A wind field simulation device and method for wind tunnel testing

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of wind tunnel simulation testing technology, and discloses a wind field simulation device and method for wind tunnel testing. The device includes a grid, which is disposed at the inlet of the wind tunnel and its plane is perpendicular to the wind direction. The grid includes multiple sets of horizontal baffles arranged at intervals along the vertical direction and multiple sets of vertical baffles arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction. Each set of horizontal baffles includes a horizontal base plate and a horizontal movable plate superimposed on the horizontal base plate. Each set of vertical baffles includes a vertical base plate and a vertical movable plate superimposed on the vertical base plate. This invention allows for independent, continuous, and precise adjustment of the grid spacing or gap by adjusting the width and distance of the horizontal and vertical baffles. It can meet the requirements of various key parameters such as grid spacing, porosity, array density, and effective height in wind tunnel simulation testing, and can be dynamically adjusted according to the target wind profile without replacing hardware, significantly improving the versatility and experimental efficiency of the wind tunnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wind tunnel simulation testing technology, and specifically to a wind field simulation device and method for wind tunnel testing. Background Technology

[0002] Simulating the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) wind field in wind tunnel experiments is a crucial prerequisite for accurately assessing wind loads and wind-induced responses of engineering structures, especially high-rise, long-span, or flexible structures. To reproduce the ABL characteristics, such as the average wind speed profile, turbulence intensity, and integral scale varying with height, within a finite-sized wind tunnel test section, passive simulation devices are typically employed, with grids being an important auxiliary tool.

[0003] A grid typically consists of a series of regularly arranged bars (such as round tubes, square steel, or angle steel), positioned vertically or obliquely at the outlet of the wind tunnel's contraction section or upstream of the test section. When the incoming flow passes through the grid, it generates numerous shear vortices and wakes downstream, thereby enhancing the turbulence intensity of the airflow and accelerating the development of the boundary layer. This anthropogenic disturbance helps to create wind speed profiles and turbulence characteristics that meet the target topographic requirements within a shorter flow development distance.

[0004] Currently, wind tunnel grids are generally installed directly and fixedly on the wind tunnel. This fixed vertical arrangement has obvious limitations: poor adjustment flexibility, making it difficult to adapt to multiple operating conditions. Traditional wind tunnel grids are usually rigidly fixed to the wind tunnel support or the exit of the contraction section by welding or bolts. Once installed, their geometry is locked. If different terrain types need to be simulated, the old grid must be completely disassembled and replaced with a new one. The process is cumbersome and time-consuming, which seriously restricts the conduct of continuous experiments in multiple scenarios. Fixed grids usually occupy a fixed area upstream of the wind tunnel and cannot be extended, raised, lowered, or removed according to the size of the experimental section model or the incoming flow requirements. Parameters such as the spacing, diameter, arrangement (orthogonal / staggered), and installation angle of the grid members directly affect the turbulence intensity, integral scale, and boundary layer development speed generated.

[0005] Therefore, with the increasing demands for accuracy and efficiency in wind field simulation, it is necessary to develop a practical adjustable grid system to achieve rapid and accurate reconstruction of ABL wind fields for different landform types, thereby improving the adaptability and repeatability of wind tunnel experiments. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a wind field simulation device and method for wind tunnel testing, which facilitates rapid and accurate reconstruction of ABL wind fields of different landform types and improves the adaptability and repeatability of the wind field simulation device.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a wind field simulation device for wind tunnel testing, including a grid, the grid being disposed at the inlet of the wind tunnel and the plane of which is perpendicular to the wind direction, the grid including multiple sets of horizontal baffles arranged at intervals along the vertical direction and multiple sets of vertical baffles arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction, the planes of the horizontal baffles and the planes of the vertical baffles being perpendicular to the wind direction. Each set of horizontal baffles includes a horizontal base plate and a horizontal movable plate stacked on the horizontal base plate, wherein the horizontal movable plate is configured to be able to translate vertically on the horizontal base plate. Each set of vertical baffles includes a vertical base plate and a vertical movable plate stacked on the vertical base plate, wherein the vertical movable plate is configured to be able to translate horizontally on the vertical base plate.

