Construction dust multi-parameter sensing and zoned closed-loop spraying control method and system

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of construction site environment control, and discloses a construction dust multi-parameter sensing and partitioned closed-loop spraying control method and system. The method comprises the following steps: dividing a control area and establishing a regional topology table; collecting PM2.5, PM10, dust operation signals and wind speed and direction, taking the real-time upwind boundary concentration as the background concentration, identifying the dust source area according to the concentration increment, change trend and operation signal; determining the propagation area and boundary interception area in combination with the wind direction, wind speed, regional distance and adjacency relationship; taking the above-mentioned area as the target spraying area, determining the partitioned target flow and the target angle of the spray head, and linkage controlling the shared frequency conversion water pump, electric proportional regulating valve and adjustable spray head; taking the boundary monitoring nodes in the non-direct spraying range of the downwind as feedback nodes, adjusting the flow and angle, and sequentially exiting or resuming spraying according to the feedback concentration and operation signal. The present application can accurately identify the dust source and propagation area, and dynamically match the spraying range, direction and flow with the dust change.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of construction site environmental control technology, specifically to a method and system for multi-parameter sensing and zoned closed-loop spray control of construction dust. Background Technology

[0002] With the expansion of construction projects and the increasing demands for green construction, construction site dust has become a significant factor affecting surrounding air quality and the on-site working environment. During construction processes such as earthwork excavation, material loading and unloading, vehicle traffic, sand and gravel stockpiling, cutting and grinding, and floor cleaning, large amounts of particulate matter are easily generated. PM10 primarily reflects inhalable particulate pollution, while PM2.5 reflects the diffusion of finer particles. Due to the dispersed work areas and dynamic changes in construction procedures at construction sites, and the fact that dust diffusion is easily affected by factors such as wind speed, wind direction, air humidity, and building obstruction, the intensity and direction of dust generation vary considerably in different areas. Therefore, construction sites typically require dust monitoring equipment and dust suppression devices such as sprayers and mist cannons to reduce particulate matter concentration, improve the construction environment, and minimize the spread of dust beyond the site.

[0003] Existing dust control systems at construction sites typically install PM2.5 and PM10 monitoring devices at site boundaries, vehicle entrances / exits, or main construction areas, and upload the monitoring data to a site management platform. When the monitored concentration exceeds a preset threshold, the controller activates water pumps and solenoid valves, causing sprinklers on the perimeter fences, roads, or mist cannons to spray water. When the monitored concentration falls below the preset threshold or the set spraying time is reached, the corresponding equipment is shut down. Some systems also collect meteorological data such as wind speed and direction to display the site's environmental conditions or to issue alarms for exceeding limits. For construction sites with multiple sets of sprinkler systems, the valves on each branch are typically controlled separately according to pre-defined fixed areas, or multiple areas of sprinkler systems are activated simultaneously when dust levels exceed standards.

[0004] However, the existing technologies still have the following problems: First, the number of monitoring points at construction sites is usually limited, and the particulate matter concentration collected by fixed monitoring points cannot accurately reflect the dust generation status of each construction area. The system has difficulty in determining the specific source area of ​​dust, which can easily lead to situations where local dust exceeds the standard but the entire site is sprayed, or the actual dusty area is not effectively covered. Second, existing systems mostly control the start and stop of spraying based on a single concentration threshold, failing to comprehensively judge the operation status such as PM2.5, PM10, wind speed, wind direction, and the operation of construction machinery and vehicle traffic. Therefore, it is difficult to implement pre-suppression before a large amount of dust is generated, and it is also difficult to distinguish between instantaneous concentration fluctuations and continuous dust. Third, existing zoned spraying usually adopts a fixed area start and stop method, without determining the dust propagation path based on real-time wind direction, wind speed, and spatial relationship between adjacent areas. The spraying area and nozzle direction may not be consistent with the actual dust diffusion direction.

[0005] Furthermore, existing sprinkler systems typically only control the opening and closing of water pumps and valves, lacking coordinated adjustment of pump output, branch flow, nozzle horizontal and vertical angles, and sprinkler coverage. This makes it difficult to implement differentiated spraying based on the dust risk of different areas. After the sprinkler system is started, there is often a lack of continuous feedback on particulate matter concentration in the source area, downwind area, and site boundaries, making it impossible to determine the effectiveness of the sprinkler system or to promptly identify anomalies such as insufficient water pressure, nozzle blockage, or deviation in spray direction. Existing systems use instantaneous concentration drop or fixed sprinkler duration as the basis for shutdown, which may lead to premature shutdown, repeated start-stop cycles, excessive water usage, and ground water accumulation. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a construction site dust control technology that can sense different zones within the construction area, determine the dust propagation area by combining wind field and operational status, and adjust sprinkler parameters and automatically shut down based on feedback results. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Based on the above description, the present invention provides a method and system for multi-parameter sensing and zoned closed-loop spray control of construction dust, in order to solve the problems that existing dust spraying methods cannot accurately identify dust sources and propagation areas, and that the spraying range, direction and flow rate cannot dynamically match changes in dust.

[0007] Firstly, the technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A method for multi-parameter sensing and zoned closed-loop spray control of construction dust, comprising the following specific steps: S1. Divide the construction site into multiple control zones according to the location of dust-generating operations and the coverage of spraying, and establish a regional topology table to record the boundaries of the control zones, their adjacency relationships, the particulate matter monitoring nodes within the zones, and the water supply branches of the zones. S2. Collect PM2.5 concentration, PM10 concentration, dust control operation start signal, real-time wind speed, and real-time wind direction in each control area. Use the particulate matter concentration at the particulate matter monitoring node at the upper wind boundary as the background particulate matter concentration. S3. When the concentration increment of the control area relative to the background particulate matter concentration reaches the source area threshold, rises continuously, and the dust control operation start signal is valid, it is determined as a dust source area. S4. Based on the location, wind direction, wind speed and adjacency of the dust source area, determine the propagation area whose directional angle and regional distance meet the preset propagation conditions, and determine the control area that intersects with the site boundary or is no more than the preset boundary distance as the boundary interception area. S5. Take the dust source area, propagation area and boundary interception area as the target spray area, determine the target flow rate and nozzle target angle of the target spray area; control the common variable frequency water pump according to the sum of the target flow rates of each zone, control the electric proportional regulating valve according to the deviation between the zone target flow rate and the actual flow rate, and control the adjustable nozzle to achieve the nozzle target angle. S6. Select the boundary particulate matter monitoring node downwind and outside the direct spray range of the nozzle as the feedback node, and adjust the zone target flow and nozzle target angle according to its PM2.5 feedback concentration and PM10 feedback concentration. S7. When the PM2.5 and PM10 feedback concentrations are continuously lower than the corresponding exit thresholds and the dust control operation start signal fails, the spraying in the dust source area, the propagation area and the boundary interception area shall be shut down in sequence; the spraying shall be resumed when any feedback concentration reaches the recovery threshold higher than the corresponding exit threshold.

[0008] By comparing the PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations in each control zone with the upwind background particulate matter concentration, and combining the continuous upward trend of concentration with the dust control operation start signal to identify the dust source area, the misjudgment caused by fluctuations in environmental background particulate matter can be reduced. Furthermore, the propagation zone and boundary interception zone are determined based on wind speed, wind direction, and regional adjacency relationships. Shared variable frequency water pumps, electric proportional regulating valves, and adjustable nozzles are adjusted to achieve source area suppression, propagation path settling, and site boundary interception. A closed-loop concentration control is formed through downwind feedback nodes, and different exit and recovery thresholds are used to reduce frequent start-stop of sprinkler equipment near the thresholds, improving the targeting, continuity, and water resource utilization efficiency of dust control.

[0009] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0010] Furthermore, timestamps are configured for the PM2.5 concentration, PM10 concentration, real-time wind speed, real-time wind direction, and dust suppression operation start signal, and data with timestamps within the same control cycle are matched. Data collected at intervals exceeding a preset timeout period is identified as timeout data, and data that is not continuously received is identified as interrupted data. The timeout data and interrupted data are not included in the determination of dust source area and propagation area. When the spray system is started, if the humidity increment and particulate matter concentration increment detected by the particulate matter monitoring nodes within the direct spray range of the nozzles both reach the corresponding water mist interference threshold, and the particulate matter concentration increment of the adjacent particulate matter monitoring nodes outside the direct spray range of the nozzles does not reach the water mist interference threshold, the data collected by the former will be identified as water mist interference data, and the water mist interference data will not participate in the spray control.

[0011] By excluding timed-out and interrupted data, the controller can avoid incorrectly starting the spray system based on faulty or expired data. After the spray system starts, by comparing the changes in particulate matter concentration and humidity at monitoring nodes inside and outside the direct spray range of the nozzles, it is possible to identify situations where water mist is misidentified as dust by the particulate matter monitoring nodes. This prevents the spray flow rate from continuously increasing, the spray area from being mistakenly expanded, or the spray system from failing to exit normally due to water mist interference, thereby improving the reliability of multi-source monitoring data and the stability of closed-loop control.

[0012] Furthermore, the continuous increase refers to the PM2.5 concentration increment or PM10 concentration increment increasing cycle by cycle over at least two consecutive control cycles; The dust control operation start signal includes at least one of the following: construction machinery start signal, vehicle entry signal, material unloading signal, and construction task start signal; When the dust suppression operation start signal of a control area is valid, and the PM2.5 concentration increment and PM10 concentration increment do not reach the corresponding source area threshold, the control area is determined as a pre-dust suppression area, and according to the pre-established correspondence between operation type and pre-dust suppression flow rate, the pre-dust suppression area is controlled to spray according to the corresponding pre-dust suppression flow rate. When any concentration increment in the pre-dust suppression zone reaches the corresponding source zone threshold, the pre-dust suppression zone is updated to a dust source zone.

[0013] By collecting dust-generating operation start signals such as the start of construction machinery, vehicle entry, material unloading, or the commencement of construction tasks, the corresponding control area can be designated as a pre-dust suppression zone before the actual operation begins but before the particulate matter concentration reaches the source area threshold. The appropriate pre-dust suppression flow rate can then be matched according to the operation type. This allows for initial water mist coverage before dust is concentrated and spreads, shortening the dust control response time and avoiding water waste caused by using the same spray flow rate for all operations. Once the concentration increase reaches the source area threshold, the system switches to dust source area control, ensuring a continuous transition between pre-dust suppression and formal dust suppression.

