A mud pulser

Abstract

The present application provides a mud pulse generator, comprising an instrument short section body, the instrument short section body is tubular structure; the valve head module is arranged in the instrument short section body, the stator and the rotor are arranged in the valve head module, the rotor can cooperate with the stator in the process of rotating to periodically open and close the flow channel, so as to form pulse signal; the central control module is arranged in the instrument short section body, the central control module controls the rotor rotation according to the set modulation instruction, so that the rotor transmits signals to the ground according to multiple modulation modes; and the downhole turbine generator module is arranged in the instrument short section body, the downhole turbine generator module generates electricity by fluid driving, and supplies power for the central control module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a mud pulse generator, and is applicable to the field of drilling engineering technology in oil and gas exploration and development. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of horizontal well, directional well, and cluster well technologies, measurement-while-drilling (MWD) technology is becoming increasingly widespread. Drilling fluid pulse transmission is the most widely used data transmission method during drilling. Its basic principle is to control the downhole pulse generator to move according to a certain coding modulation rule, continuously changing the drilling fluid pressure in the drill pipe, and transmitting measurement data to the surface in the form of pressure wave pulses. Depending on the signal generation method, drilling fluid pulse transmission can be divided into three forms: positive pulse, negative pulse, and continuous wave.

[0003] Currently, commonly used drilling fluid pulse transmission instruments all employ positive pulses, with transmission rates typically below 1 bps. Negative pulse transmission is rarely used due to its destructive effect on the wellbore. However, with the continuous development of oil and gas exploration both domestically and internationally, the use of advanced logging-while-drilling (LMD) equipment such as logging-while-drilling (LWD), engineering parameter monitoring, and rotary steering systems is gradually increasing. This has led to a significant increase in the amount of data that needs to be transmitted from the well to the surface, which conventional positive and negative pulse transmission technologies can no longer meet. Continuous wave drilling fluid pulse transmission technology can increase the data transmission rate by more than 10 times, making it one of the important means to solve the aforementioned problems.

[0004] To ensure better transmission of drilling fluid pulse signals within the drilling fluid channel, baseband signals typically require encoding or modulation, which involves converting certain signal attributes (such as amplitude, frequency, and phase). Commonly used continuous wave signal modulation methods include Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK), Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), and Phase Shift Keying (PSK). Conventional continuous wave pulse signal generators usually consist of a rotor and a stator. The stator's position remains fixed, while the rotor's position is continuously changed by a servo motor. The pulse generator's flow area is at its maximum when the stator and rotor are fully aligned. As the rotor rotates, it moves away from the stator, and the flow area decreases. The flow area is minimized when the stator and rotor are completely separated. As the rotor continues to rotate, it moves closer to the stator, and the flow area increases again until the stator and rotor are fully aligned. Since the generation of conventional continuous wave modulated signals depends solely on the rotor's motion, further increasing the transmission rate requires controlling the rotor with more complex movements, which places higher demands on the control of the servo motor and reducer. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems in the existing technology, this invention proposes a mud pulse generator that simplifies the internal structure of the mud pulse generator and improves system reliability.

[0006] This invention proposes a mud pulse generator, comprising: The instrument section body is a tubular structure; A valve head module is installed inside the instrument section body. The valve head module contains a stator and a rotor. During rotation, the rotor can cooperate with the stator to periodically open and close the flow channel, thereby generating a pulse signal. A central control module is installed within the instrument's main body. This module controls the rotor's rotation using preset modulation commands, thereby enabling the rotor to transmit signals to the ground according to various modulation modes. The downhole turbine generator module is installed inside the instrument sub body. The downhole turbine generator module generates electricity through fluid drive and supplies power to the central control module.

[0007] A further improvement of the present invention is that the valve head module is disposed on the upper part of the instrument sub body, the central control module is disposed on the lower part of the instrument body, and the downhole eddy current generator module is disposed between the valve head module and the central control module; The valve head module includes a valve head housing, and the downhole eddy current power generation module and the central control module are disposed in the pulser housing.

[0008] A further improvement of the present invention is that the downhole turbine generator module includes a turbine generator impeller rotatably mounted on the pulser housing, and an induction winding is provided inside the pulser housing; The turbine generator impeller and the induction winding are coupled by a magnetic coupling mechanism, so that when the turbine generator impeller rotates, it drives the induction winding to rotate and generate electricity.

[0009] A further improvement of the present invention is that the induction winding includes a turbine generator rotor winding and a turbine generator stator winding, wherein the rotation of the turbine generator rotor winding and the turbine generator stator winding generate induced electromotive force. The turbine generator rotor winding is connected to the turbine generator rotor, and the turbine generator rotor rotates as the turbine generator impeller rotates.

