Underground oil depot main tank through core excavation method in mountainous area

Abstract

The application discloses a mountainous underground oil depot main depot through excavation method, which comprises the following steps: excavating an upper passage of the mountainous underground oil depot, and setting an upper passage support in the upper passage of the mountainous underground oil depot; excavating a lower passage of the mountainous underground oil depot, and setting a lower passage support in the lower passage of the mountainous underground oil depot; taking the upper passage of the mountainous underground oil depot as a working passage, excavating a main depot dome of the oil depot, and anchoring and reinforcing surrounding rocks of the main depot dome of the oil depot by using a support anchor rod; excavating a through passage to connect the upper passage of the mountainous underground oil depot and the lower passage of the mountainous underground oil depot, and temporarily supporting the inner wall of the through passage; excavating the main depot of the oil depot; after the main depot of the oil depot is excavated to a designed contour size, the inner wall of the main depot of the oil depot is integrally supported and constructed, and a main depot support of the oil depot is formed. The application fully utilizes the high-efficiency out-of-concrete advantage of the large-section lower passage, effectively shortens the out-of-concrete operation time, greatly improves the overall construction progress, and improves the construction efficiency by more than 50% compared with the traditional construction process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to a construction method for underground engineering, and in particular to a method for excavating the main storage compartment of an underground oil depot in a mountainous area. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous advancement of energy reserve projects in my country, underground oil depots are urgently needed in mountainous areas to meet special energy storage requirements. Due to the complex terrain and geological conditions, the excavation and construction of the main underground storage facility is the core focus and challenge of the entire project. Its construction progress directly determines whether the project can be completed on schedule, and construction safety is crucial to the success or failure of the project.

[0003] Currently, while various conventional techniques exist for underground engineering excavation in mountainous areas, existing methods have numerous drawbacks when it comes to the excavation of the main storage area of ​​underground oil depots in these areas. Traditional excavation methods often rely solely on either the upper or lower passage for muck removal. However, the upper passage in mountainous underground oil depots, primarily designed for ventilation, has a small excavation cross-section, resulting in extremely low efficiency as a muck transport channel and easily leading to muck accumulation and construction stagnation. While the lower passage, due to its role in laying oil pipelines and handling oil storage and extraction, has a larger excavation cross-section and is capable of efficient muck removal, traditional techniques fail to establish an efficient connection between the main storage area and the lower passage, thus failing to fully utilize the muck removal advantages of the lower passage. Furthermore, the complex geological conditions and poor surrounding rock stability in mountainous areas mean that unreasonable excavation and muck removal processes can easily trigger safety accidents such as rockfalls and rockfalls. Additionally, traditional construction techniques are cumbersome, require significant manpower and material resources, and are costly and slow, making it difficult to meet the tight construction schedule requirements of underground oil depot projects in mountainous areas.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an excavation method that is suitable for the structural characteristics of underground oil depots in mountainous areas. By optimizing the excavation process and establishing an efficient muck removal channel system, multiple goals can be achieved, such as accelerating construction progress, reducing construction costs, and ensuring construction safety, thus providing a new technical solution for the construction of underground oil depots in mountainous areas. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application addresses the shortcomings of existing main tank excavation technologies for underground oil depots in mountainous areas by providing a through-core excavation method. This method achieves efficient connection between the main tank and the underground passageway, fully leveraging the large cross-section of the underground passageway for muck removal. Simultaneously, it optimizes the sequence of excavation and support procedures, thereby accelerating construction progress, reducing project costs, and ensuring construction safety. This provides a reference for subsequent similar underground oil depot projects in mountainous areas. The specific technical solution is as follows: Firstly, a method for through-core excavation of the main storage area of ​​an underground oil depot in a mountainous region is provided, comprising the following steps: excavating an upper passageway for the underground oil depot in the mountainous region, and installing upper passageway support within the upper passageway, wherein the upper passageway is designed with a small cross-section to meet ventilation requirements; excavating a lower passageway for the underground oil depot in the mountainous region, and installing lower passageway support within the lower passageway, wherein the lower passageway is designed with a large cross-section to meet ventilation requirements and to meet the needs of oil pipeline layout, oil storage, and oil discharge; using the upper passageway as the working passage, excavating the dome of the main storage area of ​​the oil depot, and using support anchor bolts to support the main storage area of ​​the oil depot. The process involves anchoring and reinforcing the surrounding rock of the dome. During the excavation of the main dome of the oil depot, the excavated soil is transported out of the pit through the upper passage of the underground oil depot in the mountainous area. A through-passage is excavated to connect the upper and lower passages of the underground oil depot in the mountainous area, and temporary support is provided for the inner wall of the through-passage. The through-passage is vertically positioned and located at the center of the main oil depot. The main oil depot is then excavated, and the excavated soil slides down through the through-passage into the lower passage of the underground oil depot in the mountainous area and is transported out of the pit through the lower passage. After the main oil depot is excavated to the designed outline dimensions, the inner wall of the main oil depot is integrally supported to form the main oil depot support.

