Energy-saving and environment-friendly destruction furnace based on hierarchical air duct regulation structure

Abstract

This invention provides an energy-saving and environmentally friendly destruction furnace based on a graded air duct control structure, relating to the field of hazardous materials destruction technology. It includes a support frame with a furnace body mounted on it. An exhaust pipe is located on the top of the furnace body. The furnace also includes an observation window, a support component, a multi-stage destruction component, a buffer component, and a feeding / discharging component. An observation window is located on the side of the furnace body, and a sealing door is bolted to the window. The sealing door can be periodically removed and installed. The support component and the multi-stage destruction component are located inside the furnace body, below the support component. The buffer component is located on the inner top wall of the furnace body. The furnace body has a feeding / discharging structure. This invention solves the technical problem in related technologies where the air supply system has a relatively simple air supply mode, making it difficult to adjust the air volume and temperature according to different explosives, resulting in poor adaptability when handling different types of explosives and affecting the safety and environmental protection of the explosive destruction process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of hazardous materials destruction technology, specifically, it relates to an energy-saving and environmentally friendly destruction furnace based on a graded air duct control structure. Background Technology

[0002] Explosives disposal is an important safety task in military, security inspection, and civilian blasting fields. Explosives, blasting materials, and detonators that have been inspected and confirmed to be deteriorated and unsuitable for continued storage and use should be disposed of promptly and must not be used or transferred. In the process of explosives disposal, the disposal of waste ammunition, pyrotechnics, and other hazardous materials has long been carried out through field operations in open areas. This method not only requires a large area of ​​safe space but also poses significant safety hazards to personnel.

[0003] Currently, the incineration method in the destruction furnace is increasingly widely used due to its strong controllability and relatively high safety. When destroying explosives, the explosives to be destroyed are first placed in the furnace. By uniformly introducing high-temperature gas at a set temperature into the furnace, the explosives can be gradually heated and eventually become ineffective, thus achieving harmless treatment.

[0004] In existing technologies, a single air supply duct and fan are typically used. In practical applications, the air is heated by a heating device and then sent into the furnace by the fan to heat the explosives. However, due to the relatively simple air supply method, it is difficult to select appropriate airflow and temperature based on different explosives. While this method can meet the basic oxygen supply requirements for combustion, it is difficult to adjust the airflow according to the physicochemical properties of different explosives. For example, TNT-type sensitive explosives require relatively low temperatures and small airflows during disposal to ensure slow combustion and prevent melting due to excessively high temperatures. Liquids may detonate due to excessive airflow, while cased munitions require relatively high temperatures and large airflows to accelerate heat transfer to the metal casing and allow the internal explosives to quickly reach their detonation temperature. Because existing air supply systems have relatively simple air supply modes, operators can usually only handle different types of explosives under relatively fixed working conditions. This may lead to an overly violent disposal process and certain safety hazards when handling sensitive explosives, while the relatively low heating efficiency of cased munitions may prolong the disposal cycle and increase energy consumption, thus affecting the safety and environmental protection of the explosive disposal process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an energy-saving and environmentally friendly destruction furnace based on a graded air duct control structure. This invention solves the technical problem in related technologies where the air supply system has a relatively simple air supply mode, making it difficult to adjust the air supply volume and temperature according to different explosives. This results in poor adaptability when handling different types of explosives, affecting the safety and environmental protection of the explosive destruction process.

[0006] At least one embodiment of the present invention provides an energy-saving and environmentally friendly destruction furnace based on a graded air duct control structure, including a support bracket, a furnace body mounted on the support bracket, an exhaust pipe mounted on the top of the furnace body, and further comprising: An observation window is provided on the side of the furnace body, and a sealing door is detachably and removably sealed on the observation window by bolts; A support assembly, disposed within the furnace body, is used to support the explosives to be destroyed; A multi-stage destruction component is installed inside the furnace. The multi-stage destruction component has a heating function and is located below the support component. The multi-stage destruction component has multi-stage air ducts. By adjusting the air supply volume and air supply temperature of different levels of air ducts, the heat field distribution inside the furnace can be changed. The destruction temperature and air volume can be adjusted during the destruction of different explosives. A buffer assembly is provided on the inner top wall of the furnace body to prevent some fragments of the explosives from splashing into the exhaust pipe when the explosives explode during the disposal process, and to buffer the impact of the airflow. The furnace body is equipped with a feeding and discharging structure for feeding the explosives to be destroyed into the furnace body and discharging the impurities after destruction from the furnace body.