[0010] A further improvement of the present invention is that the electromagnetic coupling mechanism includes an inner magnetic coupling magnet of the turbine generator disposed on the outside of the turbine generator rotor, and an outer magnetic coupling magnet of the turbine generator disposed on the turbine generator impeller.

[0011] A further improvement of the present invention is that the turbine generator rotor includes a shaft, and the shaft has an inner hole. The upper part of the rotating shaft is provided with the magnetic coupling inner magnet of the turbine generator, and the lower part of the rotating shaft is provided with the rotor winding of the turbine generator; The stator winding of the turbine generator is fixed to the inner wall of the pulse generator housing.

[0012] A further improvement of the present invention is that the lower end of the induction winding is connected to an electrical connector via a wire, and the electrical connector is connected to the central control module.

[0013] A further improvement of the present invention is that the rotor is connected to a rotor main shaft, the lower part of the rotor main shaft is connected to a rotor drive shaft, the rotor drive shaft extends from the lower end of the valve head housing and extends into the pulse generator housing, and an electromagnetic coupler driven plate is provided at the lower end of the rotor drive shaft.

[0014] A further improvement of the present invention is that an electromagnetic coupling active disk is provided on the upper part of the pulse generator housing, and an isolation cover is provided between the electromagnetic coupling active disk and the electromagnetic coupling driven disk; The electromagnetic coupling active disk is connected to the central control module, and the central control module controls the electromagnetic coupling active disk to drive the electromagnetic coupling driven disk to rotate by setting modulation commands.

[0015] A further improvement of the present invention is that the stator is fixedly mounted on the valve head housing by a stator snap ring and a stator fixing screw, and the valve head housing is connected to the instrument short section body by an instrument string positioning screw; The rotor is connected to the rotor spindle by rotor fixing screws.

[0016] A further improvement of the present invention is that a flow channel hole is provided at the position of the rotor fixing screw, the flow channel hole connects the inside and outside of the rotor main shaft, and a piston is provided inside the rotor main shaft.

[0017] A further improvement of the present invention is that a retrieval cane is provided at the upper end of the valve head module.

[0018] A further improvement of the present invention is that the electromagnetic coupling active disk is connected to a wire, and the wire is connected to the electrical connector through a slip ring mechanism disposed in the inner hole, thereby connecting to the central control module.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages.

[0020] The mud pulse generator according to the present invention simplifies the internal structure of the mud pulse generator and improves system reliability. Unlike conventional rotary valve type pulse signal generators that are driven by a motor and reduction gear, the driving device in this invention is powered by the rotor spindle of a mud-driven downhole turbine generator. The rotational speed of the pulse generator rotor is controlled by an electromagnetic coupler between the turbine generator spindle and the pulse generator rotor to achieve signal transmission.

[0021] Unlike conventional shear valve pulse signal generators, which are driven by servo motors and reducers, the mud pulse generator of this invention uses an electromagnetic coupler to control the rotation speed of the pulse generator rotor, generating drilling fluid pulse signals of different frequencies, amplitudes, and phases. By constructing a correspondence between a binary stream and different pulse signals, signal modulation of the binary stream can be achieved simultaneously. The drilling fluid pulse signals corresponding to the binary stream are separated by utilizing the different frequencies of the pulse signals, thereby achieving signal demodulation. Using an electromagnetic coupler control method eliminates the need for servo motors, reducers, and other driving components, further reducing the complexity of the instrument structure and improving the reliability of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a mud pulse generator according to an embodiment of the present invention; It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0023] The meanings of the reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows: 100. Instrument sub body; 200. Valve head module; 300. Downhole turbine generator module; 400. Central control module; 201. Retrieval tool; 202. Stator circlip; 203. Stator; 204. Rotor; 205. Rotor spindle; 206. Valve head housing; 207. Rotor drive shaft; 208. Electromagnetic coupler driven plate; 209. Isolation cover; 210. Stator fixing screw; 211. Rotor fixing screw; 212. Piston; 213. Pulse generator housing; 214. Spindle fixing bearing; 215. Oil injection hole; 216. Instrument string positioning screw; 301. Electromagnetic coupler... 302. Generator drive plate; 303. Turbine generator housing; 304. Turbine generator rotor; 305. Turbine generator magnetic coupling inner magnet; 306. Turbine generator magnetic coupling outer magnet; 307. Turbine generator impeller; 308. Turbine generator rotor winding; 309. Turbine generator stator winding; 310. Turbine generator rotor fixed bearing; 311. Wire; 312. Electrical connector; 313. Wire; 314. Slip ring outer ring; 315. Slip ring inner ring fixed bearing; 401. Central control circuit; 402. Centralizer; 403. Central control module housing. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not an exhaustive list of all embodiments. Furthermore, without conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0025] With the continuous development of horizontal well, directional well, and cluster well technologies, measurement-while-drilling (MWD) technology is becoming increasingly widespread. Drilling fluid pulse transmission is the most widely used data transmission method during drilling. Its basic principle is to control the downhole pulse generator to move according to a certain coding modulation rule, continuously changing the drilling fluid pressure in the drill pipe, and transmitting measurement data to the surface in the form of pressure wave pulses. Depending on the signal generation method, drilling fluid pulse transmission can be divided into three forms: positive pulse, negative pulse, and continuous wave.