[0009] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: Each set of horizontal movable plates is configured in two groups. A first sliding groove is provided on the horizontal base plate along the vertical direction. Each set of horizontal movable plates is provided with a first limiting block that matches the first sliding groove. The first limiting block is movably disposed in the first sliding groove, and is used for the two sets of horizontal movable plates to translate towards the upper and lower sides of the horizontal base plate, respectively.

[0010] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: Each set of vertical movable plates is configured in two groups. A second sliding groove is provided on the vertical base plate along the horizontal direction. Each set of vertical movable plates is provided with a second limiting block that matches the second sliding groove. The second limiting block is movably disposed in the second sliding groove, and is used for the two sets of vertical movable plates to translate to the left and right sides of the vertical base plate, respectively.

[0011] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: Both the first and second slides are provided with a stop block, which is used to divide the first and second slides into two sections.

[0012] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: Both the first limiting block and the second limiting block are configured as gears, and both the first and second sliding grooves are provided with racks that match the gears, and the gears mesh with the racks.

[0013] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: The wind tunnel inlet has a first wind tunnel wall groove on one side in the horizontal direction and a first positioning tube on the other side in the vertical direction; One end of the horizontal baffle is movably disposed in the first wind tunnel wall groove, and the other end is slidably connected to the first positioning tube.

[0014] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: The bottom of the wind tunnel inlet is provided with a second wind tunnel wall groove, and the top of the wind tunnel inlet is provided with a second positioning tube in the horizontal direction; One end of the vertical baffle is movably installed in the second wind tunnel wall groove, and the other end is slidably connected to the second positioning tube.

[0015] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: One end of the horizontal baffle and one end of the vertical baffle are respectively provided with an adjusting gear. The first wind tunnel wall groove and the second wind tunnel wall groove are both provided with saw teeth that match the adjusting gear. The adjusting gears on the horizontal baffle and the vertical baffle respectively mesh with the saw teeth in the first wind tunnel wall groove and the second wind tunnel wall groove.

[0016] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: Both the other end of the horizontal baffle and the other end of the vertical baffle are provided with U-shaped pulleys. The U-shaped pulleys on the horizontal baffle and the vertical baffle respectively roll into contact with the first positioning tube and the second positioning tube. The first positioning tube is located between the horizontal baffle and its U-shaped pulley, and the second positioning tube is located between the vertical baffle and its U-shaped pulley.

