A construction engineering cost budget auxiliary display device and a use method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of construction engineering cost budget auxiliary display equipment and use method, including outer frame and controller, the inner wall of outer frame is fixedly sleeved with display panel, display panel includes sequentially stacked heat-conducting base layer, phase change locking layer, writing detection layer and transparent protective layer, the port of the side of outer frame away from transparent protective layer is fixedly connected with backplate, and the application relates to the technical field of display equipment.The present application solves the problem that the existing cost budget display equipment cannot achieve tamper-proof locking and review process traceability on the physical level after data confirmation, leading to easy data modification without trace, and dispute traceability problem.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of display equipment technology, and in particular to a display device for assisting in the budgeting of construction project costs and its usage. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of reviewing construction project cost budgets, multiple people typically need to discuss, modify, and confirm the cost data. Existing display equipment, such as whiteboards and electronic displays, while capable of data presentation, suffers from the following problems: First, the data is separated from the consensus process, making it impossible to permanently record and trace modification opinions and points of contention generated during the review process; second, the data can be modified without leaving a trace, lacking anti-tampering mechanisms; and third, the review process is disconnected from the archiving process, requiring manual compilation of meeting minutes, which can easily lead to information omissions.

[0003] To address the above problems, this invention provides a device and method for auxiliary display of construction project cost budget. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problem that existing cost budget display devices cannot physically achieve tamper-proof locking of data after confirmation and traceability of the review process, leading to data being easily modified without trace and disputes being untraceable, the purpose of this invention is to provide an auxiliary display device for construction project cost budgets and its usage method.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a construction project cost budget auxiliary display device, including an outer frame and a controller, a display panel is fixedly sleeved on the inner wall of the outer frame, the display panel includes a heat-conducting base layer, a phase change locking layer, a writing detection layer and a transparent protective layer stacked in sequence, and a back plate is fixedly connected to the port on the side of the outer frame away from the transparent protective layer. The phase change locking layer is composed of a thermally induced reversible phase change composite material. It is in a solid-state locked state below a first temperature threshold and in a liquid-state adjustable state above a second temperature threshold. The material hardness in the solid-state locked state is at least two orders of magnitude greater than the material hardness in the liquid-state adjustable state. Embedded inside the thermally conductive substrate layer are several miniature resistance heating elements and several thermoelectric cooling elements arranged in an array; the miniature resistance heating elements and thermoelectric cooling elements each correspond to a preset cell area of ​​the display panel; A temperature sensing array is fixedly installed between the thermally conductive substrate layer and the phase change locking layer. The temperature sensing array consists of several independent temperature sensing units. Each temperature sensing unit corresponds one-to-one with a miniature resistance heating element and a thermoelectric cooling element in the vertical direction, and corresponds to a preset cell area of ​​the display panel. The writing detection layer includes a piezoelectric sensing grid attached to the inside of the transparent protective layer, and an electromagnetic induction coil array fixedly disposed on the side of the piezoelectric sensing grid away from the transparent protective layer; the piezoelectric sensing grid is used to detect the pressure distribution applied by the writing pen on the display panel surface, and generates a pressure trigger signal when the pressure exceeds a threshold; the electromagnetic induction coil array is used to detect the magnetic field changes generated by the miniature permanent magnet built into the writing pen tip, so as to determine the two-dimensional coordinates of the writing pen tip; The controller is electrically connected to the miniature resistance heating element, the thermoelectric cooling element, the temperature sensing array, the piezoelectric sensing grid, and the electromagnetic induction coil array, and is configured as follows: In the first working mode, the micro resistance heating element of the target cell area is energized, so that the phase change locking layer of the area is switched to a liquid adjustable state, and the writing trajectory data is received and stored. Upon receiving the locking command, the thermoelectric cooling element of the target cell area is energized, causing the phase change locking layer of that area to switch to a solid-state locking state. At the same time, a locking certificate is generated based on the writing trajectory data, and the locking certificate is associated with the address code of that area and stored in an immutable storage area.

[0006] Preferably, the display area of ​​the display panel is divided into a cell matrix of M rows × N columns; each miniature resistance heating element, each thermoelectric cooling element, each temperature sensing unit, and each sensing unit of the electromagnetic induction coil array corresponds to a unique cell area address code.

[0007] Preferably, the miniature resistance heating element and the thermoelectric cooling element are staggered in the same horizontal plane, and the heat-affected zones of the two overlap in the vertical direction in the same cell area; the miniature resistance heating element and the thermoelectric cooling element are configured to work independently in a time-sharing manner, and the center distance between the two is 0.5 to 0.8 times the width of the corresponding cell area.

[0008] Preferably, each temperature sensing unit of the temperature sensing array is in direct contact with the lower surface of the phase change locking layer of the corresponding cell area or is bonded to it through a high thermal conductivity adhesive layer; the vertical distance between the temperature sensing unit and the micro resistance heating element is 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, and the vertical distance between the temperature sensing unit and the thermoelectric cooling element is 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm; the sampling frequency of the temperature sensing array is not less than 50 Hz, the temperature measurement range is -10℃ to 120℃, and the temperature measurement accuracy is ±0.5℃.

