A smart watch and a control system thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of wearable smart devices, and particularly relates to a smart watch and a control system thereof, which comprises a bezel assembly, a magnet recognition assembly, a 3D Hall sensor assembly and a control system assembly; the bezel assembly comprises a bezel body and a stepless rotating structure; the magnet recognition assembly comprises a magnet one, a magnet two, a magnet three and a magnet four, the four magnets are evenly and spacedly embedded in the bezel body along the circumferential direction, and the magnetic poles of each magnet are alternately arranged with the north pole upward and the south pole upward; the 3D Hall sensor is fixedly arranged in the watch case, and collects the magnetic field components in three orthogonal directions in space generated by the magnet passing through the sensing area thereof; the control system assembly comprises a signal processing unit, a magnetic pole recognition unit and a function triggering unit; by adopting the above technical scheme, the application realizes the fine definition of the bezel rotating interaction function, and significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of the magnetic pole recognition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of wearable smart devices, specifically a smartwatch and its control system. Background Technology

[0002] As a mainstream wearable smart device, smartwatches are widely used in many scenarios such as health monitoring, sports assistance, daily interaction, and mobile payment. The bezel rotation interaction has the advantages of intuitive operation and ergonomic design, and is the core interaction method of smartwatches. The accurate detection capability of the bezel rotation state directly determines the precision of device interaction and user experience, and is a key research direction for the optimization and upgrading of wearable interaction technology.

[0003] Existing smartwatch bezel rotation detection technologies encompass a variety of solutions, including mechanical pressing, optical detection, capacitive sensing, unipolar magnetic induction, and conventional 3D Hall effect sensing. These technologies enable basic recognition of the bezel rotation position and simple function triggering, meeting the routine usage needs of basic smartwatch interactive operations.

[0004] Existing 3D Hall effect sensor detection solutions for watch bezels suffer from a fundamental architectural flaw: insufficient utilization of magnetic field vector information. They rely solely on the absolute value of magnetic field strength for threshold judgment, completely ignoring magnetic pole direction characteristics. This makes it impossible to accurately identify the arrangement and combination of multiple magnet poles and fine-grained angular positions. Consequently, they suffer from limited function trigger levels, low detection accuracy, and susceptibility to false triggers. They also struggle to balance the granularity of interactive functions with trigger stability, and fail to fully exploit the interactive potential of a 360-degree rotating bezel. This severely restricts the innovative development and practical application of refined and diversified interactive technologies in smartwatches.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a smartwatch and its control system. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background art is solved.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: the smart watch of the present invention includes a watch case, a bezel assembly and a control assembly, characterized in that a magnet recognition assembly and a 3D Hall sensor assembly are provided on the watch case; The magnet recognition component includes four magnets, which are evenly spaced and embedded inside the bezel along the circumference. When the bezel rotates, the four magnets pass through the sensing area of ​​the 3D Hall sensor in sequence. The four magnets are arranged in sequence at four positions: zero, ninety, one hundred and eighty, and two hundred and seventy degrees. The magnetic poles of adjacent magnets are alternately oriented. The 3D Hall sensor is located inside the watch case and within the plane traversed by the rotational path of the magnet.

[0008] Preferably, the bezel assembly includes a bezel body and a continuously rotating structure; The bezel body has a ring structure and is set around the outer perimeter of the watch case. The infinitely rotating structure connects the bezel body and the watch case, allowing the bezel body to rotate freely in the circumferential direction relative to the case.

[0009] Preferably, each of the magnets is made of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material, and the magnet is in the shape of a disc, with an embedding depth of 1 to 3 millimeters from the outer surface of the bezel.

[0010] A smartwatch control system includes a processing link set on a control component, the processing link including: The three-axis magnetic field data representing the magnetic field strength and direction output by the 3D Hall sensor are acquired. When the bezel rotates and triggers the magnet to pass through the sensing area, filtering and peak detection operations are performed. Based on the filtered data and the peak time obtained from the peak detection calculation, the magnetic field vector angle is calculated according to the triaxial magnetic field data. The calculated magnetic field vector angle is compared with a preset magnetic pole feature library to identify the magnetic pole orientation of the magnet currently located in the sensing area. Based on the identified magnetic pole orientation and rotation direction, the corresponding function to be triggered is determined from the preset function mapping table, and the function to be triggered is sent to the function execution module.

[0011] Preferably, the processing link integrates a finite impulse response low-pass filter algorithm when performing filtering processing, and the cutoff frequency is set to 20 to 100 Hz.

[0012] Preferably, the processing link uses a peak detection algorithm when performing peak detection operations, and the time window width for peak detection is set to 10 to 50 milliseconds.

[0013] Preferably, the processing link uses the arctangent function algorithm to calculate the magnetic field vector angle based on the triaxial magnetic field data. The spatial angle value of the magnetic field vector relative to the preset reference direction is obtained by calculating the arctangent function based on the X-axis component, Y-axis component and Z-axis component in the triaxial magnetic field data.