[0014] Furthermore, the preset propagation conditions include: The angle between the direction from the dust-generating operation location within the dust source area to the candidate control area and the real-time wind direction shall not be greater than the preset direction angle; The distance between the candidate control zone and the dust control location shall not be greater than the propagation distance determined according to the real-time wind speed and the preset wind speed-propagation distance correspondence. The candidate control area is connected to the dust source area through no more than a preset number of consecutive adjacent control areas; When the change in real-time wind direction reaches the preset wind direction switching threshold, a new propagation zone and boundary interception zone are determined according to the changed real-time wind direction. The sprinklers corresponding to the new propagation zone and boundary interception zone are turned on first. After the corresponding actual flow reaches the zone target flow and the adjustable nozzles reach the nozzle target angle, the sprinklers corresponding to the propagation zone and boundary interception zone before the change are turned off.

[0015] By limiting the number of consecutive adjacent zones between candidate control areas and dust source areas, the expansion range of the propagation area can be controlled, reducing indiscriminate spraying across the entire area. When the wind direction change reaches the switching threshold, a new propagation zone and boundary interception zone are activated first. The original spraying area is then closed after the actual flow rate and nozzle angle reach the target. This avoids gaps in spray coverage during wind direction switching, thereby continuously intercepting migrating dust and reducing the escape of boundary dust caused by sudden switching of spraying areas.

[0016] Furthermore, the nozzle target angle includes the target horizontal angle and the target pitch angle; Based on the area type of the target spraying area, the PM2.5 concentration increment, the PM10 concentration increment, and the dust operation type, the target flow rate for each zone is determined from the preset flow rate correspondence. The area type includes dust source area, propagation area, and boundary interception area. Adjust the operating frequency of the common variable frequency water pump according to the deviation between the sum of the target flow of each zone and the actual total flow of the main water supply pipe, and adjust the opening of the electric proportional regulating valve according to the deviation between the target flow of each zone and the actual flow of the corresponding zone water supply branch. The adjustable nozzles in the dust source area are controlled to spray towards the dust operation location, the adjustable nozzles in the propagation area are controlled to spray along the real-time wind direction, and the spray direction of adjacent adjustable nozzles in the boundary interception area is controlled to form a preset interception angle with the real-time wind direction, so that the spray coverage area of ​​adjacent adjustable nozzles at least partially overlaps.

[0017] The above technical solution adjusts the shared variable frequency water pump based on the deviation between the sum of the target flow rates of each zone and the actual total flow rate of the main water supply pipe, and adjusts the electric proportional regulating valve based on the deviation between the target flow rates of each branch and the actual flow rates, forming a two-stage regulation of total water supply and zoned water supply. This improves the accuracy of flow distribution when multiple areas are sprayed simultaneously. By separately controlling the nozzles in the dust source area to point towards the work position, the nozzles in the propagation area to spray along the real-time wind direction, and the nozzles in the boundary interception area to form overlapping sprays, the coverage of water mist on dust generation points, propagation paths, and site boundaries can be improved, reducing ineffective spraying and gaps in spray coverage.

[0018] Furthermore, after the spray system is started and a preset feedback delay time has elapsed, the feedback decrease in PM2.5 and PM10 feedback concentrations over multiple consecutive control cycles is calculated. When any feedback concentration is higher than the corresponding target concentration and the corresponding feedback decrease is lower than the preset decrease, the nozzle target angle is first re-determined based on the real-time wind direction. When the adjustable nozzle reaches the redefined nozzle target angle, and the feedback drop is still lower than the preset drop, the zone target flow rate of the corresponding target spray area is increased. When the target flow rate of the zone reaches the preset flow rate limit, and the feedback decrease rate is still lower than the preset decrease rate, the next control zone located downwind and adjacent to the original target spray zone is added to the target spray zone.

[0019] By using the above technical solutions, the decrease in PM2.5 and PM10 feedback concentrations over multiple consecutive control cycles can be calculated, allowing for the evaluation of spraying effectiveness based on actual dust suppression trends rather than a single instantaneous concentration. When the dust suppression effect is insufficient, a tiered adjustment process is implemented, first adjusting the nozzle target angle, then increasing the zone target flow rate, and finally expanding the target spray area. This prioritizes correcting spray direction deviations, and only increases the water supply after the direction is correct, avoiding excessive water usage caused by directly increasing the flow rate. When the flow rate reaches its upper limit and still cannot meet the dust suppression requirements, the spraying is extended to adjacent control areas downwind, continuously intercepting dust exceeding the original spray coverage area and improving the system's adaptability to high-intensity or rapidly spreading dust.

[0020] Furthermore, the sprinkler stop control includes normal exit control and protective shutdown control; The normal exit control includes: when the PM2.5 feedback concentration and PM10 feedback concentration are continuously lower than the corresponding exit threshold and the dust operation start signal fails, closing the electric proportional regulating valve corresponding to the dust source area, continuing to maintain the spraying of the propagation zone and the boundary interception zone for the preset duration, and then closing the electric proportional regulating valve corresponding to the propagation zone and the boundary interception zone. The protection shutdown control includes: stopping the shared variable frequency water pump when the water source level is lower than the preset minimum level; When the shared variable frequency water pump is in operation and the pump outlet pressure is lower than the preset minimum outlet pressure, the operating frequency of the shared variable frequency water pump is reduced and a pump abnormality signal is output. When the actual opening of the electric proportional control valve reaches the target opening, and the actual flow rate of the corresponding zone water supply branch is lower than the preset minimum branch flow rate, the electric proportional control valve is closed and a branch abnormality signal is output. When the water depth in the target spray area reaches the preset water depth, the corresponding electric proportional regulating valve is closed. When the real-time wind speed reaches the preset upper limit of the spray wind speed, close each electric proportional regulating valve or stop the shared variable frequency water pump.

[0021] Secondly, the technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a multi-parameter sensing and zoned closed-loop sprinkler control system for construction dust, comprising: The memory is used to store the regional topology table, which records the control area boundaries, adjacency relationships, particulate matter monitoring nodes within the area, and water supply branches of the zones for multiple control areas; Multiple particulate matter monitoring nodes are set up in the corresponding control areas to collect PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations. Multiple boundary particulate matter monitoring nodes are distributed at different locations along the site boundary to collect PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations at corresponding locations. Wind speed and direction detectors are used to collect real-time wind speed and real-time wind direction. The operation status interface is used to receive dust control operation start signals corresponding to each control zone; The water supply components include a water source, a shared variable frequency water pump, a main water supply pipe, and multiple zone water supply branches. Each zone water supply branch is equipped with an electric proportional regulating valve, a valve position feedback device, and a flow sensor. Multiple adjustable nozzles are connected to the corresponding zone water supply branches. Each adjustable nozzle is equipped with a horizontal drive, a pitch drive, a horizontal angle detector, and a pitch angle detector. A main water supply flow sensor is installed in the main water supply pipe; The controller is connected to the memory, the particulate matter monitoring node in the area, the particulate matter monitoring node at the boundary, the wind speed and direction detector, the operation status interface, the shared variable frequency water pump, the electric proportional regulating valve, the valve position feedback device, the flow sensor, the horizontal drive, the pitch drive, the horizontal angle detector, the pitch angle detector, and the main water supply flow sensor, respectively. The controller is configured to: use the particulate matter concentration at the upwind boundary particulate matter monitoring node as the background particulate matter concentration; determine the dust source area based on the concentration increment, continuous upward trend, and dust control operation start signal of each control zone; determine the propagation zone and boundary interception zone based on the location of the dust source area, real-time wind direction, real-time wind speed, and adjacency relationship; determine the zone target flow rate and nozzle target angle for each target spray zone; control the shared variable frequency water pump, electric proportional regulating valve, and adjustable nozzle to perform zone spraying; select the downwind boundary particulate matter monitoring node outside the direct spray range of the nozzle as the feedback node; adjust the zone target flow rate and nozzle target angle based on the PM2.5 and PM10 feedback concentrations of the feedback node; and sequentially stop the spraying of the dust source area, propagation zone, and boundary interception zone when the exit conditions are met.

[0022] The above technical solution involves setting up a memory for storing the topology table of the storage area, particulate matter monitoring nodes within the area, boundary particulate matter monitoring nodes at different locations, wind speed and direction detectors, and an operational status interface. This enables the system to simultaneously acquire spatial relationships, particulate matter concentration, wind field status, and dust operation status within the construction area, providing a physical monitoring basis for determining dust source areas and propagation zones. By employing a shared variable frequency water pump, multiple zoned water supply branches, electric proportional regulating valves, valve position feedback devices, and flow sensors, independent adjustment and feedback verification of the main water supply and zoned water supply can be achieved. By equipping adjustable nozzles with horizontal drive components, pitch drive components, and angle detectors, the controller can control and confirm the actual direction of the nozzles. The controller identifies the dust source area based on the upwind background concentration and corrects the flow rate and nozzle angle based on the downwind feedback concentration, thus forming a physical closed-loop system covering perception, analysis, execution, and feedback, improving the automation and executability of dust zone control at the construction site.

[0023] Furthermore, the direct spray range of the nozzle is the spray area defined by the spray axis of the adjustable nozzle and the rated diffusion angle; At least one boundary particulate matter monitoring node is set at each site boundary location, which is outside the direct spray range of the adjacent adjustable nozzle. The boundary interception zone is provided with multiple adjustable nozzles at intervals along the site boundary. The controller adjusts the nozzle target angle of each adjustable nozzle according to the real-time wind direction so that the spray coverage area of ​​adjacent adjustable nozzles at least partially overlaps. The controller selects a boundary particulate matter monitoring node located downwind from multiple boundary particulate matter monitoring nodes as a feedback node based on the real-time wind direction.

[0024] The above technical solution, by defining the direct spray range of the adjustable nozzles using their spray axis and rated diffusion angle, provides a clear spatial basis for the installation location of boundary particulate matter monitoring nodes and the selection of feedback nodes. Placing boundary particulate matter monitoring nodes outside the direct spray range of adjacent nozzles reduces the possibility of particulate matter concentration measurement deviations caused by spray droplets directly entering the monitoring area. By spaced multiple adjustable nozzles along the site boundary and adjusting their angles according to real-time wind direction, the spray coverage areas of adjacent nozzles partially overlap, creating continuous spray coverage at the downwind boundary and reducing interception gaps between adjacent nozzles. The controller dynamically selects downwind feedback nodes from monitoring nodes at different boundary locations, continuously monitoring the actual dust escape direction when wind direction changes, improving the matching degree between boundary feedback data and dust propagation direction.

