Heat recovery device for cast pouring

Abstract

The application discloses a heat recovery device for casting pouring, which comprises a heat exchange box body and a dust cleaning unit. A plurality of heat exchange pipes are arranged in the heat exchange box body. The dust cleaning unit is used for removing dust on the surface of the heat exchange pipes. The dust cleaning unit comprises a scraping assembly and a driving assembly. The scraping assembly is arranged in the heat exchange box body and is sleeved on the outside of the heat exchange pipes. The fixed end of the driving assembly is arranged outside the heat exchange box body. The driving end of the driving assembly is connected with the scraping assembly in the heat exchange box body to drive the scraping assembly to move along the extension direction of the heat exchange pipes, so that the surface of the heat exchange pipes is cleaned. The heat recovery device for casting pouring can clean the dust on the heat exchange pipes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of casting technology, specifically to a heat recovery device for casting pouring. Background Technology

[0002] During the casting and pouring process, a large amount of high-temperature flue gas is generated, containing considerable thermal energy. Related technologies typically employ shell-and-tube heat exchangers for waste heat recovery. The structure mainly includes a heat exchange chamber containing multiple heat exchange tubes. Each tube is connected to an inlet and outlet water pipe, respectively, through which cooling water flows. The chamber also has an inlet and outlet pipe. High-temperature flue gas enters the chamber through the inlet pipe, flowing horizontally or vertically across the tube bundle and transferring heat to the water inside the tubes through the tube walls. The heated water can be used for production or domestic purposes, while the cooled flue gas is purified before being discharged. This type of device effectively reduces the flue gas emission temperature and improves energy efficiency.

[0003] However, the casting flue gas contains a large amount of dust and volatile binders. These impurities tend to adhere to and accumulate on the outer surface of the heat exchange tubes, forming a dense layer of ash. The presence of ash not only significantly increases thermal resistance and reduces heat exchange efficiency, but also narrows the flow channel and increases system resistance, seriously affecting production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in related technologies. To this end, embodiments of this invention provide a heat recovery device for casting and pouring, capable of cleaning dust from heat exchange tubes.

[0005] This invention proposes a heat recovery device for casting, comprising: a heat exchange box housing, wherein a plurality of heat exchange tubes are disposed within the heat exchange box housing at intervals; and a dust removal unit for removing dust from the surface of the heat exchange tubes, the dust removal unit comprising a scraping component and a driving component, the scraping component being located inside the heat exchange box housing and sleeved on the outside of the heat exchange tubes, the fixed end of the driving component being located outside the heat exchange box housing, and the driving end of the driving component extending into the heat exchange box housing and connected to the scraping component to drive the scraping component to move along the extension direction of the heat exchange tubes to clean the surface of the heat exchange tubes.

[0006] With this configuration, the fixed end of the drive component is located outside the heat exchange box, avoiding corrosion of the drive mechanism by high-temperature flue gas; the drive end extends into the box and is connected to the scraping component, realizing reliable transmission of external power to the inside; the scraping component is sleeved on the outside of the heat exchange tube and can move axially, enabling online cleaning of the surface without affecting the normal operation of the heat exchange tube, so that the cleaning operation does not require furnace shutdown or manual intervention, improving the continuous operation time and production efficiency of the waste heat recovery device, while reducing maintenance costs and labor intensity.

[0007] In some embodiments, the scraping assembly includes a support frame and a plurality of scraping components. The driving end of the driving component is connected to the support frame. The support frame surrounds the outside of the heat exchange tube. The plurality of scraping components are detachably connected to the support frame, and each of the plurality of scraping components corresponds one-to-one with a plurality of heat exchange tubes. The scraping components are sleeved on the outside of the heat exchange tubes, and the inner side of the scraping components is in contact with the outer surface of the heat exchange tubes.

[0008] This configuration integrates multiple scraping components into a single unit on the support frame and connects it to the drive end, enabling simultaneous cleaning of all heat exchange tubes in a single drive. The scraping components are detachably connected to the support frame, facilitating individual replacement of worn parts. Each scraping component corresponds to a heat exchange tube and its inner side is in contact with the tube wall, ensuring the cleaning effect of each heat exchange tube, improving cleaning efficiency and ease of equipment maintenance, and reducing the risk of overall cleaning failure due to damage to individual scrapers.

[0009] In some embodiments, the scraping component includes a mounting base, a pair of elastic members, and a pair of semi-annular scrapers. The pair of elastic members are connected to the pair of semi-annular scrapers in a one-to-one correspondence, and the pair of semi-annular scrapers respectively surround the outer surface of the heat exchange tube. One end of the elastic member is connected to the mounting base, and the other end of the elastic member is connected to the semi-annular scraper.

[0010] With this configuration, a pair of semi-annular scrapers surround the outer surface of the heat exchange tube, forming a complete scraping ring. The elastic element provides continuous radial pressure, making the scrapers fit tightly against the tube wall. The elastic element can adaptively compensate for the diameter changes and uneven ash thickness caused by thermal expansion and contraction of the heat exchange tube. This achieves uniform and effective ash scraping of the outer surface of the heat exchange tube, while avoiding damage to the tube wall caused by rigid scraping, thus improving the reliability and adaptability of ash cleaning.