[0014] Preferably, when the processing link determines the rotation direction, the rotation direction is determined based on the changing trend of the magnetic field vector angle when the magnetic poles of two adjacent magnetic poles are facing the same direction, and the rotation direction is determined based on the length of the peak time interval when the magnetic poles of two adjacent magnetic poles are facing opposite directions.

[0015] Preferably, when the processing link determines the function to be triggered according to the predefined function mapping relationship, it establishes a clockwise function mapping table and a counterclockwise function mapping table respectively, and each function mapping table contains four function levels.

[0016] Preferably, the processing link supports storing at least two different function mapping configuration tables, and can switch between different function mapping configuration tables according to user selection.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention discloses a smart watch and its control system, which sets four magnets on the bezel and fixes a 3D Hall sensor inside the watch case. The 3D Hall sensor can output the magnetic field components in three orthogonal directions in space, providing a complete three-dimensional magnetic field vector information basis for accurate identification of magnetic pole arrangement. This technical feature enables the system to acquire complete data including magnetic field strength and direction vector, creating a prerequisite for subsequent accurate identification.

[0018] 2. The smartwatch and its control system described in this invention, by setting a magnetic pole recognition unit in the control system, calculates the magnetic field vector angle based on the three-axis magnetic field data output by the 3D Hall sensor, and compares the calculation result with a preset magnetic pole feature library, thereby achieving accurate judgment of the magnetic pole orientation of the magnet currently located in the sensor sensing area. This technical feature makes full use of the magnetic pole direction features contained in the magnetic field vector, breaking through the limitation of the prior art that only relies on the absolute value of the magnetic field strength for threshold comparison, and significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of magnetic pole recognition.

[0019] 3. The smart watch and its control system described in this invention employ a method of arranging four magnets evenly spaced at 90-degree intervals on the bezel, with the magnetic poles of each magnet facing upwards and alternating between the north and south poles. This technical feature allows the bezel to form four different magnetic pole arrangements when rotated to four specific positions, providing four definite trigger positions for the control system and realizing a refined definition of the bezel rotation interaction function.

[0020] 4. The smartwatch and its control system described in this invention, by supporting the differentiation of clockwise and counterclockwise rotation directions in the function triggering unit and providing the storage and switching function of multiple sets of function mapping configuration tables, enables users to further expand the number of triggerable functions based on the limited four trigger positions by switching the rotation direction and configuration table, effectively improving the richness and flexibility of the bezel interaction function.

[0021] 5. The smartwatch and its control system described in this invention effectively suppress high-frequency electromagnetic noise interference and accurately capture the peak moment when each magnet passes through the sensor sensing area by means of a finite impulse response low-pass filtering algorithm and a peak detection algorithm integrated in the signal processing unit. This technical feature ensures accurate acquisition and reliable processing of magnetic field data in complex electromagnetic environments, laying the foundation for stable function triggering. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the smartwatch in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the magnet recognition component in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the 3D Hall sensor assembly in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the control component in this invention; In the diagram: 1. Watch case; 2. Infinitely rotating structure; 3. Magnet recognition component; 4. 3D Hall sensor component; 5. Control component. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0025] Example 1: This embodiment is specifically applied to the bezel rotation interaction scenario of a smartwatch. In this application scenario, a complete control system is first deployed, which includes four core components: bezel assembly, magnet recognition assembly 3, 3D Hall sensor assembly 4, and control assembly 5.

[0026] Please see Figures 1-4 The bezel assembly includes a bezel body and a continuously rotating structure 2. The bezel body has a ring-shaped structure and is arranged around the outer periphery of the watch case 1. The ring shape of the bezel body is adapted to the outline of the watch case 1, and an assembly gap is formed between its inner wall surface and the outer wall surface of the watch case 1. The bezel body is made of metal, and the metal material can be either stainless steel or titanium alloy. Stainless steel has good mechanical strength and corrosion resistance and can withstand the impact and friction during daily wear. Titanium alloy has a lower density and higher strength, which can reduce the weight of the bezel while maintaining good durability. The bezel can also be made of ceramic, either zirconium oxide ceramic or alumina ceramic. Ceramic materials have advantages such as high hardness, strong wear resistance, and long-lasting color, which can keep the bezel looking new for a long time.

[0027] The infinitely rotating structure 2 is connected between the bezel body and the watch case 1, allowing the bezel body to rotate freely in the circumferential direction relative to the watch case 1. The infinitely rotating structure 2 includes three components: an inner bezel sleeve, an outer bezel sleeve, and a ball bearing assembly. The inner bezel sleeve is fixedly fitted onto the outer circumference of the watch case 1, and its outer circular surface is either interference-fitted with the outer wall surface of the watch case 1 or fixed by a threaded connection to ensure that the inner bezel sleeve remains stationary during watch use. The outer bezel sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bezel body, and the inner circular surface of the outer bezel sleeve is coaxially arranged with the outer circular surface of the inner bezel sleeve, forming an accommodating space between them. The ball assembly is located in the receiving space between the inner ring sleeve and the outer ring sleeve. The ball assembly consists of multiple balls and a cage. The multiple balls are evenly embedded in the through holes of the cage, and adjacent balls are arranged at equal intervals. The outer ring of the ball assembly is in rolling contact with the inner circular surface of the outer ring sleeve, and the inner ring of the ball assembly is in rolling contact with the outer circular surface of the inner ring sleeve. When the user rotates the bezel, the outer bezel sleeve, along with the bezel body, rotates relative to the inner bezel sleeve under the drive of external force. The ball bearings roll between the inner and outer bezel sleeves, achieving a smooth rotation of the bezel body. The ball bearing assembly effectively reduces frictional resistance during rotation, allowing the user to experience a smooth operating feel when rotating the bezel.

