Cab and agricultural machine

Abstract

This application relates to the field of agricultural machinery and discloses a cab and agricultural machinery. The cab includes a main frame, which includes multiple circumferentially spaced columns. The tops of adjacent columns are connected to crossbeams. Each crossbeam includes a load-bearing column and an energy-absorbing section surrounding it. Each column includes a reinforcing tube and a collapse-inducing section surrounding it. Both the energy-absorbing section and the collapse-inducing section face at least outwards from the main frame. By externalizing the energy-absorbing and collapse-inducing structures, when the agricultural machinery overturns, the energy-absorbing section and the collapse-inducing section can undergo controllable wrinkling deformation, absorbing impact kinetic energy through their own breakage. The elastic energy-absorbing pads built into the crossbeams further absorb and convert the transmitted energy, transforming the impact kinetic energy into deformation energy. This reduces the residual energy transmitted to the critical load-bearing positions of the cab, effectively reducing the deformation of the cab frame structure under impact, thereby improving driving safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically relating to a driver's cab and agricultural machinery. Background Technology

[0002] In agricultural machinery, the cab often adopts a traditional four-post structure and lacks a passive energy-absorbing structure. This can lead to severe deformation or even partial damage to the cab frame during early-stage certification testing of tractors and other agricultural machinery, resulting in certification failure and increasing development time and costs. Existing cabs with external energy-absorbing components are structurally redundant, increasing assembly difficulty, space occupation, and costs. Therefore, it is necessary to integrate the main cab frame with the energy-absorbing structure, improving the cab's rollover protection strength without altering the main frame's overall strength, increasing the ROPS (Roll-Off Protection System) certification pass rate, significantly reducing the risk of driver injury, and ultimately improving both driving safety and comfort. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a cab and agricultural machinery that enhance the safety of the cab.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a cab for agricultural machinery, the cab comprising: The main frame includes a plurality of columns spaced apart circumferentially. The top of adjacent columns is connected to a crossbeam. The crossbeam includes a crossbeam support column and an energy-absorbing part. The columns include column reinforcing tubes and collapse-inducing parts arranged around the column reinforcing tubes. Both the energy-absorbing part and the collapse-inducing part face at least to the outside of the main frame.

[0005] In some embodiments, the energy-absorbing part includes: An elastic energy-absorbing pad is arranged in parallel with the crossbeam support column. The elastic energy-absorbing pad has multiple energy-absorbing holes inside, which are arranged through the elastic energy-absorbing pad along its length. An energy-absorbing outer shell covers the outer periphery of the elastic energy-absorbing pad and the crossbeam support column.

[0006] In some embodiments, the energy-absorbing shell covers one side of the elastic energy-absorbing pad, and the outer periphery of the crossbeam support column is also covered with a sealing plate, the edge of which covers the edge of the energy-absorbing shell.

[0007] In some embodiments, the crossbeam support column is a rectangular tube, the elastic energy-absorbing pad is a rectangular pad, the elastic energy-absorbing pad is disposed close to the crossbeam support column, and a deformation-accommodating space is formed between the crossbeam support column, the elastic energy-absorbing pad and the energy-absorbing shell, and the energy-absorbing shell is provided with a plurality of first bends, the first bends being disposed toward the deformation-accommodating space.

[0008] In some embodiments, the outer periphery of the column reinforcing tube is covered with a shaped tube, the column reinforcing tube is disposed on the inner side of the shaped tube, and a deformation space is formed between the column reinforcing tube and the outer side of the shaped tube, and the collapse induction part is disposed on the outer side of the shaped tube.

[0009] In some embodiments, the outer side of the shaped tube is provided with a plurality of second bends, and the second bends are arranged toward the deformation space to form the collapse induction section.

[0010] In some embodiments, the driver's cab further includes: A support frame, which is connected to the bottom of the main frame and is used to connect the chassis frame of the agricultural machinery; The crossbeam is divided into an upper crossbeam and a lower crossbeam. The upper crossbeam is located at the top of the main frame, and the lower crossbeam is located below the upper crossbeam. The middle part of the lower crossbeam is located on the rear side of the main frame and is parallel to the upper crossbeam. The two ends of the lower crossbeam extend to the left and right sides of the support frame and bend downward to connect with the support frame.

