The adjusting fixture for assembling bogie wheels according to claim 8, characterized in that, The wheel support mechanism (4) further includes two fixing blocks (412), which are spaced apart along the second horizontal direction and located on the opposite side of the two adjusting plates (410). The two fixing blocks (412) are fixedly connected to the second sleeve (403). The two ends of the lead screw (409) pass through the corresponding fixing blocks (412) and are screwed to the nuts.

10. The adjusting fixture for assembling bogie wheels according to claim 6, characterized in that, The wheel frame (405) includes a frame (4051), and a support portion (4052) and a limiting portion (4053) connected to the frame (4051). The support portion (4052) and the limiting portion (4053) are distributed at intervals along the first horizontal direction. The support portion (4052) is used to support the wheelset (5), and the limiting portion (4053) can abut against the wheelset (5).

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