A device for cleaning the slag of a rare earth molten salt electrolysis cell

Abstract

This invention discloses a device for cleaning slag from a rare earth molten salt electrolytic cell, belonging to the field of electrolytic cell slag cleaning technology. It includes an electrolytic cell body with an inclined inner bottom. A slag-salt separation mechanism and a slag utilization mechanism are provided on one side of the electrolytic cell body. The slag-salt separation mechanism includes a separation box installed on one side of the electrolytic cell body. A partition plate is installed in the middle of the separation box, dividing the interior of the separation box into an upper slag chamber and a lower slag chamber. Compared with the prior art, this invention has the following advantages: by setting up the slag-salt separation mechanism, the floating slag and settled slag are separated and collected by relying on the natural convection and gravity of the molten salt. There are no stirring components throughout the process, which does not disrupt the thermal balance and electric field stability of the electrolytic cell. There is no need to stop the cell or reduce the load, ensuring continuous production and improving efficiency. At the same time, it avoids the risks of manual slag cleaning, solves the problems of easy burn-out, short lifespan, and high maintenance costs of traditional mechanical slag cleaning, and reduces safety hazards and operation and maintenance costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrolytic cell slag cleaning technology, specifically to a device for cleaning slag from rare earth molten salt electrolytic cells. Background Technology

[0002] The preparation of rare earth metals mainly employs molten salt electrolysis, a process conducted in a high-temperature fluoride molten salt system. During electrolysis, two types of slag are continuously generated: one is slag floating on the surface of the molten salt, primarily consisting of carbon slag and rare earth oxide slag; the other is sediment deposited at the bottom of the electrolytic cell, mainly composed of high-density rare earth intermetallic compounds and oxide slag. Excessive slag accumulation not only reduces electrolysis efficiency and affects the purity of rare earth products, but can also, in severe cases, cause short circuits and cell shutdowns. Therefore, regular slag cleaning is essential.

[0003] Existing slag removal technologies are mainly divided into two categories: manual slag removal and mechanical slag removal. Manual slag removal relies on workers holding slag scoops and operating at close range, which is extremely labor-intensive. There is a high risk of burns from splashing hot molten salt, and the molten salt is easily stirred up, disrupting the electrolytic balance. Mechanical slag removal mostly uses multi-degree-of-freedom robotic arms to drive slag scoops and scrapers into the electrolytic cell. Although this reduces the labor intensity, it still does not get rid of the inherent idea of ​​working inside the cell. The slag removal components are inserted into the cell and stir up the molten salt, which can easily disrupt the electrolytic thermal balance and electric field stability. It is necessary to reduce the load or even stop the cell, affecting the continuity of production. Moreover, the slag removal components are immersed in high-temperature, highly corrosive molten salt, which causes rapid burning and corrosion, resulting in a short service life and high maintenance and replacement costs.

[0004] In view of this, this application proposes a device for cleaning slag from rare earth molten salt electrolytic cells to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the aforementioned problems in the existing technology, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a device for cleaning slag from rare earth molten salt electrolytic cells. By setting up a slag-salt separation mechanism, the device achieves the separation and collection of floating slag and sediment by relying on the natural convection and gravity of molten salt. The entire process is carried out without any stirring parts, without disrupting the thermal balance and electric field stability of the electrolytic cell. It does not require stopping the cell or reducing the load, thus ensuring continuous production and improving efficiency. At the same time, it avoids the risks of manual slag cleaning and solves the problems of easy burn-out, short lifespan, and high maintenance costs of traditional mechanical slag cleaning, thereby reducing safety hazards and operation and maintenance costs and solving the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0007] An apparatus for cleaning slag from a rare earth molten salt electrolytic cell includes an electrolytic cell body, the bottom of which is an inclined surface, and a slag-salt separation mechanism and a slag utilization mechanism are provided on one side of the electrolytic cell body.

[0008] The slag-salt separation mechanism includes a separation box installed on one side of the electrolytic cell. A partition plate is installed in the middle of the separation box, which divides the interior of the separation box into an upper slag chamber and a lower slag chamber. A slag inlet is provided on one side above the upper slag chamber, and a sediment inlet is provided on one side below the lower slag chamber. An upper baffle plate is installed at an angle above the upper slag chamber, and a lower slag plate is installed at an angle below the lower slag chamber. A slag chamber is opened on the side of the separation box away from the electrolytic cell, and an overflow outlet is provided on one side of the slag chamber.