[0025] Furthermore, it also includes: a level sensor installed at the water source; a pump outlet pressure sensor installed at the outlet of the shared variable frequency water pump; a pump current sensor for detecting the operating current of the shared variable frequency water pump; branch pressure sensors installed in each zone's water supply branch; and water depth sensors installed in at least some control areas. The controller is also connected to the level sensor, pump outlet pressure sensor, pump current sensor, branch pressure sensor, and water depth sensor, and is configured to: When the water source level is lower than the preset minimum level, the shared variable frequency water pump will be stopped. When the water source level is not lower than the preset minimum level, the pump operating current deviates from the preset operating current range, and the pump outlet pressure is lower than the preset minimum outlet pressure, the shared variable frequency pump is determined to be abnormal and the shared variable frequency pump is stopped. When the actual opening of the electric proportional control valve reaches the target opening, the corresponding branch pressure is higher than the preset branch pressure, and the actual flow rate is lower than the preset minimum branch flow rate, it is determined that the corresponding adjustable nozzle or filter component is blocked, and the corresponding electric proportional control valve is closed. If the actual opening degree of the electric proportional control valve does not reach the target opening degree, the electric proportional control valve is determined to be abnormal, and the corresponding water supply branch of the zone is shut off. When the water depth on the ground reaches the preset water depth or the real-time wind speed reaches the preset upper limit of the spray wind speed, close the corresponding electric proportional regulating valve or stop the shared variable frequency water pump.

[0026] The above technical solution, by setting up level sensors, pump outlet pressure sensors, pump current sensors, branch pressure sensors, and water depth sensors, enables the system to obtain operational status from multiple levels, including the water source, main water supply equipment, zoned water supply branches, and the construction site. By combining the judgment of water source level, pump current, and pump outlet pressure, it can distinguish between insufficient water supply and abnormalities in the shared variable frequency pump itself. By combining the judgment of the actual opening degree of the electric proportional regulating valve, branch pressure, and actual flow rate, it can identify the blockage status of adjustable nozzles, filter components, or the end of the branch, and distinguish it from the execution abnormality of valves not reaching the target opening degree. Closing the corresponding valves or stopping the pump for different abnormalities can reduce the scope of fault impact and prevent a single branch failure from causing continuous abnormal operation of the entire sprinkler system. Simultaneously, implementing protective controls based on water depth and wind speed can reduce site water accumulation, spray drift, and ineffective water consumption, improving the operational safety, fault location capability, and maintenance efficiency of the sprinkler system.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial technical effects: 1. This invention establishes a construction site topology based on the location of dust-generating operations, the coverage area of ​​the spray system, and the adjacency relationship of control zones. Combining PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations, dust-generating operation initiation signals, and real-time wind speed and direction in each control zone, it continuously identifies dust source areas, propagation areas, and boundary interception areas, and determines the target flow rate and nozzle angle for each target spray area. Through the coordinated control of a shared variable frequency water pump, electric proportional control valve, and adjustable nozzles, it achieves dust source suppression, propagation path settling, and site boundary interception. Furthermore, it utilizes monitoring nodes downwind and outside the direct spray range of the nozzles for feedback adjustment, dynamically adjusting the spray area, spray direction, and water supply according to changes in dust concentration and wind field. This improves the targeting, timeliness, and continuity of dust control, and reduces ineffective water usage caused by indiscriminate spraying across the entire site. 2. This invention improves the reliability of particulate matter concentration, wind field parameters, and operational status data through timestamp matching, timeout and interruption data exclusion, and water mist interference identification, reducing misjudgments caused by data delays, sensor malfunctions, or interference from spray droplets. Through tiered control including pre-dust suppression, feedback delay, nozzle angle adjustment, flow rate enhancement, and spray area expansion, the system can suppress dust before it is generated and progressively enhance control when dust suppression is insufficient. During normal shutdown, the dust source area, propagation area, and boundary interception area are closed sequentially to reduce residual dust escape. Simultaneously, by combining liquid level, pressure, current, valve position, flow rate, water depth, and wind speed for fault identification and protective shutdown, it avoids pump water shortage operation, branch blockage, spray failure, site water accumulation, and strong wind drift, improving system operational safety, fault location capability, and maintenance efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the construction dust multi-parameter sensing and zoned closed-loop spray control method of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the layout of the construction site control zone, monitoring nodes, and target spraying zone according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a block diagram of the construction dust multi-parameter sensing and zoned closed-loop sprinkler control system of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the zoned water supply branch circuit of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the feedback closed loop and hierarchical adjustment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate embodiments of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this application will be thorough and complete.

[0030] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0031] Example 1: Reference Figure 1 A method for multi-parameter sensing and zoned closed-loop sprinkler control of construction dust includes the following specific steps: S1. Divide the construction site into multiple control zones according to the location of dust-generating operations and the coverage of spraying, and establish a regional topology table to record the boundaries of the control zones, their adjacency relationships, the particulate matter monitoring nodes within the zones, and the water supply branches of the zones. S2. Collect PM2.5 concentration, PM10 concentration, dust control operation start signal, real-time wind speed, and real-time wind direction in each control area. Use the particulate matter concentration at the particulate matter monitoring node at the upper wind boundary as the background particulate matter concentration. S3. When the concentration increment of the control area relative to the background particulate matter concentration reaches the source area threshold, rises continuously, and the dust control operation start signal is valid, it is determined as a dust source area. S4. Based on the location, wind direction, wind speed and adjacency of the dust source area, determine the propagation area whose directional angle and regional distance meet the preset propagation conditions, and determine the control area that intersects with the site boundary or is no more than the preset boundary distance as the boundary interception area. S5. Take the dust source area, propagation area and boundary interception area as the target spray area, determine the target flow rate and nozzle target angle of the target spray area; control the common variable frequency water pump according to the sum of the target flow rates of each zone, control the electric proportional regulating valve according to the deviation between the zone target flow rate and the actual flow rate, and control the adjustable nozzle to achieve the nozzle target angle. S6. Select the boundary particulate matter monitoring node downwind and outside the direct spray range of the nozzle as the feedback node, and adjust the zone target flow and nozzle target angle according to its PM2.5 feedback concentration and PM10 feedback concentration. S7. When the PM2.5 and PM10 feedback concentrations are continuously lower than the corresponding exit thresholds and the dust control operation start signal fails, the spraying in the dust source area, the propagation area and the boundary interception area shall be shut down in sequence; the spraying shall be resumed when any feedback concentration reaches the recovery threshold higher than the corresponding exit threshold.

[0032] refer to Figures 1-5Specifically, taking a residential and commercial supporting project construction site as an example, the following describes a multi-parameter sensing and zoned closed-loop sprinkler control method for construction dust. Project data indicates the total land area is 14919.33 m². Therefore, in this embodiment, the construction site is approximated as a rectangular control boundary with an east-west direction of 150 m and a north-south direction of 100 m, corresponding to a modeling area of ​​approximately 15000 m². This rectangular boundary is used to illustrate the division of the control zone and the control process; in actual implementation, the overall construction plan, site boundary coordinates, and site fencing locations will be used as the reference.

[0033] This embodiment fully discloses the control zone division, multi-parameter acquisition, time synchronization, pre-dust suppression, dust source area identification, propagation zone determination, wind direction switching, pump, valve and nozzle coordinated adjustment, feedback control, normal exit and protection shutdown process; the following specific parameters are the initial commissioning parameters of this project, which can be corrected according to the actual on-site measurement data.

[0034] I. Construction Site and Sprinkler Equipment Layout

[0035] The southwest corner of the construction site is taken as the origin of the coordinate system. , with eastward The positive direction of the axis, with north as the reference point. Establish a Cartesian coordinate system along the positive axis.

[0036] The construction site is equipped with one construction water source, one shared variable frequency water pump, one main water supply pipe, twelve zoned water supply branches, multiple electric proportional regulating valves, multiple adjustable nozzles, particulate matter monitoring nodes within the zone, boundary particulate matter monitoring nodes, wind speed and direction detectors, and operation status interfaces and controllers.

[0037] The shared variable frequency water pump has a rated flow rate of 12 m³ / h, a rated outlet pressure of 0.50 MPa, and a frequency conversion operating range of 30–50 Hz. During sprinkler operation, the main water supply pipe pressure is maintained at 0.35–0.50 MPa.

[0038] Each adjustable nozzle can rotate horizontally and vertically. The nozzle working pressure is 0.35-0.50 MPa, the flow rate of a single nozzle is 4-6 L / min, and the effective spraying distance is 8-12 m. Each control zone is equipped with 4-8 adjustable nozzles according to the dust control location and spraying path. The control zone is a logical control area and does not require a single nozzle to cover the entire control zone.

[0039] Each water supply branch is equipped with an electric proportional regulating valve and a flow sensor. The opening range of the electric proportional regulating valve is 0 to 100%.

[0040] Each particulate matter monitoring node in the zone includes at least a PM2.5 sensor, a PM10 sensor, and a humidity sensor.

[0041] II. Step S1: Divide the control area and establish a regional topology table

[0042] Based on the location of dust control operations, construction roads, material unloading areas, earthwork excavation areas, and the spray coverage of adjustable nozzles, the construction site is divided into twelve control zones, Z1-Z12.

[0043] The twelve control zones are arranged in four columns and three rows, with each basic control zone measuring approximately 37.5m × 33.3m, as detailed below:

[0044] Three boundary particulate matter monitoring nodes BW1-BW3 are set up on the west side of the construction site, three boundary particulate matter monitoring nodes BE1-BE3 are set up on the east side, two boundary particulate matter monitoring nodes BS1 and BS2 are set up on the south side, and two boundary particulate matter monitoring nodes BN1 and BN2 are set up on the north side.

[0045] The controller establishes a regional topology table. The regional topology table must record at least the control zone number, control zone boundary, adjacent control zone numbers, particulate matter monitoring node numbers within the zone, zone water supply branch numbers, electric proportional regulating valve numbers, adjustable sprinkler head numbers, and preset dust suppression operation locations.