[0017] Secondly, the present invention provides a wind field simulation method for wind tunnel testing, employing a wind field simulation device for wind tunnel testing as described above, comprising the following steps: One end of the multiple sets of horizontal baffles is installed on the first positioning tube via a U-shaped pulley, and the other end is installed in the second wind tunnel wall groove via an adjusting gear; The top ends of the multiple sets of vertical baffles are installed on the positioning tube at the top of the wind tunnel inlet via U-shaped pulleys, and the bottom ends of the vertical baffles are installed in the first wind tunnel wall groove via adjusting gears. A grid array perpendicular to the wind direction is formed by multiple sets of horizontal and vertical baffles; Based on the experimental requirements, drive the adjusting gear to adjust the spacing between the multiple sets of horizontal baffles and the spacing between the multiple sets of vertical baffles; Then drive the first and second limit blocks to adjust the width of the horizontal and vertical baffles, thereby flexibly adjusting the size of the grid gap; Maintain the positions of all horizontal and vertical baffles, and start the wind tunnel to conduct a wind field simulation test.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: 1. A wind field simulation device for wind tunnel testing, comprising a grid, the grid being disposed at the inlet of the wind tunnel and its plane being perpendicular to the wind direction; the grid comprising multiple sets of horizontal baffles spaced apart in the vertical direction and multiple sets of vertical baffles spaced apart in the horizontal direction, the planes of the horizontal baffles and the planes of the vertical baffles being perpendicular to the wind direction; each set of the horizontal baffles comprising a horizontal base plate and a horizontal movable plate stacked on the horizontal base plate, the horizontal movable plate being configured to translate vertically on the horizontal base plate; each set of the vertical baffles comprising a vertical base plate and a vertical movable plate stacked on the vertical base plate, the vertical movable plate being configured to translate horizontally on the vertical base plate. This invention divides the baffle into a stacked base plate and a movable plate. The movable plate can translate relative to the base plate, allowing for quick and convenient adjustment of the baffle width. Combined with the coordinated control of adjusting gears and U-shaped pulleys, the grid spacing or void ratio can be adjusted independently, continuously, and precisely. This meets the requirements of various key parameters in wind tunnel simulation experiments, such as grid spacing, porosity, array density, and effective height. Furthermore, it can be dynamically adjusted according to the target wind profile without requiring hardware replacement, significantly improving the versatility and experimental efficiency of wind tunnels. It is particularly suitable for multi-condition comparative studies or parameter sensitivity analysis. Compared to traditional fixed grids that require manual assembly and disassembly and have large positioning errors, this invention greatly improves adjustment accuracy and repeatability, ensuring the consistency and reliability of wind field simulations under different conditions.

[0019] 2. The horizontal and vertical baffles of this invention can be slidably retracted, minimizing flow field interference when not in use, and fully utilizing the height of the wind tunnel section when deployed, effectively expanding the simulated boundary layer thickness, thus overcoming the bottleneck of traditional bottom-mounted wedges / grids limited by the height of the experimental section. The array structure is perpendicular to the incoming flow, and with adjustable gaps, it helps to optimize turbulence generation and shear layer development, more realistically reproducing the average wind speed profile, turbulence intensity, and integral scale of the natural wind field. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of a wind field simulation device for wind tunnel testing according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Front view of a wind field simulation device used for wind tunnel testing; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the adjusting gear according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal baffle unfolding the horizontal movable plate according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is an isometric view of the vertical baffle when the vertical movable plate is unfolded according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the U-shaped pulley of the vertical baffle in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure label: 1. Grille; 11. Horizontal baffle; 111. Horizontal base plate; 112. Horizontal movable plate; 113. First slide groove; 12. Vertical baffle; 121. Vertical base plate; 122. Vertical movable plate; 123. Second slide groove; 13. Stop block; 14. Adjusting gear; 15. U-shaped pulley; 16. First positioning tube; 17. Second positioning tube; 2. Wind tunnel inlet; 21. First wind tunnel wall groove; 22. Second wind tunnel wall groove; 23. Sawtooth. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] Example: See Figures 1-6 This embodiment provides a wind field simulation device for wind tunnel testing, including a grid 1. The grid 1 is disposed at the wind tunnel inlet 2 and its plane is perpendicular to the wind direction. The grid 1 includes multiple sets of horizontal baffles 11 arranged at intervals along the vertical direction and multiple sets of vertical baffles 12 arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction. The planes of the horizontal baffles 11 and the planes of the vertical baffles 12 are both perpendicular to the wind direction. Each set of horizontal baffles 11 includes a horizontal base plate 111 and a horizontal movable plate 112 stacked on the horizontal base plate 111. The horizontal movable plate 112 is configured to be able to translate vertically on the horizontal base plate 111. Each set of vertical baffles 12 includes a vertical base plate 121 and a vertical movable plate 122 stacked on the vertical base plate 121. The vertical movable plate 122 is configured to be able to translate horizontally on the vertical base plate 121.