[0026] Currently, commonly used drilling fluid pulse transmission instruments all employ positive pulses, with transmission rates typically below 1 bps. Negative pulse transmission is rarely used due to its destructive effect on the wellbore. However, with the continuous development of oil and gas exploration both domestically and internationally, the use of advanced logging-while-drilling (LMD) equipment such as logging-while-drilling (LWD), engineering parameter monitoring, and rotary steering systems is gradually increasing. This has led to a significant increase in the amount of data that needs to be transmitted from the well to the surface, which conventional positive and negative pulse transmission technologies can no longer meet. Continuous wave drilling fluid pulse transmission technology can increase the data transmission rate by more than 10 times, making it one of the important means to solve the aforementioned problems.

[0027] To ensure better transmission of drilling fluid pulse signals within the drilling fluid channel, baseband signals typically require encoding or modulation, which involves converting certain signal attributes (such as amplitude, frequency, and phase). Commonly used continuous wave signal modulation methods include Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK), Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), and Phase Shift Keying (PSK). Conventional continuous wave pulse signal generators usually consist of a rotor and a stator. The stator's position remains fixed, while the rotor's position is continuously changed by a servo motor. The pulse generator's flow area is at its maximum when the stator and rotor are fully aligned. As the rotor rotates, it moves away from the stator, and the flow area decreases. The flow area is minimized when the stator and rotor are completely separated. As the rotor continues to rotate, it moves closer to the stator, and the flow area increases again until the stator and rotor are fully aligned. Since the generation of conventional continuous wave modulated signals depends solely on the rotor's motion, further increasing the transmission rate requires controlling the rotor with more complex movements, which places higher demands on the control of the servo motor and reducer.

[0028] In such Figure 1In the illustrated embodiment, a mud pulse generator according to the present invention comprises: The instrument section body 100 is a tubular structure. A valve head module 200 is installed inside the instrument section body 100. The valve head module 200 has a stator 203 and a rotor 204. The stator 203 has several flow channels, and the rotor 204 also has several flow channels. The stator 203 is fixed, while the rotor 204 can rotate. During the rotation of the rotor 204, the flow channels of the rotor 204 and the flow channels of the stator 203 periodically overlap or stagger, thereby forming a continuous pulse signal. The central control module 400 is installed inside the instrument section body 100. The central control module 400 controls the rotor 204 to rotate by setting modulation commands, so that the rotor 204 transmits signals to the ground according to multiple modulation modes. The downhole turbine generator module 300 is installed inside the instrument sub body 100. The downhole turbine generator module generates electricity through fluid drive and supplies power to the central control module 400.

[0029] In the mud pulse generator according to this embodiment, the turbine generator module can generate electrical energy by rotating through the flow of mud. The turbine generator module supplies power to the central control module 400. The central control module 400 controls the rotor 204 to rotate by setting modulation commands, so that the rotor 204 transmits signals to the ground according to various modulation modes.

[0030] In one embodiment, the valve head module 200 is disposed on the upper part of the instrument sub body 100, the central control module 400 is disposed on the lower part of the instrument body, and the downhole eddy current generator module is disposed between the instrument sub body 100 and the central control module 400.

[0031] In this embodiment, the valve head module 200 is located at the top and can directly transmit signals to the surface; the downhole turbine generator module 300 is located in the middle, near the top, and the mud flowing above can act on the downhole turbine generator module 300; the central control module 400 is located at the bottom and provides upper space for the downhole turbine generator module 300 to ensure smooth mud flow, thereby smoothly driving the downhole turbine generator module to generate electricity.