[0046] For example, control zone Z6 corresponds to particulate matter monitoring node M6, zoned water supply branch P6, and electric proportional regulating valve V6 within the zone, and adjacent control zones are Z2, Z5, Z7, and Z10.

[0047] III. Data Acquisition Cycle and Time Synchronization; In this embodiment, 10 seconds is set as a control cycle.

[0048] PM2.5 concentration, PM10 concentration, humidity, real-time wind speed, real-time wind direction, and dust control operation start signal are all configured with a unified timestamp. The controller matches data with timestamps within the same 10-second time window as the same set of control data.

[0049] For multiple particulate matter concentration values ​​collected within a control cycle, the arithmetic mean is used as the particulate matter concentration for that control cycle. For dust control operation start signals, the dust control operation start signal for that control cycle is determined to be valid as long as at least one valid signal is received within that control cycle.

[0050] When the timestamp of a certain data item is more than 30 seconds away from the current control time, the data item is identified as timeout data; when a certain data item is not received for three consecutive control cycles, the data item is identified as interrupt data.

[0051] Data that has been delayed or interrupted will not be used to determine the dust source area and the spread area.

[0052] IV. Step S2: Collect multiple parameters and determine the background particulate matter concentration; The particulate matter monitoring nodes M1-M12 in the area collected the PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations of their respective control areas.

[0053] The operation status interface receives signals from construction machinery start-up, vehicle entry, material unloading, and construction task start.

[0054] The wind speed and direction detector collects real-time wind speed and direction. The controller converts the meteorological wind direction into the air propagation direction. For example, when the meteorological wind direction is westerly, the real-time wind direction is from west to east.

[0055] The controller determines the side from which air enters the construction site based on the real-time wind direction and identifies the particulate matter monitoring node at that side boundary as the upwind boundary particulate matter monitoring node.

[0056] For particulate matter type The background particulate matter concentration is determined according to the following formula: ; in: For the first Background particulate matter concentration for each control cycle; To effectively increase the number of particulate matter monitoring nodes at the upwind boundary; For the first Particulate matter concentration detected by a particulate matter monitoring node at the upwind boundary; It is either PM2.5 or PM10.

[0057] For example, if the real-time wind direction is from west to east, and BW1–BW3 are selected as the upwind boundary particulate matter monitoring nodes, and the PM2.5 concentrations detected by BW1–BW3 during a certain control period are 21 μg / m³, 22 μg / m³, and 23 μg / m³, respectively, then: ; The PM10 concentrations detected by BW1-BW3 were 45 μg / m³, 48 μg / m³, and 51 μg / m³, respectively. Therefore: ; V. Step S3: Determine the pre-dust suppression zone and dust source zone; 1. On-site calibration of the source region threshold: The source region threshold is calibrated based on the background fluctuations during non-operational periods for 7 consecutive days.

[0058] For particulate matter type and control area The source region threshold is: ; in: For control area The source region threshold; The minimum source region threshold; This represents the standard deviation of particulate matter concentration during non-working periods.

[0059] In this embodiment: ; If the minimum source region threshold is set to 10 μg / m³ and 20 μg / m³ respectively, then: ; ; During engineering control, the values ​​are rounded up, with the PM2.5 source area threshold set at 15 μg / m³ and the PM10 source area threshold set at 30 μg / m³.

[0060] 2. Concentration increment calculation, control area The increase in PM2.5 concentration is: ; The increase in PM10 concentration was: ; A continuous increase refers to an increase in PM2.5 concentration or PM10 concentration over at least two consecutive control periods. This embodiment uses three consecutive control periods for determination. ; 3. Pre-dust suppression control; establish in advance the correspondence between dust operation types and pre-dust suppression flow rates:

[0061] The excavator starts, and the dust control start signal corresponding to Z6 is valid. At this time: ; ; Since neither of the two concentration increments reached the corresponding source area threshold, the controller identified Z6 as the pre-dust suppression zone and started the zone water supply branch P6 with a pre-dust suppression flow rate of 12L / min.

[0062] 4. Dust source area identified; with continuous excavator operation, the concentration increase of Z6 over three consecutive control cycles is as follows:

[0063] Both PM2.5 and PM10 concentration increments have been rising continuously, and at least one has reached the corresponding source area threshold. At the same time, the excavator start signal is valid. Therefore, Z6 has been changed from a pre-dust suppression zone to a dust source area.

[0064] VI. Water mist interference data identification: The direct spray range of the nozzle is jointly limited by the spray axis, the rated diffusion angle, and the effective spray distance.

[0065] In this embodiment, the rated diffusion angle of the nozzle is 30° and the effective spray distance is 10m. Therefore, the direct spray range of the nozzle is a fan-shaped area with a length of 10m, 15° on each side of the spray axis as the center.

[0066] Define the humidity increment as: The increase in particulate matter concentration after the spray system starts is defined as: The criteria for judging water mist interference are: ;and: ; in: For monitoring nodes of particulate matter within the area directly sprayed by the nozzle; These are adjacent particulate matter monitoring nodes located outside the direct spray range of the nozzles within the zone; ; .

[0067] For example, after the spray system is activated, M7, which is within the direct spray range, detects: ; ; M11, which is adjacent to and outside the direct injection range, was detected to have: ;but: Since 21 μg / m³ is greater than 20 μg / m³, the data collected by M7 during the current control cycle is determined to be water mist interference data.

[0068] Water mist interference data is not included in the spray control of the current control cycle and the next control cycle. The controller uses data from M11 or other adjacent nodes that are not affected by water mist interference for auxiliary judgment.

[0069] VII. Step S4: Determine the propagation zone and boundary interception zone, taking the dust-generating operation location (60, 50) within the dust source area Z6 as the propagation starting point; establish a candidate control zone. The geometric center coordinates are The coordinates of the dust control operation location are Then the candidate propagation direction is: The calculation results are normalized to 0° to 360°.

[0070] Candidate propagation direction and real-time trend The angle between their directions is: The preset directional angle is 35°; the distance between the candidate control area and the dust control operation location is: ; The relationship between wind speed and propagation distance is as follows: 40m; 80m; 120m; 150m; It has entered a strong wind correction phase; Implement strong wind protection shutdown; The actual effective propagation distance used is: ;in, This is the distance from the dust control operation location to the site boundary along the real-time wind direction.

[0071] In this embodiment, the real-time wind direction is from west to east: Real-time wind speed is: The corresponding initial propagation distance is: The distance from the dust control operation location to the eastern boundary of the site is: ; therefore: ; The geometric center of control region Z7 is approximately (93.75, 49.95), then: ; ; ; Z7 satisfies the conditions of directional angle, propagation distance, and continuous adjacency, and is therefore determined to be the propagation zone.

[0072] The geometric center of control region Z8 is approximately (131.25, 49.95), then: ; ; ; Z8 is consecutively adjacent to Z7 and Z6, and the distance between them is less than the effective propagation distance, so it is also identified as a propagation zone.

[0073] Since Z8 intersects with the eastern boundary of the construction site, Z8 is further designated as the boundary interception zone.

[0074] Candidate control zones need to be connected to the dust source area through no more than three consecutive adjacent control zones to avoid including remote control zones that lack topological connections with the dust propagation path in the spraying range.

[0075] 8. Step S5: Determine the target flow rate and nozzle target angle for each zone; define the dust source zone Z6, the propagation zone Z7, and the boundary interception zone Z8 as the target spray zones.

[0076] The following target flow rate correspondence is adopted for each zone: Zone type: Dust source area, moderate dust condition: 32L / min, high dust condition: 40L / min; Zone type: Transmission zone, moderate dust condition: 24L / min, high dust condition: 28L / min; Zone type: Boundary interception zone, moderate dust condition: 28L / min, high dust condition: 32L / min; When the increase in PM2.5 concentration is 15–35 μg / m³, or the increase in PM10 concentration is 30–80 μg / m³, it is determined to be a moderate dusty state; when it exceeds the above range, it is determined to be a high dusty state.

[0077] In this embodiment, Z6 is controlled according to the high dust level, then: ; The target traffic for partition Z7 is: The target traffic for partition Z8 is: ; The total target traffic is: ;Right now: ; converted to: ; 1. Shared variable frequency water pump control; During the system commissioning phase, the flow rate of the shared variable frequency water pump is calibrated to obtain exemplary frequency-flow rate correspondences: pump frequency 30Hz, 4.5m³ / h; pump frequency 35Hz, 6.2m³ / h; pump frequency 40Hz, 8.0m³ / h; pump frequency 45Hz, 10.0m³ / h; pump frequency 50Hz, 12.0m³ / h. When the total target flow rate is 6 m³ / h, the pump feedforward frequency is determined by linear interpolation: The calculation yielded: The controller sets the initial operating frequency of the shared variable frequency water pump to 34.4Hz.

[0078] If the relative error between the actual total flow rate and the total target flow rate in the main water supply pipe exceeds 5%, the pump frequency will be increased or decreased by 1Hz in each control cycle, until: ; 2. Electric proportional control valve; When the main water supply pressure is approximately 0.45 MPa, the relationship between the opening degree of the electric proportional control valve and the branch flow rate is pre-calibrated as follows: Valve opening: 40%, branch flow rate: 18 L / min; Valve opening: 50%, branch flow rate: 24 L / min; Valve opening: 60%, branch flow rate: 30 L / min; Valve opening: 70%, branch flow rate: 36 L / min; Valve opening: 80%, branch flow rate: 42 L / min; Accordingly, the initial opening of V6 is set to approximately 77%, the initial opening of V7 is set to approximately 57%, and the initial opening of V8 is set to approximately 63%.

[0079] Definition of the first The flow deviation of each zone's water supply branch is: ;when: At the same time, adjust the corresponding electric proportional control valve according to the opening step of 2% for each control cycle until the relative error between the actual flow rate and the target flow rate of the zone does not exceed 10%.

[0080] 3. Nozzle target angle control; the nozzle target angle includes the target horizontal angle and the target pitch angle.

[0081] Let the nozzle position be The location of the dust control operation is The target horizontal angle of the nozzles in the dust source area is: ; The target pitch angle is: For example, if an adjustable nozzle in Z6 is located at (48, 50, 3), and the dust suppression operation position is (60, 50, 1), then: ; ; Therefore, the target horizontal angle of the nozzle is set to 0°, and the target pitch angle is set to 9.46° downwards.