[0011] In some embodiments, the support frame is provided with a plurality of mounting slots, the plurality of mounting slots being spaced apart on the support frame, and the mounting seats of the plurality of scraping components are rotatably mounted in the mounting slots via ball joints.

[0012] This configuration, where the mounting base is connected to the mounting slot via a ball joint, allows the scraping component to deflect at an angle relative to the support frame. The ball joint connection allows the scraping component to adapt to minor bends or installation deviations in the heat exchange tubes. The spaced distribution of the mounting slots ensures independent movement between each scraping component. These features work together to ensure that each pair of semi-annular scrapers always maintains coaxial contact with the corresponding heat exchange tube, further improving the consistency of dust removal and the tolerance to tube bundle deformation.

[0013] In some embodiments, the device further includes a limiting component, which includes a limiting guide groove and a limiting plate. The limiting guide groove extends along the extension direction of the heat exchange tube, one end of the limiting plate is engaged in the limiting groove, and the other end of the limiting plate is connected to the support frame.

[0014] With this configuration, the limiting plate is locked in the limiting guide groove, providing guidance for the axial movement of the support frame; the limiting guide groove is arranged along the extension direction of the heat exchange tube, ensuring that the moving trajectory of the scraping component is parallel to the tube bundle; the limiting plate is fixedly connected to the support frame, limiting the circumferential sway of the support frame, so that the scraping component maintains stability and positional accuracy during movement, avoiding jamming or uneven wear, and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0015] In some embodiments, the device further includes an ash collection unit located at the bottom of the heat exchange box, the bottom of the heat exchange box having an ash outlet communicating with the ash collection unit, the ash collection unit including a door component and an ash collection box, the door component being used to open and close the ash outlet to connect the heat exchange box and the ash collection box.

[0016] With this configuration, the dust collection unit is located at the bottom of the heat exchange box and is directly connected to the dust outlet, allowing the scraped dust to fall naturally. The door component controls the opening and closing of the dust outlet, which can be opened during dust cleaning and closed at other times. The dust collection box is used to collect dust centrally, realizing the linkage between dust cleaning and dust collection, avoiding dust accumulation at the bottom of the box or secondary re-entrainment, improving the internal environment of the equipment, and providing convenience for subsequent dust treatment.

[0017] In some embodiments, the door component includes a first door, a second door, and an opening component. The first door and the second door are both located at the ash outlet. One end of the opening component extends into the ash collection box and is connected to the first door and the second door. The opening component is used to drive the first door and the second door to rotate relative to the ash collection box to open and close the ash outlet.

[0018] With this design, the double-door structure covers the ash outlet and flips to both sides when opened, increasing the ash discharge channel area. The opening component extends into the ash collection box and connects to the two doors to achieve synchronous drive. The flip-type opening and closing action is crisp and not easily blocked by dust, allowing dust to fall into the ash collection box quickly and smoothly, improving ash discharge efficiency and avoiding the blockage problem caused by opening the door on one side.

[0019] In some embodiments, the opening component includes a fixed frame, a first connecting seat, a second connecting seat, a top rod, and a driving member. The fixed end of the driving member is located outside the ash collection box, and the driving end of the driving member extends into the ash collection box and is connected to the fixed frame. One end of the first connecting seat is connected to the fixed frame, and the other end of the first connecting seat is pivotally connected to the first compartment door. One end of the second connecting seat is connected to the fixed frame, and the other end of the second connecting seat is connected to the second compartment door. The top rod is located inside the ash collection box, and there are two top rods. The two top rods are located below the first compartment door and the second compartment door, respectively, and are spaced apart.

[0020] With this configuration, the drive unit is located outside the dust collection box to avoid dust contamination; the drive end drives the fixed frame to rise and fall, and drives the two compartment doors to flip through the first connecting seat and the second connecting seat respectively; the top rod provides support below the compartment door and limits the opening angle, realizing stable linkage control of the compartment door. The structure is compact, the transmission is reliable, and it is easy to realize automatic opening and closing.

[0021] In some embodiments, the pivot joint between the first compartment door and the first connecting seat, and the pivot joint between the second compartment door and the second connecting seat, are provided with torsion springs.

[0022] With this configuration, the torsion spring provides a continuous closing preload at the pivot point; when the drive unit is not in operation, the torsion spring automatically keeps the door closed; during the opening process, the torsion spring stores energy, which helps the door to quickly reset, improves the door's sealing performance and action response speed, prevents dust from escaping during non-dust cleaning periods, and reduces the power consumption of the drive unit.

[0023] In some embodiments, one end of the ash collection box has an air inlet adapted to be connected to an air source, and an exhaust port is provided on one side wall of the ash collection box opposite to the air inlet.

