A multi-layer insulation device and a method of installing the same

Abstract

The application provides a multi-layer heat insulation device and a mounting method thereof, and the multi-layer heat insulation device comprises a multi-layer heat insulation layer, a multi-layer support fixing net and a plurality of connecting assemblies; the support fixing net is arranged in a gap fit mode with the multi-layer heat insulation layer and is alternately stacked, and every two adjacent support fixing nets and the heat insulation layer clamped therebetween are locked and fixed through the plurality of connecting assemblies. The application can improve the convenience, reliability and reduce the technical difficulty of mounting and fixing of the high-vacuum multi-layer heat insulation material by arranging the support fixing net in a gap fit mode between every two adjacent heat insulation layers and fixing every two adjacent support fixing nets and the heat insulation layer clamped therebetween through the plurality of connecting assemblies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of multi-layer insulation devices, and in particular to a multi-layer insulation device and its installation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of modern cryogenic technology, its application scenarios have fully covered the ultra-low temperature ranges of liquid hydrogen and liquid helium. The requirements for the airtightness and stability of the insulation environment in cryogenic systems are becoming increasingly stringent. High vacuum multilayer insulation (HVMLI) technology, with its excellent insulation performance, good economy, and wide applicability, has become the mainstream insulation technology with the highest popularity and best overall benefits in the cryogenic field. The installation and fixing process and method of HVMLI insulation materials directly determine the forming quality of the multilayer insulation structure and are the core key affecting the overall insulation effect.

[0003] The installation and fixing method of HVMLI material is directly related to its low-temperature insulation performance. Currently, the four mainstream installation and fixing processes in the industry all have significant technical defects, making it difficult to balance installation convenience, structural reliability, and insulation stability.

[0004] The advantages and disadvantages of existing mainstream HVMLI material mounting and fixing technologies are summarized as follows: I. Binding and Fixing Process This process uses flexible materials such as glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) ribbon to circumferentially bind and fix the HVMLI insulation layer. Its core drawbacks lie in poor construction controllability, extremely high dependence on operator experience, and low work efficiency. The number of material layers that can be bound at one time is limited, and the tightness of the binding is difficult to control precisely: binding too loosely can cause the entire insulation layer to loosen and misalign, compromising the integrity of the insulation structure; binding too tightly will compress and damage the multi-layer insulation structure, significantly weakening the insulation performance. Furthermore, this process has limited adaptability and cannot be applied to large-scale construction of large-surface cavity walls.

[0005] II. Sewing and Joining Process This process achieves fixation and shaping by sewing the edges of the insulation material. The overall construction process is cumbersome, requiring pre-fabrication of materials and involving high complexity. Furthermore, the sewn edge area contains numerous perforations, creating numerous heat leakage channels and causing severe localized heat loss, significantly reducing the overall insulation performance of the low-temperature insulation system. In addition, this process demands a high level of skill from construction personnel, resulting in high labor costs and low construction efficiency.

[0006] III. Adhesion and Fixing Process This process uses a low-temperature resistant special adhesive to bond and fix the HVMLI material. On the one hand, the process has extremely high requirements for the performance indicators of the low-temperature adhesive, such as low-temperature resistance, bonding strength, and compatibility, making material selection difficult and costly. On the other hand, multi-layer insulation structures cannot achieve layer-by-layer bonding, which easily leads to problems such as interlayer loosening, displacement, and delamination, resulting in poor structural stability. At the same time, this process is not suitable for construction on large surface area cavity walls, has a high manual operation threshold, low work efficiency, and severely limits its large-scale application.

[0007] IV. Mechanical nailing process This process involves welding L-shaped or Ω-shaped hooks to the substrate wall, which penetrate the HVMLI material and then hook and lock or bend to secure it. This process has two major drawbacks: first, the hooks directly penetrate the insulation material, easily causing tearing and damage; second, the metal hooks form high-strength thermal bridges, leading to serious heat leakage and significantly reducing insulation effectiveness; and third, the process has poor adaptability, making it unsuitable for irregularly shaped components such as pipes. Furthermore, this process cannot precisely control the interlayer tightness of the insulation material, resulting in poor consistency in molding quality and difficulty in ensuring product stability.

[0008] In summary, existing HVMLI material installation and fixing technologies generally suffer from numerous problems such as high construction difficulty, low efficiency, poor structural stability, serious heat leakage, and limited adaptability, making it difficult to meet the requirements of high precision, high stability, and large-scale low-temperature insulation applications.

[0009] In view of this, the present invention is hereby proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome at least some of the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a multi-layer heat insulation device. By arranging a support and fixing net between each two adjacent heat insulation layers with a gap fit, and fixing each two adjacent support and fixing nets and the heat insulation layer sandwiched between them by a number of connecting components, the convenience and reliability of the installation and fixing of high vacuum multi-layer heat insulation materials can be improved and the technical difficulty reduced.

[0011] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the basic concept of the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A multi-layer insulation device includes multiple insulation layers, multiple support and fixing nets, and several connecting components; The supporting and fixing mesh and the multi-layer insulation layer are spaced and stacked alternately, and each pair of adjacent supporting and fixing meshes and the insulation layer sandwiched between them are locked and fixed by a number of the connecting components.

[0012] In some embodiments, each of the insulation layers is provided with a number of preset mounting holes, and each of the support and fixing mesh layers is provided with a number of preset connection holes. The connecting component includes a first fastener and a second fastener. The first fastener passes through and is fixed in the connecting hole of the lower support and fixing mesh. The mounting hole of the insulation layer is sleeved on the outside of the first fastener. The second fastener is fastened to the first fastener to clamp and fix the insulation layer. The upper support and fixing mesh is fixedly connected to the second fastener to realize the stacking and fixing of the multi-layer structure.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first fastener includes a first limiting stop and a first fixing pin and a first hot-press plug respectively disposed on both sides of the first limiting stop; the second fastener includes a second limiting stop and a second mounting slot and a second hot-press plug respectively disposed on both sides of the second limiting stop. After the first hot-press plug is inserted into the connection hole of the lower support and fixing mesh, the first hot-press plug is hot-pressed and formed so that the first hot-press plug and the first limiting stop cooperate to clamp and fix the lower support and fixing mesh. The second mounting slot engages with the first fixing pin via a tenon and mortise, and the insulation layer is clamped and fixed by the cooperation of the first limiting stop and the second limiting stop; The connecting holes of the upper support fixing net are sleeved on the outside of the second hot-press plug. The second hot-press plug is hot-pressed and formed so that the second hot-press plug and the second limit stop cooperate to clamp and fix the upper support fixing net.