[0009] The slag utilization mechanism includes a slag forming component located on one side of the separation box, and a slag waste heat utilization component located below the slag forming component.

[0010] Furthermore, the inclined surface at the bottom of the electrolytic cell is inclined toward the separation box, and several sets of sludge guide strips are installed on its inner bottom wall. A base frame is fixedly installed at the bottom of the electrolytic cell.

[0011] Furthermore, both the scum inlet and the sediment inlet are connected to the interior of the electrolytic cell, and the lower edge of the scum inlet is set below the molten salt surface.

[0012] Furthermore, the upper baffle plate is inclined with the left side lower than the right side, and the lower part of the upper baffle plate extends below the molten salt surface and is lower than the lower edge of the slag inlet. The lower part of the upper baffle plate forms a reflux slit with the inner wall of the upper slag chamber. A set of reflux ports communicating with the inside of the electrolytic cell are opened on the lower side of the upper slag chamber and the upper side of the lower slag chamber. The lower slag plate is inclined with the left side higher than the right side.

[0013] Furthermore, the overflow port is located on one side above the upper slag baffle plate, and the overflow port is connected to the interior of the upper slag chamber.

[0014] Furthermore, a scum discharge valve communicating with the scum chamber is installed on the upper side of the separation box, and a sediment discharge valve communicating with the lower scum chamber is installed on the lower side of the separation box.

[0015] Furthermore, the scum forming assembly includes a scum cooling chamber disposed on one side of the separation box, an exhaust valve installed above the scum cooling chamber, an extrusion structure disposed below the scum cooling chamber, and a forming mold installed on one side of the extrusion structure.

[0016] Furthermore, the scum cooling chamber is made of thermally conductive material, and the outlet of the scum discharge valve is connected to the interior of the scum cooling chamber; the extrusion structure is a spiral extrusion molding machine, the lower end of the scum cooling chamber is connected to the inlet of the spiral extrusion molding machine through a connecting valve, the molding die is installed at the outlet of the spiral extrusion molding machine, and multiple sets of extrusion holes are opened on the surface of the molding die.

[0017] Furthermore, the sludge waste heat utilization component includes an outer tank installed below the extrusion structure, and a sludge collection tank is installed inside the outer tank, with a heating chamber formed between the outer tank and the sludge collection tank.

[0018] Furthermore, the outlet of the sludge discharge valve extends into the sludge collection tank, which is made of thermally conductive material; a feed valve is installed on one side of the upper part of the outer tank, and a discharge valve is installed on the lower part of the outer tank, both of which are connected to the interior of the heating chamber; a sludge discharge valve and a bracket are installed at the bottom of the outer tank, and the sludge discharge valve is connected to the interior of the sludge collection tank; temperature displays are installed on one side of both the outer tank and the scum cooling chamber, and the detection parts of the two sets of temperature displays extend into the interior of the sludge collection tank and the scum cooling chamber, respectively.

[0019] Beneficial effects

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0021] 1. This device incorporates a slag-salt separation mechanism on one side of the electrolytic cell. During electrolysis, uneven heating of the molten salt creates temperature and density differences, leading to natural convection. This convection drives the flow of the molten salt surface, providing natural power for the separation and cleaning of slag. Thus, this device can separate and collect slag and sediment by relying on the natural convection and gravity of the molten salt. No agitating components interfere with the molten salt throughout the process, ensuring the thermal balance and electric field stability within the electrolytic cell are not disrupted. No load reduction or cell shutdown is required, guaranteeing the continuity of rare earth molten salt electrolysis production and significantly improving production efficiency. Simultaneously, it avoids the high-temperature risks associated with manual slag cleaning and solves the problems of traditional mechanical slag cleaning devices being easily burned out, having short lifespans, and high maintenance costs in high-temperature, highly corrosive molten salt environments, significantly reducing production safety hazards and equipment operation and maintenance costs.

[0022] 2. Regarding the treatment of scum, this device realizes the resource utilization of scum through a scum forming component. After the scum is cooled in the cooling chamber, it is compacted and extruded by a spiral extrusion molding machine, so that the loose scum is formed into a regular structure, which is convenient for storage, transportation and subsequent recycling and reuse, thereby improving the recycling value of rare earth scum and reducing raw material waste.

