Underwater escape training method and underwater escape capsule

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of diving and underwater operation training, in particular to an underwater escape training method and an underwater escape cabin. The escape cabin comprises an escape cabin room with a cabin door, the lower end of the escape cabin room is provided with a water injection pipe and a water discharge pipe, a gas supply pressurizing pipe and a gas discharge decompressing pipe are installed through the sidewall of the escape cabin room, the inner ends of the gas supply pressurizing pipe and the gas discharge decompressing pipe extend into the inner cavity of the escape cabin room, the outer end of the gas supply pressurizing pipe is connected with a gas pump through a gas supply valve, the outer end of the gas discharge decompressing pipe is connected with a gas discharge pipe through a gas discharge valve, a trainer cabin room is arranged on one side of the escape cabin room, the trainer cabin room and the escape cabin room are isolated by a partition plate, the lower end of the partition plate is provided with a communication hole which communicates the lower end of the trainer cabin room and the lower end of the escape cabin room, and the upper end of the partition plate is provided with a first observation window. The training method using the escape cabin provides a trainer cabin room for a trainer to observe the training situation at close range, and the trainer can take refuge through the trainer cabin room when a trainee is trapped.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of diving and underwater operation training, specifically to an underwater escape training method and an underwater escape capsule. Background Technology

[0002] Underwater escape capsules are specialized escape devices for diving equipment, providing an emergency escape route for underwater personnel in the event of an accident. For personnel frequently engaged in water-based operations, proficiency in using underwater escape capsules is an essential skill. Underwater escape training, through repeated simulations of dangerous situations, helps personnel become familiar with equipment operation and reduces secondary injuries caused by operational errors or panic. For example, Chinese patent application 2024107356203 discloses "A Torpedo Launch Tube Simulation Escape Training Method and System," application publication number CN118824085A. This training system includes an escape pool, a water supply valve, a torpedo launch tube simulation device, an intelligent water injection adjustment module, a pressure monitoring module, a virtual reality environment simulation module, and a training management system. The training method includes the following steps: Simulator preparation and personnel positioning: A torpedo tube simulation device is configured with an adjustable, sealed end cap to maintain standard internal air pressure. After the diver is equipped, they enter through the rear end and the device is sealed, ready for training; Escape training: An integrated intelligent water injection system is used to dynamically control the water injection rate to achieve pressure balance between the inside and outside of the simulation device, causing the front end cap to open automatically; The simulated escape process includes two pressure regulation modes: a) rapid decompression mode, suitable for simulating emergency escape scenarios; b) controlled decompression mode, suitable for gradual decompression training; After the front end cap opens, the diver escapes on their own into the connected simulated water area and ascends at an appropriate speed according to training requirements. However, these underwater escape training devices only allow trainees to enter. Instructors and examiners can only observe from a distance or monitor the trainees' status through cameras and sensors, resulting in low rescue efficiency in case of danger. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an underwater escape training method and underwater escape capsule that allows instructors to observe closely and provide timely rescue to trainees in case of accidents.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The underwater escape training method described in this invention includes the following steps: 1) During the preparation phase of training, a training cabin capable of accommodating instructors shall be set up on one side of the training escape cabin, and a connecting hole allowing personnel to pass through shall be set up between the escape cabin and the training cabin. 2) During the training phase, proceed with the following steps in sequence. 2.1) The escape capsule with the training compartment from step 1) is lowered into the training water and secured at the depth required by the training plan; 2.2) Fill the escape pod with water until the pressure inside and outside the escape pod is equalized; 2.3) Open the entrance to the escape pod, the instructor enters the escape pod and then enters the instructor's pod through the connecting hole; the trainee enters the escape pod, and then the entrance to the escape pod is closed; 2.4) Close the water injection valve and pressurize the escape chamber with an air pump until the pressure meets the training requirements; trainees inflate their escape suits through the escape suit inflation port located in the escape chamber until the inflation pressure of the escape suit meets the training requirements. 2.5) The instructor signals to the trainee to begin escape drills. Upon receiving the signal, the trainee disconnects the escape suit from its inflation port, opens the drain valve, and waits for the pressure inside and outside escape chamber 3 to equalize before opening the exit and leaving the escape chamber. The instructor observes and records the trainee's progress. After the trainee leaves the escape chamber, the instructor enters the escape chamber through the connecting hole and exits through the exit, completing the training task. 3) Emergency Escape: After the trainees enter the escape pod 3 in step 2.3 above, if the trainees fail to complete the training task and the exit of the escape pod cannot be opened, the trainees can enter the training pod through the connecting hole to escape and wait for rescue.