[0014] In some embodiments, some of the original vent holes in the insulation layer are reused as mounting holes; The supporting and fixing net includes multiple cross-laid connecting strips, which cross and enclose to form a grid structure. The size of the grid structure matches the size of the air extraction hole of the insulation layer, and the connecting holes are opened at the intersection of adjacent connecting strips.

[0015] In some embodiments, both the first and second fasteners are made of PTFE, glass fiber, or corresponding modified low thermal conductivity materials.

[0016] In some embodiments, the multilayer insulation device also includes a positioning component; The positioning component is used to position, install, and securely fix the first insulation layer and the first support and fixing mesh on the flat wall surface.

[0017] In some embodiments, the positioning component includes a fixed base and a third fastener; the fixed base includes a base plate and a third mounting slot disposed on one side of the base plate; the third fastener includes a third limiting stop and a third fixing pin and a third thermoplastic plug disposed on both sides of the third limiting stop. The base plate is riveted and welded to the flat wall surface. The mounting holes of the first insulation layer are sleeved on the outside of the third mounting slot. The third fixing pin is fastened to the third mounting slot to clamp and fix the first insulation layer. The connecting holes of the first layer of support and fixing mesh are sleeved on the outside of the third hot-press plug, and the third hot-press plug is hot-pressed and formed so that the third hot-press plug and the third limiting stop cooperate to clamp and fix the first layer of support and fixing mesh.

[0018] In some embodiments, the insulation layer is composed of multiple insulation blocks spliced ​​together, and the supporting and fixing mesh is installed across the splicing joints of adjacent blocks to ensure that the joints of each insulation layer overlap neatly and are evenly arranged.

[0019] The present invention also provides an installation method for installing a multi-layer thermal insulation device on a flat wall surface, comprising: Lay the first layer of insulation and the first layer of support netting on the flat wall surface in sequence; With the first layer of support and fixing mesh as the base layer, the insulation layer and support and fixing mesh are stacked alternately with gaps. During the stacking process, several connecting components are used to lock and fix each two adjacent layers of support and fixing mesh and the insulation layer sandwiched between them, thus completing the assembly of the multi-layer insulation device.

[0020] The present invention also provides an installation method for installing a multi-layer thermal insulation device on an irregularly shaped wall surface, comprising: First, lay and fix the first layer of support netting on the irregular wall surface to construct the foundation support layer. With the first layer of support and fixing mesh as the base layer, the insulation layer and support and fixing mesh are stacked alternately with gaps. During the stacking process, several connecting components are used to lock and fix each two adjacent layers of support and fixing mesh and the insulation layer sandwiched between them, thus completing the assembly of the multi-layer insulation device.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art.

[0022] (1) The multi-layer insulation device provided by the present invention provides a support and fixing net that is intermittently arranged between each two adjacent insulation layers, and the two adjacent support and fixing nets and the insulation layers sandwiched therebetween are locked and fixed by a number of connecting components. This structural design can effectively optimize the layered fixing form of HVMLI material, greatly improve the convenience of material installation and fixing and the structural reliability, and significantly reduce the construction technical threshold of low temperature insulation structure.

[0023] (2) The multi-layer insulation device provided by this invention uses male and female snap-fit ​​components as quick-installation connection components for the insulation layers, which has the advantages of convenient assembly and simple operation. It does not rely on the high skills of operators, and personnel training can be completed quickly to achieve skilled operation. It can ensure the standardization and uniformity of the installation process and the overall quality controllability. At the same time, the snap-fit ​​components are inexpensive and can be adapted to the bulk purchase and large-scale production of multi-size and specification parts. In addition, the snap-fit ​​structure supports the low-cost reuse and convenient replacement of insulation materials, which is extremely practical. At the same time, the snap-fit ​​components can accurately limit the interlayer assembly spacing of HVMLI materials, completely solving the problem of insulation efficiency loss caused by excessively tight material bonding and uncontrollable tightness in traditional processes. For the use of flexible adjustment of the number of HVMLI material layers, snap-fit ​​components with different limiting spacing can be matched. Only a small amount of work is required to complete the increase or decrease of the number of insulation layers and the fine adjustment of the spacing. At the same time, it can effectively avoid the problem of excessive compression in the overlapping and thickened area of ​​the joint, ensuring the forming quality of the insulation structure.

[0024] (3) The multi-layer insulation device provided by the present invention completely solves the problems of difficult layer fixing and misalignment between layers of traditional multi-layer insulation materials by adding a support and fixing net, which can ensure that the joints of each insulation layer overlap neatly and are evenly arranged. The support and fixing net is set with standardized grid holes, and the grid nodes are reserved with prefabricated connection holes. Based on the predetermined grid parameters, the size of the air extraction hole of the HVMLI material can be accurately matched, and the original air extraction hole of the material can be directly used as the fixing hole, abandoning the traditional fixing method of random hole drilling with hooks and nails, and avoiding the heat leakage defects caused by drilling from the root. At the same time, the support and fixing net can be used with male and female buckles to pre-build a fixing base layer on the surface of irregular components such as pipes, and then rely on the base layer to complete the laying and fixing of HVMLI material, breaking through the limitations of traditional installation process on the use of irregular components, and greatly expanding the application scenarios of the device. During construction, the location and number of prefabricated connection holes for supporting and fixing nets can be flexibly selected according to actual needs. Unused prefabricated connection holes can be directly used as supporting structures to support HVMLI materials, so that the multi-layer insulation materials always maintain the preset interlayer gap, avoid material deformation caused by external pressure, and retain the insulation performance of the original design to the maximum extent.

[0025] (4) The multi-layer insulation device provided by the present invention uses low thermal conductivity materials such as PTFE, glass fiber and related modified materials for both the male and female fasteners and the supporting fixing net, which can significantly reduce the thermal bridge effect of the fixing connection and reduce heat conduction loss. At the same time, the various cooperating components form multi-layer non-connected fixing nodes, and the heat conduction path is extended by relying on the supporting fixing net, which further weakens the heat leakage rate of the overall device and significantly improves the low temperature insulation effect.

