Adaptive control method and device system of self-powered intelligent electrochromic assembly

Abstract

The application relates to a self-adaptive control method and device system of a self-powered intelligent electrochromic component, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, integrating an integrated self-powered electrochromic component comprising a solar cell and an electrochromic device; S2, using the electric energy generated by the solar cell in step S1 to power the electrochromic device and store the electric energy; S3, testing real-time data by using a plurality of environment sensors, dynamically optimizing and calculating the real-time data and user data to obtain an optimized control instruction to regulate the voltage and / or current of the electrochromic device, so as to control the optical state of the electrochromic device. The self-adaptive control method and device system provided by the application can realize integrated self-power supply and efficient intelligent self-adaptive control, break through the installation and application limit, and maximize the energy-saving and comfortable benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrochromic device technology, specifically to an adaptive control method and device system for a self-powered intelligent electrochromic component. Background Technology

[0002] Electrochromic smart windows represent an important direction for building energy conservation. Current adaptive control systems for electrochromic smart windows mostly employ simple manual or timed on / off control, failing to dynamically optimize and adjust based on real-time changes in outdoor light and temperature. This results in the energy-saving potential not being fully realized, leading to a poor user experience.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, existing adaptive control systems fall into two categories: external discrete systems and simple light-sensing driven systems. External discrete systems primarily involve mounting a conventional silicon-based solar panel near the window (such as in the window frame or on the exterior wall), connecting it via wires to a separate battery and controller, which then powers the electrochromic glass. However, this system suffers from geographical and structural separation in power generation, energy storage, and color-changing processes, resulting in a bulky, unsightly, and poorly integrated system with energy transmission losses and overall low efficiency. Simple light-sensing driven systems mainly involve adding a photoresistor to the electrochromic window. When ambient light exceeds a threshold, the circuit is directly activated, causing the window to color. While this system achieves preliminary adaptation, its control logic is crude (either on or off), lacking smooth adjustment and multi-strategy optimization. It also lacks comprehensive consideration of multiple parameters such as temperature and human comfort, and still requires external power.

[0004] It is evident that existing adaptive control systems face two major technical bottlenecks: Firstly, there are issues with external power supply and wiring costs. Large electrochromic glass used in existing buildings or automobiles requires an external power source, leading to complex installation structures, high wiring costs, and significant obstacles when retrofitting existing buildings, severely limiting its market penetration. Secondly, there are problems with simplistic control strategies and insufficient energy efficiency optimization. Existing systems mostly employ simple manual or timed switching controls, unable to dynamically optimize and adjust based on real-time changes in outdoor light, temperature, and other environmental factors, resulting in underutilization of energy-saving potential and a poor user experience.

[0005] Therefore, providing an adaptive control system and control method that can extract energy from the working environment and achieve fully automatic, efficient and intelligent regulation based on environmental perception is a technical problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the above problems, the present invention aims to provide an adaptive control method and device system for a self-powered intelligent electrochromic component. Compared with the prior art, the adaptive control method and device system provided by the present invention can achieve integrated self-powering and efficient intelligent adaptive control, breaking through its installation and application limitations, and maximizing energy saving and comfort benefits.

[0007] To achieve this objective, the present invention employs the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides an adaptive control method for a self-powered intelligent electrochromic component, the method comprising the following steps: S1, an integrated self-powered electrochromic module that includes solar cells and electrochromic devices; S2, using the electrical energy generated by the solar cell described in step S1 to power the electrochromic device and store the electrical energy; S3, using multiple environmental sensors to test real-time data, dynamically optimizing the real-time data and user data to obtain optimized control commands to regulate the voltage and / or current of the electrochromic device, thereby controlling the optical state of the electrochromic device.

[0008] In this invention, an integrated self-powered electrochromic component can generate electricity from an integrated solar cell without relying on an external power grid. This electricity is converted from ambient light energy and stored to meet the system's operational needs. Simultaneously, multiple environmental sensors collect environmental parameters (such as light intensity, spectrum, and temperature) or user data (user-preset data and / or interactive data). The built-in algorithm performs dynamic optimization calculations to obtain optimized control commands that regulate the current and / or voltage of the electrochromic device, switching it to the most suitable optical state (transmittance, reflectance, color depth, etc.).