[0082] The adjustable nozzles within the propagation zone Z7 spray along the real-time wind direction; in this embodiment, the target horizontal angle is 0°.

[0083] The adjustable nozzles within the boundary interception zone Z8 spray at a 90° interception angle with the real-time wind direction, so that the spray coverage areas of adjacent nozzles at least partially overlap.

[0084] If the nozzle has a rated diffusion angle of 30° and an effective spray distance of 10m, then the approximate effective spray width is: ; in: ; .

[0085] but: When the distance between adjacent nozzles is 4.5m, the overlap width is approximately: The overlap ratio is: ; Therefore, the spray coverage area of ​​adjacent adjustable nozzles can form a continuous boundary interception zone.

[0086] When the error between the actual horizontal angle of the nozzle and the target horizontal angle is no greater than 3°, and the error between the actual pitch angle and the target pitch angle is no greater than 3°, the adjustable nozzle is considered to have reached the target nozzle angle.

[0087] 9. Sprayer switching during wind direction changes: To reduce frequent switching caused by instantaneous gusts, the real-time circumferential average of the wind direction over three consecutive control cycles is used as the control wind direction.

[0088] Controlled wind direction: When the change in the controlled wind direction relative to the original controlled wind direction reaches 30° and lasts for no less than 30 seconds, the wind direction switching threshold is considered to have been reached.

[0089] For example, if the original control wind direction was 0° and the new control wind direction is stable at 45°, then the propagation zone and the boundary interception zone are redefined.

[0090] The direction from the dust operation location (60, 50) to the geometric center of Z11 is approximately 45°, and Z11 is defined as the new propagation zone; Z12 is located in this propagation direction and intersects with the northern or eastern boundary of the site, and Z12 is defined as the new boundary interception zone.

[0091] The controller first activates P11 and P12, adjusting the corresponding nozzles to achieve the new nozzle target angle.

[0092] When the following conditions are met: ;and: ; After two control cycles, it was determined that the new propagation zone and boundary interception zone spraying had been established.

[0093] Subsequently, the electric proportional control valves corresponding to the original propagation zone Z7 and the original boundary interception zone Z8 are lowered and closed.

[0094] 10. Step S6: Select feedback nodes and implement feedback adjustment.

[0095] Based on the real-time wind direction, the controller selects the boundary particulate matter monitoring node that is outside the direct spray range of all open nozzles from multiple boundary particulate matter monitoring nodes on the current downwind side as the feedback node.

[0096] When the real-time wind direction is from west to east, a feedback node is selected from BE1 to BE3. For example, if BE1 is located within the direct spray range of the Z8 nozzle, while BE2 is located outside the direct spray range of the nozzle, then BE2 is selected as the feedback node.

[0097] The feedback delay time is dynamically determined based on the path distance from the dust control operation location to the feedback node and the real-time wind speed: ; in: This represents the path distance from the dust control operation location to the feedback node. Real-time wind speed; To allow for additional time for spray setup and particulate response, this embodiment uses 20 seconds; This indicates that the results will be limited to 60–180 seconds.

[0098] In this embodiment: ; ;but: Based on the minimum feedback delay limit, take: 60 seconds after the spray system starts, it begins to read the PM2.5 and PM10 feedback concentrations from the feedback nodes.

[0099] This embodiment uses the following internal closed-loop control parameters: target concentration: 70 μg / m³; exit threshold: 60 μg / m³; recovery threshold: 80 μg / m³.

[0100] satisfy: The feedback decrease over three consecutive control cycles is as follows: In this embodiment, the preset decrease rate is set to 10%.

[0101] For example, if the PM10 feedback concentration decreases from 96 μg / m³ three control cycles ago to the current 90 μg / m³, then: Since the PM10 feedback concentration is still higher than the target concentration of 70 μg / m³, and the feedback decrease is less than 10%, the controller will adjust in stages according to the following order.

[0102] First, reread the real-time wind direction and adjust the nozzle target angle.

[0103] Second, continue to observe for three control cycles after the nozzle reaches the new target angle. If the feedback decrease is still less than 10%, increase the target flow rate of the corresponding target spray zone by 20%.

[0104] For example, the target flow rate for the Z8 boundary interception zone is increased from 32 L / min to: ; In this embodiment, the maximum flow rate of the boundary interception zone is set to 45L / min.

[0105] Third, when the target flow rate of a zone reaches 45 L / min, and the feedback decrease is still less than 10%, the next control zone located downwind of the current zone and adjacent to the original target spray zone will be added to the target spray zone.

[0106] 11. Step S7: Normal exit and resumption of spraying

[0107] Normal exit will be executed when the following conditions are met simultaneously: PM2.5 feedback concentration is below 30 μg / m³ for 12 consecutive control cycles; PM10 feedback concentration is below 60 μg / m³ for 12 consecutive control cycles; and the dust control operation start signal remains inactive for no less than 60 seconds.

[0108] Since a control cycle is 10 seconds, the duration of low concentration is: ;

[0109] The normal exit process is as follows: close the electric proportional regulating valve V6 corresponding to dust source zone Z6; continue spraying in propagation zone Z7 and boundary interception zone Z8 for 120 seconds; close the electric proportional regulating valve V7 corresponding to propagation zone Z7; close the electric proportional regulating valve V8 corresponding to boundary interception zone Z8; stop the shared variable frequency water pump when there are no other spraying tasks; enter the exit observation state.

[0110] When the monitoring state is off, if the PM2.5 reported concentration reaches 40 μg / m³ or the PM10 reported concentration reaches 80 μg / m³, the propagation zone and boundary interception zone are redefined based on the current real-time wind direction, and the spraying is resumed.

[0111] 12. Protection and Shutdown Control

[0112] 1. Low water level protection: A water level sensor is installed in the water source. When the water level is lower than 20% of the effective height of the water tank, or when the vertical distance from the water surface to the water pump inlet is less than 0.30m, all electric proportional regulating valves are closed and the shared variable frequency water pump is stopped.

[0113] 2. Low pressure protection at the water pump outlet; the preset minimum outlet pressure is: ; When the water source level is not lower than the preset minimum level, the shared variable frequency water pump is in operation, and the water pump outlet pressure is lower than 0.30MPa for 10 consecutive seconds, the shared variable frequency water pump will be stopped, and an abnormal signal for the water pump or main water supply pipeline will be output.

[0114] Abnormal signals should include at least the time of the abnormality, the pump operating frequency, the pump outlet pressure, the actual total flow rate of the main water supply pipe, and the number of the currently activated zone water supply branch.

[0115] 3. Zoned water supply branch abnormality protection: Zoned water supply branch abnormality judgment is only performed when the water pump outlet pressure is not lower than 0.30MPa.

[0116] When the error between the actual opening degree and the target opening degree of the electric proportional control valve does not exceed 5%, and the actual flow rate of the corresponding zone water supply branch is lower than 50% of the zone target flow rate for 30 seconds, the zone water supply branch is identified as an abnormal branch.

[0117] Right now: ;and: The controller closes the corresponding electric proportional regulating valve and outputs a branch abnormality signal containing the control zone number, the zone water supply branch number, the target opening degree, the actual opening degree, the zone target flow rate, the actual flow rate, and the time of the abnormality occurrence.

[0118] 4. Ground water accumulation protection: A water depth sensor is installed in the target spray area. When the ground water depth in the target spray area reaches or exceeds 15mm and lasts for 60s, the electric proportional regulating valve corresponding to the target spray area is closed; other target spray areas that have not accumulated water continue to operate.

[0119] 5. Strong wind protection: When the real-time wind speed reaches 5 m / s and lasts for 30 seconds, it enters strong wind correction mode, reduces the nozzle pitch angle, adjusts the spray direction, and prioritizes maintaining spraying in the boundary interception area. When the real-time wind speed reaches 8 m / s and lasts for 30 seconds, the electric proportional regulating valve corresponding to the open-air target spraying area is closed; when there are no other spraying tasks in the obstructed areas, the shared variable frequency water pump is stopped.

[0120] Example 2: Reference Figures 2-5 The following describes a multi-parameter sensing and zoned closed-loop sprinkler control system for construction dust, in conjunction with the aforementioned method embodiments. This embodiment follows the construction site modeling results in the method embodiments, that is, the construction site is approximately modeled as 150m east-west and 100m north-south, and divided into twelve control zones Z1-Z12. The control zone boundaries, adjacency relationships, dust source area determination, propagation zone determination, zone target flow calculation, and normal exit sequence adopt the corresponding settings in the aforementioned method embodiments. This embodiment focuses on disclosing the system structure, component connection relationships, equipment layout, feedback monitoring structure, and fault protection structure required to implement the above method, so as to avoid repeating the same control steps.

[0121] I. System Overall Structure; The construction dust multi-parameter sensing and zoned closed-loop sprinkler control system in this embodiment includes a memory, a controller, twelve particulate matter monitoring nodes M1-M12 in each zone, multiple boundary particulate matter monitoring nodes, wind speed and direction detectors, an operation status interface, a water supply component, a main water supply flow sensor, multiple adjustable nozzles, as well as a liquid level sensor, a water pump outlet pressure sensor, a water pump current sensor, a branch pressure sensor, and a water depth sensor.

[0122] The controller is located in a control cabinet at the construction site and includes an industrial control computer and a programmable logic controller (PLC). The industrial control computer is used to manage regional topology data, identify dust source areas, determine the propagation zone and boundary interception zone, generate zoned target flow rates, generate nozzle target angles, select feedback nodes, and analyze fault conditions. The PLC is used to perform real-time control of the shared variable frequency water pump, electric proportional regulating valve, horizontal drive components, and pitch drive components.

[0123] The industrial control computer and programmable logic controller are connected via industrial Ethernet. Particulate matter monitoring nodes, wind speed and direction detectors, flow sensors, pressure sensors, and angle detectors are connected to the controller via industrial Ethernet, RS-485 bus, or 4-20mA analog interfaces.

[0124] The memory uses non-volatile memory within an industrial control computer to store area topology tables, equipment configuration tables, wind speed-propagation distance correspondences, flow rate calibration relationships, nozzle structural parameters, and historical monitoring data.