[0032] In one embodiment, the downhole turbine generator module 300 includes a turbine generator impeller 306 rotatably mounted on the pulser housing 213, the turbine generator impeller 306 rotating during the flow of mud or other downhole fluids.

[0033] The pulse generator housing 213 is provided with an induction winding inside; The turbine generator impeller 306 and the induction winding are coupled by a magnetic coupling mechanism, so that when the turbine generator impeller 306 rotates, it drives the induction winding to rotate and generate electricity.

[0034] In the mud pulse generator according to this embodiment, the impeller in the downhole turbine generator module 300 is located outside the pulse generator housing 213, and the induction winding is located inside the pulse generator housing 213. Through the housing isolation and magnetic coupling, the mud can drive the impeller to rotate while preventing mud from entering the inside of the pulse generator housing 213 and damaging the internal components.

[0035] In this embodiment, the turbine generator impeller 306 is rotatably mounted on the pulser housing 213. Preferably, multiple turbine generator impellers 306 are mounted on a shaft, which is sleeved on the pulser housing 213. When the mud fluid flows, it drives the turbine generator impeller 306 to rotate along the shaft.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, the induction winding includes a turbine generator rotor winding 307 and a turbine generator stator winding 308. The rotation of the turbine generator rotor winding 307 and the turbine generator stator winding 308 generate induced electromotive force, thereby completing the power generation.

[0037] The induction winding also includes a turbine generator rotor 303, which is connected to the turbine generator rotor winding 307 and drives the turbine generator rotor winding 307 to rotate.

[0038] The turbine generator rotor 303 is coupled to the turbine generator impeller 306 through the magnetic coupling mechanism. When the turbine generator impeller 306 rotates, the turbine generator rotor 303 rotates accordingly.

[0039] In the mud pulse power generation described in this embodiment, the turbine generator impeller 306 rotates under the action of the mud flow, and under the action of magnetic coupling, drives the turbine generator rotor 303 to rotate, thereby driving the turbine generator rotor winding 307 to rotate, generating induced electromotive force between it and the turbine generator stator winding 308, thereby completing the power generation.

[0040] In one embodiment, the electromagnetic coupling mechanism includes an inner magnetic coupling magnet 304 disposed on the outside of the turbine generator rotor 303, and an outer magnetic coupling magnet disposed on the turbine generator impeller 306.

[0041] In one embodiment, the turbine generator rotor 303 includes a shaft, which is a hollow structure and has an inner hole that extends through the shaft in the axial direction.

[0042] The upper part of the rotating shaft is provided with the inner magnet 304 of the magnetic coupling of the turbine generator, and the lower part of the rotating shaft is provided with the rotor winding 307 of the turbine generator. The turbine generator stator winding 308 is fixed on the inner wall of the pulse generator housing 213.

[0043] In one embodiment, the lower end of the induction winding is connected to an electrical connector via a wire 310, and the electrical connector is connected to the central control module 400.

[0044] In one embodiment, the valve head module 200 includes a valve head housing 206, the rotor 204 and the stator 203 are both disposed within the valve head housing 206, the rotor 204 is connected to a rotor spindle 205, the lower part of the rotor spindle 205 is connected to a rotor drive shaft 207, the rotor drive shaft 207 extends from the lower end of the valve head housing 206 and extends into the pulse generator housing 213, and an electromagnetic coupler driven disc 208 is disposed at the lower end of the rotor drive shaft 207.

[0045] In one embodiment, an electromagnetic coupling active disk is provided on the upper part of the pulser housing 213, and an isolation cover 209 is provided between the electromagnetic coupling active disk and the electromagnetic coupling driven disk. The electromagnetic coupling active disk is connected to the central control module 400. The central control module 400 controls the electromagnetic coupling active disk to drive the electromagnetic coupling driven disk to rotate by setting modulation commands.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, the stator 203 is fixedly mounted on the valve head housing 206 by a stator snap ring 202 and a stator fixing screw 210. The valve head housing 206 is connected to the instrument section body 100 by an instrument string positioning screw 216. The instrument positioning screw is located on the side of the valve head housing 206, and the stator snap ring 202 is located at the upper end of the valve head housing 206.

[0047] The rotor 204 is connected to the rotor main shaft 205 by rotor fixing screws 211.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, a flow channel hole is provided at the position of the rotor fixing screw 211, the flow channel hole connects the inside and outside of the rotor main shaft 205, and a piston 212 is provided inside the rotor main shaft 205.

[0049] The annular pressure is transmitted to the piston 212 through the orifice, so that the oil inside the mud pulse generator at the bottom of the piston 212 is balanced with the annular pressure.