[0023] 3. Regarding slag treatment, this device achieves waste heat recovery and reuse through slag waste heat utilization components. After the high-temperature slag enters the slag collection tank, its heat is transferred to the heating chamber through the heat conduction tank, which can preheat the electrolytic raw materials and realize the secondary utilization of slag waste heat. This effectively improves the overall energy utilization rate, reduces the energy consumption of the electrolysis process, and achieves the dual effect of slag treatment and energy saving. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram from another perspective of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the electrolytic cell and the slag-salt separation mechanism in this invention.

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A front view structural diagram;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sludge waste heat utilization component in this invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the outer tank body in this invention;

[0031] Figure 7 for Figure 2 A magnified structural diagram of part A;

[0032] In the diagram, 1. Electrolytic cell body; 2. Slag-salt separation mechanism; 21. Separation box; 22. Upper slag chamber; 23. Upper slag baffle plate; 24. Slag inlet; 25. Divider plate; 26. Lower slag plate; 27. Slag chamber; 28. Return port; 29. ​​Sludge inlet; 210. Lower slag chamber; 211. Slag discharge valve; 212. Sludge discharge valve; 213. Overflow port; 3. Slag utilization mechanism; 31. Slag cooling chamber; 32. Exhaust valve; 33. Outer tank; 34. Support; 35. Feed valve; 36. Discharge valve; 37. Slag discharge valve; 38. Sludge collection tank; 39. Heating chamber; 310. Extrusion structure; 311. Molding mold; 4. Base frame; 5. Sludge guide bar; 6. Temperature display. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] like Figures 1-7As shown, an apparatus for cleaning slag from a rare earth molten salt electrolytic cell includes an electrolytic cell body 1, the bottom of which is an inclined surface, and a slag-salt separation mechanism 2 and a slag utilization mechanism 3 are provided on one side of the electrolytic cell body 1.

[0035] The slag-salt separation mechanism 2 includes a separation box 21 installed on one side of the electrolytic cell 1. A partition plate 25 is installed in the middle of the separation box 21, which divides the interior of the separation box 21 into an upper slag chamber 22 and a lower slag chamber 210. A slag inlet 24 is provided on one side above the upper slag chamber 22, and a sediment inlet 29 is provided on one side below the lower slag chamber 210. An upper baffle plate 23 is installed at an angle above the upper slag chamber 22, and a lower slag plate 26 is installed at an angle below the lower slag chamber 210. A slag chamber 27 is opened on the side of the separation box 21 away from the electrolytic cell 1, and an overflow port 213 is provided on one side of the slag chamber 27.

[0036] The slag utilization mechanism 3 includes a slag forming component located on one side of the separation box 21, and a slag waste heat utilization component located below the slag forming component.

[0037] like Figures 3-4 As shown, the inclined surface at the bottom of the electrolytic cell 1 is inclined toward the separation box 21. Several sets of sludge guide strips 5 are installed on the bottom wall of the electrolytic cell 1. A base frame 4 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the electrolytic cell 1. The inclined surface at the bottom of the electrolytic cell 1, combined with the sludge guide strips 5, can guide the sludge generated by electrolysis toward the separation box 21 by gravity, so as to avoid the sludge from accumulating in the electrolytic cell 1 and facilitate the subsequent sludge to enter the separation box 21 for processing.

[0038] like Figures 3-4 As shown, both the scum inlet 24 and the scum inlet 29 are connected to the interior of the electrolytic cell 1. The lower edge of the scum inlet 24 is set below the molten salt surface, which ensures that the scum floating on the molten salt surface can smoothly enter the upper scum chamber 22.