[0125] II. Regional topology table and device mapping; A regional topology table is established in the memory. Each record in the regional topology table corresponds to a control area and includes at least the control area number, control area boundary, adjacent control area numbers, particulate matter monitoring node number within the area, zone water supply branch number, electric proportional regulating valve number, flow sensor number, adjustable nozzle number, preset dust control operation location, and boundary marker.

[0126] Taking control area Z6 as an example, its area topology record is as follows (data fields, example content): Control area number, Z6; Control area boundary, , ; Adjacent control zones, Z2, Z5, Z7, Z10; Particulate matter monitoring node within the zone, M6; Zoned water supply branch, P6; Electric proportional regulating valve, V6; Flow sensor, F6; Adjustable nozzle, N6-1~N6-6; Preset dust control operation location, (60,50); Boundary marker, non-boundary control zone. The controller establishes a correlation between particulate matter concentration, dust control operation start signal, water supply branch, and adjustable sprinkler head with the corresponding control zone based on the area topology table. When changes in the construction phase cause changes in the location of dust control operations, construction roads, or sprinkler devices, the area topology table can be updated through the human-machine interface without changing the controller's basic control program.

[0127] III. Particulate Matter Monitoring Structure; 1. Particulate matter monitoring nodes within the zone; Particulate matter monitoring nodes M1-M12 are respectively set up in the corresponding control zones. Each particulate matter monitoring node includes a PM2.5 detection unit, a PM10 detection unit, a humidity detection unit, a data acquisition module, a communication module, and a protective shell.

[0128] The PM2.5 and PM10 detection units employ laser scattering particulate matter detectors, with a detection range of 0–1000 μg / m³, a resolution of 1 μg / m³, and a raw data update cycle of 1 second. The controller averages the data within a control cycle every 10 seconds to determine the PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations for the corresponding control area.

[0129] Particulate matter monitoring nodes within the area should be set at a height of 2.5–3 meters above the ground, avoiding locations such as vehicle exhaust vents, fixed water spray nozzles, and areas easily obscured by materials. In control areas with high dust intensity, such as earthwork excavation areas and material unloading areas, two or more particulate matter monitoring nodes can be set up, and the measured values ​​can be the average or the maximum value.

[0130] 2. Boundary particulate matter monitoring nodes; multiple boundary particulate matter monitoring nodes are distributed at different locations along the construction site boundary. In this embodiment, BW1, BW2, and BW3 are set on the west side, BE1, BE2, and BE3 are set on the east side, BS1 and BS2 are set on the south side, and BN1 and BN2 are set on the north side.

[0131] Example coordinates of each boundary particulate matter monitoring node are as follows (node, coordinate): BW1, (0,16.7); BW2, (0,50); BW3, (0,83.3); BE1, (150,16.7); BE2, (150,50); BE3, (150,83.3); BS1, (50,0); BS2, (100,0); BN1, (50,100); BN2, (100,100); Each boundary particulate matter monitoring node is capable of collecting PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations in its corresponding direction. Based on real-time wind direction, the controller identifies the boundary particulate matter monitoring node on the side where air enters the construction site as the upwind boundary particulate matter monitoring node and uses its detected value as the background particulate matter concentration; simultaneously, it selects a feedback node from the boundary particulate matter monitoring nodes on the side where air leaves the construction site.

[0132] IV. Wind speed and direction detector and operation status interface; The wind speed and direction detectors are installed on the top of unobstructed poles at the construction site, at a height of approximately 10m. The wind speed detection range is 0–30m / s with a resolution of 0.1m / s; the wind direction detection range is 0–360° with a resolution of 1°.

[0133] The wind speed and direction detector outputs wind speed and direction data every 1 second. The controller converts the meteorological wind direction into the actual direction of air propagation and uses the circumferential average wind direction of three consecutive control cycles as the real-time wind direction to reduce frequent regional switching caused by gusts.

[0134] The operation status interface is used to receive dust control operation start signals corresponding to each control zone. The dust control operation start signals include at least one of the following: construction machinery start signal, vehicle entry signal, material unloading signal, and construction task start signal.

[0135] The start signal for construction machinery can be sent by the power status detector, engine running interface, or equipment management platform of the construction machinery; the vehicle entry signal can be sent by the vehicle identification camera, ground inductive loop, or gate controller; the material unloading signal can be sent by the unloading area camera, weighing device, or on-site operation terminal; and the construction task start signal can be sent by the construction plan management platform.

[0136] Each piece of equipment or task is associated with a control zone number. For example, the equipment information for excavator E06 includes equipment number E06, its control zone Z6, and its current coordinates. The operation type is earthwork excavation and dust control operation start signal status.

[0137] V. Water supply components, which include a water source, a shared variable frequency water pump, a main water supply pipe, and twelve zoned water supply branches P1-P12.

[0138] 1. Water source and shared variable frequency water pump; the water source is a construction water storage tank or a pressure-stabilized water tank connected to the construction water supply system.

[0139] The following are sample parameters for a shared variable frequency water pump (parameters, example values): Rated power, 4kW; Rated flow rate, 12m³ / h; Rated outlet pressure, 0.50MPa; Variable frequency operating range, 30~50Hz; Normal spray pressure, 0.35~0.50MPa.

[0140] The shared variable frequency water pump is connected to the controller via a frequency converter. The controller sends the target frequency to the frequency converter, and the frequency converter returns the current operating frequency, start / stop status, and fault status to the controller.

[0141] 2. Main water supply pipe and main water supply flow sensor; The main water supply pipe is connected to the outlet of the shared variable frequency water pump. The main water supply flow sensor is installed between the outlet of the shared variable frequency water pump and the branch locations of each zone's water supply branch, with a range of 0–15 m³ / h.

[0142] The controller determines the total target flow rate based on the sum of the target flow rates of all target spray zones, and adjusts the operating frequency of the shared variable frequency water pump based on the actual total flow rate detected by the main water supply flow sensor.

[0143] For example, when the target flow rates for the dust source area, propagation area, and boundary interception area are 40 L / min, 28 L / min, and 32 L / min, respectively, the total target flow rate is: ;Right now: The controller determines the initial operating frequency based on the pre-calibrated pump frequency-flow relationship and corrects it based on the actual total flow.

[0144] 3. Zoned water supply branch lines; Twelve zone water supply branches, P1-P12, supply water to their respective control zones. Each zone water supply branch is equipped with, in sequence along the water flow direction, an electric proportional regulating valve, a valve position feedback device, a branch pressure sensor, a filter component, a flow sensor, and an adjustable sprinkler assembly.

[0145] The opening range of the electric proportional control valve is 0–100%, and its control signal is 4–20mA or 0–10V. The valve position feedback device is used to detect the actual opening degree of the electric proportional control valve.

[0146] The branch pressure sensor is located downstream of the electric proportional control valve and upstream of the filter element, with a range of 0–1 MPa. The flow sensor is located downstream of the filter element, with a range of 0–60 L / min, and is used to detect the actual flow rate of the adjustable nozzle assembly.

[0147] By placing the branch pressure sensor upstream of the filter element and the flow sensor downstream of the filter element, it is possible to determine whether the filter element or the adjustable nozzle is clogged based on the combined state of increased branch pressure and decreased actual flow.

[0148] VI. Adjustable nozzle; Multiple adjustable sprinklers are connected to the corresponding zone water supply branches. Each control zone is equipped with 4 to 8 adjustable sprinklers. Each adjustable sprinkler includes a sprinkler body, a horizontal rotating base, a pitch rotating frame, a horizontal drive component, a pitch drive component, a horizontal angle detector, and a pitch angle detector.

[0149] The horizontal and pitch actuators use servo motors or stepper motors with reduction gears. The horizontal and pitch angle detectors use absolute encoders with a resolution of no more than 0.5°.

[0150] Example parameters for adjustable nozzles are as follows (parameters, example values): working pressure, 0.35~0.50MPa; single nozzle flow rate, 4~6L / min; effective spray distance, 8~12m; rated diffusion angle, 30°; horizontal rotation range, 0~360°; pitch rotation range, 30° downward to 30° upward.

[0151] The controller sends the target nozzle angle to the horizontal and vertical actuators and reads the actual angles fed back by the horizontal and vertical angle detectors. When both the horizontal and vertical angle errors are no greater than 3°, the adjustable nozzle is considered to have reached the target nozzle angle.

[0152] VII. Controller Function Configuration; The controller is connected to the memory, the particulate matter monitoring node in the area, the particulate matter monitoring node at the boundary, the wind speed and direction detector, the operation status interface, the shared variable frequency water pump, the electric proportional regulating valve, the valve position feedback device, the flow sensor, the horizontal drive, the pitch drive, the horizontal angle detector, the pitch angle detector, and the main water supply flow sensor.

[0153] The controller is configured to perform the following functions.

[0154] First, select upwind boundary particulate matter monitoring nodes based on real-time wind direction, and use their particulate matter concentration as the background particulate matter concentration; determine the dust source area based on the concentration increment of each control area relative to the background particulate matter concentration, the continuous upward trend, and the dust control operation start signal.

[0155] Second, the propagation zone and boundary interception zone are determined based on the location of the dust source area, real-time wind direction, real-time wind speed, and adjacency relationships in the regional topology table.

[0156] Third, based on the regional types of dust source areas, propagation areas, and boundary interception areas, the increase in particulate matter concentration, and the type of dust operation, determine the zoned target flow rate and nozzle target angle for each target spraying zone.

[0157] Fourth, control the shared variable frequency water pump based on the deviation between the sum of the target flow rates of each zone and the actual total flow rate of the main water supply pipe; control the electric proportional regulating valve based on the deviation between the target flow rates of each zone and the actual flow rates of the corresponding zone's water supply branch; and control the horizontal drive and pitch drive based on the deviation between the target angle of the sprinkler head and the actual angle of the sprinkler head.

[0158] Fifth, based on the real-time wind direction, select from multiple boundary particulate matter monitoring nodes that are located downwind and outside the direct spray range of all adjustable nozzles in the open state as feedback nodes, and adjust the zone target flow rate and nozzle target angle according to the PM2.5 and PM10 feedback concentrations collected by the feedback nodes.

[0159] Sixth, when the normal exit conditions are met, the spraying in the dust source area, the propagation area, and the boundary interception area shall be stopped in sequence. For example, when Z6 is the dust source area, Z7 is the propagation area, and Z8 is the boundary interception area, the controller shall first close the electric proportional regulating valve V6 corresponding to Z6, continue to maintain the preset holding time for spraying Z7 and Z8, and then close V7 and V8 in sequence.