[0009] Preferably, step S1 specifically includes the following steps: S11 provides a transparent substrate; S12, a semi-transparent thin-film solar cell is deposited on the surface of the transparent substrate described in step S11 using a magnetron sputtering process; S13, in step S12, an electrochromic device is bonded to the surface of the semi-transparent thin-film solar cell through a transparent conductive adhesive layer. The semi-transparent thin-film solar cell and the electrochromic device are both transparent to light, and the semi-transparent thin-film solar cell and the electrochromic device are connected in series through a circuit.

[0010] Preferably, the transparent substrate in step S11 comprises ultra-white glass.

[0011] Preferably, the semi-transparent thin-film solar cell in step S12 includes an amorphous silicon / microcrystalline silicon tandem cell or a perovskite solar cell.

[0012] Preferably, the average visible light transmittance of the semi-transparent thin-film solar cell is 20% to 40%, for example, it can be 20%, 25%, 30%, 35% or 40%, but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the range are also applicable.

[0013] Preferably, step S2 specifically includes: using a maximum power point tracking algorithm to draw power from the solar cell described in step S1, using a programmable voltage or current output control method to power the electrochromic device, and storing excess energy; when there is no light, the excess energy is used to power the device.

[0014] Preferably, the multiple environmental sensors in step S3 include any one or a combination of at least two of the following: a light sensor, an infrared temperature sensor, or an indoor personnel sensor.

[0015] Preferably, the real-time data includes any one or a combination of at least two of light intensity, spectrum, temperature, or infrared radiation.

[0016] Preferably, the optical state of the electrochromic device includes any one or a combination of at least two of transmittance, reflectance, or tinting depth.

[0017] Preferably, the data used in the dynamic optimization calculation in step S3 further includes historical operating status data of the electrochromic device stored in the cloud and / or updated optimization strategies obtained by cloud-based energy efficiency analysis and strategy optimization based on the historical operating status data.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an adaptive control device system for a self-powered intelligent electrochromic component, the device system being used for the adaptive control method of the self-powered intelligent electrochromic component as described in the first aspect of the present invention; the device system includes: An energy supply and execution system for powering and storing electrical energy from solar cells to electrochromic devices; An environmental perception and intelligent decision-making system is used to test real-time data using multiple environmental sensors, dynamically optimize the real-time data and user data to obtain optimized control commands, and send them to the energy supply and execution system to regulate the voltage and / or current of the electrochromic device, thereby controlling the optical state of the electrochromic device.

[0019] In this invention, by cooperating with the energy supply and execution system and the environmental perception and intelligent decision-making system, fully automatic, efficient and intelligent regulation can be achieved based on real-time environmental perception.

[0020] Preferably, the energy supply and execution system includes an energy management module, a solar cell, and an electrochromic device; the energy management module is used to power the electrochromic device with the electrical energy generated by the solar cell and store the electrical energy, as well as to regulate the voltage and / or current of the electrochromic device, thereby controlling the optical state of the electrochromic device.

[0021] Preferably, the energy management module includes a maximum power point tracking unit, an energy storage unit, and a programmable voltage / current output unit; the maximum power point tracking unit is used to draw power from the solar cell using a maximum power point tracking algorithm; the energy storage unit is used to store electrical energy; and the programmable voltage / current output unit is used to supply power to the electrochromic device using a programmable voltage or current output control method.

[0022] In this invention, the maximum power point tracking unit can ensure efficient power extraction from the solar cell.

[0023] In this invention, the energy storage unit uses a solid-state thin-film lithium battery or a supercapacitor to store excess energy and power the system in the absence of light (such as at night).

[0024] In this invention, the programmable voltage / current output unit provides a precise and stable driving signal for the electrochromic device, thereby controlling the current and / or voltage of the electrochromic device.

[0025] Preferably, the environmental perception and intelligent decision-making system includes a sensor module, an embedded microcontroller module, and a user preset and interaction module; the sensor module is used to test real-time data; the user preset and interaction module is used to provide user data; and the embedded microcontroller module is used to perform dynamic optimization calculations based on real-time data and user data to obtain optimized control commands.