[0011] In some embodiments, the column is divided into: A long column is located at the front of the main frame and connects the upper crossbeam and the support frame; Multiple short columns are connected between the upper and lower crossbeams. These short columns are spaced apart and form viewing windows on the left and right rear sides of the main frame.

[0012] In some embodiments, the short support column includes a right support column, a first rear support column, a second rear support column, and a left support column arranged sequentially. The right support column and the left support column are located on the left and right sides of the main frame, respectively. The first rear support column and the second rear support column are located on the rear side of the main frame. A first viewing window located on the left rear side of the support frame is formed between the right support column and the first rear support column. A second viewing window located on the right rear side of the support frame is formed between the left support column and the left rear side.

[0013] A second aspect of this application provides an agricultural machine, the agricultural machine including the cab described in any one of the above claims.

[0014] Through the above technical solution, by placing the energy-absorbing and crumple-inducing structures externally, when agricultural machinery overturns, the energy-absorbing part and the crumple-inducing part can quickly undergo controllable wrinkling deformation, absorbing the impact kinetic energy through their own damage. The elastic energy-absorbing pad built into the crossbeam can further absorb and convert the transmitted energy, transforming the impact kinetic energy into deformation energy, effectively reducing the deformation of the cab under impact, thereby improving driving safety. The crumple-inducing part avoids the risk of inward penetration of the pillar, ensuring that the rigid frame composed of the pillar reinforcement tube and the crossbeam bearing column can still maintain an intact survival space under extreme working conditions, preventing the cab from being crushed. The energy-absorbing part not only improves safety, but also facilitates the individual replacement of damaged external energy-absorbing components after an accident, reducing maintenance costs and time, and providing the driver with more robust and reliable protection.

[0015] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the embodiments of this application and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the embodiments of this application, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without any inventive effort. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the driver's cab in this application; Figure 2 This is a side view of the driver's cab in this application; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial sectional view of AA; Figure 4 for Figure 2 A partial sectional view of BB; Figure 5 This is another structural schematic diagram of the driver's cab in this application.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures 100. Driver's cab; 1. Main frame; 11. Column; 111. Column reinforcing pipe; 112. Irregularly shaped tube; 1121. Second bend; 113. Connecting plate; 11a. First front column; 11b. Second front post; 11c. Right post; 11d. First rear post; 11e, Second rear column; 11f, Left column; 12, Horizontal beam; 121, Horizontal beam load-bearing column; 122. Elastic energy-absorbing pad; 1221. Energy-absorbing hole; 123. Energy-absorbing outer shell; 1231. First bend; 124. Sealing plate; 12a. Front crossbeam section; 12b. Right crossbeam section; 12c. Right rear crossbeam section; 12d, Rear crossbeam segment; 12e, Left rear crossbeam segment; 12f, Left crossbeam segment; 12g, Lower crossbeam; 13. First field of view window; 14. Second field of view window; 15. Reinforcing rib; 2. Support frame. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The specific embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this application.

[0019] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this application provides a cab 100 for agricultural machinery. The cab 100 includes a main frame 1, which includes a plurality of columns 11 arranged circumferentially. The top of adjacent columns 11 is connected to a crossbeam 12. The crossbeam 12 includes a crossbeam support column 121 and an energy-absorbing part arranged around the crossbeam support column 121. The columns 11 include column reinforcing tubes 111 and a collapse induction part arranged around the column reinforcing tubes 111. Both the energy-absorbing part and the collapse induction part face at least to the outside of the main frame 1. The main frame 1 is composed of circumferentially spaced columns 11 and crossbeams 12, forming an impact-resistant skeleton. The crossbeam bearing column 121 at the center of the crossbeam 12 is made of high-strength material to ensure overall bending stiffness, while the energy-absorbing part surrounding the crossbeam bearing column 121 intervenes first when encountering a side impact or rolling contact with the ground. The column reinforcing tube 111 inside the column 11 serves as the main support part of the column 11, and the collapse induction part outside the column reinforcing tube 111 is pre-set with a specific fold or induction groove structure to control the deformation mode. Moreover, both the energy-absorbing part and the collapse induction part are arranged facing the outside of the main frame 1, ensuring that all deformation and energy dissipation processes occur outside the cab 100.