[0160] 8. Direct spray range of the nozzles and boundary spray structure; The direct spray range of the nozzle is defined by the spray axis, rated diffusion angle, and effective spray distance of the adjustable nozzle.

[0161] Let the first The planar coordinates of the adjustable nozzles are The direction of the jet axis is The rated diffusion angle is The effective spray distance is Boundary particulate matter monitoring nodes are .

[0162] The distance from the boundary particulate matter monitoring node to the adjustable nozzle is: The directional angle from the adjustable nozzle to the boundary particulate matter monitoring node is... The angle between this direction and the jet axis is: ; When both conditions are met: ;as well as: When the boundary particulate matter monitoring node is located within the direct spray range of the adjustable nozzle, it is determined that the boundary particulate matter monitoring node is located within the direct spray range of the nozzle.

[0163] The controller only allows a boundary particulate matter monitoring node to be selected as a feedback node if the node is not located within the direct spray range of any open adjustable nozzle.

[0164] For example, the particulate matter monitoring node BE2 on the eastern boundary is located at: ; The nearest adjustable nozzle is located at: ; The spray axis of the adjustable nozzle is 270°, and the directional angle from the adjustable nozzle to BE2 is approximately 301°. The included angle between the two is approximately: ; When the rated diffusion angle is 30°, the half-diffusion angle is 15°, because: ; Therefore, BE2 is outside the direct spray range of this adjustable nozzle. The controller continues to check other adjustable nozzles in the open state. After confirming that BE2 is not within their direct spray range, BE2 can be selected as the feedback node.

[0165] At least one boundary particulate matter monitoring node is set at each site boundary, which is outside the direct spray range of the adjacent adjustable nozzle.

[0166] Multiple adjustable nozzles are spaced along the boundary of the site in the boundary interception zone. The controller adjusts the target angle of each adjustable nozzle according to the real-time wind direction, so that the spray coverage areas of adjacent adjustable nozzles at least partially overlap.

[0167] When the nozzle's rated diffusion angle is 30° and the effective spray distance is 10m, the spray coverage width is approximately: ; Substitute: ; ; get: ; If the installation spacing between adjacent adjustable nozzles is set to 4.5m, then the overlap width is: ; The overlap ratio is: ; Thus, adjacent adjustable nozzles can form a continuous spray coverage strip along the site boundary.

[0168] IX. Protection and Testing Structure

[0169] A liquid level sensor is installed in the water source. The liquid level sensor is either an immersion liquid level transmitter or an ultrasonic liquid level sensor. The range is set according to the height of the water tank, for example, 0 to 3m.

[0170] A water pump outlet pressure sensor with a range of 0–1 MPa is installed at the outlet of the shared variable frequency water pump. The preset minimum outlet pressure is: ; A pump current sensor is installed in the power supply line of the shared variable frequency water pump motor to detect the operating current of the shared variable frequency water pump. The controller stores preset operating current ranges corresponding to different operating frequencies.

[0171] Examples of preset operating current ranges are as follows (pump frequency, preset operating current range): 30Hz, 4.2~6.2A; 35Hz, 5.0~7.2A; 40Hz, 5.8~8.0A; 45Hz, 6.5~8.8A; 50Hz, 7.2~9.5A; Each water supply branch is equipped with a branch pressure sensor. In this embodiment, the preset branch high-pressure threshold is set as follows: ; Water depth sensors should be installed at least in the earthwork operation area, low-lying areas along construction roads, and boundary interception areas. In this embodiment, water depth sensors are installed at Z2, Z4, Z6, Z8, Z10, and Z12, with a measurement range of 0–100 mm and a resolution of 1 mm. The preset water depth is: ; The controller is connected to the liquid level sensor, the water pump outlet pressure sensor, the water pump current sensor, the branch pressure sensor, and the water depth sensor, respectively.

[0172] 10. Fault diagnosis and protection control; 1. Insufficient water level; when the level sensor detects that the water level is lower than the preset minimum level, the controller stops the shared variable frequency water pump.

[0173] For example, if the effective height of the water tank is 2m and the preset minimum liquid level is 0.4m, when the detected liquid level is 0.35m, the controller will close the currently open electric proportional regulating valve and stop the shared variable frequency water pump.

[0174] 2. Common variable frequency water pump malfunction: When the water source level is not lower than the preset minimum level, the water pump operating current deviates from the preset operating current range corresponding to the current operating frequency, and the water pump outlet pressure is lower than the preset minimum outlet pressure, the controller determines that the common variable frequency water pump is malfunctioning and stops the common variable frequency water pump.

[0175] For example, the shared variable frequency water pump operates at a frequency of 35Hz, and its preset operating current range is 5.0~7.2A. Actual measurements show: ; The water level is 1.2m, which is higher than the preset minimum level. This is because: ;and: ; Therefore, the controller determines that the shared variable frequency water pump is malfunctioning and stops the shared variable frequency water pump.

[0176] 3. The adjustable nozzle or filter component is clogged; when the deviation between the actual opening degree and the target opening degree of the electric proportional control valve is no more than 5% and lasts for no less than 10 seconds, the actual opening degree of the electric proportional control valve is considered to have reached the target opening degree.

[0177] When the electric proportional control valve reaches the target opening degree, the corresponding branch pressure is higher than the preset branch high pressure threshold, and the actual flow rate is lower than the preset minimum branch flow rate, the controller determines that the corresponding adjustable nozzle or filter component is blocked.

[0178] For example, the target flow rate for partition P8 is 32L / min, and the preset minimum branch flow rate is 50% of the target flow rate for partition P8, i.e.: ; The target aperture of V8 is 64%, and the actual aperture is 62%, with a deviation of 2%. Therefore, V8 is considered to have reached the target aperture. At this point, the following was detected: ; ;because: ;and: ; After the above state continues for 30 seconds, the controller determines that the adjustable nozzle or filter component corresponding to P8 is blocked, shuts down V8 and outputs a blockage abnormality signal.

[0179] 4. Malfunction of the electric proportional control valve; when the actual opening degree of the electric proportional control valve does not reach the target opening degree, the controller determines that the electric proportional control valve is malfunctioning.

[0180] In this embodiment, "not reaching the target opening degree" is defined as: And last for at least 10 seconds.

[0181] For example, if the target opening of V7 is 60% and the actual opening is 38%, then: The value is greater than 5%. After the controller detects this state for 10 consecutive seconds, it determines that V7 is abnormal and shuts down the corresponding water supply branch P7.

[0182] 5. Ground water protection: When the ground water depth reaches or exceeds 15mm, the controller closes the corresponding electric proportional regulating valve.

[0183] To avoid accidental triggering due to instantaneous water accumulation, this embodiment further requires the water depth to reach 15mm and last for 60s.

[0184] For example, the Z8's water depth sensor detected for 60 consecutive seconds: ; The controller will then shut down V8, while other target spray zones that have not experienced water accumulation will continue to operate.

[0185] 6. Strong wind protection; In this embodiment, the preset upper limit of the spray wind speed is set to 8m / s; When the real-time wind speed reaches or exceeds 8m / s and lasts for 30s, the controller closes the electric proportional regulating valve corresponding to the outdoor target spray area; If there are no other spraying tasks located within the windbreak structure, the shared variable frequency water pump is stopped.

[0186] For example, the wind speed and direction detector detected for 30 consecutive seconds: The controller shuts down the currently open outdoor zone water supply branches and stops the shared variable frequency water pump after all zone water supply branches are shut down.

[0187] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for multi-parameter sensing and zoned closed-loop sprinkler control of construction dust, characterized in that, The specific steps include the following: S1. Divide the construction site into multiple control zones according to the location of dust-generating operations and the coverage of spraying, and establish a regional topology table to record the boundaries of the control zones, their adjacency relationships, the particulate matter monitoring nodes within the zones, and the water supply branches of the zones. S2. Collect PM2.5 concentration, PM10 concentration, dust control operation start signal, real-time wind speed, and real-time wind direction in each control area. Use the particulate matter concentration at the particulate matter monitoring node at the upper wind boundary as the background particulate matter concentration. S3. When the concentration increment of the control area relative to the background particulate matter concentration reaches the source area threshold, rises continuously, and the dust control operation start signal is valid, it is determined as a dust source area. S4. Based on the location, wind direction, wind speed and adjacency of the dust source area, determine the propagation area whose directional angle and regional distance meet the preset propagation conditions, and determine the control area that intersects with the site boundary or is no more than the preset boundary distance as the boundary interception area. S5. Take the dust source area, propagation area and boundary interception area as the target spray area, determine the target flow rate and nozzle target angle of the target spray area; control the common variable frequency water pump according to the sum of the target flow rates of each zone, control the electric proportional regulating valve according to the deviation between the zone target flow rate and the actual flow rate, and control the adjustable nozzle to achieve the nozzle target angle. S6. Select the boundary particulate matter monitoring node downwind and outside the direct spray range of the nozzle as the feedback node, and adjust the zone target flow and nozzle target angle according to its PM2.5 feedback concentration and PM10 feedback concentration. S7. When the PM2.5 and PM10 feedback concentrations are continuously lower than the corresponding exit thresholds and the dust control operation start signal fails, the spraying in the dust source area, the propagation area and the boundary interception area shall be shut down in sequence; the spraying shall be resumed when any feedback concentration reaches the recovery threshold higher than the corresponding exit threshold.

2. The method for multi-parameter sensing and zoned closed-loop sprinkler control of construction dust according to claim 1, characterized in that, Timestamps are configured for PM2.5 concentration, PM10 concentration, real-time wind speed, real-time wind direction, and dust suppression operation start signal, and data with timestamps within the same control cycle are matched. Data collected at intervals exceeding a preset timeout period is identified as timeout data, and data that is not continuously received is identified as interrupted data. The timeout data and interrupted data are not included in the determination of dust source area and propagation area. When the spray system is started, if the humidity increment and particulate matter concentration increment detected by the particulate matter monitoring nodes within the direct spray range of the nozzles both reach the corresponding water mist interference threshold, and the particulate matter concentration increment of the adjacent particulate matter monitoring nodes outside the direct spray range of the nozzles does not reach the water mist interference threshold, the data collected by the former will be identified as water mist interference data, and the water mist interference data will not participate in the spray control.