[0024] With the above configuration, the baffle is divided into a stacked base plate and a movable plate. The movable plate can be translated relative to the base plate, allowing both the horizontal baffle 11 and the vertical baffle 12 to slide and expand their width. The horizontal baffle 11 and the vertical baffle 12 are then slidably connected to the positioning tube via U-shaped pulleys 15. The other end is embedded in the wind tunnel wall groove via an adjusting gear 14, allowing for flexible adjustment of the spacing and gap width of the grid 1. This meets the requirements of various key parameters such as grid spacing, porosity, array density, and effective height in wind tunnel simulation experiments, and can be dynamically adjusted according to the target wind profile without replacing hardware, significantly improving the multifunctionality and experimental efficiency of the wind tunnel, especially suitable for multi-condition comparative studies or parameter sensitivity analysis. Compared with the traditional fixed grid 1, which requires manual disassembly and assembly and has large positioning errors, this invention greatly improves the adjustment accuracy and repeatability, ensuring the consistency and reliability of wind field simulation under different conditions.

[0025] Each set of horizontal movable plates 112 is configured in two groups. The horizontal base plate 111 is provided with a first sliding groove 113 along the vertical direction. Both sets of horizontal movable plates 112 are provided with a first limiting block that matches the first sliding groove 113. The first limiting block is movably disposed in the first sliding groove 113 for the two sets of horizontal movable plates 112 to translate towards the upper and lower sides of the horizontal base plate 111, respectively.

[0026] Each set of vertical movable plates 122 is configured in two groups. The vertical base plate 121 is provided with a second sliding groove 123 along the horizontal direction. Both sets of vertical movable plates 122 are provided with a second limiting block that matches the second sliding groove 123. The second limiting block is movably disposed in the second sliding groove 123 for the two sets of vertical movable plates 122 to translate to the left and right sides of the vertical base plate 121, respectively.

[0027] In this embodiment, the lower substrate is a complete alloy plate that is fixed in place and serves as a support platform or bearing surface. Slides and limiting blocks are installed at both ends to guide the upper movable plate to slide laterally. The stop block 13 is used to control the maximum unfolding width and prevent derailment. The upper movable plate assembly has slidable plates arranged symmetrically on the left and right.

[0028] The horizontal baffle 11 and vertical baffle 12 in this embodiment can be slidably retracted, minimizing flow field interference when not in use, and fully utilizing the height of the wind tunnel section when deployed, effectively expanding the simulated boundary layer thickness and overcoming the bottleneck of traditional bottom-mounted wedges / grids 1 being limited by the height of the experimental section. The array structure is perpendicular to the incoming flow, and with adjustable gaps, it helps to optimize turbulence generation and shear layer development, more realistically reproducing the average wind speed profile, turbulence intensity, and integral scale of the natural wind field.

[0029] Both the first slide 113 and the second slide 123 are provided with a stop 13, which is used to divide the first slide 113 and the second slide 123 into two sections. By limiting the movable plate by the middle stop 13, the maximum unfolding width can be controlled, derailment can be prevented, and the two sets of movable plates on the same base plate can move independently without interfering with each other.

[0030] Both the first and second limiting blocks are configured as gears, and both the first and second sliding grooves 113 and 123 are equipped with racks that match the gears, and the gears mesh with the racks. This gear-rack meshing facilitates precise control of the moving distance of the limiting blocks, thereby accurately adjusting the gap of the grille 1.

[0031] The wind tunnel inlet 2 has a first wind tunnel wall groove 21 on one side along the horizontal direction and a first positioning tube 16 on the other side along the vertical direction; one end of the horizontal baffle 11 is movably set in the first wind tunnel wall groove 21, and the other end is slidably connected to the first positioning tube 16.

[0032] The bottom of the wind tunnel inlet 2 is provided with a second wind tunnel wall groove 22, and the top of the wind tunnel inlet 2 is provided with a second positioning tube 17 in the horizontal direction; one end of the vertical baffle 12 is movably set in the second wind tunnel wall groove 22, and the other end is slidably connected to the second positioning tube 17.