[0005] This program allows instructors to closely observe trainees' training in the escape pods and transfer them to the training pods for safety in case of accidents or when trainees are trapped.

[0006] The present invention discloses an underwater escape chamber for underwater escape training, comprising an escape chamber with a first door at the lower end and a second door at the upper end. The lower end of the escape chamber is connected to a water injection valve via a water injection pipe and a drain valve via a drain pipe. An air supply pressurization pipe and an exhaust depressurization pipe are installed through the side wall of the escape chamber. The inner ends of both the air supply pressurization pipe and the exhaust depressurization pipe extend into the interior cavity of the escape chamber. The outer end of the air supply pressurization pipe is connected to an air pump via an air supply valve, and the outer end of the exhaust depressurization pipe is connected to an exhaust pipe via an exhaust valve. A training chamber is provided on one side of the escape chamber. The training chamber and the escape chamber are separated by a partition wall. The lower end of the partition wall is provided with a connecting hole connecting the lower ends of the training chamber and the escape chamber. The upper end of the partition wall is provided with a first observation window. The top plate of the training chamber is closed and is provided with a second observation window.

[0007] With this solution, after the escape pod is filled with water, the lower end of the training cabin is connected to the escape pod, while the upper end retains an air chamber at a certain height. When trainees are training in the escape pod, instructors can breathe normally in the training cabin and observe the training situation at close range. If a trainee is trapped in the escape pod due to operational errors, they can temporarily enter the training cabin to take refuge.

[0008] Preferably, the inner wall of the escape chamber is equipped with a water level sensor and an escape suit inflation port, the escape suit inflation port is connected to an inflation pipeline through an inflation valve, and an emergency breathing apparatus is installed on the inner wall of the training chamber.

[0009] This solution allows the water level sensor to detect the water level in the escape chamber, the escape suit inflation interface to inflate the escape suit of the trainees, and the emergency breathing apparatus for use by instructors or trainees seeking temporary shelter.

[0010] Preferably, an escape capsule pressure sensor is installed at the upper end of the escape capsule, and a training capsule pressure sensor and a carbon dioxide sensor are installed at the upper end of the training capsule.

[0011] In this scheme, the escape pod pressure sensor is used to detect the water pressure inside the escape pod, the training cabin pressure sensor is used to detect the air pressure in the upper air chamber of the training cabin, and the carbon dioxide sensor is used to detect the carbon dioxide concentration in the air chamber.

[0012] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: Instructors can closely observe the training of trainees in the escape cabin and transfer them to the training cabin for safety in case of accidents or when trainees are trapped; the underwater escape cabin provides instructors with a training cabin for close observation of the training situation; and trainees can take refuge in the training cabin when trapped. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the underwater escape capsule of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of one embodiment of an underwater escape capsule.

[0015] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of another embodiment of the underwater escape capsule. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below.

[0017] like Figure 1As shown, the underwater escape capsule for underwater escape training according to the present invention includes an escape chamber 3 with a first door 1 at the lower end and a second door 2 at the upper end. The escape chamber 3 is a columnar structure made of steel plate or glass plate. The first door 1 and the second door 2 are connected to the entrance and exit of the escape chamber 3 by hinges and door locks, and can be opened by the trainee from the inside or from the outside. The first door 1 serves as the entrance to the escape chamber 3, and during training, personnel are only allowed to enter the escape chamber 3 from the outside through the first door 1; the second door 2 serves as the exit to the escape chamber 3, and during training, personnel are only allowed to leave the escape chamber 3 through the second door 2.

[0018] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the cross-sectional shape of the escape chamber 3 can be either circular or semi-circular.

[0019] The lower end of the escape chamber 3 is connected to a water injection valve via a water injection pipe 4 and a drain valve via a drain pipe 5, used to inject or drain water into the escape chamber 3 during training. Additionally, an air supply pressurization pipe 6 and an exhaust pressure reduction pipe 7 are installed through the side wall of the escape chamber 3. The inner ends of both the air supply pressurization pipe 6 and the exhaust pressure reduction pipe 7 extend into the interior of the escape chamber 3 and upwards to the upper end of the escape chamber 3. The outer end of the air supply pressurization pipe 6 is connected to an air pump via an air supply valve, used to pressurize the escape chamber 3 during training to meet training requirements. The outer end of the exhaust pressure reduction pipe 7 is connected to an exhaust pipe via an exhaust valve, used to expel air from the upper end of the escape chamber 3 to reduce pressure.