[0039] like Figures 3-4 As shown, the upper baffle plate 23 is inclined with the left side lower than the right side. The lower part of the upper baffle plate 23 extends below the molten salt surface and is lower than the lower edge of the slag inlet 24. The lower part of the upper baffle plate 23 forms a reflux slit with the inner wall of the upper slag cavity 22. A set of reflux ports 28 communicating with the inside of the electrolytic cell 1 are opened on the lower side of the upper slag cavity 22 and the upper side of the lower slag cavity 210. The lower slag plate 26 is inclined with the left side higher than the right side. The inclined setting of the upper baffle plate 23 and its structure extending below the liquid surface can guide the slag to flow towards the overflow port 213. The reflux slit can allow the molten salt to flow into the electrolytic cell 1, reducing molten salt loss. The reflux ports 28 further realize the reflux of the separated molten salt and improve the molten salt utilization rate. The inclined setting of the lower slag plate 26 can guide the sludge entering the lower slag cavity 210 to gather at the bottom of the cavity, which is convenient for subsequent sludge discharge and treatment.

[0040] like Figures 3-4 As shown, the overflow port 213 is located on one side above the upper baffle plate 23, and the overflow port 213 is connected to the interior of the upper slag cavity 22. The overflow port 213 serves as a discharge channel for scum, allowing the scum guided by the upper baffle plate 23 to be introduced into the scum cavity 27 through overflow, thereby achieving centralized collection of scum.

[0041] like Figures 1-3 As shown, a scum discharge valve 211 connected to the scum chamber 27 is installed on the upper side of the separation box 21, and a sediment discharge valve 212 connected to the lower scum chamber 210 is installed on the lower side of the separation box 21. The scum discharge valve 211 is used to discharge the scum collected in the scum chamber 27; the sediment discharge valve 212 is used to control the discharge of the sediment accumulated in the lower scum chamber 210, so as to realize the separate path treatment of scum and sediment.

[0042] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 7 As shown, the scum forming assembly includes a scum cooling chamber 31 located on one side of the separation box 21. An exhaust valve 32 is installed above the scum cooling chamber 31, and an extrusion structure 310 is located below the scum cooling chamber 31. A forming mold 311 is installed on one side of the extrusion structure 310. The scum cooling chamber 31 is used to cool the discharged scum, which is convenient for subsequent extrusion forming. The exhaust valve 32 can discharge the gas generated during the scum cooling process to avoid excessive pressure in the chamber. The extrusion structure 310 cooperates with the forming mold 311 to extrude the cooled scum into shape, thereby realizing the resource recycling of the scum.

[0043] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 7 As shown, the scum cooling chamber 31 is made of a thermally conductive material, preferably copper with good heat dissipation. The outlet of the scum discharge valve 211 is connected to the interior of the scum cooling chamber 31. The extrusion structure 310 is a spiral extrusion molding machine. The extrusion molding technology of the spiral extrusion molding machine is a publicly available technology and will not be described in detail here. The lower end of the scum cooling chamber 31 is connected to the inlet of the spiral extrusion molding machine through a connecting valve. The molding die 311 is installed at the outlet of the spiral extrusion molding machine, and multiple sets of extrusion holes are opened on the surface of the molding die 311.

[0044] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 as well as Figure 6As shown, the sludge waste heat utilization component includes an outer tank 33 installed below the extrusion structure 310. A sludge collection tank 38 is installed inside the outer tank 33. A heating chamber 39 is formed between the outer tank 33 and the sludge collection tank 38. The sludge collection tank 38 is used to collect the discharged high-temperature sludge. The heating chamber 39 between the outer tank 33 and the sludge collection tank 38 can be used to hold the electrolytic raw materials to be preheated, providing space for the recovery and utilization of sludge waste heat and realizing the secondary utilization of energy.

[0045] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 as well as Figure 7 As shown, the outlet of the sludge discharge valve 212 extends into the sludge collection tank 38, which is made of a thermally conductive material, preferably copper with good thermal conductivity. A feed valve 35 is installed on one side above the outer tank 33, and a discharge valve 36 is installed on the other side below it. Both the feed valve 35 and the discharge valve 36 are connected to the interior of the heating chamber 39. A sludge discharge valve 37 and a support 34 are installed below the outer tank 33, with the sludge discharge valve 37 connected to the interior of the sludge collection tank 38. Temperature displays 6 are installed on one side of both the outer tank 33 and the scum cooling chamber 31. The detection units of both temperature displays 6 extend into the interior of the sludge collection tank 38 and the scum cooling chamber 31, respectively. The feed valve 35 is used to introduce the raw material to be preheated, the discharge valve 36 is used to discharge the preheated raw material, and the sludge discharge valve 37 is used to discharge the processed sludge from the sludge collection tank 38. The temperature displays 6 can monitor the temperature inside the sludge collection tank 38 and the scum cooling chamber 31 in real time, allowing staff to promptly obtain temperature information.