[0009] Preferably, the electromagnetic induction coil array includes a plurality of first coils arranged along a first direction and a plurality of second coils arranged along a second direction, the first direction and the second direction being perpendicular to each other, and the first coils and second coils being interwoven to form a grid-like induction unit array; the line spacing between adjacent coils is 8 mm to 15 mm, and the width of each coil along its arrangement direction is 3 line spacings; the minimum interval between any two adjacent coils wound from the same conductor is 14 line spacings; the gaps between the coils of the electromagnetic induction coil array are filled with an electrically insulating medium, which is selected from at least one of polyimide film, epoxy resin or magnesium oxide insulating powder; the sampling frequency of the electromagnetic induction coil array is not less than 200 Hz, and each coil is selected sequentially using a time-division scanning method.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes a dedicated writing pen, which includes a pen barrel shell, a pen tip assembly, and a mode switching switch; the pen tip assembly is retractably mounted on the front end of the pen barrel shell, and has a miniature permanent magnet embedded inside for cooperating with an electromagnetic induction coil array to achieve position detection, and is equipped with a pressure sensor for detecting writing pressure and a miniature heating element for local heating of the phase change locking layer; the mode switching switch is used to switch between cell writing mode and free writing mode.

[0011] Preferably, the phase change locking layer further includes a thermal history record sublayer disposed between the phase change locking layer and the thermally conductive substrate layer, which is composed of multiple layers of thermochromic materials; the thermochromic materials include at least three types of thermochromic microcapsules with different phase change temperatures, corresponding to a first temperature warning threshold, a second temperature overheating threshold, and a third temperature tampering threshold, respectively; the controller further includes an optical scanning module for scanning the color distribution of the thermal history record sublayer and generating thermal history image data, and when a color change corresponding to the second temperature overheating threshold or the third temperature tampering threshold is detected, it is determined that the cell area has experienced abnormal heating and an abnormality report is generated.

[0012] Preferably, the controller further includes a lock credential generation module, configured to: obtain the address code and trajectory coordinate sequence of the target cell area, extract the writing feature vector and temperature feature vector, obtain the lock timestamp, generate a lock credential using a hash algorithm and store it in an immutable storage area; when the lock credential for the i-th cell area is generated, obtain the lock credential for the previous locked cell area, generate a composite lock credential using a chain hash algorithm and store it, forming a lock chain.

[0013] A method for assisting in the display of construction project cost estimates includes the following steps: S1, Cell division and addressing: The display area of ​​the display panel is divided into a cell matrix of M rows × N columns. Each cell is assigned a unique address code, and a mapping relationship is established between the cell address code and the micro resistance heating element, thermoelectric cooling element, temperature sensing unit and electromagnetic induction sensing unit. S2, writing stage, liquid adjustable state control: Upon receiving a user's selection instruction for a target cell region, a heating control signal is output to the corresponding miniature resistance heating element of that region, wherein the heating control signal satisfies: ; in, The instantaneous output power of the heating control signal. This is the current moment, starting from the start of heating. This represents the maximum heating power of the miniature resistance heating element. It is a natural constant. The thermal response time constant, To preset the heating time, to meet , The heat threshold required for the phase change locking layer (3) to completely transform from solid to liquid; the temperature is monitored in real time by a temperature sensing array. ,when Stop heating when the time is right, among which The phase transition temperature of the phase transition locking layer. The overheat compensation value ranges from 2℃ to 8℃; the writing detection layer is activated to collect the writing trajectory and generate a trajectory coordinate sequence. And stored in the cache memory, where The total number of sampling points. For the first Two-dimensional coordinates of each sampling point For the first Timestamp of each sampling point; S3, Locking Phase, Solid State Locking Transition: Upon receiving a lock confirmation command, heating is stopped, and a cooling control signal is output to the thermoelectric cooling element corresponding to the target cell. The cooling control signal satisfies the following: in, For the instantaneous output power of the cooling control signal, The current moment is the time since the start of the cooling process. This represents the maximum cooling power of the thermoelectric refrigeration element. The preset cooling time must meet the following requirements: , The threshold of heat release required for the phase change locking layer to completely transform from a liquid to a solid state; when Cooling is stopped at this time, among which This is the solidification temperature of the phase change locking layer. The supercooling compensation value ranges from 3°C to 10°C. If a new writing trajectory is detected during the cooling process, the cooling is paused and step S2 is executed again. S4, lock voucher generation, data integrity anchoring: After the phase-change locked layer has completely transitioned to a solid-state locked state, the lock credential generation algorithm is executed: S4.1, Read the trajectory coordinate sequence ; S4.2, Extract the writing feature vector ,in: The total writing length represents the total distance the writing pen tip travels on the display panel. Average writing speed is the average speed at which the pen tip moves. Average writing pressure, characterizing the average pressure applied during writing, where For the first The writing pressure value at each sampling point; The standard deviation of writing pressure represents the degree of fluctuation in writing pressure. The integral of the trajectory curvature represents the sum of the curvature of the written trajectory; The square of the displacement between the starting and ending points represents the square of the straight-line distance between the starting and ending points of the writing. This represents the total change in direction angle, signifying the sum of changes in writing direction; The maximum offset of the writing trajectory represents the maximum distance the writing trajectory deviates from its geometric center; S4.3, Obtain the temperature feature vector and timestamp vector ,in: This is the highest temperature during the locking process. This marks the start of the locking phase. This is the end time of the locking phase; The average cooling rate characterizes the average rate of temperature reduction during the locking process; The integral of the temperature deviation characterizes the difference between the actual temperature and the preset target temperature. Accumulated deviations; To lock the end temperature and ambient temperature The difference; To lock the date, To lock the time, This is the globally locked sequence number; S4.4, Calculate the cell-locked voucher: in, Lock the voucher for the cell. For a secure hash algorithm, Encode the cell address. This indicates a data concatenation operation. This is the device's unique key; S5, chain-locked construction, temporal integrity verification: After the p-th cell is locked, read the chain lock credentials of the previously locked cell. Calculate the chained locking credentials for the current cell: , in This is the lock voucher for the current cell. The currently locked global sequence number. This is a lock state vector containing the address code of the current cell. And lock completion flag; stored in an immutable storage area, and will The first 32 digits of the value are used as a check code and displayed as a QR code on the edge of the current cell. S6, Unlock and Tamper Detection: Upon receiving an unlock command, the tamper detection algorithm is executed: Read chain lock credentials Calculate the temperature verification factor and thermal history verification factor ;like or If so, it is determined to be abnormal heating or signs of tampering; Calculate the unlock verification hash value: ,like If so, the integrity of the chain of control is determined to be compromised; If any item is deemed abnormal, the cell is locked and a tampering report is generated; if all verifications pass, the unlocking operation is allowed. S7, Data Archiving and Auditing: Read all locked credentials and chained locked credentials, and generate an archived data packet: ,in , To lock the total number of cells, Set the end timestamp for archiving; upload to the cloud audit server or export to external storage media; perform overall heating and reset of the display panel to restore the initial liquid adjustable state.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention uses a phase change locking layer made of thermo-reversible phase change composite material, combined with independent control of micro resistance heating elements and thermoelectric cooling elements, to achieve physical locking of written data. After data confirmation, the phase change locking layer changes from a liquid adjustable state to a solid locked state, and the handwriting is permanently solidified inside the material. Any modification requires reheating, and the heating behavior is detected and recorded by the temperature sensing array and the thermal history record sublayer. This completely solves the fundamental problem of data in traditional display devices being able to be modified without leaving a trace from a physical perspective.