[0007] To support the explosives to be destroyed, the support assembly includes: A support frame, wherein at least two support frames are spaced apart along the height direction of the furnace body inside the furnace body; Two arc-shaped grooves are symmetrically formed on each of the supporting space frames.

[0008] The two adjacent load-bearing frames are staggered at 90°, and each load-bearing frame is within the visible range of the observation window.

[0009] To control the destruction temperature and airflow, the multi-stage destruction component includes: A gas guide tube is provided. Several gas guide tubes are coaxially arranged inside the furnace body. All gas guide tubes are located at the bottom of the supporting mesh frame, and there is a gap between each gas guide tube. Connecting pieces: Several connecting pieces are fixedly arranged at equal angular intervals along the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral wall of each of the air guide tubes. Each pair of adjacent air guide tubes are fixedly connected by the corresponding connecting pieces. The outermost air guide tube is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the furnace body by the connecting pieces. A gas distribution mechanism is provided at the top of each of the gas guide cylinders to deliver high-temperature gas into the furnace body; A gas supply mechanism is used to supply gas to a plurality of the gas guide cylinders respectively.

[0010] In order to direct hot air onto the explosives inside the furnace, the gas distribution mechanism includes: An outer conical air guide frame is provided, with the outer conical air guide frame coaxially fixed at the top of each air guide cylinder; An inner conical air guide frame is provided on the top of each air guide cylinder, and the inner conical air guide frame and the outer conical air guide frame are arranged coaxially, with a gap between them. Each air guide cylinder has several air guide grooves at equal angles on its top, and the air guide grooves are located between the outer conical air guide frame and the inner conical air guide frame.

[0011] In order to supply hot air to the corresponding air duct, the air supply mechanism includes: A bellows, on which several control valves are connected at intervals; A connecting pipe is provided, and a plurality of control valves correspond one-to-one with a plurality of air guide cylinders, with a connecting pipe connecting each control valve to the air guide cylinder; A hot air blower, the output end of which is connected to the air box.

[0012] To mitigate the impact of explosions during the disposal of explosives on the exhaust pipe, the buffer assembly includes: A flow guide shroud is fixedly mounted on the inner top wall of the furnace body via a connecting frame; An arc-shaped baffle ring is coaxially arranged on the upper part of the flow guide shroud. The arc-shaped baffle ring is fixedly installed on the inner top wall of the furnace body, and there is a gap between the arc-shaped baffle ring and the flow guide shroud.

[0013] Furthermore, a mesh plate is fixedly installed on the inner top wall of the furnace body, and the mesh plate is located at the top of the arc-shaped retaining ring.

[0014] In order to deliver explosives into the furnace, the feeding and discharging assembly includes: A rotary feed valve, the output end of which is connected to a feed pipe, the feed pipe being fixedly mounted on the furnace body, and the output end of the feed pipe being located inside the furnace body; The material discharge port is provided at the bottom of the furnace body; A material discharge control mechanism is provided on the discharge port for discharging residual materials after destruction.

[0015] In order to remove the material after the explosive device has been destroyed, the feeding control mechanism includes: A closing door panel is rotatably mounted at the bottom of the discharge port, and the closing door panel is sealed to the discharge port. A driving component is rotatably disposed inside the support bracket, and the output end of the driving component is rotatably connected to the closed door panel.

[0016] 1. This invention provides an energy-saving and environmentally friendly destruction furnace based on a graded air duct control structure. Through the design of multi-stage destruction components, multiple air guide tubes are coaxially arranged inside the furnace. When explosives need to be destroyed, a hot air blower sends high-temperature air into the air box. The high-temperature gas in the air box is distributed to various control valves. Operators can open or close a control valve as needed, and can also adjust the opening degree of the control valve to control the flow rate of the high-temperature gas. The high-temperature gas enters the corresponding connecting pipe through the opened control valve, flows along the connecting pipe and enters the corresponding air guide tube, and then is discharged from the corresponding air guide slot. Based on this, operators can selectively activate different levels of air guide tubes for air supply according to different types of explosives by controlling the opening or closing state and opening degree of each control valve, thereby realizing a differentiated air supply strategy for different explosives, avoiding unnecessary excessive air supply, and helping to reduce energy consumption.