[0006] In one embodiment, in the step of excavating the upper passage of the underground oil depot in the mountainous area, the excavation axis and cross-sectional dimensions of the upper passage of the underground oil depot in the mountainous area are determined, and the excavation is carried out by drilling and blasting or mechanical excavation.

[0007] In one embodiment, in the step of excavating the lower passage of the underground oil depot in the mountainous area, the excavation location and cross-sectional dimensions of the lower passage of the underground oil depot in the mountainous area are determined, and an excavation method adapted to the upper passage of the underground oil depot in the mountainous area is adopted for excavation.

[0008] In one embodiment, both the upper and lower passage supports adopt a combined support method of shotcrete, steel mesh, and steel arch frame. The thickness of the shotcrete, the size of the steel mesh, and the spacing of the steel arch frame are adjusted according to the weathering degree and integrity of the surrounding rock of the upper and lower passages.

[0009] In one embodiment, the excavation advance of the main dome of the oil depot is controlled at 0.5-1.0m / cycle, the support anchors are hollow grouting anchors, the anchor length is 3-5m, the spacing is 1.0-1.5m and arranged in a quincunx pattern, and the grouting pressure is controlled at 0.8-1.2MPa.

[0010] In one embodiment, when excavating the through-pass, the tunnel is excavated vertically downwards from the bottom of the main oil depot dome to the top of the underground oil depot passage in the mountainous area, forming the through-pass.

[0011] In one embodiment, the through-passage is excavated manually in combination with small machinery, and the temporary support is plain shotcrete support with a shotcrete layer thickness of 5-8cm.

[0012] In one embodiment, during the excavation of the main oil depot, the excavation proceeds gradually from the periphery of the main oil depot's surrounding rock towards the center, with temporary support provided during the excavation process. The excavated soil is slid through a central tunnel into the underground oil depot's lower passage in the mountainous area, where transport equipment is used to remove the soil from the pit.

[0013] In one embodiment, the slag in the upper passage of the underground oil depot in the mountainous area is transported out of the pit by handcart or small transport equipment, while the slag in the lower passage of the underground oil depot in the mountainous area is transported out of the pit by rail transport equipment or wheeled transport equipment.

[0014] In one embodiment, the main support of the oil depot adopts a support method of cast-in-place concrete and steel mesh, and the strength grade of the cast-in-place concrete is not lower than C30, the pouring thickness is 30-50cm, and the steel mesh uses Φ8-Φ12 steel bars with a mesh size of 20cm×20cm.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. Significantly Improved Construction Efficiency: This application establishes a direct connection between the main oil depot and the underground oil depot in the mountainous area by excavating a through-passage. It fully utilizes the high efficiency of the large cross-section of the lower passage for muck removal, replacing the inefficient upper passage muck removal method in the traditional process. The muck excavated from the main depot can slide directly into the lower passage through the through-passage and be quickly transported out of the pit, avoiding the accumulation of muck in the main depot and secondary transfer, effectively shortening the muck removal operation time, and significantly improving the overall construction progress. Compared with the traditional construction process, the construction efficiency is increased by more than 50%.

[0016] 2. Significantly reduced project costs: This application optimizes the excavation and muck removal process, reducing the manpower and equipment input required by the traditional process due to the single-channel muck removal. There is no need to set up an additional temporary muck removal channel. At the same time, the through-channel is excavated by manual labor in conjunction with small machinery, resulting in low construction costs. The efficient muck removal process shortens the construction period and further reduces the management and equipment rental costs related to the construction period. The overall project cost can be reduced by about 30%.

[0017] 3. Construction safety is fully guaranteed: All procedures in this application follow the principle of "excavation and support proceeding simultaneously". Support measures were taken in a timely manner during the excavation of the upper passage of the underground oil depot in the mountainous area, the lower passage of the underground oil depot in the mountainous area, the dome of the main oil depot, the through passage, and the main oil depot, which effectively controlled the disturbance of the surrounding rock and avoided safety accidents such as rock collapse and rockfall. At the same time, the design of the through passage reduced the back-and-forth work of construction personnel in the main depot, reduced the risk of personnel operation, and ensured the safety of the entire construction process.