[0024] With this configuration, the air inlet is connected to the air source, allowing airflow to be introduced into the dust collection box; the outlet is located on the opposite side wall, forming a through airflow channel; the airflow can carry the dust accumulated in the dust collection box out through the outlet, realizing active dust transport and remote discharge, avoiding the need for manual cleaning after the dust collection box is full, and further improving the automation level and cleaning efficiency of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a heat recovery device for casting and pouring according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a heat recovery device for casting and pouring according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dust removal unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the scraping component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ash collection unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the ash collection unit in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the heat exchange box in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the opening component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of the opening component from another perspective in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure label: Heat exchanger housing 100, dust removal unit 200, dust collection unit 300. Heat exchanger tube 1, Scraping component 2, support frame 21, mounting slot 211, Scraping component 22, mounting base 221, elastic element 222, semi-circular scraper 223, Drive component 3, first driver 31, Limiting component 4, limiting guide groove 41, limiting plate 42 Storage door component 5, first storage door 51, second storage door 52 Opening component 53, fixing frame 531, first connecting seat 532, second connecting seat 533, push rod 534, driving component 535. Ash collection box 6, air inlet 61, exhaust outlet 62. Water inlet pipe 7, water outlet pipe 8, air inlet 9, air outlet 10, guide plate 11, torsion spring 12. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this disclosure, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0036] In the field of waste heat recovery from foundry flue gas, a commonly used technical solution for continuous heat recovery from high-temperature, dust-laden flue gas is shell-and-tube heat exchangers. Specifically, this solution involves a closed heat exchange chamber 100 with multiple heat exchange tubes 1 arranged inside. The basic working principle is that high-temperature flue gas enters through the inlet 61 of the chamber, flows over the outer surface of the heat exchange tubes 1, while cooling water flows inside the tubes 1. Heat exchange occurs between the two through the tube walls, heating the water and reducing the flue gas temperature. Its widespread application is primarily due to its ability to effectively isolate and efficiently heat exchange between the flue gas and cooling water, its relatively simple structure, and its controllable cost.

[0037] However, this solution performs poorly when applied to casting scenarios where the flue gas contains high levels of dust and the dust is sticky. A fundamental contradiction lies in the fact that while the solution utilizes a densely packed bundle of slender heat exchange tubes to optimize heat exchange area and structural compactness, its inherent design makes it difficult to prevent continuous dust accumulation on the tube walls. Specifically, dust particles and volatile binders in the casting flue gas continuously adhere to and form a dense layer of ash as they flow over the outer surface of the heat exchange tubes. As a poor conductor of heat, the increased thickness of this ash layer directly leads to a sharp rise in thermal resistance, significantly reducing heat exchange efficiency. Simultaneously, the ash also reduces the cross-sectional area of ​​the flue gas flow channel, increasing system resistance. To restore heat exchange performance, the relevant technologies have to employ periodic furnace shutdowns and manual cleaning, which severely restricts the continuous operation efficiency of the production line.

[0038] Through in-depth analysis, the inventors discovered that the root causes of the aforementioned contradictions are multifaceted: From a materials and physical mechanism perspective, the dust composition in casting fumes is complex, containing sand particles, metal oxides, and unburned resin binders. These readily adhere to and carbonize on the metal tube walls at high temperatures, forming a hard scale layer that is difficult to detach naturally. From a structural and kinematic perspective, the tightly packed heat exchange tube bundle 1 creates narrow flow channels, making it difficult for manual or simple mechanical tools to reach all the dead corners of the tube walls for effective cleaning. Furthermore, the introduction of any dust removal component must consider its interference with the flue gas flow field and wear issues in high-dust environments. In addition, from a system operation perspective, heat exchange tube 1 undergoes significant thermal expansion and contraction deformation under high-temperature conditions. This leads to uneven contact pressure, potential jamming, or damage to the tube walls from any rigidly connected scraping mechanism. These factors collectively limit the performance ceiling of existing solutions in addressing the core requirement of continuous dust accumulation in casting fumes.

[0039] To overcome the aforementioned contradictions, this invention proposes a different technical approach. Its core concept lies in: introducing a mounting frame that can move axially along the heat exchange tube 1, and installing a scraper on this frame connected to the outer surface of the heat exchange tube 1 via an elastic floating mechanism. This improves the mechanical cleaning mechanism for ash accumulation on the surface of the heat exchange tube 1, thereby effectively enhancing the active and continuous cleaning capability of ash accumulation on the tube wall without significantly sacrificing the original compactness and operational stability of the heat exchanger, and avoiding scraper jamming or damage caused by thermal deformation of the tube wall or uneven ash accumulation. In other words, it provides a heat recovery and utilization device with an elastic adaptive ash removal function to solve the problem in related technologies where heat exchange tube 1 easily accumulates ash and requires periodic furnace shutdowns for cleaning, severely impacting production efficiency. It achieves the technical effect of non-stop, adaptive, and efficient online ash removal of heat exchange tube 1 under complex casting flue gas conditions.

[0040] See Figures 1 to 9 This disclosure provides a heat recovery device for casting. The device mainly includes a heat exchange box 100, heat exchange tubes 1 disposed within the heat exchange box 100, and a dust removal unit 200 for removing dust from the surface of the heat exchange tubes 1. The heat exchange box 100 serves as the core container for heat exchange, where the high-temperature flue gas generated during the casting process undergoes non-contact heat exchange with the cooling water.

[0041] An air inlet pipe is fixedly installed at the lower part of one end of the heat exchange box 100. The air inlet pipe is used to guide the high-temperature dusty flue gas generated during casting into the interior of the heat exchange box 100. An air outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the upper end of the heat exchange box 100. After heat exchange and cooling, the flue gas is led to the subsequent flue gas emission equipment through the air outlet pipe.