[0046] Working principle:

[0047] When rare earth molten salt electrolysis is performed in electrolytic cell 1, the slag produced during electrolysis floats on the surface of the molten salt, while the sediment, guided by its own gravity and the sediment guide strip 5 at the bottom of electrolytic cell 1, flows towards the separation tank 21 along the inclined inner bottom. During electrolysis, the molten salt is heated, generating temperature and density differences, forming natural convection, which drives the molten salt surface to flow. The slag, along with the molten salt flow, enters the upper slag chamber 22 through the slag inlet 24 and moves towards the inclined upper baffle plate 23. At the same time, the continuous generation of slag raises the liquid level (slag (carbon slag, rare earth oxide slag) is continuously generated during electrolysis). The density of the slag is less than that of the molten salt, so it always floats on the surface of the molten salt. As the slag continues to rise... As the molten salt level gradually rises, the scum can overflow through the overflow port 213 on one side of the upper baffle plate 23 and be collected in the scum cavity 27. The return slit formed between the lower part of the upper baffle plate 23 and the inner wall of the upper scum cavity 22 allows the molten salt entrained in the scum to return to the electrolytic cell 1 through the return port 28. The sludge flows into the lower scum cavity 210 of the separation box 21 through the sludge inlet 29 connected to the electrolytic cell 1 below the lower scum cavity 210, achieving preliminary separation of scum and sludge. The lower scum plate 26, which is installed at an angle with the left side higher than the right side, guides the sludge to gather downwards in the cavity. The molten salt in the lower scum cavity 210 can return to the electrolytic cell 1 through the return port 28 on one side, thereby reducing molten salt loss.

[0048] When it is necessary to remove scum, open the scum discharge valve 211 above the separation box 21, which is connected to the scum chamber 27, and guide the scum into the scum cooling chamber 31. The scum can be cooled by the scum cooling chamber 31, which is made of heat-conducting material. The gas generated during the cooling process can be discharged through the exhaust valve 32. After cooling is completed, open the connecting valve at the lower end of the scum cooling chamber 31 and send the scum into the spiral extrusion molding machine below. The scum is conveyed and extruded by the spiral extrusion molding machine and extruded through multiple sets of extrusion holes on the surface of the molding die 311 for subsequent use.

[0049] When sludge needs to be discharged, the sludge discharge valve 212, which connects to the sludge chamber 210 below the separation box 21, is opened to discharge the sludge into the sludge collection tank 38 inside the outer tank 33. The sludge collection tank 38, made of heat-conducting material, transfers the residual heat carried by the sludge to the heating chamber 39 between the outer tank 33 and the sludge collection tank 38. Then, the electrolytic raw material to be preheated can be introduced through the feed valve 35 above the outer tank 33. After the raw material absorbs the residual heat of the sludge in the heating chamber 39 and completes the preheating, it is discharged through the discharge valve 36 below the outer tank 33 for use in the electrolytic cell 1. The sludge in the sludge collection tank 38 can be discharged through the sludge discharge valve 37 below the outer tank 33. During the entire operation, the temperature display 6 on one side of the outer tank 33 and the scum cooling chamber 31 works in real time. Its detection part extends into the sludge collection tank 38 and the scum cooling chamber 31 respectively to monitor the internal temperature of both in real time, ensuring that the staff can understand the internal temperature in time.

[0050] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention; the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly, for example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. Moreover, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0051] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An apparatus for cleaning slag from a rare earth molten salt electrolytic cell, comprising an electrolytic cell body (1), wherein the inner bottom of the electrolytic cell body (1) is an inclined surface, characterized in that, The electrolytic cell body (1) is provided with a slag-salt separation mechanism (2) and a slag utilization mechanism (3) on one side. The slag-salt separation mechanism (2) includes a separation box (21) installed on one side of the electrolytic cell (1). A partition plate (25) is installed in the middle of the separation box (21). The partition plate (25) divides the interior of the separation box (21) into an upper slag chamber (22) and a lower slag chamber (210). A slag inlet (24) is provided on one side above the upper slag chamber (22), and a sediment inlet (29) is provided on one side below the lower slag chamber (210). An upper baffle plate (23) is installed at an angle above the upper slag chamber (22), and a lower slag plate (26) is installed at an angle below the lower slag chamber (210). A slag chamber (27) is opened on the side of the separation box (21) away from the electrolytic cell (1), and an overflow port (213) is provided on one side of the slag chamber (27). The slag utilization mechanism (3) includes a slag forming component disposed on one side of the separation box (21), and a slag waste heat utilization component is provided below the slag forming component.