[0015] 2. This invention collects writing trajectories through a writing detection layer and extracts eight-dimensional writing feature vectors, including total writing length, average speed, pressure distribution, curvature integral, squared displacement of start and end points, total change in direction angle, and maximum offset. Combined with four-dimensional temperature feature vectors such as the highest temperature during the locking process, average cooling rate, temperature deviation integral, and the temperature difference between the locking end temperature and the ambient temperature, as well as a precise timestamp, a secure hash algorithm is used to generate a unique locking credential. The locking credentials of each cell are chained together into an immutable locking chain through a chain hash algorithm, so that the time, location, writing characteristics, and temperature conditions of each data modification and confirmation are permanently recorded, forming a complete chain of evidence, which meets the compliance requirements of cost audit for data integrity and traceability.

[0016] 3. The display panel of this invention is divided into a multi-row, multi-column cell matrix. Each cell area corresponds to an independent micro resistance heating element, thermoelectric cooling element, and temperature sensing unit. Thermal isolation trenches prevent lateral heat diffusion, enabling independent heating, cooling, and temperature monitoring of each cost data item, with adjacent cells not interfering with each other. The temperature sensing array, combined with a closed-loop control algorithm, ensures precise switching of the phase change locking layer between liquid adjustable and solid locking, avoiding locking failure caused by temperature overshoot or undershoot.

[0017] 4. After receiving a locking command, the controller of this invention automatically generates a locking certificate and stores it in an immutable storage area. After the review is completed, it can generate an archive data package containing all locking certificates, chained certificates, and feature vectors with one click. It supports uploading to a cloud audit server or exporting to an external storage medium. The whole process does not require manual transcription or sorting, completely eliminating the fragmented state of the three stages of demonstration, transcription, and archiving in the traditional mode, and avoiding information omissions and human errors. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Outer frame; 2. Thermally conductive substrate layer; 21. Miniature resistance heating element; 22. Thermoelectric cooling element; 23. Temperature sensing array; 3. Phase change locking layer; 4. Writing detection layer; 41. Piezoelectric sensing grid; 42. Electromagnetic induction coil array; 5. Transparent protective layer; 6. Backplate. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0021] Please see Figure 1 It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., illustrated in the accompanying drawings are merely for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and to facilitate understanding and reading. They are not intended to limit the scope of the invention and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effectiveness and purpose of the invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this invention. Furthermore, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention's implementation.

[0022] This invention provides a technical solution: a construction project cost budget auxiliary display device, comprising an outer frame 1, a controller, and a display panel. The outer frame 1 is a rectangular frame structure, made of aluminum alloy through extrusion molding, and features light weight and high strength. The display panel is fixedly fitted onto the inner wall of the outer frame 1. A back plate 6 is fixedly connected to the port of the outer frame 1 away from the transparent protective layer 5, forming a receiving space between the back plate 6 and the display panel to accommodate the controller and related circuitry. The display panel comprises a thermally conductive base layer 2, a phase change locking layer 3, a writing detection layer 4, and a transparent protective layer 5, stacked sequentially. The layers are bonded together with optically transparent adhesive to form an integrated panel structure.