[0033] The above settings enable the horizontal baffle 11 and the vertical baffle 12 to be movable, facilitating quick and large-scale adjustment of the spacing between the vertical baffle 12 or between the horizontal baffle 11, thereby improving the convenience and efficiency of device adjustment.

[0034] One end of the horizontal baffle 11 and one end of the vertical baffle 12 are respectively provided with a rotating shaft. The adjusting gear 14 is rotatably mounted on the rotating shaft through a bearing. The first wind tunnel wall groove 21 and the second wind tunnel wall groove 22 are both provided with serrations 23 that match the adjusting gear 14. The adjusting gear 14 on the horizontal baffle 11 and the vertical baffle 12 respectively meshes with the serrations 23 in the first wind tunnel wall groove 21 and the second wind tunnel wall groove 22.

[0035] The horizontal baffle 11 and the vertical baffle 12 are moved by the sawtooth 23 and the adjusting gear 14, which facilitates the quantitative movement of the horizontal baffle 11 and the vertical baffle 12, ensuring the accuracy of the grid spacing adjustment and improving the reliability of the wind tunnel test device during simulation tests.

[0036] The other end of the horizontal baffle 11 and the other end of the vertical baffle 12 are each provided with a U-shaped pulley 15. The U-shaped pulleys 15 on the horizontal baffle 11 and the vertical baffle 12 respectively roll in contact with the first positioning tube 16 and the second positioning tube 17. The first positioning tube 16 is located between the horizontal baffle 11 and its U-shaped pulley 15, and the second positioning tube 17 is located between the vertical baffle 12 and its U-shaped pulley 15.

[0037] The U-shaped pulley 15 ensures smooth movement of the horizontal baffle 11 and the vertical baffle 12. Simultaneously, the U-shape helps to fix the angles of the horizontal baffle 11 and the vertical baffle 12, ensuring the plate surface is perpendicular to the windward direction while allowing the baffles to slide smoothly. In this embodiment, the first positioning tube 16 and the second positioning tube 17 are steel pipes with a circular cross-section that match the U-shaped pulley 15.

[0038] Secondly, this embodiment also provides a wind field simulation method for wind tunnel testing, employing a wind field simulation device for wind tunnel testing as described above, including the following steps: One end of the multiple sets of horizontal baffles 11 is installed on the first positioning tube 16 via a U-shaped pulley 15, and the other end is installed in the second wind tunnel wall groove 22 via an adjusting gear 14; The top ends of the multiple sets of vertical baffles 12 are installed on the positioning tube at the top of the wind tunnel inlet 2 via U-shaped pulleys 15, and the bottom ends of the vertical baffles 12 are installed in the first wind tunnel wall groove 21 via adjusting gears 14. A grid 1 perpendicular to the wind direction is formed by a linear array of multiple sets of horizontal baffles 11 and vertical baffles 12; Based on the experimental requirements, drive the adjusting gear 14 to adjust the spacing between multiple sets of horizontal baffles 11 and the spacing between multiple sets of vertical baffles 12; Then drive the first and second limit blocks to adjust the width of the horizontal baffle 11 and the vertical baffle 12, thereby flexibly adjusting the size of the gap in the grille 1; Maintain the positions of the horizontal baffles 11 and the vertical baffles 12, and start the wind tunnel to conduct a wind field simulation test.

[0039] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For those skilled in the art, improvements and modifications obtained without departing from the inventive concept should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind field simulation device for wind tunnel testing, comprising a grid, wherein the grid is disposed at the inlet of the wind tunnel and its plane is perpendicular to the wind direction, characterized in that, The grid includes multiple sets of horizontal baffles arranged at intervals along the vertical direction and multiple sets of vertical baffles arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction. The planes in which the horizontal baffles are located and the planes in which the vertical baffles are located are both perpendicular to the wind direction. Each set of horizontal baffles includes a horizontal base plate and a horizontal movable plate stacked on the horizontal base plate, wherein the horizontal movable plate is configured to be able to translate vertically on the horizontal base plate. Each set of vertical baffles includes a vertical base plate and a vertical movable plate stacked on the vertical base plate, wherein the vertical movable plate is configured to be able to translate horizontally on the vertical base plate.