[0020] By externalizing the energy-absorbing and crumple-inducing structures, when agricultural machinery overturns, the energy-absorbing and crumple-inducing parts can rapidly undergo controllable wrinkling deformation, absorbing the impact kinetic energy through their own breakage, reducing the residual energy transmitted to the cab 100, and effectively weakening the impact load acting on the driver. The crumple-inducing part avoids the risk of inward penetration of the column 11, ensuring that the rigid frame composed of the column reinforcing tube 111 and the crossbeam bearing column 121 can still maintain an intact survival space under extreme working conditions, preventing the cab 100 from being crushed. The energy-absorbing part not only improves safety but also facilitates the individual replacement of damaged external energy-absorbing components after an accident, reducing maintenance costs and time, and providing the driver with more robust and reliable protection.

[0021] In some implementations, such as Figure 3 As shown, the energy-absorbing part includes an elastic energy-absorbing pad 122 and an energy-absorbing shell 123. The elastic energy-absorbing pad 122 is arranged side by side with the crossbeam support column 121. The elastic energy-absorbing pad 122 has a plurality of energy-absorbing holes 1221 inside, which are arranged through the elastic energy-absorbing pad 122 along the length direction of the elastic energy-absorbing pad 122. The energy-absorbing shell 123 covers the outer periphery of the elastic energy-absorbing pad 122 and the crossbeam support column 121. The elastic energy-absorbing pad 122 and the crossbeam support column 121 are arranged side by side. The elastic energy-absorbing pad 122 can be made of elastic rubber material. Multiple energy-absorbing holes 1221 are opened through the elastic energy-absorbing pad 122 along the length direction. In fact, a large number of cavities that can be compressed and deformed are preset inside the material. That is, the cross section of the elastic energy-absorbing pad 122 is honeycomb-shaped. The outermost energy-absorbing shell 123 tightly integrates the elastic energy-absorbing pad 122 and the crossbeam support column 121 into a whole. It serves as the first contact surface to withstand the impact of stones from the field or the ground impact when the object is overturned. It also evenly distributes the local concentrated load to the inner elastic energy-absorbing pad 122 through its continuous covering shape. This ensures that before the external impact enters the main frame 1, it must first pass through the rigid contact of the energy-absorbing shell 123, the pore compression of the elastic energy-absorbing pad 122, and the final support of the crossbeam support column 121.

[0022] When the cab 100 is impacted, the energy-absorbing outer shell 123 deforms first to disperse the impact force. Then, the internal elastic energy-absorbing pad 122 is compressed significantly under pressure, causing the internal energy-absorbing holes 1221 to be squeezed and closed. This process effectively dissipates a large amount of impact kinetic energy, reduces the transmission of vibration into the cab 100, and alleviates the injury to the driver from the instantaneous impact. Simultaneously, because the energy-absorbing holes 1221 are arranged along the length, the elastic energy-absorbing pad 122 will produce uniform wrinkling deformation along the length of the crossbeam 12 when under stress, avoiding brittle fracture caused by localized stress concentration in the crossbeam support column 121. The covering effect of the energy-absorbing outer shell 123 acts as the first line of defense, ensuring that the crossbeam support column 121 is always under the buffer protection of the elastic energy-absorbing pad 122, providing continuous and reliable passive safety protection for the driver.

[0023] In some implementations, such as Figure 3 As shown, the energy-absorbing shell 123 covers one side of the elastic energy-absorbing pad 122, and the outer periphery of the crossbeam support column 121 is also covered by a sealing plate 124, the edge of which covers the edge of the energy-absorbing shell 123. The energy-absorbing shell 123 is attached to the outer impact area of ​​the elastic energy-absorbing pad 122, mainly undertaking the function of initial contact and force transmission. The remaining exposed part of the crossbeam support column 121 is covered by an independent sealing plate 124, and the edge of the sealing plate 124 overlaps the edge of the energy-absorbing shell 123. Together with the energy-absorbing shell 123, the elastic energy-absorbing pad 122 and the crossbeam support column 121 are encapsulated inside. At the same time, the covering effect of the edge of the sealing plate 124 eliminates the exposed gaps at the end of the energy-absorbing shell 123, thus constructing a composite protective shell that combines local energy absorption and overall enclosure. The sealing plate 124 is located inside the main frame 1, and the energy-absorbing shell 123 is located outside the main frame 1. The non-integrated connection method gives the energy-absorbing shell 123 independent replaceability. When the tractor collides or overturns during operation, causing the energy-absorbing shell 123 to deform, the maintenance personnel only need to remove the fasteners and lift the edge of the sealing plate 124 to pull out and replace the damaged energy-absorbing shell 123 separately, without having to replace the crossbeam support column 121 or the entire crossbeam 12 structure. This not only simplifies the maintenance process, but also significantly reduces the cost of spare parts and maintenance expenses.