[0026] (5) The multi-layer insulation device provided by the present invention adopts a hot-pressed variable-form fastener, which makes the construction process simple and convenient, the molding speed fast, and eliminates the need for additional cumbersome fixing accessories. The overall preparation and construction costs are low, making it suitable for large-scale industrial applications. The fastener has flexible installation position, which can adapt to the assembly needs of different stress areas, and its own limiting distance can be flexibly adjusted, making it more adaptable and versatile.

[0027] (6) The multi-layer insulation device provided by the present invention adopts a metal riveting and welding base structure, which has significant advantages over the traditional hook and nail welding process. Its welding contact surface is small, the operation is convenient and efficient, the professional welding skills of the operators are low, and the rapid and accurate positioning welding can be achieved by relying on the riveting and welding equipment. It has strong construction flexibility, high operation efficiency, and few construction restrictions, and can effectively adapt to the installation and construction needs of various working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The accompanying drawings, as part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the invention are used to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a multilayer heat insulation device provided according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support fixing net provided according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The main view of the structure; Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Left view of the middle structure; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a connection component provided according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 The main view of the structure; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first fastener provided according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 yes Figure 7 The main view of the structure; Figure 9 yes Figure 7 Top view of the structure; Figure 10 yes Figure 7 A bottom view of the middle structure; Figure 11This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second fastener provided according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 yes Figure 11 The main view of the structure; Figure 13 yes Figure 11 Top view of the structure; Figure 14 yes Figure 11 A bottom view of the middle structure; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a positioning component provided according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Figure 16 yes Figure 15 The main view of the structure; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed base provided according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Figure 18 yes Figure 17 The main view of the structure; Figure 19 yes Figure 17 Top view of the structure; Figure 20 yes Figure 17 A bottom view of the middle structure; Figure 21 This is a structural schematic diagram of the third fastener provided according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first hot-press plug of the first buckle provided according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention after hot pressing. Figure 23 yes Figure 22 The main view of the structure; Figure 24 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of section I in the image.

[0029] In the picture: 100. Multi-layer insulation device; 10. First insulation layer; 20. First layer of support and fixing netting; 30. Second insulation layer; 40. Second layer of support and fixing netting; 50. Connecting component; 51. First snap fastener; 511. First limit stop; 512. First fixing pin; 513. First heat-press plug; 52. Second snap fastener; 521. Second limit stop; 522. Second mounting slot; 523. Second heat-press plug; 60. Positioning component; 61. Fixed base; 611. Metal base plate; 612. Third mounting slot; 62. Third fastener; 621. Third limit stop; 622. Third fixing pin; 623. Third heat-press plug; 70. Air extraction port; 80. Connecting hole; 81. Connecting strip; 82. Mesh; 90. Seam.

[0030] It should be noted that these accompanying drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of the invention to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0032] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0033] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0034] Existing multi-layer insulation devices suffer from numerous problems, including high construction difficulty, low efficiency, poor structural stability, severe heat leakage, and limited adaptability, making it difficult to meet the demands of high-precision, high-stability, and large-scale low-temperature insulation applications. Therefore, this invention provides a multi-layer insulation device comprising multiple insulation layers, multiple supporting and fixing nets, and several connecting components. The supporting and fixing nets are spaced and alternately stacked with the multiple insulation layers, and each pair of adjacent supporting and fixing nets, along with the insulation layer sandwiched between them, is locked and fixed by the connecting components. This solution, by spaced and fixing the supporting and fixing nets between each pair of adjacent insulation layers and fixing them with the connecting components, improves the convenience and reliability of installing and fixing high-vacuum multi-layer insulation materials, while reducing technical difficulty.

[0035] The following is a reference to the appendix. Figures 1 to 24 The preferred technical solution of the multi-layer heat insulation device 100 and its installation method provided by the present invention will be described in detail.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention discloses a multi-layer insulation device 100, suitable for cryogenic conditions such as liquid hydrogen and liquid helium, and can be widely used for insulation protection of various cryogenic equipment such as cryogenic storage tanks, cryogenic pipelines, cryogenic cavities, and irregularly shaped cryogenic components. This invention also provides two compatible installation methods: one for flat, large-area walls and the other for irregularly shaped structures / pipe walls. From the dimensions of structural design, material selection, assembly process, and adaptability to operating conditions, it completely solves the industry pain points of traditional multi-layer insulation material installation processes, such as severe heat leakage, uncontrollable molding quality, high construction threshold, poor adaptability, and inability to achieve large-scale production.

[0037] The core innovation of this invention lies in abandoning the outdated processes of traditional binding, sewing, bonding, and metal nailing. Instead, it adopts an integrated layered fixing structure consisting of "support and fixing net + low thermal conductivity buckle assembly + hot pressing and fixing + reusable material venting holes". This achieves standardized, damage-free, low heat leakage, and adaptable assembly molding of multiple insulation layers, suitable for all working conditions. The overall structure has clear layers, controllable spacing, strong stability, and excellent insulation performance.

[0038] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail and in complete detail below, taking into account the specific structure, assembly process, and working condition adaptation.

[0039] The main structure of the multi-layer insulation device 100 of the present invention consists of multiple insulation layers, multiple support and fixing nets, and several sets of connecting components 50. These three are the core assembly components, which are combined and formed by a gap fit and alternating stacking structure. This is different from the traditional overall wrapping and single-layer fixing installation mode, and realizes a modular structure with independent fixing of each layer and controllable spacing between each layer.

[0040] It should be noted that each insulation layer is composed of alternating layers of a high-reflectivity reflective screen (such as a double-sided aluminum / silver / gold plated polyimide film or aluminum foil) and a low-thermal-conductivity spacer layer (such as fiber paper, nylon yarn, or polyester yarn). The specific number of layers should be determined according to the design requirements, and this invention does not impose any restrictions here.

[0041] In the overall stacked structure, the supporting and fixing mesh and multiple layers of insulation are arranged in a strict alternation. That is, a supporting and fixing mesh is placed between every two adjacent insulation layers, and a corresponding insulation layer is sandwiched between every two adjacent supporting and fixing mesh layers, forming a cyclic stacked structure of "supporting and fixing mesh - insulation layer - supporting and fixing mesh - insulation layer". This alternating gap fit structure is the core skeleton of the entire insulation device. All stacked layers are not assembled by interference fit, and the preset insulation gap is maintained throughout the process. This eliminates the problems of insulation material pore collapse, insulation medium failure, and lack of vacuum gap between layers caused by excessive compression in traditional processes from the structural source.