[0020] In addition, a water level sensor 9 and an escape suit inflation port 91 are installed on the inner wall of the escape chamber 3. The water level sensor 9 is used to detect the water level in the escape chamber 3, and the escape suit inflation port 91 is connected to the inflation pipeline through an inflation valve. During training, it can be used to connect the escape suit of the trainee and inflate the escape suit.

[0021] A training cabin 8 is located on one side of the escape cabin 3. The training cabin 8 and the escape cabin 3 are separated by a partition wall 81. The lower end of the partition wall 81 has a connecting hole 82 that connects the lower ends of the training cabin 8 and the escape cabin 3. This connecting hole 82 allows water to be placed in both the training cabin 8 and the escape cabin 3, so that the escape cabin 3 can be filled with water at the same time as the training cabin 8. In addition, the height and width of the connecting hole 82 are just enough for one person to pass through. During training preparation, the instructor first enters the escape cabin 3 and then passes through the connecting hole 82 to enter the training cabin 8. If a trainee is trapped in the escape cabin 3 during training, they can also pass through the connecting hole 82 to enter the training cabin 8 for safety. The upper end of the partition wall 81 has a first observation window 83, and the top of the training cabin 8 is closed and has a second observation window 84. Both the first observation window 83 and the second observation window 84 are made of transparent glass or transparent plexiglass. The first observation window 83 is located in the upper air chamber of the training cabin 8. When the instructors in the training cabin 8 are standing normally, their heads are positioned in the air chamber, allowing them to observe the training of the trainees in the escape cabin 3 through the first observation window 83. The second observation window 84 is located at the top of the upper air chamber of the training cabin 8, facilitating observation of the situation inside the training cabin 8 by external personnel.

[0022] In addition, an emergency breathing apparatus 85 is installed on the inner wall of the training cabin 8 for emergency use by instructors or trainees seeking temporary shelter. An escape cabin pressure sensor 92 is installed at the upper end of the escape cabin 3, and a training cabin pressure sensor 86 and a carbon dioxide sensor 87 are installed at the upper end of the training cabin 8. The escape cabin pressure sensor 92 and the training cabin pressure sensor 86 detect the pressure values ​​inside the escape cabin 3 and the training cabin 8, respectively, and control the air supply pressurization pipe 6 to pressurize the cabin or control the exhaust depressurization pipe 7 to discharge air and depressurize, ensuring that the pressure inside the escape cabin 3 and the training cabin 8 meets the training requirements.

[0023] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the training cabin 8 can be fixedly connected to the outside of the escape cabin 3, or it can be nested in the inner cavity of the escape cabin 3.

[0024] like Figure 2 As shown, the training cabin 8 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the escape cabin 3. In this embodiment, the training cabin 8 and the escape cabin 3 share a common side wall, which is the partition plate 81. The connecting hole 82 and the first observation window 83 are located on this common side wall.

[0025] like Figure 3As shown, in another embodiment of the present invention, the partition 81 is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the escape cabin 3, the first door 1 and the second door 2 are located on the same side of the partition 81, and the training cabin 8 is located on the other side away from the first door 1.

[0026] The underwater escape training method described in this invention includes the following steps: 1) During the preparation phase of training, a training cabin 8 capable of accommodating instructors is set up on one side of the training escape cabin 3, and a connecting hole 82 allowing personnel to pass through is set between the escape cabin 3 and the training cabin 8. 2) During the training phase, proceed with the following steps in sequence. 2.1) The escape capsule 3 with the training cabin 8 from step 1) is lowered into the training water area and fixed at the depth required by the training plan; 2.2) Fill the escape chamber 3 with water until the pressure inside and outside the escape chamber 3 is equalized; open the water injection pipe 4 to fill the escape chamber 3 with water until the pressure inside and outside the escape chamber 3 is equalized. At this time, there will be a certain water level at the bottom of the escape chamber 3 and the training chamber 8. An air chamber will exist above the water level, which can be used for short-term breathing by the instructors. 2.3) Open the first hatch 1, the instructor enters the escape cabin 3 and then enters the instructor cabin 8 through the connecting hole 82; the trainee uses the first hatch 1 to enter the escape cabin 3, and then closes the first hatch 1; 2.4) Close the water injection valve, and pressurize the escape chamber 3 by switching the exhaust valve on the exhaust pressure reducing pipe 7 and the air supply valve on the air supply pressurizing pipe 6 until the escape chamber pressure sensor 92 shows that the pressure of the escape chamber meets the training requirements; the trainee inflates the escape suit through the escape suit inflation interface 91 set in the escape chamber 3 until the inflation pressure of the escape suit meets the training requirements.