[0028] The magnet identification component 3 includes four magnets: Magnet One, Magnet Two, Magnet Three, and Magnet Four. The four magnets are evenly spaced and embedded within the bezel body along the circumferential direction. The specific embedding method is as follows: Four equally spaced grooves are machined along the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the bezel body. Each groove is a circular countersunk hole with a depth of 2 mm from the outer surface of the bezel. The grooves are located in the middle area of ​​the bezel width, that is, the axial center line of the groove coincides with the width center line of the bezel body. Four magnets are embedded in their respective grooves and secured with adhesive. The adhesive is either epoxy resin or acrylic, and it fills the gaps between the magnets and the bottom and sidewalls of the grooves, firmly positioning the magnets within the grooves. All four magnets are made of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material. Neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material has the advantages of high coercivity and high remanence, enabling it to generate a strong magnetic field and provide sufficient signal strength for subsequent magnetic field detection. The magnet is in the shape of a disc, with a diameter of 3 mm and a thickness of 2 mm. The disc shape design allows the magnet to be flush with the inner wall of the bezel body after it is installed, avoiding interference from protruding structures during assembly.

[0029] The four magnets have a clearly defined magnetic pole orientation when the bezel is rotated to a specific position; when the bezel is rotated to the zero-degree position, the magnetic north pole of magnet one points towards the top of the smartwatch, that is, when magnet one is in its current position, its magnetic north pole points directly above the space above the smartwatch. When the bezel is rotated to the 90-degree position, the magnetic south pole of magnet two points towards the top of the smartwatch. That is, when magnet two is in its current position, its magnetic south pole points directly above the smartwatch. When the bezel is rotated to the 180-degree position, the magnetic north pole of magnet three points towards the top of the smartwatch; When the bezel rotates to the 270-degree position, the south pole of magnet four faces upwards towards the smartwatch. The magnetic poles of the four magnets are set according to an alternating arrangement rule, that is, the magnetic poles of adjacent magnets alternate between having the north pole facing upwards and the south pole facing upwards. This alternating arrangement of magnetic poles allows the bezel to form four different magnetic pole arrangements when it rotates to four specific positions, providing four definite trigger positions for the control system.

[0030] The 3D Hall sensor assembly 4 includes a 3D Hall sensor. The 3D Hall sensor is fixedly installed inside the watch case 1, specifically in the plane traversed by the rotation paths of magnet one, magnet two, magnet three, and magnet four. The chip plane of the 3D Hall sensor is parallel to the rotation plane of the bezel body, and the vertical distance between the sensor and the rotation plane of the bezel body is 5 mm. This vertical distance is set by comprehensively considering the matching relationship between magnetic field strength and sensor sensitivity. Too close a distance may lead to magnetic field saturation, while too far a distance may result in insufficient signal strength. The 3D Hall sensor has three mutually orthogonal sensing axes, which respectively sense the magnetic field components in the three orthogonal directions in space. When the bezel body rotates, magnet one, magnet two, magnet three and magnet four pass through the sensing area of ​​the 3D Hall sensor in sequence. The 3D Hall sensor is configured to collect the magnetic field components in the three orthogonal directions in space generated by the magnets passing through its sensing area. The X-axis sensing direction of the 3D Hall sensor is consistent with the horizontal direction of the smartwatch, the Y-axis sensing direction is consistent with the vertical direction of the smartwatch, and the Z-axis sensing direction is consistent with the vertical direction of the smartwatch. When the magnet passes directly above the sensor, the sensor outputs three-axis magnetic field data in real time, representing the magnetic field strength and direction at that moment. The triaxial magnetic field data includes the X-axis component Bx, the Y-axis component By, and the Z-axis component Bz. These three components together characterize the spatial vector information of the magnetic field. The 3D Hall sensor has a sensitivity better than ±0.1 millitalas, enabling it to detect weak magnetic field changes. The sensor has a sampling frequency of 200 Hz, which means it outputs 200 sets of triaxial magnetic field data per second, providing sufficient time resolution for subsequent data processing.