[0042] For example, in order to achieve more efficient heat exchange within a limited heat exchange area, the air velocity of the flue gas entering the inlet pipe is controlled between 2 and 5 m / s. The low-velocity dust-laden airflow can significantly reduce the "sandblasting" abrasion on the heat exchange tube 1 and the scraper ring mechanism, extending the service life of the core components of the equipment. At the same time, it can extend the residence time of the flue gas in the heat exchange box 100, making the contact between the flue gas and the heat exchange tube 1 more sufficient, effectively reducing the exhaust gas temperature and improving the heat recovery efficiency of the entire system.

[0043] The inlet pipe 7 is fixedly installed at one end of the heat exchange box 100 and is used to supply the heat exchange equipment with cooling water at a lower temperature. The outlet pipe 8 is fixedly connected to the other end of the heat exchange box 100, and the water whose temperature rises after absorbing heat from the flue gas is discharged from the outlet pipe 8. The discharged high-temperature water can be supplied to workshop heating, domestic hot water, or other processes that require a heat source.

[0044] Multiple heat exchange tubes 1 are installed between the inlet pipe 7 and the outlet pipe 8. The main body of the heat exchange tube 1 is placed in the internal cavity of the heat exchange box 100. The high-temperature flue gas horizontally washes the outer surface of the heat exchange tube 1 inside the heat exchange box 100, transferring heat to the cooling water flowing inside the tube, thereby realizing the recovery and utilization of heat.

[0045] The heat exchange chamber 100 contains multiple heat exchange tubes 1, which are spaced apart within the chamber. A dust removal unit 200 is used to remove dust from the surface of the heat exchange tubes 1, and includes a scraping assembly 2 and a driving assembly 3. The scraping assembly 2 is located inside the heat exchange chamber 100 and sleeved on the outside of the heat exchange tubes 1. The fixed end of the driving assembly 3 is located outside the heat exchange chamber 100, while the driving end extends into the heat exchange chamber 100 and connects to the scraping assembly 2, thereby driving the scraping assembly 2 to move along the extension direction of the heat exchange tubes 1, thus cleaning the surface of the heat exchange tubes 1.

[0046] For example, the drive assembly 3 can be a drive device that can provide linear reciprocating motion, such as an electric push rod, hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, lead screw and nut mechanism or rack and pinion mechanism, as long as its fixed end is located outside the heat exchange box 100 and the drive end extends into the heat exchange box 100 and is connected to the scraping assembly 2.

[0047] This protects the drive assembly 3 from direct heat radiation and dust erosion from the high-temperature flue gas, extending its service life. The cleaning method of the scraper assembly 2, which moves axially along the heat exchange tube 1, covers the entire tube wall surface, enabling automatic online dust removal without shutting down the machine. This solves the problem of traditional equipment requiring periodic shutdowns for manual cleaning, which severely impacts production efficiency and significantly improves the continuous operating time and heat recovery efficiency of the equipment.

[0048] In some embodiments, the scraping assembly 2 includes a support frame 21 and a plurality of scraping components 22. The driving end of the driving component is connected to the support frame 21. The support frame 21 surrounds the outside of the heat exchange tube 1, and the plurality of scraping components 22 are detachably connected to the support frame 21, and the plurality of scraping components 22 correspond one-to-one with the plurality of heat exchange tubes 1. Each scraping component 22 is sleeved on the outside of the corresponding heat exchange tube 1, and its inner side is in contact with the outer surface of the heat exchange tube 1.

[0049] Specifically, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the support frame 21 is a rectangular frame, and the interior of the support frame 21 is divided into multiple installation compartments, with a scraping component 22 installed in each compartment.

[0050] It should be noted that the support frame 21 surrounds and enables the synchronous movement of multiple scraping components 22, allowing for the completion of surface cleaning of all heat exchange tubes 1 in a single drive, thus improving cleaning efficiency. The one-to-one correspondence between the scraping components 22 and the heat exchange tubes 1 ensures that each heat exchange tube 1 receives independent and uniform cleaning, avoiding cleaning dead zones. The detachable connection method facilitates individual replacement of the scraping components 22 after wear, without disassembling the entire support frame 21, reducing maintenance time and spare parts costs.

[0051] The support frame 21, acting as a unified motion carrier, ensures the synchronization and consistency of all scraping components 22, which is beneficial to improving the overall dust removal effect. The structural form of the support frame 21 is not limited to a complete ring frame; it can also adopt a segmented arc frame or a multi-strut truss structure to reduce weight and reduce flue gas flow resistance. The connection between the support frame 21 and the drive end can be either a rigid connection or an elastic connection to absorb the impact of start-up and shutdown.

[0052] The detachable connection between the scraping component 22 and the support frame 21 can be achieved by bolting, snap-fitting, or quick-connection to accommodate different maintenance needs. The number of scraping components 22 can be adjusted according to the actual number of heat exchange tubes 1. For large heat exchangers, they can be arranged in groups, with each group equipped with one set of scraping components 22 and a corresponding support frame 21, driven by an independent drive assembly 3 to achieve segmented cleaning. The inner edge contact material of the scraping component 22 can be made of wear-resistant alloy, polytetrafluoroethylene, or flexible graphite to adapt to different temperature conditions.