[0017] 2. The present invention provides an energy-saving and environmentally friendly destruction furnace based on a graded air duct control structure. When high-temperature gas enters the gas guide tube from the gas supply mechanism, it can be discharged outward from the gas guide groove, and then enter the gap between the outer conical gas guide frame and the inner conical gas guide frame. Both the outer conical gas guide frame 203 and the inner conical gas guide frame 204 are conical structures. The two work together to guide the flow direction of the gas, making the gas more uniform when entering the furnace body. This can prevent high-temperature gas from blowing directly onto a point of the explosive. At the same time, the top edge of the inner conical gas guide frame is inside the corresponding outer conical gas guide frame, which is used to prevent fragments and dust generated by the explosion from entering the gas guide groove, thus ensuring the long-term smooth operation of the gas distribution mechanism.

[0018] 3. The present invention provides an energy-saving and environmentally friendly destruction furnace based on a graded air duct control structure. By setting up the supporting mesh frame, the adjacent supporting mesh frames are arranged at 90° intervals, so that the hot air is blocked and changed direction by the solid part of the upper supporting mesh frame after passing through the lower supporting mesh frame, which prolongs the residence time of the hot air in the furnace body and makes the hot air diffuse more evenly in the furnace body, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency between the hot air and the explosive. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy-saving and environmentally friendly destruction furnace based on a graded air duct control structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the middle section; Figure 3 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the structure from another angle; Figure 4 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 A cross-sectional structural diagram showing the cooperation between the central support component and the buffer component; Figure 5 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the central support component; Figure 6 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 A cross-sectional structural diagram showing the combination of the central furnace body and the multi-stage destruction components; Figure 7 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the furnace body and multi-stage destruction components from another angle; Figure 8 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 A cross-sectional structural diagram of a multi-level destruction component; Figure 9 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the multi-level destruction component; Figure 10 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 A cross-sectional planar structural diagram of the buffer assembly.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Support bracket; 2. Furnace body; 3. Exhaust pipe; 4. Observation window; 5. Sealing door; 101. Load-bearing space frame; 102. Arc-shaped groove; 201. Air guide tube; 202. Connecting plate; 203. Outer conical air guide frame; 204. Inner conical air guide frame; 205. Air guide groove; 206. Air box; 207. Control valve; 208. Connecting pipe; 209. Hot air blower; 301. Draft shield; 302. Connecting frame; 303. Arc-shaped baffle ring; 304. Mesh panel; 401. Rotary feed valve; 402. Feed pipe; 403. Discharge port; 404. Closing door panel; 405. Drive component. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The specific embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this disclosure. For ease of understanding, the English abbreviations and related technical terms involved in the embodiments of this disclosure will be explained and described below.

[0023] It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments disclosed herein. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this disclosure without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0024] The terminology used in the embodiments of this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this disclosure. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” as used in the embodiments of this disclosure and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0025] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is merely a way of describing the logical relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0026] Depending on the context, the word "if" as used here can be interpreted as "when" or "when" or "in response to determination" or "in response to detection." Similarly, depending on the context, the phrase "if determination" or "if detection (of the stated condition or event)" can be interpreted as "when determination" or "in response to determination" or "when detection (of the stated condition or event)" or "in response to detection (of the stated condition or event)."

[0027] It should be understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in this disclosure are for distinguishing purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or order.

[0028] In the description of this disclosure, the terms “center,” “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “back,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” and “outer,” etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this disclosure and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and should not be construed as a limitation of this disclosure.

[0029] In the description of this disclosure, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "joining" should be interpreted broadly, for example, they can be fixed connections, detachable connections, mating connections or integral connections; those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this disclosure according to the specific circumstances.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this invention illustrates an energy-saving and environmentally friendly destruction furnace based on a graded air duct control structure, comprising a support bracket 1, a furnace body 2 mounted on the support bracket 1, a smoke exhaust pipe 3 mounted on the top of the furnace body 2, an observation window 4, a support assembly, a multi-stage destruction assembly, a buffer assembly, and a feeding / discharging assembly. The observation window 4 is located on the side of the furnace body 2, and a sealing door 5 is detachably sealed to the observation window 4 by bolts. The support assembly is disposed within the furnace body 2 to support the explosives to be destroyed. The support assembly includes a support mesh frame 101 and an arc-shaped groove 102, as shown... Figure 5 As shown, at least two support grid frames 101 are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the furnace body 2 inside the furnace body 2. Each support grid frame 101 has two symmetrical arc-shaped grooves 102. Each pair of adjacent support grid frames 101 are staggered at 90°. Each support grid frame 101 is located within the visible range of the observation window 4.