[0018] 4. Strong process adaptability and high practicality: This application is designed for the structural characteristics of underground oil depots in mountainous areas. It fully combines the functional differences between the small cross-section of the upper passage and the large cross-section of the lower passage of underground oil depots in mountainous areas. The process is simple and easy to understand, and the construction operation is convenient. It does not require complicated large-scale construction equipment and is suitable for underground oil depot projects in mountainous areas with different geological conditions. It is especially suitable for projects with tight construction schedules and high excavation safety risks. It can be widely promoted and applied in similar underground projects in mountainous areas in the future. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a method for excavating the main storage compartment of an underground oil depot in a mountainous area, according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 2A This is a schematic diagram of the excavation and support of the upper passage of an underground oil depot in a mountainous area according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2B This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the excavation and support of the underground oil depot passage in a mountainous area according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3A This is a schematic diagram of the excavation and support of the underground passage of an underground oil depot in a mountainous area according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3B This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the excavation and support of the underground passage of an underground oil depot in a mountainous area according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the excavation and support of the main dome of an oil depot according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the excavation of a through-hole according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the main tank excavation and efficient slag removal of an oil depot according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the completion of the main tank excavation of an oil depot according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2A andFigure 2B , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a method for excavating the main storage compartment of an underground oil depot in a mountainous area, according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 2A This is a schematic diagram of the excavation and support of the passageway above the underground oil depot in the mountainous area. Figure 2B This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram; as shown in the figure, the through-core excavation method for the main storage of an underground oil depot in mountainous areas according to this embodiment is suitable for the excavation and construction of the main storage of an underground oil depot under complex geological conditions in mountainous areas, especially suitable for the construction of underground oil depot projects in mountainous areas with tight construction schedules and high excavation safety risks. In this embodiment, the through-core excavation method for the main storage of an underground oil depot in mountainous areas includes the following steps S1 to S6. In step S1, the excavation and support of the upper passage 1 of the underground oil depot in mountainous areas: the upper passage 1 of the underground oil depot in mountainous areas is excavated, and the upper passage support 11 is set in the upper passage 1 of the underground oil depot in mountainous areas. The upper passage 1 of the underground oil depot in mountainous areas is designed with a small cross-section to meet the ventilation function. Specifically, the excavation axis and cross-sectional dimensions of the upper passage 1 of the underground oil depot in mountainous areas are determined, and the excavation is carried out by drilling and blasting or mechanical excavation. After excavation, the upper passage support 11 is formed in a timely manner. The upper passage is designed with a small cross-section to meet the ventilation function. The upper passage support 11 adopts a combined support method of shotcrete, steel mesh and steel arch frame. The thickness of shotcrete, the size of steel mesh and the spacing of steel arch frame are adjusted according to the weathering degree and integrity of the surrounding rock of the upper passage support 11 and the lower passage.

[0022] Please refer to the following: Figure 3A and Figure 3B , Figure 3A This is a schematic diagram of the excavation and support of the underground passage for an underground oil depot in a mountainous area, according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 3B This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram; as shown in the figure, in step S2, the excavation and support of the lower passage 2 of the underground oil depot in the mountainous area are carried out: the lower passage 2 of the underground oil depot in the mountainous area is excavated, and the lower passage support 21 is set up within the lower passage 2. The lower passage 2 of the underground oil depot in the mountainous area is designed with a large cross-section to meet the functions of ventilation, oil pipeline layout, oil storage, and oil discharge. Specifically, the excavation location and cross-sectional dimensions of the lower passage 2 of the underground oil depot in the mountainous area are determined, and the excavation method is adopted to match the upper passage 1 of the underground oil depot in the mountainous area. After excavation, the lower passage support 21 is formed in a timely manner. The lower passage is designed with a large cross-section to meet the functions of oil pipeline layout, oil storage, and oil discharge. The lower passage support 21 adopts a combined support method of shotcrete, steel mesh, and steel arch frame. The thickness of the shotcrete, the size of the steel mesh, and the spacing of the steel arch frame are adjusted according to the weathering degree and integrity of the surrounding rock of the upper passage support 11 and the lower passage.