[0050] In one embodiment, the upper end of the valve head module 200 is provided with a retrieval spear 201, which works in conjunction with retrieval tools to achieve the retrieval of the entire instrument.

[0051] In one embodiment, the electromagnetic coupling active disk is connected to a wire 310, which is connected to the electrical connector via a slip ring mechanism disposed in the inner hole, thereby connecting to the central control module 400.

[0052] The slip ring mechanism includes an outer slip ring 313, an inner slip ring 314, and a fixed shaft for the inner slip ring 314. During assembly, the outer slip ring 313, the inner slip ring 314, and the fixed bearing 315 for the inner slip ring are installed into the inner bore of the turbine generator rotor 303. The electromagnetic coupler drive disc 301 is connected to the outer slip ring 313 via a wire 310.

[0053] By setting a slip ring mechanism, it is ensured that the electromagnetic coupling active disk can always be electrically connected to the central control module 400 even when the speeds of the electromagnetic coupling active disk and the turbine generator rotor 303 are inconsistent.

[0054] In one embodiment, the central control module 400 includes a central control module housing 403, a central control circuit 401 disposed inside the central control module housing 403, and a central stabilizer 402 disposed outside the central control module housing 403.

[0055] The process of using the mud pulse generator according to this embodiment is as follows: First, assemble the valve head module 200.

[0056] Install the main shaft fixed bearing 214 into the pulse generator housing 213. Install the piston 212 into the rotor main shaft 205. Connect the valve head housing 206 to the pulse generator housing 213. Install the rotor 204 onto the top of the rotor main shaft 205 using rotor fixing screws 211. The rotor fixing screws 211 communicate with the inside of the rotor main shaft 205 through a channel, and the annular pressure is transmitted to the piston 212 through the channel. This balances the oil inside the mud pulse generator below the piston 212 with the annular pressure. Install the stator 203 into the valve head housing 206. Connect the top of the stator 203 to the retrieval spear 201. The stator 203 is fixed to the valve head housing 206 by stator fixing screws 210 to prevent rotation. The top of the stator 203 is fixed by the stator retaining ring 202 to prevent vertical movement. Install the electromagnetic coupler driven plate 208 onto the bottom of the rotor main shaft 205. Install the isolation cover 209 onto the bottom of the pulse generator housing 213.

[0057] Install downhole turbine generator module 300.

[0058] according to Figure 1The turbine generator housing 302, turbine generator rotor 303, turbine generator magnetic coupling inner magnet 304, turbine generator magnetic coupling outer magnet 305, turbine generator impeller 306, turbine generator rotor 303 winding, turbine generator stator 203 winding, turbine generator rotor 303 fixed bearing and other components are connected in sequence.

[0059] The electromagnetic coupler drive disc 301 is installed on the top of the turbine generator rotor 303. The slip ring outer ring 313, slip ring inner ring 314, and slip ring inner ring fixed bearing 315 are installed into the inner bore of the turbine generator rotor 303. The electromagnetic coupler drive disc 301 and the slip ring outer ring 313 are connected by a wire 310.

[0060] Install the central control module 400 assembly.

[0061] according to Figure 1 Connect the central control circuit 401, the central stabilizer 402, and the central control module housing 403 in sequence.

[0062] The wires 310 of the generator assembly and slip ring inner ring 314 are connected to the lower central control module 400 assembly via electrical connectors.

[0063] Instrument assembly installation. Insert the previously connected pulser assembly into the instrument sub body 100. The valve head housing 206 suspends the entire instrument string inside the instrument sub body 100, and the entire instrument string is fixed to the downhole instrument sub body 100 by the instrument string positioning screws 216 to prevent the instrument string from rotating circumferentially or moving up and down.

[0064] During operation, the drilling fluid drives the turbine generator impeller 306 to rotate. The turbine generator impeller 306 drives the turbine generator rotor 303 to rotate and generate electricity through the inner magnet of the turbine generator magnetic coupler and the outer magnet 305 of the turbine generator magnetic coupler. The electrical energy is supplied to the central control module 400 assembly. After the central control module 400 assembly is powered on, it starts working according to the set program. By adjusting the output current or voltage value, it sends an electrical signal to the electromagnetic coupler active plate 301 through the slip ring assembly. The changing electrical signal changes the magnetic field strength of the electromagnetic coupler active plate 301, thereby changing the output torque between the electromagnetic coupler active plate 301 and the electromagnetic coupler driven plate 208, and adjusting the rotation state of the electromagnetic coupler driven plate 208. Since the pulse generator rotor 204 is directly connected to the electromagnetic coupler driven plate 208 through the rotor main shaft 205, the movement state of the pulse generator rotor 204 is controlled, generating a continuous and variable mud pulse pressure wave signal that is uploaded to the surface.