[0053] In some embodiments, the scraping component 22 includes a mounting base 221, a pair of elastic members 222, and a pair of semi-annular scrapers 223. The pair of elastic members 222 are connected one-to-one with the pair of semi-annular scrapers 223, and the pair of semi-annular scrapers 223 respectively surround the outer surface of the heat exchange tube 1. One end of each elastic member 222 is connected to the mounting base 221, and the other end is connected to the semi-annular scraper 223.

[0054] Specifically, see Figure 3 andFigure 4 As shown, two semi-annular scrapers 223 surround the outer surface of the heat exchange tube 1, forming a complete cleaning ring. An elastic element 222 connects the mounting base 221 and the semi-annular scraper 223, allowing the scraper to elastically displace relative to the mounting base 221 in the radial direction. When the scraper moves along the heat exchange tube 1, if the tube diameter changes due to thermal expansion and contraction, the elastic element 222 can automatically extend and retract, ensuring the scraper always adheres to the tube wall. This elastic floating design allows the scraper to adapt to tube diameter fluctuations and surface unevenness, avoiding tube wall damage or scraper jamming that could result from rigid contact.

[0055] Furthermore, if the pipe diameter expands, the two scrapers that make up the scraper ring will be subjected to radial thrust from the pipe wall, causing the two scrapers to separate away from each other. The scraper drives the mounting ring on one side and the limiting plate 42 to move within the mounting groove 211. The limiting plate 42 compresses the spring, thereby ensuring that the scraper can continue to move smoothly without rigid jamming or scratching the surface of the heat exchange tube 1.

[0056] Meanwhile, if the casting dust adhering to a portion of the tube wall of heat exchanger tube 1 is extremely sticky, or if the scale formed after the high-temperature carbonization of resinous substances is of high hardness and cannot be removed in a single scraping, this elastic floating design provides effective tolerance. The scraper can temporarily retract slightly outward, preventing the entire scraper cleaning mechanism from jamming. After multiple scrapings, the scale point is eventually cleaned, maintaining the scraper's continuous and effective working capability. This ensures that heat exchanger tube 1 always operates at a high heat transfer efficiency, reducing waste heat caused by the decline in heat transfer efficiency.

[0057] For example, the elastic element 222 is not limited to a helical spring; it can also be a leaf spring, disc spring, elastic rubber ring, or pneumatic elastic bladder. The semi-annular scraper 223 is not limited to two; three or more arc-shaped scrapers can be combined to meet the cleaning requirements of large-diameter heat exchange tubes 1. The cross-sectional shape of the semi-annular scraper 223 is not limited to a rectangular cutting edge; it can also be set as a beveled cutting edge or a serrated cutting edge to improve scraping efficiency. The continuous preload provided by the elastic element 222 ensures that the scraper maintains appropriate contact pressure against the tube wall, avoiding damage to the tube wall due to excessive pressure or incomplete cleaning due to insufficient pressure. The scraper adopts a semi-annular split structure, facilitating installation and disassembly; scraper replacement can be completed without disassembling the heat exchange tubes 1.

[0058] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 As shown, the support frame 21 is provided with multiple mounting slots 211, which are spaced apart on the support frame 21. The mounting seats 221 of the multiple scraping components 22 are rotatably mounted in the mounting slots 211 via ball joints (not shown).

[0059] It should be noted that the ball joint structure allows the mounting base 221 to deflect at multiple angles relative to the support frame 21. When the heat exchange tube 1 experiences slight bending or tilting due to manufacturing errors, installation deviations, or thermal stress, the scraping component 22 can adaptively adjust its angle through the ball joint, ensuring that the axis of the semi-annular scraper 223 remains relatively parallel to the axis of the heat exchange tube 1. This guarantees uniform contact between the scraper and the tube wall, preventing excessive local wear or missed scraping caused by misalignment.

[0060] Alternatively, a universal joint or flexible joint can be used instead of a ball joint, which can also achieve multi-angle adaptive adjustment. The ball joint and the mounting groove 211 can be fitted with a clearance fit and a lock nut, which allows rotation and locking after adjustment.

[0061] The cross-sectional shape of the mounting groove 211 is not limited to a circular groove; an oblong groove or a T-shaped groove may also be used to allow the mounting base 221 to be finely adjusted in horizontal position within a limited range within the mounting groove 211, further accommodating the arrangement error of the heat exchange tube 1.

[0062] The ball joint connection enables the scraping component 22 to have an adaptive angle adjustment capability, automatically maintaining the scraper's contact with the tube wall even when the heat exchange tube 1 experiences minor deformation or installation deviation, ensuring the stability and uniformity of the cleaning effect. This floating connection method reduces the additional stress on the scraper and heat exchange tube 1 caused by structural deviations, lowering the risk of tube wall wear and scraper breakage.

[0063] In some embodiments, the device further includes a limiting component 4, which includes a limiting guide groove 41 and a limiting plate 42. The limiting guide groove 41 extends along the extension direction of the heat exchange tube 1 and is fixed to the side wall of the heat exchange box 100. One end of the limiting plate 42 is engaged in the limiting guide groove 41, and the other end is connected to the support frame 21.

[0064] Specifically, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, when the heat exchange tube 1 extends in the vertical direction, the limiting guide groove 41 extends in the vertical direction, the limiting plate 42 is locked in the limiting guide groove 41, and one end of the limiting plate 42 is connected to the support frame 21, and the other end of the limiting plate 42 is connected to the driving end of the driving assembly 3.