[0042] Meanwhile, each pair of adjacent supporting and fixing mesh layers, as well as the insulation layer sandwiched between them, are locked and fixed by several sets of independent connecting components 50. All connecting components 50 are evenly distributed to ensure uniform stress on each layer and symmetrical fixing points, avoiding local loosening, local compression, or layer displacement. Compared with traditional integral binding, edge sewing, and partial adhesive fixing methods, this structure achieves precise point-to-point layered fixing. Each insulation layer is completely limited and evenly clamped by the upper and lower supporting and fixing mesh layers, with no suspended areas, no loose areas, and no displacement space. The overall structure has extremely high flatness after forming, and the interlayer gaps are uniform, perfectly conforming to the design principle of high vacuum insulation of multi-layer insulation materials, ensuring insulation stability in a vacuum environment.

[0043] In actual assembly, the overall number of stacked layers can be flexibly adjusted according to the temperature range requirements of the cryogenic equipment. For extremely low-temperature liquid helium applications, the number of stacked layers can be increased; for conventional cryogenic liquid hydrogen applications, a standard number of layers can be used. Adding or removing layers does not require changes to the overall assembly process; only matching the corresponding limit-specification snap-fit ​​components is needed for rapid adaptation, resulting in extremely high structural versatility. The main structure has no cumbersome accessories; all fixing structures are integrated into the layers themselves and the snap-fit ​​components. The structure is simple, easy to assemble and disassemble, and allows for individual replacement and reuse of the insulation layer, significantly reducing the later maintenance costs of cryogenic equipment.

[0044] To achieve the core effects of precise assembly, non-destructive fixing, and low heat leakage, this invention has standardized and matched the hole structure of the insulation layer and the supporting fixing mesh, completely eliminating the heat leakage defects of traditional manual random drilling and metal nail piercing.

[0045] The specific implementation structure is as follows: each insulation layer is evenly provided with a number of preset installation holes, and each support and fixing mesh is provided with a number of preset connection holes 80. The installation holes and connection holes 80 are in one-to-one correspondence and their diameters are matched to form a precise assembly positioning benchmark, ensuring that each layer is assembled without offset or misalignment.

[0046] Crucially, this invention eliminates the need for secondary drilling to damage the intact insulation layer. Instead, it directly reuses the existing evacuation holes 70 from the original insulation layer manufacturing process as mounting holes. Traditional multi-layer insulation materials have uniformly distributed evacuation holes 70 pre-drilled on the surface during production to meet high-vacuum evacuation requirements. Traditional installation processes completely waste this structure, and subsequent fixing requires additional drilling, leading to material damage and heat leakage channels. This invention innovatively reuses the existing evacuation holes 70 as mounting holes, eliminating the need for secondary processing and additional drilling. This completely avoids the problems of material tearing, irregular hole positions, and chaotic heat leakage channels caused by manual drilling, achieving structural reuse and non-destructive fixing.

[0047] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the corresponding support and fixing mesh is formed by multiple high-strength insulating materials such as PTFE connecting strips 81 arranged in a cross pattern. Multiple sets of connecting strips 81 intersect to form a regular grid structure 82. The size of each grid cell and the overall spacing of the grid 82 precisely match the size and spacing of the vent holes 70 in the insulation layer, ensuring that each required vent hole 70 can be matched to a node of the support and fixing mesh 82. The pre-set connecting holes 80 of the support and fixing mesh are uniformly opened at the intersection of adjacent connecting strips 81. This node is the position with the highest strength and strongest stability of the support and fixing mesh. Opening the connecting holes 80 at this location prevents the grid 82 from deforming under stress and cracking at the hole positions, ensuring structural stability under long-term low-temperature conditions. The design of the grid 82 structure not only achieves precise hole matching but also provides all-round uniform support to the insulation layer, preventing local collapse or excessive tightness of the insulation layer and maintaining the pre-set interlayer vacuum gap.

[0048] It should be noted that this diagram only shows one grid area 82 supporting the fixed mesh; other identical connecting parts are not shown. The specific size of the entire mesh and the number of grid units 82 included are determined according to the design and are not subject to fixed limitations. Moreover, the number of evacuation holes 70 is significantly greater than the number of connecting holes 80, and the evacuation holes 70 can serve as evacuation channels during the subsequent vacuuming process.

[0049] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the connecting component 50 of the present invention is the core component for achieving layered fixing, spacing limitation, non-destructive installation, and low thermal bridge heat leakage. The whole is composed of a pair of first fasteners 51 and second fasteners 52, which are an integrated fixing structure of mortise and tenon joint and hot pressing. There are no screws, rivets, or metal welding parts throughout the process. Assembly does not require glue bonding. It is a purely mechanical structure for limiting and fixing, which is suitable for ultra-low temperature working conditions and has no risk of aging failure or delamination.

[0050] In terms of specific structural implementation, the first fastener 51, also known as the male fastener, is a one-piece molded structure. For example... Figures 7 to 10 As shown, the first fastener 51 includes a first limiting stop 511, and a first fixing pin 512 and a first hot-press plug 513 respectively disposed on the left and right sides of the first limiting stop 511. These three components are integrally molded without seams, resulting in high structural strength and minimal low-temperature deformation. The second fastener 52, also called a female fastener, is similarly an integrally molded structure. Figures 11 to 14 As shown, the second fastener 52 includes a second limiting stop 521, and a second mounting slot 522 and a second hot-press plug 523 respectively disposed on both sides of the second limiting stop 521. The overall structure is symmetrical and regular, forming a precise matching relationship with the first fastener 51. Among them, the first fixing pin 512 has multiple claws, and the second mounting slot 522 has multiple slots. The first fixing pin 512 and the second mounting slot 522 are mortise and tenon matching structures, with dimensional tolerances controlled within 0.1mm. After fastening, there is no loose gap or shaking offset, and the limiting accuracy is extremely high. The first hot-press plug 513 and the second hot-press plug 523 are hot-pressable deformable structures. Before hot-pressing deformation, their ends are cylindrical structures, which are easy to insert into the hole. After hot pressing, they can form an umbrella-shaped expanded limiting structure, achieving permanent fixation without damaging the base material.