[0031] Control component 5 includes three functional modules: a signal processing unit, a magnetic pole identification unit, and a function triggering unit. The signal processing unit is electrically connected to the 3D Hall sensor and receives the raw triaxial magnetic field data output by the 3D Hall sensor through an I2C digital interface or an SPI digital interface. The magnetic pole identification unit is electrically connected to the signal processing unit and receives the processed data output by the signal processing unit through the internal data bus; the function triggering unit is electrically connected to the magnetic pole identification unit and receives the identification result output by the magnetic pole identification unit through the internal data bus. Each functional module in control component 5 is implemented by a microprocessor or digital signal processor. The microprocessor integrates the functional logic of a signal processing unit, a magnetic pole identification unit, and a function triggering unit. Each functional unit shares the computing and storage resources of the microprocessor.

[0032] The signal processing unit integrates a finite impulse response (FIR) low-pass filter algorithm and a peak detection algorithm. The FIR low-pass filter algorithm is used to suppress high-frequency electromagnetic noise interference. The algorithm adopts an FIR filter structure, with the filter order set to 16th and the cutoff frequency set to 50 Hz. The raw triaxial magnetic field data is converted from A / D and then enters the signal processing unit. The signal processing unit first performs amplitude limiting on the data to eliminate abrupt changes in values ​​caused by electromagnetic interference. Then, it smooths the data curve using a finite impulse response low-pass filter algorithm to filter out high-frequency noise components above the cutoff frequency. The peak detection algorithm is used to quickly track and lock the peak time of each axis magnetic field component. The peak detection time window width is set to 30 milliseconds. The signal processing unit monitors the changing trend of the filtered three-axis magnetic field data in real time. When a certain axis magnetic field component is detected to exceed the preset threshold, a peak detection timer is started. The value of the axis component is continuously compared within the time window. When the timer expires and the value of the axis component no longer increases, the moment is determined to be the peak moment of the axis component. The signal processing unit records the peak moment and peak value of each axis component when the four magnets pass through the sensing area, and sends this information to the magnetic pole identification unit.

[0033] The magnetic pole identification unit receives filtered triaxial magnetic field data and calculates the magnetic field vector angle based on the triaxial magnetic field data. The calculation of the magnetic field vector angle uses the arctangent function algorithm; the specific calculation process is as follows: The magnetic pole identification unit extracts the three-axis magnetic field data at the current moment, including the X-axis component Bx, the Y-axis component By, and the Z-axis component Bz; the projection angle theta of the magnetic field vector on the horizontal plane is calculated by the formula theta equals the arctangent function; The input parameter of the arctangent function is the ratio of the Y-axis component By to the X-axis component Bx; the formula is expressed as theta equals arctan(By divided by Bx). When the X-axis component is zero and the Y-axis component is greater than zero, the horizontal projection angle is set to 90 degrees. When the X-axis component is zero and the Y-axis component is less than zero, the horizontal projection angle is set to 270 degrees. When the X-axis component is less than zero, the calculated arctangent value needs to be added by 180 degrees to correct it to the correct quadrant; The magnetic pole identification unit simultaneously calculates the pitch angle phi of the magnetic field vector relative to the horizontal plane. The pitch angle is calculated by the formula phi equals arctan(Bz divided by the square root of (Bx squared plus By squared)). The horizontal projection angle theta and the pitch angle phi together constitute a complete angular representation of the magnetic field vector in space.

[0034] The preset magnetic pole feature library stores the feature vector angle values ​​corresponding to each of the four magnets; the feature vector angle of magnet one when it is at the zero-degree position is the preset angle range one, which corresponds to the magnetic field vector angle formed at the sensor when the magnetic north pole of magnet one is facing upward; The characteristic vector angle of magnet two at the 90-degree position is a preset angle range two, which corresponds to the magnetic field vector angle formed at the sensor when the magnetic south pole of magnet two is facing upward. The characteristic vector angle of magnet three at the 180-degree position is the preset angle range three; the characteristic vector angle of magnet four at the 270-degree position is the preset angle range four. The magnetic pole identification unit compares the calculated magnetic field vector angle with the preset magnetic pole feature library to determine which feature angle range the current calculated angle falls into, thereby identifying the magnet number and magnetic pole orientation of the magnet currently located in the sensor sensing area.

[0035] The function triggering unit receives the magnetic pole identification result output by the magnetic pole identification unit, and determines the function to be triggered corresponding to the current magnetic pole arrangement according to the predefined function mapping relationship; the function triggering unit searches for the corresponding function to be triggered from the clockwise function mapping table or the counterclockwise function mapping table according to the different rotation directions. The clockwise function mapping table stores four function positions, which correspond to the functions that should be triggered when the bezel is rotated to the 0, 90, 180, and 270 degree positions in the clockwise direction. The counter-clockwise function mapping table also stores four function positions, which correspond to the functions that should be triggered when the bezel is rotated to the above four positions in the counter-clockwise direction. The function triggering unit determines the current position based on the currently identified magnet number and rotation direction, and extracts the function number specified for that position from the corresponding function mapping table. The function triggering unit sends the function to be triggered to the function execution module of the smartwatch, and the function execution module calls the corresponding function response program according to the function number.