2. The wind field simulation device for wind tunnel testing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each set of horizontal movable plates is configured in two groups. A first sliding groove is provided on the horizontal base plate along the vertical direction. Each set of horizontal movable plates is provided with a first limiting block that matches the first sliding groove. The first limiting block is movably disposed in the first sliding groove, and is used for the two sets of horizontal movable plates to translate towards the upper and lower sides of the horizontal base plate, respectively.

3. The wind field simulation device for wind tunnel testing according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each set of vertical movable plates is configured in two groups. A second sliding groove is provided on the vertical base plate along the horizontal direction. Each set of vertical movable plates is provided with a second limiting block that matches the second sliding groove. The second limiting block is movably disposed in the second sliding groove, and is used for the two sets of vertical movable plates to translate to the left and right sides of the vertical base plate, respectively.

4. The wind field simulation device for wind tunnel testing according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both the first and second slides are provided with a stop block, which is used to divide the first and second slides into two sections.

5. The wind field simulation device for wind tunnel testing according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both the first limiting block and the second limiting block are configured as gears, and both the first and second sliding grooves are provided with racks that match the gears, and the gears mesh with the racks.

6. The wind field simulation device for wind tunnel testing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wind tunnel inlet has a first wind tunnel wall groove on one side in the horizontal direction and a first positioning tube on the other side in the vertical direction; One end of the horizontal baffle is movably disposed in the first wind tunnel wall groove, and the other end is slidably connected to the first positioning tube.

7. The wind field simulation device for wind tunnel testing according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bottom of the wind tunnel inlet is provided with a second wind tunnel wall groove, and the top of the wind tunnel inlet is provided with a second positioning tube in the horizontal direction; One end of the vertical baffle is movably installed in the second wind tunnel wall groove, and the other end is slidably connected to the second positioning tube.

8. The wind field simulation device for wind tunnel testing according to claim 7, characterized in that, One end of the horizontal baffle and one end of the vertical baffle are respectively provided with an adjusting gear. The first wind tunnel wall groove and the second wind tunnel wall groove are both provided with saw teeth that match the adjusting gear. The adjusting gears on the horizontal baffle and the vertical baffle respectively mesh with the saw teeth in the first wind tunnel wall groove and the second wind tunnel wall groove.

9. The wind field simulation device for wind tunnel testing according to claim 8, characterized in that, Both the other end of the horizontal baffle and the other end of the vertical baffle are provided with U-shaped pulleys. The U-shaped pulleys on the horizontal baffle and the vertical baffle respectively roll into contact with the first positioning tube and the second positioning tube. The first positioning tube is located between the horizontal baffle and its U-shaped pulley, and the second positioning tube is located between the vertical baffle and its U-shaped pulley.

10. A wind field simulation method for wind tunnel testing, employing a wind field simulation device for wind tunnel testing as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: One end of the multiple sets of horizontal baffles is installed on the first positioning tube via a U-shaped pulley, and the other end is installed in the second wind tunnel wall groove via an adjusting gear; The top ends of the multiple sets of vertical baffles are installed on the positioning tube at the top of the wind tunnel inlet via U-shaped pulleys, and the bottom ends of the vertical baffles are installed in the first wind tunnel wall groove via adjusting gears. A grid array perpendicular to the wind direction is formed by multiple sets of horizontal and vertical baffles; Based on the experimental requirements, drive the adjusting gear to adjust the spacing between the multiple sets of horizontal baffles and the spacing between the multiple sets of vertical baffles; Then drive the first and second limit blocks to adjust the width of the horizontal and vertical baffles, thereby flexibly adjusting the size of the grid gap; Maintain the positions of all horizontal and vertical baffles, and start the wind tunnel to conduct a wind field simulation test.

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