[0023] The thermally conductive substrate 2 is made of a high thermal conductivity ceramic material, preferably aluminum nitride ceramic, with a thickness of 2 mm to 5 mm. The thermally conductive substrate 2 has good thermal conductivity, with a thermal conductivity of not less than 150 W / m Kelvin, which can quickly and evenly transfer the heat generated by the micro resistance heating element 21 and the cold generated by the thermoelectric cooling element 22 to the phase change locking layer 3.

[0024] Embedded within the thermally conductive substrate layer 2 are several miniature resistance heating elements 21 and several thermoelectric cooling elements 22 arranged in an alternating array. Specifically, the miniature resistance heating elements 21 and thermoelectric cooling elements 22 are arranged in a checkerboard pattern on the same horizontal plane, with the center-to-center distance between them being 0.5 to 0.8 times the width of the corresponding cell area. This alternating arrangement ensures that each cell area 204 is simultaneously affected by heating and cooling, and that the thermally affected areas of both overlap in the vertical direction within the same cell area.

[0025] The miniature resistance heating element 21 uses a platinum thin-film resistor with a thickness of 0.1 to 0.5 micrometers, and each heating element has a maximum heating power of 5 to 10 watts. The thermoelectric cooling element 22 uses a miniature Peltier element, which is similar in size to the heating element, and has a maximum cooling power of 3 to 8 watts. The miniature resistance heating element 21 and the thermoelectric cooling element 22 are configured to operate independently in a time-sharing manner to avoid energy waste and mutual interference caused by simultaneous power-on.

[0026] A phase change locking layer 3 is disposed above the thermally conductive substrate layer 2 and is composed of a thermotropic reversible phase change composite material. The composite material is in a solid-state locked state below a first temperature threshold and in a liquid-state adjustable state above a second temperature threshold. The material hardness in the solid-state locked state is at least two orders of magnitude greater than the material hardness in the liquid-state adjustable state.

[0027] In this embodiment, the thermo-induced reversible phase change composite material is composed of the following components by mass percentage: Matrix material: 65% to 80% organic phase change material, selected from at least one of paraffin, fatty acid or polyethylene glycol; Toughening filler: 10% to 20% nanocellulose fibers with a diameter of 20 to 100 nanometers and an aspect ratio of not less than 100:1, used to improve the toughness of materials in a solid-state locked state; Thermally conductive filler: 5% to 15% boron nitride nanosheets or alumina nanoparticles, used to improve the thermal response rate of the material; Light scattering modifier: 1% to 5% titanium dioxide nanoparticles with a particle size of 100 to 300 nanometers, used to form a stable light scattering effect in a solid-state locked state to present handwriting.

[0028] The thermotropic reversible phase change composite material has a transmittance of less than 15% in the solid-state locked state and a transmittance of more than 80% in the liquid-state adjustable state. This change in transmittance results in different visual effects of handwriting in different states: the handwriting is clearly visible in the liquid-state adjustable state, while in the solid-state locked state the handwriting is locked inside the material but can still be presented through light scattering effects.

[0029] The temperature sensing array 23 is fixedly disposed between the thermally conductive substrate layer 2 and the phase change locking layer 3. The temperature sensing array 23 consists of M rows × N columns of independent temperature sensing units. Each temperature sensing unit corresponds one-to-one with a miniature resistance heating element 21 and a thermoelectric cooling element 22 in the vertical direction, and corresponds to a preset cell area of ​​the display panel.

[0030] Each temperature sensing unit is in direct contact with the lower surface of the phase change locking layer 3 of its corresponding cell area or bonded to it via a highly thermally conductive adhesive layer to ensure the accuracy and response speed of temperature measurement. The vertical spacing between the temperature sensing unit and the miniature resistance heating element 21 is 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, and the vertical spacing between the temperature sensing unit and the thermoelectric cooling element 22 is 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm. This close proximity allows the temperature sensing array to capture temperature changes caused by heating and cooling operations in real time.

[0031] The temperature sensing array 23 uses NTC thermistors or thin-film platinum resistance thermometers, with a temperature measurement range of -10℃ to 120℃, a temperature measurement accuracy of ±0.5℃, and a sampling frequency of not less than 50 Hz, which can meet the real-time control requirements for phase change locked layer state switching.

[0032] The writing detection layer 4 is disposed between the phase change locking layer 3 and the transparent protective layer 5, including a piezoelectric sensing grid 41 attached to the inner side of the transparent protective layer 5, and an electromagnetic induction coil array 42 fixedly disposed on the side of the piezoelectric sensing grid 41 away from the transparent protective layer 5.

[0033] The piezoelectric sensing grid 41 is composed of polyvinylidene fluoride piezoelectric thin film material and is distributed in a grid pattern. When the pen writes on the surface of the display panel, the pressure applied by the pen tip causes the piezoelectric material to generate an electric charge signal, the signal intensity of which is proportional to the pressure magnitude. The piezoelectric sensing grid 41 is configured to generate a pressure trigger signal and initiate trajectory recording when the pressure per unit area exceeds a first pressure threshold.