[0024] In some implementations, such as Figure 3As shown, the crossbeam support column 121 is a rectangular tube, and the elastic energy-absorbing pad 122 is a rectangular pad. The elastic energy-absorbing pad 122 is set close to the crossbeam support column 121, and a deformation-accommodating space is formed between the crossbeam support column 121, the elastic energy-absorbing pad 122 and the energy-absorbing shell 123. The energy-absorbing shell 123 is provided with a plurality of first bending portions 1231, which are oriented toward the deformation-accommodating space. By utilizing the shape fit between the rectangular tubular crossbeam support column 121 and the rectangular pad-shaped elastic energy-absorbing pad 122, a tight fit between the two is achieved, ensuring the directness and efficiency of load transfer. On this basis, a certain gap is reserved between the crossbeam support column 121, the elastic energy-absorbing pad 122 and the outer energy-absorbing shell 123, namely the deformation accommodation space, which provides physical space for the volume change of the elastic energy-absorbing pad 122. Moreover, the multiple first bends 1231 stamped on the energy-absorbing shell 123 are recessed towards the deformation accommodation space. The multiple bends are spaced apart, which not only increases the structural surface area of ​​the shell to improve local stiffness, but also geometrically forms a track to guide the energy-absorbing shell 123 to collapse into the internal space in an orderly manner, so that the energy-absorbing shell 123 can deform according to the predetermined track.

[0025] When the impact force acts on the energy-absorbing shell 123, the first bending part 1231 facing inward will bend and fold first according to the preset path, shrinking into the deformation-accommodating space to form directional collapse, effectively preventing the shell from bulging into the cab 100. As the first bending part 1231 continues to collapse, the elastic energy-absorbing pad 122 is compressed in the deformation-accommodating space, and its internal energy-absorbing holes 1221 can maximize the energy absorption effect, further reducing the external impact energy. The rectangular cross-section structure ensures the consistency of energy absorption along the entire length of the crossbeam 12. Combined with the inducing effect of the first bending part 1231, the impact energy can be distributed and absorbed by multiple bending parts evenly distributed along the length of the crossbeam 12, thereby greatly reducing the deformation of the cab 100 when the tractor rolls over, and preserving a more spacious survival space for the driver.

[0026] In some implementations, such as Figure 4As shown, the outer periphery of the column reinforcing tube 111 is covered by a shaped tube 112. The column reinforcing tube 111 is located on the inner side of the shaped tube 112, forming a deformation space between it and the outer side of the shaped tube 112. The collapse induction part is located on the outer side of the shaped tube 112. Functional zoning is achieved through the nesting and cooperation of the shaped tube 112 and the column reinforcing tube 111. The shaped tube 112 is not symmetrically wrapped around the reinforcing tube, but is eccentrically arranged, so that the column reinforcing tube 111 is close to the inner side of the shaped tube 112, thereby leaving sufficient deformation space between the outer side of the shaped tube 112 and the reinforcing tube. At the same time, the collapse induction part is directly processed or integrated on the outer side of the shaped tube 112, that is, the side closer to the interior of the cab 100 is supported by the inner wall of the column reinforcing tube 111 and the shaped tube 112. When the impact force is applied to the outside of the column 11, the collapse induction part on the outside of the shaped tube 112 will first fold and buckle at the preset position, and then collapse inward using the deformation space between it and the reinforcing tube to achieve controllable collapse, which can efficiently absorb the impact kinetic energy. Since the column reinforcing tube 111 is close to the inside of the shaped tube 112, even if the outside collapses severely, the column reinforcing tube 111 can still maintain its original straightness and structural integrity, avoiding the risk that the traditional column 11 will dent or twist and deform inward under heavy pressure, thereby squeezing the driver's survival space.