[0026] In this invention, the algorithm used for dynamic optimization calculation is embedded in the microcontroller module, and conventional algorithms in the field, such as adaptive fuzzy control algorithm or model predictive control algorithm, can be adopted.

[0027] Preferably, the device system further includes a cloud service system for providing historical operating status data or updated optimization strategies; the cloud service system includes an operating status data acquisition module, a data uplink module, a cloud energy efficiency analysis and strategy optimization module, and a strategy downlink update module; the operating status data acquisition module is used to acquire historical operating status data of the electrochromic device; the data uplink module is used to upload data to the cloud energy efficiency analysis and strategy optimization module; the cloud energy efficiency analysis and strategy optimization module is used to perform cloud energy efficiency analysis and strategy optimization based on the operating status data to generate updated optimization strategies; the strategy downlink update module is used to transmit the updated optimization strategies.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention adopts an integrated self-powered electrochromic component that integrates solar cells and electrochromic devices, which can draw power from solar cells and store it to form a self-consistent energy system that does not need to draw power from the outside, achieving zero wiring and immediate use, reducing the difficulty of large-scale installation.

[0029] (2) The present invention performs dynamic optimization calculations based on real-time collected light intensity, ambient temperature and human presence signals to obtain optimized control commands to regulate the voltage and / or current of the electrochromic device, thereby controlling the optical state of the electrochromic device and driving the electrochromic device to switch to the optimal light transmission state, maximizing energy-saving benefits while ensuring indoor light and heat comfort. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the device system provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention will be further illustrated below through specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments described are merely illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention in any way.

[0032] The numerical range described in this invention includes not only the point values ​​listed above, but also any point values ​​within the numerical ranges not listed above. Due to space limitations and for the sake of brevity, this invention will not exhaustively list all the specific point values ​​included in the range.

[0033] Example 1 This embodiment provides an adaptive control method for a self-powered intelligent electrochromic component, the method comprising the following steps: S1 is an integrated self-powered electrochromic module that combines solar cells and electrochromic devices.

[0034] Specifically, it includes the following steps: S11 provides ultra-white glass with a transparent substrate.

[0035] S12, a semi-transparent thin-film solar cell is deposited on the surface of the transparent substrate in step S11 using a magnetron sputtering process. The semi-transparent thin-film solar cell includes an amorphous silicon / microcrystalline silicon tandem cell or a perovskite solar cell, with an average visible light transmittance of 20% to 40%.

[0036] S13, in step S12, an electrochromic device is bonded to the surface of the semi-transparent thin-film solar cell through a transparent conductive adhesive layer. The semi-transparent thin-film solar cell and the electrochromic device are both transparent to light, and the semi-transparent thin-film solar cell and the electrochromic device are connected in series through a circuit.

[0037] In this embodiment, a semi-transparent thin-film solar cell and an electrochromic device are integrated into a single component through a transparent conductive adhesive layer, achieving deep integration of power generation and color-changing functions in terms of physics and energy flow.

[0038] S2, the electrical energy generated by the solar cell described in step S1 is used to power the electrochromic device and store the electrical energy.

[0039] Specifically, the maximum power point tracking algorithm is used to draw power from the solar cell described in step S1, and a programmable voltage or current output control method is used to power the electrochromic device and store excess energy; when there is no light, the excess energy is used to power the device.

[0040] S3, using multiple environmental sensors to test real-time data, dynamically optimizing the real-time data and user data to obtain optimized control commands to regulate the voltage and / or current of the electrochromic device, thereby controlling the optical state of the electrochromic device.

[0041] Specifically, the multiple environmental sensors include any one or a combination of at least two of light sensors, infrared temperature sensors, or indoor personnel sensors; the real-time data includes any one or a combination of at least two of light intensity, spectrum, temperature, or infrared radiation; the optical state of the electrochromic device includes any one or a combination of at least two of transmittance, reflectance, or tinting depth; and the data used in the dynamic optimization calculation also includes historical operating status data of the electrochromic device stored in the cloud and / or updated optimization strategies obtained by cloud-based energy efficiency analysis and strategy optimization based on the historical operating status data.

