A vertical shaft wall destruction section static directional breaking method

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of engineering construction technology and relates to a static directional demolition method for a damaged section of a vertical shaft wall. The method includes the following steps: Multiple control slots are opened circumferentially at the same height at the top of the damaged section of the vertical shaft wall; a charging slot is opened at equal intervals directly below each control slot on the damaged section of the vertical shaft wall; a designed quantity of expanding explosive is loaded into each charging slot; the opening of each charging slot is sealed and a grouting pipe is reserved; a designed quantity of mortar is injected into each charging slot using a grouting pump; after the expanding explosive in each charging slot fully reacts with water, it generates a non-uniform directional expansion force, which is guided by the corresponding control slot above, and through tensile and shearing action, fully fragments the concrete of the damaged section of the vertical shaft wall. This invention utilizes the fact that expanding explosives do not generate vibration during expansion, avoiding the strong vibrations and shock waves generated by traditional explosives that could damage the surrounding intact shaft wall, reducing the amount of repair work and costs, and ensuring construction safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of engineering construction technology and relates to a static directional demolition method for the damaged section of a vertical shaft wall. Background Technology

[0002] Vertical shafts are common in underground engineering projects, indispensable in underground mines, mountain tunnels, water conservancy and hydropower projects, urban underground engineering, and military defense projects. They are most prevalent in underground mines. In coal mines, vertical shafts are used for hoisting coal, personnel, materials, equipment, and ventilation. They house cages, guideways, and wiring, serving as vital arteries in coal mine production. As the main passageway for coal mine production, vertical shafts are characterized by their great depth, large cross-section, and complex hydrogeological conditions, leading to high maintenance requirements and susceptibility to damage to the shaft walls. This is especially true near the bottom of the shaft, where numerous tunnels such as gatehouses, safety passages, and pipe tunnels create complex stress environments, easily causing deformation and damage to the shaft walls, resulting in cracks and spalling. This seriously threatens the safe operation of electromechanical equipment within the shaft, endangers personal safety, and disrupts normal mine production. Therefore, when vertical shaft walls exhibit deformation, cracking, or spalling, repair is necessary.

[0003] Currently, the commonly used method for repairing vertical shaft walls is demolition-support-concrete pouring. This involves removing the damaged shaft wall, reinforcing the rock mass behind it, and then rebuilding the steel structure and pouring concrete. Demolition is the first step in the repair process, often using explosives. This involves drilling holes in the damaged section of the shaft wall, inserting explosives, and detonating them to break up and remove the damaged concrete using the detonation energy. However, the strong vibrations and shock waves generated by blasting can easily damage the surrounding intact shaft wall, leading to an expanded repair area. This not only increases the workload and cost of the repair but also poses safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a static directional demolition method for the damaged section of a vertical shaft wall, which can avoid damage to the surrounding intact shaft wall caused by strong vibrations and shock waves, reduce the amount of repair work and costs, and ensure the safety of construction.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows: A static directional demolition method for the damaged section of a vertical shaft wall includes the following steps: Define the height range of the damaged section of the vertical shaft wall, and open multiple control slots along its circumference at the same height at the top of the damaged section of the vertical shaft wall.

[0006] A charge slot is equidistantly located directly below each control slot in the section of the shaft wall that is damaged.

[0007] The designed amount of expanding explosive is loaded into each charging slot. The opening of each charging slot is sealed and a grouting pipe is reserved, so that one end of the grouting pipe is located inside the corresponding charging slot and close to the expanding explosive, and the other end of the grouting pipe is located outside the corresponding charging slot.

[0008] The grouting pump is connected to multiple grouting pipes via a hose. The grouting pump injects the designed amount of mortar into each charge slot. After the expanding explosive in each charge slot reacts fully with the water, it generates a non-uniform directional expansion force, which is guided by the corresponding control slot above. Through tensile and shear action, the concrete of the shaft wall failure section is fully broken up, completing the demolition of the shaft wall failure section.

[0009] The invention is further characterized by: Multiple control slots are evenly spaced, and all control slots have the same specifications. The distance between two adjacent control slots is 400mm to 800mm.

[0010] The width and height of each charge slot are matched to the size of the explosive cartridge.

[0011] Each control slot is set horizontally, and each charge slot is set at an angle.