[0034] The electromagnetic induction coil array 42 is used to detect changes in the magnetic field generated by the miniature permanent magnet built into the writing pen tip, in order to determine the two-dimensional coordinates of the writing pen tip. The electromagnetic induction coil array 42 includes multiple first coils arranged along a first direction (X-axis) and multiple second coils arranged along a second direction (Y-axis), the first and second directions being perpendicular to each other. The first and second coils are interwoven to form a grid-like array of induction units. The spacing between adjacent coils is 8 mm to 15 mm, and the width of each coil along its arrangement direction is 3 line spacings. The minimum interval between any two adjacent coils wound from the same conductor is 14 line spacings to ensure that no crosstalk occurs between signals.

[0035] The gaps between the coils in the electromagnetic induction coil array 42 are filled with an electrically insulating medium, such as polyimide film, epoxy resin, or magnesium oxide insulating powder, to ensure electrical isolation and mechanical stability between the coils. The sampling frequency of the electromagnetic induction coil array 42 is not less than 200 Hz, and each coil is selected sequentially using a time-division scanning method. When the miniature permanent magnet of the writing pen tip approaches, the selected coil is induced to generate an electromotive force. By detecting the potential changes of each coil, the two-dimensional coordinates of the writing pen tip can be uniquely determined.

[0036] A transparent protective layer 5 is disposed above the writing detection layer 4, and is made of high-strength tempered glass or wear-resistant transparent plastic with a thickness of 1 mm to 2 mm. The transparent protective layer 5 protects the internal structure while providing a smooth writing surface.

[0037] The display panel's display area is divided into an M-row × N-column cell matrix, with each cell ranging from 2 to 10 square centimeters in area. Each miniature resistance heating element 21, each thermoelectric cooling element 22, each temperature sensing unit, and each sensing unit of the electromagnetic induction coil array 42 corresponds to a unique cell area address code. This cell division method allows each data item to be controlled independently, achieving pixel-level temperature adjustment and lock management.

[0038] The controller is electrically connected to the miniature resistance heating element 21, the thermoelectric cooling element 22, the temperature sensing array 23, the piezoelectric sensing grid 41, and the electromagnetic induction coil array 42, respectively. The controller uses an ARM architecture microprocessor and has built-in cache memory, tamper-proof storage area, real-time clock circuit, and security chip.

[0039] The controller is configured to operate in two modes: First working mode: The micro resistance heating element 21 of the target cell area is energized, so that the phase change locking layer 3 of the area is switched to the liquid adjustable state, and the writing trajectory data is received and stored in the cache memory.

[0040] Second working mode: After receiving the locking command, the thermoelectric cooling element 22 of the target cell area is energized, so that the phase change locking layer 3 of the area is switched to solid-state locking state. At the same time, a locking certificate is generated according to the writing trajectory data, and the locking certificate is associated with the address code of the area and stored in an immutable storage area.

[0041] This embodiment also includes a dedicated writing pen, used in conjunction with the writing detection layer 4 to achieve accurate detection of the writing trajectory. The dedicated writing pen includes a pen barrel housing, a pen tip assembly, and a mode switching switch.

[0042] The pen barrel housing houses a power module and control circuitry. The pen tip assembly is retractably mounted at the front end of the pen barrel housing, and its interior contains a miniature permanent magnet for position detection in conjunction with the electromagnetic induction coil array 42. The pen tip assembly also includes a pressure sensor for detecting writing pressure, and a miniature heating element for locally heating the phase-change locking layer 3 in free writing mode.

[0043] A mode switching switch is located on the surface of the pen barrel and is used to switch between cell writing mode and free writing mode. In cell writing mode, the micro heating element is not working, and the micro resistance heating element 21 in the target cell area is heated by the controller. The writing trajectory is recorded by the writing detection layer 4. In free writing mode, the micro heating element is energized to heat the pen tip, enabling writing of any trajectory. The writing trajectory is recorded in real time by the writing detection layer 4 and stored in the cache memory.

[0044] The phase change locking layer 3 also includes a thermal history record sublayer disposed between the phase change locking layer 3 and the thermally conductive substrate layer 2. The thermal history record sublayer is composed of multiple layers of thermochromic materials, which include at least three types of thermochromic microcapsules with different phase change temperatures, corresponding to a first temperature warning threshold, a second temperature overheating threshold, and a third temperature tampering threshold, respectively.

[0045] When the phase change locking layer 3 experiences temperature changes, the thermochromic microcapsules undergo irreversible color changes, forming thermal history traces. The controller also includes an optical scanning module for scanning the color distribution of the thermal history record sublayer and generating thermal history image data. When a color change corresponding to a second overheating threshold or a third temperature tampering threshold is detected, it is determined that the cell region has experienced abnormal heating and an anomaly report is generated.

[0046] The controller also includes a lock credential generation module, configured to: acquire the address code and trajectory coordinate sequence of the target cell region, extract the writing feature vector and temperature feature vector, acquire the lock timestamp, generate a lock credential using a hash algorithm, and store it in an immutable storage area. When a lock credential for the i-th cell region is generated, the lock credential for the previous locked cell region is acquired, a chained hash algorithm is used to generate a composite lock credential, and the credential is stored, forming a lock chain.