[0051] The standardized assembly process for connecting component 50 is a layer-by-layer, step-by-step fixing process with consistent procedures and controllable quality throughout. The specific implementation steps for installing the insulation layer and support netting layer by layer are as follows: like Figure 24 As shown, firstly, the first hot-press plugs 513 of multiple first fasteners 51 are vertically inserted into multiple node connection holes 80 of the lower layer of fixed support net (e.g., the first layer of support net 20). The ends of the first hot-press plugs 513 of the first fasteners 51 are then subjected to low-temperature hot-pressing forming, with the hot-pressing temperature controlled at 80-120℃ and the hot-pressing time at 3-5 seconds, to form an enlarged limiting structure at the ends of the first hot-press plugs 513. (Refer to...) Figure 22 and Figure 23 As shown, it cooperates with the first limit stop 511 to tightly clamp and fix it to the lower support net, completing the non-destructive fixing of the first buckle 51. After fixing, the net body is free from deformation, perforation, tearing, loosening and displacement.

[0052] After the first fastener 51 is fixed, the corresponding insulation layer (e.g., the second insulation layer 30) is laid flat above the lower support and fixing net, so that the reuse air extraction hole 70 of the insulation layer is accurately fitted on the outside of the first fixing pin 512 of the first fastener 51, thus achieving the initial positioning of the insulation layer and ensuring that the insulation layer is laid flat, without wrinkles or deviation.

[0053] Subsequently, the second mounting slots 522 of the multiple second fasteners 52 are aligned with the first fixing pin 512 and engaged with tenon and mortise joints. After engagement, the first limit stop 511 and the second limit stop 521 are aligned vertically to precisely clamp the middle insulation layer. The compression of the insulation layer is strictly limited by the preset distance between the two limit stops, completely eliminating the problem of uncontrollable tightness in traditional processes, and ensuring that the insulation layer has neither loose gaps nor excessive compression and collapse.

[0054] After the insulation layer is clamped and fixed, the node connection holes 80 of the upper support fixing mesh (e.g., the second support fixing mesh 40) are vertically fitted onto the outside of the second hot-press plug 523 of the second buckle 52. After they are in place, the second hot-press plug 523 is hot-pressed to make the end of the second hot-press plug 523 expand and limit its position, which cooperates with the second limit stop 521 to clamp and fix the upper support fixing mesh. It should be noted that the structure of the second hot-press plug 523 for hot-pressing can be referred to as follows: Figure 22 and Figure 23 The structure shown is formed by hot pressing of the first hot-press plug 513.

[0055] This completes the fixing of a three-layer structure consisting of a lower support net, an insulation layer, and an upper support net. All subsequent layers are assembled in a cyclical manner according to this standardized process, achieving layer-by-layer fixing and layer-by-layer positioning of the overall multi-layer insulation structure.

[0056] To fundamentally address the core problem of severe heat leakage due to thermal bridging in traditional metal fasteners, both the first fastener 51 and the second fastener 52 of this invention are made of special non-metallic materials with low thermal conductivity, resistance to ultra-low temperatures, high strength, and low shrinkage. Specifically, materials such as PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), high-strength glass fiber, glass fiber modified composite materials, and PTFE modified reinforcing materials can be selected. These materials possess excellent ultra-low temperature adaptability, and will not crack, deform, age, or shrink in liquid hydrogen and liquid helium temperature environments, exhibiting extremely high structural dimensional stability. Simultaneously, the materials have extremely low thermal conductivity, reducing heat transfer efficiency by more than 90% compared to traditional stainless steel, carbon steel, and aluminum alloy metal fasteners, thus minimizing the thermal bridging effect at the fastening node and eliminating localized concentrated heat leakage problems.

[0057] Meanwhile, this type of non-metallic material possesses excellent insulation, wear resistance, and low-temperature fatigue resistance. It can be used long-term under high vacuum and ultra-low temperature conditions without oxidation, corrosion, or structural loosening. Its service life matches that of multi-layer insulation materials, eliminating the need for frequent replacements. The material has moderate overall hardness, is easy to hot-press, and will not scratch or tear the insulation material or supporting mesh, fully meeting the design requirements for non-destructive assembly. It is suitable for mass standardized production, has low cost, and can be widely applied.

[0058] For installation on flat, large-area cavity walls, this invention features a dedicated positioning component 60. This component ensures precise positioning and stable installation of the first insulation layer 10 and the first support and fixing mesh 20, solving problems such as easy misalignment, voids, loose fit, and inconsistent reference points in traditional bottom-layer assembly. It provides a standardized assembly reference for all subsequent stacked layers, ensuring the flatness and consistency of the overall structure. Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, the positioning component 60 is composed of a fixed base 61 and a third fastener 62 paired together, forming a unique bottom-level fixing structure for flat wall surfaces.

[0059] Among them, such as Figures 17 to 20 As shown, the fixed base 61 includes a metal base plate 611 and a third mounting slot 612 integrally formed on one side of the base plate. The metal base plate 611 is made of a sheet material with good weldability to flat, large-area cavity walls. For example, the metal base plate 611, made of the same material, has a flat surface and high dimensional accuracy, and can be fixed to various flat metal walls by riveting. Compared with traditional arc welding and spot welding, the riveting process has a very small welding contact area, no spatter or deformation at the weld point, minimal damage to the base wall, and fast welding speed and precise positioning. It also requires very low technical skills from operators, and ordinary construction workers can complete standardized welding operations with simple training, greatly reducing the construction threshold and improving construction efficiency.

[0060] like Figure 21 As shown, structurally, the third fastener 62 is the same as the first fastener 51 and can be used interchangeably with the first fastener 51. The third fastener 62 includes a third limit stop 621, as well as a third fixing pin 622 and a third hot-press plug 623 respectively disposed on both sides of the third limit stop 621. The overall assembly logic is unified, ensuring that the bottom layer and the upper layer have consistent assembly processes and consistent quality.

[0061] The specific bottom assembly process is as follows: First, according to the layout of the air extraction holes 70 of the insulation layer, the base plates of multiple fixed bases 61 are quickly positioned and riveted to the flat equipment wall using a riveting and welding equipment to ensure that all fixed bases 61 are evenly arranged and uniformly spaced, forming a regular bottom fixing benchmark.

[0062] The first insulation layer 10 is then laid flat on the outer side of the wall, so that the mounting holes of the first insulation layer 10 are fitted onto the outer side of the third mounting slot 612 of the fixed base 61, completing the initial positioning; then the third fixing pin 622 of the third buckle 62 is precisely engaged with the third mounting slot 612, and the first insulation layer 10 is tightly clamped and fixed by the third limit stop 621 cooperating with the end face of the mounting slot, ensuring that the bottom insulation layer is free of voids, wrinkles and displacement.