[0012] The acute angle formed between each charge trough and the horizontal plane is 5° to 15°.

[0013] The depth of each control slot is the same as the thickness of the vertical shaft wall, and the depth of each charge slot is 2 / 3 of the thickness of the vertical shaft wall.

[0014] When sealing each charge slot opening, a stirring resin anchoring agent is used to seal each charge slot opening, and the stirring resin anchoring agent is in contact with the expanding explosive.

[0015] The design quantity of the expanding explosive is 8 to 15 cartridges.

[0016] The mortar is composed of water, cement and sand, with a weight ratio of water, cement and sand of 1:1:(2~3).

[0017] The designed volume of mortar is 2.5L~4.5L.

[0018] The static directional demolition method for the damaged section of a vertical shaft wall according to the present invention has the following advantages: This invention defines the height range of the failure section of the vertical shaft wall, and opens multiple control slots along its circumference at the same height at the top of the failure section. Then, a charging slot is equidistantly opened directly below each control slot within the failure section. A designed quantity of expanding explosive is loaded into each charging slot. The opening of each charging slot is sealed, and a grouting pipe is pre-installed, with one end of the grouting pipe positioned inside the corresponding charging slot and close to the expanding explosive, while the other end is positioned outside the corresponding charging slot. Finally, a grouting pump is connected to the multiple grouting pipes via a hose, and the designed quantity of grout is injected into each charging slot using the grouting pump. After the expanding explosive in each charging slot fully reacts with water, it generates a non-uniform directional expansion force. Guided by the corresponding control slot above, the concrete of the damaged section of the shaft wall is fully fragmented through tensile and shear action, completing the demolition of the damaged section of the shaft wall. This utilizes the fact that the expansion explosive does not generate vibration during expansion, avoiding the strong vibration and shock waves generated by traditional explosives that could damage the surrounding intact shaft wall, reducing the amount of repair work and costs, and ensuring construction safety. At the same time, because concrete structures have high compressive strength but low tensile and shear strength, and are considered brittle materials, the control slot set directly above the charging slot can guide the expansion force generated by the expansion explosive, so that the expansion stress acts on the most needed location and direction for demolition, avoiding the waste of expansion force caused by the compression of the concrete body. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the control tank and the charging tank in this invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the grouting structure in this invention.

[0022] Figure label: 1. Shaft wall failure section; 2. Control tank; 3. Explosive loading tank; 4. Expanding explosive; 5. Grouting pipe; 6. Control valve; 7. Stirring resin anchoring agent; 8. Hoses; 9. Grouting pump. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present invention will now be described clearly and in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise stated, " / " indicates "or," for example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in the text is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "multiple" refers to two or more. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0024] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the present invention provides a static directional demolition method for the damaged section of a vertical shaft wall, comprising the following steps: Define the height range of the damaged section 1 of the vertical shaft wall, and open multiple control slots 2 along its circumference at the same height at the uppermost part of the damaged section 1 of the vertical shaft wall.

[0025] In the vertical shaft wall failure section 1, a charge slot 3 is opened at equal intervals directly below each control slot 2.

[0026] The designed number of expanding explosives 4 are loaded into each charging slot 3. The opening of each charging slot 3 is sealed and a grouting pipe 5 is reserved, so that one end of the grouting pipe 5 is located inside the corresponding charging slot 3 and close to the expanding explosives 4, and the other end of the grouting pipe 5 is located outside the corresponding charging slot 3.

[0027] The grouting pump 9 is connected to multiple grouting pipes 5 via hose 8. The grouting pump 9 injects the designed amount of mortar into each charge tank 3. After the expanding explosive 4 in each charge tank 3 reacts fully with water, it generates a non-uniform directional expansion force, which is guided by the corresponding control tank 2 above. Through tensile and shear action, the concrete of the shaft wall failure section 1 is fully broken, and the demolition of the shaft wall failure section 1 is completed.