[0023] Please refer to the following: Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the excavation and support of the main dome of an oil depot according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in the figure, in step S3, the main dome 3 of the oil depot is excavated and supported by the underground oil depot access road 1 in the mountainous area. The main dome 3 of the oil depot is excavated, and the surrounding rock of the main dome 3 is anchored and reinforced using support anchor bolts 31. The excavated soil is transported out of the pit through the underground oil depot access road 1 in the mountainous area. Specifically, the main dome 3 of the oil depot is entered from the completed underground oil depot access road 1 in the mountainous area. The excavation is carried out manually, with the advance controlled at 0.5-1.0m / cycle. The excavated soil is transported out of the pit by wheelbarrow or small transport equipment. Simultaneously, during the excavation process, Φ25 hollow grouting anchors were installed, with an anchor length of 3-5m, a spacing of 1.0-1.5m, and a quincunx arrangement. The grouting pressure was controlled at 0.8-1.2MPa. After the dome anchoring reinforcement was completed, 8cm thick C20 shotcrete was used to pour the dome support structure. The excavated soil was transported out of the pit by handcart through the upper passage.

[0024] Please refer to the following: Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the excavation of a through-passage according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in the figure, in step S4, the through-passage 4 is excavated: the through-passage 4 connects the upper passage 1 of the underground oil depot in the mountainous area with the lower passage 2 of the underground oil depot in the mountainous area, and temporary support is provided for the inner wall of the through-passage 4. The through-passage 4 is vertically arranged and located at the center of the main storage tank 5 of the oil depot. Specifically, at the center of the main storage tank 5, the through-passage 4 is excavated vertically from the bottom of the dome 3 of the main storage tank to the top of the lower passage 2 of the underground oil depot in the mountainous area, forming the through-passage 4. The cross-sectional dimensions of the through-passage 4 are 3m × 3m (width × height). The excavation is carried out manually in conjunction with a small excavator to avoid disturbing the surrounding rock. During the excavation process, a 6cm thick layer of C20 shotcrete is used to temporarily support the inner wall of the through-passage 4, with a shotcrete layer thickness of 5-8cm, to ensure the stability of the inner wall of the passage.

[0025] Please refer to the following: Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the excavation and efficient muck removal of the main oil depot according to an embodiment of this application. The muck removal route is shown by the arrow in the figure. As shown in the figure, in step S5, the main oil depot 5 is excavated and efficiently muck is removed: the main oil depot 5 is excavated, and the excavated muck slides down through the through-hole 4 into the underground oil depot lower channel 2 in the mountainous area, and is transported out of the pit through the underground oil depot lower channel 2. Specifically, the main depot is designed with a diameter of 20m and a height of 15m. It adopts a layered and block excavation method, with each layer excavated at a height of 2.5m. It is divided into 4 blocks and excavated gradually from the periphery of the surrounding rock of the main oil depot 5 towards the center. The excavation surface is temporarily supported by 5cm thick C20 shotcrete + wooden supports. The excavated muck naturally slides into the underground oil depot lower channel 2 in the mountainous area through the through-hole 4. The muck is transported out of the pit using rail transport equipment or wheeled transport equipment, such as rail mining cars, in the underground oil depot lower channel 2 in the mountainous area. Each car transports 8m³ of muck. 3The slag removal efficiency can reach 100m³. 3 / sky.

[0026] As described above, this embodiment establishes a direct connection between the upper passage 1 and the lower passage 2 of the underground oil depot in the mountainous area by excavating a through-passage 4. It fully utilizes the high efficiency of the large cross-section of the lower passage 2 for muck removal, replacing the inefficient upper passage muck removal method in the traditional process. The muck excavated from the main storage tank 5 can be directly slid into the lower passage 2 through the through-passage 4 and quickly transported out of the pit, avoiding the accumulation of muck in the main storage tank and secondary transfer, effectively shortening the muck removal operation time, and significantly improving the overall construction progress. Compared with the traditional construction process, the construction efficiency is increased by more than 50%.

[0027] Meanwhile, this implementation method optimizes the excavation and muck removal processes. Specifically, the muck and soil excavated during the excavation of the main dome 3 of the oil depot are transported out of the pit through the upper passage 1 of the underground oil depot in the mountainous area, and the muck and soil excavated during the excavation of the main oil depot 5 are transported out of the pit through the lower passage 2 of the underground oil depot in the mountainous area. This reduces the manpower and equipment input caused by the single muck removal passage in the traditional process, and eliminates the need to set up an additional temporary muck removal passage. At the same time, the through passage 4 is excavated by manual labor in conjunction with small machinery, resulting in low construction costs. The efficient muck removal process shortens the construction period and further reduces the management and equipment rental costs related to the construction period. The overall project cost can be reduced by about 30%.