[0065] The generator speed can be controlled via the ground-based command transmission module, which sends signal modulation commands to the central control module 400 assembly to control the pulse generator rotor 204. This allows the pulse generator rotor 204 to transmit signals to the ground according to various modulation modes.

[0066] The mud pulse generator described in this embodiment differs from conventional shear valve pulse signal generators where the rotor 204 is driven by a servo motor and reducer. This invention controls the rotation speed of the pulse generator rotor 204 via an electromagnetic coupler, generating drilling fluid pulse signals of different frequencies, amplitudes, and phases. By constructing a correspondence between a binary stream and different pulse signals, signal modulation of the binary stream can be achieved simultaneously. The drilling fluid pulse signals corresponding to the binary stream are separated by utilizing the different pulse signal frequencies, thereby achieving signal demodulation. Using an electromagnetic coupler control method eliminates the need for drive components such as servo motors and reducers, further reducing the complexity of the instrument structure and improving system reliability.

[0067] Example 1 A mud pulse generator, comprising: The instrument section body 100 is a tubular structure. A valve head module 200 is installed inside the instrument section body 100. The valve head module 200 has a stator 203 and a rotor 204. The stator 203 has several flow channels, and the rotor 204 also has several flow channels. The stator 203 is fixed, while the rotor 204 can rotate. During the rotation of the rotor 204, the flow channels of the rotor 204 and the flow channels of the stator 203 periodically overlap or stagger, thereby forming a continuous pulse signal. The central control module 400 is installed inside the instrument section body 100. The central control module 400 controls the rotor 204 to rotate by setting modulation commands, so that the rotor 204 transmits signals to the ground according to multiple modulation modes. The downhole turbine generator module 300 is installed inside the instrument sub body 100. The downhole turbine generator module generates electricity through fluid drive and supplies power to the central control module 400.

[0068] In the mud pulse generator according to this embodiment, the turbine generator module can generate electrical energy by rotating through the flow of mud. The turbine generator module supplies power to the central control module 400. The central control module 400 controls the rotor 204 to rotate by setting modulation commands, so that the rotor 204 transmits signals to the ground according to various modulation modes.

[0069] The valve head module 200 is located on the upper part of the instrument sub body 100, the central control module 400 is located on the lower part of the instrument body, and the downhole eddy current generator module is located between the instrument sub body 100 and the central control module 400.

[0070] The valve head module 200 is located at the top and can directly transmit signals to the surface; the downhole turbine generator module 300 is located in the middle, near the top, and the mud flowing above can act on the downhole turbine generator module 300; the central control module 400 is located at the bottom and provides upper space for the downhole turbine generator module 300 to ensure smooth mud flow, thereby smoothly driving the downhole turbine generator module to generate electricity.

[0071] The downhole turbine generator module 300 includes a turbine generator impeller 306 rotatably mounted on the pulser housing 213. The turbine generator impeller 306 rotates during the flow of mud or other downhole fluids. An induction winding is provided inside the pulser housing 213. The turbine generator impeller 306 and the induction winding are coupled by a magnetic coupling mechanism, so that when the turbine generator impeller 306 rotates, it drives the induction winding to rotate and generate electricity.

[0072] The turbine generator impeller 306 is rotatably mounted on the pulser housing 213. Preferably, multiple turbine generator impellers 306 are mounted on a shaft, which is sleeved on the pulser housing 213. When the mud fluid flows, it drives the turbine generator impeller 306 to rotate along the shaft.

[0073] The induction winding includes a turbine generator rotor winding 307 and a turbine generator stator winding 308. The rotation of the turbine generator rotor winding 307 and the turbine generator stator winding 308 generate induced electromotive force, thereby generating electricity. The induction winding also includes a turbine generator rotor 303, which is connected to the turbine generator rotor winding 307 and drives the turbine generator rotor winding 307 to rotate.

[0074] The turbine generator rotor 303 is coupled to the turbine generator impeller 306 through the magnetic coupling mechanism. When the turbine generator impeller 306 rotates, the turbine generator rotor 303 rotates accordingly.