[0028] In summary, this invention defines the height range of the shaft wall failure section 1, and opens multiple control slots 2 at the same height at the top of the failure section 1 along its circumference. Then, a charging slot 3 is equidistantly opened directly below each control slot 2 within the failure section 1. A designed quantity of expanding explosive 4 is loaded into each charging slot 3. The opening of each charging slot 3 is sealed, and a grouting pipe 5 is reserved, with one end of the grouting pipe 5 positioned inside the corresponding charging slot 3 and close to the expanding explosive 4, while the other end of the grouting pipe 5 is positioned outside the corresponding charging slot 3. Finally, a grouting pump 9 is connected to the multiple grouting pipes 5 via a hose 8. The grouting pump 9 injects the designed amount of mortar into each charging slot 3. After the expanding explosive 4 in each charging slot 3 fully reacts with water, it produces... The non-uniform directional expansion force is guided by the corresponding control groove 2 above, and through tensile and shear action, it fully breaks up the concrete of the damaged section 1 of the shaft wall, completing the demolition of the damaged section 1 of the shaft wall. Thus, the expansion explosive 4 does not generate vibration during expansion, avoiding the strong vibration and shock wave generated by traditional explosives that could damage the surrounding intact shaft wall, reducing the amount of repair work and cost, and ensuring construction safety. At the same time, since concrete structure has high compressive strength but low tensile and shear strength, it is a brittle material. The control groove 2 set directly above the charging groove 3 can guide the expansion force generated by the expansion explosive 4, so that the expansion stress acts on the most needed position and direction for demolition, avoiding the waste of expansion force caused by the compression of concrete.

[0029] When the designed number of expanding explosives 4 are loaded into each charging slot 3, the explosive rolls of each expanding explosive 4 are neatly arranged and gently compacted with auxiliary tools, so that the expanding explosives 4 are neatly and tightly arranged in the charging slot 3. When they expand upon contact with water, they squeeze each other in the horizontal direction, so that the expansion force is entirely applied in the vertical direction, i.e., the well wall that needs to be broken. Therefore, the expansion force generated by the expanding explosives 4 exhibits obvious differences in the horizontal and numerical directions, which can provide non-uniform directional force to the surrounding rock, and the utilization rate of expansion force is greatly improved.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, multiple control slots 2 are arranged at equal intervals. The multiple control slots 2 have the same specifications. The opening of each control slot 2 is a rectangular structure, 400mm long and 50mm wide, which guides the expansion stress of the expanding explosive 4. The distance between two adjacent control slots 2 is 400mm~800mm.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, the width and height of each charge slot 3 match the size of the explosive roll 4, and the opening of each charge slot 3 is a rectangular structure, 300mm long and 40mm wide.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, each control slot 2 is set horizontally, and each charge slot 3 is set at an angle.

[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, the vertical distance between each charge slot 3 and the corresponding control slot 2 is 400mm.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, the acute angle formed between each charge trough 3 and the horizontal plane is 5°~15°.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the depth of each control slot 2 is the same as the thickness of the vertical shaft wall, and the depth of each charge slot 3 is 2 / 3 of the thickness of the vertical shaft wall.

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, when sealing the opening of each charge tank 3, the stirring resin anchoring agent 7 is used to seal the opening of each charge tank 3 and the stirring resin anchoring agent 7 is in contact with the expanding explosive 4. After the stirring resin anchoring agent 7 in each charge tank 3 solidifies and forms a high strength, the grouting pump 9 is started.

[0037] like Figure 3 As shown, each grouting pipe 5 is equipped with a control valve 6 at the end corresponding to the loading tank 3, which facilitates the opening and closing of each grouting pipe 5.

[0038] The design quantity of the expanding explosive 4 is 8 to 15 cartridges, each standard cartridge is 30mm in diameter, 200mm in length, and has a volume of approximately 140cm³.

[0039] The mortar is composed of water, cement, and sand, with a weight ratio of 1:1:(2~3). The designed volume of the mortar is 2.5L~4.5L. Low-concentration mortar is used to provide reaction water for the expanding explosive 4. The expansion force generated after reacting with water can reach more than 100MPa, far exceeding the strength of the reinforced concrete well wall, and meeting the demolition strength requirements. At the same time, the sand particles in the low-concentration mortar can fill the gaps between the expanding explosive 4 and the hole wall, the gaps between the expanding explosives 4, and the pores generated after the expanding explosive 4 expands, so that the expansion force does not "go empty" and produces a continuous effect, which can make more efficient use of the expansion force, fully act on the surrounding rock, and reduce the waste of expansion force.