[0031] Specifically, when explosives need to be destroyed, the explosives to be destroyed are first put into the furnace body 2 through the feeding and discharging components. The explosives entering the furnace body 2 will fall onto the supporting mesh frame 101. Due to the setting of the arc-shaped groove 102, some of the explosives will fall from the arc-shaped groove 102. Since the two adjacent supporting mesh frames 101 are arranged at 90°, this staggered arrangement can make the arc-shaped grooves 102 of the upper and lower mesh frames staggered, so that the explosives will not fall into the furnace body 2 before the destruction begins.

[0032] During the destruction process, the multi-stage destruction components are activated to select appropriate airflow and temperature for different types of explosives. High-temperature air is then introduced into the furnace body 2. The hot air passes through the support mesh frame 101 to destroy the explosives. Simultaneously, the hot air is obstructed by the solid parts of the support mesh frame, changing its direction and extending its residence time within the furnace body 2. This also allows for more even distribution of the hot air. As the destruction proceeds, the explosives burn, melt, and explode, ultimately leaving behind some solid particles, dust, slag, and some metal fragments. Since each support frame 101 is within the visible range of the observation window 4, when it is necessary to deal with some of the impurities blocking the support frame 101, the operator can check the status of the explosives on each layer of support frame 101 through the observation window 4. When it is necessary to clean the residue on the support frame 101, the sealing door 5 can be removed, and the operator can clean the support frame through the opening of the observation window 4, sweeping the residue from the position of the arc groove 102 into the next level of support frame 101, and finally to the bottom of the furnace body 2, which simplifies the equipment maintenance operation process.

[0033] The multi-stage destruction assembly is installed inside the furnace body 2. This assembly has a heating function and is located below the support assembly. It features multi-stage air ducts; by adjusting the air supply volume and temperature of different stages of the air ducts, the heat field distribution within the furnace can be altered. This allows for adjustment of the destruction temperature and air volume during the destruction of different explosives. Figures 6 to 9 As shown, the multi-stage destruction assembly includes a gas guide cylinder 201, connecting plates 202, a gas distribution mechanism, and a gas supply mechanism. Several gas guide cylinders 201 are coaxially arranged inside the furnace body 2. The gas guide cylinders 201 are all located at the bottom of the supporting grid frame 101. There are gaps between each gas guide cylinder 201. Each gas guide cylinder 201 is arranged in a ring-shaped layer. Several connecting plates 202 are fixedly arranged at equal angles along the circumference on the outer peripheral wall of each gas guide cylinder 201. Each pair of adjacent gas guide cylinders 201 are fixedly connected by corresponding connecting plates 202. The outermost gas guide cylinder 201 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the furnace body 2 by connecting plates 202, thereby fixing all gas guide cylinders 201 into a whole, which facilitates the stability of the gas guide cylinders 201 under the impact of an explosion. Each gas guide cylinder 201 is provided with a gas distribution mechanism at the top for sending high-temperature gas into the furnace body 2. The gas supply mechanism is used to supply gas to several gas guide cylinders 201 respectively.

[0034] When hot air is needed to destroy the explosives inside the furnace body 2, the gas supply mechanism is first turned on to introduce high-temperature gas at the set temperature into the gas distribution mechanism. The gas distribution mechanism then introduces the high-temperature air into the corresponding gas guide tube 201 at a set flow rate. After the high-temperature gas rises in the gas guide tube 201, it heats the explosives inside the furnace body 2. For TNT-type sensitive explosives, the operator can turn on only the inner gas guide tube 201 and use a smaller air volume for gentle heating. For cased ammunition, the operator can turn on the outer gas guide tube 201 and use a larger air volume for rapid heat transfer.

[0035] In this way, the air supply cylinders 201 at different levels can work independently. Operators can select the corresponding air supply level according to the type of material to be destroyed, which makes it easier to match the needs of the material to be destroyed more accurately and avoid unnecessary excessive air supply, thereby reducing energy consumption.