3. The method for multi-parameter sensing and zoned closed-loop sprinkler control of construction dust according to claim 1, characterized in that, The continuous increase refers to the PM2.5 concentration increment or PM10 concentration increment increasing cycle by cycle over at least two consecutive control cycles. The dust control operation start signal includes at least one of the following: construction machinery start signal, vehicle entry signal, material unloading signal, and construction task start signal; When the dust suppression operation start signal of a control area is valid, and the PM2.5 concentration increment and PM10 concentration increment do not reach the corresponding source area threshold, the control area is determined as a pre-dust suppression area, and according to the pre-established correspondence between operation type and pre-dust suppression flow rate, the pre-dust suppression area is controlled to spray according to the corresponding pre-dust suppression flow rate. When any concentration increment in the pre-dust suppression zone reaches the corresponding source zone threshold, the pre-dust suppression zone is updated to a dust source zone.

4. The method for multi-parameter sensing and zoned closed-loop sprinkler control of construction dust according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset propagation conditions include: The angle between the direction from the dust-generating operation location within the dust source area to the candidate control area and the real-time wind direction shall not be greater than the preset direction angle; The distance between the candidate control zone and the dust control location shall not be greater than the propagation distance determined according to the real-time wind speed and the preset wind speed-propagation distance correspondence. The candidate control area is connected to the dust source area through no more than a preset number of consecutive adjacent control areas; When the change in real-time wind direction reaches the preset wind direction switching threshold, a new propagation zone and boundary interception zone are determined according to the changed real-time wind direction. The sprinklers corresponding to the new propagation zone and boundary interception zone are turned on first. After the corresponding actual flow reaches the zone target flow and the adjustable nozzles reach the nozzle target angle, the sprinklers corresponding to the propagation zone and boundary interception zone before the change are turned off.

5. The method for multi-parameter sensing and zoned closed-loop spray control of construction dust according to claim 4, characterized in that, The nozzle target angle includes the target horizontal angle and the target pitch angle; Based on the area type of the target spraying area, the PM2.5 concentration increment, the PM10 concentration increment, and the dust operation type, the target flow rate for each zone is determined from the preset flow rate correspondence. The area type includes dust source area, propagation area, and boundary interception area. Adjust the operating frequency of the common variable frequency water pump according to the deviation between the sum of the target flow of each zone and the actual total flow of the main water supply pipe, and adjust the opening of the electric proportional regulating valve according to the deviation between the target flow of each zone and the actual flow of the corresponding zone water supply branch. The adjustable nozzles in the dust source area are controlled to spray towards the dust operation location, the adjustable nozzles in the propagation area are controlled to spray along the real-time wind direction, and the spray direction of adjacent adjustable nozzles in the boundary interception area is controlled to form a preset interception angle with the real-time wind direction, so that the spray coverage area of ​​adjacent adjustable nozzles at least partially overlaps.

6. The method for multi-parameter sensing and zoned closed-loop spray control of construction dust according to claim 5, characterized in that, After the spray system is started and a preset feedback delay time has elapsed, the feedback decrease in PM2.5 and PM10 feedback concentrations over multiple consecutive control cycles is calculated. When any feedback concentration is higher than the corresponding target concentration and the corresponding feedback decrease is lower than the preset decrease, the nozzle target angle is first re-determined based on the real-time wind direction. When the adjustable nozzle reaches the redefined nozzle target angle, and the feedback drop is still lower than the preset drop, the zone target flow rate of the corresponding target spray area is increased. When the target flow rate of the zone reaches the preset flow rate limit, and the feedback decrease rate is still lower than the preset decrease rate, the next control zone located downwind and adjacent to the original target spray zone is added to the target spray zone.

7. The method for multi-parameter sensing and zoned closed-loop spray control of construction dust according to claim 6, characterized in that, Sprinkler shutdown control includes normal exit control and protective shutdown control; The normal exit control includes: when the PM2.5 feedback concentration and PM10 feedback concentration are continuously lower than the corresponding exit threshold for a preset exit duration, and the dust operation start signal fails and continues to fail for a preset duration, the electric proportional regulating valve corresponding to the dust source area is closed, and after maintaining the spraying of the propagation zone and the boundary interception zone for a preset duration, the electric proportional regulating valves corresponding to the propagation zone and the boundary interception zone are closed in sequence. The protection shutdown control includes: when the water source level is lower than the preset minimum level, stopping the shared variable frequency water pump and closing the electric proportional regulating valve corresponding to each target spray zone; When the water source level is not lower than the preset minimum level, the shared variable frequency water pump is in operation, and the water pump outlet pressure is continuously lower than the preset minimum outlet pressure for a preset low pressure duration, the shared variable frequency water pump will be stopped, and an abnormal signal for the water pump or main water supply pipeline will be output. When the water pump outlet pressure is not lower than the preset minimum outlet pressure, the deviation between the actual opening degree and the target opening degree of the electric proportional regulating valve is not greater than the preset opening degree deviation, and the actual flow rate of the corresponding zone water supply branch is continuously lower than the preset minimum branch flow rate for a preset branch abnormal time, the electric proportional regulating valve is closed and a branch abnormal signal is output. When the water depth in the target spray area reaches or exceeds the preset water depth and continues to reach the preset water accumulation duration, the corresponding electric proportional regulating valve is closed. When the real-time wind speed reaches the preset strong wind correction threshold, adjust the nozzle target angle of the adjustable nozzle and the zone target flow of the corresponding target spray area; when the real-time wind speed reaches or exceeds the preset spray wind speed limit and continues to reach the preset strong wind duration, close the electric proportional regulating valve corresponding to the open-air target spray area, and stop the shared variable frequency water pump when there are no other spraying tasks. Wherein, the preset upper limit of the spray wind speed is greater than the preset strong wind correction threshold.

8. A multi-parameter sensing and zoned closed-loop sprinkler control system for construction dust, characterized in that, include: The memory is used to store the regional topology table, which records the control area boundaries, adjacency relationships, particulate matter monitoring nodes within the area, and water supply branches of the zones for multiple control areas; Multiple particulate matter monitoring nodes are set up in the corresponding control areas to collect PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations. Multiple boundary particulate matter monitoring nodes are distributed at different locations along the site boundary to collect PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations at corresponding locations. Wind speed and direction detectors are used to collect real-time wind speed and real-time wind direction. The operation status interface is used to receive dust control operation start signals corresponding to each control zone; The water supply components include a water source, a shared variable frequency water pump, a main water supply pipe, and multiple zone water supply branches. Each zone water supply branch is equipped with an electric proportional regulating valve, a valve position feedback device, and a flow sensor. Multiple adjustable nozzles are connected to the corresponding zone water supply branches. Each adjustable nozzle is equipped with a horizontal drive, a pitch drive, a horizontal angle detector, and a pitch angle detector. A main water supply flow sensor is installed in the main water supply pipe; The controller is connected to the memory, the particulate matter monitoring node in the area, the particulate matter monitoring node at the boundary, the wind speed and direction detector, the operation status interface, the shared variable frequency water pump, the electric proportional regulating valve, the valve position feedback device, the flow sensor, the horizontal drive, the pitch drive, the horizontal angle detector, the pitch angle detector, and the main water supply flow sensor, respectively. The controller is configured to: use the particulate matter concentration at the upwind boundary particulate matter monitoring node as the background particulate matter concentration; determine the dust source area based on the concentration increment, continuous upward trend, and dust control operation start signal of each control zone; determine the propagation zone and boundary interception zone based on the location of the dust source area, real-time wind direction, real-time wind speed, and adjacency relationship; determine the zone target flow rate and nozzle target angle for each target spray zone; control the shared variable frequency water pump, electric proportional regulating valve, and adjustable nozzle to perform zone spraying; select the downwind boundary particulate matter monitoring node outside the direct spray range of the nozzle as the feedback node; adjust the zone target flow rate and nozzle target angle based on the PM2.5 and PM10 feedback concentrations of the feedback node; and sequentially stop the spraying of the dust source area, propagation zone, and boundary interception zone when the exit conditions are met.

9. The construction dust multi-parameter sensing and zoned closed-loop sprinkler control system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The direct spray range of the nozzle is the spray area defined by the spray axis of the adjustable nozzle and the rated diffusion angle; At least one boundary particulate matter monitoring node is set at each site boundary location, which is outside the direct spray range of the adjacent adjustable nozzle. The boundary interception zone is provided with multiple adjustable nozzles at intervals along the site boundary. The controller adjusts the nozzle target angle of each adjustable nozzle according to the real-time wind direction so that the spray coverage area of ​​adjacent adjustable nozzles at least partially overlaps. The controller selects a boundary particulate matter monitoring node located downwind from multiple boundary particulate matter monitoring nodes as a feedback node based on the real-time wind direction.

10. A construction dust multi-parameter sensing and zoned closed-loop sprinkler control system according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, Also includes: A liquid level sensor installed in a water source; A water pump outlet pressure sensor is installed at the outlet end of the shared variable frequency water pump. A pump current sensor used to detect the operating current of a shared variable frequency water pump. Branch pressure sensors are installed in each zone's water supply branch; Water depth sensors are respectively installed in at least part of the control area; The controller is also connected to the liquid level sensor, the water pump outlet pressure sensor, the water pump current sensor, the branch pressure sensor, and the water depth sensor, respectively, and is configured as follows: When the water source level is lower than the preset minimum level, the shared variable frequency water pump will be stopped. When the water source level is not lower than the preset minimum level, the pump operating current deviates from the preset operating current range, and the pump outlet pressure is lower than the preset minimum outlet pressure, the shared variable frequency pump is determined to be abnormal and the shared variable frequency pump is stopped. When the actual opening of the electric proportional control valve reaches the target opening, the corresponding branch pressure is higher than the preset branch pressure, and the actual flow rate is lower than the preset minimum branch flow rate, it is determined that the corresponding adjustable nozzle or filter component is blocked, and the corresponding electric proportional control valve is closed. If the actual opening degree of the electric proportional control valve does not reach the target opening degree, the electric proportional control valve is determined to be abnormal, and the corresponding water supply branch of the zone is shut off. When the water depth on the ground reaches the preset water depth or the real-time wind speed reaches the preset upper limit of the spray wind speed, close the corresponding electric proportional regulating valve or stop the shared variable frequency water pump.

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