[0042] In this embodiment, when in daytime mode, the solar cell converts light energy into electrical energy, a portion of which directly drives the electrochromic device to change color, while the excess is stored. Dynamic optimization calculations adjust the transmittance, reflectance, or color depth of the electrochromic device in real time according to environmental changes.

[0043] In this embodiment, when in night mode, the stored electrical energy is released to maintain the operation of the electrochromic device, and the state of the electrochromic device, such as transmittance, reflectance, or color depth, can be adjusted in real time according to environmental changes and user preset strategies (such as privacy mode).

[0044] In this embodiment, the dynamic optimization calculation adopts an adaptive fuzzy control or model predictive control algorithm, which can combine user preset data such as preset optimization targets (specifically such as "lowest total energy consumption throughout the year" or "indoor glare probability <5%)) to dynamically solve the optimal transmittance, reflectance or coloring depth of the electrochromic device at the current moment, and output optimization control commands to regulate the voltage and / or current of the electrochromic device, thereby controlling the optical state of the electrochromic device.

[0045] Example 2 This embodiment provides an adaptive control device system for a self-powered intelligent electrochromic component, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the device system includes an energy supply and execution system 1, an environmental perception and intelligent decision-making system 2, and a cloud service system 3.

[0046] The energy supply and execution system 1 is used to power the electrochromic device 13 and store electrical energy using the electrical energy generated by the solar cell 11.

[0047] Specifically, the energy supply and execution system 1 includes an energy management module 12, a solar cell 11, and an electrochromic device 13. The energy management module 12 is used to supply power to the electrochromic device 13 and store electrical energy using the electrical energy generated by the solar cell 11, and to regulate the voltage and / or current of the electrochromic device 13, thereby controlling the optical state of the electrochromic device 13.

[0048] Specifically, the energy management module 12 includes a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) unit 121, an energy storage unit 122, and a programmable voltage / current output unit 123. The MPPT unit 121 is used to draw power from the solar cell 11 using a MPPT algorithm. The energy storage unit 122 is used to store electrical energy. The programmable voltage / current output unit 123 is used to supply power to the electrochromic device 13 using a programmable voltage or current output control method. The energy management module 12 can be integrated into the edge of an integrated self-powered electrochromic assembly.

[0049] The environmental perception and intelligent decision-making system 2 is used to test real-time data using multiple environmental sensors, perform dynamic optimization calculations on the real-time data and user data, obtain optimized control commands, and send them to the energy supply and execution system 1 to regulate the voltage and / or current of the electrochromic device 13, thereby controlling the optical state of the electrochromic device 13.

[0050] Specifically, the environmental perception and intelligent decision-making system 2 includes a sensor module 21, an embedded microcontroller module 23, and a user preset and interaction module 22; the sensor module 21 is used to test real-time data; the user preset and interaction module 22 is used to provide user data; and the embedded microcontroller module 23 is used to perform dynamic optimization calculations based on real-time data and user data to obtain optimized control commands.

[0051] Cloud service system 3 is used to provide historical operating status data or update and optimization strategies.

[0052] Specifically, the cloud service system 3 includes an operation status data acquisition module 31, a data uplink module 32, a cloud energy efficiency analysis and strategy optimization module 33, and a strategy downlink update module 34; the operation status data acquisition module 31 is used to acquire historical operation status data of the electrochromic device 13; the data uplink module 32 is used to upload data to the cloud energy efficiency analysis and strategy optimization module 33; the cloud energy efficiency analysis and strategy optimization module 33 is used to perform cloud energy efficiency analysis and strategy optimization based on the operation status data to generate updated optimization strategies; and the strategy downlink update module 34 is used to transmit the updated optimization strategies.

[0053] In summary, the adaptive control method and device system provided by this invention can achieve integrated self-powering and efficient intelligent adaptive control, breaking through its installation and application limitations and maximizing energy saving and comfort benefits.