[0036] The function triggering unit also supports function triggering that distinguishes between clockwise and counterclockwise rotation directions; the logic for determining the rotation direction is divided into two cases. In the first case, when the magnetic poles of two adjacent magnets are facing the same direction, the function triggering unit determines the rotation direction based on the changing trend of the magnetic field vector angle. When the magnetic field vector angle continues to increase after magnet one leaves the sensing area, and the magnetic field vector angle continues to increase when magnet two enters the sensing area, it is determined to be clockwise rotation. When the magnetic field vector angle continues to decrease after magnet one leaves the sensing area, and the magnetic field vector angle continues to decrease when magnet two enters the sensing area, it is determined to be counterclockwise rotation. In the second case, when the magnetic poles of two adjacent magnets are facing opposite directions, the function triggering unit determines the rotation direction based on the length of the peak time interval. When the time interval between the peak value generated by magnet one and the peak value generated by magnet two is less than the preset short interval threshold, it is determined to be clockwise rotation; When the time interval is greater than the preset long interval threshold, it is determined to be counterclockwise rotation; the preset short interval threshold and long interval threshold are set according to the calibrated values ​​of magnet spacing and rotation speed.

[0037] The function triggering unit also includes multiple function mapping configuration table storage modules; these modules are built into the memory of the control component 5, and the memory is either flash memory or electrically erasable programmable read-only memory; each module supports storing at least two different function mapping configuration tables, with each table containing one clockwise and one counterclockwise function mapping table; users can select and switch between different function mapping configuration tables via the smartwatch's touch interface or a companion mobile application; after switching configuration tables, the function triggering unit determines the function to be triggered based on the newly selected configuration table.

[0038] The user performs initial state calibration after wearing the smartwatch; During initial calibration, the user rotates the bezel to the zero-degree position and holds it still for 3 seconds; During this period, the magnetic pole identification unit in control component 5 continuously collects the three-axis magnetic field data output by the 3D Hall sensor, calculates the current magnetic field vector angle, and records the angle as the zero-degree reference angle. The magnetic pole identification unit simultaneously records the current magnetic pole characteristics as the reference magnetic pole characteristics; after the initial state calibration is completed, the system enters the standby state.

[0039] In standby mode, the 3D Hall sensor continuously outputs triaxial magnetic field data at a sampling frequency of 200 Hz; the signal processing unit receives this raw data in real time and performs filtering processing; the specific steps of the filtering processing include: The first step is to limit the received raw triaxial magnetic field data (Xrn, Yrn, Zrn). When the difference between a component of a certain axis and the component of the previous moment exceeds the preset abrupt change threshold, the component is replaced with the component value of the previous moment to eliminate abnormal values ​​caused by electromagnetic pulse interference. The second step is to smooth the data after limiting by passing it through a finite impulse response low-pass filter. The coefficients of the finite impulse response low-pass filter are pre-calculated based on the preset cutoff frequency and filter order and stored in the coefficient register of the signal processing unit. During the filtering calculation, the data sequence after amplitude limiting is convolved with the filter coefficients to obtain the filtered three-axis magnetic field data (Xfn, Yfn, Zfn). The filtered data eliminates the interference of high-frequency electromagnetic noise and retains the effective low-frequency components of the magnetic field signal.

[0040] When the user starts to rotate the bezel, the bezel body rotates in a circumferential direction relative to the watch case 1 under the drive of external force; the rotational motion of the bezel body is transmitted through the stepless rotation structure 2, in which the ball bearing assembly rolls between the outer and inner sleeves to ensure a smooth rotation process; as the bezel body rotates, the four magnets embedded inside the bezel body pass through the sensing area of ​​the 3D Hall sensor in sequence. When the magnet approaches the sensor's sensing area, the triaxial magnetic field data collected by the sensor begins to change. As magnet 1 gradually approaches the sensor, the magnetic field strength gradually increases, and the values ​​of the three-axis magnetic field data change accordingly. When magnet 1 moves to a position directly above the sensor, the magnetic field strength reaches its peak, and the three-axis magnetic field data shows its peak at that moment. Once the magnet leaves the sensor's sensing area, the magnetic field strength gradually decreases, and the values ​​of the three-axis magnetic field data drop accordingly.

[0041] The signal processing unit continuously monitors the changes in the filtered triaxial magnetic field data. When the absolute value of the X-axis component, Y-axis component, or Z-axis component exceeds the first preset threshold, the signal processing unit starts the peak detection timer to begin tracking the peak value of the component. The specific steps for peak detection are as follows: The first step is to compare the current component value with the component value at the previous time step. If the current value is greater than the previous time step value, the peak candidate value is updated to the current value, and monitoring continues. The second step is to stop tracking if the current value is always less than the peak candidate value within 5 consecutive sampling periods, determine the peak candidate value as the peak value of the component, and record the peak time. The third step involves recording the complete change curves of this component and the other two axis components within a time range that is extended by 15 milliseconds before and after the peak moment, according to the set time window width. After the peak detection is completed, the signal processing unit sends the peak data when the magnet passes through the sensing area to the magnetic pole identification unit.