[0040] The static directional demolition method for the damaged section of a vertical shaft wall according to the present invention has the following other advantages: First, the present invention uses a grouting pump to inject mortar into the charging tank, which can give full play to the role of the expanding explosive and improve the effect of the expansion force. The entire process of the expanding explosive reacting with water is completed in the charging tank, avoiding the expansion explosive from being soaked in water first and losing some of its expansion force, thus improving the effect of the expanding explosive.

[0041] Secondly, this invention arranges the cartridges of each expanding explosive neatly and gently compacts them with an auxiliary tool, so that the expanding explosives are neatly and tightly arranged in the charging trough. When they expand upon contact with water, they squeeze each other in the horizontal direction, so that the expansion force is entirely applied in the vertical direction, i.e., to the well wall that needs to be broken. Therefore, the expansion force generated by the expanding explosives exhibits obvious differences in the horizontal and numerical directions, which can provide a non-uniform directional force to the surrounding rock, and the utilization rate of the expansion force is greatly improved.

[0042] Third, this invention uses low-concentration mortar to provide reaction water for the expanding explosive. The expansion force generated after reacting with water can reach more than 100MPa, far exceeding the strength of reinforced concrete well walls, and meeting the demolition strength requirements. At the same time, the sand particles in the low-concentration mortar can fill the gaps between the expanding explosive and the hole wall, the gaps between the expanding explosives, and the pores generated after the expanding explosive expands, so that the expansion force does not "go into the void" and produces a continuous effect. This allows for more efficient use of the expansion force, fully acting on the surrounding rock and reducing the waste of expansion force.

[0043] Fourth, the expanding explosive of this invention does not generate vibration during operation, thus avoiding adverse effects on the intact well wall. At the same time, the expanding explosive is noiseless and smokeless, which improves the safety of demolition operations and the construction environment. In addition, the method is convenient to construct, safe and reliable, effective and widely applicable.

[0044] It is understood that this invention has been described through some embodiments, and those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention. Furthermore, under the teachings of this invention, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention. Therefore, this invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this invention are within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for static directional demolition of a damaged section of a vertical shaft wall, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Define the height range of the damaged section of the vertical shaft wall, and open multiple control slots along its circumference at the same height at the top of the damaged section of the vertical shaft wall. A charge slot is equidistantly located directly below each control slot in the section of the vertical shaft wall that is in the failure zone. The designed amount of expanding explosive is loaded into each charging slot. The opening of each charging slot is sealed and a grouting pipe is reserved, so that one end of the grouting pipe is located inside the corresponding charging slot and close to the expanding explosive, and the other end of the grouting pipe is located outside the corresponding charging slot. The grouting pump is connected to multiple grouting pipes via a hose. The grouting pump injects the designed amount of mortar into each charge slot. After the expanding explosive in each charge slot reacts fully with the water, it generates a non-uniform directional expansion force, which is guided by the corresponding control slot above. Through tensile and shear action, the concrete of the shaft wall failure section is fully broken up, completing the demolition of the shaft wall failure section.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The multiple control slots are arranged at equal intervals, and the multiple control slots are of the same specification. The distance between two adjacent control slots is 400mm~800mm.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The width and height of each of the charge slots are matched to the size of the explosive cartridge.

4. The static directional demolition method for the damaged section of a vertical shaft wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the control slots is set horizontally, and each of the charge slots is set at an angle.

5. The static directional demolition method for the damaged section of a vertical shaft wall according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned charge slots forms an acute angle of 5° to 15° with the horizontal plane.

6. The static directional demolition method for the damaged section of a vertical shaft wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The depth of each control slot is the same as the thickness of the shaft wall, and the depth of each charge slot is 2 / 3 of the shaft wall thickness.

7. The static directional demolition method for the damaged section of a vertical shaft wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, When sealing each charge slot opening, a stirred resin anchoring agent is used to seal each charge slot opening, and the stirred resin anchoring agent is in contact with the expanding explosive.

8. The static directional demolition method for the damaged section of a vertical shaft wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The design quantity of the expanding explosive is 8 to 15 cartridges.

9. The static directional demolition method for the damaged section of a vertical shaft wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mortar is composed of water, cement and sand, and the weight ratio of water, cement and sand is 1:1:(2~3).

10. The static directional demolition method for the damaged section of a vertical shaft wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The designed volume of the mortar is 2.5L~4.5L.

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