[0036] The air distribution mechanism includes an outer conical air guide frame 203, an inner conical air guide frame 204, and an air guide groove 205, such as... Figures 6 to 9 As shown, each air guide cylinder 201 has an outer conical air guide frame 203 coaxially fixedly installed on its top, and an inner conical air guide frame 204 coaxially fixedly installed on its top. The inner conical air guide frame 204 and the outer conical air guide frame 203 are arranged coaxially, and there is a gap between the inner conical air guide frame 204 and the outer conical air guide frame 203. This gap allows high-temperature gas to pass through. Each air guide cylinder 201 has several air guide grooves 205 circumferentially and at equal angles on its top. The air guide grooves 205 are located between the outer conical air guide frame 203 and the inner conical air guide frame 204.

[0037] When high-temperature gas enters the gas guide cylinder 201 from the gas supply mechanism, the gas fills the gas guide cylinder 201 and flows upward. When the gas reaches the top of the gas guide cylinder 201, it is discharged outward from the gas guide groove 205. After passing through the gas guide groove 205, the gas enters the gap between the outer conical gas guide frame 203 and the inner conical gas guide frame 204. Both the outer conical gas guide frame 203 and the inner conical gas guide frame 204 have a conical structure. When used together, they can guide the flow direction of the gas. Figure 9 As shown, after the gas is discharged from the gas guide groove 205, it encounters the inclined surface of the outer conical gas guide frame 203. The inclined surface of the outer conical gas guide frame 203 guides the gas, and the gas rises and diffuses along the conical inclined surface. This makes the gas more uniform when entering the furnace body 2, and can prevent high temperature gas from blowing directly on a point of the explosive. At the same time, the top edge of the inner conical gas guide frame 204 is located inside the corresponding outer conical gas guide frame 203, which is used to prevent fragments and dust generated by the explosion from entering the gas guide groove 205.

[0038] The gas supply mechanism includes a bellows 206, a connecting pipe 208, and a hot air blower 209, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7As shown, a number of control valves 207 are connected at intervals on the air box 206. Each control valve 207 corresponds to a number of air guide tubes 201. Each control valve 207 is connected to an air guide tube 201 by a connecting pipe 208. The output end of the hot air blower 209 is connected to the air box 206.

[0039] When explosives need to be destroyed, the temperature of the hot air blower 209 is first set, and then the hot air blower 209 is turned on to generate high-temperature gas. The high-temperature gas is then introduced into the air box 206, and the high-temperature gas in the air box 206 is distributed to various control valves 207. The operator can open or close a certain control valve 207 as needed. At the same time, the opening degree of the control valve 207 can also be adjusted to control the flow rate of the high-temperature gas. The high-temperature gas enters the corresponding connecting pipe 208 through the opened control valve 207. After the gas flows along the connecting pipe 208, it enters the corresponding gas guide tube 201, and then is discharged from the corresponding gas guide groove 205.

[0040] When low temperature and low air volume are required, the operator can open only the control valve 207 corresponding to the inner air guide duct 201 while keeping other control valves 207 closed. This way, high-temperature gas is discharged only from the inner air guide duct 201, resulting in a gentle heating effect inside the furnace. When high temperature and high air volume are required, the operator can open the control valve 207 corresponding to the outer air guide duct 201, or multiple control valves 207 can be opened simultaneously. This allows high-temperature gas to be discharged from multiple air guide ducts 201 simultaneously, resulting in a strong heating effect inside the furnace. This allows for adjustment of the required air supply according to the type of explosive, avoiding problems of excessive or insufficient air volume and helping to reduce energy consumption.

[0041] A buffer assembly is installed on the inner top wall of the furnace body 2 to prevent fragments of the explosives from flying into the exhaust pipe 3 during the explosion of the explosives in the disposal process, and to buffer the impact of the airflow. The buffer assembly includes a guide hood 301 and an arc-shaped baffle ring 303, such as... Figure 10 As shown, the flow guide shroud 301 is fixedly mounted on the inner top wall of the furnace body 2 via the connecting frame 302. An arc-shaped baffle ring 303 is coaxially arranged on the upper part of the flow guide shroud 301. The arc-shaped baffle ring 303 is fixedly mounted on the inner top wall of the furnace body 2. There is a gap between the arc-shaped baffle ring 303 and the flow guide shroud 301. A mesh plate 304 is fixedly mounted on the inner top wall of the furnace body 2. The mesh plate 304 is located on top of the arc-shaped baffle ring 303.