[0054] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention fall within the protection and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive control method for a self-powered intelligent electrochromic component, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1, an integrated self-powered electrochromic module that includes solar cells and electrochromic devices; S2, using the electrical energy generated by the solar cell described in step S1 to power the electrochromic device and store the electrical energy; S3, using multiple environmental sensors to test real-time data, dynamically optimizing the real-time data and user data to obtain optimized control commands to regulate the voltage and / or current of the electrochromic device, thereby controlling the optical state of the electrochromic device.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 specifically includes the following steps: S11 provides a transparent substrate; S12, a semi-transparent thin-film solar cell is deposited on the surface of the transparent substrate described in step S11 using a magnetron sputtering process; S13, In step S12, an electrochromic device is bonded to the surface of the semi-transparent thin-film solar cell through a transparent conductive adhesive layer. The semi-transparent thin-film solar cell and the electrochromic device both transmit light, and the semi-transparent thin-film solar cell and the electrochromic device are connected in series through a circuit. Preferably, the transparent substrate in step S11 comprises ultra-white glass; Preferably, the semi-transparent thin-film solar cell in step S12 includes an amorphous silicon / microcrystalline silicon tandem cell or a perovskite solar cell; Preferably, the average visible light transmittance of the semi-transparent thin-film solar cell is 20% to 40%.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Step S2 specifically includes: using a maximum power point tracking algorithm to draw power from the solar cell described in step S1, using a programmable voltage or current output control method to power the electrochromic device, and storing excess energy; when there is no light, the excess energy is used to power the device.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The multiple environmental sensors mentioned in step S3 include any one or a combination of at least two of the following: a light sensor, an infrared temperature sensor, or an indoor occupant sensor. Preferably, the real-time data includes any one or a combination of at least two of light intensity, spectrum, temperature, or infrared radiation; Preferably, the optical state of the electrochromic device includes any one or a combination of at least two of transmittance, reflectance, or tinting depth.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The data used in the dynamic optimization calculation in step S3 also includes historical operating status data of the electrochromic device stored in the cloud and / or updated optimization strategies obtained by cloud-based energy efficiency analysis and strategy optimization based on the historical operating status data.

6. An adaptive control device system for a self-powered intelligent electrochromic component, characterized in that, The device system is used in the adaptive control method of the self-powered intelligent electrochromic component as described in any one of claims 1 to 5; the device system comprises: An energy supply and execution system for powering and storing electrical energy from solar cells to electrochromic devices; An environmental perception and intelligent decision-making system is used to test real-time data using multiple environmental sensors, dynamically optimize the real-time data and user data to obtain optimized control commands, and send them to the energy supply and execution system to regulate the voltage and / or current of the electrochromic device, thereby controlling the optical state of the electrochromic device.

7. The apparatus system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The energy supply and execution system includes an energy management module, solar cells, and electrochromic devices; The energy management module is used to power and store electrical energy for the electrochromic device using electrical energy generated by the solar cell, and to regulate the voltage and / or current of the electrochromic device, thereby controlling the optical state of the electrochromic device.

8. The apparatus system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The energy management module includes a maximum power point tracking unit, an energy storage unit, and a programmable voltage / current output unit; The maximum power point tracking unit is used to draw power from the solar cell using a maximum power point tracking algorithm; The energy storage unit is used to store electrical energy; The programmable voltage / current output unit is used to power the electrochromic device using a programmable voltage or current output control method.

9. The apparatus system according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that, The environmental perception and intelligent decision-making system includes a sensor module, an embedded microcontroller module, and a user preset and interaction module. The sensor module is used to test real-time data; The user preset and interaction module is used to provide user data; The embedded microcontroller module is used to perform dynamic optimization calculations based on real-time data and user data to obtain optimized control commands.

10. The apparatus system according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that, The device system also includes a cloud service system for providing historical operating status data or updating and optimizing strategies; The cloud service system includes a running status data acquisition module, a data uplink module, a cloud energy efficiency analysis and strategy optimization module, and a strategy downlink update module; The operating status data acquisition module is used to acquire historical operating status data of the electrochromic device; The data uplink module is used to upload data to the cloud-based energy efficiency analysis and strategy optimization module; The cloud-based energy efficiency analysis and strategy optimization module is used to perform cloud-based energy efficiency analysis and strategy optimization based on operating status data to generate updated optimization strategies; The strategy downlink update module is used to deliver updated and optimized strategies.

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