[0027] In some implementations, such as Figure 4 As shown, the outer side of the shaped tube 112 is provided with multiple second bends 1121, which are oriented towards the deformation space to form a collapse induction section. Since the inner side of the shaped tube 112 is tightly attached to the column reinforcing tube 111, and a gap is left between the outer side and the reinforcing tube, the outer side of the shaped tube 112 can collapse and fold through the second bends 1121 when under stress, thereby constructing a series of continuous and predictable buckling trigger points on the outer periphery of the shaped tube 112. When the tractor overturns and the column 11 suffers a severe impact, the second bends 1121 guide the outer side of the shaped tube 112 to fold orderly section by section towards the inward deformation space. This directional collapse can maximize the dissipation of impact kinetic energy and reduce the instantaneous impact load transmitted to the driver. Simultaneously, since the folding process occurs entirely on the outer side of the shaped tube 112, it avoids the dangerous inward deformation of the column 11 under pressure, ensuring the geometric integrity and load-bearing capacity of the column reinforcing tube 111.

[0028] In some implementations, such as Figure 5 As shown, a connecting plate 113 is also connected between the shaped tube 112 and the column reinforcing tube 111. The shape of the connecting plate 113 is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the shaped tube 112, and an installation hole is also provided on the connecting plate 113. The column reinforcing tube 111 passes through the installation hole, and the outer periphery of the connecting plate 113 is connected to the inner wall of the shaped tube 112. The column reinforcing tube 111 and the shaped tube 112 are connected and fixed through the connecting plate 113.

[0029] In some embodiments, the cab 100 further includes a support frame 2, which is connected to the bottom of the main frame 1 and used to connect agricultural machinery. The crossbeam 12 is divided into an upper crossbeam and a lower crossbeam 12g. The upper crossbeam is located at the top of the main frame 1, and the lower crossbeam 12g is located below the upper crossbeam. The middle section of the lower crossbeam 12g is located at the rear of the main frame 1 and parallel to the upper crossbeam. Both ends of the lower crossbeam 12g extend to the left and right sides of the support frame 2 and bend downwards to connect with the support frame 2. The upper crossbeam closes the main frame 1 at the top, providing top compression resistance. The middle section of the lower crossbeam 12g is located at the rear of the main frame 1 and remains parallel to the upper crossbeam, ensuring the rigidity of the back support. Both ends of the lower crossbeam 12g bend downwards in an arc shape, crossing the sides of the main frame 1 and anchoring to the left and right sides of the support frame 2. This creates a smooth transition from a high point to a low point in the vertical direction, constructing a continuous envelope structure with high geometric stability on both sides and at the rear of the main frame 1. The lower crossbeam 12g, with its downward bending at both ends and connected to the support frame 2, enhances the cab 100's ability to resist lateral rollover moments and effectively suppresses torsional deformation of the frame when the tractor tilts due to uneven ground. At the same time, this continuous curved beam structure provides a longer load transfer path. When the rollover impact force acts on the side of the cab 100, the lower crossbeam 12g can smoothly guide some of the impact energy through the curved section to the robust support frame 2 and even the entire chassis, avoiding stress concentration at a single connection point.

[0030] In some embodiments, the columns 11 are divided into long columns and short columns. The long columns are located at the front of the main frame 1 and connect between the upper crossbeam and the support frame 2. There are multiple short columns that connect between the upper crossbeam and the lower crossbeam 12g. The multiple short columns are spaced apart and form viewing windows on the left and right rear sides of the main frame 1. The long columns located at the front of the main frame 1 act as the main load-bearing components, extending from the upper crossbeam to the support frame 2, and become the support for the front of the cab 100, ensuring a wide field of vision without sacrificing structural rigidity. Multiple short columns are used at the rear to connect the upper crossbeam and the lower crossbeam 12g. The short columns are arranged at intervals on the left and right rear sides, leaving continuous blank areas between adjacent short columns, thereby defining transparent viewing windows on both sides of the rear of the main frame 1. The continuous support of the long uprights effectively resists impacts from falling objects or forward rollovers, creating a solid defense for the driver. The short uprights spaced at the rear maintain the 12g connection strength between the upper and lower crossbeams while eliminating visual obstructions for the driver to observe the implements and rear wheel area, reducing blind spots when reversing or turning in complex fields, and improving operational accuracy and safety.