[0065] During operation, the support frame 21 slides within the limiting guide groove 41 via the limiting plate 42. The limiting guide groove 41 constrains the movement path of the support frame 21. The guiding mechanism ensures that the support frame 21 moves along a predetermined trajectory during reciprocating motion, preventing tilting or jamming caused by gravity or drive sway, and ensuring the relative positional accuracy of the scraping component 22 and the heat exchange tube 1.

[0066] The limiting guide groove 41 is not limited to being set on one side; it can also be set on both sides of the heat exchange box 100 to achieve symmetrical guidance, further improving stability. The fit between the limiting plate 42 and the guide groove can be either a sliding fit or a rolling fit, such as installing rollers on the limiting plate 42 to reduce frictional resistance. The limiting component 4 provides precise guidance for the movement of the support frame 21, improving the alignment accuracy between the scraping component 2 and the heat exchange tube 1, and ensuring the uniformity and stability of dust removal. The guiding structure reduces unintended contact and friction between the support frame 21 and the inner wall of the heat exchange box 100, reducing movement resistance and wear. Through the effective constraint of the limiting guide groove 41, the support frame 21 can withstand a large driving load without deviation, which is beneficial for the miniaturization design of the drive component 3.

[0067] In some embodiments, the device further includes an ash collection unit 300 located at the bottom of the heat exchange chamber 100. The bottom of the heat exchange chamber 100 has an ash outlet that communicates with the ash collection unit 300. The ash collection unit 300 includes a door component 5 and an ash collection box 6.

[0068] Specifically, see Figure 5 As shown, the door component 5 is located at the bottom of the heat exchange box 100, and the upper end of the door component 5 is selectively connected to the bottom of the heat exchange box 100. In other words, when the door component 5 is opened, the heat exchange box 100 is connected to the ash collection box 6, and when the door component 5 is closed, the heat exchange box 100 and the ash collection box 6 are two independent cavities.

[0069] The hopper door component 5 is used to open and close the ash outlet to connect the heat exchange box 100 and the ash collection box 6. During normal operation, the hopper door is closed, keeping the heat exchange box 100 sealed and maintaining a stable internal flue gas flow field. During the cleaning process, the dust scraped off falls to the vicinity of the ash outlet under gravity, and the hopper door opens, allowing the dust to fall into the ash collection box 6 for collection and temporary storage. When the hopper door is closed, the passage between the heat exchange box 100 and the ash collection box 6 is cut off, preventing backflow of flue gas and heat loss.

[0070] It should be noted that the ash collection box 6 is not limited to a rectangular shape; it can also be designed as a conical funnel to facilitate dust collection and discharge. The sealing of the hopper door and the ash outlet can use high-temperature resistant sealing strips or metal labyrinth seals. A level sensor can be installed inside the ash collection box 6 to monitor the amount of ash accumulated in real time, facilitating the scheduling of discharge.

[0071] In some embodiments, the door component 5 includes a first door 51, a second door 52, and an opening component 53. Both the first door 51 and the second door 52 are located at the ash outlet. One end of the opening component 53 extends into the ash collection box 6 and is connected to the first door 51 and the second door 52, for driving the first door 51 and the second door 52 to rotate relative to the ash collection box 6 to open and close the ash outlet.

[0072] Specifically, see Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the first door 51 and the second door 52 are symmetrically arranged in the left and right directions. The dimensions of the first door 51 and the second door 52 after they are closed are approximately the same as the outlet dimensions at the bottom of the heat exchange box 100.

[0073] Optionally, a high-temperature resistant sealing ring can be embedded around the door to improve the sealing effect between the door and the outlet of the heat exchange box 100.

[0074] In some embodiments, the opening component 53 includes a fixed frame 531, a first connecting seat 532, a second connecting seat 533, a push rod 534, and a driving member 535. The fixed end of the driving member 535 is located outside the ash collection box 6, and the driving end extends into the ash collection box 6 and is connected to the fixed frame 531. One end of the first connecting seat 532 is connected to the fixed frame 531, and the other end is pivotally connected to the first compartment door 51. One end of the second connecting seat 533 is connected to the fixed frame 531, and the other end is connected to the second compartment door 52. Two push rods 534 are located inside the ash collection box 6, respectively located below the first compartment door 51 and the second compartment door 52 and spaced apart.

[0075] See Figure 7 As shown, when the driving component 535 drives the fixed frame 531 to move downward, the fixed frame 531 drives the first compartment door 51 and the second compartment door 52 to move downward through the first connecting seat 532 and the second connecting seat 533 respectively.

[0076] It should be noted that the drive component 535 in the opening component 53 is the second drive, and the drive component 3 in the dust removal unit 200 is the first drive 31. Both the first drive 31 and the second drive can be drive devices that can provide linear reciprocating motion, such as push rods, hydraulic cylinders, air cylinders, lead screw and nut mechanisms, or rack and pinion mechanisms.