[0042] During the disposal of explosives, when an explosion occurs, high-temperature gases and fragments rise upwards. The airflow and fragments first encounter the guide shroud 301, which directs the airflow to the inner wall of the furnace body 2. Most of the fragments are intercepted after impacting the guide shroud 301. These fragments lose kinetic energy and fall after impact. The remaining airflow bypasses the edge of the guide shroud 301 and continues to rise. The airflow is then guided and buffered a second time by the arc-shaped baffle ring 303. The airflow passes through the gap between the arc-shaped baffle ring 303 and the guide shroud 301. The arc-shaped baffle ring 303 can also block fragments flying from the side. Finally, the airflow passes through the mesh plate 304 and enters the exhaust pipe 3. The mesh plate 304 intercepts the last remaining small fragments, which not only ensures the smooth flow of the exhaust channel but also prevents the pressure inside the furnace body 2 from rising due to poor exhaust.

[0043] The furnace body 2 is equipped with a feeding and discharging structure for feeding the explosives to be destroyed into the furnace body 2 and discharging the impurities after destruction from the furnace body 2. The feeding and discharging assembly includes a rotary feed valve 401, a discharge port 403 and a discharge control mechanism. The output end of the rotary feed valve 401 is connected to a feed pipe 402. The feed pipe 402 is fixedly installed on the furnace body 2 and the output end of the feed pipe 402 is located inside the furnace body 2. The bottom of the furnace body 2 is equipped with a discharge port 403 and a discharge control mechanism is installed on the discharge port 403 for discharging the residual materials after destruction.

[0044] The material feeding control mechanism includes a closing door plate 404 and a driving component 405. The closing door plate 404 is rotatably mounted at the bottom of the material feeding port 403. The closing door plate 404 is sealed to the material feeding port 403. The driving component 405 is rotatably mounted inside the support bracket 1. The output end of the driving component 405 is rotatably connected to the closing door plate 404.

[0045] The rotary feed valve 401 is a valve capable of continuous feeding. Inside the rotary feed valve 401 is a rotatable impeller with several blades that divide the feed channel into multiple independent chambers. During operation, the impeller rotates continuously. The explosive to be destroyed enters through the inlet of the rotary feed valve 401 and falls into the chamber between adjacent blades. As the impeller rotates, the chamber carrying the explosive rotates to the outlet position. Under gravity, the explosive falls from the outlet into the feed pipe 402 and slides into the furnace body 2. Throughout the entire rotation process, the inlet and outlet of the rotary feed valve 401 are never simultaneously connected to the same chamber. This ensures that the furnace body 2 is never directly connected to the outside through the feed pipe 402, maintaining a sealed furnace body 2 while continuously feeding, thus preventing the explosive energy inside the furnace from leaking from the feed inlet.

[0046] After the explosives are destroyed, the remaining material accumulates at the bottom of the furnace body 2. At this time, the drive unit 405 is activated, which drives the closing door 404 to open. At this time, the discharge port 403 is opened, and the remaining material is discharged from the discharge port 403 under the action of gravity. After the discharge is completed, the drive unit 405 moves in the opposite direction, causing the closing door 404 to reset until the discharge port 403 closes again.

[0047] When it is necessary to destroy explosives, the explosives to be destroyed are first put into the rotary feed valve 401. The rotary feed valve 401 puts the explosives into the furnace body 2 through the feed pipe 402. The explosives entering the furnace body 2 will fall onto the supporting mesh frame 101. Due to the setting of the arc groove 102, some of the explosives will fall from the arc groove 102. Since the two adjacent supporting mesh frames 101 are arranged at 90°, this staggered arrangement can make the arc grooves 102 of the upper and lower mesh frames staggered, so that the explosives will not fall into the furnace body 2 before the destruction begins.