[0047] A method for assisting in the display of construction project cost estimates includes the following steps: S1, Cell division and addressing: The display area of ​​the display panel is divided into a cell matrix of M rows × N columns. Each cell is assigned a unique address code, and a mapping relationship is established between the cell address code and the micro resistance heating element 21, thermoelectric cooling element 22, temperature sensing unit and electromagnetic induction sensing unit. S2, writing stage, liquid adjustable state control: Upon receiving a user's selection instruction for a target cell region, a heating control signal is output to the corresponding miniature resistance heating element (21), wherein the heating control signal satisfies: ; in, The instantaneous output power of the heating control signal. This is the current moment, starting from the start of heating. This represents the maximum heating power of the miniature resistance heating element 21. It is a natural constant. The thermal response time constant, To preset the heating time, to meet , The heat threshold required for the phase change locking layer 3 to completely transform from a solid to a liquid state; the temperature is monitored in real time by the temperature sensing array 23. ,when Stop heating when the time is right, among which The phase transition temperature is the phase transition temperature of phase transition locking layer 3. The overheat compensation value ranges from 2℃ to 8℃; the writing detection layer 4 is activated to collect the writing trajectory and generate a trajectory coordinate sequence. And stored in the cache memory, where The total number of sampling points. For the first Two-dimensional coordinates of each sampling point For the first Timestamp of each sampling point; S3, Locking Phase, Solid State Locking Transition: Upon receiving a lock confirmation command, heating is stopped, and a cooling control signal is output to the thermoelectric cooling element 22 corresponding to the target cell. The cooling control signal satisfies the following: in, For the instantaneous output power of the cooling control signal, The current moment is the time since the start of the cooling process. This represents the maximum cooling power of the thermoelectric refrigeration element 22. The preset cooling time must meet the following requirements: , The heat threshold required for the phase change locking layer 3 to completely transform from a liquid to a solid state; when Cooling is stopped at this time, among which This is the solidification temperature of phase change locking layer 3. The supercooling compensation value ranges from 3°C to 10°C. If a new writing trajectory is detected during the cooling process, the cooling is paused and step S2 is executed again. S4, lock voucher generation, data integrity anchoring: After phase-change locking layer 3 has completely transitioned to solid-state locking, the locking credential generation algorithm is executed: S4.1, Read the trajectory coordinate sequence ; S4.2, Extract the writing feature vector ,in: The total writing length represents the total distance the writing pen tip travels on the display panel. Average writing speed is the average speed at which the pen tip moves. Average writing pressure, characterizing the average pressure applied during writing, where For the first The writing pressure value at each sampling point; The standard deviation of writing pressure represents the degree of fluctuation in writing pressure. The integral of the trajectory curvature represents the sum of the curvature of the written trajectory; The square of the displacement between the starting and ending points represents the square of the straight-line distance between the starting and ending points of the writing. This represents the total change in direction angle, signifying the sum of changes in writing direction; The maximum offset of the writing trajectory represents the maximum distance the writing trajectory deviates from its geometric center; S4.3, Obtain the temperature feature vector and timestamp vector ,in: This is the highest temperature during the locking process. This marks the start of the locking phase. This is the end time of the locking phase; The average cooling rate characterizes the average rate of temperature reduction during the locking process; The integral of the temperature deviation characterizes the difference between the actual temperature and the preset target temperature. Accumulated deviations; To lock the end temperature and ambient temperature The difference; To lock the date, To lock the time, This is the globally locked sequence number; S4.4, Calculate the cell-locked voucher: in, Lock the voucher for the cell. For a secure hash algorithm, Encode the cell address. This indicates a data concatenation operation. This is the device's unique key; S5, chain-locked construction, temporal integrity verification: After the p-th cell is locked, read the chain lock credentials of the previously locked cell. Calculate the chained locking credentials for the current cell: , in This is the lock voucher for the current cell. The currently locked global sequence number. This is a lock state vector containing the address code of the current cell. And lock completion flag; stored in an immutable storage area, and will The first 32 digits of the value are used as a check code and displayed as a QR code on the edge of the current cell. S6, Unlock and Tamper Detection: Upon receiving an unlock command, the tamper detection algorithm is executed: Read chain lock credentials Calculate the temperature verification factor and thermal history verification factor ;like or If so, it is determined to be abnormal heating or signs of tampering; Calculate the unlock verification hash value: ,like If so, the integrity of the chain of control is determined to be compromised; If any item is deemed abnormal, the cell is locked and a tampering report is generated; if all verifications pass, the unlocking operation is allowed. S7, Data Archiving and Auditing: Read all locked credentials and chained locked credentials, and generate an archived data packet: ,in , To lock the total number of cells, Set the end timestamp for archiving; upload to the cloud audit server or export to external storage media; perform overall heating and reset of the display panel to restore the initial liquid adjustable state.