[0063] Finally, the connecting holes 80 of the first-layer support and fixing mesh 20 are fitted onto the outside of the third hot-press plug 623, and the third hot-press plug 623 is hot-pressed. The end expansion structure cooperates with the third limiting stop 621 to clamp and fix the first-layer support and fixing mesh 20, completing the assembly of the overall bottom base structure. It should be noted here that the structure for hot-pressing the third hot-press plug 623 can be referred to as follows: Figure 22 and Figure 23 The structure shown is formed by hot pressing of the first hot-press plug 513.

[0064] After the bottom layer assembly is completed, the entire base plane is flat and regular with precise positioning, providing a stable benchmark for subsequent multi-layer alternating stacking.

[0065] During the construction of large-area equipment insulation, due to limitations in raw material size, construction conditions, and transportation conditions, a complete insulation coverage cannot be formed from a single piece of insulation material. It must be composed of multiple standard-sized insulation blocks spliced ​​together. Traditional splicing methods have problems such as misaligned joints, heat leakage at joints, loosening at splices, and uneven layering, which are important hidden dangers for low-temperature insulation failure.

[0066] To address this issue, the present invention employs a cross-joint support and fixing structure using a supporting and fixing mesh. Specifically, the insulation layer is formed by splicing and laying multiple uniformly sized insulation blocks to create a complete covering layer. A standard splicing gap is reserved between two adjacent insulation blocks. The supporting and fixing mesh is completely installed above the splicing joint 90 of the adjacent blocks. The overall mesh structure 82 of the supporting and fixing mesh provides full coverage support and compresses and limits the splicing gap.

[0067] This structural design completely solves the various defects of traditional splicing processes. Through the overall limiting effect of the upper support and fixing mesh, it forcibly ensures that the joints of each insulation block overlap neatly, are evenly arranged, and have no misaligned edges, warped edges, or local protrusions or depressions. The splicing gaps are uniformly compacted by the 82 mesh structure, resulting in uniform gaps and eliminating heat leakage channels caused by excessively large local gaps. At the same time, the cross-joint support structure can distribute the stress load at the splicing point, preventing loosening, cracking, and displacement at the joint 90 due to layer stacking. This significantly improves the overall structural integrity and sealing of large-area insulation layers, perfectly adapting to the large-scale construction needs of large-area flat walls.

[0068] This invention provides a standardized installation process specifically designed for flat, large-area walls such as storage tanks, large cavities, and plate cryogenic equipment. The process is simple, standardized, quality controllable, and suitable for batch construction. The complete implementation steps are as follows: The first step is the pretreatment of the base layer and the installation of the base. The wall surface of the flat equipment is cleaned to remove oil, scale, and impurities, ensuring that the wall surface is flat and clean and meets the conditions for riveting and welding construction. According to the preset assembly spacing, the placement points of the fixed base 61 are planned on the wall surface. The fixed base 61 is quickly and accurately riveted and welded using riveting and welding equipment to ensure that all bases are evenly arranged, at the same height, and aligned, forming a standardized bottom fixing benchmark.

[0069] The second step is the assembly of the bottom layer structure. The insulation blocks of the first insulation layer 10 are sequentially spliced ​​and laid on the outer side of the equipment wall. The positions of the blocks are adjusted to ensure uniform joint gaps and a flat surface. The mounting holes of the first insulation layer 10 are aligned with the third mounting slot 612 of the fixed base 61 for positioning. The third fastener 62 is assembled and locked. The connecting holes 80 of the first support and fixing mesh 20 are aligned with the third hot-press plug 623 of the third fastener 62. After the third hot-press plug 623 is hot-pressed, the first insulation layer 10 and the first support and fixing mesh 20 are fixed, constructing a flat and stable foundation.

[0070] The third step involves multi-layer alternating stacking construction. Using the first layer of support and fixing netting 20 as the base layer, the second layer of insulation layer 30 and the second layer of support and fixing netting 40 are laid layer by layer in an alternating stacking sequence of "support and fixing netting - insulation layer - support and fixing netting," with gaps between each layer. Each layer of insulation layer and support and fixing netting is precisely fastened and heat-pressed using the connecting assembly 50 composed of the first and second fasteners 51, locking and limiting each layer. During the stacking process, the preset inter-layer gap standard is strictly followed, and the fixed spacing of the fasteners is used to control the amount of layer compression, avoiding excessive compression and loosening throughout the process.

[0071] The fourth step is overall final calibration. After all layers are stacked, the flatness, gaps, and firmness of the overall insulation structure are calibrated, and minor local offsets are corrected to ensure the overall structure is neat and uniform, completing the complete assembly of the 100-layer multi-layer insulation device for a flat, large-area wall. This method is a standardized operation throughout, requiring no reliance on manual experience, resulting in high construction efficiency, good consistency of finished products, and is fully adaptable to large-scale industrial construction.

[0072] For irregularly shaped walls such as cryogenic pipelines, curved components, and irregularly curved cryogenic equipment that cannot be constructed using traditional methods, this invention designs a differentiated and exclusive installation process that overcomes the limitations of traditional methods. The specific implementation steps are as follows: The first step is the pretreatment of irregularly shaped substrates. The pipes and irregularly shaped curved walls are cleaned and polished to remove burrs, rust, and oil stains, ensuring that the wall surface is smooth and regular, without any protruding obstacles, and meets the conditions for mesh adhesion and installation.

[0073] The second step is the construction of the first-layer support mesh base. Unlike the process of installing the insulation layer first on flat walls, the first-layer support mesh 20 is laid and fixed first on irregularly shaped walls. Utilizing the flexible and bendable characteristics of the support mesh itself, it is made to completely conform to the curvature and structural shape of the irregular wall, without any gaps, bulges, or forced stretching deformation. The first-layer support mesh is fixed and shaped by the connecting components 50, thus constructing a complete, close-fitting, and stable rigid support base layer on the surface of the irregular wall, completely solving the problems of difficult positioning, easy slippage, and poor adhesion of insulation materials on irregularly shaped walls.

[0074] The third step is multi-layer alternating stacking assembly. Using the first layer of support and fixing mesh as the irregular base, the insulation layer and support and fixing mesh are laid in sequence using a gap fit and alternating stacking method. Each layer is locked and fixed layer by layer by snap-on connection component 50. Relying on the fitting benchmark of the base mesh, it is ensured that all subsequent layers fit the irregular wall shape, with uniform interlayer gaps and structural stability.