[0048] When explosives need to be destroyed, the temperature of the hot air blower 209 is first set, and then the hot air blower 209 is turned on to generate high-temperature gas. The high-temperature gas is then introduced into the air box 206, and the high-temperature gas in the air box 206 is distributed to various control valves 207. The operator can open or close a control valve 207 as needed. At the same time, the opening degree of the control valve 207 can also be adjusted to control the flow rate of the high-temperature gas. The high-temperature gas enters the corresponding connecting pipe 208 through the opened control valve 207. After flowing along the connecting pipe 208, the gas enters the corresponding gas guide tube 201. At this time, the gas fills the gas guide tube 201 and flows upward. When the gas reaches the top of the gas guide tube 201, the gas is discharged outward from the gas guide groove 205. The gas then enters the gap between the outer conical gas guide 203 and the inner conical gas guide 204. At this time, the gas rises and diffuses along the conical slope, which makes the gas more uniform when entering the furnace body 2 and avoids the high-temperature gas blowing directly on a single point of the explosive. Meanwhile, the top edge of the inner conical gas guide 204 is inside the corresponding outer conical gas guide 203 to prevent fragments and dust generated by the explosion from entering the gas guide groove 205. At this time, the high-temperature air is sent into the furnace body 2, and the hot air can pass through the supporting mesh frame to destroy the explosive on the supporting mesh frame 101. At the same time, the hot air will also be blocked by the solid part of the supporting mesh frame and change direction, thereby prolonging the residence time of the hot air in the furnace body 2 and making the hot air distribution more uniform.

[0049] As the destruction process proceeds, the explosives burn, melt, and explode, leaving behind some solid particles, dust, slag, and metal fragments. After the explosives are destroyed, since each support frame 101 is within the visible range of the observation window 4, when it is necessary to deal with some impurities blocking the support frame 101, the operator can check the status of the explosives on each layer of support frame 101 through the observation window 4. When it is necessary to clean the residue on the support frame 101, the sealing door 5 can be removed, and the operator can clean the support frame through the opening of the observation window 4, sweeping the residue from the arc groove 102 into the next level of support frame 101, and finally to the bottom of the furnace body 2. At this time, the drive component 405 is activated, which drives the closing door plate 404 to open. At this time, the discharge port 403 is opened, and the residual material is discharged from the discharge port 403 under the action of gravity. After the discharge is completed, the drive component 405 reverses its action, causing the closing door plate 404 to reset until the discharge port 403 closes again.

[0050] When adjusting the airflow during the disposal of different types of explosives, operators can open only the control valve 207 corresponding to the inner gas duct 201 while keeping other control valves 207 closed. This way, high-temperature gas is discharged only from the inner gas duct 201, resulting in a gentle heating effect inside the furnace. When a high-temperature, high-volume airflow is required, operators can open the control valve 207 corresponding to the outer gas duct 201, or multiple control valves 207 can be opened simultaneously. This allows high-temperature gas to be discharged from multiple gas ducts 201 at the same time, resulting in a strong heating effect inside the furnace. For example, for TNT-type sensitive explosives, operators can open only the inner gas duct 201 and use a smaller airflow for gentle heating. For cased ammunition, operators can open the outer gas duct 201 and use a larger airflow for rapid heat transfer. This allows for adjustment of the required airflow according to the type of explosive, avoiding problems of excessive or insufficient airflow and reducing energy consumption.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy-saving and environmentally friendly waste disposal furnace based on a graded air duct control structure, comprising a support bracket (1), a furnace body (2) mounted on the support bracket (1), and a smoke exhaust pipe (3) mounted on the top of the furnace body (2), characterized in that, Also includes: An observation window (4) is provided on the side of the furnace body (2), and a sealing door (5) is provided on the observation window (4) by means of bolts for detachable sealing. Supporting component, which is disposed inside the furnace body (2) for supporting the explosives to be destroyed; The multi-stage destruction component is set inside the furnace body (2). The multi-stage destruction component has a heating function. The multi-stage destruction component is located below the support component. The multi-stage destruction component has multi-stage air ducts. By adjusting the air supply volume and air supply temperature of different levels of air ducts, the heat field distribution inside the furnace can be changed. The destruction temperature and air volume can be adjusted during the destruction of different explosives. A buffer assembly is provided on the inner top wall of the furnace body (2) to prevent some fragments of the explosives from splashing into the exhaust pipe (3) when the explosives explode during the destruction process, and to buffer the impact of the airflow. The infeed and discharge assembly is provided on the furnace body (2) with an infeed and discharge structure for sending the explosives to be destroyed into the furnace body (2) and for discharging the impurities after destruction from the furnace body (2).