[0042] After receiving the peak data from magnet one, the magnetic pole identification unit performs magnetic pole identification calculations; the specific steps of magnetic pole identification are as follows: The first step is to extract the peak values ​​of the three-axis components from the peak data, namely the peak X-axis component Px, the peak Y-axis component Py, and the peak Z-axis component Pz. The second step is to calculate the projection angle theta of the magnetic field vector onto the horizontal plane. The formula for theta is that theta is equal to arctan(Py divided by Px). The input parameter of the arctan function is the ratio of Py to Px. The output range of the function is from -180 degrees to +180 degrees. Quadrant correction is required based on the sign of Px and the output value of the arctan function to obtain the angle value in the range of 0 degrees to 360 degrees. The third step is to calculate the pitch angle phi of the magnetic field vector relative to the horizontal plane. The formula is phi equal to arctan(Pz divided by the square root of (Px squared plus Py squared)). The pitch angle phi ranges from -90 degrees to +90 degrees. The fourth step is to match the calculated horizontal projection angle theta and pitch angle phi with the preset magnetic pole feature library; the preset magnetic pole feature library stores the feature angle ranges of four magnets, each feature angle range including the range of horizontal projection angle and the range of pitch angle. During matching, it is determined whether the calculated theta and phi fall within the characteristic angle range of a certain magnet. If theta falls within angle range one and phi falls within the corresponding pitch angle range one, the identification result is magnet one with the magnetic pole facing upwards. If theta falls within angle range two and phi falls within the corresponding pitch angle range two, the identification result is magnet two with the magnetic pole facing upwards. And so on, to complete the identification of the current magnet.

[0043] The magnetic pole identification unit sends the identification result to the function triggering unit; the function triggering unit queries the function mapping table based on the identification result to determine the function to be triggered; the specific steps for querying the function mapping table are as follows: The first step is to determine the rotation direction based on the recognition results of the previous moment and the current moment. The determination method is as follows: when the time interval between the recognition results of magnet one and magnet two is less than a preset threshold, if magnet one appears before magnet two and the time interval is short, it is determined to be clockwise rotation. When rotating clockwise, the function triggering unit selects the clockwise function mapping table as the current lookup table; when rotating counterclockwise, the function triggering unit selects the counterclockwise function mapping table as the current lookup table. The second step is to determine the gear index based on the currently identified magnet number; magnet one corresponds to gear index one, magnet two corresponds to gear index two, magnet three corresponds to gear index three, and magnet four corresponds to gear index four. The third step is to find the corresponding function number in the current query table according to the gear index. Each function mapping table contains four function gears, and each gear stores a function number. The function number corresponds one-to-one with the preset function of the smartwatch. For example, in the clockwise function mapping table, gear one corresponds to function number one, gear two corresponds to function number two, gear three corresponds to function number three, and gear four corresponds to function number four. Fourth, the function triggering unit sends the found function number as the function to be triggered to the function execution module; the function execution module starts the corresponding function response program according to the function number to complete the operation expected by the user.

[0044] As the user continues to rotate the bezel, magnets two, three, and four pass through the sensing area of ​​the 3D Hall sensor in sequence, repeating the data acquisition, filtering, peak detection, magnetic pole identification, and function triggering process described above. Each time a magnet passes through the sensing area, the function triggering unit determines the function to be triggered from the corresponding function mapping table based on the current magnet number and rotation direction, and executes it. After the four magnets pass through the sensor sensing area in sequence, a complete rotation cycle is completed. If the user continues to rotate the bezel, the system will repeat the above process, continuously triggering the corresponding function based on the rotation direction and magnet position.

[0045] Example 2: This embodiment is a variation of Embodiment 1. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 lies in the material parameters of the magnet, the parameter configuration of the 3D Hall sensor, and the detailed implementation of some control logic. In the design of the magnet recognition component 3, all four magnets are made of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material. The grade of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material is N52, which has high remanence and coercivity, and can generate a strong magnetic field in a limited volume. The magnet is in the shape of a disc with a diameter of 4 mm and a thickness of 2.5 mm. The larger diameter design makes the magnetic field generated by the magnet cover a wider range, which is beneficial to improving the reliability of sensor detection. Each magnet is fixedly embedded in a groove at a predetermined position inside the bezel body using an adhesive; the depth of the groove is 2.5 mm from the outer surface of the bezel, and the embedding position is located in the middle area of ​​the bezel width; the adhesive used is a cyanoacrylate fast-drying adhesive, which has the advantages of fast curing speed and high bonding strength, and can reliably fix the magnet in a short time. In the design of the 3D Hall sensor assembly 4, the 3D Hall sensor is fixedly installed inside the watch case 1 and located in the plane traversed by the rotation trajectory of the magnet; the vertical distance between the 3D Hall sensor and the rotation plane of the bezel body is 6 mm; the larger vertical distance design allows the sensor to operate in a weaker magnetic field region, avoiding sensor saturation problems caused by excessively strong magnetic fields; the sensitivity of the 3D Hall sensor is better than ±0.08 millitalas, enabling it to detect even weaker magnetic field changes; the sensor's sampling frequency is 400 Hz, that is, it outputs 400 sets of triaxial magnetic field data per second; the higher sampling frequency provides higher time resolution for subsequent data processing, thereby improving the accuracy of peak detection.