[0028] Please refer to the following: Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the completed excavation of the main oil depot according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in the figure, in step S6, the main oil depot 5 is formed and supported as a whole: after the main oil depot 5 is excavated to the designed outline size, the inner wall of the main oil depot 5 is supported as a whole to form the main oil depot support 51. Specifically, after the main oil depot 5 is excavated to the designed outline size, the inner wall of the main depot is cleaned, and Φ8-Φ12 steel mesh (mesh 20cm×20cm) is tied. C30 cast-in-place concrete is poured using a formwork trolley, with a pouring thickness of 30-50cm. The concrete is poured by pumping, poured in sections, and continuously vibrated. After completion, curing is carried out for no less than 28 days to form the main oil depot support 51 structure, completing the core excavation construction of the entire main depot.

[0029] As described above, the excavation method for the main storage chamber 5 of the underground oil depot in this embodiment follows the principle of "simultaneous excavation and support" in all its processes and steps. Support measures were promptly implemented during the excavation of the upper passage 1, lower passage 2, main storage chamber dome 3, through passage 4, and main storage chamber 5, effectively controlling surrounding rock disturbance and preventing safety accidents such as rock collapse and rockfall. Simultaneously, the design of through passage 4 reduced the need for workers to travel back and forth within the main storage chamber, lowering the risk to personnel and ensuring safety throughout the construction process. This embodiment is designed specifically for the structural characteristics of underground oil depots in mountainous areas, fully considering the functional differences between the small cross-section of the upper passage 1 and the large cross-section of the lower passage 2. The process is simple and easy to understand, and the construction operation is convenient, requiring no complex large-scale construction equipment. It is suitable for underground oil depot projects in mountainous areas with different geological conditions, especially for projects with tight construction schedules and high excavation safety risks, and can be widely promoted and applied in similar underground projects in mountainous areas in the future.

[0030] Specifically, the construction period for traditional underground oil depots in mountainous areas is estimated to be 180 days. However, the total construction period for the main storage 5-through excavation method of the underground oil depot in mountainous areas described in this embodiment is usually around 90 days, which is 50% shorter than the traditional construction period. No safety accidents occurred during the construction process, and the surrounding rock stability was good. The overall construction cost was reduced by 35% compared to the traditional method, which fully verifies the practicality and superiority of this embodiment.

[0031] In summary, this application provides a method for excavating the main storage area of ​​an underground oil depot in mountainous regions. By excavating a through-passage, a direct connection is established between the main storage area and the lower underground passage of the oil depot. This fully utilizes the high-efficiency muck removal advantage of the lower passage's large cross-section, replacing the inefficient upper passage muck removal method of traditional processes. The excavated muck from the main storage area can slide directly into the lower passage through the through-passage and be quickly transported out of the pit, avoiding muck accumulation and secondary transfer within the main storage area. This effectively shortens the muck removal operation time and significantly improves the overall construction progress. Compared to traditional construction methods, construction efficiency is increased by more than 50%. This application optimizes the excavation and muck removal procedures, reducing the manpower and equipment investment required by traditional methods due to single-pass muck removal. It eliminates the need for additional temporary muck removal passages. Furthermore, the through-passage is excavated manually in conjunction with small machinery, resulting in low construction costs. The efficient muck removal process shortens the construction period, further reducing management and equipment rental costs related to the construction period. Overall project costs can be reduced by approximately 30%.

[0032] Meanwhile, all procedures in this application adhere to the principle of "simultaneous excavation and support." Support measures were promptly implemented during the excavation of the upper and lower passages of the underground oil depot in mountainous areas, the main dome of the oil depot, the through-passage, and the main oil depot itself. This effectively controlled disturbance to the surrounding rock and prevented safety accidents such as rock collapse and rockfall. Furthermore, the design of the through-passage reduced the need for workers to travel back and forth within the main depot, lowering the risk to personnel and ensuring safety throughout the entire construction process. This application is designed specifically for the structural characteristics of underground oil depots in mountainous areas, fully considering the functional differences between the small cross-section of the upper passage and the large cross-section of the lower passage. The process is simple and easy to understand, and construction is convenient, requiring no complex large-scale construction equipment. It is suitable for underground oil depot projects in mountainous areas with different geological conditions, especially for projects with tight construction schedules and high excavation safety risks. It can be widely promoted and applied in similar underground projects in mountainous areas in the future.