[0048] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction project cost budget auxiliary display device, comprising an outer frame (1) and a controller, characterized in that: The inner wall of the outer frame (1) is fixedly fitted with a display panel, which includes a thermally conductive base layer (2), a phase change locking layer (3), a writing detection layer (4) and a transparent protective layer (5) stacked in sequence. A back plate (6) is fixedly connected to the port of the outer frame (1) away from the transparent protective layer (5). The phase change locking layer (3) is made of thermally induced reversible phase change composite material. It is in a solid-state locked state when the temperature is below the first temperature threshold and in a liquid-state adjustable state when the temperature is above the second temperature threshold. The material hardness in the solid-state locked state is at least two orders of magnitude greater than the material hardness in the liquid-state adjustable state. The thermally conductive substrate layer (2) is embedded with a plurality of miniature resistance heating elements (21) and a plurality of thermoelectric cooling elements (22) arranged in an array; the miniature resistance heating elements (21) and the thermoelectric cooling elements (22) respectively correspond to a preset cell area of ​​the display panel; A temperature sensing array (23) is fixedly disposed between the thermally conductive substrate layer (2) and the phase change locking layer (3). The temperature sensing array (23) consists of several independent temperature sensing units. Each temperature sensing unit corresponds one-to-one with a micro resistance heating element (21) and a thermoelectric cooling element (22) in the vertical direction, and corresponds to a preset cell area of ​​the display panel. The writing detection layer (4) includes a piezoelectric sensing grid (41) attached to the inner side of the transparent protective layer (5), and an electromagnetic induction coil array (42) fixedly disposed on the side of the piezoelectric sensing grid (41) away from the transparent protective layer (5); the piezoelectric sensing grid (41) is used to detect the pressure distribution applied by the writing pen on the surface of the display panel, and generates a pressure trigger signal when the pressure exceeds a threshold; the electromagnetic induction coil array (42) is used to detect the magnetic field change generated by the micro permanent magnet built into the writing pen tip, so as to determine the two-dimensional coordinates of the writing pen tip; The controller is electrically connected to the miniature resistance heating element (21), the thermoelectric cooling element (22), the temperature sensing array (23), the piezoelectric sensing grid (41), and the electromagnetic induction coil array (42), and is configured to: In the first working mode, the micro resistance heating element (21) of the target cell area is energized, so that the phase change locking layer (3) of the area is switched to the liquid adjustable state, and the writing trajectory data is received and stored. Upon receiving the locking command, the thermoelectric cooling element (22) of the target cell area is energized, causing the phase change locking layer (3) of the area to switch to solid-state locking. At the same time, a locking certificate is generated based on the writing trajectory data, and the locking certificate is associated with the address code of the area and stored in an immutable storage area.

2. The auxiliary display device for construction project cost budgeting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The display area of ​​the display panel is divided into a cell matrix of M rows × N columns; each micro resistance heating element (21), each thermoelectric cooling element (22), each temperature sensing unit and each sensing unit of the electromagnetic induction coil array (42) corresponds to a unique cell area address code.

3. The auxiliary display device for construction project cost budgeting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The micro resistance heating element (21) and the thermoelectric cooling element (22) are staggered in the same horizontal plane, and their heat-affected zones overlap in the same cell area in the vertical direction; the micro resistance heating element (21) and the thermoelectric cooling element (22) are configured to work independently in a time-sharing manner, and the center distance between them is 0.5 to 0.8 times the width of the corresponding cell area.

4. The auxiliary display device for construction project cost budgeting according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each temperature sensing unit of the temperature sensing array (23) is in direct contact with the lower surface of the phase change locking layer (3) of the corresponding cell area or is bonded through a high thermal conductivity adhesive layer; the vertical distance between the temperature sensing unit and the micro resistance heating element (21) is 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, and the vertical distance between the temperature sensing unit and the thermoelectric cooling element (22) is 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm; the sampling frequency of the temperature sensing array (23) is not less than 50 Hz, the temperature measurement range is -10℃ to 120℃, and the temperature measurement accuracy is ±0.5℃.

5. The auxiliary display device for construction project cost budgeting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic induction coil array (42) includes a plurality of first coils arranged along a first direction and a plurality of second coils arranged along a second direction, the first direction and the second direction being perpendicular to each other, the first coils and the second coils being interwoven to form a grid-like induction unit array; the line spacing between adjacent coils is 8 mm to 15 mm, and the width of each coil along its arrangement direction is 3 line spacings; the minimum interval between any two adjacent coils wound from the same conductor is 14 line spacings; the gaps between the coils of the electromagnetic induction coil array (42) are filled with an electrically insulating medium, the electrically insulating medium being selected from at least one of polyimide film, epoxy resin or magnesium oxide insulating powder; the sampling frequency of the electromagnetic induction coil array (42) is not less than 200 Hz, and each coil is selected sequentially using a time-division scanning method.

6. The auxiliary display device for construction project cost budgeting according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a dedicated writing pen, which includes a pen barrel housing, a pen tip assembly, and a mode switching switch; the pen tip assembly is retractably mounted on the front end of the pen barrel housing, and has a miniature permanent magnet embedded inside for cooperating with the electromagnetic induction coil array (42) to realize position detection, and is equipped with a pressure sensor for detecting writing pressure and a miniature heating element for local heating of the phase change locking layer (3); the mode switching switch is used to switch between cell writing mode and free writing mode.

7. The auxiliary display device for construction project cost budgeting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase change locking layer (3) further includes a thermal history record sublayer, which is disposed between the phase change locking layer (3) and the thermally conductive substrate layer (2) and is composed of multiple layers of thermochromic materials. The thermochromic materials include at least three types of thermochromic microcapsules with different phase change temperatures, which correspond to a first temperature warning threshold, a second temperature overheating threshold, and a third temperature tampering threshold, respectively. The controller further includes an optical scanning module, which is used to scan the color distribution of the thermal history record sublayer and generate thermal history image data. When a color change corresponding to the second temperature overheating threshold or the third temperature tampering threshold is detected, it is determined that the cell area has experienced abnormal heating and an abnormal report is generated.