[0046] In the implementation of the signal processing unit, the cutoff frequency of the finite impulse response low-pass filter algorithm is set to 80 Hz. The higher cutoff frequency setting preserves more details of the magnetic field signal, and at the same time, it is combined with a higher-order filter design to suppress high-frequency noise. The order of the finite impulse response low-pass filter is set to 24th order, which increases the order of the filter compared to the first embodiment, making the transition band of the filter steeper and more effectively distinguishing useful signals from noise signals. The peak detection time window width is set to 20 milliseconds. The narrower time window allows peak detection to respond more quickly to changes in the magnetic field and reduces the peak detection delay time.

[0047] In the implementation of the magnetic pole identification unit, the calculation of the magnetic field vector angle adopts the arctangent function algorithm; the specific calculation process is the same as in Embodiment 1, including calculating two angle parameters: the horizontal projection angle theta and the pitch angle phi; the preset magnetic pole feature library stores the characteristic vector angle values ​​or characteristic vector angle ranges corresponding to the four magnets; the characteristic vector angle range of each magnet includes the range of the horizontal projection angle and the range of the pitch angle; the width of the range of the horizontal projection angle is set to ±15 degrees, and the width of the range of the pitch angle is set to ±10 degrees; the wider range design improves the fault tolerance of magnetic pole identification, and even if there is a certain deviation in the magnetic field angle due to manufacturing tolerance or assembly error, the system can still correctly identify the magnet number and magnetic pole orientation.

[0048] In the implementation of the function triggering unit, the structure of the clockwise and counterclockwise function mapping tables is the same as in Embodiment 1. Each function mapping table contains four function positions. The correspondence between the function positions and the magnet numbers is as follows: position one corresponds to magnet one, position two corresponds to magnet two, position three corresponds to magnet three, and position four corresponds to magnet four. The four function positions in each function mapping table can be configured to trigger different smartwatch functions. For example, in the clockwise function mapping table, position one is configured to start the exercise recording function, position two is configured to switch the music playback function, position three is configured to display the weather information function, and position four is configured to start the payment function. In the counterclockwise function mapping table, position one is configured to adjust the screen brightness function, position two is configured to switch the watch face style function, position three is configured to display the notification list function, and position four is configured to start the voice assistant function. Through the function mapping in both clockwise and counterclockwise directions, the system can define up to eight different function trigger points.

[0049] The function triggering unit also includes multiple function mapping configuration table storage modules, supporting the storage of at least three different function mapping configuration tables. Each function mapping configuration table contains one clockwise function mapping table and one counterclockwise function mapping table. The three configuration tables can be defined as a daily mode configuration table, a sports mode configuration table, and a meeting mode configuration table, respectively. The daily mode configuration table configures commonly used communication and payment functions; the sports mode configuration table configures sports-related functions, such as timing, step counting, and heart rate monitoring; the meeting mode configuration table configures functions such as mute and schedule viewing. Users can switch between different function mapping configuration tables through the touch operation of the smartwatch. The specific process of the switching operation is as follows: the user selects the configuration table switching option on the touch interface, the touch interface displays the names of the three stored configuration tables for the user to choose from, and after the user selects the target configuration table, the control component 5 loads the configuration table as the currently effective function mapping configuration table.

[0050] Example 3 This embodiment is another variation of the first embodiment. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment lies in the structural form of the infinitely rotating structure 2 and the material selection of the bezel body. In the design of the bezel assembly, the infinitely rotating structure 2 includes three components: an inner ring sleeve, an outer ring sleeve, and a ball assembly. The structural form is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1. The difference lies in the specific implementation of the ball assembly. In this embodiment, the ball assembly adopts a cross roller structure. The cross roller structure includes multiple balls and a cross cage. The multiple balls are arranged in a cross pattern in the through hole of the cross cage, and the axes of two adjacent balls are perpendicular to each other. Compared with the ball assembly with equal spacing in Embodiment 1, the cross roller structure can provide higher load-bearing capacity and better rotational accuracy in a smaller radial space. The ball diameter of the cross roller structure is 0.8 mm, and there are 12 balls, which are evenly distributed in the raceway between the inner ring sleeve and the outer ring sleeve.

[0051] In this embodiment, the bezel body is made of ceramic material; the ceramic material selected is zirconia ceramic. Zirconia ceramic has advantages such as high hardness, strong wear resistance, and good chemical stability. The Mohs hardness of zirconia ceramic reaches 8.5, second only to diamond and sapphire, which can effectively resist scratches and wear in daily use. Zirconia ceramic has a low coefficient of thermal expansion, which can maintain good dimensional stability under temperature change. The density of zirconia ceramic is 6 grams per cubic centimeter, which is lower than the 8 grams per cubic centimeter of stainless steel. Using zirconia ceramic to make the bezel can reduce the overall weight of the watch. The color of zirconia ceramic can be adjusted by adding different metal oxides, and various color schemes such as black, white, and pink can be achieved.