[0031] In some implementations, such as Figure 5As shown, the short columns include a right column 11c, a first rear column 11d, a second rear column 11e, and a left column 11f arranged sequentially. The right column 11c and the left column 11f are located on the left and right sides of the main frame 1, respectively. The first rear column 11d and the second rear column 11e are located on the rear side of the main frame 1. A first viewing window 13 is formed between the right column 11c and the first rear column 11d, located on the left rear side of the support frame 2. A second viewing window 14 is formed between the left column 11f and the left rear side, located on the right rear side of the support frame 2. The right pillar 11c and left pillar 11f are located on the left and right sides of the cab 100, while the first rear pillar 11d and second rear pillar 11e are located in the middle of the rear side of the cab 100. This staggered arrangement creates an unobstructed opening between the right pillar 11c and the first rear pillar 11d, and between the left pillar 11f and the second rear pillar 11e. These openings are respectively located on the left rear side of the support frame 2 as the first viewing window 13 and the right rear side as the second viewing window 14. Essentially, the original single pillar is divided into two independent short pillars spaced apart, defining a viewing window between the two short pillars for the driver to observe the external environment. This viewing window can be filled with a transparent material.

[0032] The first and second viewing windows 13 and 14 reduce the driver's blind spots in observing the operation of agricultural machinery, the trajectory of the rear wheels, and obstacles to the sides and rear. This is especially beneficial when reversing, turning around, or passing through narrow ridges, reducing the risk of scrapes caused by obstructed vision. At the same time, it does not compromise the overall structural stability and allows lateral impact loads to be distributed to the lower crossbeam 12g and support frame 2 through multiple short pillars. Combined with energy-absorbing components, this maintains the rear rigidity of the cab 100 while balancing passive safety and visibility requirements. This avoids the problem of large blind spots and compromised operational safety associated with traditional four-post cab 100 technology, which relies on large pillars for strength.

[0033] In some embodiments, the middle sections of the long uprights, short uprights, upper crossbeam, and lower crossbeam 12g are all arranged in an outwardly flared arc shape. Specifically, the long uprights naturally flare outwards from the front upper and lower, while the middle sections of the upper and lower crossbeams 12g curve outwards in an arch shape, smoothly transitioning to the arc-shaped contour of the uprights. This results in the entire main frame 1 exhibiting an oval or trapezoidal contour slightly larger than the internal driving space in its horizontal projection. The outwardly flared arc design creates a continuous and smooth stress-bearing surface on the outer surface of each component, eliminating stress concentration points at traditional right-angle welds or angled connections. Compared to planar or angled structures, the arc-shaped structure has higher bending stiffness and circumferential strength. When the tractor rolls over, the arc shape can more effectively decompose and transfer the impact load along the tangent direction of the curve to the entire frame, avoiding fractures caused by localized stress overload and significantly improving the overall rolling resistance of the cab 100. At the same time, the outward-protruding arc-shaped surface can provide a certain force-dissipating effect at the moment of contact with the ground, similar to the principle of an arch bridge, guiding the impact force to slide or disperse, reducing the direct impact force.

[0034] In some embodiments, the upper crossbeam includes a front crossbeam segment 12a, a right crossbeam segment 12b, a right rear crossbeam segment 12c, a rear crossbeam segment 12d, a left rear crossbeam segment 12e, and a left crossbeam segment 12f connected in sequence, and the long columns include a first front column 11a and a second front column 11b. Each column 11 and the crossbeam are connected by spot welding, wherein each column 11 has a connecting plate 113 at its top and bottom, and the crossbeam is spot welded to the column 11 through the edge of the energy-absorbing shell 123. Specifically, the first front column 11a is connected at the junction of the front crossbeam segment 12a and the left crossbeam segment 12f; the second front column 11b is connected at the junction of the front crossbeam segment 12a and the right crossbeam segment 12b; the right column 11c is connected at the junction of the right crossbeam segment 12b and the right rear crossbeam segment 12c; the first rear column 11d is connected at the junction of the right rear crossbeam segment 12c and the rear crossbeam segment 12d; the second rear column 11e is connected at the junction of the rear crossbeam segment 12d and the left rear crossbeam segment 12e; and the left column 11f is connected at the junction of the left rear crossbeam segment 12e and the left crossbeam segment 12f. The right column 11c, the first rear column 11d, the second rear column 11e, the left column 11f, and the upper and lower crossbeams 12g are also equipped with reinforcing ribs 15. The rigidity of the connection is increased by the reinforcing ribs 15, thereby increasing the torsional strength of the cab 100 frame.