2. The energy-saving and environmentally friendly destruction furnace based on a graded air duct control structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support component includes: The furnace body (2) has at least two support grid frames (101) spaced apart along the height direction of the furnace body (2). Two arc-shaped grooves (102) are symmetrically provided on each of the bearing space frames (101).

3. The energy-saving and environmentally friendly destruction furnace based on a graded air duct control structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each pair of adjacent support frames (101) are staggered at 90°, and each support frame (101) is within the visible range of the observation window (4).

4. The energy-saving and environmentally friendly destruction furnace based on a graded air duct control structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The multi-level destruction component includes: A gas guide tube (201) is provided. Several gas guide tubes (201) are arranged coaxially inside the furnace body (2). Several gas guide tubes (201) are located at the bottom of the supporting grid frame (101). There is a gap between each gas guide tube (201). Connecting pieces (202): Several connecting pieces (202) are fixedly arranged at equal angles along the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral wall of each of the air guide tubes (201). Each pair of adjacent air guide tubes (201) are fixedly connected by the corresponding connecting pieces (202). The outermost air guide tube (201) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the furnace body (2) by the connecting pieces (202). Gas distribution mechanism: Each of the gas guide tubes (201) is provided with a gas distribution mechanism at its top, which is used to send high-temperature gas into the furnace body (2); A gas supply mechanism is used to supply gas to a plurality of the gas guide cylinders (201) respectively.

5. The energy-saving and environmentally friendly destruction furnace based on a graded air duct control structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The air distribution mechanism includes: An outer conical air guide frame (203) is coaxially fixedly installed on the top of each air guide cylinder (201). An inner conical air guide frame (204) is coaxially fixed at the top of each air guide cylinder (201). The inner conical air guide frame (204) and the outer conical air guide frame (203) are arranged coaxially, and there is a gap between the inner conical air guide frame (204) and the outer conical air guide frame (203). The top of each air guide cylinder (201) is provided with a number of air guide grooves (205) at equal angles in a circular shape. The air guide grooves (205) are located between the outer conical air guide frame (203) and the inner conical air guide frame (204).

6. The energy-saving and environmentally friendly destruction furnace based on a graded air duct control structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The gas supply mechanism includes: A bellows (206) is provided with a number of control valves (207) connected at intervals on the bellows (206); A connecting pipe (208) is provided, and a plurality of control valves (207) correspond one-to-one with a plurality of air guide cylinders (201). Each control valve (207) is connected to an air guide cylinder (201) by a connecting pipe (208). A hot air blower (209) is provided, the output end of which is connected to the air box (206).

7. The energy-saving and environmentally friendly destruction furnace based on a graded air duct control structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer component includes: A flow guide shroud (301) is fixedly mounted on the inner top wall of the furnace body (2) via a connecting frame (302); Arc-shaped baffle (303) is coaxially arranged on the upper part of the flow guide (301). The arc-shaped baffle (303) is fixedly installed on the inner top wall of the furnace body (2). There is a gap between the arc-shaped baffle (303) and the flow guide (301).

8. The energy-saving and environmentally friendly destruction furnace based on a graded air duct control structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, A mesh plate (304) is fixedly installed on the inner top wall of the furnace body (2), and the mesh plate (304) is located on top of the arc-shaped retaining ring (303).

9. The energy-saving and environmentally friendly destruction furnace based on a graded air duct control structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding / discharging assembly includes: A rotary feed valve (401) is provided, the output end of which is connected to a feed pipe (402). The feed pipe (402) is fixedly installed on the furnace body (2), and the output end of the feed pipe (402) is located inside the furnace body (2). The bottom of the furnace body (2) is provided with the discharge port (403). The material discharge control mechanism is provided on the discharge port (403) for discharging residual materials after destruction.

10. An energy-saving and environmentally friendly destruction furnace based on a graded air duct control structure according to claim 9, characterized in that, The material feeding control mechanism includes: A closing door panel (404) is rotatably provided at the bottom of the discharge port (403), and the closing door panel (404) is sealed to the discharge port (403); A drive unit (405) is rotatably disposed inside the support bracket (1), and the output end of the drive unit (405) is rotatably connected to the closed door panel (404).

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