[0052] Since zirconia ceramic is a non-magnetic material, magnets cannot be mechanically embedded into the bezel body. Therefore, in this embodiment, the magnets are fixed by adhesive bonding. The specific embedding steps are as follows: First, four equally spaced grooves are machined along the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the bezel body. The grooves are circular countersunk holes. Second, four disc magnets are embedded into their respective grooves. Third, a high-strength adhesive is used to fill the gap between the magnets and the grooves. The adhesive used is a high-temperature resistant epoxy resin adhesive, which has high bonding strength and temperature resistance after curing. Fourth, after the adhesive has fully cured, the embedding position and magnetic pole orientation of the magnets are checked to see if they meet the design requirements. After the magnets are embedded, the embedding depth of the four magnets is 1.5 mm from the outer surface of the bezel, and the embedding position is located in the middle area of ​​the bezel width.

[0053] In the design of the 3D Hall sensor assembly 4, the vertical distance between the 3D Hall sensor and the rotating plane of the bezel body is 4 mm. The small vertical distance compensates for the isolation effect of the zirconia ceramic material on the magnetic field, ensuring that the sensor can obtain sufficient magnetic field signal strength. The sensitivity of the 3D Hall sensor is better than ±0.1 millitalas, and the sampling frequency is 300 Hz. The cutoff frequency of the finite impulse response low-pass filter algorithm in the signal processing unit is set to 60 Hz, and the filter order is set to 20. The peak detection time window width is set to 25 milliseconds.

[0054] In the implementation of the function triggering unit, the configuration of the clockwise function mapping table and the counterclockwise function mapping table is the same as in Embodiment 1; the function triggering unit supports storing at least two different function mapping configuration tables; users can select and switch between different function mapping configuration tables according to actual needs; the switching operation can be triggered by a combination of side buttons on the smartwatch or by voice commands.

[0055] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A smartwatch, comprising a watch case, a bezel assembly, and a control assembly, characterized in that, The watch case is equipped with a magnetic recognition component and a 3D Hall sensor component; The magnet recognition component includes four magnets, which are evenly spaced and embedded inside the bezel along the circumference. When the bezel rotates, the four magnets pass through the sensing area of ​​the 3D Hall sensor in sequence. The four magnets are arranged in sequence at four positions: zero, ninety, one hundred and eighty, and two hundred and seventy degrees. The magnetic poles of adjacent magnets are alternately oriented. The 3D Hall sensor is located inside the watch case and within the plane traversed by the rotational path of the magnet.

2. A smartwatch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bezel assembly includes the bezel body and a continuously rotating structure; The bezel body has a ring structure and is set around the outer perimeter of the watch case. The infinitely rotating structure connects the bezel body and the watch case, allowing the bezel body to rotate freely in the circumferential direction relative to the case.

3. A smartwatch according to claim 2, characterized in that, All the magnets are made of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material, and the magnets are in the shape of a disc, with an embedding depth of 1 to 3 millimeters from the outer surface of the bezel.

4. A smartwatch control system, applicable to a smartwatch as described in any one of claims 1-3, wherein the control component is provided with a processing link, characterized in that, The processing chain includes: The three-axis magnetic field data representing the magnetic field strength and direction output by the 3D Hall sensor are acquired. When the bezel rotates and triggers the magnet to pass through the sensing area, filtering and peak detection operations are performed. Based on the filtered data and the peak time obtained from the peak detection calculation, the magnetic field vector angle is calculated according to the triaxial magnetic field data. The calculated magnetic field vector angle is compared with a preset magnetic pole feature library to identify the magnetic pole orientation of the magnet currently located in the sensing area. Based on the identified magnetic pole orientation and rotation direction, the corresponding function to be triggered is determined from the preset function mapping table, and the function to be triggered is sent to the function execution module.

5. A smartwatch control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The processing link integrates a finite impulse response low-pass filter algorithm when performing filtering, with the cutoff frequency set to 20 to 100 Hz.

6. A smartwatch control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The processing link uses a peak detection algorithm when performing peak detection operations, and the time window width for peak detection is set to 10 to 50 milliseconds.

7. A smartwatch control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The processing link uses the arctangent function algorithm to calculate the magnetic field vector angle based on the triaxial magnetic field data. The spatial angle value of the magnetic field vector relative to the preset reference direction is obtained by calculating the arctangent function based on the X-axis component, Y-axis component and Z-axis component in the triaxial magnetic field data.

8. A smartwatch control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the processing link determines the rotation direction, if the magnetic poles of two adjacent magnetic poles are facing the same direction, the rotation direction is determined based on the changing trend of the magnetic field vector angle; if the magnetic poles of two adjacent magnetic poles are facing opposite directions, the rotation direction is determined based on the length of the peak time interval.

9. A smartwatch control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the processing link determines the function to be triggered based on the predefined function mapping relationship, it establishes a clockwise function mapping table and a counterclockwise function mapping table, each containing four function levels.

10. A smartwatch control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The processing link supports storing at least two different function mapping configuration tables, and can switch between different function mapping configuration tables according to user selection.

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