2. The apparatus for cleaning slag from a rare earth molten salt electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclined surface at the bottom of the electrolytic cell (1) is inclined toward the separation box (21), and a number of sludge guide strips (5) are installed on its inner bottom wall. A base frame (4) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the electrolytic cell (1).

3. The apparatus for cleaning slag from a rare earth molten salt electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the scum inlet (24) and the sediment inlet (29) are connected to the inside of the electrolytic cell (1), and the lower edge of the scum inlet (24) is set below the molten salt surface.

4. The apparatus for cleaning slag from a rare earth molten salt electrolytic cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper baffle plate (23) is inclined with the left side lower than the right side. The lower part of the upper baffle plate (23) extends below the molten salt surface and is lower than the lower edge of the slag inlet (24). The lower part of the upper baffle plate (23) forms a reflux slit with the inner wall of the upper slag chamber (22). A set of reflux ports (28) communicating with the inside of the electrolytic cell (1) are provided on the lower side of the upper slag chamber (22) and the upper side of the lower slag chamber (210). The lower slag plate (26) is inclined with the left side higher than the right side.

5. The apparatus for cleaning slag from a rare earth molten salt electrolytic cell according to claim 4, characterized in that: The overflow port (213) is located on one side above the upper slag baffle (23), and the overflow port (213) is connected to the interior of the upper slag cavity (22).

6. The apparatus for cleaning slag from a rare earth molten salt electrolytic cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: A scum discharge valve (211) communicating with the scum chamber (27) is installed on the upper side of the separation box (21), and a sediment discharge valve (212) communicating with the sediment chamber (210) is installed on the lower side of the separation box (21).

7. The apparatus for cleaning slag from a rare earth molten salt electrolytic cell according to claim 6, characterized in that: The scum forming assembly includes a scum cooling chamber (31) located on one side of the separation box (21), an exhaust valve (32) installed above the scum cooling chamber (31), an extrusion structure (310) located below the scum cooling chamber (31), and a forming mold (311) installed on one side of the extrusion structure (310).

8. The apparatus for cleaning slag from a rare earth molten salt electrolytic cell according to claim 7, characterized in that: The scum cooling chamber (31) is made of thermally conductive material, and the outlet of the scum discharge valve (211) is connected to the interior of the scum cooling chamber (31). The extrusion structure (310) is a spiral extrusion molding machine. The lower end of the scum cooling chamber (31) is connected to the inlet of the spiral extrusion molding machine through a connecting valve. The molding die (311) is installed at the outlet of the spiral extrusion molding machine, and multiple sets of extrusion holes are opened on the surface of the molding die (311).

9. The apparatus for cleaning slag from a rare earth molten salt electrolytic cell according to claim 8, characterized in that: The waste heat utilization component for sludge includes an outer tank (33) installed below the extrusion structure (310), and a sludge collection tank (38) is installed inside the outer tank (33). A heating chamber (39) is formed between the outer tank (33) and the sludge collection tank (38).

10. The apparatus for cleaning slag from a rare earth molten salt electrolytic cell according to claim 9, characterized in that: The outlet of the sludge discharge valve (212) extends into the sludge collection tank (38), which is made of thermally conductive material. A feed valve (35) is installed on one side above the outer tank (33), and a discharge valve (36) is installed on the other side below it. Both the feed valve (35) and the discharge valve (36) are connected to the interior of the heating chamber (39). A slag discharge valve (37) and a bracket (34) are installed below the outer tank (33). The slag discharge valve (37) is connected to the interior of the sludge collection tank (38). Temperature displays (6) are installed on one side of both the outer tank (33) and the slag cooling chamber (31). The detection parts of the two sets of temperature displays (6) extend into the interior of the sludge collection tank (38) and the slag cooling chamber (31), respectively.

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