[0075] The fourth step is the calibration and molding of the irregular structure. To address the curvature variations of the irregular surface, the assembly positions of the local clips are fine-tuned to ensure smooth transitions, no wrinkles in the layers, and no compression buildup. This ultimately completes the standardized assembly of the irregular structure / pipe wall multi-layer insulation device 100, achieving high-quality thermal insulation protection for the irregular low-temperature component.

[0076] This invention, through its novel structural design, material selection, assembly process, and working condition adaptation scheme, completely solves all the core defects of traditional installation processes for four types of multi-layer insulation materials—binding, sewing, bonding, and mechanical nailing—from the structural root. It exhibits significant technical advantages in multiple dimensions, including structural stability, insulation performance, ease of construction, quality control, working condition adaptability, production cost, and post-installation maintenance. The specific beneficial effects are elaborated below in conjunction with the structure and assembly method: 1. The layered fixing structure offers advantages, completely solving the problem of uncontrollable quality in traditional molding processes. This invention employs a structure of alternating stacking of support mesh and insulation layers, with each layer independently locked. Combined with a snap-locking design for precise spacing, it achieves precise quantitative control of interlayer gaps, completely abandoning the outdated method of relying entirely on manual control of tightness in traditional processes. Traditional binding processes suffer from uncontrollable tightness and limited number of layers; adhesive processes cannot fix layers one by one, resulting in loose interlayer gaps; and sewing processes suffer from poor overall rigidity and easy deformation. In contrast, each insulation layer in this invention is evenly clamped by the upper and lower support meshes, with precise point-to-point positioning and uniform interlayer gaps. This avoids both excessive looseness leading to layer loosening and vacuum gap disorder, and excessive tightness leading to insulation material pore collapse and insulation medium failure. Simultaneously, the overall 82-grid support structure of the support mesh ensures layer flatness under large-area and irregular curved surface conditions, eliminating defects such as local compression, local voids, and layer misalignment, greatly improving the consistency of the insulation device's molding quality and structural stability.

[0077] 2. Reuse the original 70mm vent structure to eliminate heat leakage defects at the source. Traditional mechanical nailing processes require manual, forced perforation, which not only tears the insulation material and damages the integrity of the insulation structure but also creates numerous disordered metal thermal bridges and heat leakage channels, a core cause of low-temperature insulation failure. This invention innovatively reuses the existing vent holes 70, formed from multi-layer insulation material, as fixing and mounting holes. This eliminates the need for secondary drilling, material damage, and additional heat leakage channels, perfectly achieving structural reuse and non-destructive assembly. Simultaneously, the grid nodes 82 of the supporting fixing mesh precisely match the vent holes 70, resulting in neat and uniform fixing points without messy perforations or heat leakage issues. Combined with low thermal conductivity non-metallic clip components, this completely eliminates the high-strength thermal bridge effect of traditional metal nailing, significantly reducing localized heat leakage at fixing nodes and substantially improving overall insulation efficiency under ultra-low temperature conditions.

[0078] 3. Low thermal conductivity materials and matching structure to minimize thermal bridge leakage. All snap-fit ​​fastening components in this invention are made of PTFE, glass fiber, and their modified low thermal conductivity materials. Compared to traditional metal fasteners, the thermal conductivity is significantly reduced, suppressing heat conduction from the material end. Simultaneously, the multi-layered fastening nodes of this invention are a non-connected, dispersed structure, which, combined with the extended mesh structure of the supporting fastening net, significantly lengthens the heat conduction path, avoiding the problem of direct heat conduction in traditional metal components. The synergistic effect of the multiple structures and materials greatly reduces the node heat leakage rate of the entire insulation device, solving the industry pain point of "the more fastening points, the more severe the heat leakage" in traditional fastening processes. While ensuring structural fastening strength, it maximizes the preservation of the high-vacuum multi-layer insulation design performance of the multi-layer insulation material.

[0079] 4. Standardized snap-fit ​​assembly significantly reduces the construction threshold and improves construction efficiency. Traditional installation processes, including binding, sewing, bonding, and metal welding, all heavily rely on the technical experience of operators. Binding, sewing, bonding, and metal welding all require certified professionals, resulting in high labor costs, long training periods, low construction efficiency, inconsistent product quality, and the inability to standardize mass production. This invention employs a standardized assembly process using interlocking snap-fit ​​joints and hot-pressing. This process is simple, uniform, and has a high tolerance for error. Operators do not need specialized skills in low-temperature construction, welding, bonding, or sewing. Ordinary construction workers can become proficient after short-term training, completely eliminating reliance on highly skilled personnel. Furthermore, the snap-fit ​​assembly is fast, without cumbersome procedures or prefabrication waiting times, making it suitable for large-scale, multi-area, and multi-condition construction projects, demonstrating strong industrial adaptability.

[0080] 5. Full coverage and adaptability to various working conditions, breaking through the limitations of traditional processes. Traditional binding and bonding processes are only suitable for small, flat wall surfaces, mechanical nailing processes cannot be used for pipes and irregularly shaped curved components, and sewing processes are only suitable for small, regular panels, resulting in extremely poor overall adaptability. This invention, through a double-layer structure design, features a bottom-layer positioning component assembly process for large, flat wall surfaces, and a dedicated process for laying a mesh to construct the base for pipes and irregularly shaped curved walls. It can comprehensively adapt to all types of applications, including large cryogenic cavities, cryogenic storage tanks, cryogenic pipelines, irregularly shaped cryogenic components, and curved cryogenic equipment, completely breaking through the limitations of traditional processes. Simultaneously, the supporting and fixing mesh can flexibly adapt to various spliced ​​insulation blocks, and the cross-joint support and fixing structure solves the problems of heat leakage and uneven joints in large-area splicing, perfectly adapting to large-scale industrial construction scenarios.

[0081] 6. Modular structure design, flexible adjustment, reusable, and low maintenance cost. This invention employs a modular, layered assembly structure, allowing for flexible replacement of snap-fit ​​components with varying limiting spacings based on the cryogenic equipment's cryogenic level and insulation requirements. This enables rapid addition or removal of insulation layers without altering the overall assembly process, adapting to different temperature zones (liquid hydrogen, liquid helium) and demonstrating exceptional structural versatility and flexibility. Furthermore, the snap-fit ​​fixing structure is detachable, unlike non-detachable structures achieved through bonding, sewing, or permanent welding. This allows for individual removal, replacement, and reuse of the insulation layer without the need for complete dismantling of the insulation structure, significantly reducing the cost and workload of subsequent inspection, maintenance, and upgrades of cryogenic equipment. In addition, the invention's components are simple in structure and low in cost, suitable for standardized bulk procurement and mass production, resulting in significant economic benefits from industrialization.