[0077] During the descent of the hopper door, its lower surface contacts the push rod 534. As the fixed frame 531 continues to move downward, the push rod 534 pushes the hopper door, forcing it to flip upward around the pivot, thereby opening the ash outlet. When the drive component 535 drives the fixed frame 531 to return to its original position, the hopper door is pulled back and pressed against the push rod 534 below by the elastic restoring force of the torsion spring 12. Finally, after passing the push rod 534, it returns to the horizontal closed state, closing the ash outlet. The drive component 535 can be a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod, and the push rod 534 can also be replaced by a cam or a ramp block.

[0078] It should be noted that the position and height of the top rod 534 can be adjusted according to the opening angle of the compartment door.

[0079] Optionally, a guide rod can be added to guide the movement of the fixed frame 531 and prevent swaying. The drive component 535 is externally mounted to avoid the influence of high temperature and dusty environments. The mechanical trigger flipping structure is simple and reliable, and can automatically complete the opening and closing operation of the compartment door without additional sensors or control systems, reducing the complexity of control and the failure rate. The interaction between the top rod 534 and the compartment door effectively utilizes gravity to achieve the flipping and opening of the compartment door, with smooth operation and minimal impact.

[0080] In some embodiments, a torsion spring 12 is provided at the pivot joint between the first compartment door 51 and the first connecting seat 532, and at the pivot joint between the second compartment door 52 and the second connecting seat 533. The torsion spring 12 is mounted on the pivot joint between the compartment door and the connecting seat, with one end of the torsion spring 12 fixed to the compartment door and the other end fixed to the connecting seat.

[0081] When the door is closed, the torsion spring 12 is pre-tensioned, providing the torque to keep the door closed. When an external driving force opens the door, the torsion spring 12 is further torsionped, storing elastic potential energy. When the external driving force is removed, the torsion spring 12 releases energy to automatically reset and close the door. The parameters of the torsion spring 12, such as wire diameter and number of coils, can be calculated and selected according to the weight of the door and the required reset speed. A limit device can be installed at the pivot point to control the maximum opening angle of the door and prevent excessive overturning. The torsion spring 12 provides the function of automatic door closing, eliminating the need for an additional power source for the door closing operation, simplifying the control system and reducing energy consumption. In emergency situations such as failure of the drive component 535 or power outage, the torsion spring 12 can still keep the door closed or automatically reset, effectively preventing dust leakage and backflow of flue gas, and improving the safety and reliability of the equipment.

[0082] In some embodiments, one end of the ash collection box 6 has an air inlet 61, which is adapted to communicate with an air source. The ash collection box 6 has an exhaust port 62 on one side wall opposite to the air inlet 61.

[0083] It should be noted that when dust accumulates to a certain amount in the dust collection box 6, the air source is activated to allow airflow into the box through the air inlet 61, carrying the dust out through the outlet 62, thus achieving automatic centralized dust collection. In addition to a blower, the air source can also be the workshop's compressed air network or a negative pressure suction system. An airflow regulating valve can be installed at the air inlet 61 to control the airflow speed. The outlet 62 can be connected to a pipeline to guide the dust to a distant or elevated collection device. A cyclone separator or bag filter can be installed at the end of the outlet 62 to prevent secondary dust generation. The shape of the dust collection box 6 can be designed as a streamlined structure to facilitate the flow of dust-laden gas. Pneumatic conveying achieves automated centralized dust discharge, eliminating the need for frequent manual cleaning of the dust collection box 6 and significantly reducing maintenance labor intensity. The airflow also cleans the dead corners inside the dust collection box 6, reducing long-term dust accumulation and caking. The outlet 62 can be connected to an external pipeline to transport the dust over long distances to a centralized collection point, which helps maintain a clean working environment.

[0084] Optionally, to effectively guide and collect dust falling from the heat exchange tube 1, a dust collection frame is fixed inside the lower end of the heat exchange box 100. The overall extension direction of the dust collection frame is consistent with the length direction of the dust outlet at the bottom of the heat exchange box 100. The dust collection frame consists of fixing rods arranged at the front and rear and guide plates 11 installed on both sides. The inclined surfaces of the guide plates 11 face the inside of the heat exchange box 100, and the two guide plates 11 are arranged opposite each other. The two guide plates 11 form a guiding surface.

[0085] The width of the lower gap of the guide surface corresponds to the width of the ash outlet at the bottom of the heat exchange box 100. When the dust scraped off from the heat exchange tube 1 falls along the inner wall of the heat exchange box 100 or falls directly, some of the dust will fall onto the inclined surface of the guide plate 11. The dust slides or rolls down the inclined surface of the guide plate 11 and eventually gathers on the guide plate at the lower gap of the ash accumulation frame. At the same time, the low-speed airflow introduced by the air inlet pipe also plays a certain auxiliary guiding role in the horizontal drift of the dust particles, further promoting the dust to concentrate on the ash accumulation frame and the guide plate, reducing the retention of dust in the dead corner at the bottom of the heat exchange box 100.