[0033] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0034] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for through-core excavation of the main storage area of ​​an underground oil depot in mountainous areas, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Excavate an upper passage for an underground oil depot in a mountainous area, and install upper passage support within the upper passage, wherein the upper passage for the underground oil depot in the mountainous area is a small cross-section design to meet ventilation functions; Excavate a lower passage for an underground oil depot in a mountainous area, and install a lower passage support within the lower passage. The lower passage for the underground oil depot in the mountainous area is designed with a large cross-section to meet the functions of ventilation, oil pipeline layout, oil storage, and oil discharge. Using the underground oil depot passageway in the mountainous area as the working channel, the main dome of the oil depot is excavated, and the surrounding rock of the main dome of the oil depot is anchored and reinforced using support anchor bolts. The excavated soil during the excavation of the main dome of the oil depot is transported out of the pit through the underground oil depot passageway in the mountainous area. A through-passage is excavated to connect the upper passage of the underground oil depot in the mountainous area with the lower passage of the underground oil depot in the mountainous area, and temporary support is provided for the inner wall of the through-passage. The through-passage is vertically arranged and located at the center of the main oil depot. The main storage tank of the oil depot is excavated, and the excavated soil slides down through the through-hole into the lower channel of the underground oil depot in the mountainous area, and is then transported out of the pit through the lower channel of the underground oil depot in the mountainous area. After the main oil depot is excavated to the designed outline dimensions, the inner wall of the main oil depot is constructed as a whole to form the main oil depot support.

2. The method for through-core excavation of the main storage area of ​​an underground oil depot in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step of excavating the passage above the underground oil depot in the mountainous area, the excavation axis and cross-sectional dimensions of the passage above the underground oil depot in the mountainous area are determined, and the excavation is carried out by drilling and blasting or mechanical excavation.

3. The method for through-core excavation of the main storage area of ​​an underground oil depot in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step of excavating the lower passage of the underground oil depot in the mountainous area, the excavation location and cross-sectional dimensions of the lower passage of the underground oil depot in the mountainous area are determined, and an excavation method adapted to the upper passage of the underground oil depot in the mountainous area is adopted for excavation.

4. The method for through-core excavation of the main storage area of ​​an underground oil depot in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the upper and lower passage supports employ a combined support method of shotcrete, steel mesh, and steel arch frames. The thickness of the shotcrete, the size of the steel mesh, and the spacing of the steel arch frames are adjusted according to the degree of weathering and integrity of the surrounding rock in the upper and lower passage supports.

5. The method for through-core excavation of the main storage area of ​​an underground oil depot in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The excavation advance of the main dome of the oil depot is controlled at 0.5-1.0m / cycle. The support anchors are hollow grouting anchors with a length of 3-5m, a spacing of 1.0-1.5m and a quincunx arrangement, and the grouting pressure is controlled at 0.8-1.2MPa.

6. The method for through-core excavation of the main storage area of ​​an underground oil depot in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, When excavating the through-passage, the through-passage is formed by excavating vertically downwards from the bottom of the dome of the main oil depot to the top of the underground oil depot passage in the mountainous area, at the center of the main oil depot.

7. The method for through-core excavation of the main storage area of ​​an underground oil depot in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tunnel was excavated using a combination of manual labor and small machinery. The temporary support consisted of plain shotcrete with a thickness of 5-8 cm.

8. The method for through-core excavation of the main storage area of ​​an underground oil depot in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step of excavating the main oil depot, the excavation is carried out gradually from the periphery of the surrounding rock of the main oil depot towards the center, and temporary support is provided during the excavation process. The excavated soil is slid through the through-hole to the underground oil depot in the mountainous area, and the soil is transported out of the pit using the transportation equipment in the underground oil depot in the mountainous area.

9. The method for through-core excavation of the main storage area of ​​an underground oil depot in a mountainous region according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slag and soil in the upper passage of the underground oil depot in the mountainous area are transported out of the pit by handcarts or small transport equipment, while the slag and soil in the lower passage of the underground oil depot in the mountainous area are transported out of the pit by rail transport equipment or wheeled transport equipment.

10. The method for through-core excavation of the main storage area of ​​an underground oil depot in a mountainous region according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main support of the oil depot adopts a cast-in-place concrete and steel mesh support method. The strength grade of the cast-in-place concrete is not lower than C30, the pouring thickness is 30-50cm, and the steel mesh uses Φ8-Φ12 steel bars with a mesh size of 20cm×20cm.

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