8. The auxiliary display device for construction project cost budgeting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller also includes a lock credential generation module, configured to: obtain the address code and trajectory coordinate sequence of the target cell area, extract the writing feature vector and temperature feature vector, obtain the lock timestamp, generate a lock credential using a hash algorithm and store it in an immutable storage area; when the lock credential for the i-th cell area is generated, obtain the lock credential for the previous locked cell area, generate a composite lock credential using a chain hash algorithm and store it, forming a lock chain.

9. A method for auxiliary display of construction project cost budget, characterized in that, The auxiliary display device for construction project cost budgeting as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 includes the following steps: S1, Cell division and addressing: The display area of ​​the display panel is divided into a cell matrix of M rows × N columns. Each cell is assigned a unique address code, and a mapping relationship is established between the cell address code and the micro resistance heating element (21), thermoelectric cooling element (22), temperature sensing unit and electromagnetic induction sensing unit. S2, writing stage, liquid adjustable state control: Upon receiving a user's selection instruction for a target cell region, a heating control signal is output to the corresponding miniature resistance heating element (21), wherein the heating control signal satisfies: ； in, The instantaneous output power of the heating control signal. This is the current moment, starting from the start of heating. The maximum heating power of the miniature resistance heating element (21) is It is a natural constant. The thermal response time constant, To preset the heating time, to meet , The heat threshold required for the phase change locking layer (3) to completely transform from solid to liquid; the temperature is monitored in real time by a temperature sensing array (23). ,when Stop heating when the time is right, among which The phase transition temperature of the phase transition locking layer (3) is... The overheat compensation value ranges from 2℃ to 8℃; the writing detection layer (4) is activated to collect the writing trajectory and generate a trajectory coordinate sequence. And stored in the cache memory, where The total number of sampling points. For the first Two-dimensional coordinates of each sampling point For the first Timestamp of each sampling point; S3, Locking Phase, Solid State Locking Transition: Upon receiving the lock confirmation command, heating is stopped, and a cooling control signal is output to the thermoelectric cooling element (22) corresponding to the target cell. The cooling control signal satisfies the following: in, For the instantaneous output power of the cooling control signal, The current moment is the time since the start of the cooling process. The maximum cooling power of the thermoelectric refrigeration element (22) The preset cooling time must meet the following requirements: , The heat threshold required for the phase change locking layer (3) to completely transform from a liquid to a solid state; when Cooling is stopped at this time, among which The solidification temperature of the phase change locking layer (3) is... The supercooling compensation value ranges from 3°C to 10°C. If a new writing trajectory is detected during the cooling process, the cooling is paused and step S2 is executed again. S4, lock voucher generation, data integrity anchoring: After the phase-change locked layer (3) has completely transitioned to a solid-state locked state, the locking credential generation algorithm is executed: S4.1, Read the trajectory coordinate sequence ; S4.2, Extract the writing feature vector ,in: The total writing length represents the total distance the writing pen tip travels on the display panel. Average writing speed is the average speed at which the pen tip moves. Average writing pressure, characterizing the average pressure applied during writing, where For the first The writing pressure value at each sampling point; The standard deviation of writing pressure represents the degree of fluctuation in writing pressure. The integral of the trajectory curvature represents the sum of the curvature of the written trajectory; The square of the displacement between the starting and ending points represents the square of the straight-line distance between the starting and ending points of the writing. This represents the total change in direction angle, signifying the sum of changes in writing direction; The maximum offset of the writing trajectory represents the maximum distance the writing trajectory deviates from its geometric center; S4.3, Obtain the temperature feature vector and timestamp vector ,in: This is the highest temperature during the locking process. This marks the start of the locking phase. This is the end time of the locking phase; The average cooling rate characterizes the average rate of temperature reduction during the locking process; The integral of the temperature deviation characterizes the difference between the actual temperature and the preset target temperature. Accumulated deviations; To lock the end temperature and ambient temperature The difference; To lock the date, To lock the time, This is the globally locked sequence number; S4.4, Calculate the cell-locked voucher: in, Lock the voucher for the cell. For a secure hash algorithm, Encode the cell address. This indicates a data concatenation operation. This is the device's unique key; S5, chain-locked construction, temporal integrity verification: After the p-th cell is locked, read the chain lock credentials of the previously locked cell. Calculate the chained locking credentials for the current cell: ， in This is the lock voucher for the current cell. The currently locked global sequence number. This is a lock state vector containing the address code of the current cell. And lock completion flag; stored in an immutable storage area, and will The first 32 digits of the value are used as a check code and displayed as a QR code on the edge of the current cell. S6, Unlock and Tamper Detection: Upon receiving an unlock command, the tamper detection algorithm is executed: Read chain lock credentials Calculate the temperature verification factor and thermal history verification factor ;like or If so, it is determined to be abnormal heating or signs of tampering; Calculate the unlock verification hash value: ,like If so, the integrity of the chain of control is determined to be compromised; If any item is deemed abnormal, the cell is locked and a tampering report is generated; if all verifications pass, the unlocking operation is allowed. S7, Data Archiving and Auditing: Read all locked credentials and chained locked credentials, and generate an archived data packet: ,in , To lock the total number of cells, Set the end timestamp for archiving; upload to the cloud audit server or export to external storage media; perform overall heating and reset of the display panel to restore the initial liquid adjustable state.

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