[0035] The second aspect of this application provides an agricultural machine, which includes a cab 100 as described above. The agricultural machine can be a tractor or other machinery. The cab 100 is rigidly connected to the chassis of the whole machine through a support frame 2, realizing the organic integration of the upper protective structure and the lower walking and working system. The upper and lower crossbeams and long and short columns of the main frame 1 of the cab 100 form an encircling anti-rolling frame. The energy-absorbing part of the crossbeam 12 and the collapsible induction part of the column 11 face the outside of the machine together, forming an all-round external buffer layer. The rear of the cab 100 is formed by short columns arranged at intervals to form a viewing window. Through the viewing window, the blind spot risk of the implement attachment point and the rear wheel position of the agricultural machine can be seen.

[0036] When machinery overturns due to slippery or uneven ground, the external energy-absorbing unit of the cab 100 deforms and absorbs energy step by step according to a preset crumple path. Combined with the inwardly concave bending design, it effectively absorbs impact energy and ensures that the internal survival space is not intruded, improving the driver's survival rate in accidents. Simultaneously, the optimized frame layout maximizes rear and rearward visibility while ensuring strength, reducing blind spot risks during reversing and relocation operations, improving operational accuracy and efficiency, increasing the cab 100's field of vision, and enhancing driver comfort and hazard anticipation. The modular external protection design allows the outer parts of the energy-absorbing shell 123 and the outer side of the shaped tube 112 to be independently disassembled and replaced after damage, without scrapping the entire cab 100 frame, reducing the equipment's life-cycle maintenance costs. The integration of the energy-absorbing unit with the main frame 1 avoids structural redundancy, large space occupation, and increased costs. Without altering the strength of the cab 100 frame, the energy-absorbing unit increases the rollover protection strength of the cab 100.

[0037] In order to improve the rollover protection strength of the cab 100 and optimize the driving field of vision without changing the overall strength and appearance characteristics of the cab 100, this application provides a six-post tractor cab 100 based on a composite energy-absorbing structure. The main load-bearing structure of the cab 100 consists of a crossbeam load-bearing column 121 passing through the crossbeam 12 and a reinforcing tube 111 passing through the column. In order to ensure that the overall strength of the frame is not affected and to expand the driving field of vision, the four columns 11 at the rear of the cab 100 are achieved by reducing the cross-sectional width of the special-shaped tube 112 and adding an internal reinforcing tube. The reinforcing tube is welded to the upper and lower caps of the special-shaped tube 112 to ensure the basic rollover protection strength of the cab 100 and optimize the driving field of vision. The energy-absorbing section of the crossbeam is wrapped around the rectangular crossbeam support column 121. Energy is absorbed through the energy-absorbing shell 123 and the elastic energy-absorbing pad 122, absorbing rearward and lateral impacts to the cab 100. The upright column 11 absorbs energy through its outer side containing the induced crumple zone and the built-in upright reinforcing tube 111, absorbing overhead and lateral impacts to the cab 100. These measures enhance the rollover protection strength of the cab 100 and expand its field of vision. Without altering the frame structure and load-bearing capacity of the tractor cab 100, the rollover protection strength of the cab 100 in multiple directions is significantly improved, increasing the pass rate of the ROPS (Roll-Over Protective Structure) certification test for the cab 100, optimizing the oblique rearward blind spot, and improving the driving experience.

[0038] In the ROPS certification test, the pass rate of longitudinal loading and lateral loading tests was the worst. Therefore, ROPS simulation calculations were used to compare the deformation results of the original four-post conventional cab 100 and this application under the above two working conditions. The calculation results show that: under longitudinal loading, the minimum distance between the frame and the housing area increased from 161.1 mm to 213.5 mm; under lateral loading, the minimum distance between the frame and the housing area increased from 145.0 mm to 174.6 mm. The energy-absorbing part underwent significant deformation, while the reaction force of the axle box fixing bolts and suspension connection bolts did not increase significantly. This indicates that the composite energy-absorbing structure significantly improves the rollover protection strength of the cab 100.