[0075] The turbine generator impeller 306 rotates under the action of the mud flow, and under the action of magnetic coupling, it drives the turbine generator rotor 303 to rotate, thereby driving the turbine generator rotor winding 307 to rotate, generating induced electromotive force between the rotor winding 307 and the turbine generator stator winding 308, thus completing the power generation.

[0076] The electromagnetic coupling mechanism includes an inner magnetic coupling magnet 304 of the turbine generator disposed on the outside of the turbine generator rotor 303, and an outer magnetic coupling magnet of the turbine generator disposed on the turbine generator impeller 306.

[0077] The turbine generator rotor 303 includes a shaft, which is a hollow structure and has an inner hole that extends through the shaft in the axial direction.

[0078] The upper part of the rotating shaft is provided with the inner magnet 304 of the magnetic coupling of the turbine generator, and the lower part of the rotating shaft is provided with the rotor winding 307 of the turbine generator. The turbine generator stator winding 308 is fixed on the inner wall of the pulse generator housing 213.

[0079] The lower end of the induction winding is connected to an electrical connector via a wire 310, and the electrical connector is connected to the central control module 400. The valve head module 200 includes a valve head housing 206, and the rotor 204 and the stator 203 are both disposed within the valve head housing 206. The rotor 204 is connected to a rotor main shaft 205, and the lower part of the rotor main shaft 205 is connected to a rotor drive shaft 207. The rotor drive shaft 207 extends from the lower end of the valve head housing 206 and extends into the pulse generator housing 213. An electromagnetic coupler driven plate 208 is disposed at the lower end of the rotor drive shaft 207.

[0080] An electromagnetic coupling active disk is provided on the upper part of the pulser housing 213, and an isolation cover 209 is provided between the electromagnetic coupling active disk and the electromagnetic coupling driven disk. The electromagnetic coupling active disk is connected to the central control module 400. The central control module 400 controls the electromagnetic coupling active disk to drive the electromagnetic coupling driven disk to rotate by setting modulation commands.

[0081] The stator 203 is fixedly mounted on the valve head housing 206 by a stator retaining ring 202 and a stator fixing screw 210. The valve head housing 206 is connected to the instrument section body 100 by an instrument string positioning screw 216. The instrument positioning screw is located on the side of the valve head housing 206, and the stator retaining ring 202 is located at the upper end of the valve head housing 206.

[0082] The rotor 204 is connected to the rotor main shaft 205 by rotor fixing screws 211.

[0083] A flow channel hole is provided at the position of the rotor fixing screw 211. The flow channel hole connects the inside and outside of the rotor main shaft 205. A piston 212 is provided inside the rotor main shaft 205. The annular pressure is transmitted to the piston 212 through the flow channel, so that the oil inside the mud pulse generator below the piston 212 is balanced with the annular pressure.

[0084] The upper end of the valve head module 200 is provided with a retrieval spear 201, which works in conjunction with retrieval tools to achieve the retrieval of the entire instrument.

[0085] The electromagnetic coupling active disk is connected to a wire 310, which is connected to the electrical connector via a slip ring mechanism disposed in the inner hole, thereby connecting to the central control module 400.

[0086] The slip ring mechanism includes an outer slip ring 313, an inner slip ring 314, and a fixed shaft for the inner slip ring 314. During assembly, the outer slip ring 313, the inner slip ring 314, and the fixed bearing 315 for the inner slip ring are installed into the inner bore of the turbine generator rotor 303. The electromagnetic coupler drive disc 301 is connected to the outer slip ring 313 via a wire 310.

[0087] By setting a slip ring mechanism, it is ensured that the electromagnetic coupling active disk can always be electrically connected to the central control module 400 even when the speeds of the electromagnetic coupling active disk and the turbine generator rotor 303 are inconsistent.

[0088] The central control module 400 includes a central control module housing 403, a central control circuit 401 disposed inside the central control module housing 403, and a central stabilizer 402 disposed outside the central control module housing 403.

[0089] It should be understood that the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited to the specific structures, processing steps, or materials disclosed herein, but should be extended to equivalent substitutions of these features as understood by those skilled in the art. It should also be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting.

[0090] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0091] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0092] Certain terms are used throughout this application to refer to specific system components. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the same components may often be referred to by different names, and therefore this application is not intended to distinguish components that differ only in name and not in function. The terms "an embodiment" or "embodiment" used in the specification mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Therefore, the phrase "an embodiment" or "embodiment" appearing throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment.

[0093] The embodiments of the present invention are given for illustrative and descriptive purposes only, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical application of the invention, and to enable those skilled in the art to understand the invention and to design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for a particular purpose.