[0027] 2.5) The instructor signals to the trainee through the first observation window 83 to conduct the escape training. After receiving the signal, the trainee disconnects the escape suit from the inflation port 91, opens the drain valve, and opens the second door 2 to leave the escape chamber 3 after the pressure inside and outside the escape chamber 3 is balanced. The instructor observes and records the trainee's training. After the trainee leaves the escape chamber 3, the instructor enters the escape chamber 3 through the connecting hole 82 and then leaves the escape chamber 3 through the second door 2 to complete the training task.

[0028] 3) Emergency Escape: After the trainees enter the escape cabin 3 in step 2.3), if the trainees fail to complete the training task and the second cabin door 2 cannot be opened, the trainees can enter the training cabin 8 through the connecting hole 82 to escape. They can use the emergency breathing apparatus 85 installed in the training cabin 8 to assist their breathing and pay attention to the reading of the carbon dioxide sensor 87 at all times while waiting for rescue.

[0029] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for underwater escape training, characterized in that... Includes the following steps 1) During the preparation phase of training, a training cabin (8) capable of accommodating instructors is set up on one side of the training escape cabin (3), and a connecting hole (82) allowing personnel to pass through is set between the escape cabin (3) and the training cabin (8). 2) During the training phase, proceed with the following steps in sequence. 2.1) The escape capsule (3) with the training cabin (8) from step 1) is lowered into the training water and fixed at the depth required by the training plan; 2.2) Pour water into the escape chamber (3) until the pressure inside and outside the escape chamber (3) is equalized; 2.3) Open the entrance to the escape pod (3), the instructor enters the escape pod (3) and then enters the instructor pod (8) through the connecting hole (82); the trainee enters the escape pod (3) and then closes the entrance to the escape pod (3); 2.4) Close the water injection valve and pressurize the escape chamber (3) with an air pump until the pressure meets the training requirements; trainees inflate the escape suit through the escape suit inflation port (91) set in the escape chamber (3) until the inflation pressure of the escape suit meets the training requirements. 2.5) The instructor signals to the trainee to conduct escape training. After receiving the signal, the trainee disconnects the escape suit from the escape suit inflation port (91), opens the drain valve, and opens the exit of the escape cabin (3) to leave the escape cabin (3) after the pressure inside and outside the escape cabin (3) is balanced. The instructor observes and records the trainee's training. After the trainee leaves the escape cabin (3), the instructor enters the escape cabin (3) through the connecting hole (82) and leaves the escape cabin (3) through the exit of the escape cabin (3) to complete the training task. 3) Emergency evacuation: After the trainees enter the escape cabin 3 in step 2.3), if the trainees fail to complete the training task and the exit of the escape cabin (3) cannot be opened, the trainees can enter the training cabin (8) through the connecting hole (82) to take refuge and wait for rescue.

2. The underwater escape training method according to claim 1, characterized in that... After the trainee enters the training cabin (8) in step 3), he / she uses the emergency breathing apparatus (85) set in the training cabin (8) to assist breathing.

3. An underwater escape chamber for underwater escape training, comprising an escape chamber (3) with a first door (1) at the lower end and a second door (2) at the upper end, wherein the lower end of the escape chamber (3) is connected to a water injection valve via a water injection pipe (4) and a drain valve via a drain pipe (5), and an air supply pressurization pipe (6) and an exhaust pressure reduction pipe (7) are installed through the side wall of the escape chamber (3), wherein the inner ends of the air supply pressurization pipe (6) and the exhaust pressure reduction pipe (7) extend into the inner cavity of the escape chamber (3), characterized in that: A training cabin (8) is provided on one side of the escape cabin (3). The training cabin (8) and the escape cabin (3) are separated by a partition wall (81). The lower end of the partition wall (81) is provided with a connecting hole (82) connecting the lower end of the training cabin (8) and the lower end of the escape cabin (3). The upper end of the partition wall (81) is provided with a first observation window (83). The top plate of the training cabin (8) is closed and is provided with a second observation window (84).

4. The underwater escape capsule for underwater escape training according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner wall of the escape chamber (3) is equipped with a water level sensor (9) and an escape suit inflation port (91). The escape suit inflation port (91) is connected to the inflation pipeline through an inflation valve. An emergency breathing apparatus (85) is installed on the inner wall of the training chamber (8).

5. An underwater escape capsule for underwater escape training according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, An escape capsule pressure sensor (92) is installed at the upper end of the escape capsule (3), and a training capsule pressure sensor (86) and a carbon dioxide sensor (87) are installed at the upper end of the training capsule (8).

Images