[0039] It should be noted that, in this application, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "up," "down," "left," and "right" generally refer to the directions indicated in the attached drawings, and "inside" and "outside" refer to the inside and outside of the driver's cab.

[0040] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0041] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between components; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0042] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0043] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A cab for agricultural machinery, characterized in that, The driver's cab (100) includes: The main frame (1) includes a plurality of circumferentially spaced columns (11), and the top of adjacent columns (11) is connected to a crossbeam (12). The crossbeam (12) includes a crossbeam support column (121) and an energy-absorbing part. The column (11) includes a column reinforcing tube (111) and a collapse induction part arranged around the column reinforcing tube (111). The energy-absorbing part and the collapse induction part are both at least facing the outside of the main frame (1).

2. The driver's cab according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy-absorbing part is arranged around the crossbeam support column (121), and the energy-absorbing part includes: An elastic energy-absorbing pad (122) is arranged in parallel with the crossbeam support column (121). The elastic energy-absorbing pad (122) has multiple energy-absorbing holes (1221) inside, and the energy-absorbing holes (1221) are arranged through the elastic energy-absorbing pad (122) along the length direction of the elastic energy-absorbing pad (122). An energy-absorbing shell (123) covers the outer periphery of the elastic energy-absorbing pad (122) and the crossbeam support column (121).

3. The driver's cab according to claim 2, characterized in that, The energy-absorbing shell (123) covers the side where the elastic energy-absorbing pad (122) is located, and the outer periphery of the crossbeam support column (121) is also covered by a sealing plate (124), the edge of the sealing plate (124) covering the edge of the energy-absorbing shell (123).

4. The driver's cab according to claim 3, characterized in that, The crossbeam support column (121) is a rectangular tube, and the elastic energy-absorbing pad (122) is a rectangular pad. The elastic energy-absorbing pad (122) is set close to the crossbeam support column (121) and forms a deformation-accommodating space between the crossbeam support column (121), the elastic energy-absorbing pad (122) and the energy-absorbing shell (123). The energy-absorbing shell (123) is provided with a plurality of first bending portions (1231), and the first bending portions (1231) are arranged facing the deformation-accommodating space.

5. The driver's cab according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer periphery of the column reinforcing tube (111) is covered by a shaped tube (112). The column reinforcing tube (111) is located on the inner side of the shaped tube (112) and forms a deformation space between it and the outer side of the shaped tube (112). The collapse induction part is located on the outer side of the shaped tube (112).

6. The driver's cab according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer side of the shaped tube (112) is provided with a plurality of second bends (1121), and the second bends (1121) are arranged toward the deformation space to form the collapse induction part.

7. The driver's cab according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The driver's cab (100) also includes: Support frame (2), which is connected to the bottom of the main frame (1) and is used to connect the chassis frame of agricultural machinery; The crossbeam (12) is divided into an upper crossbeam and a lower crossbeam (12g). The upper crossbeam is located at the top of the main frame (1), and the lower crossbeam (12g) is located below the upper crossbeam. The middle part of the lower crossbeam (12g) is located on the rear side of the main frame (1) and is parallel to the upper crossbeam. The two ends of the lower crossbeam (12g) extend to the left and right sides of the support frame (2) respectively and bend downward to connect with the support frame (2).

8. The driver's cab according to claim 7, characterized in that, The column (11) is divided into: The long column is located on the front side of the main frame (1) and is connected between the upper crossbeam and the support frame (2); Multiple short columns are connected between the upper crossbeam and the lower crossbeam (12g). The multiple short columns are spaced apart and form viewing windows on the left and right rear sides of the main frame (1).

9. The driver's cab according to claim 8, characterized in that, The short columns include a right column (11c), a first rear column (11d), a second rear column (11e), and a left column (11f) arranged sequentially. The right column (11c) and the left column (11f) are located on the left and right sides of the main frame (1), respectively. The first rear column (11d) and the second rear column (11e) are located on the rear side of the main frame (1). A first viewing window (13) located on the left rear side of the support frame (2) is formed between the right column (11c) and the first rear column (11d). A second viewing window (14) located on the right rear side of the support frame (2) is formed between the left column (11f) and the left rear side.

10. An agricultural machine, characterized in that, The agricultural machinery includes a cab (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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