[0082] 7. The bottom structure of the riveted and welded base improves the stability of the bottom assembly and the ease of construction. The metal riveting base structure used in this invention for smoothing the wall surface offers significant advantages over traditional hook-and-pin welding. It features small weld area, minimal damage to the substrate wall, no welding deformation, and no heat-affected zone, thus preserving the structural strength of the cryogenic equipment. Furthermore, the riveting process can be automated with precise positioning, offering high welding accuracy and speed, and is not limited by site or equipment size, providing high flexibility and fewer constraints. The standardized limiting structure of the bottom positioning component 60 ensures the flatness and stability of the first-layer structure, providing a unified benchmark for all upper stacked layers. This completely solves the problems of hollow areas, misalignment, and loose fit in traditional bottom-layer assembly, guaranteeing the overall quality of the insulation structure from the base.

[0083] 8. Non-extrusion molded structure, ensuring long-term insulation performance. This invention relies on the precise spacing control of the snap-fit ​​limiters and the uniform support of the support mesh to ensure that all multi-layer insulation materials maintain the pre-designed interlayer vacuum gap. The assembly process involves no external forced compression or localized stress concentration, and the internal pore structure and insulation medium distribution of the insulation material are completely preserved in their original design state, avoiding the material collapse, pore compaction, and insulation failure problems associated with traditional processes. Simultaneously, the unused pre-fabricated connection holes 80 in the support mesh can be directly used as support points, providing comprehensive support for the insulation layers and preventing deformation under stress. During long-term use, the interlayer gap remains stable, the structure remains secure, and the insulation performance does not degrade, significantly improving the service life and operational stability of cryogenic insulation equipment.

[0084] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-described technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-layer thermal insulation device, characterized in that, It includes multiple layers of insulation, multiple layers of support and fixing mesh, and several connecting components; The supporting and fixing mesh and the multi-layer insulation layer are spaced and stacked alternately, and each pair of adjacent supporting and fixing meshes and the insulation layer sandwiched between them are locked and fixed by a number of the connecting components.

2. The multi-layer insulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each insulation layer is provided with a number of preset installation holes, and each support and fixing mesh is provided with a number of preset connection holes; The connecting component includes a first fastener and a second fastener. The first fastener passes through and is fixed in the connecting hole of the lower support and fixing mesh. The mounting hole of the insulation layer is sleeved on the outside of the first fastener. The second fastener is fastened to the first fastener to clamp and fix the insulation layer. The upper support and fixing mesh is fixedly connected to the second fastener to realize the stacking and fixing of the multi-layer structure.

3. The multi-layer insulation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first fastener includes a first limiting stop and a first fixing pin and a first hot-press plug respectively disposed on both sides of the first limiting stop; the second fastener includes a second limiting stop and a second mounting slot and a second hot-press plug respectively disposed on both sides of the second limiting stop. After the first hot-press plug is inserted into the connection hole of the lower support and fixing mesh, the first hot-press plug is hot-pressed and formed so that the first hot-press plug and the first limiting stop cooperate to clamp and fix the lower support and fixing mesh. The second mounting slot engages with the first fixing pin via a tenon and mortise, and the insulation layer is clamped and fixed by the cooperation of the first limiting stop and the second limiting stop; The connecting holes of the upper support fixing net are sleeved on the outside of the second hot-press plug. The second hot-press plug is hot-pressed and formed so that the second hot-press plug and the second limit stop cooperate to clamp and fix the upper support fixing net.

4. The multi-layer insulation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Some of the original vent holes in the insulation layer are reused as the mounting holes. The supporting and fixing net includes multiple cross-laid connecting strips, which cross and enclose to form a grid structure. The size of the grid structure matches the size of the air extraction hole of the insulation layer, and the connecting holes are opened at the intersection of adjacent connecting strips.

5. The multi-layer insulation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the first and second fasteners are made of PTFE, glass fiber, or corresponding modified low thermal conductivity materials.

6. The multi-layer insulation device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that, It also includes positioning components; The positioning component is used to position, install, and securely fix the first insulation layer and the first support and fixing mesh on the flat wall surface.

7. The multi-layer insulation device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The positioning component includes a fixed base and a third fastener; the fixed base includes a base plate and a third mounting slot on one side of the base plate; the third fastener includes a third limiting stop and a third fixing pin and a third hot-press plug respectively disposed on both sides of the third limiting stop; The base plate is riveted and welded to the flat wall surface. The mounting holes of the first insulation layer are sleeved on the outside of the third mounting slot. The third fixing pin is fastened to the third mounting slot to clamp and fix the first insulation layer. The connecting holes of the first layer of support and fixing mesh are sleeved on the outside of the third hot-press plug, and the third hot-press plug is hot-pressed and formed so that the third hot-press plug and the third limiting stop cooperate to clamp and fix the first layer of support and fixing mesh.

8. The multi-layer insulation device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The insulation layer is composed of multiple insulation blocks spliced ​​together, and the supporting and fixing net is installed across the splicing joints of adjacent blocks to ensure that the joints of each insulation layer overlap neatly and are evenly arranged.

9. A method for installing a multi-layer thermal insulation device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 on a flat wall surface, characterized in that, include: Lay the first layer of insulation and the first layer of support netting on the flat wall surface in sequence; With the first layer of support and fixing mesh as the base layer, the insulation layer and support and fixing mesh are stacked alternately with gaps. During the stacking process, several connecting components are used to lock and fix each two adjacent layers of support and fixing mesh and the insulation layer sandwiched between them, thus completing the assembly of the multi-layer insulation device.

10. A method for installing a multi-layer thermal insulation device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 on an irregularly shaped wall surface, characterized in that, include: First, lay and fix the first layer of support netting on the irregular wall surface to construct the foundation support layer. With the first layer of support and fixing mesh as the base layer, the insulation layer and support and fixing mesh are stacked alternately with gaps. During the stacking process, several connecting components are used to lock and fix each two adjacent layers of support and fixing mesh and the insulation layer sandwiched between them, thus completing the assembly of the multi-layer insulation device.

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