[0094] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and / or modifications falling within the scope of the invention, and all changes and / or modifications made according to embodiments of the invention should be covered within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A mud pulse generator, characterized in that, include: The instrument sub-body (100) is a tubular structure; A valve head module (200) is provided in the instrument sub body (100). The valve head module (200) is provided with a stator (203) and a rotor (204). During rotation, the rotor (204) can cooperate with the stator (203) to periodically open and close the flow channel, thereby generating a pulse signal. A central control module (400) is installed within the instrument sub-body (100). This central control module (400) controls the rotation of the rotor (204) using pre-set modulation commands, thereby causing the rotor (204) to transmit signals to the ground according to various modulation modes; and The downhole turbine generator module (300) is installed in the instrument sub body (100), which generates electricity by fluid drive and supplies power to the central control module (400).

2. The mud pulse generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The valve head module (200) is located on the upper part of the instrument sub body (100), the central control module (400) is located on the lower part of the instrument body, and the downhole eddy current generator module is located between the valve head module (200) and the central control module (400). The valve head module (200) includes a valve head housing (206), and the downhole eddy current power generation module and the central control module (400) are disposed in the pulser housing (213).

3. The mud pulse generator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The downhole turbine generator module (300) includes a turbine generator impeller (306) rotatably mounted on a pulser housing (213), and an induction winding is provided inside the pulser housing (213); The turbine generator impeller (306) and the induction winding are coupled by a magnetic coupling mechanism, so that when the turbine generator impeller (306) rotates, it drives the induction winding to rotate and generate electricity.

4. The mud pulse generator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The induction winding includes a turbine generator rotor (303) winding and a turbine generator stator winding (308). The rotation of the turbine generator rotor (303) winding and the turbine generator stator winding (308) generate induced electromotive force. The turbine generator rotor (303) winding is connected to the turbine generator rotor (303), and the turbine generator rotor (303) rotates as the turbine generator impeller (306) rotates.

5. The mud pulse generator according to claim 4, characterized in that, The electromagnetic coupling mechanism includes an inner magnetic coupling magnet (304) of the turbine generator located on the outside of the turbine generator rotor (303), and an outer magnetic coupling magnet (305) of the turbine generator located on the turbine generator impeller (306).

6. The mud pulse generator according to claim 5, characterized in that, The turbine generator rotor (303) includes a shaft with an inner hole inside. The upper part of the rotating shaft is provided with the magnetic coupling inner magnet (304) of the turbine generator, and the lower part of the rotating shaft is provided with the rotor (303) winding of the turbine generator; The stator winding (308) of the turbine generator is fixed on the inner wall of the pulse generator housing (213).

7. The mud pulse generator according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lower end of the induction winding is connected to an electrical connector via a wire (310), and the electrical connector is connected to the central control module (400).

8. The mud pulse generator according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that, The rotor (204) is connected to a rotor spindle (205), and the lower part of the rotor spindle (205) is connected to a rotor drive shaft (207). The rotor drive shaft (207) extends from the lower end of the valve head housing (206) and into the pulse generator housing (213). An electromagnetic coupler driven plate (208) is provided at the lower end of the rotor drive shaft (207).

9. The mud pulse generator according to claim 8, characterized in that, An electromagnetic coupling active disk is provided on the upper part of the pulse generator housing (213), and an isolation cover (209) is provided between the electromagnetic coupling active disk and the electromagnetic coupling driven disk. The electromagnetic coupling active disk is connected to the central control module (400), and the central control module (400) controls the electromagnetic coupling active disk to drive the electromagnetic coupling driven disk to rotate by setting the modulation command.

10. The mud pulse generator according to claim 9, characterized in that, The stator (203) is fixedly mounted on the valve head housing (206) by a stator snap ring (202) and a stator fixing screw (210), and the valve head housing (206) is connected to the instrument section body (100) by an instrument string positioning screw (216); The rotor (204) is connected to the rotor spindle (205) by rotor fixing screws (211).

11. The mud pulse generator according to claim 10, characterized in that, A flow channel hole is provided at the position of the rotor fixing screw (211), the flow channel hole connects the inside and outside of the rotor main shaft (205), and a piston (212) is provided inside the rotor main shaft (205).

12. The mud pulse generator according to claim 11, characterized in that, The upper end of the valve head module (200) is provided with a retrieval spear (201).

13. The mud pulse generator according to claim 12, characterized in that, The electromagnetic coupling active disk is connected to a wire (310), which is connected to the electrical connector via a slip ring mechanism disposed in the inner hole, thereby connecting to the central control module (400).

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