[0086] The following reference Figures 1 to 9 The operation process of the heat recovery device for casting and pouring according to an embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0087] During actual dust removal, the dust scraped off the surface of the heat exchange tube 1 by the scraper falls to the bottom of the heat exchange box 100 under gravity. The bottom of the heat exchange box 100 consists of a dust collection frame composed of two guide plates. After the scraper dust removal mechanism completes one or several dust removal cycles, the second driver is activated, and its output end retracts, causing the fixed frame 531 and the first connecting seat 532, the second connecting seat 533, the first chamber door 51, and the second chamber door 52 connected thereon to move downwards together. The first chamber door 51 and the second chamber door 52 carry the dust accumulated on the top surface into the inner cavity of the dust collection box 6. During the descent of the guide plates, the side areas of the lower end walls of the first chamber door 51 and the second chamber door 52 will come into contact with the top rod 534 fixed inside the dust collection box 6. The top rod 534 generates an upward blocking force on the lower ends of the first chamber door 51 and the second chamber door 52. As the first and second doors 51 continue to descend, they are forced to fold downwards around their pivot points, forming an inverted V-shape. Dust accumulated on the guide plate slides down this inverted shape and into the bottom of the collection frame. During the rotation of the first and second doors 51, the torsion spring 12 twists, storing elastic potential energy. After the dust has poured out, the second actuator extends again. Once the first and second doors 51 disengage from the limit rod, the restoring force of the torsion spring 12 drives them to rotate in the opposite direction, returning them to their initial state. The first and second doors 51 then reassemble into a complete receiving platform and re-embed into the outlet at the bottom of the heat exchanger 100, awaiting the next dust removal operation. By repeatedly raising and lowering the second drive, the dust at the bottom of the heat exchange box 100 can be gradually transferred to the collection frame, thus realizing the automatic dumping of the accumulated dust inside.

[0088] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0089] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0090] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0091] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0092] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0093] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat recovery device for casting and pouring, characterized in that, include: A heat exchange box is provided with a plurality of heat exchange tubes, which are distributed at intervals within the heat exchange box. A dust removal unit is provided to remove dust from the surface of the heat exchange tube. The dust removal unit includes a scraping component and a driving component. The scraping component is located inside the heat exchange chamber and is sleeved on the outside of the heat exchange tube. The fixed end of the driving component is located outside the heat exchange chamber, and the driving end of the driving component extends into the heat exchange chamber and is connected to the scraping component to drive the scraping component to move along the extension direction of the heat exchange tube to clean the surface of the heat exchange tube.

2. The heat recovery device for casting and pouring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scraping assembly includes a support frame and multiple scraping components. The driving end of the driving component is connected to the support frame. The support frame surrounds the outside of the heat exchange tube. The multiple scraping components are detachably connected to the support frame, and each of the multiple scraping components corresponds to one of the multiple heat exchange tubes. The scraping components are sleeved on the outside of the heat exchange tubes, and the inner side of the scraping components is in contact with the outer surface of the heat exchange tubes.

3. The heat recovery device for casting and pouring according to claim 2, characterized in that, The scraping component includes a mounting base, a pair of elastic elements, and a pair of semi-annular scrapers. The pair of elastic elements and the pair of semi-annular scrapers are connected in a one-to-one correspondence, and the pair of semi-annular scrapers respectively surround the outer surface of the heat exchange tube. One end of the elastic element is connected to the mounting base, and the other end of the elastic element is connected to the semi-annular scraper.

4. The heat recovery device for casting and pouring according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ring-shaped support frame is provided with multiple mounting slots, which are spaced apart on the support frame. The mounting seats of the multiple scraping components are rotatably mounted in the mounting slots via ball joints.

5. The heat recovery device for casting and pouring according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that, It also includes a limiting component, which includes a limiting guide groove and a limiting plate. The limiting guide groove extends along the extension direction of the heat exchange tube, one end of the limiting plate is engaged in the limiting groove, and the other end of the limiting plate is connected to the support frame.

6. The heat recovery device for casting and pouring according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an ash collection unit located at the bottom of the heat exchange chamber. The bottom of the heat exchange chamber has an ash outlet, which is connected to the ash collection unit. The ash collection unit includes a door component and an ash collection box. The door component is used to open and close the ash outlet to connect the heat exchange box and the ash collection box.

7. The heat recovery device for casting and pouring according to claim 6, characterized in that, The hopper door component includes a first hopper door, a second hopper door, and an opening component. Both the first hopper door and the second hopper door are located at the ash outlet. One end of the opening component extends into the ash collection box and is connected to the first hopper door and the second hopper door. The opening component is used to drive the first hopper door and the second hopper door to rotate relative to the ash collection box to open and close the ash outlet.

8. The heat recovery device for casting and pouring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The opening component includes a fixed frame, a first connecting seat, a second connecting seat, a top rod, and a driving component. The fixed end of the driving component is located outside the ash collection box, and the driving end of the driving component extends into the ash collection box and is connected to the fixed frame. One end of the first connecting seat is connected to the fixed frame, and the other end of the first connecting seat is pivotally connected to the first compartment door. One end of the second connecting seat is connected to the fixed frame, and the other end of the second connecting seat is connected to the second compartment door. The top rod is located inside the ash collection box, and there are two top rods. The two top rods are located below the first compartment door and the second compartment door, respectively, and are spaced apart.

9. The heat recovery device for casting and pouring according to claim 8, characterized in that, The pivot joint between the first compartment door and the first connecting seat, and the pivot joint between the second compartment door and the second connecting seat, are provided with torsion springs.

10. The heat recovery device for casting and pouring according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that, One end of the ash collection box has an air inlet, which is adapted to be connected to an air source, and an exhaust port is provided on the side wall of the ash collection box opposite to the air inlet.

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